黑龙江省齐齐哈尔八校2022-2023学年高二下学期期末联考英语试题（含解析，无听力部分）

齐齐哈尔八校2022-2023学年高二下学期期末联考
英语试题
(考试时间：120分钟 满分150分)
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读(共两节，每小题2.5分，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Are you interested in a career in nursing Prepare with this course where you will explore how nursing contributes to the health and well-being of individuals and communities around the world.
You will learn about the different parts nurses play, including the mission of nurses in public health. You will discover the principles of nursing and understand how nurses can help people and communities care for themselves.
This course has been created by the Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, as part of the PADILEIA project. It is supported by SPHEIR UK aid.
What topics will you cover
* The roles and unique contributions of nurses globally
* Principles and applications of Holistic care within a local context
* How nursing can support people and communities to care for themselves
* The role of nurses in public health and the role of World Health Organization
* The three impact of nursing. How nursing can improve health; promote gender equality; and contribute towards stronger economies
Learning on this course
You can take this self-guided course and learn at your own pace online. On every step of the course you can meet other learners, share your ideas and join in with active discussions in the comments online.
Who is the course for
This course has been created for refugees (难民), displaced people and the communities supporting them in the MENA (Middle East and Northern Africa) region who wish to study nursing or a healthcare-related course at a university in English. It has been created as part of the PADILEIA project.
However, it will also be of interest to anyone looking to develop their knowledge of nursing and healthcare.
Supported by UK aid-Strategic Partnerships for Higher Education, Innovation and Reform.
1. What’s the chief purpose of the course
A. To teach people how to care for themselves.
B. To train people for nursing and healthcare.
C. To help nurses improve their nursing skills.
D. To allow nurses to share their experience online.
2. What can learners do in the process of learning the course
A. Study on their own and pace themselves.
B. Discuss the PADILEIA project online.
C. Study with other learners face to face.
D. Learn from other experienced learners in hospitals.
3. Where is the text likely to be taken from
A. An advertisement. B. A science report.
C. An entertainment poster. D. A travel guide.
B
“Medicine, law, business, engineering, these are noble pursuits, and necessary to sustain life. But poetry, beauty, romance, love, these are what we stay alive for.” — Robin Williams from Dead Poets Society. This is true to my first-year self, who was crazy about getting good grades, and failed to seek the happiness found in everything else that college has to offer.
Like some people, I grew up with a family that valued academics over all else, who gave you a little extra love when you were doing great in your classes, and took it away when you didn’t. As a result, my self-worth became tied to my academic success. There is a difference between trying to always better yourself for yourself, and simply putting too much on your plate until you burn out from attempting to live up to certain expectations. We should all try to do the former, but unfortunately our mindsets have been strange to follow the latter.
For the past week, I have been going around campus asking my friends what they wanted to get out of college. Why were they truly here As you can imagine, most of the answers I got can be summed up to one word一money. It is obviously a given that everyone who puts themselves through college sees it as a means to an end, that end being making a living in the future. And few went on to say they were truly passionate about what they were studying.
However, we should all try to develop a long-sighted perspective on how we want to shape our lives. Do things with intention, because everything you do now will have a hand in shaping who you turn out to be, whether you like it or not. Take some classes on topics that you’re genuinely interested in learning about, not just passing. Join clubs or work on projects that resonate with you and push you beyond your boundaries. Build a community. Surround yourself with people who challenge and excite you. And most of all, embrace the fact that failure and loss are sometimes inevitable in life.
4. What is the function of paragraph one
A. To share an idea.
B. To introduce the topic.
C. To tell the readers a story.
D. To quote a famous saying.
5. What should people do according to paragraph two
A. Perfect yourself for yourself.
B. Live up to certain expectations.
C. Treasure academics over all else.
D. Tie self-value to academic success.
6. According to the author, what should people get out of college
A. Good grades and passion to learn.
B. The ability to make a lot of money.
C. The ability to make a living in the future.
D. A farseeing view on how to direct our lives.
7. Why does the author write the passage
A. To inspire readers to the true meaning of college life.
B. To tell readers a story about his college life.
C. To explain why good grades is not everything.
D. To complain about his family’s wrong attitude to him.
C
Artificial intelligence (AI) might be able to spot the next virus to jump from animals to humans, Scottish researchers report.
