河南省开封市2022-2023学年高二下学期7月期末考试英语试题（含解析，无听力部分）

开封市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试
英语试题
在本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上(答题注意事项见答题卡)，在本试题卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列知文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
As a photographer, have you thought about entering photo competitions Which photo competition should you enter If you’ve found yourself asking the questions, you’re in the right place. This article will induce some of the most famous photo competitions to you.
World Press Photo Awards
If you want to test your photojournalism(摄影新闻报道) skills against other more than one competition, consider joining the World Press Photo Awards. The competition has been hosted each year since 1955 and there are regional and overall winners.
Deadline: January
Entry Fees: Free
Prizes: Regional winners: ?1,000. Global winners:?6, 000.
Istanbul Photo Awards
The Istanbul Photo Awards is hosted each year by Anadolu Agency, Turkey. But you don’t need to have a base in Istanbul to enter the competition.
You can apply for several categories, including single news, story news, and categories ranging from sports to nature. The competition is organized mainly for news photographers.
Deadline: February
Entry Fees: Free
Prizes: Category winner：$3, 000. Runners-up(亚军):$1, 500. Third-placed: $ 1, 000.
Amateur Photographer of the Year
The Amateur Photographer of the Year award is held every year. You’ll have the opportunity to enter several rounds throughout the year, each of which has a different topic.
Deadline: Varies
Entry Fees: Free
Prizes: Winner gets 500(each round); 1, 000 for the overall winner. Second-placed get 1,000.Third-placed get 50. Landscape Photographer of the Year. If you live in the UK and want to show your country beauty, you might want to consider entering the competition. The competition has several categories, including city life, black and white, and classic view.
Deadline: May
Entry Fees: 9.99
Prizes: Winner: 10,000 and a book. Category winners: 1, 000 and a book. Category runners-up: a book.
1. Which competition can a photographer enter several times in a year
A Istanbul Photo Awards. B. World Press Photo Awards.
C. Amateur Photographer of the Year. D. Landscape Photographer of the Year.
2. What do World Press Photo Awards and Istanbul Photo Awards have in common
A. They require entry fees.
B. They set three levels of prizes.
C. They are hosted in the same month each year.
D. They are mainly held for news photographers.
3. A category winner who enters Landscape Photographer of the Year can get
A. ?2,000 B. ?1,000 C. ?3,000 D. ?10,000
B
Seventeen-year-old Lansing resident Maggie Callendar created a unique fundraiser for the Capital Area Humane Society. “I have two animals here. Fiber is my rabbit, and Ernie is my guinea Pig, and I want to try and find the best way to photograph them,” Maggie said. “Ernie is a lot more trained than Fiber is, but, you know, I work with what I have.”
Maggie has been working a lot, taking photos of Ernie and Fiber and turning them into works of art. “I was brainstorming ways, things I could do, and I figured creating calendars using those pictures would be a good idea. I got that idea from my last name, so that made sense to me,” she said.
So, Maggie started selling calendars featuring Ernie, Fiber and hero her guinea pigs, which have become a huge hit. Maggie says since she started her calendar business six years ago, she has made close to $6,000 in profits and donated it all to the Capital Area Humane Society. This year, instead of creating calendars, Maggie started a line of greeting cards.
Penny Myers, Director of Community Relations at Capital Area Humane Society, says Maggie is wonderful. “We like to call her magnificent (高尚的) Maggie,” Myers said. “As a nonprofit organization, we depend on donations to continue our mission. So, we are so grateful to Maggie for her kind heart and love of animals and for supporting what we do.”
Maggie’s mom, Becky, says Maggie is always thinking about how she can help other. “During the COVID-19 pandemic, she wanted to do something to help our community. We made masks and delivered them to the neighborhood.”
Maggie says she has a big fund ring goal this year too. “I would like to hit $1,000. If I hit that, I’ll be happy,” Maggie said.
4. What inspired Maggie to make calendars
A. Her family name. B. Her two cute pets.
C. Her pictures of calendars. D. Her experience as a volunteer.
5. What can we learn about Maggie’s business
A. It has grown into a charity.
B. It has earned her little money.
C. It has started to make a new product.
D. It has planned to support animal protection.
6. Why did Myers thank Maggie
A. Maggie took photos of her animals.
B. Maggie helped her set up her business.
C. Maggie promised to join her organization.
D. Maggie contributed money to her organization.
7. Which of the following can best describe Maggie
A. Friendly and quite humorous.
B. Creative and socially responsible.
C. Determined and very courageous.
D. Confident and endlessly patient.
C
It’s 9:30 A.M. in Los Angeles. Jamiah Hargins pulls a few short, green-leafed plants out of the ground in his West Adams backyard, revealing the peanuts (花生). He opens one and gives it a taste.
Hargins started growing food at home because he wanted more nutritious options for his family. He soon found that he grew more than they could eat, so he turned to social media to start a “crop swap (交换)” with neighbors who were dealing with a similar situation. Launched in 2018, Crop Swap LA has since moved towards a more expansive yard-sharing model.
Hargins’ attempt at urban farming was also driven by bigger concerns. A 2016 Deloitte study identified a shift in the priorities shoppers said helped determine their choices, with social impact values including local sourcing and sustainability (可持续性) now ranking alongside traditional drivers like “taste” and “price”.
Crop Swap LA has branched into farmer’s markets, workshops for kids, and other community-focused offerings. It encourages homeowners to “share” their yards with the Crop Swap LA team, which will plant crops. When the crops are harvested, they’ll be sold primarily in low-income areas. Ten percent will be donated back to the neighborhood where they were grown and then an additional percentage will be sold in higher-income areas. Some funds made are given back to the landowner, which Hargins expects will amount to about $5,000 annually.
This summer, Crop Swap LA received $50,000 from the LA 2050 Grant Challenge, which was used to change their first seven gardens, One homeowner, Mychal Creer, is a Los Angeles native who said he has always wanted to grow food but never real got the ball rolling. He’s excited to watch his land transform. And he’s excited to meet more neighbors.
“I’m glad that we are creating a community using crops as the means of connection,” Creer said.
8. Why did Hargins start growing food in his backyard
A. He followed the example of his neighbors.
B. He hoped to make a profit by selling the food.
C. He wanted to provide healthy food for his family.
D. He learned about the benefits of home-grown food on social media.
9. What is an extra consideration about the produce when people go shopping now
A. Whether it is grown through modern farming method.
B. Whether it is popular among local consumer.
C. Whether it is grown by professional farmer.
D. Whether it is friendly to the environment.
10. What can we learn about Crop Swap LA’s yard-sharing program
A. It brings food and profit to the landowner.
B. It mainly attracts people from low-income areas.
C. It will help the growers make up to $5,000 every year.
D. It donates ten percent of the food to low-income families.
11. How does Creer benefit from Crop Swap LA’s program
A. He feels a stronger sense of connection.
B. He has made $50,000 from the lands so far.
C. His garden has become more beautiful than before.
D. He enjoys greater popularity among his neighbors.
D
Wisdom teeth seem like a biological mistake, leading to millions of surgeries per year. But for some people, these “extra” teeth come up just fine, while others don’t get them at all. What’s the biological story here
According to the standard story, before surgical intervention, people with impacted wisdom teeth expired. Those lacking the problematic teeth increased in number, passing on genes for reduced numbers of teeth to future generations. Today, thanks to dental surgeons, individuals with impacted teeth survive and contribute to the gene pool.
