中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
单元语法精讲专练
典句导引--悟
根据汉语提示完成下列教材中的句子。
1. (这是) my friend Jane.
2. (那是) my grandfather.
3. (这些是) my (哥哥们).
4. (那些是) my (父母).
5. Who ’s (她) (她是) my sister.6.— Who' re (他们)
— (他们是) my (爷爷奶奶).
新知精讲--记
一、指示代词this,that,these,those
(1)this意为“_______”,these意为“_______”,指离说话人较近的人或事物。that意为“______”,those意为“_______”,指离说话人较远的人或事物。
eg:Those are his parents.那些是他的父母。
(2)当this或that作主语时,be动词用____________，后面的名词也用单数形式；当these或those作主语时，be动词用________________，后面的名词也要用复数形式。
(3)当介绍某人时,常用“This/That is…”,而不用“He/She is…”。
(4)当回答含有this或that作主语的问句,且this 或that指物时,应用it来代替句中的this或that。
(5)当回答含有these或those作主语的问句时,应用they来代替句中的these或those。
eg:—Are these your friends 这些是你朋友吗 —Yes,they are.是的,他们是。
单数句变复数句的规则
(1)四变:
①可数名词一般变为复数形式。
如:This is a ruler.→These are rulers.
【注意】名词修饰名词，表示“性质”时不变化；不可数名词无复数形式。
②主格人称代词通常变单数为
复数形式,即he/she/it→they,I→we
如:I am a student.→We arestudents.
③指示代词this→these,that→those
④am, is变为are。
(2)一去:
名词前的不定冠词a/an要去掉。
如:This is a ruler.→These arerulers.
(3)一保持:
原句中的形容词、定冠词、副词、疑问词、介词短语、情态动词等保持不变。
强化训练:It's red.(改为复数句)They are red.
例题：
1. (this) are his pens.
2. ( she) are my friends.
五、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Is this __________ (you) father
2. Those __________ (is) my grandparents.
3. __________ (this) are my parents.
4. These are my __________ (sister).
5. This is my brother. __________ (he) name is Tom.
6. Liu Juan's grandparents __________ (be) in Shanghai.
7. Are __________ (that) your rulers --No, they aren’t.
二、名词复数
可数名词的复数，表示两个或以上的人或物。
名词的复数构成可分为规则变化和不规则变化：
情况 加法 例词
一般情况 加-s brothers, sisters, schools ，books
以____________结尾的词 加-es buses, foxes, watches, dishes
以“_____________”结尾的词 变y为i再加-es lady→ladies ， country→countries(boys toys ways)
以o结尾的名词多数 加-s pianos, photos, zoos
少数以o结尾的名词 加-es heroes, Negroes ，tomatoes, potatoes
以__________结尾的名词多数 变f或fe为v,再加-es leaf →leaves ， wife→ wives knife →knives， wolf→ wolves
(1)规则变化：以加-s或-es的方式构成
例如：desk→ monkey→ box→ wife→
(2) 不规则变化（常见）
man → tooth → foot → woman→
child → goose → mouse → sheep→
(3) 单复数词形相同的词：sheep, fish, deer, Chinese, Japanese etc.
(4) 表示某国人的名词：中国人、日本人，复数不需加-s（Chinese, Japanese）
英国人、法国人，要把man变成men（Englishmen, Frenchmen）
一．写出下列名词的复数形式。
watch_____________ brush_____________ dress_____________
tooth_____________ mouse_____________ woman_____________
goose_____________ foot______________ sheep_____________
deer______________ child_____________ sandwich__________
学以致用--练
一、写出下列单词的复数形式。
1. am _____
2. is______
3. it _______
4. he_______
5. you _________
6. this______
7. day ____________
8. name__________
9. CD ________
10. grandparent_____________
一 按要求写出下列单词的相应形式
1. ruler ________(复数) 2. that __________ (复数)
3. this _________(复数) 4. bus _________(复数)
5. she __________(形容词性物主代词)
7. sister________(对应词) 8. are not___________(缩写)
9. these________(单数) 10. grandparent (复数)
一、单项选择。
( )1. What color are his
A. pen B. ruler C. jackets D. cup
( )2.—Are those her parents
— .
A. Yes,those are B. Yes,they're
C. Yes. they are D. They're her parents
( )3.— are Lucy and Lily.
— They' re my .
