2023-2024学年译林版英语八年级上册 Unit1 Friends Period 3 Grammar课件(共65张PPT)

(共65张PPT)
Period 3
Grammar
课前自主预习
单词闯关 1.测试，考查 n. ________
2.秒 abbr. ________＝________
3.竞赛，比赛；竞争 n. ________
4.(bad的比较级)更差，更糟，更坏 adj.________　 →(bad的最高级)最差，最糟，最坏adj.________
test
sec
second
competition
worse
worst
单词闯关 5. 高，高度n.________→高的adj.________
6. 重量 n．________→重v.________
7. 游泳者 n. ________→游泳 v．________
→游n．________
height
high
weight
weigh
swimmer
swim
swimming
短语互译 1. 英语测试 ____________
2. drawing competition____________
English test
绘画比赛
句型在线 1. 她比我矮。
She is ____________ I am.
2. 这是这家商店里最贵的电脑。
This is __________________ computer in the shop.
3. 彼得是这六名学生中最高的。
Peter is _______________ the six students.
shorter than
the most expensive
the tallest of
语法聚焦 1. 形容词比较级的用法
2. 形容词最高级的用法
课文呈现
Comparative and superlative adjectives
Short adjectives are adjectives with one or two syllables.
e.g. clean， heavy.
Long adjectives are adjectives with three or more syllables.
e.g. beautiful，interesting.
短形容词是有一个或两个音节的形容词。例如：干净，沉重。
长形容词是具有三个或三个以上音节的形容词。例如：美丽的，有趣的。
We use comparatives ＋ than to compare two people or things. We usually add －er to short adjectives and use more with long adjectives to form comparatives.
我们用比较词 ＋ than来比较两个人或两件事。我们通常在短形容词后面加“－er ”，在长形容词前面加“more”来构成比较词。
She is shorter than I am.
My book is more interesting than his.
她比我矮。
我的书比他的有趣。
We use the ＋ superlatives to compare three or more people or things. We usually add －est to short adjectives and use most with long adjectives to form superlatives.
我们用 the＋ 最高级来比较三个或三个以上的人或事。我们通常在短形容词后面加 －est ，并且大部分 most 与长形容词一起用来形成最高级。
He is the tallest boy in our class.
This is the most expensive computer in the shop.
他是我们班最高的男孩。
这是商店里最贵的电脑。
We form comparative and superlative adjectives like this：
The bike is __________.
The car is ______________ .
fast
faster
the fastest
Compare them
The tractor is ____________ .
City :
the________ beautiful
beautiful
________beautiful
more
most
1. Jane is _____________(tall) Amy.
2. Carl is _____________(heavy) Jack.
3. I am _______________(fat) Betty.
4. The pie is ____________(good) the cake.
5. Julie is ______________(thin) John.
6. Her parents aren′t_______________(rich) his.
7. My home isn′t ______________(far) hers.
taller than
heavier than
fatter than
better than
thinner than
richer than
farther than
1. Marvin is ______________(clever) boy in his class.
2. Uncle is ____________________(interesting) person
in our family.
3. We have ____________(large) room in the building.
4. Mel is _____________(lazy) student of all.
the cleverest
the most interesting
the largest
the laziest
Short adjectives
Long adjectives
One or two syllables(音节)
Three or more syllables
---better ---best
---worse ---worst
good/ well
bad / ill
many
much
little
far
---more ---most
---less ---least
---farther ---farthest
不规则
A class profile
A
Daniel is writing about his classmates.
Help him complete the following table with the correct adjectives.
Comparative
Superlative
Adjective
clean cleaner cleanest
short shorter shortest
cute cuter cutest
happy happier happiest
lazy lazier laziest
big bigger biggest
Comparative
Superlative
Adjective
thin thinner thinnest
sad sadder saddest
difficult more diffcult the most diffcult
interesting more interesting the most interesting
good better best
bad worse worst
B
Daniel has made a profile of his classmates.
