南海区2022至2023学年第二学期高二素养提升学业水平测试
英语试卷
本试卷笔试部分满分130分，考试时间120分钟。
第一部分 听说考试(独立安排，满分20分)
第二部分 综合运用(共五节，满分65分)
第一节 课外阅读(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
A restaurant owner’s remarkable act of heroism saved many lives during a storm in Rolling Fork, Mississippi, which destroyed a local restaurant.
Tracy Harden, the owner of Chuck’s Dairy Bar, rushed her staff into a walk-in cooler moments before a tornado hit the establishment on Friday.
Harden spoke to Good Morning America reporter Robin Roberts on Monday alongside two employees, Barbara Pinkins and Carolyn Washington, who were both in the restaurant when the tornado hit.
As the horrible tornado tore through the local area, Harden said she only had a minute of advance notice before it came moving rapidly through the restaurant.
“I got two text messages back-to-back from my sister and my daughter in Vicksburg and they both said “There’s a tornado down, get to a safe place.’ At the same time I had my teenage cashier came running towards the back of the building saying, ‘My mother is on the phone and she said there is a tornado down here.’ At that point, most of us were towards the back of the building and the lights flickered(闪烁). And I just shouted, ‘Cooler!’ And my husband opened the cooler door and started pushing us in.”
Harden said that once her husband got them all inside, including himself, “he lost control of the door, the wind took the door and somehow he was able to get the door back.”
“Just before it shut, he looked up and he said, ‘I see the sky,’ so that let us know that this was way worse than anything we could have imagined,” she continued. “And the roof was gone.”
Pinkins, meanwhile, recalled the chaos(混乱场面)before the tornado touched the restaurant, as Harden led people to safety. She said she remembered hearing Harden say,“Calm down. Everybody gets to the cooler!”
“By the time we got to the cooler, I couldn’t hear anything but the ceiling falling,” Pinkins said through tears, hugging Harden.
1. Where was Harden when the tornado struck
A. In Chuck’s Dairy Bar.
B. In Vicksburg.
C. In Good Morning America station.
D. In Robin Roberts’ restaurant.
2. What can we infer about the tornado
A. It was slow but frightening.
B. It was the worst in local history.
C. Harden lost her husband because of it.
D. Harden received an advance notice about it.
3. Which of the following best describe Harden
A. Ambitious and energetic.
B. Brave and calm.
C. Optimistic and determined.
D. Selfless and tough.
4. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Methods to Survive a Tornado
B. Damage Brought by a Tornado
C. Restaurant Owner Saved her Staff from Tornado
D. Horrible Tornado Destroyed a Local Restaurant
B
A former police officer has become a real-life hero for dog owners in the United Kingdom. Phil James from Woodborough turned his hobby of flying drones (无人机) into a rescue operation to help reunite lost dogs with their owners. James started Drone to Home in 2020,and now he and the team have successfully rescued over 1,400 dogs.
When a pet goes missing, most owners are left to organize their own search and rescue mission and rely on the kindness of strangers. But for those near Drone to Home, one call can make a world of difference. The charity rescue operation works to locate lost dogs and return them back to their worried owners. With the help of drones, the team at Drone to Home can cover significant ground and search in areas that would take rescuers on foot much longer to scan.
Searching for a lost dog can be tricky business. Not only can dogs often outrun us humans but they can also find their way into inaccessible areas like thick forests. This can make finding and getting a lost animal back seem impossible. But thanks to the team at Drone to Home in the East Midlands area of England, these barriers are less of an issue.
Using thermal (热量的) drones, James and other drone pilots can cover serious ground in a short amount of time. The thermal camera works to discover warm areas, so a field that would take searchers on foot hours to cover can be searched in minutes.
Drone to Home also uses their networking skills to help the community keep a lookout for a lost dog. “As 2021 went by, it became clear I required help, so I created a Whatsapp group where volunteers could join and help me if they could spare the time. Drone to Home now has hundreds of volunteers who help share content on social media and assist on-ground searchers,” James said on the charity’s website.
5. What’s one advantage of drones in finding lost dogs
A. They can catch the dogs’ attention.
B. They can communicate with the dogs.
C. They can protect the dogs from being attacked.
D. They can search for the dogs in unreachable areas.
6. What can we know about thermal drones from paragraph 4
A. Their target users.
B. Their major function.
C. Their complex design.
D. Their potential market.
7. What can we learn about Drone to Home
A. It helps the lost dogs find new homes.
B. It trains volunteers to help the community.
C. It attracts many warm-hearted people to join.
D. It gives drone-lovers a chance to make money.
C
Ever think you’re getting enough sleep only to wake up tired It’s not just you-it happens to the best of us. Now, scientists say they have discovered the secret to waking up clear-headed and refreshed each and every morning.
According to a new study from the University of California, Berkeley, published in Nature Communications, beyond sleep quality, the second main feature predicting day-to-day changes in morning alertness (机敏) was the intensity of physical activity the day before. In particular, researchers found that when the extent of an individual’s physical activity was comparatively greater the day before, people felt more alert the next morning.
Another factor happens not on the day before or even the night before, but the that participants consumed for breakfast that explained their alertness levels. When individuals consumed the “high carbs”(高碳水)breakfast，they experienced higher levels of alertness.
Beyond the effects of the high carbohydrate meal itself, one of the strongest outcomes shown in the study was the marked reduction in alertness on days when participants consumed a lot of sugar. It may sound paradoxical that a lot of sugar predicts a drop in alertness and the high carb breakfast is linked to an increase in alertness. But, despite their common high carbohydrate content, there are key nutritional (营养的) differences between the high-carb and sugar meals.
Raphael Vallat first author of the study, said, “If you have better sleep quality, you’re going to see an increase in your alertness. If you run two kilometers on the day before, you’re going to see an increase. You can see improvements with each and every one of these factors.”
8. How can you wake up clear-headed according to the new study
A. Sleep alertly at night.
B. Eat a breakfast high in sugar.
C. Consume less high-carb food.
D. Do enough exercise the day before.
9. What does the underlined word “paradoxical” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Inconsistent.
B. Reasonable.
C. Familiar.
D. Obvious.
10. Which section of a newspaper is the text most probably taken from
A. Food.
B. Technology.
C. Health.
D. Sport.
第二节 选句填空(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It’s the holiday season, and you are on a long break from school and athletics. How do you make sure you stay fit during the holidays Follow the five tips to keep yourself moving during the holidays.
Have a plan. Create a plan for your training sessions. This can make sure you “complete X amount of workouts a week” and have workouts scheduled into your day. ____11____
Move. ____12____ This means getting up every 30-60 minutes to take a lap around the house, do a few push-ups or do anything to move your body. The worst thing you can do during this time off is to become sedentary (久坐的).
____13____ Instead of completing training sessions alone, invite your family and friends to help. Bring a friend to the gym with you so you can spend quality time while also getting in some movement. Go for a family walk after breakfast.
Get enough sleep and rest. Enough rest will reduce the risk of injury. What’s more, it wil1 provide a necessary mental reset. During the school year, you maintain a very busy schedule and sometimes sleep is not high on your priority list. While you have the time to rest, you should!____14____
Be realistic. This is the holiday season, after all! ____15____ You should expect to miss a session or two to sleep in a bit. Participating in the festivities and spending time with your friends and family will not affect your sport performance!
A. Exercise in the morning.
B. Make doing sports a social event.
C. Make sure you get in some sort of movement daily.
D. So don’t be too hard on yourself when it comes to exercise.
E. Eating healthily now will give you more energy throughout the day.
F. In addition, you are more likely to complete them without affecting other events.
G. Therefore, when you go back to school, your body and mind will be ready to work.
第三节 课内阅读(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
(一)单项选择(共1小题;满分2分)
阅读下面课内节选文本，从题目所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
16. Landslides and earthquakes are even more dangerous now than in the past because around half of the world’s population now live-in cities. Many people in cities and towns in South America and Asia are at risk from landslides. In April 2017,the city of Mocoa in Colombia was hit by a landslide, leaving many dead and injured. A great number of people live at risk from earthquakes too. These have claimed more than 1.6 million lives in the last hundred years.
Most disaster experts believe that things could get a lot worse. Professor Hou Ming of Peking University studies volcanoes. He warns that the world has not seen the worst yet. The worst eruption in human history was probably Mt Tambora in 1815,in Indonesia. Dust from the volcano rolled across the Earth’s skies. There was no summer in Europe and America the following year. But evidence shows that 73,000 years ago there was a much greater eruption. “It reduced temperatures by maybe 6°C in some places, and the whole planet was sent into winter for years. And there are about two of these events every 100,000 years...”
