教科版（广州）英语五年级下册 冠词和数词 讲义+练习（无答案）

冠词和数词
一、冠词： “a” “an” “the” “ /”
不定冠词：a / an
a/an用在可数名词前面，表示一类。
A kangaroo can jump far with strong back legs.
a/an用在可数名词前面，表示一个。
There is an F and a T in the word.
a+ 辅音读音开头， an+ 元音读音开头
●单个字母： A, E, I O,U,H,M, N, L, R,S, X用an,其余字母全用a.
●单个单词：以元音字母a ,e ,i, o, 开头的单词，全用an.
以元音字母u开头的单词，看发音:
uncle, umbrella发元音用an; university, useful, UFO发辅音用a.
以辅音字母开头的单词，全用a.
●特殊单词：hour(小时), honest(诚实的)前用an修饰
用a/an填空。
I am______student. I have______happy family. My father is______university teacher. My mother is______artist. My brother Jack is______honest boy,we all like him. Every morning, we do morning exercises for______hour. I get the first prize(第一名) in our school sports meeting, so my parents give me______Iphone 5 for prize(奖励).
There is ______ “f” and ______ “u” in word “four”
定冠词：the 表示特指
1.用于上文提到过的人或物。 This is a cat. The cat is white.
2.用于世界上独一无二的事物前。 the sun, the earth, the moon
3.用于西洋乐器前面。 play the piano/the violin
常见用法 4.用于姓氏的前面表示一家人。 the Greens; the Smiths
5.用于一些习惯用于中。 in the morning/afternoon/evening,
6.用于序数词前，表示第几。 the first, the second, the twentieth.
零冠词：/ 不可数名词前面无冠词。
1. 在季节,年,月,星期,节日前不用。 in spring, in July, on Monday,
常见
零冠词 2. 在球类或棋类前不用。 play basketball, play chess
3. 在三餐前不用。 have breakfast/lunch/dinner
4. 固定搭配前不用。 at night, go home，in Shanghai.
选择填空
（ ）1.Mom tells her little daughter old story every night.
A. a B. / C. an D. the
（ ）2. computer on the table is Susan’s.
A. A B. An C. The D. /
（ ）3.There is map of the world on wall. map is mine.
A. a, a, A B. a, the, The C. the, the, The D. the, the, A
（ ）4. Whites live on floor.
A. /, three B. A, third C. The, third D.The, the third
（ ）5. Spring comes after winter.
A. /, / B.The, / C.The, the D.A, the
（ ）6.I bought shoes yesterday. shoes are very beautiful.
A. a, The B. a pair of, The C. the, The D. a pair, The pair
（ ）7.He was soldier in the Second World War.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
（ ）8.She can play and .
A. the tennis, the guitar B. tennis, guitar
C. the tennis, guitar D. tennis, the guitar
（ ）9、I can see moon and clouds in the sky.
A. the, a B. a, a C. the, / D. the, the
（ ）10. “c” is in “cat.” “s” is in “sat.”
A. An, An B. An, A C. A, A D. A, An
（ ）11. Tian’anmen Square is in Beijing.
A. /, / B. A, / C. The, / D. /, the
（ ）12.—Can you tell me nearest bookshop
—Go straight and turn right at_______third crossing, and you will see it.
A. the, a B. the, the C. a, the D. the, /
二、数词
基数词：表示数量
数词
序数词：表示顺序
一、基数词（表数量，后面常跟名词复数，1除外）
1 1到12是各自独立的形式
2 从13~19均是后缀-teen结尾，特殊拼写的词：thirteen,fifteen,eighteen
3 从20~90的整十数词均以后缀-ty结尾。
表示几十几时，个位和十位之间加不加连字符均可。
如：thirty-one/thirty one
二、序数词（ 表顺序，后面常跟名词单数，前面一般有the 或代词）
基数词变序数词的口诀：
1．一二三，t,d,d ；(first, second, third)
2. 八去t,九去e, ve要用f替再加th；(eighth, ninth, fifth, twelfth.)
