牛津译林版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 Food matters Extended reading单词讲解课文详解课件(共53张PPT)

(共53张PPT)
X1U1 Extended Reading
Eating in China
词汇讲解+课文解析
Grammar——Extended Reading词汇讲解
lower vt. 降低，减少；把…放低，使…降下 (opp) raise
adj. 下面的；在底部的；低洼的；较低的 (opp) upper
lower oneself (by doing sth) (通常用于否定句 ) 降低自己的身份；自贬人格
lower one’s voice/ pressure 压低嗓门/减轻压力
e.g. He had to lower his head to get through the door.
This drug is used to lower blood pressure.
I wouldn't lower myself by working for him.
Temperatures will be lower over the weekend.
She bit her lower lip.
enhance vt. 提高，增强
enhanced adj. 提高了的, 增强了的
enhancement n.
This is a golden opportunity to enhance the reputation of the company.
这是提高公司声誉的绝佳机会。
I should be confident and enhance my ability to achieve my goal.
throw oneself into 投身于，热衷于
boil vt.&vi. 用沸水煮；(使)沸腾
fry vt.&vi. 油炸，油煎
steak n. 牛排；肉排，肉块[U,C]
throw away 扔掉；浪费（金钱等）；错过（机会等）
pan n. 平锅，平底锅[C]
impress vt.&vi. 使钦佩，给...留下深刻印象；使意识到
impression n. 印象，效果，影响
impressive adj. 感人的，给人以深刻印象的，令人钦佩的
impress sb with/by sth 用某物给某人留下深刻的印象
What impressed sb most was +n / 从句 给某人印象最深的是…
impress sth on sb 使某人意识到某事
be impressed with/by sth 对…有深刻的印象 give/leave/make a deep impression on sb = leave sb a deep impression
给某人留下深刻印象
e.g. When I was abroad, what impressed me most was the cultural differences.
His personality left a deep impression on us.
buffet n. 自助餐[C]
bay n. (海或湖的)湾[C]
scenery n. 风景，景色；舞台布景[U]
hold/keep sb/sth at bay 阻止；遏制
scenic adj. 风景的，景色优美的；舞台的
区别：
scenery 指某一国家或地区总的自然景色或风景,集合名词
view 多指从某处看到的风景或景色
sight 指视线范围内的事物、景象或情景，用复数时多指用于观光的风景、名胜
scene 指眼见的景色或场面，不限于自然风景，也可指戏剧、电影、小说等的场景
bet n. 打赌，赌注; 预计，估计
v. (用…)打赌；(与…)打赌
(bet-bet-betting)
make a bet with sb on sth 与…就…打赌
place/put a bet on sth 在…上下赌注
bet on sth 在某事上打赌
You bet! 当然!一定!
e.g. Have you ever made a bet with friend on anything
atmosphere n. 气氛，氛围[U,C]；大气[sing.]；气体；空气[C]
an atmosphere of sth …的氛围
upper atmosphere 上层大气
working atmosphere 工作环境
e.g. She used music and lighting to create a romantic atmosphere.
out of this world 好(或美等)得不得了，非凡，呱呱叫
e.g. The party was out of this world and I was very happy the whole day.
version n. 变体，变种；说法；版本[C]
filling n. (糕点等的)馅 [C,U]
最新版本
官方版本/说法
official version
the latest version
e.g. The book was translated into many versions and sold all over the world.
The two newspapers gave different versions of what happened.
elderly adj. 年纪较大的，上了年纪的[委婉用语]
bake vt.&vi. 烘烤；烤硬
e.g. The elderly are well taken care of in our society.