Identifying diseases before they become a threat to humans is challenging, because only a few of the nearly 2 million animal viruses can infect humans. By developing machine learning models, researchers can analyze genetic patterns of viruses that might infect people. “Our findings show that the zoonotic (动物传染人的) potential of viruses can be inferred to a surprisingly large extent from their genome sequence (基因组序列).” the researchers at the University of Glasgow reported. “By highlighting viruses with the greatest potential to become zoonotic, genome-based ranking allows further ecological and virological characterization to be targeted more effectively.”
The researchers said the models are only a first step in identifying animal viruses with the potential to infect humans, however. Viruses flagged by the models will need laboratory test confirmation before researchers pursue funding for further study. Although these models may predict if viruses might infect humans, that’s only one part of the broader risk. Zoonotic risk is also influenced by how destructive a virus is in humans, as well as its ability to transmit between people, and ecological conditions at the time of human exposure.
The findings were published online in the journal PLoS Biology. Co-author Simon Babayan said these findings add important information to that collected from genetic sequencing of viruses using AI techniques. “The more viruses are characterized, the more effective our machine learning models will become at identifying the rare viruses that ought to be closely monitored and prioritized for vaccine development.” Babayan added.
8. What is the significance of genome-based ranking
A. To identify viruses which have threatened humans.
B. To discover human viruses that can infect animals.
C. To highlight viruses with the slightest chances to become zoonotic.
D. To target ecological and virological characterization more effectively.
9. What can be inferred from the third paragraph
A. The fund for further study has been put in place.
B. There is still a long way to go for AI models to function ideally.
C. Viruses flagged by the models have been confirmed by researchers.
D. Viruses’ transmission ability is the most influential factor for zoonotic risk.
10. What is Simon Bybayan’s attitude towards the findings
A. Positive. B. Ambiguous. C. Indifferent. D. Doubtful.
11. What is the best title for this text
A. AI Models Spot Various Viruses in Nature.
B. AI Models Monitor Vaccine Development.
C. AI Models Predict Potential Zoonotic Viruses.
D. AI Models Cure Potential Zoonotic Diseases.
D
What kind of people can become scientists When a group of researchers posed that question to ninth-and 10th-graders, almost every student gave such responses as “People who work hard” or “Anyone who seems interested in the field of science.”
Many of these same students struggled to imagine themselves as scientists, citing concerns such as “I’m not good at science” and “Even if I work hard, I will not do well.” It’s easy for them to see a scientist’s work as arising from an inborn talent.
But for high school students, learning more about some struggles of scientists can help students feel more motivated to learn science. Researchers at Teachers College, Columbia University and the University of Washington designed an intervention to change students’ beliefs that scientific achievement reflects ability rather than effort by exposing students to stories of how accomplished scientists struggled and overcame challenges in their scientific efforts.
During the study, the students read one of three types of stories about Albert Einstein, Marie Curie and Michael Faraday. Intellectual struggle stories: stories about how scientists “struggled intellectually,” such as making mistakes while tackling a scientific problem and learning from them. Life struggle stories: stories about how scientists struggled in their personal lives, such as not giving up in the face of poverty or lack of family support. Achievement stories: stories about how scientists made great discoveries, without any discussion of coexisting challenges.
Researchers found that students who heard either type of “struggle stories” improved their science performance post-intervention, relative to students in the control group. The effect was especially pronounced for lower performing students, for whom exposure to struggling stories led to significantly better science-class performance than low-performing students who read achievement stories. In addition, students who read struggle stories reported feeling more personally connected to the scientists. By identifying a scientist’s struggles and introducing the growth mindset he or she applied to accomplish great works, the students were able to empathize(共情)with the scientists during their own struggles.
12. Why do students fail to imagine themselves as scientists
A. They lack interest in science. B. They don’t possess inborn talent,
C. They are short of confidence. D. They have no ability to study science
13. What’s the purpose of the intervention
A. To introduce some inspirational stories to students.
B. To expose students to scientists’ great achievements.
C. To ensure students will become scientists in the future.
D. To clear students’ misunderstandings of scientific work.
14. The underlined word “pronounced” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ________.
A. delicate B. permanent C. doubtful D. apparent
15. What can we learn from the research
A. Science ability has nothing to do with efforts.
B. Students are more motivated by achievement stories.
C. Scientists’ struggle stories can influence readers’ beliefs.
D. Low-performing students tend to feel connected to scientists.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is it likely that your siblings (兄弟姐妹) fought like cats and dogs with you when you were younger ___16___ Here’s why.