But decades of research challenges this survival-of-the-toothless explanation. Many scholars now propose that wisdom teeth problems originate from our eating softer foods as children, made possible by farming and industrialization. Here’s the theory: Compared to wild resources consumed by hunter-gatherers, agricultural and processed foods are softer. Hard food during childhood seems to stimulate jaw growth, allowing mouths to grow large enough for more teeth. Soft food doesn’t require enough of a chewing workout to maximize jaw growth potential.
Around 12,000 years ago, humans began to experiment with farming, and this lifestyle ultimately took hold in most societies. Domesticated products, like wheat flour and cow’s milk, make for much softer diets than wild foods. What’s more, the industrialization of food production has really softened our meals. So the idea is that processed and/or agricultural diets reduce the stress on our jaws necessary to result in full growth when we reach early adulthood. By the time we’re reaching adulthood, there may not be enough space to accommodate our final molars (臼齿).
This theory is supported by research. For example, a 201l paper measured skulls housed in museums from six farming and five hunter-gatherer groups. The farmers, raised on softer foods, consistently had shorter jaws, which would have provided less space for tooth formation.
Consequently, many dental scientists recommend parents put some additional raw fruits, vegetables and nuts on kids’ plates, which could potentially prevent later wisdom teeth removals.
12. What does the underlined word “expired” in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Suffered. B. Complained. C. Died. D. Failed.
13. Which of the following describes hunter-gatherer
A. They tended to have very large jaws.
B. They hated food requiring a chewing workout.
C. They were often troubled by impacted wisdom teeth.
D. They believed in the survival-of-the-toothless theory.
14. What do dental scientists suggest parents do
A. Bring their kids to the dentist regularly.
B. Increase the number of hard foods in their kids’ diet.
C. Get more kids’ tooth formation knowledge.
D. Encourage their kids to eat more cooked vegetables.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. What role do genes play in our tooth formation
B. What can we do to accommodate our final molars
C. Why do some people have reduced numbers of teeth
D. Why do humans have wisdom teeth that need to be removed
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What do a picturesque sunrise, a nice cup of coffee, and holiday celebrations have in common ____16____Being open about your feelings can be rewarding. Here are some reasons for sharing your feelings with others.
Expressing your feelings connects you with others. When it comes to relationships with your family and significant others knowing how to express your feelings is the key to creating intimacy (亲密关系).____17____However, it is that sincere revelation(透露) that enables you to bond with your loved ones.
_____18_____In a study, after participants expressed their emotions, brain images showed a decrease in the brain activity in the amygdala, the part of the brain associated with feelings, indicating a calming effect on the brain. The researchers concluded that talking through emotions decreases the strength of these emotions.
Sharing your feelings boosts health. According to The New York Times, holding everything inside and not expressing your emotions can be harmful.____19____But choosing to appropriately share them benefits you mentally and physically. By doing so, you can normalize your speaking about emotions and emotional needs. This can help not just you, but also others.
Speaking about your emotions enables you to get help. When you put what’s in your mind into words, you are making that experience or emotion real, instead of ignoring it. That’s a way of recognizing yourself. Moreover, talking about your feelings allows your loved ones to help you. They are naturally concerned about your well-being.____20____
All in all, accept your feelings, even negative ones and learn to manage them. Practice sharing your feelings on a regular basis, and you will benefit a lot.
A. Opening up keeps emotional intensity down.
B. Sharing your emotions improves brain function.
C. Telling others about the depths of your feelings can be scary.
D. If so, you’d better avoid judging yourself and other people.
E. These are all wonderful experiences that you can share with loved ones.
F. By letting them know what you’re experiencing, you can get their support.
G. That may cause increased stress levels and risk of developing related diseases.
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B，C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A grandmother was filmed taking notes during a Marvel superhero movie marathon, which at this point includes 30 movies. She wanted to be closer to her____21____and talk to them about their____22____
Cheryl Skiados, who is in her 70s, has 13 grandkids____23____, aged from 6 to 22, and they’re all big Marvel fans. Rather than writing off their interests as silly, as grandparents are ____24____doing, she decided to try to get on the same ____25____as them.
“I just ____26____my grandparents, and I noticed my grandma was making her way through all the Marvel movies,” said 18-year-old Jackson. “She was____27____them in the order they came out and she asked if I wanted to watch one with her, so of course, I said yes____28____.”
“I think it really shows how much she____29____her grandchildren, because she is willing to______30______there for hours and watch superhero movies, and take notes on them, just so she can have something______31______to talk to her grandkids about.”
The video has ______32______the hearts of many online and racked up(累计) nearly seven million views, and hundreds of thousands of likes, along with it.
“We all ______33______Grandma is getting the recognition she deserves for being a(n)______34______grandmother,” said Jackson.
Skiados, in response to the______35______, says she “thinks it’s funny,” and “her heart was warmed by all the comments.”
21. A. grandparents B. grandkids C. neighbors D. friends
22. A. dreams B. feelings C. needs D. interests
23. A. in mind B. in return C. in total D. in time
24. A. used to B. tired of C. afraid of D. satisfied with
25. A. schedule B. train C. level D. wave
26. A. put up with B. moved in with C. heard back from D. stepped away from
27. A. watching B. listing C. remembering D. counting
28 A. firmly` B. unwillingly C. abruptly D. gratefully
29. A. knows about B. agrees with C. cares about D. believes in
30. A. hide B. sleep C. wait D. sit
31. A. necessary B. serious C. important D. extra
32 A. changed B. touched C. broken D. hardened
33. A. think B. worry C. guess D. wish
34. A. new B. amazing C. single D. blind
35. A. question B. threat C. attention D. request
第Ⅱ卷
注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在试卷上无效。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Gardeners usually spend much time thinking about insects. They find ____36____ necessary not only to keep the wrong insects away but also to attract the right ones, such as pollinators (授粉昆虫). But in the last two hundred years, over 40 species of pollinators ____37____(go) extinct, partly because of the ____38____(disappear) of the plants they relied on.
Now, a new database, DoPI, may help change the situation. It covers publications and data sets ____39____(explain) over 300,000 pollination interactions. Users can look up ____40____(practice) information about thousands of pollinators and plants. “We hope people can use the database to select pollinator-friendly species to plant in their gardens and ____41____(equal) importantly, to know which plants shouldn’t be weeded,” said Dr. Nicholas. “____42____ stands out from the data is that many common garden weeds are connected with various pollinator species.”