He handed the elderly woman across the street.
baker n. 面包师[C]
bakery n. 面包(糕点)店[C]
flour n. 面粉[U]
adorable adj. 可爱的，讨人喜爱的
adore vt. 热爱，喜爱，爱慕
adoration n. 崇拜，爱慕
adorably adv. 可爱地；值得崇拜地
adore sb /sth /doing sth 非常喜欢(做…)
e.g. There are so many adorable animals at a zoo.
mild adj. 不浓的，淡味的；暖和的；温和的；不严重的
mildly adv. 温和地；和善地 mildness n. 温和；暖和
tiramisu n. 提拉米苏
layer n. 层，表层；层次[C]
cheese n. 干酪，奶酪[U,C]
bitter adj. 苦味的;激烈的;令人难过的；严寒的
bitterly adj. 痛苦地；愤恨地；极其
bitterness n. 苦味；愤恨
e.g. The roots of education are bitter, but the fruit is sweet.
cream n. 奶油，乳脂；护肤霜[U]
ingredient n. 材料，成分；因素，要素[C]
loose adj. 不受约束的；未固定牢的；零散的；宽松的；疏松的
let sth loose 释放；放任
loosen vt. 释放; 松开;放宽(loose可以作动词用)
opp: tight
疏松的土壤
松动的牙齿
loose soil
a loose tooth
pepper n. 甜椒；胡椒粉
chilli (AmE chili) n. 辣椒
Sichuan pepper 花椒
onion n. 洋葱，葱头
spring onion 小葱，香葱
damp adj. 潮湿的，湿气重的
foggy adj. 有雾的，雾茫茫的
dynasty n. 朝，代；王朝
dampen v. 使潮湿；减弱，抑制; vi. 潮湿；丧气(damp可以作动词用)
e.g. Her hair was still damp.
fog n. 雾，烟雾
e.g. Tomorrow it will be cold, cloudy, and foggy.
the Qing Dynasty 清朝
expand vt. & vi. 增加，扩大；扩展，发展（业务）；详谈，详述
expansion n. 扩大; 扩张; 扩展 ;膨胀
expansive(ly) adj(adv). 广阔的；辽阔的；广泛的
expand on/upon sth 详述, 充分叙述某事
expand one’s vocabulary 扩大词汇量
expand into... 扩展到...，发展成为...
e.g. The Hualian Mall has expanded the business by opening two more stores.
华联超市增开了两家商店以扩展业务。
China will further expand the scope of its opened-up areas.
中国要进一步扩大开放范围。
multiple adj. 数量多的，多样的
multiply v. 乘，(使)相乘；(使)大量增加；(使)繁殖
multi- 多...的
e.g. The government performed competently in the face of multiple challenges.
政府在面临多重挑战时表现得很出色。
multiple choice 多项选择
multimedia adj. 多媒体的
multicultural adj. 多元文化的
sauce n. 调味汁，酱
plain adj. 朴素的，简单的；清楚的
n. 平原[C]
slice n. 薄片，片；部分，份额
vt. 把…切成片；切开，割破
It is plain (to sb) that... ... (对于某人)是显而易见的
be plain to see 显而易见
(了解)(as) plain as day
=(as) plain as the nose on your face
一清二楚；一目了然；显而易见
e.g. He made it plain that we should leave.
The plain fact is that nobody really knows.
a slice of bread 一片面包
chef n. 主厨，厨师
property n. 性质，特性[C]；所有物，财产[U]；不动产[U]
(形近词)chief n. 领袖，首领
adj. 首要的，主要的
intellectual property 知识产权；著作权
personal/private property 动产；私人财产
e.g. This building is government property.
The price of property has risen sharply.
appropriate adj. 合适的 vt. 拨出(款项等)供专用，私占，擅用
inappropriate opp. 不恰当的；不相称的
appropriately adv. 恰当地;合适地
be appropriate for / to sth 对…合适/相称
It is appropriate to do sth. 做某事是合适的。
e.g. Her clothes were appropriate to the occasion.
estimate vt. 估计，估价 n. 估计；估计的成本
underestimate vt. 低估 overestimate vt. 高估
It is estimated / Sb estimate (that)… 据估计…
estimate sth at sth/ to be … 估计…为…
make a rough estimate of 对…做个粗略的估计
e.g. It is estimated (that) the project will last four years.
I estimate that the total cost for treatment will be $12500.
They estimate the cost to repair at $800.
The deal is estimated to be worth around $1.5 million.
consume vt. 吃，喝，饮；消耗，耗费（尤指燃料、能量或时间）
hit the spot 使人满意，正合需要
consumer n. 消费者，顾客，用户[C]
consumption n. 消费；消耗量[U]
time-consuming 耗时的
e.g. His old car consumed much gasoline.