Siblings can help you have a healthier lifestyle. This is supported by a study that surveyed more than 15, 000 people. ___17___ Brothers and sisters are readily available fitness and healthy-eating friends. That can only be a bonus when you reach adulthood.
___18___ According to a study among 395 families, scientists found that having siblings made you more likely to do good deeds. It could be that having a same-generation relative encourages you to think about others, which can lead to greater life satisfaction, and fewer depressive symptoms.
Brothers and sisters improve your chances of a happy marriage. Research found that the more siblings you have, the lower your chance of getting divorced (离婚) is. In fact, for each additional one, your risk of marriage breakdown was three per cent less. ___19___ .
Having good friends can bring many of the same benefits. ___20___ Don’t panic. Research also shows that having close friends can boost your health, well-being and longevity (寿命). Make friends by signing up to groups or classes and finding people who enjoy the same things as you do.
A. That bond is vital as you enter old age.
B. Siblings can protect you from depression.
C. Having siblings makes you do an act of charity.
D. But they can actually boost your physical and mental health.
E. We don’t all have siblings, or you might live far away from yours.
F. Having siblings helps deal with the tricky situations in close relationships better.
G. Most of them credited their siblings for having the biggest impact on their health.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
We live in a world increasingly dominated by science. Since elementary school, I have always ___21___ subjects like science and math. To me, these subjects, full of discoveries and ___22___, seem to play more significant role in human progress than humanities. And I always ___23___ thought of these subjects as more solid and serious than classes like English. If there was no right ___24___, I thought, why bother But recently I had an ___25___ that taught me my academic interests are more flexible than I had thought: I took my first philosophy class.
Before I entered the classroom, I was ___26___. I waited outside with the other students and wondered what exactly philosophy would involve. I imagined getting into pretty long and boring conversations ___27___ intended to reflect on the meaning of life. But what I got was something quite ___28___.
A young man in jeans, Mr. Jones— “but you can call me Rob”—was far from the white-haired, buttoned-up old man I had ___29___. Rather than pulling us into dull arguments about difficult-to-understand philosophical points, Rob ____30____ us on our level. To talk free will, we looked at our own ____31____. To talk morals, we looked at dilemmas we had faced ourselves. By the end of class, I’d discovered that questions with no right answer can turn out to be the most ____32____ ones.
It ____33____ me that if I let go of my ____34____, I can actually get a lot out of the subjects I once thought little of. The class taught me-in more ways than one-to look at things with a(n) ____35____ mind.
21. A. chosen B. evaluated C. favored D. avoided
22. A. formulas B. puzzles C. challenges D. innovations
23. A. automatically B. consciously C. accurately D. impatiently
24. A. reason B. answer C. method D. direction
25. A. surprise B. experience C. incident D. adventure
26 A. hopeful B. confident C. doubtful D. nervous
27. A. supposedly B. mistakenly C. naturally D. previously
28. A. unique B. common C. different D. strange
29. A. mentioned B. encountered C. expected D. missed
30. A. engaged B. tested C. persuaded D. invited
31. A. choices B. abilities C. obstacles D. doubts
32. A. objective B. effective C. encouraging D. appealing
33. A. confused B. struck C. warned D. convinced
34. A. pride B. concern C. assessment D. prejudice
35. A. open B. strong C. sharp D. ready
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many excellent warship crews have been trained on the Liaoning, which is a Chinese Type 001 aircraft carrier. As the only female deck operation officer on it, Remila Dabul of Kazak ethnic group(哈萨克族), ___36___story was reported by the media in January, ___37___(attract) much public attention.
