2024高三英语Unit 2名校培优筑基方案（核心单词+词形转换+熟词新意+写作迁移）
Unit 2 Sports and Fitness
（核心单词+词形转换+词汇精讲+熟词新意+写作迁移）
一、重点单词分类——夯基础
(一)核心单词 牢
[第一组]
1．athlete n. 运动员
2．cycle vi. 骑自行车
3．diet n. 日常饮食
4．stair n. 楼梯；梯级
5．within prep. 在……之内
6．defeat vt. (在比赛、战争中)战胜，打败
7．company n. 公司；一群人
8．champion n. 冠军，第一名
9．desire n. 渴望
10．crash vi.& vt. 猛撞
11．pack n. 包，包裹；
vi.& vt. 把……包起来
12．onto prep. 到……上，向……上
13．extra adj. 额外的，另外的
14．clap vi.& vt. 鼓掌，拍手
15．belt n. 腰带，皮带
16．audience n. 观众；听众
[第二组]
17．bite vi.& vt. 咬
18．quit vi.& vt. 停止(做某事)
19．halfway adv. 半途地
20．system n. 系统
21．weekly adj. 一周一次的，每周的
22．disease n. 疾病
23．upper adj. 较上的，上面的
24．flow vi. 流，流动
n. 流动
25．guideline n. 指导方针，指导原则
26．click vi.& vt. 点击(鼠标)
27．principle n. 原则，基本的观念
28．muscle n. 肌肉
29．bone n. 骨头，骨
30．sweat n. 汗水
31．medal n. 奖牌；勋章
32．gesture n. 姿态；手势；姿势
(二)拓展单词
[第一组]
1．frequency n．发生的频率，发生率→frequent adj.经常发生的，频繁的→frequently adv.频繁地，经常
2．prefer vt.更喜欢→preference n．偏爱；偏爱的事物
3．balanced adj.均衡的→balance n．均衡，平衡 vt.(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性
4．regularly adv.经常；定期地→regular adj.频繁的；有规律的
5．inspiration n．激励，鼓舞；给人以灵感的人/物；灵感→inspire vt.鼓励，激励→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的
6．replacement n．替换的人(物)→replace vt.代替；取代
7．gather vi.& vt.聚集，聚合→gathering n．聚集，聚会；收集，采集→gatherer n．收集者，采集者
8．sharply adv.严厉地，毫不客气地→sharp adj.尖锐的，锋利的；急剧的，明显的；灵敏的；强烈的→sharpen vt.(使)变得锋利；使明朗；(使)提高，改善
9．energy n．力量，活力→energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的
10．crowd n．人群→crowded adj.拥挤的
11．earn vt.赢得；博得→earnings n．薪水；工资；收入
12．announcement n．通告，公告→announce vt.宣布，宣告
13．defence n．防守队员，后卫→defend vi.& vt.保护，保卫→defensive adj.防御的；保护的；戒备的；自卫的，防守的
14．remind vt.使(某人)想起，提醒→reminder n．引起回忆的事物，提醒人的事物；通知单
15．prohibit vt.禁止→prohibition n．(尤指通过法律的)禁止，阻止；禁令，禁律
16．annual adj.一年一度的，每年的→annually adv.一年一次地
[第二组]
17．application n．申请书→apply vt.& vi.申请；应用；涂；适用；使全神贯注于→applicant n．申请人
18．occupy vt.占用，占去(时间)→occupation n．工作，职业；消遣；侵占，占领期；使用→occupied adj.被占领的；忙于；有人使用(或居住)的
19．disappointment n．失望；扫兴；沮丧→disappoint vt.使人失望→disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的→disappointing adj.令人失望的
20．amazingly adv.惊人地，了不起地→amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的→amaze vt.使吃惊→amazed adj.大为惊奇的，惊讶的→amazement n．惊讶
21．relieve vt.减轻，缓解→relief n．减轻，缓解→relieved adj.感到宽慰的，放心的，开心的
22．strengthen vi.& vt.(使)强健→strength n．体力，力气；优势，优点；长处→strong adj.强壮的；强大的；强烈的；坚决的→strongly adv.强烈地；坚固地；强有力地
23．particular n．尤其，特别； adj.特定的→particularly adv.特别；尤其
24．benefit n．好处，益处→beneficial adj.有益的，有用的
25．equipment n．设备，装备→equip vt.配备；使有能力
26．capable adj.能干的；能力强的→capacity n．领悟(或理解、办事)能力；容量，容积；生产量
27．prevent vt.预防；阻止，阻挡→prevention n．预防；防止；防范→preventable adj.可以预防的；可以阻止的
28．detail n．细节→detailed adj.详细的，细致的
29．achievable adj.可完成的；做得成的→achieve vt.实现；完成；(凭长期努力)达到(某目标、地位、标准)→achievement n．成就，成绩；达到，完成
30．satisfaction n. 满足，满意→satisfy v．使满意，使满足→satisfied adj.满意的，满足的→satisfying adj.令人高兴的，令人满意的
31．response n．回答，答复→respond vi. & vt.回答，回应；作出反应，响应
32．flexibility n．灵活性→flexible adj.灵活的，可变动的；柔韧的
(三)阅读单词
[第一组]
1．badminton n. 羽毛球
2．golf n. 高尔夫
3．gymnastics n. 体操
4．jog vi.& n. 慢跑
5．bowling n. 保龄球
6．skateboard n. 滑板
vi. 用滑板滑行
7．track n. 跑道
8．net n. (网球等的)球网；网
9．court n. (网球等的)球场
10．underdog n. 处于劣势的人(队)；弱方
11．guy n. (非正式)男人，家伙
12．shot n. 投球，击球
13．bench n. 替补队员席
14．boxing n. 拳击(运动)
15．bounce vi.& vt. (使)弹起，(使)反弹
16．case n. 状况，场合；事例，实例
[第二组]
17．warm up n. 热身运动，准备活动
18．tip n. 建议，忠告，窍门
19．immune adj. 免疫的；有免疫力的
20．awkward adj. 令人尴尬的
21．membership n. 会员身份
22．oxygen n. 氧
23．ache n. 隐痛
24．amount n. 数量，数额
25．shortcut n. 捷径，近路
26．overnight adv. 突然，一下子
27．overdo vt. 把……做得过火
28．sight n. 视野
29．cyclist n. 骑自行车者，自行车运动员
30．overtake vt. 超过
31．sportsmanship n. 体育精神
32．bronze n. 铜
二、必备短语分组——抓落实
(一)汉译英
1．pay off 取得成功；奏效
2．keep up with 跟上，保持同步
3．in case 以防万一
4．sign up 报名
5．cheer up (使)高兴起来，(使)振作起来
6．in particular 尤其，特别
7．be capable of 有能力做
8．make sure 确保
9．take advantage of sth 利用某物
(二)英译汉
10．rather than 而不是
11．in good/bad shape 健康状况良好/不佳
12．try out for sth 参加……选拔
13．crash into 猛撞，猛击
14．gather around 聚集
15．not...anymore 不再……
16．let sb down 使失望，辜负(别人的信任或期望)
17．immune system 免疫系统
18．be fed up with 厌烦的，不满的，无法再忍受的
三、经典句式默背——积佳句
(一)句型公式
1．not only...but also...句型
One's health and wellness are dependent not only on diet，but also on sport and exercise.
一个人的健康不仅依赖饮食，还有运动和锻炼。
2．动词 ing形式(短语)作状语
The team gathered around, looking worried.
球队围在我身边，看起来很担心。
3．否定转移
I don't think I can play anymore, coach.
教练，我想我不能再比赛了。
4．make＋宾语＋宾语补足语
It makes your heart stronger and allows more blood to flow around your body.
它使你的心脏更强壮，并加速血液流动。
5．“连词＋分词”结构
If left alone, the younger members of the species are more physically active.
如果被单独剩下，该物种的年轻成员更活跃。
(二)单元美句
He made shot after shot, and the crowd couldn't stop clapping and cheering.