The database isn’t just ____43____ researchers. It can also help people like beekeepers and gardeners. Meanwhile, government departments and conservationists can use the information ____44____(contain) in DoPI to drive policy decisions. Currently, DoPI focuses on native British plants and pollinators. Researchers from other countries have contacted the creators of DoPI for cooperation so that they can be well equipped _____45_____(establish) similar databases in their regions.
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华。昨晚你在网上看到了一段很火的小视频，视频中两位身着古装的主持人邀请现场观众参与有关中国文化方面的知识问答。请你给你的美国笔友Susan分享这件事，内容包括：
1. 简述该节目；
2. 你的感受；
3. 你的期待。
注意：
1. 词数80词左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Susan,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。
“Ellie! Ellie! I can’t till your birthday, so here! Open it” 11-year-old Alana shouted on afternoon. She had brought her elder sister Ellie a gift-wrapped box a week before her birthday.
Ellie accepted the box with a smile. However, she asked her sister for help because her arms were too weak that day.
Ellie had cerebral palsy (脑瘫), and she was in a wheelchair. Sometimes, her arms and legs were too weak.
Alana helped her sister with the wrapping, showing a beautiful new Barbie that 12-year-old Ellie looked at closely. Suddenly, her eyes watered, and Alana hugged her tightly, thinking she was happy to receive the gift.
“Isn’t it cool I saved all my pocket money for it,” Alana proudly said, holding her sister close.
“It’s just… she’s pretty, not like me! I’ll never look like that!” Ellie cried some more.
This was not uncommon. Ellie often cried over not looking like other girls, including her little sister, who was tall and getting more beautiful each day. Her family tried their best to comfort her as she complained about her situation.
“Ellie, think about Natalie. She’s the most beautiful girl ever, and she’s in a wheelchair, just like you!” Alana reminded her.
Natalie was an older girl in their local high school who worked as a model. She had been disabled at a young age, but was now an inspiration to their town.
Ellie and Alana loved Natalie. She was their idol, and their parents had even printed a few pictures off her Instagram so the girls could stick them on their walls.
“You’re right. I must think of Natalie and what she would say in this situation. What do you think she would say ” Ellie asked her little sister. “I think Natalie would encourage us to play with whatever dolls we wanted,” Alana said happily, making Ellie laugh. The tears stopped, and they went to Ellie’s room to play with their Barbies.
A week later, it was finally Elle’s birthday, and she received many amazing gifts. Many people and friends showed up.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly, the music in the backyard stopped.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Ellie couldn’t wait to see what present her idol had brought.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
开封市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试
英语试题 答案解析
在本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上(答题注意事项见答题卡)，在本试题卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列知文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
As a photographer, have you thought about entering photo competitions Which photo competition should you enter If you’ve found yourself asking the questions, you’re in the right place. This article will induce some of the most famous photo competitions to you.
World Press Photo Awards
If you want to test your photojournalism(摄影新闻报道) skills against other more than one competition, consider joining the World Press Photo Awards. The competition has been hosted each year since 1955 and there are regional and overall winners.
Deadline: January
Entry Fees: Free
Prizes: Regional winners: ?1,000. Global winners:?6, 000.
Istanbul Photo Awards
The Istanbul Photo Awards is hosted each year by Anadolu Agency, Turkey. But you don’t need to have a base in Istanbul to enter the competition.
You can apply for several categories, including single news, story news, and categories ranging from sports to nature. The competition is organized mainly for news photographers.
Deadline: February
Entry Fees: Free
Prizes: Category winner：$3, 000. Runners-up(亚军):$1, 500. Third-placed: $ 1, 000.
Amateur Photographer of the Year
The Amateur Photographer of the Year award is held every year. You’ll have the opportunity to enter several rounds throughout the year, each of which has a different topic.
Deadline: Varies
Entry Fees: Free
Prizes: Winner gets 500(each round); 1, 000 for the overall winner. Second-placed get 1,000.Third-placed get 50. Landscape Photographer of the Year. If you live in the UK and want to show your country beauty, you might want to consider entering the competition. The competition has several categories, including city life, black and white, and classic view.
Deadline: May
Entry Fees: 9.99
Prizes: Winner: 10,000 and a book. Category winners: 1, 000 and a book. Category runners-up: a book.
1. Which competition can a photographer enter several times in a year
A. Istanbul Photo Awards. B. World Press Photo Awards.
C. Amateur Photographer of the Year. D. Landscape Photographer of the Year.
2. What do World Press Photo Awards and Istanbul Photo Awards have in common
A. They require entry fees.
B. They set three levels of prizes.
C. They are hosted in the same month each year.
D. They are mainly held for news photographers.
3. A category winner who enters Landscape Photographer of the Year can get
A. ?2,000 B. ?1,000 C. ?3,000 D. ?10,000
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了几个著名的摄影比赛。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Amateur Photographer of the Year(年度业余摄影师)”部分的“The Amateur Photographer of the Year award is held every year. You’ll have the opportunity to enter several rounds throughout the year, each of which has a different topic(年度业余摄影师奖每年都会举行。你将有机会参加全年的几轮比赛，每一轮都有不同的主题)”可知，在年度业余摄影师比赛中，摄影师可以在一年中参加几次比赛，故选C项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据“World Press Photo Awards(世界新闻摄影奖)”部分的“If you want to test your photojournalism(摄影新闻报道) skills against other more than one competition, consider joining the World Press Photo Awards(如果你想在不止一场比赛中测试你的新闻摄影技能；考虑参加世界新闻摄影奖)”以及“Istanbul Photo Awards(伊斯坦布尔摄影奖)”部分的“The competition is organized mainly for news photographers(比赛主要为新闻摄影师组织)”可推理出，两种摄影比赛的共同之处是它们主要为新闻摄影师组织，故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Amateur Photographer of the Year(年度业余摄影师)”部分的“Category winners: 1, 000(类别奖：1000英镑)”可知，一个进入年度风景摄影师的类别获奖者可以得到1000英镑，故选B项。
B
Seventeen-year-old Lansing resident Maggie Callendar created a unique fundraiser for the Capital Area Humane Society. “I have two animals here. Fiber is my rabbit, and Ernie is my guinea Pig, and I want to try and find the best way to photograph them,” Maggie said. “Ernie is a lot more trained than Fiber is, but, you know, I work with what I have.”
Maggie has been working a lot, taking photos of Ernie and Fiber and turning them into works of art. “I was brainstorming ways, things I could do, and I figured creating calendars using those pictures would be a good idea. I got that idea from my last name, so that made sense to me,” she said.
So, Maggie started selling calendars featuring Ernie, Fiber and hero her guinea pigs, which have become a huge hit. Maggie says since she started her calendar business six years ago, she has made close to $6,000 in profits and donated it all to the Capital Area Humane Society. This year, instead of creating calendars, Maggie started a line of greeting cards.