Before working on the deck, Remila was a radar and telephone ___38___(operate). But when she first saw a J-15 fighter taking off, the idea of working alongside it crossed her mind. ___39___eager was she to be a crew member that she overcame many difficulties and ultimately became ___40___(qualify). During her work, Remila wears a blue helmet, goggles, and blue suits. After a J-15 lands, what she needs to do is carry the heavy wire after ___41___(get) signals and run to the fighter to take a series of actions for a quick installation. “The higher risk our work is, the ___42___(firm) belief we should have,” said Remila. She has put her belief ___43___ practice in her daily security and guarantee work.
This year, Remila spent her ___44___(five) Spring Festival aboard the carrier. Remila said, “I miss my parents in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. I love my career and ____45____(be) willing to shoulder the responsibility to safeguard the happiness and the peaceful life of millions of families in the motherland.”
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是新华中学李华，你的外籍朋友Michael来信表示对中国文化很感兴趣，正巧这学期你校要开设“话说中国节(Festive China)”的线上课程，请你回信向他推荐此课程。内容包括：
1.开设时间；2.课程内容；3.报名方式。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Blue Ribbon
Niesha could not forget the way she had frozen in front of the class today. Mr. Roberts had divided the class into groups to do presentations. Today had been Niesha’s turn. However, her hands had shaken so badly that she couldn’t read her notes. Her voice had become softer to the point of silence. Mr. Roberts had kindly ended Niesha’s part of the presentation, even though she had clearly not finished.He had also asked Niesha to stay after class for a moment.
“Niesha, I know you’re shy, but you worked hard on this project. I’d hate to see you give up on yourself.” Then Mr. Roberts hesitated, before saying, “If I give you another chance until tomorrow, do you think you can find your courage ” Niesha nodded, grateful for the chance. She went as quickly as she could to her next class. She kept her head down and hoped the school day would end soon.
When she reached her back steps that afternoon, she could see an inviting light coming from the kitchen windows. Momma was baking. Momma studied Niesha’s face as she came into the kitchen. “What’s wrong, Niesha ”
Tears shone in Niesha’s brown eyes. She told her the whole story. Momma was silent for a moment, her hands still busy with the cake. “Why is it that you can talk to me about anything and everything, but you can’t talk to your class ” Momma asked. She set the timer(计时器)and then said, “Let me show you something.”
Niesha followed Momma to her bedroom. There Momma showed her a book filled with newspaper clippings and pictures. In it there was a blue ribbon(丝带)that said “First Place” and a picture of herself when she was very young, standing with her parents.
“I won it for public speaking. When I started on the speech team I was quiet as a mouse, but I ended the year as the winner. It wasn’t easy at first—I wasn’t sure of myself at all. I worked hard, and mostly I faced my fears. You just need to find your courage.”
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按以下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hearing Momma’s words, Niesha gazed at the precious blue ribbon.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next day Niesha again walked to the front of the classroom to give her presentation.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
齐齐哈尔八校2022-2023学年高二下学期期末联考
英语试题 答案解析
(考试时间：120分钟 满分150分)
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读(共两节，每小题2.5分，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Are you interested in a career in nursing Prepare with this course where you will explore how nursing contributes to the health and well-being of individuals and communities around the world.
You will learn about the different parts nurses play, including the mission of nurses in public health. You will discover the principles of nursing and understand how nurses can help people and communities care for themselves.
This course has been created by the Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, as part of the PADILEIA project. It is supported by SPHEIR UK aid.
What topics will you cover
* The roles and unique contributions of nurses globally
* Principles and applications of Holistic care within a local context
* How nursing can support people and communities to care for themselves
* The role of nurses in public health, and the role of World Health Organization
* The three impact of nursing. How nursing can improve health; promote gender equality; and contribute towards stronger economies
Learning on this course
You can take this self-guided course and learn at your own pace online. On every step of the course you can meet other learners, share your ideas and join in with active discussions in the comments online.
Who is the course for
This course has been created for refugees (难民), displaced people and the communities supporting them in the MENA (Middle East and Northern Africa) region who wish to study nursing or a healthcare-related course at a university in English. It has been created as part of the PADILEIA project.
However, it will also be of interest to anyone looking to develop their knowledge of nursing and healthcare.
Supported by UK aid-Strategic Partnerships for Higher Education, Innovation and Reform.