他的进球一个接一个，人群不停地鼓掌欢呼。
四、单元知识横拓——积得多
1．以cy结尾的名词集合
①accuracy 准确(性)；准确度
②frequency 频繁；频率；重复率
③urgency 紧迫，急迫；急事
④tendency 趋向，趋势，倾向
⑤privacy 隐私，隐居，秘密
⑥efficiency 效率；功效，效能
2．“annual”相关形容词全扫描
①minutely 每分钟的
②hourly 每小时的
③daily 每日的
④weekly 每周的
⑤monthly 每月的
⑥quarterly 每季度的
3．“ 动词＋off”短语速记
①tell off 斥责，责骂
②pay off 还清；取得好结果
③put off 推迟
④give off 发出(光、热、气味等)
⑤take off 起飞；脱掉
⑥cut off 切断
五、读后续写微技能——心理描写之开心
She stood by the window, joyfully and patiently watching.Golden sunlight danced in her long hair and the children's laughter floated in the air. She stared at the end of the road, hoping her close friend would come earlier. It seemed as if she had been standing there for a century.Suddenly a wave of happiness and excitement seized/took hold of/swept over/came over her when she caught sight of a familiar figure.Her heart leaped with joy, and a shining smile lit up her face.She ran to her friend and threw herself into her friend's arms. Tears of joy/happiness /excitement welled up in their eyes as they hugged tightly together.
一、单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的正确形式
1．The doctor advised that we should have a balanced diet(日常饮食)and get into the good habit of getting up early.
2．Unfortunately, he fell down the stairs(楼梯)and hurt his ankle, which forced him to withdraw from the competition.
3．(2022·全国甲卷)Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra(额外的)cheese to add to your food.
4．The world champion(冠军)finished more than two seconds ahead of his nearest rival.
5．In June, the State Council issued a guideline(指导方针)on accelerating the construction of digital governance.
6．The development path and social system(系统)chosen by the people of each country should be respected.
7．If I take a shortcut(近路), I can walk to school for only five minutes.
8．It took me a long time to thread my way through the crowd(人群).
9．Don't forget to remind Tom of the meeting or he will forget to attend it.
10．Xu Haifeng is the first Chinese player to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.
二、单句语法填空
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1．With people and wildlife sharing crowded spaces and limited resources, human wildlife conflict is rising in frequency (frequent).
2．A balanced (balance) diet and regular exercise can help us keep healthy both physically and mentally.
3．When failing in exams, we should reflect on our weak points rather than drown ourselves in sorrow or disappointment (disappointed).
4．(2020·北京卷)Positive thinking has several beneficial (benefit) effects on the body and the mind.
5．Deep in its northern dense forest, there is an amazingly (amazing) beautiful lake.
6．China's success in eradicating poverty is an inspiration (inspire) for the developing world.
7．“You've known the truth. But why didn't you tell me anything about it？” Tom said sharply (sharp).
8．I feel a great sense of personal satisfaction (satisfied) when I do my job well.
9．After ten to fifteen days, if watered regularly (regular), the seeds can sprout.
10．She will continue in her present job until a replacement (replace) can be found.
三、选词填空
用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空
try out for，crash into，be fed up with，pay off，keep up with，take advantage of，in case，rather than
1．A truck went out of control and crashed into the back of a bus, which caused two passengers seriously injured.
2．You can try out for a sports team in your new school, such as volleyball, tennis, lawn bowling, or whatever interests you.
3．Sandra was determined to become a doctor when she was young and her persistence and efforts paid off．
4．You'd better set off earlier, in case some unusual conditions, such as a traffic jam, will cause you to miss the appointed time.
5．He was fed up with living in the noisy city so he decided to move to a small village.
6．A cultural relic is a treasure belonging to all peoples rather than belonging to any individual.
7．I will take advantage of this precious opportunity to improve my English and broaden my horizons.
8．We should equip ourselves with more knowledge to keep up with the pace of society.
四、经典句式仿写
1．保护濒危动物对于人类来说不仅重要而且是必要的。(not only...but also...句型)
Protecting endangered animals is not only important but also necessary for human beings.
2．感到孤独和无助，女孩痛哭起来。(动词 ing形式短语作状语)
Feeling lonely and helpless, the girl cried bitterly.
3．我认为你没有意识到这对她是多么重要。(否定转移)
I don't think you realize how important this is to her.
4．他傲慢的态度使得我们所有的人非常生气。(make＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
His arrogant attitude made all of us very angry．
5．过马路时要注意汽车。(“连词＋分词”结构)
Look out for cars when crossing the street．
Part 1 重点词汇过关
1．prefer vt.更喜欢
(1)prefer to do/doing sth 更喜欢做某事
prefer sb to do sth 宁愿某人做某事
prefer (doing) sth to (doing) sth ＝prefer to do sth rather than do sth
宁愿(做)某事……也不愿(做)某事
(2)preference n. 偏爱；爱好
have a preference for 喜好……，偏爱……
【佳句】 While some prefer inheriting traditional Chinese culture, others are transforming it to be more accessible to the young generation.
虽然一些人更喜欢继承中国传统文化，但其他人正在改造它，使之更容易为年轻一代所接受。(应用文写作之传统文化)
【点津】 prefer既不用于进行时态，也不用于比较级。其过去式和过去分词形式均为：preferred。
练透——单句语法填空
①The elderly people have their own life to manage, and prefer to spend/spending (spend) their time square dancing and traveling abroad or around the country.
②In general, the old prefer classical music and Peking opera to pop music.
③Nowadays many children prefer surfing the Internet at home to taking (take) exercise outdoors.
④(2021·天津卷)Kids with preference(prefer) for the arts have a greater chance of finding employment in the future.
写美——一句多译
我宁愿租一套这样的房子也不愿意买一个。
⑤I prefer renting such an apartment to buying one.
⑥I prefer to rent such an apartment rather than buy one.
【中国元素】The report shows travelers are showing an increasing preference for Red tourism.
该报告显示，游客越来越偏好红色旅游。
2．desire n．渴望
(1) have a desire to do sth 渴望做某事
have a desire for sth 渴望得到某物
(2)desire v. 渴望
desire sth 渴望某事/物
desire (sb) to do sth 渴望(某人)做某事
desire that... 渴望……(从句谓语要用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。）【佳句】Knowing that a Chinese painting exhibition will be held, I'm writing to express my desire to be a volunteer.
得知将举办一场国画展，我写信表达我想成为一名志愿者的愿望。(应用文之申请信)
练透——单句语法填空
①She has a strong desire for knowledge and wants to go to college very much.
②He desired to join (join) the army and devoted himself to the country.
③The boy's mother desires him to solve (solve) this problem by himself.
④It is desired that all the exercises (should) be handed (hand) in before school was over.
写美——句型转换
⑤My family and teachers desire that I go abroad for further education.
→My family and teachers desire me to go abroad for further education.
3．crowd n．人群
(1)a crowd of 一群；一伙；一堆
crowds of 成群的……；许多……
(2)crowd v. 涌上(心上)；涌入(脑海)
crowd into 涌入
crowd in on sb (指想法等)大量涌现
(3) crowded adj. 拥挤的
be crowded with... 挤满了…
【佳句】As I looked at the huge crowd clapping for me, I could not believe that I was the head girl of the school.
当我看着为我鼓掌的人群时，我不敢相信我是学校的女生代表。
【点津】 crowd还可用作动词，意为“挤满；使拥挤”。
练透——单句语法填空
①Wherever the film star goes, there are crowds (crowd) of people waiting to see her.
②As industry developed, more and more people crowded into cities from the countryside.
③The bus was so crowded (crowd) that I had to stand all the way to school.
④During holidays and weekends, hotels are fully booked and the narrow streets are crowded with tourists.
写美——读后续写之回忆往事
⑤每当我看到这些照片，许多美好的回忆就涌上心头。
Whenever I see the pictures, many happy memories crowd in on me.
4.remind vt.使(某人)想起，提醒
(1) remind sb (not) to do sth
提醒某人(不)做某事
remind sb of sth 使某人想起……
(2) reminder n. 引起回忆的事物，提醒人的事物，通知单
【佳句】The gift reminded me of a conversation I'd overheard at a department store.这件礼物让我想起了在百货公司无意中听到的一段对话。
【点津】 和“remind sb of sth”结构相似的还有：accuse sb of sth“控告某人某事”；warn sb of sth“警告某人某事”；convince sb of sth“使某人相信某事”。
练透——单句语法填空
①You'd better remind your grandfather to take (take) his medicine, in case he forgets.
②If you hadn't reminded me of the homework, I would certainly have forgotten it.
③The exhibition is a reminder(remind) for us not to forget the past.
写美——句式升级
④Although they are reminded not to drive after drinking, some drivers are still trying their luck, which is really dangerous.