Why is Mt Tambora mentioned in the text
A. To demonstrate the world could get worse.
B. To show volcano eruptions have taken many lives.
C. To explain a natural disaster by showing an example.
D. To describe the worst volcano eruption in human history.
(二)不定项选择(共2小题;每小题2分，满分4分)
阅读下面课内节选文本，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出一个或多个正确的选项，漏选或多选不得分。
阅读下面课内节选文本，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出一个或多个正确的选项。
Ludwig van Beethoven was a German composer. He is regarded as one of the greatest composers in the history of music. In his twenties, he had been very famous for his skills on the piano, but then he began to lose his hearing. Beethoven thought about giving up, but in the end he continued to write music. Inspired by his struggles with deafness, the composer produced some amazing pieces, including his Symphony No.9 in D minor, whose debut(首次演出)was conducted by Beethoven himself.
Before the performance, the backstage atmosphere at a very famous theatre in Vienna was tense. Beethoven was afraid that the performance would be a disaster. After all, what use is a conductor who could not hear his orchestra-even if he is a musical genius
The audience didn’t hesitate to applaud as the famous composer walked onto the stage for the first time in 12 years. Despite being deaf, Beethoven energetically conducted the orchestra, together with the musical director, Michael Umlauf. To his surprise, the symphony was so successful that all the audience couldn’t help clapping and cheering.The audience was equally shocked to learn that the composer was deaf and still able to create such amazing music.
17. What was the inspiration for Beethoven’s works according to the text
A. His great skills on the piano.
B. The recognition from others.
C. The atmosphere in Germany.
D. His struggles with hearing loss.
18. How did Beethoven feel before the performance
A. Excited.
B. Worried.
C. Unconfident.
D. Disappointed.
(三)翻译句子(共2小题;每小题2分，满分4分)
结合所给段落信息，按照你的理解把下列两组划线句子翻译成中文。
19. I knew I had chosen a job with a lot of stress but I love what I do. The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to children’s minds when they are open and eager to learn. If what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult, then I know what I’m doing is worthwhile. As John Dewey, the famous educationalist, said, “Education is not preparation for life; education is life itself.”(划线句子英译汉)
20. The news of Scott’s death shocked the world. Even Amundsen was moved by Scott’s death saying “Captain Scott left a record, for honesty, sincerity, for bravery, for everything that makes a man”. Scott had failed to win the race to the Pole, but the great courage shown by Scott and his men made them heroes. (划线句子英译汉)
第四节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I sat behind the wheel of my dad’s car and tried to fight back my fear of driving. For years, my dad ____21____ me to and from work without any complaint. He knew I was ____22____ of driving, so he never pushed me. It seemed as if he actually liked driving me around and I____23____ it as much.
Now he pushed me to drive and I wondered what had caused this_____24_____. My chest started to feel as if someone was sitting on it, and it was becoming harder to ____25____. He put his hand on my shoulder to ____26____ me. “Just take a deep breath and start the car.” I____27____ and eased my way out of the parking lot and onto the street.
I couldn’t believe it. I was____28____ driving. I didn’t know why I was scared in the first place-until I saw a speed sign that someone had run over. Scenes of____29____ car crashes flashed into my mind. I held the wheel tightly.
“Remember your first cycle ride ” He tried to_____30_____ my fear. “You kept falling off but you were so_____31_____. I told you that you could do anything you set your mind to.”
“Why did you make me drive today ” I asked. He said, “My_____32_____ was poorer, and I even ran into a sign. It’s probably just my blood pressure again.” My dad once again eased my fear.
_____33_____, that was the last drive I had with my dad. It wasn’t his blood pressure; it was_____34_____ that had given him only a few months to live. I never_____35_____ driving. Every time I get behind the wheel, I could feel his comforting hand on my shoulder.
21. A. walked B. drove C. led D. helped
22. A. fond B. tired C. frightened D. proud
23. A. enjoyed B. forgot C. understood D. ignored
24. A. loss B. challenge C. disappointment D. change
25. A. ride B. fight C. breathe D. interrupt
26. A. comfort B. inspire C. defend D. inform
27. A. replied B. nodded C. admitted D. refused
28. A. actually B. unwillingly C. hardly D. immediately
29. A. thought-provoking B. life-threatening C. eye-catching D. brain-washing
30. A. feel B. notice C. relieve D. describe
31. A. brave B. scared C. smart D. anxious
32. A. memory B. strength C. situation D. eyesight
33. A. Helplessly B. Sadly C. Frankly D. Obviously
34. A. pressure B. headache C. cancer D. coughing
35. A. carried on B. thought of C. took up D. gave up
第五节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
William Dunn is the founder of Take a Kid Fishing, Inc., which is____36____ nonprofit organization in Lakeland, Forida. ____37____ (Inspire) by his strong relationship with his own father, William helps fatherless kids through the sport of fishing.
Several years ago, William____38____ (notice) his six-year-old neighbor, Camran, seemed angry. He rushed out of the house,____39____ (shout) at his mom. One day, William saw the boy outside and started a conversation. Camran shared that his dad wasn’t in his life. William asked Camran’s mom____40____ permission to take him fishing. Camran____41____ (attract) by that first trip. The two fished together several times a week, and William saw____42____ (extreme) positive changes in Camran’s behavior. “That’s when I realized that God was calling me ____43____ (help) fatherless kids,” he says.
Now William is teaching Camran’s friends and other kids in the neighborhood to fish. Many have never been fishing or even on a boat,____44____ William starts by teaching the basics. Then come the life lessons that fishing offers ____45____ (patient), teamwork, and the simple joy of relaxing in the outdoors.
第三部分 知识基础(共三节，满分35分)
第一节 单句语法填空(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
根据下列各句句意，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
46. They are a sign of our wishes for health and________ (happy) in the coming year.(所给词的适当形式填空)
47. There is little doubt that people with low EQs often have problems________ (get) on with other people. (所给词的适当形式填空)
48. These include the third mass extinction, known as the “Great Dying”, ________ killed 90% to 96% of all species.(用适当的词填空)
49. Every year, the moment I get on the train, I________ (surround) by Shanxi accents. (所给词的适当形式填空)
50. I thought________ strange that my teacher could not show me love. (用适当的词填空)
第二节 词义匹配(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
第一组
请匹配单词及其英文解释。
A.the building of sth B.the act of destroying sth C.a very strong feeling of love D.the feeling of being sorry for sb E.the state of being in a better position F.the best example of the artist’s work G.a sign that sth exists, especially sth bad
51. passion
52 sympathy
53. advantage
54 destruction
55. masterpiece
第二组
请匹配单词及其英文解释。
A.worth doing B.very surprising C.being the only one of its kind D.expecting good things to happen E.a prize for doing something well F.unable or unlikely to cause damage G. showing or feeling happiness or satisfaction
56. amazing
57. harmless
58. contented
59. optimistic
60. rewarding
第三组
请匹配单词及其英文解释。
A. a little B. the ability to see C. to increase or improve D. to meet sb or discover sth E. to allow sb to enter a place F. to like or respect very much G. to make sth impossible to do
61. admire
62. slightly
63. enhance
64. prohibit
65. encounter
第三节 词汇运用(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
Text 1
阅读下列文本，在空白处填入1个适当的单词(部分空有首字母或中文提示)。
For example, there are public advertisements, which____66____(鼓励) citizens to participate in improving their neighborhood, protecting the environment, and helping other people. Over the last ____67____(十年) , the government has sponsored advertisements to____68____(教育)the public on fighting AIDS, saving water, helping the poor, giving up smoking, etc. These advertisements have helped to increase public____69____(知识)about topics that used to be i____70____(忽略)by most people, and this has made our society a better place for everyone.
Text 2
阅读下列文本，在空白处填入1个适当的单词(部分空有首字母或中文提示)。
Most students feel their IQ, which refers to Intelligence Quotient, is what ____71____(决定) how well they are going to do in life, but new research suggests that EQ is a better way for____72____(预测) success. Professor Salovey says it is IQ that gets you e____73____ but it is EQ that gets you promoted.
Text 3
阅读下列文本，在空白处填入1个适当的单词(部分空有首字母或中文提示)。
Failures result in mental and emotional g____74____(成长). Curiosity drives us to____75____(探索), do more, solve problems and find solutions in our lives. Our thoughts and understanding of failures and successes s____76____(增强) in this growing period.