1. What’s the chief purpose of the course
A. To teach people how to care for themselves.
B. To train people for nursing and healthcare.
C. To help nurses improve their nursing skills.
D. To allow nurses to share their experience online.
2. What can learners do in the process of learning the course
A. Study on their own and pace themselves.
B. Discuss the PADILEIA project online.
C. Study with other learners face to face.
D. Learn from other experienced learners in hospitals.
3. Where is the text likely to be taken from
A. An advertisement. B. A science report.
C. An entertainment poster. D. A travel guide.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了护理培训课程的相关内容。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句话“Are you interested in a career in nursing （您对护理职业感兴趣吗？）”以及第二段第一句话“You will learn about the different parts nurses play, including the mission of nurses in public health.You will discover the principles of nursing and understand how nurses can help people and communities care for themselves.（您将了解护士扮演的不同角色，包括护士在公共卫生中的使命。您将了解护理原则，了解护士如何帮助人们和社区照顾自己。）”可知，课程目的是培养护理方面的人才。B项“培训护理和医疗保健人员”更符合题意。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Learning on this course中第一句话“You can take this self-guided course and learn at your own pace online.（您可以参加这个自我指导的课程，并按照自己的进度在线学习。）”可知，在学习课程的过程中，学习者可以按照自己的步调自学。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Are you interested in a career in nursing （您对护理职业感兴趣吗？）”以及下文介绍了护理培训课程的相关内容。可知,这是一篇介绍护理培训课程, 吸引对护理感兴趣的人报名参加课程的文章。由此推知，本文最可能摘自一则广告。故选A项。
B
“Medicine, law, business, engineering, these are noble pursuits, and necessary to sustain life. But poetry, beauty, romance, love, these are what we stay alive for.” — Robin Williams from Dead Poets Society. This is true to my first-year self, who was crazy about getting good grades, and failed to seek the happiness found in everything else that college has to offer.
Like some people, I grew up with a family that valued academics over all else, who gave you a little extra love when you were doing great in your classes, and took it away when you didn’t. As a result, my self-worth became tied to my academic success. There is a difference between trying to always better yourself for yourself, and simply putting too much on your plate until you burn out from attempting to live up to certain expectations. We should all try to do the former, but unfortunately our mindsets have been strange to follow the latter.
For the past week, I have been going around campus asking my friends what they wanted to get out of college. Why were they truly here As you can imagine, most of the answers I got can be summed up to one word一money. It is obviously a given that everyone who puts themselves through college sees it as a means to an end, that end being making a living in the future. And few went on to say they were truly passionate about what they were studying.
However we should all try to develop a long-sighted perspective on how we want to shape our lives. Do things with intention, because everything you do now will have a hand in shaping who you turn out to be, whether you like it or not. Take some classes on topics that you’re genuinely interested in learning about, not just passing. Join clubs or work on projects that resonate with you and push you beyond your boundaries. Build a community. Surround yourself with people who challenge and excite you. And most of all, embrace the fact that failure and loss are sometimes inevitable in life.