Penny Myers, Director of Community Relations at Capital Area Humane Society, says Maggie is wonderful. “We like to call her magnificent (高尚的) Maggie,” Myers said. “As a nonprofit organization, we depend on donations to continue our mission. So, we are so grateful to Maggie for her kind heart and love of animals and for supporting what we do.”
Maggie’s mom, Becky, says Maggie is always thinking about how she can help other. “During the COVID-19 pandemic, she wanted to do something to help our community. We made masks and delivered them to the neighborhood.”
Maggie says she has a big fund ring goal this year too. “I would like to hit $1,000. If I hit that, I’ll be happy,” Maggie said.
4. What inspired Maggie to make calendars
A Her family name. B. Her two cute pets.
C. Her pictures of calendars. D. Her experience as a volunteer.
5. What can we learn about Maggie’s business
A. It has grown into a charity.
B. It has earned her little money.
C. It has started to make a new product.
D. It has planned to support animal protection.
6. Why did Myers thank Maggie
A. Maggie took photos of her animals.
B. Maggie helped her set up her business.
C. Maggie promised to join her organization.
D. Maggie contributed money to her organization.
7. Which of the following can best describe Maggie
A. Friendly and quite humorous.
B. Creative and socially responsible.
C. Determined and very courageous.
D. Confident and endlessly patient.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了女孩Maggie从自己的姓氏得到灵感，售卖由自己的宠物照片制成的日历，将赚取的利润捐给非营利组织的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中Maggie所说的话“I got that idea from my last name, so that made sense to me (我从我的姓氏中得到了这个想法，所以这对我来说是有意义的)”可知，Maggie的姓氏激发了她制作日历的灵感。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“This year, instead of creating calendars, Maggie started a line of greeting cards. (今年，Maggie没有制作日历，而是开始制作贺卡系列)”可知，Maggie开始制作新的产品。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Maggie says since she started her calendar business six years ago, she has made close to $6,000 in profits and donated it all to the Capital Area Humane Society. (Maggie说，自从她六年前开始做日历生意以来，她已经赚了近6000美元的利润，并把这些钱全部捐给了首都地区人道主义协会)”可知，Myers感谢Maggie是因为Maggie为她的组织捐了款。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，女孩Maggie为了能够提供帮助，从自己的姓氏得到灵感，想出了一个很好的主意，售卖由自己的宠物照片制成的日历，把赚取的利润捐给非营利组织，而且在新冠肺炎疫情期间她也想办法制作口罩帮助社区。由此可知，她具有创造力和社会责任感。故选B项。
C
It’s 9:30 A.M. in Los Angeles. Jamiah Hargins pulls a few short, green-leafed plants out of the ground in his West Adams backyard, revealing the peanuts (花生). He opens one and gives it a taste.
Hargins started growing food at home because he wanted more nutritious options for his family. He soon found that he grew more than they could eat, so he turned to social media to start a “crop swap (交换)” with neighbors who were dealing with a similar situation. Launched in 2018, Crop Swap LA has since moved towards a more expansive yard-sharing model.
Hargins’ attempt at urban farming was also driven by bigger concerns. A 2016 Deloitte study identified a shift in the priorities shoppers said helped determine their choices, with social impact values including local sourcing and sustainability (可持续性) now ranking alongside traditional drivers like “taste” and “price”.
Crop Swap LA has branched into farmer’s markets, workshops for kids, and other community-focused offerings. It encourages homeowners to “share” their yards with the Crop Swap LA team, which will plant crops. When the crops are harvested, they’ll be sold primarily in low-income areas. Ten percent will be donated back to the neighborhood where they were grown and then an additional percentage will be sold in higher-income areas. Some funds made are given back to the landowner, which Hargins expects will amount to about $5,000 annually.
This summer, Crop Swap LA received $50,000 from the LA 2050 Grant Challenge, which was used to change their first seven gardens, One homeowner, Mychal Creer, is a Los Angeles native who said he has always wanted to grow food but never real got the ball rolling. He’s excited to watch his land transform. And he’s excited to meet more neighbors.
“I’m glad that we are creating a community using crops as the means of connection,” Creer said.
8. Why did Hargins start growing food in his backyard
A. He followed the example of his neighbors.
B. He hoped to make a profit by selling the food.
C. He wanted to provide healthy food for his family.
D. He learned about the benefits of home-grown food on social media.
9. What is an extra consideration about the produce when people go shopping now
A. Whether it is grown through modern farming method.
B. Whether it is popular among local consumer.
C. Whether it is grown by professional farmer.
D. Whether it is friendly to the environment.
10. What can we learn about Crop Swap LA’s yard-sharing program
A. It brings food and profit to the landowner.
B. It mainly attracts people from low-income areas.
C. It will help the growers make up to $5,000 every year.
D. It donates ten percent of the food to low-income families.
11. How does Creer benefit from Crop Swap LA’s program
A. He feels a stronger sense of connection.
B. He has made $50,000 from the lands so far.
C. His garden has become more beautiful than before.
D. He enjoys greater popularity among his neighbors.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了美国洛杉矶的农作物交换共享计划的推行和发展情况，以及人们对此的想法。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Hargins started growing food at home because he wanted more nutritious options for his family. (Hargins开始在家里种植食物，因为他想为家人提供更多有营养的选择。)”可知，Hargins开始在后院种植食物是因为他想为家人提供健康的食物。故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“A 2016 Deloitte study identified a shift in the priorities shoppers said helped determine their choices, with social impact values including local sourcing and sustainability (可持续性) now ranking alongside traditional drivers like “taste” and “price”. (2016年德勤的一项研究发现，购物者认为有助于决定他们选择的优先事项发生了变化，包括当地采购和可持续性在内的社会影响价值现在与“口味”和“价格”等传统驱动因素并列。)”可知，现在人们购买农产品时会优先考虑当地种植、有可持续性的产品。由此可知，是否对环境友好是他们额外考虑的一个因素。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“When the crops are harvested, they’ll be sold primarily in low-income areas. Ten percent will be donated back to the neighborhood where they were grown and then an additional percentage will be sold in higher-income areas. Some funds made are given back to the landowner, which Hargins expects will amount to about $5,000 annually. (当作物收获后，它们将主要在低收入地区出售。10%将捐赠给种植它们的社区，然后额外的百分比将出售给高收入地区。一些资金会返还给土地所有者，Hargins预计这笔资金每年将达到5000美元左右。)”可知，该庭院共享计划会把收获的10%的作物捐给种植的社区，并返还一些资金。由此可知，它给土地所有者带来食物和利润。故选A项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“And he’s excited to meet more neighbors. (他很高兴能见到更多的邻居。)”和最后一段中Creer所说的话“I’m glad that we are creating a community using crops as the means of connection (我很高兴我们正在创建一个以农作物作为联系手段的社区)”可知，通过该计划，Creer有机会与更多邻居相处，他感受到一种更强烈的联系感。故选A项。
D
Wisdom teeth seem like a biological mistake, leading to millions of surgeries per year. But for some people, these “extra” teeth come up just fine, while others don’t get them at all. What’s the biological story here
According to the standard story, before surgical intervention, people with impacted wisdom teeth expired. Those lacking the problematic teeth increased in number, passing on genes for reduced numbers of teeth to future generations. Today, thanks to dental surgeons, individuals with impacted teeth survive and contribute to the gene pool.