He consumed all the milk teas and sandwiches.
on the spot 当场；在现场
a tourist spot 旅游景点
e.g. Having a cold beer really hit the spot. 喝一杯冰啤酒的确正合我意。
Cantonese adj. 广东人（或文化）的，粤语的
n. (pl. Cantonese) 广东人；粤语
dim sum n. 点心
essential adj. 必不可少的；本质的，基本的
essentially adv. 本质上;根本上
essence n. 本质，精髓
It is essential for sb to do sth = It is essential (that) sb (should) do sth
某人做某事是绝对必要的
be essential for/to sth 对…极为重要
e.g. It's essential you (should) make the right decisions at the beginning.
Experience is essential for this job.
innovation n. 创造，创新；新思想，新方法
concept n. 概念，观念
innovator n. 改革者，创新者
innovate v. 革新，创新
innovative adj. 革新的；富有革新精神的
技术革新
technological innovation
e.g. In the age of global competition, innovation is vital.
conceptual adj. 概念上的
stimulate vt. 促进，激发；刺激，使兴奋
appetite n. 食欲，胃口；强烈欲望
stimulation n. 刺激，激励，兴奋作用
stimulative adj. 促进的；刺激的；激励的
stimulate one’s interest
激发某人的兴趣
stimulate sb to do sth
激励某人做某事
e.g. Light stimulates plant growth.
have an appetite for 对…的欲望
have a good / poor appetite 胃口好/不好
lose one’s appetite= have no appetite 没胃口
satisfy one’s appetite 满足某人的欲望
develop an appetite for... 对... 提起胃口
e.g. He has an appetite for reading. 他喜欢看书
delicate adj. 精致的，精细的，精密的；易损的，易碎的，脆弱的
emphasis n. (pl. emphases ) 强调，重视；重读
delicately adv. 微妙地；精致地
delicacy n. 微妙[U]
e.g. Babies have very delicate skin. 婴儿的皮肤非常娇嫩。
(了解) delicate fingers 纤细的手指
a delicate gift 精致的礼物
a delicate vase 易碎的花瓶
emphasiz(s)e v. 强调，着重；重读（单词或短语）；使突出（或明显）
put / lay / place emphasis on sth = emphasize sth 强调/重视某事
emphasise the importance of... 强调...的重要性
e.g. He placed great emphasis on the importance of family life.
steam vt. & vi. 蒸；散发蒸汽
n. 水蒸气；蒸汽动力；水汽
gram n. 克
cabbage n. 甘蓝，卷心菜
steamy adj. 充满蒸汽的，热而潮湿的
the steam age 蒸汽时代
steam power 蒸汽动力
e.g. The room was filled with steam.
Leave the vegetables to steam over the rice for the 20 minutes cooking time.
kilogram n. 千克
wrapper n.（食品等的）包装材料，包装纸
mixture n. 混合物；混合，结合
wrap vt. 包；裹；缠绕
dumpling wrapper 饺子皮
mix v. 混淆,弄乱;搅匀,拌合
mixed adj. 混合的
mix A with B / mix A and B (together) （使）混合，掺和
e.g. The city is a mixture of old and new buildings.
这座城市是新老建筑兼而有之。
edge n. 边，边缘；刀口; (微弱的)优势
on the edge of... 在...的边缘；某事快要发生
the cutting edge 最前沿的位置
have/gain an edge over/on... 略占优势；比…占优势
e.g. They built the library on the edge of the town.
他们在城镇的边缘建了图书馆。
They are on the edge of the danger.
他们正处在危险的边缘。
The company is at the cutting edge of mobile communications technology.
这家公司在移动通信技术方面处于领先地位。
They have the edge on us.
他们略胜我们一筹。
apart adv. 成碎片；分开；相隔
fall apart 破碎，破裂；崩溃
apart from 除了...外(还)
e.g. His marriage fell apart.
他的婚姻破裂了。
What other food do you prefer apart from hot pot
除了火锅外，你还喜欢什么美食？
课文解析
History of hot pot
when
where
why
how
improvement
late
Qing Dynasty
Yangtze River
who
for boatmen
keep warm during the cold and wet winters
boil vegetables,chillies and Sichuan peppers in water
include multiple options of soups,vegetables,meats and sauces
Listen to the recording of the 2nd entry and list
the features of Nanjing salted duck.