4. What is the function of paragraph one
A. To share an idea.
B. To introduce the topic.
C. To tell the readers a story.
D. To quote a famous saying.
5. What should people do according to paragraph two
A. Perfect yourself for yourself.
B. Live up to certain expectations.
C. Treasure academics over all else.
D. Tie self-value to academic success.
6. According to the author, what should people get out of college
A. Good grades and passion to learn.
B. The ability to make a lot of money.
C. The ability to make a living in the future.
D. A farseeing view on how to direct our lives.
7. Why does the author write the passage
A. To inspire readers to the true meaning of college life.
B. To tell readers a story about his college life.
C. To explain why good grades is not everything.
D. To complain about his family’s wrong attitude to him.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了大学生活的真正意义，除了学业之外，各种不同的体验也很重要，我们要为了自己而努力提升自我。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“‘Medicine, law, business, engineering, these are noble pursuits, and necessary to sustain life. But poetry, beauty, romance, love, these are what we stay alive for.’ — Robin Williams from Dead Poets Society. This is true to my first-year self, who was crazy about getting good grades, and failed to seek the happiness found in everything else that college has to offer.( 医学、法律、商业、工程学，这些都是高尚的追求，也是维持生命的必要条件。但诗歌、美丽、浪漫、爱情，这些都是我们活着的目的。”—来自罗宾·威廉姆斯的《死亡诗社》。第一年的我也是如此，我疯狂地想要取得好成绩，却没有在大学所能提供的其他一切事物中寻找到快乐。）可知，作者在第一段中引用罗宾·威廉姆斯的话是为了引入文章主题---在大学生活中，除了学业之外，各种不同的体验也很重要。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“There is a difference between trying to always better yourself for yourself, and simply putting too much on your plate until you burn out from attempting to live up to certain expectations. We should all try to do the former, but unfortunately our mindsets have been strange to follow the latter. (努力完善自己和简单地工作太多直到你因为试图达到某些期望而筋疲力尽之间是有区别的。我们都应该努力做到前者，但不幸的是，我们的心态一直奇怪地追随后者。）可推知，作者认为人们应该为了完善自己而努力提升。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“However, we should all try to develop a long-sighted perspective on how we want to shape our lives. Do things with intention, because everything you do now will have a hand in shaping who you turn out to be, whether you like it or not. Take some classes on topics that you’re genuinely interested in learning about, not just passing. Join clubs or work on projects that resonate with you and push you beyond your boundaries. Build a community. Surround yourself with people who challenge and excite you.”（然而，我们都应该试着从长远的角度看待我们想要如何塑造我们的生活。有目的地做事，因为你现在做的每件事都会影响你成为什么样的人。上一些你真正感兴趣的课程。加入俱乐部或参与项目，让你超越极限。建立一个社区。使你周围围绕挑战和激励你的人。）可推断，作者认为人们应该通过上大学形成如何塑造自己人生的远见。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容，特别是第五段内容“However, we should all try to develop a long-sighted perspective on how we want to shape our lives. Do things with intention, because everything you do now will have a hand in shaping who you turn out to be, whether you like it or not. Take some classes on topics that you’re genuinely interested in learning about, not just passing. Join clubs or work on projects that resonate with you and push you beyond your boundaries. Build a community. Surround yourself with people who challenge and excite you. And most of all, embrace the fact that failure and loss are sometimes inevitable in life.”（然而，我们都应该试着从长远的角度看待我们想要如何塑造我们的生活。有目的地做事，因为你现在做的每件事都会影响你成为什么样的人。上一些你真正感兴趣的课程。加入俱乐部或参与项目，让你超越极限。建立一个社区。使你周围围绕挑战和激励你的人。最重要的是，要接受这样一个事实：失败和失去在生活中有时是不可避免的。）可推断，作者通过文章讲述在大学中要去做各种不同的事情，丰富多彩的体验最重要，来启发人们思考大学生活真正的意义。故选A。
C
Artificial intelligence (AI) might be able to spot the next virus to jump from animals to humans, Scottish researchers report.
Identifying diseases before they become a threat to humans is challenging, because only a few of the nearly 2 million animal viruses can infect humans. By developing machine learning models, researchers can analyze genetic patterns of viruses that might infect people. “Our findings show that the zoonotic (动物传染人的) potential of viruses can be inferred to a surprisingly large extent from their genome sequence (基因组序列).” the researchers at the University of Glasgow reported. “By highlighting viruses with the greatest potential to become zoonotic, genome-based ranking allows further ecological and virological characterization to be targeted more effectively.”
The researchers said the models are only a first step in identifying animal viruses with the potential to infect humans, however. Viruses flagged by the models will need laboratory test confirmation before researchers pursue funding for further study. Although these models may predict if viruses might infect humans, that’s only one part of the broader risk. Zoonotic risk is also influenced by how destructive a virus is in humans, as well as its ability to transmit between people, and ecological conditions at the time of human exposure.
The findings were published online in the journal PLoS Biology. Co-author Simon Babayan said these findings add important information to that collected from genetic sequencing of viruses using AI techniques. “The more viruses are characterized, the more effective our machine learning models will become at identifying the rare viruses that ought to be closely monitored and prioritized for vaccine development.” Babayan added.