Text 4
阅读下列文本，在空白处填入1个适当的单词(部分空有首字母或中文提示)。
Steven Spielberg, a great filmmaker, who has won c____77____(无数的，数不尽的) awards and prizes for his____78____(贡献) towards film-making, suffered from several failures in his life. He was not able to get higher examination grades in schools during his____79____(童年). He was suspended three times from the University of Southern California. With passion and d____80____(投入，奉献), he went on to create some successful movies and won many awards including Oscars.
第四部分 书面表达(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 句子翻译(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
把下面句子翻译成英文。
81. 漫长的一天过后，我疲惫不堪，终于回到了自己的小窝。(汉译英)
82. 上周五，一场精彩的篮球赛在我校进行，吸引了众多学生观看。(汉译英)
83. 当Kathy到家时，她妈妈正在焦急地等待着她。(汉译英)
84. 就在那一刻，Helen终于明白了“love”这个词的真正含义。(汉译英)
85. 这对我而言是一次很棒的经历，从中我学会了要尊重他人。(汉译英)
第二节 应用文写作(满分15分)
86. 你校英文报正在进行主题为“电子书(e-book)与纸质书哪一种更好 ”的征文。请你写一篇短文投稿，陈述你的观点并说明理由。
注意：1．词数80左右;
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________南海区2022至2023学年第二学期高二素养提升学业水平测试
英语试卷
本试卷笔试部分满分130分，考试时间120分钟。
第一部分 听说考试(独立安排，满分20分)
第二部分 综合运用(共五节，满分65分)
第一节 课外阅读(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
A restaurant owner’s remarkable act of heroism saved many lives during a storm in Rolling Fork, Mississippi, which destroyed a local restaurant.
Tracy Harden, the owner of Chuck’s Dairy Bar, rushed her staff into a walk-in cooler moments before a tornado hit the establishment on Friday.
Harden spoke to Good Morning America reporter Robin Roberts on Monday alongside two employees, Barbara Pinkins and Carolyn Washington, who were both in the restaurant when the tornado hit.
As the horrible tornado tore through the local area, Harden said she only had a minute of advance notice before it came moving rapidly through the restaurant.
“I got two text messages back-to-back from my sister and my daughter in Vicksburg and they both said, “There’s a tornado down, get to a safe place.’ At the same time I had my teenage cashier came running towards the back of the building saying, ‘My mother is on the phone and she said there is a tornado down here.’ At that point, most of us were towards the back of the building and the lights flickered(闪烁). And I just shouted, ‘Cooler!’ And my husband opened the cooler door and started pushing us in.”
Harden said that once her husband got them all inside, including himself, “he lost control of the door, the wind took the door and somehow he was able to get the door back.”
“Just before it shut, he looked up and he said, ‘I see the sky,’ so that let us know that this was way worse than anything we could have imagined,” she continued. “And the roof was gone.”
Pinkins, meanwhile, recalled the chaos(混乱场面)before the tornado touched the restaurant, as Harden led people to safety. She said she remembered hearing Harden say,“Calm down. Everybody gets to the cooler!”
“By the time we got to the cooler, I couldn’t hear anything but the ceiling falling,” Pinkins said through tears, hugging Harden.
1. Where was Harden when the tornado struck
A. In Chuck’s Dairy Bar.
B. In Vicksburg.
C. In Good Morning America station.
D. In Robin Roberts’ restaurant.
2. What can we infer about the tornado
A. It was slow but frightening.
B. It was the worst in local history.
C. Harden lost her husband because of it.
D. Harden received an advance notice about it.
3. Which of the following best describe Harden
A. Ambitious and energetic.
B. Brave and calm.
C. Optimistic and determined.
D. Selfless and tough.
4. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Methods to Survive a Tornado
B. Damage Brought by a Tornado
C. Restaurant Owner Saved her Staff from Tornado
D. Horrible Tornado Destroyed a Local Restaurant
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了餐馆老板Harden在龙卷风袭来时救她的员工的故事。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二自然段“Tracy Harden, the owner of Chuck’s Dairy Bar (Tracy Harden，Chuck’s Dairy Bar的老板)”可知，Tracy Harden是Chuck’s Dairy Bar的老板。根据第三自然段“Harden spoke to Good Morning America reporter Robin Roberts on Monday alongside two employees, Barbara Pinkins and Carolyn Washington, who were both in the restaurant when the tornado hit. (周一，Harden与两名员工Barbara Pinkins和Carolyn Washington一起接受了《早安美国》记者Robin Roberts的采访，龙卷风袭击时他们都在餐厅。)”可知，龙卷风袭击时Harden在Chuck’s Dairy Bar。故选A。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四自然段“As the horrible tornado tore through the local area, Harden said she only had a minute of advance notice before it came moving rapidly through the restaurant. (当可怕的龙卷风席卷当地时，Harden说，她只提前一分钟接到通知，龙卷风就迅速席卷了餐厅。)”可知，Harden事先收到了关于龙卷风的通知。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五自然段“At that point, most of us were towards the back of the building and the lights flickered(闪烁). And I just shouted, ‘Cooler!’ And my husband opened the cooler door and started pushing us in.”(当时，我们大多数人都朝着大楼后面走去，灯闪烁着。我只是喊道：“冷藏柜！”然后我丈夫打开冷藏柜门，开始了把我们推进去。”)”和倒数第二段“She said she remembered hearing Harden say, “Calm down. Everybody gets to the cooler!”(她说，她记得听到Harden说：“冷静点。每个人都去冷藏柜！”)”可知，在龙卷风袭来时表现得勇敢且冷静。故选B。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一自然段“A restaurant owner’s remarkable act of heroism saved many lives during a storm in Rolling Fork, Mississippi, which destroyed a local restaurant. (在密西西比州Rolling Fork的一场风暴中，一位餐馆老板的非凡英雄主义行为挽救了许多人的生命，这场风暴摧毁了当地的一家餐馆。)”可知，本文主要讲述了餐馆老板Harden在龙卷风袭来时救人的故事。C项“Restaurant Owner Saved her Staff from Tornado (餐馆老板从龙卷风中拯救了她的员工)”最能概括本文主旨，最适合作本文标题。故选C。
B
A former police officer has become a real-life hero for dog owners in the United Kingdom. Phil James from Woodborough turned his hobby of flying drones (无人机) into a rescue operation to help reunite lost dogs with their owners. James started Drone to Home in 2020,and now he and the team have successfully rescued over 1,400 dogs.
When a pet goes missing, most owners are left to organize their own search and rescue mission and rely on the kindness of strangers. But for those near Drone to Home, one call can make a world of difference. The charity rescue operation works to locate lost dogs and return them back to their worried owners. With the help of drones, the team at Drone to Home can cover significant ground and search in areas that would take rescuers on foot much longer to scan.
Searching for a lost dog can be tricky business. Not only can dogs often outrun us humans, but they can also find their way into inaccessible areas like thick forests. This can make finding and getting a lost animal back seem impossible. But thanks to the team at Drone to Home in the East Midlands area of England, these barriers are less of an issue.
Using thermal (热量的) drones, James and other drone pilots can cover serious ground in a short amount of time. The thermal camera works to discover warm areas, so a field that would take searchers on foot hours to cover can be searched in minutes.
Drone to Home also uses their networking skills to help the community keep a lookout for a lost dog. “As 2021 went by, it became clear I required help, so I created a Whatsapp group where volunteers could join and help me if they could spare the time. Drone to Home now has hundreds of volunteers who help share content on social media and assist on-ground searchers,” James said on the charity’s website.