But decades of research challenges this survival-of-the-toothless explanation. Many scholars now propose that wisdom teeth problems originate from our eating softer foods as children, made possible by farming and industrialization. Here’s the theory: Compared to wild resources consumed by hunter-gatherers, agricultural and processed foods are softer. Hard food during childhood seems to stimulate jaw growth, allowing mouths to grow large enough for more teeth. Soft food doesn’t require enough of a chewing workout to maximize jaw growth potential.
Around 12,000 years ago, humans began to experiment with farming, and this lifestyle ultimately took hold in most societies. Domesticated products, like wheat flour and cow’s milk, make for much softer diets than wild foods. What’s more, the industrialization of food production has really softened our meals. So the idea is that processed and/or agricultural diets reduce the stress on our jaws necessary to result in full growth when we reach early adulthood. By the time we’re reaching adulthood, there may not be enough space to accommodate our final molars (臼齿).
This theory is supported by research. For example, a 201l paper measured skulls housed in museums from six farming and five hunter-gatherer groups. The farmers, raised on softer foods, consistently had shorter jaws, which would have provided less space for tooth formation.
Consequently, many dental scientists recommend parents put some additional raw fruits, vegetables and nuts on kids’ plates, which could potentially prevent later wisdom teeth removals.
12. What does the underlined word “expired” in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Suffered. B. Complained. C. Died. D. Failed.
13. Which of the following describes hunter-gatherer
A. They tended to have very large jaws.
B. They hated food requiring a chewing workout.
C. They were often troubled by impacted wisdom teeth.
D. They believed in the survival-of-the-toothless theory.
14. What do dental scientists suggest parents do
A. Bring their kids to the dentist regularly.
B. Increase the number of hard foods in their kids’ diet.
C. Get more kids’ tooth formation knowledge.
D. Encourage their kids to eat more cooked vegetables.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. What role do genes play in our tooth formation
B. What can we do to accommodate our final molars
C. Why do some people have reduced numbers of teeth
D. Why do humans have wisdom teeth that need to be removed
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类智齿背后的生物学原理，现在许多学者认为智齿问题源于我们小时候摄入的软的食物，而这种变化是农业化和工业化带来的结果，因此牙科科学家建议父母可以给孩童增加硬的食物的摄入，从而避免智齿问题。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词后的“Those lacking the problematic teeth increased in number, passing on genes for reduced numbers of teeth to future generations. Today, thanks to dental surgeons, individuals with impacted teeth survive and contribute to the gene pool. (没有问题牙齿的人数量增加，将减少牙齿数量的基因传递给后代。今天，多亏了牙科外科医生，牙齿受损的人得以存活，并为基因库做出了贡献。)”可知，在牙科手术干预之前，没有问题牙齿的人会存活下来，传递这种基因，有了牙科手术干预之后，牙齿受损的人才得以存活。由此可知，长有受损的智齿的人之前会死亡，expired意为“死亡”。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Here’s the theory: Compared to wild resources consumed by hunter-gatherers, agricultural and processed foods are softer. Hard food during childhood seems to stimulate jaw growth, allowing mouths to grow large enough for more teeth. Soft food doesn’t require enough of a chewing workout to maximize jaw growth potential. (理论是这样的：与狩猎采集者食用的野生资源相比，农业和加工食品更柔软。童年时期硬的食物似乎会刺激下颌的生长，使嘴长得足够大，可以长出更多的牙齿。软的食物不需要足够的咀嚼锻炼来最大化下颌的生长潜力。)”可知，狩猎采集者食用的野生资源比较坚硬，可以刺激他们的下颌生长。由此可知，他们的下颌往往很大。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Consequently, many dental scientists recommend parents put some additional raw fruits, vegetables and nuts on kids’ plates, which could potentially prevent later wisdom teeth removals. (因此，许多牙科科学家建议父母在孩子的盘子里多放一些生水果、蔬菜和坚果，这可能会防止孩子后来拔掉智齿。)”可知，牙科科学家建议父母在孩子的饮食中增加硬的食物的数量。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段“Wisdom teeth seem like a biological mistake, leading to millions of surgeries per year. But for some people, these “extra” teeth come up just fine, while others don’t get them at all. What’s the biological story here (智齿似乎是一种生物学上的错误，每年导致数百万人进行手术。但对一些人来说，这些“‘多余’”牙齿长得很好，而另一些人根本没有。这其中的生物学原理是什么？)”可知，文章主要介绍了人类智齿背后的生物学原理，提供了以前的解释和目前更广为接受的解释。因此，D项“为什么人类有需要拔掉的智齿？”可概括文章大意，突出了核心内容，最适合作为标题。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What do a picturesque sunrise, a nice cup of coffee, and holiday celebrations have in common ____16____Being open about your feelings can be rewarding. Here are some reasons for sharing your feelings with others.
Expressing your feelings connects you with others. When it comes to relationships with your family and significant others, knowing how to express your feelings is the key to creating intimacy (亲密关系).____17____However, it is that sincere revelation(透露) that enables you to bond with your loved ones.
_____18_____In a study, after participants expressed their emotions, brain images showed a decrease in the brain activity in the amygdala, the part of the brain associated with feelings, indicating a calming effect on the brain. The researchers concluded that talking through emotions decreases the strength of these emotions.
Sharing your feelings boosts health. According to The New York Times, holding everything inside and not expressing your emotions can be harmful.____19____But choosing to appropriately share them benefits you mentally and physically. By doing so, you can normalize your speaking about emotions and emotional needs. This can help not just you, but also others.
Speaking about your emotions enables you to get help. When you put what’s in your mind into words, you are making that experience or emotion real, instead of ignoring it. That’s a way of recognizing yourself. Moreover, talking about your feelings allows your loved ones to help you. They are naturally concerned about your well-being.____20____
All in all, accept your feelings, even negative ones and learn to manage them. Practice sharing your feelings on a regular basis, and you will benefit a lot.
