中考英语专题复习：阅读表达（共63张PPT）

(共63张PPT)
阅读表达 专项复习
1.English private Eton male school lies in the small town named Windsor Etor.
2.An American scientist named nicholas Negroponte asked Freddie to go cycling with him.
3. It‘s really an extremely magnificent museum.
人名、
地名、
不影响文章理解的单词
生词策略 1.
？
不管它
F.使美化
A.失眠的
B.品行不端
C.使变大
D.孩子气的
E.重写
生词策略 2.
guessing
sleepless
misbehavior
enlarge
childish
rewrite
beautify
？
构词法
1.找同义句
策略：
1.关键词（如同义词），意义一致。
2.根据句意和相同单词的数量来找，不能多也不能少。
从文中找出与所给意思相同或相近的句子
Visitors are thinking up some other ways to collect the stamps besides the 30-yuan passports.
On Saturday, the opening day of the Expo, the 110,000 Expo passports were sold out within a few hours, leaving more than 100，000 visitors disappointed. Because of the shortage, visitors are coming up with creative ways to collect the stamps without using the 30 -yuan passports. Hou Peiqi is one of thousands of visitors to the Expo Garden who failed to get an Expo passport.
Where is the true home of hamburger
The kind of beef we see in hamburgers , minced(切碎)beef, was possibly invented by Mongolians over 800 years ago. But who first put the beef between pieces of bread and called it a hamburger Three different cities in the United States all say that they were the first to invent America’s favorite food.
Some people say that Fletcher Davis, from Athens, invented hamburgers. “Old Dave,” as people called him, was selling minced beef sandwiches in his lunch bar as early as the 1880s. Some years later, they say that a group of Germans called①his sandwich a “hamburger” because people from the German city of Hamburger ate this kind of beef.
Other people believe that the hamburger came from a different American city.②coincidentally, its name was also Hamburg. The Menches brothers were selling pork sandwiches at a fair in 1885, but when there was no more pork, they used minced beef and gave it a new name, the “hamburger”.
任务五 请从文中找出与Mongolians possibly invented minced beef a long time ago. 意思相近的句子。
Today, people have discovered that the nature around us is getting worse and worse. What is destroying the nature Air and water pollution, Seeking for delicious food makes some animals’ species endangered. Overpopulation makes our earth more and more crowded. At the same time we are polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals everywhere.
从文中第二段找到本句同义句
Some animals are endangered because people look for them to cook delicious food.
2.找出代词指代的内容
策略：
1.根据代词，确定范围，前后联系，明确内容，就前原则。
2.注意代词在句中的成分及单复数。
it：（主语/宾语）名词单数，动名词
them：（宾语）复数 this/that：单数
they：（主语）复数
找出代词指代的内容
* For most teenagers, family and friends are the most important side of life. According to a survey, 60 percent of British young people said their relationship with their family was of the highest importance to them.
任务三 请从文中找出划线单词them指代的内容。（1分）
________________________
* People love proverbs. ……, A good proverb quickly sums up(概括) ideas that are sometimes hard to express. And the person can understand it at once…..
任务二 请从文中找出第一段划线单词it指代的内容。（1分）________________________
A good proverb
60 percent of British young people
Task3:找出代词指代的内容：
Example1. Inserting Zhuyu and sticking chrysanthemum(菊花) are also traditions to avoid the bad as (B) they have special smells which can repel (驱逐) insects and keep out the cold.
任务四. 从文中找出(B)处划线单词they所指代的内容。
________________________________
Zhuyu and chrysanthemum
At the same time, we can’t pay no attention to bad things that have happened. We should learn from mistakes. It makes us become strong.
1. What does it refer to (指的是) ________________
Learning from mistakes
近期易错题
Next time when some bad things happen, stop and think, “ How can I turn this around How can I make it a nice experience
What does “it” in thelast paragraph refer to
_____________________________
注意指代的单复一致。
A bad thing
3.猜测词意
策略：结合语境和文意，分析词义
1.根据本句句意
2. 根据上下文
He often breaks the school rules, We all think he is a black sheep of our class.