5. What’s one advantage of drones in finding lost dogs
A. They can catch the dogs’ attention.
B. They can communicate with the dogs.
C. They can protect the dogs from being attacked.
D. They can search for the dogs in unreachable areas.
6. What can we know about thermal drones from paragraph 4
A. Their target users.
B. Their major function.
C. Their complex design.
D. Their potential market.
7. What can we learn about Drone to Home
A. It helps the lost dogs find new homes.
B. It trains volunteers to help the community.
C. It attracts many warm-hearted people to join.
D. It gives drone-lovers a chance to make money.
【答案】5. D 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是来自Woodborough的Phil James把他驾驶无人机的爱好变成了一项救援行动，帮助走失的狗和它们的主人团聚。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Not only can dogs often outrun us humans, but they can also find their way into inaccessible areas like thick forests. This can make finding and getting a lost animal back seem impossible. But thanks to the team at Drone to Home in the East Midlands area of England, these barriers are less of an issue.(狗不仅能跑得比人类快，而且还能找到进入人迹罕至的地区，比如茂密的森林。这使得寻找和找回丢失的动物似乎是不可能的。但多亏了英国East Midlands地区的Drone to Home公司的团队，这些障碍已经不再是问题了)”可知，无人机在寻找走失狗狗方面的优势是可以在无法到达的地方寻找狗。故选D。
6题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段的“Using thermal (热量的) drones, James and other drone pilots can cover serious ground in a short amount of time. The thermal camera works to discover warm areas, so a field that would take searchers on foot hours to cover can be searched in minutes.(使用热无人机，詹姆斯和其他无人机飞行员可以在短时间内覆盖严重的地面。热像仪的工作原理是发现温暖的区域，因此搜索人员需要步行数小时才能搜索到的区域可以在几分钟内搜索到)”可知，第四段主要讲的是热无人机的主要功能，因此从这一段我们可以了解到热无人机的主要功能，故选B。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Drone to Home also uses their networking skills to help the community keep a lookout for a lost dog. “As 2021 went by, it became clear I required help, so I created a Whatsapp group where volunteers could join and help me if they could spare the time. Drone to Home now has hundreds of volunteers who help share content on social media and assist on-ground searchers,” James said on the charity’s website.(Drone to Home还利用他们的网络技能帮助社区寻找走失的狗。“随着2021年的过去，很明显我需要帮助，所以我创建了一个Whatsapp群，志愿者可以加入并帮助我，如果他们有时间的话。Drone to Home现在有数百名志愿者帮助在社交媒体上分享内容，并协助地面搜索人员，”詹姆斯在慈善网站上说)”可知，Drone to Home吸引了许多热心的人加入。故选C。
C
Ever think you’re getting enough sleep only to wake up tired It’s not just you-it happens to the best of us. Now, scientists say they have discovered the secret to waking up clear-headed and refreshed each and every morning.
According to a new study from the University of California, Berkeley, published in Nature Communications, beyond sleep quality, the second main feature predicting day-to-day changes in morning alertness (机敏) was the intensity of physical activity the day before. In particular, researchers found that when the extent of an individual’s physical activity was comparatively greater the day before, people felt more alert the next morning.
Another factor happens not on the day before or even the night before, but the that participants consumed for breakfast that explained their alertness levels. When individuals consumed the “high carbs”(高碳水)breakfast，they experienced higher levels of alertness.
Beyond the effects of the high carbohydrate meal itself, one of the strongest outcomes shown in the study was the marked reduction in alertness on days when participants consumed a lot of sugar. It may sound paradoxical that a lot of sugar predicts a drop in alertness and the high carb breakfast is linked to an increase in alertness. But, despite their common high carbohydrate content, there are key nutritional (营养的) differences between the high-carb and sugar meals.
Raphael Vallat, first author of the study, said, “If you have better sleep quality, you’re going to see an increase in your alertness. If you run two kilometers on the day before, you’re going to see an increase. You can see improvements with each and every one of these factors.”
8. How can you wake up clear-headed according to the new study
A. Sleep alertly at night.
B. Eat a breakfast high in sugar.
C. Consume less high-carb food.
D. Do enough exercise the day before.
9. What does the underlined word “paradoxical” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Inconsistent.
B. Reasonable.
C. Familiar.
D. Obvious.
10. Which section of a newspaper is the text most probably taken from
A. Food.
B. Technology.
C. Health.
D. Sport.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述的是如何保持早晨的警觉度，研究人员发现在睡眠质量不变的情况下，身体活动强度会影响清晨的清醒程度，当个人身体活动量比较大时，第二天早上人们会感觉更加清醒。此外，饮食对清晨警觉度也有影响。当个体摄入高碳水早餐时，会感到更加清醒，但如果摄入大量的糖，会导致警觉度的显著降低。因此，人们需要在日常生活中注重身体锻炼和健康饮食，这对保持清醒、改善睡眠质量等方面都有积极的影响。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“According to a new study from the University of California, Berkeley, published in Nature Communications, beyond sleep quality, the second main feature predicting day-to-day changes in morning alertness(机敏)was the intensity of physical activity the day before. In particular, researchers found that when the extent of an individual’s physical activity was comparatively greater the day before, people felt more alert the next morning. (根据加州大学伯克利分校发表在《自然通讯》上的一项新研究，除了睡眠质量之外，预测早晨警觉性日常变化的第二个主要特征是前一天的身体活动强度。特别是，研究人员发现，当一个人前一天的身体活动程度相对较大时，人们第二天早上会感到更加警觉)”可知，除了睡眠质量，预测每天清晨警觉度变化的第二个主要特征是前一天的身体活动强度。研究人员发现，当个人的身体活动量比较大时，第二天早上人们会感觉更加清醒。故选D项。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段中“a lot of sugar predicts a drop in alertness and the high carb breakfast is linked to an increase in alertness(营养的) differences between the high-carb and sugar meals. (大量的糖预测警觉性下降，而高碳水化合物早餐与警觉性的提高有关)”可知，两个食品虽然都有高碳水化合物的成分，但会引起不同的反应。推测该单词的意思是“矛盾的、自相矛盾的”。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。文章主要是探讨在日常生活中如何保持清醒的话题，着重讲述了身体活动和饮食对清晨警觉度的影响。因此，文章所属的主题是“健康”。故选C项。
第二节 选句填空(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It’s the holiday season, and you are on a long break from school and athletics. How do you make sure you stay fit during the holidays Follow the five tips to keep yourself moving during the holidays.
Have a plan. Create a plan for your training sessions. This can make sure you “complete X amount of workouts a week” and have workouts scheduled into your day. ____11____
Move. ____12____ This means getting up every 30-60 minutes to take a lap around the house, do a few push-ups or do anything to move your body. The worst thing you can do during this time off is to become sedentary (久坐的).
____13____ Instead of completing training sessions alone, invite your family and friends to help. Bring a friend to the gym with you so you can spend quality time while also getting in some movement. Go for a family walk after breakfast.
Get enough sleep and rest. Enough rest will reduce the risk of injury. What’s more, it wil1 provide a necessary mental reset. During the school year, you maintain a very busy schedule and sometimes sleep is not high on your priority list. While you have the time to rest, you should!____14____
Be realistic. This is the holiday season, after all! ____15____ You should expect to miss a session or two to sleep in a bit. Participating in the festivities and spending time with your friends and family will not affect your sport performance!