A. Opening up keeps emotional intensity down.
B. Sharing your emotions improves brain function.
C. Telling others about the depths of your feelings can be scary.
D. If so, you’d better avoid judging yourself and other people.
E. These are all wonderful experiences that you can share with loved ones.
F. By letting them know what you’re experiencing you can get their support.
G. That may cause increased stress levels and risk of developing related diseases.
【答案】16. E 17. C 18. B 19. G 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。与别人分享感受是有益的，文章简要介绍了向别人分享感受的几个理由。
【16题详解】
空格前的句子“What do a picturesque sunrise, a nice cup of coffee, and holiday celebrations have in common (风景如画的日出、一杯美味的咖啡和节日庆祝有什么共同之处？)”提出了一个问题，所以空格处的句子应该回答上文的问题，与E项“These are all wonderful experiences that you can share with loved ones(这些都是美好的经历，你可以与所爱的人分享)”正是对上文问题的回答，和上一句是顺接关系。故选E项。
【17题详解】
根据下文“However, it is that sincere revelation(透露) that enables you to bond with your loved ones.( 然而，正是这种真诚的吐露使你能够与你所爱的人建立联系)”可知，下文在话题转折后讲的是表达情感的好处，可推理出上文讲的是表达情感的不利之处，与C项“Telling others about the depths of your feelings can be scary(告诉别人你内心深处的感受可能会让人害怕)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“In a study, after participants expressed their emotions, brain images showed a decrease in the brain activity in the amygdala, the part of the brain associated with feelings, indicating a calming effect on the brain(在一项研究中，在参与者表达自己的情绪后，大脑图像显示杏仁核的大脑活动减少，杏仁核是大脑中与感觉相关的部分，这表明它对大脑有镇静作用)”可知，此处上下文说的是分享情绪可以改善大脑的功能，与B项“Sharing your emotions improves brain function(分享你的情绪可以改善大脑功能)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“holding everything inside and not expressing your emotions can be harmful(把所有东西都藏在心里，不表达自己的情绪可能是有害的)”可知此处上下文说的是不表达情绪对身体的危害，与G项“That may cause increased stress levels and risk of developing related diseases(这可能会导致压力增加，并增加患相关疾病的风险)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Moreover, talking about your feelings allows your loved ones to help you. They are naturally concerned about your well-being(另外，谈论你的感受可以让你所爱的人帮助你。他们自然关心你的健康)”可知此处上下文说的是向你所爱的人分享感受，并获得他们的支持，与F项“By letting them know what you’re experiencing, you can get their support(通过让他们知道你正在经历什么，你可以得到他们的支持)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B，C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A grandmother was filmed taking notes during a Marvel superhero movie marathon, which at this point includes 30 movies. She wanted to be closer to her____21____and talk to them about their____22____
Cheryl Skiados, who is in her 70s, has 13 grandkids____23____, aged from 6 to 22, and they’re all big Marvel fans. Rather than writing off their interests as silly, as grandparents are ____24____doing, she decided to try to get on the same ____25____as them.
“I just ____26____my grandparents, and I noticed my grandma was making her way through all the Marvel movies,” said 18-year-old Jackson. “She was____27____them in the order they came out and she asked if I wanted to watch one with her, so of course, I said yes____28____.”
“I think it really shows how much she____29____her grandchildren, because she is willing to______30______there for hours and watch superhero movies, and take notes on them, just so she can have something______31______to talk to her grandkids about.”
The video has ______32______the hearts of many online and racked up(累计) nearly seven million views, and hundreds of thousands of likes, along with it.
“We all ______33______Grandma is getting the recognition she deserves for being a(n)______34______grandmother,” said Jackson.
Skiados, in response to the______35______, says she “thinks it’s funny,” and “her heart was warmed by all the comments.”
21. A. grandparents B. grandkids C. neighbors D. friends
22. A. dreams B. feelings C. needs D. interests
23. A. in mind B. in return C. in total D. in time
24. A. used to B. tired of C. afraid of D. satisfied with
25. A. schedule B. train C. level D. wave
26. A. put up with B. moved in with C. heard back from D. stepped away from
27. A. watching B. listing C. remembering D. counting
28. A. firmly` B. unwillingly C. abruptly D. gratefully
29. A. knows about B. agrees with C. cares about D. believes in
30. A. hide B. sleep C. wait D. sit
31. A. necessary B. serious C. important D. extra
32. A. changed B. touched C. broken D. hardened
33. A. think B. worry C. guess D. wish
34. A. new B. amazing C. single D. blind
35. A. question B. threat C. attention D. request
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了七十多岁的祖母为了能和孙子孙女们有共同的话题观看漫威的全部电影并做笔记，被热心网友点赞的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她想与孙子拉近距离，和他们谈谈他们的兴趣。A. grandparents祖父母；B. grandkids孙子；C. neighbors邻居；D. friends朋友。根据上文“A grandmother was filmed taking notes during a Marvel superhero movie marathon, which at this point includes 30 movies.(一位祖母被拍到在看漫威超级英雄电影的马拉松期间做笔记，目前已经有30部电影了。)”以及下文“they’re all big Marvel fans(他们都是漫威的铁杆粉丝)”可知，祖母是为了与孙子拉近距离而在看漫威超级英雄电影的马拉松期间做笔记，故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. dreams梦想；B. feelings感觉；C. needs需要；D. interests兴趣。根据上文“A grandmother was filmed taking notes during a Marvel superhero movie marathon(一位祖母被拍到在看漫威超级英雄电影的马拉松期间做笔记)”以及下文“they’re all big Marvel fans(他们都是漫威的铁杆粉丝)”可推理出，祖母想和孙子们谈论的是他们的兴趣爱好，故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：70多岁的Cheryl Skiados共有13个孙子，年龄从6岁到22岁不等，他们都是漫威的铁杆粉丝。A. in mind在心里；B. in return作为回报；C. in total总共；D. in time及时。根据上文“13 grandkids(13个孙子)”可知这是Cheryl Skiados的孙子的人数总数，故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：她没有像祖父母们惯有的那样认为他们的爱好很愚蠢，而是决定试着和他们有共同话题。A. (be) used to习惯于；B. (be) tired of厌烦；C. (be) afraid of害怕；D. (be) satisfied with对……感到满意。根据上文“writing off their interests as silly(认为他们的爱好很愚蠢)”可知上文说的是祖父母们习惯性的做法，be used to doing为固定搭配，含义为“习惯于做某事”，符合语境，故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. schedule日程表；B. train火车；C. level水平；D. wave波浪。根据上文“A grandmother was filmed taking notes during a Marvel superhero movie marathon(一位祖母被拍到在漫威电影超级马拉松中做笔记)”以及下文“they’re all big Marvel fans(他们都是漫威的铁杆粉丝)”可知，祖母是为了想要和孙子们有共同话题而在漫威电影超级马拉松中做笔记，get on the same level为习惯搭配，可翻译为“与……有共同话题、在同一水平”，符合语境，故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：18岁的杰克逊说：“我刚搬来和我的祖父母住在一起，我注意到我的祖母正在看漫威所有的电影。”。A. put up with忍受；B. moved in with搬进与……同住；C. heard back from收到回复；D. stepped away from从某个地方或某人身边悄悄离开一段距离。根据上文“I just(我刚刚……)”下文“I noticed my grandma was making her way through all the Marvel movies(我注意到我的奶奶正在看漫威所有的电影)”可推理出18岁的杰克逊刚刚搬来和祖父母住在一起，故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她按照它们出版的顺序观看，她问我是否想和她一起看一场，所以我当然坚定地答应了。A. watching观看；B. listing列举；C. remembering记得；D. counting数。根据下文“in the order they came out(按照它们出版的顺序)”可推理出祖母在观看电影，故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. firmly坚定地；B. unwillingly不情愿地；C. abruptly突然地；D. gratefully感激地。根据上文“they’re all big Marvel fans(他们都是漫威的铁杆粉丝)”以及“she asked if I wanted to watch one with her(她问我是否想和她一起看一场)”可推理出杰克逊作为漫威的铁杆粉丝很坚定地答应与祖母一起看一场漫威电影，故选A项。