→Reminded not to drive after drinking, some drivers are still trying their luck, which is really dangerous.(动词 ed形式短语作状语)
5．prohibit vt.禁止
(1) prohibit sb from doing sth
禁止某人做某事
(2)prohibition n. (尤指通过法律的)禁止，阻止；禁令，禁律
【佳句】Never do what is prohibited by law.
永远不要做法律禁止的事情。
练透——单句语法填空
①Digging and other works along the line are carried out during the day only, and construction is prohibited (prohibit) at night so as not to disturb animals.
②The local government prohibits boats from entering this area in order to keep the dolphins safe.
③The prohibition (prohibit) against drunken driving has saved millions of lives in the past ten years.
写美——完成句子
④从上午8点到下午6点，机动车辆禁止在市中心行驶。
Motor vehicles are prohibited from driving in the town centre from 8 am to 6 pm.
6．occupy vt.占用，占去(时间)
(1)occupy oneself in doing sth/with sth
忙着做某事/忙于某事
(2) occupied adj. 被占领的；忙于；有人使用(或居住)的
be occupied (in) doing sth/with sth
忙着做某事/忙于某事
(3)occupation n. 侵占，占领；(土地、房屋、建筑等的)使用，居住；工作，职业
【佳句】How much memory does the program occupy
这个程序占用多少内存？
【点津】 表示“忙于做某事”的短语还有：①be engaged in doing sth ②be busy (in) doing sth/with sth ③be buried in doing sth
练透——单句语法填空
①Thanks to the CPC’s leadership, China has become the world's second largest economy, occupying(occupy) an important position on the global stage.
②Occupied (occupy) in looking after her children, she can't spare any time to have a holiday.
③He would have attended your birthday party but he had occupied himself with a very important experiment.
④Choosing an occupation (occupy) takes time, and there are a lot of things you have to think about.
写美——句式升级
⑤She is occupied in looking after three children at home, so she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in the club.
→Occupying herself in looking after three children at home, she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in the club.(动词 ing形式短语作状语)
→Occupied in looking after three children at home, she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in the club.(动词 ed形式短语作状语)
7．relieve vt.减轻，缓解
(1)relieve sb of sth
解除某人的(负担﹑ 责任、职务等)
(2)relief n. 减轻，缓解
to one's relief＝to the relief of sb
令某人感到欣慰的是
(3)relieved adj. 感到宽慰的，放心的，开心的
be relieved to do sth
做某事感到很宽慰/放心/开心
【佳句】The new secretary will relieve us of some of the paperwork.
新来的秘书将会减轻我们文书工作的一些负担。
练透——单句语法填空
①Domestic robots are of great help to housewives because they can relieve them of household chores.
②Much to the mother's relief (relieve), her son was eventually admitted to a key university.
③All her family members and relatives were relieved (relieve) to hear that she was out of danger.
写美——完成句子
④你的话减轻了我所有的忧虑。
What you said relieved me of all my worries.
8．particular n．尤其，特别； adj.特定的
(1)in particular 尤其，特别
be particular about 对……过于讲究/挑剔
(2)particularly adv. 特别，尤其
【佳句】We may be able to design a course to suit your particular needs.
我们也许能策划一个课程来满足你的特定需求。
练透——单句语法填空
①It was a good concert—I enjoyed the last song in particular.
②The restaurant is popular with the local people, particularly (particular) among young people.
③Don't be too particular about what you eat and wear; pay more attention to your study and work.
写美——完成句子
④只有讲究饮食，我们才能预防自己生病。
Only when we are particular about/over food can we prevent ourselves from falling ill.
9．benefit n．好处，益处
(1)benefit v. 使受益
benefit sb/sth 使某人/物受益
benefit from/by... 从……中受益/获益
(2)for the benefit of ＝for one's benefit
为了……的利益
be of benefit to 有益于……；对……有好处
(3)beneficial adj. 有利的；有益的；受益的
be beneficial to... 有益于；对……有好处
【佳句】Now, it's tough to argue against the many benefits that the Internet has brought into our lives. 现在，很难反驳互联网给我们生活带来的诸多好处。(应用文写作之科技发展)
练透——单句语法填空
①As we know, books are the source of knowledge and we can benefit a great deal from/by reading.
②It is said that Yoga is of great benefit to health, so you can try it.
③China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals for the benefit of all its citizens.
④Several studies have shown that listening to music can be highly beneficial (benefit).
写美——一句多译
天天做运动对健康非常有益处。
⑤Doing exercise every day is very beneficial to health. (beneficial)
⑥Doing exercise every day is of great benefit to health. (benefit)
【中国元素】Facts have shown that a more open China has benefited not only the 1.4 billion people of China, but also the people around the world.
事实表明，一个更加开放的中国不仅造福于14亿中国人民，也造福于世界人民。
10．capable adj.能干的；能力强的
(1)be capable of (doing) sth
有(做)某事的能力
(2)capacity n. 能力，才能
have capacity to do sth/for sth
有(做)某事的能力
in one's capacity as＝in the capacity of
作为……；以……资格、身份或职位
【佳句】Successful people don't let their age define what they are capable of.
成功人士不会让他们的年龄决定他们的能力。
练透——单句语法填空
①I firmly believe you have the capacity to create (create) your own happiness.
②The mission made China the fifth country capable of building and launching its own carrier rocket to reach Earth's orbit.
③In order to adapt to the development of the times, human beings must have the capacity for life long learning.
写美——同义句转换
④I believe she can take care of herself.
→I believe she has the capacity to take care of herself. (capacity)
→I believe she is capable of taking care of herself.(capable)
→I believe she is able to take care of herself.(able)
【中国元素】The driverless bullet trains connecting Beijing and Zhangjiakou in northern Hebei Province are capable of hitting speeds up to 350 kph. 连接北京和河北省北部张家口的无人驾驶动车，时速能达350公里。
11．prevent vt.预防；阻止，阻挡
(1)prevent/stop sb(from) (doing) sth
阻止某人(做)某事(在被动结构中，介词from不可省略)
keep sb from (doing) sth
阻止某人(做)某事
(2)prevention n. 预防；防止；防范
(3)preventable adj. 可以预防的；可以阻止的
【佳句】The firefighters showed us what to do in case of a fire, how to prevent the fire and how to use different kinds of fire fighting equipment.
消防队员向我们展示了发生火灾时该怎么做，如何预防火灾，以及如何使用各种消防设备。(应用文写作之活动介绍)
【点津】 表示“阻止某人(做)某事”时，prevent/stop sb (from) (doing) sth中的介词from可以省略，但keep sb from (doing) sth中的from不能省略。在被动结构中，以上短语中的from均不可省略。
练透——单句语法填空
①(2021·天津卷)This will prevent you from getting(get) lost in the first few days of classes, and familiarize you with how long it takes to get from place to place.
②The situation in that country should be prevented (prevent) from becoming worse and worse.
③Most of the mistakes in his test paper are preventable (prevent)if he is more careful.
④Law is made to punish crimes with an eye on prevention (prevent).
写美——句式升级
⑤The firemen arrived quickly, so they prevented the fire from spreading.
→The firemen arrived quickly, preventing the fire from spreading. (动词 ing形式短语作状语)
12．detail n．细节
(1)in detail 详细地
go into detail(s) 详细叙述；逐一说明
(2)detailed adj. 详细的，详尽的
【佳句】We carefully watched every detail of his action.
我们仔细观察了他动作的每个细节。
练透——单句语法填空
①Please visit our website to get more details (detail) of our products.
②Thankfully, after I explained my plan to them in detail, they said yes.
③He gave me detailed(detail) instructions on how to get there.
写美——完成句子
④他拒绝详细叙述他的计划。
He refused to go into details about his plans.
13．satisfaction n．满足，满意
(1)to sb's satisfaction 令某人满意的是
with satisfaction 满意地，心满意足地
(2)satisfy vt. 使满意，使满足
satisfy sb with sth 使某人满足于某事
(3)satisfied adj. 满意的，满足的
be satisfied with 对……感到满意
(4)satisfying adj. 令人满的
【佳句】Stroking Tom's hair, Mom smiled with satisfaction.
妈妈抚摸着汤姆的头发，满意地笑了。(读后续写之动作描写)
练透——单句语法填空
①She stopped writing and read what she had written with satisfaction (satisfy).
②In order to satisfy our customers with high quality service, we are inviting an expert to train our workers.