A. This;sister B. These;sisters
C. This;sisters D. These;sister
( )4.—— Is your family pho to
— Yes, it is. And are my brothers.
A. this;this B. this;these
C. these;this D. these;these
( )5.——Is this your book
— No, isn't.
A. this B. that C. it D. he
二、句型转换，每空一词。(含缩写)
1. This is a black pen.(改为复数句)
black .
2. Those are my rulers.(对画线部分提问)
3. Are those oranges (改为单数句)
that
4. This is my father. This is my mother.(合并为一句，句意不变)
are my .
5. They're my brothers.(改为单数句)
my .
三、根据汉语意思完成下列句子，每空一词。
1.那些是你们的杯子吗
your
2.请用英语说这些数字。
Please say in English.
3.我的两个好朋友在北京。
My two in Beijing.
4.这是我的家庭。
This my
5.它们是黄色的电话。
They' re .
八、完形填空
Look at this picture. This is a photo __1__ my family. There are __2__ people in the picture.They are my father, my mother, my brother, my sister and __3___. __4__ father is very happy everyday. My mother __5__ near(在.....旁边) my father. The boy beside( 在....旁边)my mother is my__6__ The __7__ near my mother is my little sister. __8__ is very clever and cute. Everyone likes her very much. Who is __9__ boy in the middle(在中间) Ah! It is me. __10__ love my family very much.
( )1. A. for B. on C. of
( )2. A. five B. six C.seven
( )3. A. me B. I C. you
( )4. A. My B. I C. His
( )5. A. are B. am C. is
( )6. A. sister B. grandfather C. brother
( )7. A. boy B. girl C. son
( )8. A. He B. She C. They
( )9. A.a B. these C.the
( )10. A. I B. Me C. My
速记口诀
男人、女人变一个；鹅、脚、牙齿变两个；
小孩后面加三个；中、日、绵羊、小鹿永不变。
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
单元语法精讲专练
典句导引--悟
根据汉语提示完成下列教材中的句子。
1. This is (这是) my friend Jane.
2. That is (那是) my grandfather.
3. These are (这些是) my brothers (哥哥们).
4. Those are (那些是) my parents (父母).
5. Who ’s she (她) She is (她是) my sister.6.— Who' re they (他们)
— They are (他们是) my grandparents (爷爷奶奶).
新知精讲--记
一、指示代词this,that,these,those
(1)this意为“__这个_____”,these意为“_____这些__”,指离说话人较近的人或事物。that意为“___那个___”,those意为“____那些___”,指离说话人较远的人或事物。
eg:Those are his parents.那些是他的父母。
(2)当this或that作主语时,be动词用_______is_____，后面的名词也用单数形式；当these或those作主语时，be动词用______are__________，后面的名词也要用复数形式。
(3)当介绍某人时,常用“This/That is…”,而不用“He/She is…”。
(4)当回答含有this或that作主语的问句,且this 或that指物时,应用it来代替句中的this或that。
(5)当回答含有these或those作主语的问句时,应用they来代替句中的these或those。
eg:—Are these your friends 这些是你朋友吗 —Yes,they are.是的,他们是。
单数句变复数句的规则
(1)四变:
①可数名词一般变为复数形式。
如:This is a ruler.→These are rulers.
【注意】名词修饰名词，表示“性质”时不变化；不可数名词无复数形式。
②主格人称代词通常变单数为
复数形式,即he/she/it→they,I→we
如:I am a student.→We arestudents.
③指示代词this→these,that→those
④am, is变为are。
(2)一去:
名词前的不定冠词a/an要去掉。
如:This is a ruler.→These arerulers.
(3)一保持:
原句中的形容词、定冠词、副词、疑问词、介词短语、情态动词等保持不变。
强化训练:It's red.(改为复数句)They are red.
例题：
1. These (this) are his pens.
2. They ( she) are my friends.
五、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Is this _______you r___ (you) father
2. Those ______are____ (is) my grandparents.
3. _____These_____ (this) are my parents.