29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我认为这真的表明了她是多么关心她的孙子孙女，因为她愿意坐在那里看几个小时的超级英雄电影，并记下笔记，这样她就可以有额外的东西和孙子孙女们聊。A. knows about了解；B. agrees with同意；C. cares about关心；D. believes in信任。根据下文“she is willing to sit there for hours and watch superhero movies, and take notes on them, just so she can have something extra to talk to her grandkids about(因为她愿意坐在那里看几个小时的超级英雄电影，并记下笔记，这样她就可以有额外的东西和孙子孙女们聊)”可知祖母为了能与孙子孙女们有共同话题，连续几个小时看电影并记笔记，可推理出她很关心孙子孙女们，故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. hide藏；B. sleep睡觉；C. wait等待；D. sit坐。根据下文“watch superhero movies(看超级英雄电影)”可推理出祖母坐在电视机前观看超级英雄电影，故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. necessary必要的；B. serious严肃的；C. important重要的；D. extra额外的。根据上文“Rather than writing off their interests as silly, as grandparents are used to doing, she decided to try to get on the same level as them(她没有像祖父母们惯有的那样认为他们的爱好很愚蠢，而是决定试着和他们有共同话题)”可知，祖母的做法与其他的祖父母们不同，有额外的东西和孙子孙女们分享，故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这段视频在网上打动了许多人的心，并获得了近700万的浏览量和数十万的点赞。A. changed改变；B. touched打动；C. broken弄坏；D. hardened使变硬。根据下文“the hearts of many(许多人的心)”以及“hundreds of thousands of likes(数十万的点赞)”可推理出这段视频打动了许多人的心，故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：杰克逊说：“我们都认为祖母非常了不起，她得到了应有的认可。”A. think认为；B. worry担心；C. guess猜测；D. wish希望。根据下文“Grandma is getting the recognition she deserves(祖母得到了应有的认可)”可知这是大家对祖母的做法的看法，空白处应填表示“认为”含义的动词，故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. new新的；B. amazing了不起的；C. single单一的；D. blind失明的。根据上文“The video has touched the hearts of many online and racked up(累计) nearly seven million views, and hundreds of thousands of likes, along with it(这段视频在网上打动了许多人的心，并获得了近700万的浏览量和数十万的点赞)”可推理出人们认为祖母是一个很了不起的老人，故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：斯基亚多斯回应了人们的关注，她说她“觉得这很有趣”，“所有的评论都温暖了她的心。”A. question问题；B. threat威胁；C. attention关注；D. request要求。根据上文“The video has touched the hearts of many online and racked up(累计) nearly seven million views, and hundreds of thousands of likes, along with it(这段视频在网上打动了许多人的心，并获得了近700万的浏览量和数十万的点赞)”可知，许多人对祖母给予了关注，祖母对此进行了回应，故选C项。
第Ⅱ卷
注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在试卷上无效。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Gardeners usually spend much time thinking about insects. They find ____36____ necessary not only to keep the wrong insects away but also to attract the right ones, such as pollinators (授粉昆虫). But in the last two hundred years, over 40 species of pollinators ____37____(go) extinct, partly because of the ____38____(disappear) of the plants they relied on.
Now, a new database, DoPI, may help change the situation. It covers publications and data sets ____39____(explain) over 300,000 pollination interactions. Users can look up ____40____(practice) information about thousands of pollinators and plants. “We hope people can use the database to select pollinator-friendly species to plant in their gardens and ____41____(equal) importantly, to know which plants shouldn’t be weeded,” said Dr. Nicholas. “____42____ stands out from the data is that many common garden weeds are connected with various pollinator species.”
The database isn’t just ____43____ researchers. It can also help people like beekeepers and gardeners. Meanwhile, government departments and conservationists can use the information ____44____(contain) in DoPI to drive policy decisions. Currently, DoPI focuses on native British plants and pollinators. Researchers from other countries have contacted the creators of DoPI for cooperation so that they can be well equipped _____45_____(establish) similar databases in their regions.
【答案】36. it 37. have gone
38. disappearance
39. explaining
40. practical
41. equally
42. What 43. for
44. contained
45. to establish
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了可以查询上千种授粉昆虫和植物的信息的数据库DoPI，包括其内容和用途等信息。
【36题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：他们发现不仅有必要把错误的昆虫拒之门外，还有必要吸引正确的昆虫，比如授粉昆虫。根据“find”和“necessary not only to keep”可推知，此处用固定短语“find it+形容词+to do sth.”，意为“发现做某事怎么样”，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语，空处应用it构成该短语。故填it。
【37题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但在过去的200年里，超过40种授粉昆虫已经灭绝，部分原因是它们赖以生存的植物消失了。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，时间状语为in the last two hundred years，时态应用现在完成时，且主语over 40 species of pollinators为复数，助动词应用have。故填have gone。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：但在过去的200年里，超过40种授粉昆虫已经灭绝，部分原因是它们赖以生存的植物消失了。分析句子可知，空处作because of的宾语，且空前有the，disappear的名词形式disappearance符合题意，意为“消失”，是不可数名词。故填disappearance。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它涵盖解释了超过30万次授粉相互作用的出版物和数据集。分析句子可知，空处作publications and data sets的后置定语，是非谓语动词，explain“解释”和publications and data sets逻辑上是主动关系，且结合句意可知，行为已经存在，应用explain的现在分词形式explaining。故填explaining。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：用户可以查找有关数千种授粉昆虫和植物的实用信息。分析句子可知，空处是修饰information的定语，practice的形容词形式practical符合题意，意为“实用的”，和information搭配表示“实用信息”。故填practical。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：我们希望人们可以利用这个数据库选择对授粉昆虫友好的物种种植在他们的花园里，同样重要的是，知道哪些植物不应该被当作杂草除掉。分析句子可知，空处修饰副词importantly，equal的副词形式equally符合题意，意为“同样地”，和importantly搭配表示“同样重要的是”。故填equally。
【42题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：数据中突出的一点是，许多常见的花园杂草与各种授粉昆虫物种有关。分析句子可知，空处引导名词性从句作主句的主语，主语从句缺少主语，结合句意可知，主语指物，应用连接代词what作引导词，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填What。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：该数据库不只是供研究人员使用的。结合下一句内容可知，该数据库还可以帮助像养蜂人和园丁这样的人，由此推知，此处表示它不只是供研究人员使用的，空处应用介词for，意为“给，对”，表示对象或用途。故填for。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：与此同时，政府部门和环保人士可以利用DoPI中包含的信息来推动政策决策。分析句子可知，空处作information的后置定语，是非谓语动词，contain“包含”和information逻辑上是被动关系，且结合句意可知，行为已完成，应用contain的过去分词形式contained。故填contained。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：来自其他国家的研究人员已经联系了DoPI的创建者进行合作，以便他们能够在他们的地区建立类似的数据库。分析句子可知，空处目的状语，表示“为了……”，应用establish“建立”的不定式形式to establish。故填to establish。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华。昨晚你在网上看到了一段很火的小视频，视频中两位身着古装的主持人邀请现场观众参与有关中国文化方面的知识问答。请你给你的美国笔友Susan分享这件事，内容包括：
1. 简述该节目；
2. 你的感受；
3. 你的期待。
注意：
1. 词数80词左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Susan,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Susan,
I came across an exciting online video last night and I wanted to share it with you. It was a very popular show where two hosts dressed in traditional costumes invited audience members to participate in a knowledge quiz about Chinese culture.