Features of Nanjing salted duck
Appearance
Taste
plain in thin, white slices
juicy and salty
Process
salting; drying; boiling; cooling
7 March, Sichuan hot pot
The mouth-watering hot pots of Sichuan are as famous overseas as they are in China, and the hot flavour is enough to heat up a cold midwinter evening or to let loose rivers of sweat on a summer afternoon.
Adj.令人馋涎欲滴的
使变热
释放；放任
as+adj./adv.+as 与……一样
heat n. 高温；压力；暖气 v. 加热，使变暖
loose adj. 松动的；零散的 v. 释放，发泄；松开
I gave it my first try last night, together with a few local friends. As the soup bubbled slowly over a gas burner in the middle of the table, its surface was covered with a beautiful layer of chillies, Sichuan peppers, spring onions and red oil.
v. 冒泡，沸腾
煤气炉
n. 铺设物
give it a try 试一试
bubble n.气泡，泡沫；气泡框
v. bubble (over) with sth 洋溢着（情感）
She was bubbling over with excitement.
burner :燃烧器 burn v.燃烧；灼伤/n. 烧伤，伤疤
Slowly at first,and then faster and faster,we tipped plates of fresh meat, fish and vegetables into the pot. The hot flavour quickened our laughter and conversation, making the meal the perfect way to relax with friends.
v. （使）倾斜
v.使更活跃
结果状语
tip v. 给小费；轻碰 n.小费；建议，小窍门
quicken/shtrengthen/lengthen…
–en为动词后缀 ；变得，使成为
Sichuan hot pots are perfect for the damp, foggy climate in which they were invented. They are believed to have started off in the late Qing Dynasty as a way for boatmen on the Yangtze River to keep warm during the cold and wet winters.
潮湿的，多雾的
进行起来
潮湿的
介词+which 引导定语从句
damp= slightly wet
foggy——fog——mist——smog
wet adj.湿的；下雨的；尿湿的 n.雨 v. 把…弄湿
主语+be+believed+动词不定式：…被认为…
Chinese food is believed to be the best dish
作后置定语，修饰way
Extend
sb./sth. be believed/reported/said/known/claimed/expected/ thought/rumored（传闻）/whispered to do/to have done
另外还有常用句型：
It is believed/reported/said/known/claimed/expected/thought/ rumored/whispered that ...
matching
1.A health care project is reported _______ treatment at half the cost or less next year, depending on the needs of the patient.
2. The teaching building is said ________ last year.
3.Any student, who is thought _______ the rules, for example, by
cheating, has to appear in a student court .
4.Russia's winter ____ so warm that a bear in the zoo has awakened
from her hibernation two months earlier.
A. is said to be B . to have broken
D. to provide C. to have been painted
D
A
C
B
In the beginning, the delicious dish was made simply by boiling vegetables, chillies and Sichuan peppers in water.Over time, it has expanded to include multiple options of soups,vegetables, meats and sauces, appealing to people of different tastes.
吸引
v.增加，扩大
Adj.多样的
Expand v. ① you need to expand your vocabulary
②扩展，发展（业务）
She intend to expand her hotel business
vi. 细谈，详述 expand on upn sth.
Could you expand on this point,please
Expand vs extend
Expand指范围、体积的扩大
Extend指空间范围等的扩大，长度或宽度的延伸及时间的延长
Multiple: multi-表示多…的 为形容词词缀
Multimedia adj. 多媒体的 multicultural adj.多元文化的
What I love best about Sichuan hot pots is that they offer a great opportunity to socialize with friends since a meal can last for hours.I instantly became a big fan of Sichuan hot pots and I’ll soon be back for more!
与…交往
Adv. 立即地
What引导主语从句并在句中作宾语
表语从句
Socialize v. 交往，交际 socialize with sb.=mix with sb.
I enjoy socialing with the other students.
