Unit 8 What are the shirts made of? 辅导讲义（表格式）

学科教师辅导讲义
审核人： 审核时间：
学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师： 课时数：2小时
授课类型 T-知识点 ★★ C-语法 ★★★
授课日期及时段
教学目标 1.Unit8知识点梳理 2.重点单词、短语 3.灵活运用句型
重点难点 单词辨析 句型运用
Section A 知识点一widely的用法 教材原文For example，Anxi and Hangzhou are widely known for their tea.比如，安湿和杭州因其茶叶而广为人知。 widely是副词.意为“广泛地， 普遍地”。如： Arabic is the official and most widely spoken language.阿拉伯语是官方语言，也是最广泛使用的语言。 同根词wideadj.宽的， 宽阔的； 广泛的widelyadv.广泛地， 普遍地widthn.宽度 - th是名词后缀
【拓展】 例(2018黑龙江哈尔滨中考) So far，Confucius Institute(孔子学院) has been set up in many other country.And Chinese is spoken in those countries. A.widely B.badly C.hardly 知识点二be known for的用法 教材原文For example， Anxi and Hangzhou are widely known for their tea.比如，安溪和杭州因其茶叶向广为人知。 be known for意为“以…而闻名”，相当于be famous for。如： be known for同be famous for/be well-known for，表示“以...而闻名”，后跟出名的原因be known as同be famous as/be well-known as， 表示“作为...而闻名”,后跟出名时的身份，职业地位等
Her mother is known for her cooking. 她的母亲因厨艺而出名。 【辨析】be known for与 be known as France is known for its wine. 法国以葡萄酒而闻名。 Einstein was known as a great scientist. 爱因斯坦作为一位伟大的科学家而著名。 例(2019江苏连云港中考) Brazil_________(因……茗称)the Amazon ran forest and soccer.Many people travel the every year. 知识点三process的用法 教材原文When the leaves are ready， they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing.当叶子长好时，人们就手工将叶子采摘下来，然后将它们送去加工。 process在句中用作动词， 意为“加工； 处理”。如： Brazil began importing soybeans to process at home. 巴西开始进口大豆在国内加工。 The computer helps us to process reservations rapidly.计算机帮助我们迅速处理预订。 【拓展】process还可用作名词， 意为“过程；进程”。in process意为“在进行中”。in the process of doing sth.意为“在做某事的过程中”。如： Building a car is along process. 制造一辆小汽车有很长的工序。 The house was in the process of repairing· 房屋处于修理过程中。 例They are _______(在…过程中) discussing them a tier. 知识点四allow的用法 教材原文Children under 18 aren't allowed to watch this show without their parents. 18岁以下的孩子在没有父母的陪同下不被允许观看这个节目。 allow为动词，意为“允许”， be allowed to do sth. 意为“被允许做某事”。如： People are not allowed to smoke here. 这里不许人们吸烟。 【拓展】allow的用法 (1) allow为及物动词， allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”， be allowed to do sth.是其对应的被动结构； allow sb. sth. 意为“给予某人某物”。如： I don't think we should allow teenagers to use mobile phones in class. 我认为我们不应该让青少年在上课时使用手机。 Their teacher allowed them three days for the assignment. 他们的老师给了他们三天时间完成作业。 (2) allow后也常接动名词， 即allow doing sth. 意为“允许做某事”如： We don't allow smoking in the hall. 大厅里不允许抽烟。 例My mother doesn't allow me______ up too late. A.to stay B.stay C.staying Section B 知识点一hold的用法 教材原文The international kite festival is held in April every year.国际风筝节在每年四月举办。 hold(held，held) 在句中用作及物动词，意为“举办，举行”。如： We held a party to celebrate our success. 我们举行宴会庆祝我们的成功。 【拓展】hold作及物动词时，还可意为“握住，抓住；容纳”等。如： I want you to stand beside me and hold the torch. 我想要你拿着手电筒站在我旁边。 The new football stadium can hold eighty thousand people. 新的足球场可以容纳八万人。 例(2018湖北十堰中考)第21届世界杯足球赛开幕式于2018年6月14日在俄罗斯举行。 The opening ceremony of the 21st FIFA World Cup_______ in Russia on June 14，2018. 知识点二turn...into的用法 教材原文The most common things， from paper toe lay to bamboo， a returned into objects of beauty.最为普通的东西，从纸张到陶土再到竹子，都变成了精美的物品。 tum into意为”变成； 转变“。如： If it is cold enough，water can turn into ice. 如果足够冷，水就能变成冰。 turn..into...意为“把…变成……”。如： At last，the writer turned the ugly duck into a white swan.最后，作者把丑小鸭变成了白天鹅。 tum on 打开 off关掉互为反义词up调高声音 down调低声音互为反义词right向右转 left 向左转互为反义词 over翻转
【拓展】与turn相关的短语 例2(2018山东青岛黄岛期末) He is creative.He is going to turn______ his car a playroom for the children. A.into B.with C.in D.from Ⅰ. 根据句意完成句子中已给出首字母或汉语提示的单词 1.There are many different 　　　　(种类)of flowers in the garden. 2.The movie is from a 　　　　(历史的)story. 3.Before handing in your article,you should 　　　　(润色)it again and again. 4.We always hold many　　　　(庆祝活动)during the festivals. 5.　　　　(气球)are often used to create a lively environment. 6.A　　　 to an ancient Chinese legend,Shen Nong discovered tea. 7.Noodles is seen as a s　　　 of long life. 8.We must c　　　 what we should do on time. 9.Each place in China has its own special f　　　 of art. 10.Children,especially girls like to listen to f　　　 tales. Ⅱ. 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.About 200 　　　　(compete)took part in this activity. 2.My sister wants to learn 　　　　　(cook)in the cooking school. 3.Tom has a cat.　　　　(it)name is Mimi. 4.Spring is coming.Everything is 　　　　.(live) 5.Please 　　　　the soup before eating it.(hot) 6.Please pass me the 　　　　.(scissor) 7.Dumplings are one of the 　　　　(tradition)foods in China. 8.He does everything 　　　　.(careful) 9.He has a lot of hobbies,such as 　　　　(climb)mountains and swimming. 10.The clay pieces should 　　　　(fire)at a very high heat. 一般现在时的被动语态 一、被动语态的含义 英语中，有两种语态，分别为主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态被动语态含义主语是动作的执行者主语是动作的承受者，即主语是行为动作的对象例句Many people speak English.许多人讲英语。English is spoken by many people.英语被许多人讲。说明 谓语speak这一动作由主语many people来执行 主语English是speak这一动作的承受者