3. 整十ty为ie，再加-th； (twenty-twentieth forty-fortieth)
4. 多位数，个位序，其余基；
twenty-one — twenty-first
one hundred and three — one hundred and third
找规律，填充下表
one First eleven eleventh
two twenty-one
thirteen
four Fourth fourteenth thirty-third
six sixteen
Seventh seventy-one
eighteenth
nineteen
ten
:
（一） 基数词+名词复数
the+ 序数词+名词单数
I have two books. The second one is better.
There are twelve months in a year. January is the first month of the year
（ ）1. There are ___ students in our class.
A. fiftieth B. fifty-five C. fifty five D.fivety
（ ）2. There are __ days in a week. Monday is the _ day.
A. seven , two B. seven , second C. the seventh,two
（ ）3. The building has ___ floors.He lives on ___ floor.
A. twelve, twelfth B. twelfth , twelve
C. twelve , the twelfth D.twelve, twelve
（ ）4. There are ninety __here .A.person B.people C.man
hundred，百thousand千，million百万，billion十亿
具体数字不加s, 概指很多加s.
two hundred books / hundreds of books
three thousand trees / thousands of trees
（ ）1. Eight ___ people came to visit here today.
A. hundred of B. hundred C. hundreds of
（ ）2. We planted ___ trees last week.
A. 3 hundred B. hundred of C. 3 hundreds
（ ）3. There are many ___ stars in the sky.
thousand B. thousand of C. thousands of
1 、 年、月、日的表达顺序 ：月 – 日 – 年
年：in 1998
年月： in May, 1998
年月日：on May 4th, 1998
时、分、秒要用基数词,
(1)顺读法读出时间，直接读出数字即可。
3:20， three twenty 6:40 six forty
(2)逆读法，先读分再读时
A:几点过几分，小于等于半小时用介词past。
4:05- five past four 8:15- a quarter past eight 9:30-half past nine
B:几点差几分，用介词to。
6:45-a quarter to seven 6:40-twenty to seven
1、 编号的表达　：
名词＋基数词=the +序数词+名词单数
Class 7; Room 101; the bus No.7 / No. 7 bus
Lesson one = the first lesson
2、 其他重点表达
在20世纪90年代 in the 1990s
在他30多岁 in his thirties
一段5分钟的步行 a five- minute walk = five minutes’ walk
一个三岁男孩 a three-year-old boy= a three years old boy
一座800米长的桥 an 800-metre-long bridge= an 800 meters long bridge
巩固练习：
（ ）1. My brother lives in ______ on ______ floor.
　　 A. six Room ;second B. Room six ;the second
　　 C. Room six; two floor D. the room six ; the second
（ ）2．December is _______ month of the year.
　　 A. twelve B. twelfth C. the twelfth D. the twelve
（ ）3．This took place in the ______.
　　 A. 1940 B. 1940s C. 1940es D. 1940th
（ ）4．There are ______ in this building, I live on ______.
　　A. nine floors ,the ninth floor B. nine floor, the ninth floor
　　C. nine floor , nine floors D. ninth floor, the ninth floor
（ ）5. There are _______ days in a year.
A. three hundred sixty-five B. three hundred and sixty-five
C. three hundred and sixty five D. three hundreds and sixty-five
（ ）6. --- What is the date today
　　 --- It's _________.
A. Thursday B. June the sixteenth C. the best day D. June fifteen
（ ）7．Jim is in __________．
A．class one，grade six B．grade one，class six
C．Class One，Grade Six D．Grade One, Class Six
（ ）8．The bike cost me _________ yuan．
A．five hundred forty B．five hundreds fourty
C．five hundred and forty D．five hundred fourty
（ ）9．My telephone number is ____________．
A．eighty eight two forty four zero nine
B．eight eight two double four O nine
C．eighty eight two forty-four zero nine
D．eight eight two four four zero nine
（ ）10．—What day is today — ___________
A．June B．Tuesday．It is hot D．It’s fine
（ ）11．—What time do you get up every day
A．It’s seven o’clock B．Seven o’clock time
C．At seven D．On seven
（ ）12. Autumn is _______________season in a year.
A. the fourth B. the third C. a third D. the threeth