③If you are not satisfied with your purchase, we will give you a full refund.
④It is satisfying (satisfy) in life to make one friend, more than enough to make two friends and rare to make three friends.
写美——完成句子
⑤让老师满意的是，他正确地回答了所有的问题。
To the teacher's satisfaction, he answered all the questions correctly.
【中国元素】China will further advance the integration of elderly and medical care services to increase satisfaction of its growing elderly population.
中国将进一步推进养老和医疗服务一体化，以提高不断增长的老年人口的满意度。
14．amazed adj.大为惊奇的，惊讶的
(1)be amazed at/by 对……很惊奇
be amazed to find/learn/see...
惊奇的发现/了解到/看到
(2)amazement n. 惊讶
(much) to one's amazement
令某人(非常)惊讶的是
in amazement 惊讶地
(3)amaze v. 使吃惊
(4)amazing adj. 惊人的，了不起的
【佳句】When Dad and Mom arrived a day earlier, they were amazed to find everything in a mess.
当爸爸妈妈提前一天到达时，他们惊讶地发现一切都乱糟糟的。(读后续写之家庭生活)
练透——单句语法填空
①Visitors are amazed to find (find) that great changes have taken place in China in the past thirty years.
②He looked at me in amazement (amaze), and it seemed that he hadn't recognized me.
③Much to his amazement, he found that no two snowflakes were exactly the same shape.
写美——完成句子
④看到她巨大的变化我感到惊讶。
I was amazed to see how much she had changed.
15．response n．回答，答复
(1)make a/no response to
对……做出回复/不回复
in response to
为了回应……；作为对……的回答
(2)respond vi. 回答；响应；做出反应
respond to 对……做出回复/回答
【佳句】She made an appeal on social media and was met with a flood of kind responses.
她在社交媒体上发出呼吁，并得到了大量善意的回应。(读后续写之慈善事业)
练透——单句语法填空
①I knocked on the door but there was no response (respond).
②In response to the call of motherland, a lot of graduates volunteer to work in the rural area.
③She responded to my letter with a phone call.
写美——一句多译
她没有回复我的信件。
④She didn't respond to my letter. (respond)
⑤She didn't make a response to my letter. (response)
1．track
[对点微练]——选出track的含义
A．n.跑道 B．n.足迹，踪迹
C．n.轨道 D．vt.追踪
①Engineers carried out a thorough inspection of the track to ensure the safety of the trains. C
②The hunter tracked the wolf and managed to catch it. D
③When Kelly ran around the track, she heard many cheers and kids shouting, “Go Kelly! You can do it！”A
④We followed the bear's tracks in the snow.B
2．net
[对点微练]——选出net的含义
A．n.(网球等的)球网
B．adj.净得的
C．vt.净赚，净得
D．vt.(将球)踢入球门，射入球门
①It is reported the company's net profit increased by 10% last year. B
②The player has netted 21 goals so far this season. D
③Just one minute before the game was over, he kicked the ball into the net, helping his team win the champion. A
④He netted a million dollars after taxes last year. C
3．tip
[对点微练]——选出tip的含义
A．n.建议，忠告，窍门 B．n. 小费
C．n.尖，尖端 D．vt.倒出，翻覆
①It is a custom in that country to give the waiter a tip after the meal. B
②He tipped the contents of the bag onto the table. D
③The following are some tips to help you gain the promotion you want. A
④What you see is only the tip of the glacier and eight ninths of it is under the sea. C
◎主题语境培优——词汇库
1.coach n. 2.captain n． 3．professional adj. 4.amateur adj. 5．medal n. 6.build up one's body 7．set a new world record 8.a close game 9．the starting/finishing line 10.win a gold medal 11．bring glory to the country 12.record holder 13．physical exercise 14．get into the good habit of getting up early 15．improve heart and lung function [自主核对区] 1．教练 2.队长 3．专业的，职业的 4.业余的 5．奖牌 6.增强某人的体质 7．创造一项新的世界纪录 8.一场势均力敌的比赛 9．起点/终点线 10.获得一枚金牌 11．为国家带来荣誉 12.纪录保持者 13．体育锻炼 14.养成早起的习惯 15．提高心肺功能
Part 2 写作句式迁移
1．not only...but also...句型
[课本原句]One's health and wellness are dependent not only on diet，but also on sport and exercise.
一个人的健康不仅依赖饮食，还有运动和锻炼。
(1)not only...but also...句型，意为“不仅……而且……”，用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其中的also有时可以省略；
(2)not only...but also...连接的两个成分作主语时，谓语动词要遵循“就近一致”原则。即谓语动词和最近的主语保持一致；
(3)not only...but also...连接两个句子，且not only置于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装，但but also后的句子不倒装。
【佳句】Here visitors can not only increase their knowledge, but also review history.
参观者在这里不仅可以增长知识，而且重温了历史。
【写作迁移】——微写作
①一个微笑不仅能使我们快乐，也能使别人感到高兴。
Not only can a smile make us happy, but also it enables others to feel delighted.
②智能手机不仅占用了我们宝贵的时间，而且对我们的健康造成了极大的危害。
Smartphones not only take up our valuable time, but also do great harm to our health．
【中国元素】Practising Chinese kung fu can not only build up people's strength, but also develop people's character.
练中国功夫不仅可以强身健体，而且可以塑造我们的性格。
2．否定转移
[课本原句]I don't think I can play anymore, coach.
教练，我想我不能再比赛了。
否定转移是指把对宾语从句的否定转移到主句谓语动词上，它必须同时满足三个条件：
(1)主语是第一人称I或we；
(2)主句谓语是一般现在时；
(3)谓语动词应是think, believe, suppose, guess, expect, imagine等。
【佳句】I don't believe the man can finish the work on time. 我认为这个人是不会按时完成这项工作的。
【点津】 否定前移的宾语从句， 在变成反意疑问句时， 反意疑问句的主谓语要与从句一致。
【写作迁移】——微写作
①我认为他不会操作这台新机器。
I don't think (that) he can operate the new machine.
②我们觉得他不会来的。
We don't think he will come.
③我想你没遇见汤姆，对吗？
I don't think you've met Tom, have you？
单句语法填空
1．An increasing number of people prefer to buy/buying (buy) online to enjoy benefits of low prices, broad categories and fast delivery offered by online stores.
2．He met with many failures, but he was not discouraged, still having a burning desire to achieve(achieve) his goal.
3．We must improve the quality of our products so that we will not let ourselves be overtaken (overtake) by our competitors.
4．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won't result in a useful response (respond).
5．After getting home, when the boy opened the box, he was amazed to see (see) a pair of sports shoes.
6．Actually, even very small children are capable of resolving their own conflicts, and if possible should be left alone to do so.
7．Give me time to collect my thoughts, and I will work out a detailed (detail) plan.
8．Breathing a sigh of relief (relieve), Caroline looked at the bird, which was still peacefully sleeping in the box as if nothing had happened.
9．Scientists collect endangered and useful wild species, put them in a paper or cotton bag so that they can be prevented from getting bad, and send them to the seed bank.
10．Occupied (occupy) with his work, he doesn't even have time to have a dinner with his parents.
完成句子
1．我最喜欢的球队赢得冠军的消息使我振作起来。
The news that my favorite team won the championship cheered me up.
2．一定提醒他早点回来。
Be sure to remind him to come back early.
3．她努力学习不想让父母失望。
She works hard so as not to let her parents down.
4．跟上国际国内市场的变化对我们来说很重要。
It is important for us to keep up with the changes of international and domestic market.
5．请确保演出时关上所有手机。
Please make sure all mobile phones are switched off during the performance.
6．这是个好主意，但我认为他不会同意的。
This is a good idea, but I don't think he will agree with it．
7．他在会上说的话使我非常紧张。
What he said in the meeting made me very nervous．
8．你应该在会议上保持沉默，除非被邀请说话。
You should remain silent at the conference, unless invited to speak.