A. 一只黑色的羊 B. 害群之马 C. 害群之羊
It's too expensive for them to buy their own house ,so they have to rent one.
rent的汉语意思： .
租
The students shouldn’t have mobile phones at school. Because they were easy to lose and were a distraction from studies.
A.仔细 B.打扰，分心的事 C.丢失
Today,young couples always spend much money on appliances, for instance ,
washing machines, refrigerators, and color TVs.
appliance的汉语意思： .
Carry out One-Child Policy to stop population from rising so quickly.
carry out的汉语意思： .
家用电器
实施
Two out of five adults now consider if the products are good for the environment before they buy them.
五分之二　
Task4:猜测词意
The survey wanted to try and understand the next generation (一代人) of adults better and these are some of the results. They show that there are many more (A) similarities between young people around the world than differences.
任务二 根据上下文，猜测文中(A)处划线单词similarities 的中文意思。______________
相似点/相似处
Where is the true home of hamburger
The kind of beef we see in hamburgers , minced(切碎)beef, was possibly invented by Mongolians over 800 years ago. But who first put the beef between pieces of bread and called it a hamburger Three different cities in the United States all say that they were the first to invent America’s favorite food.
Other people believe that the hamburger came from a different American city.②coincidentally, its name was also Hamburg. The Menches brothers were selling pork sandwiches at a fair in 1885, but when there was no more pork, they used minced beef and gave it a new name, the “hamburger”.
任务三 请根据短文内容，猜测②处划线单词coincidentally 的中文意思。 （1分）
A 幸运地 B 碰巧地 C 相反地
4.英汉互译
策略：
1.英译汉：逐词落实，分清主从句，再合成,符合汉语习惯。
2.汉译英：分析句子结构，翻译时要符合英语句型结构。
These days，most food in the world is safe．Laws control where food comes from．They also control how food is managed and prepared．Laws are important．But it's more important to make sure the rules are followed．A good food safety system（系统）keeps people safe．
将文中画线句子译成汉语。
________________________________________________________________________________________________
但是确保规则被遵守是更重要的。
句型：It is + adj + to do sth. 做什么事怎么样
* if you really like science, what do you enjoy about it—the lab work or the research it’s important to think about what you like to do, because work will finally be a big part of your life.
任务三 请将划线句子 翻译成汉语。（2分）
* Our first topic was “Why I’m so angry ”…, and my mom filled up nearly three passages. I watched tears run down her face as she wrote feelings. I never realized anyone could hide so much anger.
任务三 请将划线句子 翻译成汉语。（2分）
当她写感受时，我看到泪水从她的脸上流下。
考虑你喜欢做什么很重要，因为工作最终会是你生活中的重要一部分。
5.回答问题--When, Where, What, Who等引导的特殊疑问句。
策略：找准段落，节选句子,合理整合，符合语法。
1.尽量精简回答，降低出错率，首字母大写。
2.看好文章的时态，什么时态问什么时态回答。
3.人称代词要一致，注意转换。
4.主谓一致，单复数一致。
5.语序的改变。（宾语从句，介词后...）
6.必要的介词不能少。
what 提问具体内容、职业 用名词回答
when 提问时间 介词＋时间
why 提问原因 Because＋句子/Because of +短语/To+动原
where 提问地点 介词＋地点
who 提问身份 人
how 提问方式 句子或者By＋...
how long ①提问多长时间 ②提问长度 ① For＋时间段/Since＋时间点或从句
②具体长度
how old 提问年龄 数字
how many 提问多少(＋可数名词复数) 数字
how much ①价格 ②＋不可数名词 ①钱数
②数字
Can you help correct the mistake
　
　Our father said that he buy a new computer next week.
will
would
策略.
？
时态一致
策略.