A. Exercise in the morning.
B. Make doing sports a social event.
C. Make sure you get in some sort of movement daily.
D. So don’t be too hard on yourself when it comes to exercise.
E. Eating healthily now will give you more energy throughout the day.
F. In addition, you are more likely to complete them without affecting other events.
G. Therefore, when you go back to school, your body and mind will be ready to work.
【答案】11. F 12. C 13. B 14. G 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者提供了五个小技巧来确保您在假期期间保持运动。这些技巧包括策划计划、经常运动、以运动作为社交活动、获得足够的睡眠和休息、并保持实事求是的态度。
【11题详解】
根据前文“Have a plan. Create a plan for your training sessions. This can make sure you “complete X amount of workouts a week” and have workouts scheduled into your day. (策划计划。为您的训练制定一个计划。这可以确保您每周完成指定次数的锻炼，并使锻炼计划安排在您的每一天中)”可知，要定制锻炼计划，且要完成，前提是在不影响其他事情的情况下，F项“In addition, you are more likely to complete them without affecting other events. (此外，您更有可能在不影响其他事件的情况下完成它们)”符合语境，故选F项。
【12题详解】
根据前文“Move(运动)”和下文“This means getting up every 30-60 minutes to take a lap around the house, do a few push-ups or do anything to move your body. The worst thing you can do during this time off is to become sedentary(久坐的) (这意味着每隔30至60分钟起来，绕着房子走一圈，做几个俯卧撑或做任何让身体动起来的事情。在这个假期不动弹是最糟糕的事情。在这句话中，作者强调了假日期间运动身体的重要性，并建议您每隔30至60分钟起来做一些轻松的运动或者绕房子走一圈)”可知作者强调了假日期间运动身体的重要性，并建议您每隔30至60分钟起来做一些轻松的运动或者绕房子走一圈。C项“Make sure you get in some sort of movement daily. (每天确保进行某种运动)”符合题意，故选C项。
【13题详解】
空处为主旨句，根据下文“Instead of completing training sessions alone, invite your family and friends to help. Bring a friend to the gym with you so you can spend quality time while also getting in some movement. Go for a family walk after breakfast. (与其单独完成培训课程，不如邀请您的家人和朋友提供帮助。带朋友去健身房，这样您就可以度过美好的时光，同时还可以锻炼身体。早餐后去家庭散步)”可知，作者建议您通过邀请家人和朋友一起参加运动项目，将锻炼变成社交活动。B项“Make doing sports a social event. (让体育活动成为一种社交活动)”符合题意，故选B项。
【14题详解】
根据前文“During the school year, you maintain a very busy schedule and sometimes sleep is not high on your priority list. While you have the time to rest, you should! (在学年期间，您保持非常繁忙的日程安排，有时睡眠不是您的优先事项。因此，当您有时间休息时，您应该好好休息)”可知，作者强调了假期期间获取足够的睡眠和休息的重要性。空处位于段末，应承接上文陈述获得足够睡眠和休息的好处，G项“Therefore, when you go back to school, your body and mind will be ready to work. (因此，当你回到学校时，你的身心将准备好工作)”符合题意。故选G项。
【15题详解】
根据空前“Be realistic. This is the holiday season, after all! (要实事求是。毕竟，这是假期！)”与空后“You should expect to miss a session or two to sleep in a bit. Participating in the festivities and spending time with your friends and family will not affect your sport performance! (您应该会错过一两次会议才能入睡一会儿。参加庆祝活动并与朋友和家人共度时光不会影响您的运动表现！)”可知，作者建议您在假日期间对锻炼保持实事求是的态度。错过一两个锻炼来与家人和朋友享受节日也没有关系，与D项“So don’t be too hard on yourself when it comes to exercise. (所以在锻炼方面不要对自己太苛刻)”符合题意，故选D项。
第三节 课内阅读(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
(一)单项选择(共1小题;满分2分)
阅读下面课内节选文本，从题目所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
16. Landslides and earthquakes are even more dangerous now than in the past because around half of the world’s population now live-in cities. Many people in cities and towns in South America and Asia are at risk from landslides. In April 2017,the city of Mocoa in Colombia was hit by a landslide, leaving many dead and injured. A great number of people live at risk from earthquakes too. These have claimed more than 1.6 million lives in the last hundred years.
Most disaster experts believe that things could get a lot worse. Professor Hou Ming of Peking University studies volcanoes. He warns that the world has not seen the worst yet. The worst eruption in human history was probably Mt Tambora in 1815,in Indonesia. Dust from the volcano rolled across the Earth’s skies. There was no summer in Europe and America the following year. But evidence shows that 73,000 years ago there was a much greater eruption. “It reduced temperatures by maybe 6°C in some places, and the whole planet was sent into winter for years. And there are about two of these events every 100,000 years...”
Why is Mt Tambora mentioned in the text
A. To demonstrate the world could get worse.
B. To show volcano eruptions have taken many lives.
C. To explain a natural disaster by showing an example.
D. To describe the worst volcano eruption in human history.
【答案】A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文从自然灾害角度出发，说明世界可能会变得更糟糕。
【详解】推理判断题。通读第二段可知，首句“Most disaster experts believe that things could get a lot worse. (大多数灾难专家认为情况可能会变得更糟。)”为本段主旨句。根据本段“He warns that the world has not seen the worst yet. The worst eruption in human history was probably Mt Tambora in 1815,in Indonesia(他警告说，世界还没有出现最糟糕的情况。人类历史上最严重的火山喷发可能是1815年在印度尼西亚的坦博拉火山）；But evidence shows that 73,000 years ago there was a much greater eruption.（但有证据表明，73000年前有一次更大的火山喷发）以及“And there are about two of these events every 100,000 years...”（大约每10万年就有两次这样的事件……)”可知，文中提到坦博拉山是为了说明世界可能会出现更糟糕的情况。故选A。
(二)不定项选择(共2小题;每小题2分，满分4分)
阅读下面课内节选文本，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出一个或多个正确的选项，漏选或多选不得分。
阅读下面课内节选文本，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出一个或多个正确的选项。
Ludwig van Beethoven was a German composer. He is regarded as one of the greatest composers in the history of music. In his twenties, he had been very famous for his skills on the piano, but then he began to lose his hearing. Beethoven thought about giving up, but in the end he continued to write music. Inspired by his struggles with deafness, the composer produced some amazing pieces, including his Symphony No.9 in D minor, whose debut(首次演出)was conducted by Beethoven himself.
Before the performance, the backstage atmosphere at a very famous theatre in Vienna was tense. Beethoven was afraid that the performance would be a disaster. After all, what use is a conductor who could not hear his orchestra-even if he is a musical genius
The audience didn’t hesitate to applaud as the famous composer walked onto the stage for the first time in 12 years. Despite being deaf, Beethoven energetically conducted the orchestra, together with the musical director, Michael Umlauf. To his surprise, the symphony was so successful that all the audience couldn’t help clapping and cheering.The audience was equally shocked to learn that the composer was deaf and still able to create such amazing music.
17. What was the inspiration for Beethoven’s works according to the text
A. His great skills on the piano.
B. The recognition from others.
C. The atmosphere in Germany.
D. His struggles with hearing loss.
18. How did Beethoven feel before the performance
A. Excited.
B. Worried.
C. Unconfident.
D. Disappointed.
【答案】17. D 18. BC
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章讲述了德国著名的作曲家贝多芬在失聪后没有放弃音乐，继续努力，终于在多年后，在维也纳的一家著名剧院成功地指挥乐队完成演出的一段经历。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Inspired by his struggles with deafness, the composer produced some amazing pieces, including his Symphony No.9 in D minor, whose debut(首次演出)was conducted by Beethoven himself.”（在与耳聋斗争的激励下，这位作曲家创作了一些令人惊叹的作品，包括他的D小调第九交响曲，首演由贝多芬亲自指挥）可知，贝多芬的许多作品都是受到了他与失去听力作斗争的激励和启发所创作。故选D。
【18题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Beethoven was afraid that the performance would be a disaster. After all, what use is a conductor who could not hear his orchestra-even if he is a musical genius ”（贝多芬担心这次演出会是一场灾难。毕竟，一个听不到自己管弦乐队演奏的指挥有什么用——即使他是一个音乐天才？）可知，演出前，贝多芬感到很担忧，担心人们不认可一个双耳失聪的指挥，对自己缺乏自信。故选BC。
(三)翻译句子(共2小题;每小题2分，满分4分)
结合所给段落信息，按照你的理解把下列两组划线句子翻译成中文。
19. I knew I had chosen a job with a lot of stress but I love what I do. The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to children’s minds when they are open and eager to learn. If what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult, then I know what I’m doing is worthwhile. As John Dewey, the famous educationalist, said, “Education is not preparation for life; education is life itself.”(划线句子英译汉)
【答案】做教师意味着，你有机会在孩子敞开心扉、渴望学习的时候，走进他们的心灵。
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句，时间状语从句。“The thing about being a teacher”为主语，意为“关于做教师这件事”；“is”为系动词；that引导表语从句；“have access to”为固定搭配，意为“进入……的机会或权利”；“children’s minds”为宾语，意为“孩子们的心灵”；when引导时间状语从句；“they are open”为主系表结构，意为“他们敞开心扉”；“eager to learn”为并列表语，意为“渴望学习”。故翻译为：做教师意味着，你有机会在孩子敞开心扉、渴望学习的时候，走进他们的心灵。
20. The news of Scott’s death shocked the world. Even Amundsen was moved by Scott’s death saying “Captain Scott left a record, for honesty, sincerity, for bravery, for everything that makes a man”. Scott had failed to win the race to the Pole, but the great courage shown by Scott and his men made them heroes. (划线句子英译汉)
【答案】斯科特没能赢得奔向南极的比赛，但他和他的队员表现出的巨大勇气使他们成为了英雄。
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构。分析句子可知，本句是连词but连接的并列句。第一个分句的主语是Scott “斯科特”，failed“失败”是谓语动词，to win the race to the Pole“赢得奔向南极的比赛”是用不定式作宾语；第二个分句的主语是the great courage “巨大的勇气”，shown by Scott and his men“他和他的队员表现出的”是过去分词短语作后置定语，made“使”是谓语动词，them作宾语，heroes“英雄”是名词作宾语补足语。故本句可译为：斯科特没能赢得奔向南极的比赛，但他和他的队员表现出的巨大勇气使他们成为了英雄。
第四节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I sat behind the wheel of my dad’s car and tried to fight back my fear of driving. For years, my dad ____21____ me to and from work without any complaint. He knew I was ____22____ of driving, so he never pushed me. It seemed as if he actually liked driving me around and I____23____ it as much.