Socialize——socialism——social——society
instantly=immediately=at once=right away
12 August,Nanjing salted duck
salted duck is Nanjing's most famous food export. Served plain in thin, white slices, the meat is juicy and salty. Each Nanjing salted duck takes several days to prepare, and the process includes salting, drying, boiling and cooling. As I finished my first helping on a recent afternoon in Nanjing, my host, Chef Zhang, told me a little more about the dish.
Served plain in thin, white slices 此处为过去分词作状语
plain adj.朴素的，简单的(simple)；清楚的(clear) n. 平原
slice n.薄片；部分 vt. 把...切片 v. 切开，割破
helping n.(进餐时的)一份食物
chef n.主厨，厨师(cook)
plain,mountains,lakes, valley, bay, highland...
a slice of... 一片
slice sth. (up)
please slice onion up.
a small/generous helping 一小/大份食物
We all had a second helping of pie. 又一份
The countryside around Nanjing has been famous for its ducks for centuries；its countless waterways make the area perfect for raising waterbirds. A local history book from the late Qing Dynasty praised salted duck in particular, saying it was without equal.
in particular = particularly ：特别，尤其
without equal 无与伦比
it is reported that she is a beauty without equal.
Traditionally, duck is considered to have cooling properties, so it is appropriate for the hot summer months. Nowadays, people eat salted duck all year round and it is estimated that tens of thousands of ducks are consumed every day in Nanjing! It definitely hit the spot when I tried it, and it has become one of my personal favourites.
be appropriate for/to... 适合...
appropriate adj. 适合的 +ly/+ness appreciate v. 欣赏；感激
all year round 全年地
estimate vt.估计；估算 n.估计；估价 intimate adj.亲密的
consume vt.吃,喝,饮；消耗,耗费 +er/consumption 消耗,消费
hit the spot 使人满意，正合需要
It might be appropriate to wear appropriate clothes in public
It is estimated that...
据估计，......
It is estimated that up to 100 people inform on unfair events.
8 December, Cantonese dim sum
In Guangzhou, morning tea is such an essential part of the daily routine that “Have you had your tea ’’ has become the local version of “Good morning."
essential: adj.必不可少的；本质的，基本的 n. 必需品；要点
essence n.本质; 实质；精油；香精 essence (of sth)
It is essential that...(从句谓语动词使用should+动词原形)
money is not _________ to happiness.
such (+a/an) + adj.+n.+that结构：如此...以至于...
= so + adj.+that
kid, you are so great that I want to become your adopted father!
改写：
Though teahouses have been common in China since the Tang Dynasty, the Cantonese innovation of the mid-19th century was to serve tea together with a variety of light dishes, or dim sum.
innovation n.创新；新事物，新方法 innovative adj.革新的，新颖的 innovate v.革新；创新——innovator
light dishes: 小吃
Bibo’ diary:
Boss always ask me to innovate my sales record. I said: “Ok, boss, I’ll try my best. ” while I disprove it in my heart: Are you a stupid man Innovation is not easy! How dare you say that! If I am a excellent worker, if I am a great innovator, I would never work for you!
The concept took off, and today Guangzhou's restaurants stimulate customers' appetite with over a thousand offerings, each more delicate and delicious than the last
concept n. 概念 +ual conception n. 构思；设想；理解；怀孕
take off 突然大受欢迎；迅速流行
stimulate vt. 促进；刺激 stimulate one’s appetite/ interest
question：what food can stimate your appetite
offering n. 产品；供品；礼品
delicate adj. 精致的；纤弱的；清淡的
The Cantonese do not hurry over their breakfasts,as I found when I visited a restaurant in Guangzhou's old city centre this morning.
The emphasis is rather on conversation about business, family or pleasure, and locals can spend hours together chatting, drinking tea and working their way through the menu.
emphasis n. 强调;重视 (pl.emphases) emphasis on
emphasize v. 强调(stress)；重视；使突出 emphasize on
rather: adj. 颇，相当(very)
The yellow words on which teacher emphasizes is rather important.
work one’s way through:自始至终做...，聚精会神的完成...
question: What time could you work your way through listening to the teacher carefully
From beef balls(牛肉丸) to rice noodle rolls(肠粉) there are various dishes that have been baked,boiled, steamed or fried.A single visit is not enough to appreciate(品尝) everything, and I have along list of dim sum I still need to try.