Read the profile and complete his notes.
Simon is taller than (tall) Sandy.
Peter is __________________(tall) of the six students.
Sandy is __________________ (heavy) Millie.
the tallest
heavier than
Peter is _______________ (heavy) of the six students.
Among the six students，Millie is________________
(slow) swimmer.
the heaviest
the slowest
6 Amy is ___________ (fast) swimmer of the six students.
7 Millie′s drawing is ____________________ (beautiful)
Peter′s.
the fastest
more beautiful than
8 Sandy′s drawing is_____________(beautiful) in her class.
9 Millie′s English is______________ (good) Simon′s.
Millie′s English is ______________(good) in her class.
the most beautiful
better than
the best
Work out
the rules！
We put than_____________(before， after) comparatives.
We put the______________(before，after) superlatives.
after
before
考点精讲
1 worse adj. 更差，更糟，更坏
[观察] The weather was a lot worse this year.
今年天气糟糕得多。
[探究] worse是________的比较级，用于两者之间进
行比较。
bad
[拓展]
(1) worse也是________和________的比较级。
Jim did worse than I in the final exam.
在期末考试中，吉姆考得比我差。
The patient gets worse at midnight.
半夜病人的病情加重了。
badly
ill
(2) bad，badly和ill的最高级形式是________， 意为“最差，最糟，最坏”。
John sings (the) worst in his class.
在约翰的班级里，约翰唱得最差。
worst
活学活用
1．(1) — How are you today， Tom
— I′m even ________.
I don′t think this medicine is good for me.
A．worse　　　 B．badly
C．better D．well
A
【解析】考查形容词比较级的用法。由答语中“我认为这种药对我没有益处”，可推测上文意为“我现在觉得更差了”，空格处意为“更差的”，结合关键词even可知应用形容词的比较级形式，故选A。
(2) The ORBIS doctor advised the girl to have the
operation to prevent her eye problem getting much
________(bad)．
worse
2 height n．高，高度
[观察] The tree grew to a height of 20 feet.
那棵树长到二十英尺高了。
His height makes him stand out in the crowd.
他的身高使他在人群中很显眼。
[探究]
与height相关的短语：____________……的高度；
__________在高度上。
the height of…
in height
[拓展]
(1) height的形容词形式为________，意为“高的”，一般指物体位置高，强调高出于地面之上。其反义词为________。
high
low
(2) 英语中提问某人或某物高度的固定句型：
活学活用
2．(1) My chemistry teacher isn't tall or short. He's of
medium ________(身高).
(2)Jack is 1.83 metres tall. (改为同义句)
Jack is 1.83 metres _____________________．
height
in height
3 weight n．重量
[观察]
The apple is 300 grams in weight.
这个苹果的重量是300克。
The man is nearly twice my weight.
这个人的体重几乎是我的两倍。
[探究]
与weight相关的短语：______________……的重量；
__________在重量上
the weight of…
in weight
[拓展]
(1) weight的动词形式为________，意为“有……重，重达……”。
weigh
(2) 英语中提问人的体重的句型：
3．(1) What a pity! Sue lost the game because the _______
(weigh) of her shoes made it difficult for her to run
fast.
weight
活学活用
(2) —________do you weigh，Miss Green
—It′s a secret.
A．How heavy　 B．What
C．How much D．How
C
【解析】考查特殊疑问句。句意：“格林小姐，你体重多少？”“这是一个秘密。”由此可知该句考查对人的体重进行提问，可用以下句型：What′s sb′s weight 或 How much do/does sb weigh？或How heavy…？故答案为C。
语法聚焦
[形容词比较级和最高级]
教材典句
1．She is shorter than I am.
2．My book is more interesting than his.
3．He is the tallest boy in our class.
4．This is the most expensive computer in the shop.