I shoud correct myself and say sorry to those who I have offended.
？
人称转换一致
...Be sure to correct yourself and say sorry to those who you have offended.
What should you do to those who you have offended
Can you find the mistake in the answers
　　
Three hours enough for our meeting.
is
are
策略.
？
主谓一致
"Does she dance well？" My music teacher asks me.
My mucic teacher asks me whether_________ ________ well.
she
dances
策略.
完成句子
？
语序的改变
Chen Shuai is a student from Beijing Chaoyang Foreign Language School.
Where does Chen Shuai study
He studies in Beijing Chaoyang Foreign Language School.
In Beijing Chaoyang Foreign Language School.
必要的介词不能少
The woman was Susana Green, whose 12-week-old baby seemed to stop breathing suddenly.
How old was Susana’s baby
It was 12 weeks old.
12 weeks old.
将定语转换成表语，注意观时态
别急着动笔
old不能少！
One day, two birds came to the tree and built a nest for their three newborn babies.
How many birds are there
There are five/5 birds.
Five/5.
数字细节题一定要算清楚，简答时第一个单词首字母要大写
The world itself is becoming smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication.
What makes the world become smaller
Using modern traffic and modern
communication makes the world become smaller.
Using modern traffic and modern
communication.
对主语或宾语提问，可以用名词或名词短语、动名词或不定式短语简答。
Annie lived alone in Chicago. One day, she
went out and bought a ticket for a concert.
What did Annie do one day
She went out and bought a ticket for a concert.
对谓语提问，要用完整句子回答。
“I first watched Beijing Opera in London in
1993, and it just shocked me. It was really amazing,” says Frank.
What did Frank think of Beijing Opera when he first watched it
It was amazing.
What…think of/How…like/feel about 这样的问句，直接用文中合适形容词回答。
Amazing.
Neither of the boys has attended a CPR
class. Instead, they learned it all by carefully
reading the posters on the walls of their elementary school hall.
How did the boys learn to do CPR
They learned it by reading the posters on the walls of their elementary school hall.
By reading the posters on the walls of their elementary school hall.
How 引导常用by doing回答
Paris, the city of light, may show its dark side to visitors. Chinese visitors feel sorry about the crowded subway in Paris.
Why do Chinese visitors feel sorry about the subway in Paris
Because the subway is crowded./ Because of the crowded subway.
含有 why 的问句,常用because/ because of 回答；To do
because后面接完整的句子,
because of 后接名词短语
Blake and his wife have two kids, a 10-year-old daughter named Camille and a 9-year-old son named Aiden. He has been a stay-at-home dad since ten years ago.
How long has Blake been a stay-at-home father
He has been a stay-at-home father for ten years.
He has been a stay-at-home father since ten years ago.
For ten years. / Since ten years ago.
通常How long提问，回答时用for或since回答。
since ten years ago=for ten years
与现在完成时连用
The robots need to fill in the blanks with numbers, places and times. All this happened in less than three minutes, much faster than any human reporter.
How long will it take a robot to write a report about an earthquake
It will take a robot less than three minutes to write a report.
Less than three minutes.
回答How long…take的问句要谨慎，不要用介词for。
细节不能丢
Another lizard（蜥蜴） appeared carrying food to the stuck（被钉住的） lizard’s mouth. That was a real surprise! This act was heartwarming, and everyone was touched that the lizard fed the other one for all this time.
What did the other lizard do to help the stuck one
The other lizard carried food to the stuck one’s mouth.
The other lizard fed the stuck one for all this time.
理解问题后，将原文转换成合适的答案，不要照搬原文。
However, Jay can play very difficult musical
pieces by musicians such as Chopin and
Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears
them.
Whose musical pieces can Jay play
He can play Chopin’s and Beethoven’s musical
pieces.
Chopin’s and Beethoven’s.