话题微写作
根据汉语提示使用本单元的单词、短语和句式完成下面短文。
假定你是李华，请你根据提示写一篇文章，介绍你的运动爱好和你在学校期间的一场比赛。
1．我是一个运动迷，总是保持均衡的饮食。
2．当我在中学的时候，我喜欢慢跑、骑自行车、体操和打羽毛球。
3. 当我进入大学时，我爱上了足球，成为了学校足球队的一员。
4. 一天，我们和另一支球队在争夺冠军。
5. 不幸的是，我们的一名球员汤姆撞到球门柱上，受了重伤。
6. 我们很可能会被打败。然而，汤姆站了起来。人群禁不住鼓掌欢呼。
7. 我们队最终赢得了比赛，汤姆的努力得到了回报。
I am a sport fan and always 1.keep a balanced diet(保持均衡的饮食). When I was in middle school， I liked 2.jogging, cycling, gymnastics and playing badminton(慢跑、骑自行车、体操和打羽毛球). When I entered university, I 3.fell in love with football(爱上了足球)and became 4.a member of the school football team(学校足球队的一员). One day, we and another team 5.were competing for the champion(正在争夺冠军). Unfortunately, one of our players, Tom, crashed into(撞上了)the goal post and got seriously injured. It was likely that we 6.would be defeated(会被打败). However, Tom rose to his feet. The 7.crowd(人群)couldn't help clapping and cheering. Our team finally won the game and Tom's efforts 8.paid off(得到回报).2024高三英语Unit 2名校培优筑基方案（核心单词+词形转换+熟词新意+写作迁移）
Unit 2 Sports and Fitness
（核心单词+词形转换+词汇精讲+熟词新意+写作迁移）
一、重点单词分类——夯基础
(一)核心单词 牢
[第一组]
1． n. 运动员
2． vi. 骑自行车
3． n. 日常饮食
4． n. 楼梯；梯级
5． prep. 在……之内
6． vt. (在比赛、战争中)战胜，打败
7． n. 公司；一群人
8． n. 冠军，第一名
9． n. 渴望
10． vi.& vt. 猛撞
11． n. 包，包裹；
vi.& vt. 把……包起来
12． prep. 到……上，向……上
13． adj. 额外的，另外的
14． vi.& vt. 鼓掌，拍手
15． n. 腰带，皮带
16． n. 观众；听众
[第二组]
17． vi.& vt. 咬
18． vi.& vt. 停止(做某事)
19． adv. 半途地
20． n. 系统
21． adj. 一周一次的，每周的
22． n. 疾病
23． adj. 较上的，上面的
24． vi. 流，流动
n. 流动
25． n. 指导方针，指导原则
26． vi.& vt. 点击(鼠标)
27． n. 原则，基本的观念
28． n. 肌肉
29． n. 骨头，骨
30． n. 汗水
31． n. 奖牌；勋章
32． n. 姿态；手势；姿势
(二)拓展单词
[第一组]
1． n．发生的频率，发生率→ adj.经常发生的，频繁的→ adv.频繁地，经常
2． vt.更喜欢→ n．偏爱；偏爱的事物
3． adj.均衡的→ n．均衡，平衡 vt.(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性
4． adv.经常；定期地→ adj.频繁的；有规律的
5． n．激励，鼓舞；给人以灵感的人/物；灵感→ vt.鼓励，激励→ adj.鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的
6． n．替换的人(物)→ vt.代替；取代
7． vi.& vt.聚集，聚合→ n．聚集，聚会；收集，采集→ n．收集者，采集者
8． adv.严厉地，毫不客气地→ adj.尖锐的，锋利的；急剧的，明显的；灵敏的；强烈的→ vt.(使)变得锋利；使明朗；(使)提高，改善
9． n．力量，活力→ adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的
10． n．人群→ adj.拥挤的
11． vt.赢得；博得→ n．薪水；工资；收入
12． n．通告，公告→ vt.宣布，宣告
13． n．防守队员，后卫→ vi.& vt.保护，保卫→ adj.防御的；保护的；戒备的；自卫的，防守的
14． vt.使(某人)想起，提醒→ n．引起回忆的事物，提醒人的事物；通知单
15． vt.禁止→ n．(尤指通过法律的)禁止，阻止；禁令，禁律
16． adj.一年一度的，每年的→ adv.一年一次地
[第二组]
17． n．申请书→ vt.& vi.申请；应用；涂；适用；使全神贯注于→ n．申请人
18． vt.占用，占去(时间)→ n．工作，职业；消遣；侵占，占领期；使用→ adj.被占领的；忙于；有人使用(或居住)的
19． n．失望；扫兴；沮丧→ vt.使人失望→ adj.失望的，沮丧的→ adj.令人失望的
20． adv.惊人地，了不起地→ adj.令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的→ vt.使吃惊→ adj.大为惊奇的，惊讶的→ n．惊讶
21． vt.减轻，缓解→ n．减轻，缓解→ adj.感到宽慰的，放心的，开心的
22． vi.& vt.(使)强健→ n．体力，力气；优势，优点；长处→ adj.强壮的；强大的；强烈的；坚决的→ adv.强烈地；坚固地；强有力地
23． n．尤其，特别； adj.特定的→ adv.特别；尤其
24． n．好处，益处→ adj.有益的，有用的
25． n．设备，装备→ vt.配备；使有能力
26． adj.能干的；能力强的→ n．领悟(或理解、办事)能力；容量，容积；生产量
27． vt.预防；阻止，阻挡→ n．预防；防止；防范→ adj.可以预防的；可以阻止的
28． n．细节→ adj.详细的，细致的
29． adj.可完成的；做得成的→ vt.实现；完成；(凭长期努力)达到(某目标、地位、标准)→ n．成就，成绩；达到，完成
30． n. 满足，满意→ v．使满意，使满足→ adj.满意的，满足的→ adj.令人高兴的，令人满意的
31． n．回答，答复→ vi. & vt.回答，回应；作出反应，响应
32． n．灵活性→ adj.灵活的，可变动的；柔韧的
(三)阅读单词
[第一组]
1．badminton n.
2．golf n.
3．gymnastics n.
4．jog vi.& n.
5．bowling n.
6．skateboard n.
vi.
7．track n.
8．net n.
9．court n.
10．underdog n.
11．guy n.
12．shot n.
13．bench n.
14．boxing n.
15．bounce vi.& vt.
16．case n.
[第二组]
17．warm up n.
18．tip n.
19．immune adj.
20．awkward adj.
21．membership n.
22．oxygen n.
23．ache n.
24．amount n.
25．shortcut n.
26．overnight adv.
27．overdo vt.
28．sight n.
29．cyclist n.
30．overtake vt.
31．sportsmanship n.
32．bronze n.
二、必备短语分组——抓落实
(一)汉译英
1． 取得成功；奏效
2． 跟上，保持同步
3． 以防万一
4． 报名
5． (使)高兴起来，(使)振作起来
6． 尤其，特别
7． 有能力做
8． 确保
9． 利用某物
(二)英译汉
10．rather than
11．in good/bad shape
12．try out for sth
13．crash into
14．gather around
15．not...anymore
16．let sb down
17．immune system
18．be fed up with
三、经典句式默背——积佳句
(一)句型公式
1．not only...but also...句型
One's health and wellness are dependent .
一个人的健康不仅依赖饮食，还有运动和锻炼。
2．动词 ing形式(短语)作状语
The team gathered around, .
球队围在我身边，看起来很担心。
3．否定转移
anymore, coach.
教练，我想我不能再比赛了。
4．make＋宾语＋宾语补足语
It and allows more blood to flow around your body.
它使你的心脏更强壮，并加速血液流动。
5．“连词＋分词”结构
, the younger members of the species are more physically active.
如果被单独剩下，该物种的年轻成员更活跃。
(二)单元美句
He made shot after shot, and the crowd couldn't stop clapping and cheering.
他的进球一个接一个，人群不停地鼓掌欢呼。
四、单元知识横拓——积得多
1．以cy结尾的名词集合
①accuracy 准确(性)；准确度
②frequency 频繁；频率；重复率
③urgency 紧迫，急迫；急事
④tendency 趋向，趋势，倾向
⑤privacy 隐私，隐居，秘密
⑥efficiency 效率；功效，效能
2．“annual”相关形容词全扫描
①minutely 每分钟的
②hourly 每小时的
③daily 每日的
④weekly 每周的
⑤monthly 每月的
⑥quarterly 每季度的
3．“ 动词＋off”短语速记
①tell off 斥责，责骂
②pay off 还清；取得好结果
③put off 推迟
④give off 发出(光、热、气味等)
⑤take off 起飞；脱掉
⑥cut off 切断
五、读后续写微技能——心理描写之开心
She stood by the window, joyfully and patiently watching.Golden sunlight danced in her long hair and the children's laughter floated in the air. She stared at the end of the road, hoping her close friend would come earlier. It seemed as if she had been standing there for a century.Suddenly a wave of happiness and excitement seized/took hold of/swept over/came over her when she caught sight of a familiar figure.Her heart leaped with joy, and a shining smile lit up her face.She ran to her friend and threw herself into her friend's arms. Tears of joy/happiness /excitement welled up in their eyes as they hugged tightly together.