________者进行比较时通常用形容词的比较级，常用的句型如下：
(1)“A＋系动词＋形容词________＋________＋B”。形容词比较级前可以用much，a lot，a little，even等词修饰。　
语法探究
● 1　形容词比较级的用法
两
比较级
than
(2)“形容词比较级＋________＋形容词比较级”或“________________＋多音节或部分双音节形容词”意为“越来越……”。
(3)“________＋形容词比较级，________＋形容词比较级”意为“越……，就越……”。
(4)“主语＋系动词＋________＋形容词________＋of the two”意为“……是两者之中较(更)……的”。
and
more and more
比较级
the
the
the
(5)“Which/Who is＋形容词_______，A _______ B？”意为“A和B哪一个/谁更……？”
(6)“主语＋系动词＋形容词比较级＋than any other＋可数名词________”或“主语＋系动词＋形容词比较级＋than the other＋可数名词________”意为“……比其他……都要……”。
比较级
or
单数
复数
● 2　形容词比较级的用法
________或________以上的人或物进行比较时，通常用形容词的最高级，常用的句型如下：
(1)“主语＋系动词＋________＋形容词________＋of/in短语”意为“在……中最……”，是最常用的句型。
三者
三者
the
最高级
(2)“主语＋系动词＋one of ______＋形容词_______＋可数名词________＋of/in短语”意为“……是……中最……之一”。
(3) “主语＋系动词＋________＋________＋形容词________＋可数名词________＋of/in短语”意为“……是……中第几……”。
the
最高级
复数
the
序数词
最高级
单数
(4)“Which/Who＋系动词＋______＋形容词_______，A，B ________ C？”意为“A、B和C，哪一个/谁最
……？”
the
最高级
or
活学活用
1．Jim studies better than Tom, but Tom is ________ and
he has more friends.
A．friendly B．more friendly
C．the most friendly
B
【解析】考查形容词比较等级的用法。句意：吉姆比汤姆学习成绩更好，但是汤姆(对人)更友好，他有更多的朋友。由句中的studies better以及more friends可知要用形容词friendly的比较级。friendly为多音节形容词，其比较级为more friendly，意为“更友好的”。故选B。
2．—What do you think of the movie
—Great! I have never seen a ________ one.
A．good　　　　B．bad
C．better D．worse
C
【解析】考查形容词词义及其比较级辨析。句意：“你觉得这部电影怎么样？”“好极了！我从没有看过一部________电影了。”
good意为“好的”；bad意为“糟糕的”；better意为“更好的”；worse意为“更糟糕的”。从答语Great知，应答者对这部电影表示了认可，因此其表达的意思是“我从没有看过比这部更好的电影了”。故选C。
3. — Have you seen the movie Baby Plan
— Of course.
I think it′s ________ movie I have ever seen.
A．funny B．funnier
C．the most funny D．the funniest
D
【解析】考查形容词比较等级。句意：“你看过《宝贝计划》这部电影吗？”“当然看过。我认为这是我看过的________的电影。”根据movie后面的定语从句“I have ever seen”(我曾经看过的)可知，此题考查形容词的最高级。故选D。
4．—How do you improve your English
—________ you speak, ________ your English will be.
A．The less； the more
B．The more；the better
C．The less；the better
D．The more；the less
B
【解析】考查比较级的用法。句意：“你怎样提高你的英语？”“你说得________，你的英语将会________。”众所周知，英语说得越多，提高越快。此题考查句型“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”，意为“越……，就越……”。故选B。
5．—Do you know that China is one of ________ countries
in the world
—Yes，I do. It′s ________ older than America.
A．the oldest；very B．old； very
C．the oldest；much D．oldest； much
C
【解析】 考查形容词最高级和比较级修饰词。句意：“你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗？”“是的，我知道。它比美国古老的多。”第一空考查“one of ＋the＋形容词的最高级＋可数名词复数”，意为“最……的……之一”，第二空考查副词much修饰形容词的比较级。故选C。