不能照搬原文哦！
5.回答问题--一般疑问句和选择疑问句。
策略：看清楚是一般疑问句还是选择疑问句,or很
关键。
一般疑问句，用Yes，...／No,...回答。
选择疑问句,根据实际情况回答，选什么答什么。
If there’s pollution that is not very serious, Beijing Municipal Commission of Education （北京市教育委员会）will ask schools to stop P.E. classes and out door activities. When there is a red warning, schools will close.
If there is a red warning in Beijing, will schools have classes
No，they won’t.
Do Chinese think it’s important to make their country strong
__________________________________________
“ People look for their ways to make their dreams come true. They all believe that a strong country is the most important,” Simon said.
Yes, they do.
On February 15th, 1927, Ba Jin went to Paris with his friend for further study.
Did Ba Jin go to France or Britain in 1927
He went to France.
All of the artists began to think about the king's physical disabilities(生理缺陷). How could his painting be made very beautiful It was not possible. They weren't sure what his paiting would be like. So one by one, they all started to politely refuse to make a painting of the king.
Was it an easy job or a hard job to draw a painting of the king
__________________________________________
It was a hard job.
6.归纳大意
策略：
1.关注题目
2.注意首尾段或段落的首尾句。
3. 提示词：here, there, the following, the way/tips to...
4.注意文章关键性过渡句，结合上下文对句子进行整合。
5. 注意语序：陈述语序
6. 标题常为短语或简单句（特殊疑问词+to do）
Every year animals all around the world take part in some wonderful journeys. Here are the stories of two amazing animal travelers.
Humpback whale(座头鲸) prefer a slow journey. the humpbacks, which travel over 10,000 kilometers on their journey from Alaska to Hawaii, swim at a relaxing speed of about 1.6 kilometers an hour.
Every August a fantastic sight can be seen in the skies above Antario and Montreal--millions of amazing Monarch butterflies(帝王蝶) beginning their 4,000-kilometer journey from Canada to Central Mexico.
This passage is mainly about __________________________________.
the stories of two amazing animal travelers
Where is the true home of hamburger
The kind of beef we see in hamburgers , minced(切碎)beef, was possibly invented by Mongolians over 800 years ago. But who first put the beef between pieces of bread and called it a hamburger Three different cities in the United States all say that they were the first to invent America’s favorite food.
Some people say that Fletcher Davis, from Athens, invented hamburgers. “Old Dave,” as people called him, was selling minced beef sandwiches in his lunch bar as early as the 1880s. Some years later, they say that a group of Germans called①his sandwich a “hamburger” because people from the German city of Hamburger ate this kind of beef.
Other people believe that the hamburger came from a different American city.②coincidentally, its name was also Hamburg. The Menches brothers were selling pork sandwiches at a fair in 1885, but when there was no more pork, they used minced beef and gave it a new name, the “hamburger”.
The third possible inventor of the hamburger was Charlie Nagreen, also known as “Hamburger Charlie,” from Seymour. He said that in 1885 he invented the world’s first hamburgers. Seymour now celebrates the invention of the hamburger every year. In 1989, it was the home of the world’s largest ever burger—over 2,500kg!
任务六 请用英语简要概括出本文的主旨大意，不超过10个词。（2分）
It's mainly about______________________________
the true home of hamburger
Task 3: 归纳大意：(2018青岛中考)
“I have always had a pretty clear idea of what I want to do.” says Mary, …But you can start thinking about and planning for your future career.
The following article helps middle school students plan for careers.
Explore (探索) your interests
Many middle school students don't yet know what they want to do. …
Learn about yourself
Understanding what you enjoy and what you're good at is the most important step in exploring careers. …
Discover possible careers
Once you've thought about the subjects and activities you like best, the next step is to look for careers that put those interests to use. …
Do your research
After discovering possible jobs, you'll want to learn more about them. …
任务四 用英语简要概括本文主旨大意。不超15词（1分）
The ways to help middle school students plan for future careers .