It was fascinating to see how the participants showcased their understanding of Chinese culture. I must admit that it made me feel proud of my cultural heritage. It’s an excellent way to promote cross-cultural understanding and appreciation.
I expect that more such shows will be produced, allowing people from all over the world to gain insights into the diverse aspects of Chinese culture. I believe it will contribute to enhancing cultural exchange and promote friendship between different nations.
I’m curious to know your thoughts on it!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生向美国笔友Susan写信分享一段网络热门视频，简述该节目的情况，描述自己的感受，并表达自己的期待。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
令人兴奋的：exciting→exhilarating, thrilling
参与：participate in→join in, take part in
有吸引力的：fascinating→charming, attractive, enchanting
展示：showcase→demonstrate, display, show
推进：promote→advance, further
有助于：contribute to→be conductive to, play a part in
想法：thought→view, idea
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I came across an exciting online video last night and I wanted to share it with you.
拓展句：I wanted to share with you an exciting online video I came across last night.
【点睛】[高分句型1] It was a very popular show where two hosts dressed in traditional costumes invited audience members to participate in a knowledge quiz about Chinese culture. (运用了关系副词where引导限制性定语从和过去分词dressed作后置定语)
[高分句型2] It was fascinating to see how the participants showcased their understanding of Chinese culture. (运用了连接副词how引导名词性从句作see的宾语)
[高分句型3] I expect that more such shows will be produced, allowing people from all over the world to gain insights into the diverse aspects of Chinese culture. (运用了连接词that引导名词性从句作expect的宾语和现在分词短语allowing作状语)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。
“Ellie! Ellie! I can’t till your birthday, so here! Open it” 11-year-old Alana shouted on afternoon. She had brought her elder sister Ellie a gift-wrapped box a week before her birthday.
Ellie accepted the box with a smile. However, she asked her sister for help because her arms were too weak that day.
Ellie had cerebral palsy (脑瘫), and she was in a wheelchair. Sometimes, her arms and legs were too weak.
Alana helped her sister with the wrapping, showing a beautiful new Barbie that 12-year-old Ellie looked at closely. Suddenly, her eyes watered, and Alana hugged her tightly, thinking she was happy to receive the gift.
“Isn’t it cool I saved all my pocket money for it” Alana proudly said, holding her sister close.
“It’s just… she’s pretty, not like me! I’ll never look like that!” Ellie cried some more.
This was not uncommon. Ellie often cried over not looking like other girls, including her little sister, who was tall and getting more beautiful each day. Her family tried their best to comfort her as she complained about her situation.
“Ellie, think about Natalie. She’s the most beautiful girl ever, and she’s in a wheelchair, just like you!” Alana reminded her.
Natalie was an older girl in their local high school who worked as a model. She had been disabled at a young age, but was now an inspiration to their town.
Ellie and Alana loved Natalie. She was their idol, and their parents had even printed a few pictures off her Instagram so the girls could stick them on their walls.
“You’re right. I must think of Natalie and what she would say in this situation. What do you think she would say ” Ellie asked her little sister. “I think Natalie would encourage us to play with whatever dolls we wanted,” Alana said happily, making Ellie laugh. The tears stopped, and they went to Ellie’s room to play with their Barbies.
A week later, it was finally Elle’s birthday, and she received many amazing gifts. Many people and friends showed up.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly, the music in the backyard stopped.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Ellie couldn’t wait to see what present her idol had brought.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Suddenly, the music in the backyard stopped. “Hello, everyone! I have a surprise for my sister!” Alana said intriguingly and used her hands to point toward the back door. “Natalie!” Ellie shouted, excited. She started clapping her hands as best she could. Natalie rolled her wheelchair towards Ellie, who noticed a big box sitting on her lap. “Happy birthday, Ellie! Alana and your mom told me all about you and that you liked me. But they also told me something else. Something that made me think, and I believe what I brought you is going to change your perspective on many things,” Natalie said with a broad, knowing grin.
Ellie couldn’t wait to see what present her idol had brought. Finally, the wrapping gave way, and as she turned the pink packaging around, her eyes widened in complete shock. It was another Barbie, but this one came in a wheelchair like hers! Ellie’s happiness and gratitude bubbled to the surface, and that’s when she felt Natalie’s hand on her shoulder. “What makes us unique, makes us beautiful, Ellie,” her idol said, smiling brightly. “And I hope this Barbie reminds you of that every day,” Natalie added. It was Ellie’s favorite birthday because she felt beautiful for the first time ever, and she realized how loved she was.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，Alana提前给患有脑瘫的姐姐Ellie送上了生日礼物，虽然芭比娃娃很好看，但是Ellie因为自卑忍不住哭了出来。Alana提醒Ellie可以想想当地鼓舞人心的女孩Natalie，虽然她有残疾，但她却是一名非常漂亮的模特。Ellie被Alana安慰好后，两人一起去玩芭比娃娃。一周后，Ellie的生日当天，她收到许多礼物，很多朋友都来到她的派对。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，后院的音乐声停了。”可知，第一段可描写Alana为Ellie带来惊喜，Natalie来到Ellie的生日派对，给Ellie带来礼物。
②由第二段首句内容“Ellie迫不及待地想看看她偶像带来了什么礼物。”可知，第二段可描写Ellie打开礼物的情形，Natalie暖心地安慰和鼓励Ellie。
2. 续写线索：音乐声停止——Natalie惊喜出现——Natalie带来礼物——Ellie想知道礼物内容——Ellie打开礼物——Natalie安慰和鼓励
3.