Now he pushed me to drive and I wondered what had caused this_____24_____. My chest started to feel as if someone was sitting on it, and it was becoming harder to ____25____. He put his hand on my shoulder to ____26____ me. “Just take a deep breath and start the car.” I____27____ and eased my way out of the parking lot and onto the street.
I couldn’t believe it. I was____28____ driving. I didn’t know why I was scared in the first place-until I saw a speed sign that someone had run over. Scenes of____29____ car crashes flashed into my mind. I held the wheel tightly.
“Remember your first cycle ride ” He tried to_____30_____ my fear. “You kept falling off but you were so_____31_____. I told you that you could do anything you set your mind to.”
“Why did you make me drive today ” I asked. He said, “My_____32_____ was poorer, and I even ran into a sign. It’s probably just my blood pressure again.” My dad once again eased my fear.
_____33_____, that was the last drive I had with my dad. It wasn’t his blood pressure; it was_____34_____ that had given him only a few months to live. I never_____35_____ driving. Every time I get behind the wheel, I could feel his comforting hand on my shoulder.
21. A. walked B. drove C. led D. helped
22. A. fond B. tired C. frightened D. proud
23. A. enjoyed B. forgot C. understood D. ignored
24. A. loss B. challenge C. disappointment D. change
25. A. ride B. fight C. breathe D. interrupt
26. A. comfort B. inspire C. defend D. inform
27. A. replied B. nodded C. admitted D. refused
28. A. actually B. unwillingly C. hardly D. immediately
29. A. thought-provoking B. life-threatening C. eye-catching D. brain-washing
30. A. feel B. notice C. relieve D. describe
31. A. brave B. scared C. smart D. anxious
32. A. memory B. strength C. situation D. eyesight
33. A. Helplessly B. Sadly C. Frankly D. Obviously
34. A. pressure B. headache C. cancer D. coughing
35. A. carried on B. thought of C. took up D. gave up
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了多年来，作者的父亲开车送作者上下班，没有任何抱怨，但是突然间他强迫作者开车，鼓励作者克服恐惧。随后作者才知道是父亲身患癌症，所以才强迫作者开车。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，我父亲开车送我上下班，没有任何抱怨。A. walked走路；B. drove开车；C. led带领；D. helped帮助。由上文“I sat behind the wheel of my dad’s car and tried to fight back my fear of driving.(我坐在爸爸的车的方向盘后面，试图克服对开车的恐惧)”和下文“to and from work without any complaint”可知，作者的爸爸开车送作者上下班，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他知道我害怕开车，所以他从不强迫我。A. fond喜欢的；B. tired疲倦的；C. frightened害怕的；D. proud骄傲的。由上文“fight back my fear of driving”可知，作者害怕开车，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他好像真的很喜欢开车带我四处转转，我也一样喜欢。A. enjoyed喜欢；B. forgot忘记；C. understood理解；D. ignored忽视。由上文“It seemed as if he actually liked driving me around”和下文“it as much”可知，作者喜欢爸爸开车带他四处转转，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在他强迫我开车，我想知道是什么导致了这种变化。A. loss丢失；B. challenge挑战；C. disappointment失望；D. change变化。上文“he never pushed me”提到爸爸之前从来不强迫作者开车，但是如今却强迫作者开车，这是一种变化，故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的胸口开始感觉好像有人坐在上面，呼吸越来越困难。A. ride骑行；B. fight斗争；C. breathe呼吸；D. interrupt打断。由上文“My chest started to feel as if someone was sitting on it,”可知，此处指呼吸困难，故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把手放在我的肩膀上安慰我。A. comfort安慰；B. inspire鼓舞；C. defend保卫；D. inform通知。由下文“Just take a deep breath and start the car.(深呼吸，发动汽车)”可知，爸爸在安慰作者，故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我点点头，小心翼翼地走出停车场，来到街上。A. replied回复；B. nodded点头；C. admitted承认；D. refused拒绝。由上文“Just take a deep breath and start the car.(深呼吸，发动汽车)”可知，爸爸安慰作者，并告诉他发动汽车，于是作者点点头回应，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我竟然在开车。A. actually事实上；竟然；B. unwillingly不乐意地；C. hardly几乎不；D. immediately立即。由上文“I couldn’t believe it.”可知，作者不相信自己在开车，所以此处指竟然在开车，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：危及生命的车祸场景闪现在我的脑海中。A. thought-provoking引人深思的；B. life-threatening威胁生命的；C. eye-catching引人注目的；D. brain-washing洗脑的。由下文“car crashes”可知，危及生命的车祸场景闪现在作者的脑海中，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他试图减轻我的恐惧。A. feel感觉；B. notice注意到；C. relieve减轻；D. describe描述。由上文“Remember your first cycle ride ”可知，爸爸通过作者第一次骑自行车的经历来安慰作者，减轻作者的恐惧，故选C。
31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你一直摔下去，但你很勇敢。A. brave勇敢的；B. scared害怕的；C. smart聪明的；D. anxious焦虑的。由but可知，前后是转折关系，作者在小时候骑自行车时，一直会摔下去，但是作者依旧很勇敢，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的视力变差了，我甚至撞上了路标。A. memory记忆力；B. strength力气；C. situation情况；D. eyesight视力。由下文“and I even ran into a sign.”可知，爸爸说自己视力不好了，有时候甚至撞上路标。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：很遗憾，那是我和我爸爸最后一次开车了。A. Helplessly无助地；B. Sadly伤心地；令人遗憾地；C. Frankly坦诚地；D. Obviously显然，明显地。由下文“that was the last drive I had with my dad”可知，那是作者和爸爸最后一次开车，所以说很遗憾，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不是他的血压问题，是癌症让他只有几个月的生命。A. pressure压力；B. headache头疼；C. cancer癌症；D. coughing咳嗽。由下文“that had given him only a few months to live.”可知，作者爸爸身患癌症，所以只有几个月的生命。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我从没放弃过开车。A. carried on继续进行；B. thought of想起；C. took up占据；D. gave up放弃。由下文“Every time I get behind the wheel”可知，作者没有放弃开车，故选D。
第五节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
William Dunn is the founder of Take a Kid Fishing, Inc., which is____36____ nonprofit organization in Lakeland, Forida. ____37____ (Inspire) by his strong relationship with his own father, William helps fatherless kids through the sport of fishing.
Several years ago, William____38____ (notice) his six-year-old neighbor, Camran, seemed angry. He rushed out of the house,____39____ (shout) at his mom. One day, William saw the boy outside and started a conversation. Camran shared that his dad wasn’t in his life. William asked Camran’s mom____40____ permission to take him fishing. Camran____41____ (attract) by that first trip. The two fished together several times a week, and William saw____42____ (extreme) positive changes in Camran’s behavior. “That’s when I realized that God was calling me ____43____ (help) fatherless kids,” he says.
Now William is teaching Camran’s friends and other kids in the neighborhood to fish. Many have never been fishing or even on a boat,____44____ William starts by teaching the basics. Then come the life lessons that fishing offers ____45____ (patient), teamwork, and the simple joy of relaxing in the outdoors.