二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成其中，助动词be有人称、时态和数的变化。 三、被动语态的用法 当说话者不知道动作的执行者或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，只需强调动作的承受者，可以使用被动语态。如果需要在被动语态中指出动作的执行者时，可用介词by引出。如： I am asked to study hard by my father. 我被爸爸要求努力学习。 四、一般现在时的被动语态 1.一般现在时的被动语态的各种句式结构： (1) 肯定式：主语+am/is/are+过去分词(+by...) 。如：The teachers are well respected by us. 老师受我们尊敬。 (2) 否定式：主语+am/is/are+not+过去分词(+by...)。如： Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 要求参观者不要碰展品。 疑问式：Am/Is/Are+主语+过去分词(+by...)。如： Are knives used for cutting things 刀是被用来割东西的吗 2.一般现在时中主动语态变被动语态的方法： (1)主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。 (2)主动语态的谓语动词变为“be+及物动词的过去分词”的形式。 (3)主动语态的主语变为by引导的短语放在主谓结构之后，常可以省略。如： We speak English. 主语 谓语 宾语 English is spoken by us. 宾语变主语 be+过去分词 主语变为by... 【注意】：主动语态中，在make，let，hear，see，watch等词后省略了to的动词不定式，变成被动语态时to不能省略，要加上。如： The boss made the boy do heavy work. 老板让这个男孩做繁重的工作。 The boy was made to do heavy work by the boss. 这个男孩被老板要求做繁重的工作。 例(2019湖南株洲中考) The students in this school_____ to choose their own school uniforms. A.are allowed B.allowed C.are allowing Ⅰ.用括号中单词的正确形式填空 1.My cousin is a good speaker of 　　　　(France). 2.You have to avoid　　　　(make) the same mistake again. 3.No matter where you go in America,you can find many 　　　　(produce) made in China. 4.In Beijing University,there are many 　　　　(Germany)and they can speak Chinese well. 5.(2019山东泰安岱岳期中改编)Pandas love eating bamboo 　　　　(leaf). 6.　　　　(postman)bring letters and postcards to people's homes. 7.　　　　(care)mistakes should be avoided. 8.The classroom　　　　(clean)by the students every day. 9.More and more students are wearing 　　　　(glass)in our school. 10.We must pay attention to the 　　　　(environment)problems. Ⅱ. 阅读理解 A Chinese Farmers' Harvest (收获,收割)Festival is the first festival in China for farmers.The festival starting from 2018,falls on the Autumnal Equinox (秋分)each year.The Autumnal Equinox is one of the 24 solar terms(节气)of the Chinese lunar calendar and usually falls between September 22nd and 24th,during the country's harvest season. As we all know,China has the largest population all over the world.It was difficult to feed the largest population in the past.After reform and opening (改革开放),with the development of modern agriculture (农业),people's life is getting better and better,and their living conditions have improved a lot.Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival shows that our government is paying more attention to agriculture and farmers' life.It will greatly encourage farmers to farm and develop further modern agriculture.China has a long history of agriculture.Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival,the cultural symbol,helps to show China's long farming culture to the world.It also connects the excellent traditional Chinese culture to modern civilization (文明)and improves the cultural self-confidence and national pride. Since the festival is especially created for farmers,they are encouraged to think of their own ways to celebrate harvest.Some activities are held across the country,but most of the celebrations will take place at a local level that comes from local customs.Also,local government usually hosts all kinds of activities for the festival,such as folk culture performances,food tasting and so on. Some people think the festival is the happiest time of a year,even better than the Spring Festival,because food gives people a sense of safety and hope.For other people,the harvest festival is a time to look back at the past and look forward to the future. 