一、单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的正确形式
1．The doctor advised that we should have a balanced (日常饮食)and get into the good habit of getting up early.
2．Unfortunately, he fell down the (楼梯)and hurt his ankle, which forced him to withdraw from the competition.
3．(2022·全国甲卷)Similarly, in Italy, never ask for (额外的)cheese to add to your food.
4．The world (冠军)finished more than two seconds ahead of his nearest rival.
5．In June, the State Council issued a (指导方针)on accelerating the construction of digital governance.
6．The development path and social (系统)chosen by the people of each country should be respected.
7．If I take a (近路), I can walk to school for only five minutes.
8．It took me a long time to thread my way through the (人群).
9．Don't forget to Tom of the meeting or he will forget to attend it.
10．Xu Haifeng is the first Chinese player to win the gold in the Olympic Games.
二、单句语法填空
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1．With people and wildlife sharing crowded spaces and limited resources, human wildlife conflict is rising in __________ (frequent).
2．A __________(balance) diet and regular exercise can help us keep healthy both physically and mentally.
3．When failing in exams, we should reflect on our weak points rather than drown ourselves in sorrow or __________ (disappointed).
4．(2020·北京卷)Positive thinking has several __________ (benefit) effects on the body and the mind.
5．Deep in its northern dense forest, there is an __________ (amazing) beautiful lake.
6．China's success in eradicating poverty is an __________ (inspire) for the developing world.
7．“You've known the truth. But why didn't you tell me anything about it？” Tom said __________ (sharp).
8．I feel a great sense of personal __________ (satisfied) when I do my job well.
9．After ten to fifteen days, if watered __________ (regular), the seeds can sprout.
10．She will continue in her present job until a __________ (replace) can be found.
三、选词填空
用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空
try out for，crash into，be fed up with，pay off，keep up with，take advantage of，in case，rather than
1．A truck went out of control and __________ the back of a bus, which caused two passengers seriously injured.
2．You can __________ a sports team in your new school, such as volleyball, tennis, lawn bowling, or whatever interests you.
3．Sandra was determined to become a doctor when she was young and her persistence and efforts __________．
4．You'd better set off earlier, __________ some unusual conditions, such as a traffic jam, will cause you to miss the appointed time.
5．He __________living in the noisy city so he decided to move to a small village.
6．A cultural relic is a treasure belonging to all peoples __________ belonging to any individual.
7．I will __________ this precious opportunity to improve my English and broaden my horizons.
8．We should equip ourselves with more knowledge to __________ the pace of society.
四、经典句式仿写
1．保护濒危动物对于人类来说不仅重要而且是必要的。(not only...but also...句型)
Protecting endangered animals is ________________________________________ for human beings.
2．感到孤独和无助，女孩痛哭起来。(动词 ing形式短语作状语)
______________________________, the girl cried bitterly.
3．我认为你没有意识到这对她是多么重要。(否定转移)
______________________________ how important this is to her.
4．他傲慢的态度使得我们所有的人非常生气。(make＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
His arrogant attitude ____________________．
5．过马路时要注意汽车。(“连词＋分词”结构)
Look out for cars ______________________________．
Part 1 重点词汇过关
1．prefer vt.更喜欢
(1)prefer to do/doing sth 更喜欢做某事
prefer sb to do sth 宁愿某人做某事
prefer (doing) sth to (doing) sth ＝prefer to do sth rather than do sth
宁愿(做)某事……也不愿(做)某事
(2)preference n. 偏爱；爱好
have a preference for 喜好……，偏爱……
【佳句】 While some prefer inheriting traditional Chinese culture, others are transforming it to be more accessible to the young generation.
虽然一些人更喜欢继承中国传统文化，但其他人正在改造它，使之更容易为年轻一代所接受。(应用文写作之传统文化)
【点津】 prefer既不用于进行时态，也不用于比较级。其过去式和过去分词形式均为：preferred。
练透——单句语法填空
①The elderly people have their own life to manage, and prefer __________ (spend) their time square dancing and traveling abroad or around the country.
②In general, the old prefer classical music and Peking opera __________ pop music.
③Nowadays many children prefer surfing the Internet at home to __________ (take) exercise outdoors.
④(2021·天津卷)Kids with __________ (prefer) for the arts have a greater chance of finding employment in the future.
写美——一句多译
我宁愿租一套这样的房子也不愿意买一个。
⑤I __________ such an apartment __________ one.
⑥I __________ such an apartment __________ one.
【中国元素】The report shows travelers are showing an increasing preference for Red tourism.
该报告显示，游客越来越偏好红色旅游。
2．desire n．渴望
(1) have a desire to do sth 渴望做某事
have a desire for sth 渴望得到某物
(2)desire v. 渴望
desire sth 渴望某事/物
desire (sb) to do sth 渴望(某人)做某事
desire that... 渴望……(从句谓语要用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。）
【佳句】Knowing that a Chinese painting exhibition will be held, I'm writing to express my desire to be a volunteer.
得知将举办一场国画展，我写信表达我想成为一名志愿者的愿望。(应用文之申请信)
练透——单句语法填空
①She has a strong desire __________ knowledge and wants to go to college very much.
②He desired __________ (join) the army and devoted himself to the country.
③The boy's mother desires him __________ (solve) this problem by himself.
④It is desired that all the exercises __________ (hand) in before school was over.
写美——句型转换
⑤My family and teachers desire that I go abroad for further education.
→My family and teachers desire me __________ for further education.
3．crowd n．人群
(1)a crowd of 一群；一伙；一堆
crowds of 成群的……；许多……
(2)crowd v. 涌上(心上)；涌入(脑海)
crowd into 涌入
crowd in on sb (指想法等)大量涌现
(3) crowded adj. 拥挤的
be crowded with... 挤满了…
【佳句】As I looked at the huge crowd clapping for me, I could not believe that I was the head girl of the school.
当我看着为我鼓掌的人群时，我不敢相信我是学校的女生代表。
【点津】 crowd还可用作动词，意为“挤满；使拥挤”。
练透——单句语法填空
①Wherever the film star goes, there are __________ (crowd) of people waiting to see her.
②As industry developed, more and more people crowded __________cities from the countryside.
③The bus was so __________ (crowd) that I had to stand all the way to school.
④During holidays and weekends, hotels are fully booked and the narrow streets are crowded __________ tourists.
写美——读后续写之回忆往事
⑤每当我看到这些照片，许多美好的回忆就涌上心头。
Whenever I see the pictures, many happy memories__________.
4.remind vt.使(某人)想起，提醒
(1) remind sb (not) to do sth
提醒某人(不)做某事
remind sb of sth 使某人想起……单
【佳句】The gift reminded me of a conversation I'd overheard at a department store.这件礼物让我想起了在百货公司无意中听到的一段对话。
【点津】 和“remind sb of sth”结构相似的还有：accuse sb of sth“控告某人某事”；warn sb of sth“警告某人某事”；convince sb of sth“使某人相信某事”。
练透——单句语法填空
①You'd better remind your grandfather __________ (take) his medicine, in case he forgets.
②If you hadn't reminded me __________ the homework, I would certainly have forgotten it.
③The exhibition is a __________ (remind) for us not to forget the past.
写美——句式升级
④Although they are reminded not to drive after drinking, some drivers are still trying their luck, which is really dangerous.
→______________________________, some drivers are still trying their luck, which is really dangerous.(动词 ed形式短语作状语)
5．prohibit vt.禁止
(1) prohibit sb from doing sth
禁止某人做某事
(2)prohibition n. (尤指通过法律的)禁止，阻止；禁令，禁律【佳句】Never do what is prohibited by law.
永远不要做法律禁止的事情。
练透——单句语法填空
①Digging and other works along the line are carried out during the day only, and construction __________ (prohibit) at night so as not to disturb animals.
②The local government prohibits boats __________ entering this area in order to keep the dolphins safe.
③The __________ (prohibit) against drunken driving has saved millions of lives in the past ten years.
