教科版（广州）五年级下册 形容词副词比较级最高级 讲义+练习（无答案）

形容词和副词
形容词和副词的定义
什么是形容词？
请看下列句子，并注意黑色部分:
They are very different. 他们是很不一样的。
The boy is very short and fat. 这个男孩又矮又胖。
They are both smart kids. 他们俩都是很聪明的孩子。
形容词：形容和描述___词或者___词的词。
什么是副词？
仔细观察，注意黑色部分：
The boy walks slowly.
The girl gets up early.
The girl studies very hard.
The boy seldom studies.
副词：饰__词，____词或___词的词
形容词和副词的用法
形容词的用法
形容词+名词
She is a good student.
It is a cute dog.
系动词+形容词
I feel hot.
The cup is empty.
补充：常见的系动词有be动词（am is are）、感官动词（feel、taste、smell、look、sound）和表示变化的动词（get, turn, become）
副词的用法
说明动作的方式或状态
I study hard.
She works slowly.
My teacher speaks loudly.
I talk to my teacher politely.
说明动作或行为的频率
I always go to school by subway.
She usually has bread for breakfast .
Sometimes I don’t have breakfast.
I have never been to England.
说明形容词或副词的程度
I am a very good student.
She is quite a good student.
My teacher speaks too fast.
You are rich enough.
The cup is almost full.
Have a try:
用正确的选项替换划线部分
1.I go to the gym twice a week. It means ______ I go to the gym.
A.often B.sometimes C.always
My new English teacher speaks very fast. I can understand her very little. In other words, I can _______understand her.
A.hardly B.seldom C.hardly never
There are three bedrooms in this house, so the house is very big for us.
A.too big B.big enough C.big enough
形容词和副词的区别及转化
区别：
形容词：形容和描述___词或者___词的词。
副词：饰__词，____词或___词的词
转化：
His speed is quick.
He walks quickly.
This car is very slow.
He drives slowly.
Sums：形容词+ =副词
Have a try:
1、She cries _________(伤心地).
2、We are living a __________(幸福的) life.
3、They work very __________(辛勤地)
4、My parents talk to me _________(生气地)。
四、双重身份的特殊分子
hard
It is a hard stone.这是一块很硬的石头。
She studies hard. 她学习很认真。
hardly：几乎不
I hardly understand you.我几乎搞不懂你。
pretty
The twins are very pretty. 这双胞胎很漂亮。
They are pretty nice. 他们非常好看。
fast
The train is very fast. 这火车非常快。
The train runs very fast。这火车跑得非常快。
enough
I have enough money. 我有足够的钱。
I am rich enough。我足够富有。
much
I have much money我有很多钱。
Thank you very much.非常感谢你。
How much do you like China 你有多喜欢中国？
常见形容词的反义词
hot-cold warm-cool wet-dry high-low beautiful-ugly healthy-unhealthy
young-old fat-thin/slim weak-strong big-small short-tall/long
easy-hard/difficult rich-poor quick-slow careful-careless polite-impolite
good-bad better- worse best-worst many-few much-little more-less/fewer most-least far-close boring-interesting bored-interested lazy-hardworking
六、形容词的比较级和最高级
比较级和最高级的定义：
比较级用于两者之间的比较
最高级用于三者及三者以上的比较
This apple is big.
This apple is bigger than that one.
This apple is the biggest of the three.
形容词比较级和最高级的变形
直接加er或est tall- -
不发音e结尾加r或st large- -
双写加er或est big- -
改y为i加er或est busy- -
加more或most beautiful- -
特殊变形，必须记住
good-better-best bad-worse-worst
many/much-more-most little-less-least
far-farther-farthest old-older-oldest
further-furthest elder-eldest
形容词比较级的用法
(1 )、A+be+形容词比较级+than+B
The boy is shorter than the girl.
The boy is fatter than the girl.
你的头发比我长.
Your hair is longer than I . （wrong）
Your hair is longer than mine. (right)
、比较级 + and + 比较级，越来越、、、
He is taller and taller. 他越来越高了。
The house is more and more expensive.房子是越来越贵了。
、The 比较级 ， the 比较级，越、、、，就越、、、。
The more you have, the more you want. 你拥有的越多，你想要的就越多。
The happier you are, the more beautiful you will get. 你越幸福，你将越漂亮。
（4）、特殊情况：as原级as，表示A与B一样
She is as tall as her sister.她和她的姐姐一样高。
Her hair is as long as mine.她的头发和我的一样长。
形容词最高级的用法
（1）、A+be+ the + 形容词最高级 of the three/in + 范围
The boy is the tallest of the three.
This car is the most expensive one in the shop.
( 2 )、one of the +最高级 + n.复数 + 范围
You are one of the prettiest girls in our class.你是我们班最漂亮的女孩之一。
China is one of the most important countries in the world.
中国是世界上最重要的国家之一。
Exercise
( ) 1 Your room is _______ than mine.
A. three time big B. three times big
C. three times bigger D. bigger three times
( ) 2 When spring comes, it gets_______.
A. warm and warm B. colder and colder
C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter
( )3 ______ he read the book, _______ he got in it.
A. The more; the more interesting B. The less; the more interesting
C. The more; the more interested D. More; more interested
( )4 I like______ one of the two books.
A. the older B. oldest C. the oldest D. older
( ) 5 Which do you like _______, tea or coffee
A. well B. better C. best D. most
( ) 6 This work is _______ for me than for you.
A. difficult B. most difficult C. much difficult D. more difficult
( ) 7Li Lei is_______ student in our class.
A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest
( ) 8 Tom is one of _______ boys in our class.
A. tallest B. taller C. the tallest B. the tall
( ) 9 English is one of_______ spoken in the world.
A. the important languages B. the most important languages
C. most important language D. the most important language
( ) 10. Most of the people in Guangdong are getting ______.
　　A. more and rich B. more rich and more rich
　　C. richer and richer D. rich and rich
( )11. Most of the woods _______ been taken good care of.
A. are B. is C. has D. have
( )12 I'm not ________ to lift the heavy box.
A. short enough B. enough tall C. health enough D. strong enough
( )13 Which is_______, Li Lei or Wu Tong
A. strong B. strongest C. stronger D. the strongest
( )14 Do you have _______ to tell us
A. something new B. new something C. anything new D. new anythin（ ）15 She is as _______as before.
A. beautiful B.more beautiful C.most beautiful D.the most beautiful