1.We probably celebrate the Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival on 　　　　. A.September 20th B.September 23rd C.September 25th D.October lst 2.The main purposes that Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival was created don't include 　　　　. A.showing the long history of farming culture of China B.improving Chinese cultural self-confidence and national pride C.encouraging Chinese farmers to give up local customs D.connecting the traditional Chinese culture to modern civilization 3.We can learn from the third paragraph that 　　　　. A.the celebrations will be differently based on local customs B.western countries also celebrate the Farmers' Harvest Festival C.the Farmers' Harvest Festival is one of the Chinese traditional festivals D.The Farmers' Harvest Festival is created for both farmers and workers 4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage A.The Farmers' Harvest Festival falls on different days in different areas in China. B.The Farmers' Harvest Festival is the best time to harvest crops(庄稼)in the world. C.The Farmers' Harvest Festival has been celebrated twice in our country so far. D.China's modern agriculture has greatly developed because of reform and opening. B The next time you look up at the sky and see a cloud that looks like Mickey Mouse or your favorite fruit,look again.It may not be a cloud,but a Flogo—a logo that flies.It's a new form of advertising in the sky that has never been used before.It's a different way to market your products,logos,and events. These funny logos are made with soap bubbles(肥皂泡)mixed with a little helium(氦气),which makes them lighter than air and float in the sky.Special machines are used to make these new funny Flogos.The machine,which can be rented for $2,500 a day,can make a Flogo every 15—25 seconds. Flogos can fly much higher or lower if needed.They can last from a few minutes to an hour anywhere in the sky,depending on the weather conditions.Though they can fly up to 20,000 feet,they usually float around at 300—500 feet.Flogos are only white now,but people hope to have more colorful Flogos in the near future. Flogos are green,100% environmentally safe,because the soap used to make the Flogo comes from plants and leaves.So this fun way of advertising is healthy and good for the environment. 1.Flogos are mainly used to 　　　　. A.advertise in the sky B.make funny bubbles C.improve weather conditions D.see colorful clouds 2.Why are Flogos healthy and good for the environment A.Because they can float high and last for a long time in the sky. B.Because there is a little helium mixed with soap bubbles. C.Because the machines used to make them are special and expensive. D.Because the soap used to make them comes from plants and leaves. 3.From the passage,we can infer that Flogos 　　　. A.can fly for hours in the sky all day B.can have different colors at present C.may be influenced by the weather D.may be the cheapest way of advertising 4.Which of the following can be the best title of the passage A.Machines—Used for Flogos! B.Flogos—Logos that Fly! C.Advertising—Made of Fruits! D.Clouds—like Mickey Mouse! Ⅲ. 阅读表达 阅读短文,根据要求完成下面各小题。 Most of you will enter high school this autumn.By that time,you'll find yourself immersed in (沉浸于)traditional Chinese culture.3.The traditional Chinese culture can help students build cultural confidence.Nowadays,the education focuses more on the traditional Chinese culture. At public schools,the students are called for to recite(背诵)72 ancient poems or articles.Besides Chinese language,other subjects such as fine arts,music and physical education will also focus more on traditional Chinese culture.For example,fine arts will include new lessons on Chinese calligraphy(书法)and painting. China has also seen a growing interest in traditional culture in the private(私立的)education area.It is reported that more than 3,000 traditional private schools have been built since 2004.They mainly teach traditional Chinese classic(经典). According to Fu Yan,a Chinese language teacher at Hangzhou Xuejun High School,learning about traditional Chinese culture is a good thing for students.4.“At their age,the students may be too young to understand some classics.” Fu told Qianjiang Evening News.“However,as their life experience builds up,they may develop their own thoughts about the wisdom(智慧)of the classics,which could be a driving force for their growth.” A.根据短文内容简要回答问题。 1.How many ancient poems or articles do the students need to recite at public school 2.What does Fu Yan think of learning about traditional Chinese culture B.将短文中划线的句子译成汉语。 3. 4. C.请给短文拟个适当的标题。 5.
课后作业答案
1.French　2.making　3.products　4.Germans　5.leaves　6.Postmen　7.Careless　8.is cleaned　9.glasses　10.environmental
阅读理解1-4　BCAD ADCB
阅读表达1.At public schools,the students are called for to recite 72 ancient poems or articles.
2.Fu Yan thinks traditional Chinese culture is a good thing for students.
3.中国传统文化可以帮助学生建立文化自信。
4.在他们这个年龄,学生们可能太小,无法理解一些经典著作。
5.Learning about traditional Chinese culture