4. These are my _______sisters___ (sister).
5. This is my brother. ______his____ (he) name is Tom.
6. Liu Juan's grandparents _____are_____ (be) in Shanghai.
7. Are ____those______ (that) your rulers --No, they aren’t.
二、名词复数
可数名词的复数，表示两个或以上的人或物。
名词的复数构成可分为规则变化和不规则变化：
情况 加法 例词
一般情况 加-s brothers, sisters, schools ，books
以____s x sh ch ________结尾的词 加-es buses, foxes, watches, dishes
以“_______辅音 y______”结尾的词 变y为i再加-es lady→ladies ， country→countries(boys toys ways)
以o结尾的名词多数 加-s pianos, photos, zoos
少数以o结尾的名词 加-es heroes, Negroes ，tomatoes, potatoes
以___f fe_______结尾的名词多数 变f或fe为v,再加-es leaf →leaves ， wife→ wives knife →knives， wolf→ wolves
(1)规则变化：以加-s或-es的方式构成
例如：desk→ desks monkey→ monkeys box→ boxes wife→ wives
(2) 不规则变化（常见）
man → men tooth → teeth foot → feet woman→womem
child → children goose → geese mouse → mi ce sheep→ sheep
(3) 单复数词形相同的词：sheep, fish, deer, Chinese, Japanese etc.
(4) 表示某国人的名词：中国人、日本人，复数不需加-s（Chinese, Japanese）
英国人、法国人，要把man变成men（Englishmen, Frenchmen）
一．写出下列名词的复数形式。
watch_____watches_brush_______brushes______ dress________dresses_____tooth__________teeth__mouse____mice_________ woman_________women____goose_________geese___foot_____feet_________ sheep_____sheep________deer_____deer_____child_______children______ sandwich_______sandwiches___
学以致用--练
一、写出下列单词的复数形式。
1. am ____are_
2. is___are___
3. it _____they__
4. he_______they
5. you ______you___
6. this______these
7. day ______da y s______
8. name______na me s____
9. CD _____CDs___
10. grandparent__________grandparents______
一 按要求写出下列单词的相应形式
1. ruler ____rulers____(复数) 2. that _______those___ (复数)
3. this _____these___(复数) 4. bus _______buses__(复数)
5. she _______her___(形容词性物主代词)
7. sister_____brother___(对应词) 8. are not________arent___(缩写)
9. these_____those___(单数) 10. grandparent grandparents (复数)
一、单项选择。
( C)1. What color are his
A. pen B. ruler C. jackets D. cup
( C )2.—Are those her parents
— .
A. Yes,those are B. Yes,they're
C. Yes. they are D. They're her parents
( B )3.— are Lucy and Lily.
— They' re my .
A. This;sister B. These;sisters
C. This;sisters D. These;sister
( B)4.—— Is your family pho to
— Yes, it is. And are my brothers.
A. this;this B. this;these
C. these;this D. these;these
( C )5.——Is this your book
— No, isn't.
A. this B. that C. it D. he
二、句型转换，每空一词。(含缩写)
1. This is a black pen.(改为复数句)
These are black pen s .
2. Those are my rulers.(对画线部分提问)
What are those
3. Are those oranges (改为单数句)
Is that orange
4. This is my father. This is my mother.(合并为一句，句意不变)
These are my parents .
5. They're my brothers.(改为单数句)
It is my brother .
三、根据汉语意思完成下列句子，每空一词。
1.那些是你们的杯子吗
Are those your cups
2.请用英语说这些数字。
Please say these numbers in English.
3.我的两个好朋友在北京。
My two good friends in Beijing.
4.这是我的家庭。
This is my family
5.它们是黄色的电话。
They' re yellow phone .
八、完形填空
Look at this picture. This is a photo __1__ my family. There are __2__ people in the picture.They are my father, my mother, my brother, my sister and __3___. __4__ father is very happy everyday. My mother __5__ near(在.....旁边) my father. The boy beside( 在....旁边)my mother is my__6__ The __7__ near my mother is my little sister. __8__ is very clever and cute. Everyone likes her very much. Who is __9__ boy in the middle(在中间) Ah! It is me. __10__ love my family very much.
( C)1. A. for B. on C. of
( A )2. A. five B. six C.seven
( A)3. A. me B. I C. you
( A )4. A. My B. I C. His
( C)5. A. are B. am C. is
( D )6. A. sister B. grandfather C. brother
( B)7. A. boy B. girl C. son
( B)8. A. He B. She C. They
( C)9. A.a B. these C.the
(A )10. A. I B. Me C. My
速记口诀
男人、女人变一个；鹅、脚、牙齿变两个；
小孩后面加三个；中、日、绵羊、小鹿永不变。
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