【答案】36. a 37. Inspired
38. noticed
39. shouting
40. for 41. was attracted
42. extremely
43. to help
44. so##and
45. patience
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是William Dunn通过钓鱼运动帮助没有父亲的孩子的事迹。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：William Dunn是佛罗里达州Lakeland的非营利组织Take a Kid Fishing, Inc.的创始人。organization是可数名词，表泛指，前面加不定冠词，nonprofit是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：受他与自己父亲深厚关系的启发，William通过钓鱼运动帮助没有父亲的孩子。句中谓语是helps，空格处用非谓语动词，由by可知，空格处用过去分词表被动，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Inspired。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：几年前，William注意到他六岁的邻居Camran看起来很生气。由Several years ago可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式。故填noticed。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他冲出房子，冲他妈妈大喊大叫。句中谓语是rushed，空格处用非谓语动词，He和shout之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动。故填shouting。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：William请求Camran的妈妈允许他带他去钓鱼。ask sb. for sth.是固定短语，意为“向某人要某物”，因此空格处是介词for。故填for。
【41题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：Camran被第一次旅行所吸引。由by可知，句子用被动语态，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态was/were done，主语Camran是单数，因此空格处是was attracted。故填was attracted。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：两人每周一起钓鱼几次，William发现Camran的行为发生了非常积极的变化。空格处用副词修饰形容词positive，extreme的副词是extremely，意为“非常”。故填extremely。
【43题详解】
考查不定式。句意：那时我意识到上帝呼召我去帮助没有父亲的孩子。call sb. to do是固定短语，意为“叫某人做某事”，因此空格处用不定式。故填to help。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：许多人从来没有钓过鱼，甚至没有在船上，所以William开始教基本知识。根据语境可知，句子表示“许多人从来没有钓过鱼，甚至没有在船上，所以William开始教基本知识”，空格处用so引出后文的结果，表示“因此”，也可用and表承接。故填so/and。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：接下来是钓鱼带给我们的人生经验：耐心、团队合作，以及在户外放松的简单乐趣。空格处用名词作宾语，patient的名词是patience，意为“耐心”，是不可数名词。故填patience。
第三部分 知识基础(共三节，满分35分)
第一节 单句语法填空(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
根据下列各句句意，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
46. They are a sign of our wishes for health and________ (happy) in the coming year.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】happiness
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：它们象征着我们对来年健康幸福的祝愿。分析句子可知，空处需使用happy（高兴的）的名词形式happiness（幸福）在句中作介词for的宾语。故填happiness。
47. There is little doubt that people with low EQs often have problems________ (get) on with other people. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】getting
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：毫无疑问，情商低的人在与他人相处时经常会遇到问题。have problems/trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth. 是固定用法，意为“做某事有困难”。故填getting。
48. These include the third mass extinction, known as the “Great Dying”, ________ killed 90% to 96% of all species.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】which
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：其中包括第三次大灭绝，被称为“大灭绝”，90%到96%的物种死亡。句中先行词为Great Dying，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。根据句意，故填which。
49. Every year, the moment I get on the train, I________ (surround) by Shanxi accents. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】am surrounded
【解析】
【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：每年，当我上火车的那一刻，我都被山西口音所包围。分析句子可知，空格处作谓语。根据时间状语从句the moment I get on the train可知，此处应用一般现在时；主语I与动词surround是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态。故填am surrounded。
50. I thought________ strange that my teacher could not show me love. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】it
【解析】
【详解】考查形式宾语。句意：我觉得奇怪的是，我的老师不能向我表达爱意。分析句子可知，空格处应填入it作形式宾语，that my teacher could not show me love作真正的宾语，形容词strange作宾语补足语。故填it。
第二节 词义匹配(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
第一组
请匹配单词及其英文解释。
A.the building of sth B.the act of destroying sth C.a very strong feeling of love D.the feeling of being sorry for sb E.the state of being in a better position F.the best example of the artist’s work G.a sign that sth exists, especially sth bad
51. passion
52. sympathy
53. advantage
54. destruction
55. masterpiece
【答案】51. C 52. D
53. E 54. B
55. F
【解析】
【51题详解】
passion，名词，意为“激情；强烈情感”，其英文解释为“a very strong feeling of love”。故选C。
【52题详解】
sympathy，名词，意为“同情；赞同”，其英文解释为“the feeling of being sorry for sb”。故选D。
【53题详解】
advantage，名词，意为“优点；有利条件”，其英文解释为“the state of being in a better position”。故选E。
【54题详解】
destruction，名词，意为“毁灭；破坏”，其英文解释为“the act of destroying sth”。故选B。
【55题详解】
masterpiece，名词，意为“杰作；代表作”，其英文解释为“the best example of the artist’s work”。故选F。
第二组
请匹配单词及其英文解释。
A.worth doing B.very surprising C.being the only one of its kind D.expecting good things to happen E.a prize for doing something well F.unable or unlikely to cause damage G. showing or feeling happiness or satisfaction
56. amazing
57 harmless
58. contented
59. optimistic
60. rewarding
【答案】56. B 57. F
58. G 59. D
60. A
【解析】
【56题详解】
考查形容词。amazing意为“令人惊异的”，和B选项“very surprising(非常令人吃惊)”意思相近，故选B。
【57题详解】
考查形容词。harmless意为“无害的”，和F选项“unable or unlikely to cause damage(不能或不可能造成损害的)”意思相近，故选F。
【58题详解】
考查形容词。contented意为“满足的”，和G选项“showing or feeling happiness or satisfaction(表现出或感到幸福或满足)”意思相近，故选G。
【59题详解】
考查形容词。optimistic意为“乐观的”，和D选项“expecting good things to happen(期待好事发生)”意思相近，故选D。
【60题详解】
考查形容词。rewarding意为“值得的”，和A选项“worth doing(值得去做)”意思相近，故选A。
第三组
请匹配单词及其英文解释。
A. a little B. the ability to see C. to increase or improve D. to meet sb or discover sth E. to allow sb to enter a place F. to like or respect very much G. to make sth impossible to do
61. admire
62. slightly
63. enhance
64. prohibit
65. encounter
【答案】61. F 62. A
63. C 64. G
65. D
【解析】
【61题详解】
考查动词。动词admire的中文含义为“钦佩，仰慕”，与F项“to like or respect very much(非常喜欢或尊敬)”含义一致。故选F。
【62题详解】
考查副词。副词slightly的中文含义为“些微地；稍微”，与A项“a little (少许； 略微)”含义一致。故选A。
【63题详解】
考查动词。动词enhance的中文含义为“提高，加强”，与C项“to increase or improve (增加或提高)”含义一致。故选C。
【64题详解】
考查动词。动词prohibit的中文含义为“禁止”，与G项“to make sth impossible to do (使某事不可能做)”含义一致。故选G。
【65题详解】
考查动词。动词encounter中文含义为“遭遇；偶然碰到”，与D项“to meet sb or discover sth (遇见某人或发现某事)”含义一致。故选D。
第三节 词汇运用(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
Text 1
阅读下列文本，在空白处填入1个适当的单词(部分空有首字母或中文提示)。
For example, there are public advertisements, which____66____(鼓励) citizens to participate in improving their neighborhood, protecting the environment, and helping other people. Over the last ____67____(十年) , the government has sponsored advertisements to____68____(教育)the public on fighting AIDS, saving water, helping the poor, giving up smoking, etc. These advertisements have helped to increase public____69____(知识)about topics that used to be i____70____(忽略)by most people, and this has made our society a better place for everyone.
【答案】66. encourage/inspire
67. decade 68. educate
69. knowledge
70. ignored
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些公共广告的作用。
【66题详解】
考查动词。句意：例如，有公共广告，鼓励市民参与改善社区、保护环境和帮助他人。分析句子可知，空格处作谓语。根据汉语提示，表示“鼓励”应用动词encourage/inspire。根据句中there are判断，此处应用一般现在时，先行词指代public advertisements，表示复数。故填encourage/inspire。
【67题详解】
考查名词。句意：在过去的十年里，政府赞助了广告，教育公众抗击艾滋病、节水、扶贫、戒烟等。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词作宾语。根据汉语提示，表示“十年”应用decade。故填decade。
【68题详解】
考查动词。句意：同上。根据句中to可知，空格处应填入动词原形，与to构成动词不定式作目的状语。根据汉语提示，表示“教育”应用educate。故填educate。
【69题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些广告有助于增加公众对过去大多数人忽视的话题的了解，这使我们的社会对每个人来说都更美好。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词作宾语。根据汉语提示，表示“知识”应用knowledge。故填knowledge。
【70题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：同上。根据空前的be和空后的by可知，空格处应填入动词的过去分词形式，构成被动语态。根据汉语以及首字母提示，表示“忽略”应用ignore。故填ignored。
Text 2
阅读下列文本，在空白处填入1个适当的单词(部分空有首字母或中文提示)。
Most students feel their IQ, which refers to Intelligence Quotient, is what ____71____(决定) how well they are going to do in life, but new research suggests that EQ is a better way for____72____(预测) success. Professor Salovey says it is IQ that gets you e____73____ but it is EQ that gets you promoted.
