(共35张PPT)
Unit 2 Reading for writing
How to write an effective argumentative essay
Introductory paragraph
The hot issue
provides your topic and background information for your readers to understand your position/thesis statement (论点)
Body paragraphs
lay out the supporting points in favor of your argument.
The advantage
The disadvantage
the arguments (论据)
& supporting examples Using data and other supporting evidence
Conclusion
State your position and arguments
Headline: make a claim
Address potential objections to the claim
The topic of...(主题)is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions about it. Some people believe that ①----------------(观点一). For example,②-------------(举例或提供论据证明). In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point. For one thing, ① ----------(我不同意该看法的理由一). For another thing, ② ------(反对的理由之二)
While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly,...(支持B的理由一). Secondly (besides),...(理由二). Thirdly (Finally),...(理由三).
From my point of view, I think ...(我的观点). The reason is that ...(原因). As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice .
写作模板
Step 1 Writing Activity
最近,你在某英文论坛上看到一个帖子,内容是“Will human teachers be replaced by AI teachers ”
。请你对该帖子发表自己的看法。
内容要点包括:
1.AI教师的优势;
2.AI教师的劣势:
3.你的看法。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
本写作任务要求对“人类教师会不会被AI教师取代?”的帖子进行回帖,是一篇正反对比类议论文。
此类作文写作应注意以下几点:
1 首先引入议论的话题;
2 论述正反两种观点;
3 最后表明自己的态度、观点。
Step 2 Pre-writing Activity:
Explore the topic审题.
Step 3 Pre-writing Activity:
Plan the structure.
本写作可分为四部分:
第一部分:开门见山,引入议论的话题;
第二部分:列举AI教师的优势;
第三部分:列举AI教师的劣势;
第四部分:表明个人观点。
第一部分:开门见山,引出议论的话题。
With the development of ..., ... have/has entered our life/become a new trend(趋势) in our life.
There are different opinions among ... concerning (关于) this topic.
第二部分:列举AI教师的优势。
There is no doubt that… be beneficial.
Compared with(与......相比较) ..., we have access to ... easily .
As to(关于) ..., ... have/has many advantages.
Step 4 Pre-writing Activity:
Organize languages.
第四部分:表明个人观点。
Despite the fact that ... be becoming more popular, I think we will more likely see ...
Personally(就个人而言), I believe that ... be more advantageous.
From my point of view, we should ...
Step 5 Pre-writing Activity:
Organize languanges.
However, each coin has two sides(事物都有两面性).
While(尽管) ... do /does have some advantages, they/it ..., so ... be not better.
Moreover(此外), ... , they /it be unable to ... as ...
第三部分:列举AI教师的劣势。
Step 6 Pre-writing Activity:
Practise the sentence patterns by translating .
1. 随着人工智能技术的发展,人工智能教师已经成为我们生活中的一种新趋势。
With the development of ..., ... have/has entered our life/become a new trend(趋势) in our life.
With the development of AI technology, AI teachers have become a new trend in our life.
第一部分:开门见山,引出议论的话题。
Step 7 Pre-writing Activity:
Practise the sentence patterns by translating .
2. 毫无疑问,人工智能老师是有益的。与传统教育相比,我们无论身在何处,都可以很容易地接触到人工智能老师。
There is no doubt that AI teachers are pared with traditional education, we have access to AI teachers easily wherever we are.
There is no doubt that … be beneficial.
Compared with(与......相比较) ..., we have access to ... easily .
第二部分:列举AI教师的优势。
Step 8 Pre-writing Activity: Brainstorm possible advantages and disadvantages of AI teachers .
Advance in technology Advantages Disadvantages
AI teachers
2.evaluate students’ perfor
-mances efficiently
...
1.We have access to AI teachers easily.
1. lack emotions, can not provide human contact
2. can not handle unexpected situations as real people do
...
Step 9 While-writing Activity: Use what we’ve learnt to write a paragraph to state the disadvantages of AI teachers.
最近,你在某英文论坛上看到一个帖子,内容是“Will human teachers be replaced by AI teachers ”
。请你对该帖子发表自己的看法。
内容要点包括:
1.AI教师的优势;
2.AI教师的劣势:
3.你的看法。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
However, each coin has two sides(事物都有两面性).
While(尽管) ... do have some advantages, they ... , so ... is not better.
Moreover(此外), ... , they are unable to ... as ...
第三部分:列举AI教师的劣势。
Does the essay say what the writer thinks about the topic
Does the body discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the advance
Are signposts used to help the reader understand the purpose of each paragraph
Does the conclusion state the writer’s position
Step 10 While-writing Activity: Use the checklist to review your draft
Step 11 Post-writing Activity :
Possible version.
However, each coin has two sides. While AI teachers do have some advantages, as machines, they lack emotions and can not provide human contact, so relating to students is not better. Moreover, programmed in advance, they are unable to handle unexpected situations as real people do.
第三部分:列举AI教师的劣势。
At present, with the development of AI technology, AI teachers have become a new trend in our life.
There is no doubt that AI teachers are pared with traditional education, we have access to AI teachers easily wherever we are, from whom we can get personalized teaching so that we can make progress at our own pace.
However, each coin has two sides. While AI teachers do have some advantages, as machines, they lack emotions and can not provide human contact, so relating to students is not better. Moreover, programmed in advance, they are unable to handle unexpected situations as real people do.