7.列举信息
策略：
分析所给示例结构，注意词形一致
Set a goal(目标) for yourself
Before class starts, set a goal for yourself. A goal can get your mind ready to learn. It gives you an extra purpose in class. It can even help you focus on what your
列举两条设定目标的好处。
①get your mind ready to learn.
②_______________________________________③_______________________________________
give you an extra purpose in class
help you focus on what your teacher is saying
Task7:列举信息
….,So he started the Fred Hollows Foundation. This foundation collected donations from people in rich countries. This money provided equipment for eye surgeries and helped to train doctors. This foundation helped thousands of people to see again.
任务三：请列举任意三个 the Fred Hollows Foundation 所做的贡献。 1.Collect________________________________
2._____________________________________ 3._____________________________________
The Fred Hollows Foundation did a lot to help thousands of people to see again, such as .(列举3条)
donations from people in rich countries.
Provide equipment for eye surgeries
(Help to) train doctors.
8.补全句子
策略：
1.信息查找：看关键词快速找答案
2.学会转换信息：词性转换，同义词/反义词转换，主被动转换
3. 人称、主谓一致。
4. 看清词数要求。
Before they buy products, they ask questions like: “Will this shampoo damage the environment ”
People always asked if this shampoo_______ _______the environment before they bought them.
would
damage
完成句子
Even how we stand depends on our culture. English people talk to each other at an average (平均的) distance of 130 cm, while Italians chat at an average distance of 80 cm. So Italians can think that English people are unfriendly because they stand too far away! And English people can think that Italians are too close.
Touching is also cultural. The French touch much more than Americans. A French couple may touch 100 times in half an hour while an American couple may only touch twice! And French teenagers touch each other much more than American teens.
根据短文内容，完成下面的句子。
According to the passage, Italians stand _______ than English people. American teens touch __________than French teenagers.
closer
(much)less
或fewer times
Humpback whales (座 头 鲸 ) prefer a slow journey. The humpbacks, which travel over 10,000 kilometers on their journey from Alaska to Hawaii, swim at a relaxing speed of about 1.6 kilometers an hour. Although they don’t swim fast, humpback whales travel farther than any other kinds of whale.
任务一 根据文章内容，完成下列句子。（每空不超过3个单词）
Humpback whales swim at a speed of__________________an hour from Alaska to ______. They travel slowly but ___________________ among all whales.
about 1.6 kilometers
Hawaii
(the) farthest /furthest
1）It seems that a family just isn’t complete without a pet.
A family ___ a pet seems to be complete.
2）Remember not to come into others’ houses if you are not invited.
Don’t come into others’ houses ____ you are invited.
3）Human beings shouldn’t kill the animals any more.
The animals shouldn’t_____________________any more .
4）Her collection also includes books,papers,
photographs, movies, sheet music, and personal letters .
She had a large collection,_______books,papers,photographs and other things
with
unless
be killed
including
反义词转换
同义词转换
主动和被动转换
词性转换
Where was coffee discovered long long time ago
Africa.
In Africa.
病症： Forget “preposition (介词)”!
原文: There is an old story that says coffee was discovered in Africa long ,long time ago.
Challenge yourselves !
病症： noun phrases / V+ing phrases
What sport is popular in American universities
Play football.
Playing football.
原文: Sports in the United States are an important part of the country's culture . Most American universities students join the Football Club during the summer .
put the answer into the question
原文: Everyone’s ideas are important . New ideas make life better for everyone. You should welcome them .
Because new ideas make life better.
Why should we
welcome new ideas
New ideas make life better.
病症：because …/because of…
How did Lucy feel at the party
She feels very sad .
She felt very sad .
病症: Tense
原文: Lucy lost her necklace at the party. She sat at the table and began to cry .she felt very sad .
When do people usually eat zongzi
病症：Capitalize the first letter
首字母要大写
原文: Zongzi is traditionally eaten during the Dragon Boat Festival.
During the Dragon Boat Festival.
during the Dragon Boat Festival.
practice makes perfect