写美——完成句子
④从上午8点到下午6点，机动车辆禁止在市中心行驶。
Motor vehicles ______________________________ in the town centre from 8 am to 6 pm.
6．occupy vt.占用，占去(时间)
(1)occupy oneself in doing sth/with sth
忙着做某事/忙于某事
(2) occupied adj. 被占领的；忙于；有人使用(或居住)的
be occupied (in) doing sth/with sth
忙着做某事/忙于某事
(3)occupation n. 侵占，占领；(土地、房屋、建筑等的)使用，居住；工作，职业
【佳句】How much memory does the program occupy
这个程序占用多少内存？
【点津】 表示“忙于做某事”的短语还有：①be engaged in doing sth ②be busy (in) doing sth/with sth ③be buried in doing sth
练透——单句语法填空
①Thanks to the CPC’s leadership, China has become the world's second largest economy, __________ (occupy) an important position on the global stage.
②__________ (occupy) in looking after her children, she can't spare any time to have a holiday.
③He would have attended your birthday party but he had occupied himself with a very important experiment.
④Choosing an __________ (occupy) takes time, and there are a lot of things you have to think about.
写美——句式升级
⑤She is occupied in looking after three children at home, so she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in the club.
→______________________________, she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in the club.(动词 ing形式短语作状语)
→Occupied in looking after three children at home, she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in the club.(动词 ed形式短语作状语)
7．relieve vt.减轻，缓解
(1)relieve sb of sth
解除某人的(负担﹑ 责任、职务等)
(2)relief n. 减轻，缓解
to one's relief＝to the relief of sb
令某人感到欣慰的是
(3)relieved adj. 感到宽慰的，放心的，开心的
be relieved to do sth
做某事感到很宽慰/放心/开心
【佳句】The new secretary will relieve us of some of the paperwork.
新来的秘书将会减轻我们文书工作的一些负担。
练透——单句语法填空
①Domestic robots are of great help to housewives because they can relieve them __________ household chores.
②Much to the mother's __________ (relieve), her son was eventually admitted to a key university.
③All her family members and relatives were __________ (relieve) to hear that she was out of danger.
写美——完成句子
④你的话减轻了我所有的忧虑。
What you said______________________________.
8．particular n．尤其，特别； adj.特定的
(1)in particular 尤其，特别
be particular about 对……过于尤其
【佳句】We may be able to design a course to suit your particular needs.
我们也许能策划一个课程来满足你的特定需求。
练透——单句语法填空
①It was a good concert—I enjoyed the last song__________ particular.
②The restaurant is popular with the local people, __________ (particular) among young people.
③Don't be too particular __________ what you eat and wear; pay more attention to your study and work.
写美——完成句子
④只有讲究饮食，我们才能预防自己生病。
Only when we ______________________________ prevent ourselves from falling ill.
9．benefit n．好处，益处
(1)benefit v. 使受益
benefit sb/sth 使某人/物受益
benefit from/by... 从……中受益/获益
(2)for the benefit of ＝for one's benefit
为了……的利益
be of benefit to 有益于……；对……有好处
(3)beneficial adj. 有利的；有益的；受益的
be beneficial to... 有益于；对……有好处
【佳句】Now, it's tough to argue against the many benefits that the Internet has brought into our lives. 现在，很难反驳互联网给我们生活带来的诸多好处。(应用文写作之科技发展)
练透——单句语法填空
①As we know, books are the source of knowledge and we can benefit a great deal __________ reading.
②It is said that Yoga is of great benefit __________ health, so you can try it.
③China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals __________ the benefit of all its citizens.
④Several studies have shown that listening to music can be highly __________ (benefit).
写美——一句多译
天天做运动对健康非常有益处。
⑤Doing exercise every day __________ health. (beneficial)
⑥Doing exercise every day __________ health. (benefit)
【中国元素】Facts have shown that a more open China has benefited not only the 1.4 billion people of China, but also the people around the world.
事实表明，一个更加开放的中国不仅造福于14亿中国人民，也造福于世界人民。
10．capable adj.能干的；能力强的
(1)be capable of (doing) sth
有(做)某事的能力
(2)capacity n. 能力，才能
have capacity to do sth/for sth
有(做)某事的能力
in one's capacity as＝in the capacity of
作为……；以……资格、身份或职位
【佳句】Successful people don't let their age define what they are capable of.
成功人士不会让他们的年龄决定他们的能力。
练透——单句语法填空
①I firmly believe you have the capacity __________ (create) your own happiness.
②The mission made China the fifth country capable __________ building and launching its own carrier rocket to reach Earth's orbit.
③In order to adapt to the development of the times, human beings must have the capacity __________ life long learning.
写美——同义句转换
④I believe she can take care of herself.
→I believe she ____________________ care of herself. (capacity)
→I believe she ____________________ care of herself.(capable)
→I believe she ____________________ care of herself.(able)
【中国元素】The driverless bullet trains connecting Beijing and Zhangjiakou in northern Hebei Province are capable of hitting speeds up to 350 kph. 连接北京和河北省北部张家口的无人驾驶动车，时速能达350公里。
11．prevent vt.预防；阻止，阻挡
(1)prevent/stop sb(from) (doing) sth
阻止某人(做)某事(在被动结构中，介词from不可省略)
keep sb from (doing) sth
阻止某人(做)某事
(2)prevention n. 预防；防止；防范
(3)preventable adj. 可以预防的；可以阻止的
【佳句】The firefighters showed us what to do in case of a fire, how to prevent the fire and how to use different kinds of fire fighting equipment.
消防队员向我们展示了发生火灾时该怎么做，如何预防火灾，以及如何使用各种消防设备。(应用文写作之活动介绍)
【点津】 表示“阻止某人(做)某事”时，prevent/stop sb (from) (doing) sth中的介词from可以省略，但keep sb from (doing) sth中的from不能省略。在被动结构中，以上短语中的from均不可省略。
练透——单句语法填空
①(2021·天津卷)This will prevent you from __________ (get) lost in the first few days of classes, and familiarize you with how long it takes to get from place to place.
②The situation in that country should__________ (prevent) from becoming worse and worse.
③Most of the mistakes in his test paper are __________ (prevent)if he is more careful.
④Law is made to punish crimes with an eye on __________ (prevent).
写美——句式升级
⑤The firemen arrived quickly, so they prevented the fire from spreading.
→The firemen arrived quickly, ____________________. (动词 ing形式短语作状语)
12．detail n．细节
(1)in detail 详细地
go into detail(s) 详细叙述；逐一说明
(2)detailed adj. 详细的，详尽的
【佳句】We carefully watched every detail of his action.
我们仔细观察了他动作的每个细节。
练透——单句语法填空
①Please visit our website to get more __________ (detail) of our products.
②Thankfully, after I explained my plan to them __________ detail, they said yes.
③He gave me __________ (detail) instructions on how to get there.
写美——完成句子
④他拒绝详细叙述他的计划。
He refused to __________ about his plans.
13．satisfaction n．满足，满意
(1)to sb's satisfaction 令某人满意的是
with satisfaction 满意地，心满意足地
(2)satisfy vt. 使满意，使满足
satisfy sb with sth 使某人满足于某事
(3)satisfied adj. 满意的，满足的
be satisfied with 对……感的
【佳句】Stroking Tom's hair, Mom smiled with satisfaction.
妈妈抚摸着汤姆的头发，满意地笑了。(读后续写之动作描写)
练透——单句语法填空
①She stopped writing and read what she had written with__________ (satisfy).
②In order to satisfy our customers __________ high quality service, we are inviting an expert to train our workers.
③If you are not satisfied __________ your purchase, we will give you a full refund.
④It is __________ (satisfy) in life to make one friend, more than enough to make two friends and rare to make three friends.
写美——完成句子
⑤让老师满意的是，他正确地回答了所有的问题。
______________________________, he answered all the questions correctly.
【中国元素】China will further advance the integration of elderly and medical care services to increase satisfaction of its growing elderly population.
中国将进一步推进养老和医疗服务一体化，以提高不断增长的老年人口的满意度。
14．amazed adj.大为惊奇的，惊讶的
(1)be amazed at/by 对……很惊奇
be amazed to find/learn/see...
惊奇的发现/了解到/看到
(2)amazement n. 惊讶
(much) to one's amazement
令某人(非常)惊讶的是
in amazement 惊讶地
(3)amaze v. 使吃惊
(4)amazing adj. 惊人的，了不起的
【佳句】When Dad and Mom arrived a day earlier, they were amazed to find everything in a mess.