【答案】71. determines##decides
72. predicting
73. employed##mployed
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是新的研究表明，情商是预测成功的更好方法。
【71题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：大多数学生认为他们的智商决定了他们在生活中做得有多好，但新的研究表明，情商是预测成功的更好方法。“决定”是determine/decide，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语是what，空格处用第三人称单数，故填determines/decides。
【72题详解】
考查动名词。句意：大多数学生认为他们的智商决定了他们在生活中做得有多好，但新的研究表明，情商是预测成功的更好方法。“预测”是predict，for是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，故填predicting。
【73题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：萨洛维教授说，让你得到工作的是智商，但让你升职的是情商。由“but it is EQ that gets you promoted”可知，句子表示“让你得到工作的是智商，但让你升职的是情商”，空格处意为“聘请”，由首字母提示e可知，是employ，此处表示“让你被聘请”，get sb. done意为“使某人被……”，因此空格处用过去分词employed。故填employed。
Text 3
阅读下列文本，在空白处填入1个适当的单词(部分空有首字母或中文提示)。
Failures result in mental and emotional g____74____(成长). Curiosity drives us to____75____(探索), do more, solve problems and find solutions in our lives. Our thoughts and understanding of failures and successes s____76____(增强) in this growing period.
【答案】74. growth
75 explore
76. strengthen
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本段文字主要讲了好奇心的作用。
【74题详解】
考查名词。句意：失败会导致精神和情感的成长。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词作宾语。根据汉语及首字母提示，表示“成长”此处应用growth。故填growth。
【75题详解】
考查动词。句意：好奇心驱使我们在生活中探索、做更多的事情、解决问题并找到解决方案。根据句中drives us to可知，空格处应填入动词原形。根据汉语提示，表示“探索”应用explore。故填growth。
【76题详解】
考查动词。句意：在这个成长时期，我们对失败和成功的想法和理解得到了加强。分析句子可知，空格处作谓语。根据汉语及首字母提示，表示“增强”应用strengthen。根据上文，此处应用一般现在时态，主语Our thoughts and understanding是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。故填strengthen。
Text 4
阅读下列文本，在空白处填入1个适当的单词(部分空有首字母或中文提示)。
Steven Spielberg, a great filmmaker, who has won c____77____(无数的，数不尽的) awards and prizes for his____78____(贡献) towards film-making, suffered from several failures in his life. He was not able to get higher examination grades in schools during his____79____(童年). He was suspended three times from the University of Southern California. With passion and d____80____(投入，奉献), he went on to create some successful movies and won many awards including Oscars.
【答案】77. countless
78. contribution(s)
79. childhood
80. devotion/dedication
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Steven Spielberg的生平和主要成就。
【77题详解】
考查形容词。句意：Steven Spielberg，一位伟大的电影制作人，因其对电影制作的贡献赢得了无数奖项和奖项，他一生中遭受了几次失败。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词awards，由首字母提示c可知，“无数的，数不尽的”是countless，故填countless。
【78题详解】
考查名词。句意：Steven Spielberg，一位伟大的电影制作人，因其对电影制作的贡献赢得了无数奖项和奖项，他一生中遭受了几次失败。“贡献”是contribution，可用单数，也可用复数，故填contribution/contributions。
【79题详解】
考查名词。句意：在他的童年时期，他在学校的考试中没有取得更高的成绩。“童年”是childhood，此处指他的童年，因此空格处用单数，故填childhood。
【80题详解】
考查名词。句意：凭借激情和奉献精神，他继续创作了一些成功的电影，并获得了包括奥斯卡奖在内的许多奖项。由首字母提示d可知，“投入，奉献”是devotion/dedication，是不可数名词，故填devotion/dedication。
第四部分 书面表达(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 句子翻译(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
把下面句子翻译成英文。
81. 漫长的一天过后，我疲惫不堪，终于回到了自己的小窝。(汉译英)
【答案】After a long day, I finally got back to my small room, feeling tired.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，固定短语和非谓语动词。“漫长的一天过后”是after a long day，“终于”是finally，“回到”是get back to，用一般过去时表示过去的事情，“自己的小窝”是my small room，“疲惫不堪”用现在分词表主动，是feeling tired，因此整句话翻译为“After a long day, I finally got back to my small room, feeling tired”，故答案为After a long day, I finally got back to my small room, feeling tired.
82. 上周五，一场精彩的篮球赛在我校进行，吸引了众多学生观看。(汉译英)
【答案】Last Friday, a wonderful basketball match was held in our school, attracting many students (to watch). Last Friday, a splendid basketball match was held in our school, which attracted a large number of students.
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词、动词的时态语态以及非谓语动词。表示“精彩的”应用形容词wonderful/ splendid；表示“一场篮球赛”短语为a basketball match；表示“吸引”动词为attract；表示“众多”可用many/a large number of 。分析句子可知，此处描述过去的动作，应用一般过去时态，主语“比赛match”与动词“举行hold”是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态；表示“吸引了众多学生观看”既可用现在分词作状语，也可用非限定性定语从句。故翻译为：Last Friday, a wonderful basketball match was held in our school, attracting many students (to watch). /Last Friday, a splendid basketball match was held in our school, which attracted a large number of students.
83. 当Kathy到家时，她妈妈正在焦急地等待着她。(汉译英)
【答案】When Kathy arrived home, her mother was waiting for her anxiously.
【解析】
【详解】考查时间状语从句、副词以及时态。表示“当……时”应用连词when引导时间状语从句；表示“等待”应用动词短语wait for；表示“焦急地”应用副词anxiously。根据句意可知，本句时间状语从句应用一般过去时态，主句表示“正在等待”应用过去进行时态。故翻译为：When Kathy arrived home, her mother was waiting for her anxiously.
84. 就在那一刻，Helen终于明白了“love”这个词的真正含义。(汉译英)
【答案】In/At that moment, Helen finally understood the true meaning of (the word) “love”.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和固定短语。“就在那一刻”可译为固定短语：in/at that moment；““love”这个词的真正含义”可译为：the true meaning of (the word) “love”；根据“就在那一刻”即in/at that moment可知，本句表达已经发生的动作，应用一般过去时；故全句可译为：In/At that moment, Helen finally understood the true meaning of(the word) “love”。
85. 这对我而言是一次很棒的经历，从中我学会了要尊重他人。(汉译英)
【答案】This is a really wonderful experience for me, from which I have learned that I should respect others.
【解析】
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句、宾语从句和时态。“很棒的经历”可译为：a really wonderful experience，故“这对我而言是一次很棒的经历，”可译为：This is a really wonderful experience for me，用一般现在时，表示客观事实；“从中我学会了要尊重他人。”意为：从这次经历中我学会了要尊重他人，故可用以which引导的非限制性定语从句，来修饰先行词“experience”，表达“从中……”，“我学会了要尊重他人”可用learn后接以that引导的宾语从句的形式表达，且表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，故应用现在完成时，可译为：from which I have learned that I should respect others；故本句答案为：This is a really wonderful experience for me, from which I have learned that I should respect others.
第二节 应用文写作(满分15分)
86. 你校英文报正在进行主题为“电子书(e-book)与纸质书哪一种更好 ”的征文。请你写一篇短文投稿，陈述你的观点并说明理由。
注意：1．词数80左右;
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】As the world becomes increasingly digitalized, the debate over whether e-books or paper books are better has become a hot topic. From my perspective, using paper books is better than using e-books.
First of all, reading e-books can’t offer the pleasure of reading paper books. The visual pages of paper books and the sound of pages turning contribute to a magical feeling that cannot be replaced by e-books. Furthermore, paper books are always accessible and do not require any additional equipment to read, which makes them ideal for travel or situations where electricity or internet is unavailable. What is the most important is that reading e-books too much is harmful to our eyesight.
Therefore, I’m in favor of the idea that paper books are better choices for us compared with e-books.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，要求考生以“电子书(e-book)与纸质书哪一种更好 ”为题给校英文报投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
就我而言：from one's perspective→from one’s view
代替：replace→take the place of
其次：Furthermore→Besides
重要的：important→significant
2.句式拓展
同义句替换
原句：As the world becomes increasingly digitalized, the debate over whether e-books or paper books are better has become a hot topic.
同义句：With the world moving towards digitization, there is an ongoing discussion on the topic of which is better e-books or physical books.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Furthermore, paper books are always accessible and do not require any additional equipment to read, which makes them ideal for travel or situations where electricity or internet is unavailable. (运用了which和where引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】What is the most important is that reading e-books too much is harmful to our eyesight. (what引导的主语从句和that引导表语从句)