Possible version
Despite the fact that AI teachers are becoming more popular, I think we will more likely see them adopted as assistants in our future study.
写作实践 分步演练
目标二
假设你是李华,最近你班就“使用手机的利与弊”进行了讨论,请根据讨论结果,写一封信向校报编辑反映此事。
赞成的理由 反对的理由 你的看法
联系他人便利; 获得更多的学习资源。 沉溺手机; 浏览不健康网站。 ……
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;
3.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
第一步 审题谋篇
[审题]
写作要求是阐述“使用手机的利与弊”的讨论结果,写作时应注意下面三点:
1.确定文体:这是一篇议论文。写作时要注意议论文的写作特点。
2.主体时态:文章应以一般现在时为主。
3.主体人称:由于是关于“使用手机的利与弊”的话题,所以人称应该以第三人称为主。
[谋篇]
本文可以分为三个部分:
第一部分:引入话题——使用手机的利与弊。
第二部分:说明正方和反方的观点及理由。
第三部分:表明自己的观点。
第二步 遣词造句 [核心词汇]
1.偏爱 ___________________
2.一……就…… __________________
3.打开 _________
4.相关的 ________
5.提倡 ________
6.尽管如此;不过;然而 ___________
7.反对做某事 ____________________________
8.与……保持联系 _________________
9.对某人冷淡 ___________________
have a preference for
the instant/instantly
switch on
relevant
advocate
nevertheless
be opposed to/oppose doing sth.
keep in touch with
keep sb. at a distance
[连词成句]
1.一些学生偏爱手机。
________________________________________________________
2.手机使得与亲戚和朋友联系更方便。
Cellphones friends and relatives.
3.他们一打开手机,就能够获得相关的学习资源。
,they can obtain relevant learning resources.
Some students have a preference for cellphones.
make it more convenient to keep in touch with
The instant/Instantly they switch on cellphones
4.然而,有一些学生反对过多地使用手机。
Nevertheless,there are some students who ____________________
.
5.许多学生如此沉迷于手机以至于他们对身边的人很冷淡。
Many students ____________________________________________
.
6.由于网上有许多不健康的网站,他们的身心会受到很大伤害。
As many unhealthy websites are on the Internet,_______________ .
are opposed to/oppose
using cellphones too much
are so addicted to cellphones that they keep those
around them at a distance
they will suffer a lot physically and mentally
7.我提倡所有学生把使用手机和面对面的交流结合起来。
using cellphones with face-to-face communication.
I advocate that all the students (should) combine
第三步 句式升级
1.将句5改成倒装句
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
2.用with复合结构改写句6
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
So addicted to cellphones are many students that they keep those around them at a distance.
With many unhealthy websites on the Internet,they will suffer a lot physically and mentally.
第四步 组句成篇
用适当的过渡词语,把以上词汇和句式,再加上联想内容,组成一篇英语短文。
[参考范文]
Dear Editor,
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Recently our class has had a discussion about whether the cellphone benefits us or not. (Introduce the topic)
Some students have a preference for cellphones. Cellphones make it more convenient to keep in touch with friends and relatives.
The instant/Instantly they switch on cellphones, they can obtain relevant learning resources. (Advantages of cellphones)
Nevertheless, there are some students who are opposed to/oppose
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
using cellphones too much. So addicted to cellphones are many students that they keep those around them at a distance.Besides, with many unhealthy websites on the Internet, they will suffer a lot physically and mentally. (Disadvantages of cellphones)
Personally, I advocate that all the students(should) combine using cellphones with face-to-face communication. (Your own opinion)
返 回
Should we advocate or fight against companion robots?
Sentences to be used in your writing:
1.机器人在我们的 生活中起到重要作用。
Robots are playing a more and more important part in our daily life.
2.最近报道一家智能公司正在研发护理机器人。
Recently, it is reported that an AI company is developing companion robots.
3.人们对这种新型机器人有不同的看法。
People hold different views towards this new version of robots.
4.一方面,有人赞同使用护理机器人,因为这种机器人可以给孤独的老年人
带来很大安慰并丰富他们的生活。
On the one hand, some people are in favor of placing companion robots at home because they can provide comforts for the lonely elderly or enrich their lives.
5.另外,护理机器人可以监测老年人健康状况。
Besides, the robots can help monitor the health conditions of the elderly.
6.另一方面,有人认为这种机器人的推广使用会使一些人失去社会交往,使
人们更加疏远。
On the other hand, using this technology may cut off social contacts and widen gaps between people.
7.就个人观点,我认为护理机器人不是解决问题的钥匙。毕竟,真正温暖
的陪伴与友情远胜过冰冷的机器。
Personally, I do not see companion robots as answer to people’s problems. After all, the warm companionship and true friendship is more important than cold machines.
Now it is your turn to write!
One possible version
Should we advocate or fight against companion robots
It is reported that an AI company is developing companion robots. These robots are supposed to be friends for those who live alone. (Introduce the topic)
On the one hand, some people think a companion robot this like is good, because it can provide comfort for a lonely person and help monitor his or her health conditions. For example, if the person falls and gets injured, the robot can call 120 for help in time. (Advantages of companion robots)
On the other hand, some people may cut out social contact due to this technology. Hence, the gap between people could further widen because of this new version of robots. (Disadvantages of companion robots.)
Personally, I don’t see companion robots as an answer to people’s problems. After all, true companionship and warm friendship cannot be provided by cold machines. (Your own opinion)
Homework
Finish and revise your draft.
THANKS