当爸爸妈妈提前一天到达时，他们惊讶地发现一切都乱糟糟的。(读后续写之家庭生活)
练透——单句语法填空
①Visitors are amazed__________ (find) that great changes have taken place in China in the past thirty years.
②He looked at me in __________ (amaze), and it seemed that he hadn't recognized me.
③Much __________ his amazement, he found that no two snowflakes were exactly the same shape.
写美——完成句子
④看到她巨大的变化我感到惊讶。
I ____________________ how much she had changed.
15．response n．回答，答复
(1)make a/no response to
对……做出回复/不回复
in response to
为了回应……；作为对……的回答
(2)respond vi. 回答；响应；做出反应
respond to 对……做出回复/回答
【佳句】She made an appeal on social media and was met with a flood of kind responses.
她在社交媒体上发出呼吁，并得到了大量善意的回应。(读后续写之慈善事业)
练透——单句语法填空
I knocked on the door but there was no __________ (respond).
②__________ response to the call of motherland, a lot of graduates volunteer to work in the rural area.
③She responded __________ my letter with a phone call.
写美——一句多译
她没有回复我的信件。
She didn't __________ my letter. (respond)
⑤She didn't __________ my letter. (response)
1．track
[对点微练]——选出track的含义
A．n.跑道 B．n.足迹，踪迹
C．n.轨道 D．vt.追踪
①Engineers carried out a thorough inspection of the track to ensure the safety of the trains.
②The hunter tracked the wolf and managed to catch it.
When Kelly ran around the track, she heard many cheers and kids shouting, “Go Kelly! You can do it！”
④We followed the bear's tracks in the snow.
2．net
[对点微练]——选出net的含义
A．n.(网球等的)球网
B．adj.净得的
C．vt.净赚，净得
D．vt.(将球)踢入球门，射入球门
①It is reported the company's net profit increased by 10% last year.
②The player has netted 21 goals so far this season.
③Just one minute before the game was over, he kicked the ball into the net, helping his team win the champion.
④He netted a million dollars after taxes last year.
3．tip
[对点微练]——选出tip的含义
A．n.建议，忠告，窍门 B．n. 小费
C．n.尖，尖端 D．vt.倒出，翻覆
①It is a custom in that country to give the waiter a tip after the meal.
②He tipped the contents of the bag onto the table.
③The following are some tips to help you gain the promotion you want.
④What you see is only the tip of the glacier and eight ninths of it is under the sea.
◎主题语境培优——词汇库
1.coach n. 2.captain n． 3．professional adj. 4.amateur adj. 5．medal n. 6.build up one's body 7．set a new world record 8.a close game 9．the starting/finishing line 10.win a gold medal 11．bring glory to the country 12.record holder 13．physical exercise 14．get into the good habit of getting up early 15．improve heart and lung function [自主核对区] 1．教练 2.队长 3．专业的，职业的 4.业余的 5．奖牌 6.增强某人的体质 7．创造一项新的世界纪录 8.一场势均力敌的比赛 9．起点/终点线 10.获得一枚金牌 11．为国家带来荣誉 12.纪录保持者 13．体育锻炼 14.养成早起的习惯 15．提高心肺功能
Part 2 写作句式迁移
1．not only...but also...句型
[课本原句]One's health and wellness are dependent not only on diet，but also on sport and exercise.
一个人的健康不仅依赖饮食，还有运动和锻炼。
(1)not only...but also...句型，意为“不仅……而且……”，用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其中的also有时可以省略；
(2)not only...but also...连接的两个成分作主语时，谓语动词要遵循“就近一致”原则。即谓语动词和最近的主语保持一致；
(3)not only...but also...连接两个句子，且not only置于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装，但but also后的句子不倒装。
【佳句】Here visitors can not only increase their knowledge, but also review history.
参观者在这里不仅可以增长知识，而且重温了历史。
【写作迁移】——微写作
①一个微笑不仅能使我们快乐，也能使别人感到高兴。
Not only ____________________, but also it enables others to feel delighted.
②智能手机不仅占用了我们宝贵的时间，而且对我们的健康造成了极大的危害。
Smartphones not only take up our valuable time, ______________________________．
【中国元素】Practising Chinese kung fu can not only build up people's strength, but also develop people's character.
练中国功夫不仅可以强身健体，而且可以塑造我们的性格。
2．否定转移
[课本原句]I don't think I can play anymore, coach.
教练，我想我不能再比赛了。
否定转移是指把对宾语从句的否定转移到主句谓语动词上，它必须同时满足三个条件：
(1)主语是第一人称I或we；
(2)主句谓语是一般现在时；
(3)谓语动词应是think, believe, suppose, guess, expect, imagine等。
【佳句】I don't believe the man can finish the work on time. 我认为这个人是不会按时完成这项工作的。
【点津】 否定前移的宾语从句， 在变成反意疑问句时， 反意疑问句的主谓语要与从句一致。
【写作迁移】——微写作
①我认为他不会操作这台新机器。
____________________ the new machine.
②我们觉得他不会来的。
We don't think he __________.
③我想你没遇见汤姆，对吗？
I don't think you've met Tom, __________？
单句语法填空
1．An increasing number of people prefer __________ (buy) online to enjoy benefits of low prices, broad categories and fast delivery offered by online stores.
2．He met with many failures, but he was not discouraged, still having a burning desire __________ (achieve) his goal.
3．We must improve the quality of our products so that we will not let ourselves __________ (overtake) by our competitors.
4．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won't result in a useful__________ (respond).
5．After getting home, when the boy opened the box, he was amazed __________ (see) a pair of sports shoes.
6．Actually, even very small children are capable __________ resolving their own conflicts, and if possible should be left alone to do so.
7．Give me time to collect my thoughts, and I will work out a__________ (detail) plan.
8．Breathing a sigh of __________ (relieve), Caroline looked at the bird, which was still peacefully sleeping in the box as if nothing had happened.
9．Scientists collect endangered and useful wild species, put them in a paper or cotton bag so that they can be prevented __________ getting bad, and send them to the seed bank.
10．__________ (occupy) with his work, he doesn't even have time to have a dinner with his parents.
完成句子
1．我最喜欢的球队赢得冠军的消息使我振作起来。
The news that my favorite team won the championship __________.
2．一定提醒他早点回来。
Be sure to ____________________ early.
3．她努力学习不想让父母失望。
She works hard so as not to ____________________.
4．跟上国际国内市场的变化对我们来说很重要。
It is important for us to ____________________ the changes of international and domestic market.
5．请确保演出时关上所有手机。
Please ____________________ all mobile phones are switched off during the performance.
6．这是个好主意，但我认为他不会同意的。
This is a good idea, but ______________________________．
7．他在会上说的话使我非常紧张。
What he said in the meeting ____________________．
8．你应该在会议上保持沉默，除非被邀请说话。
You should remain silent at the conference, ____________________.
话题微写作
根据汉语提示使用本单元的单词、短语和句式完成下面短文。
假定你是李华，请你根据提示写一篇文章，介绍你的运动爱好和你在学校期间的一场比赛。
1．我是一个运动迷，总是保持均衡的饮食。
2．当我在中学的时候，我喜欢慢跑、骑自行车、体操和打羽毛球。
3. 当我进入大学时，我爱上了足球，成为了学校足球队的一员。
4. 一天，我们和另一支球队在争夺冠军。
5. 不幸的是，我们的一名球员汤姆撞到球门柱上，受了重伤。
6. 我们很可能会被打败。然而，汤姆站了起来。人群禁不住鼓掌欢呼。
7. 我们队最终赢得了比赛，汤姆的努力得到了回报。
I am a sport fan and always 1. ____________________ (保持均衡的饮食). When I was in middle school， I liked 2. ____________________ (慢跑、骑自行车、体操和打羽毛球). When I entered university, I 3. ____________________ (爱上了足球)and became 4. ____________________ (学校足球队的一员). One day, we and another team 5. ____________________ (正在争夺冠军). Unfortunately, one of our players, Tom, crashed into(撞上了)the goal post and got seriously injured. It was likely that we 6. ____________________ (会被打败). However, Tom rose to his feet. The 7. ____________________ (人群)couldn't help clapping and cheering. Our team finally won the game and Tom's efforts 8. ____________________ (得到回报).