8. What is the significance of genome-based ranking
A. To identify viruses which have threatened humans.
B. To discover human viruses that can infect animals.
C. To highlight viruses with the slightest chances to become zoonotic.
D. To target ecological and virological characterization more effectively.
9. What can be inferred from the third paragraph
A. The fund for further study has been put in place.
B. There is still a long way to go for AI models to function ideally.
C. Viruses flagged by the models have been confirmed by researchers.
D. Viruses’ transmission ability is the most influential factor for zoonotic risk.
10. What is Simon Bybayan’s attitude towards the findings
A. Positive. B. Ambiguous. C. Indifferent. D. Doubtful.
11. What is the best title for this text
A. AI Models Spot Various Viruses in Nature.
B. AI Models Monitor Vaccine Development.
C. AI Models Predict Potential Zoonotic Viruses.
D. AI Models Cure Potential Zoonotic Diseases.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章一项研究表明：人工智能（AI）可能能够发现下一个从动物身上跳到人类身上的病毒，这对病毒进行基因测序收集到的信息增添了重要信息。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段中的““Our findings show that the zoonotic (动物传染人的) potential of viruses can be inferred to a surprisingly large extent from their genome sequence (基因组序列).” the researchers at the University of Glasgow reported. “By highlighting viruses with the greatest potential to become zoonotic, genome-based ranking allows further ecological and virological characterization to be targeted more effectively.”(“我们的发现表明，从病毒的基因组序列可以在很大程度上推断出病毒的人畜共患病潜力。”格拉斯哥大学的研究人员报道。“通过强调最有可能成为人畜共患病的病毒，基于基因组的排名可以更有效地针对进一步的生态和病毒学特征。”)”可知，基于基因组的排名更有效地针对生态和病毒学特征。故选D项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段中的“The researchers said the models are only a first step in identifying animal viruses with the potential to infect humans, however. Viruses flagged by the models will need laboratory test confirmation before researchers pursue funding for further study. (然而，研究人员表示，这些模型只是识别可能感染人类的动物病毒的第一步。在研究人员寻求进一步研究的资金之前，模型标记的病毒需要实验室测试确认)”可知，此项研究还只是第一步，需要进一步研究，说明人工智能模型要理想地发挥作用还有很长的路要走。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段中的“The findings were published online in the journal PLoS Biology. Co-author Simon Babayan said these findings add important information to that collected from genetic sequencing of viruses using AI techniques. (这一发现发表在《公共科学图书馆·生物学》杂志的网络版上。合著者Simon Babayan说，这些发现为利用人工智能技术对病毒进行基因测序收集到的信息增添了重要信息)”可知，Simon Babayan认为这些发现为利用人工智能技术对病毒进行基因测序收集到的信息增添了重要信息，可得出Simon Babayan对这些发现持积极的（Positive）态度。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。由第一段中的“Artificial intelligence (AI) might be able to spot the next virus to jump from animals to humans, Scottish researchers report. (苏格兰研究人员报告称，人工智能（AI）可能能够发现下一个从动物身上跳到人类身上的病毒)”和下文关于“人工智能预测潜在的人畜共患病病毒”的研究内容可知，C项“人工智能模型预测潜在的人畜共患病病毒”可概括文章大意，可做标题。故选C项。
D
What kind of people can become scientists When a group of researchers posed that question to ninth-and 10th-graders, almost every student gave such responses as “People who work hard” or “Anyone who seems interested in the field of science.”
Many of these same students struggled to imagine themselves as scientists, citing concerns such as “I’m not good at science” and “Even if I work hard, I will not do well.” It’s easy for them to see a scientist’s work as arising from an inborn talent.
But for high school students, learning more about some struggles of scientists can help students feel more motivated to learn science. Researchers at Teachers College, Columbia University and the University of Washington designed an intervention to change students’ beliefs that scientific achievement reflects ability rather than effort by exposing students to stories of how accomplished scientists struggled and overcame challenges in their scientific efforts.
During the study, the students read one of three types of stories about Albert Einstein, Marie Curie and Michael Faraday. Intellectual struggle stories: stories about how scientists “struggled intellectually,” such as making mistakes while tackling a scientific problem and learning from them. Life struggle stories: stories about how scientists struggled in their personal lives, such as not giving up in the face of poverty or lack of family support. Achievement stories: stories about how scientists made great discoveries, without any discussion of coexisting challenges.
Researchers found that students who heard either type of “struggle stories” improved their science performance post-intervention, relative to students in the control group. The effect was especially pronounced for lower performing students, for whom exposure to struggling stories led to significantly better science-class performance than low-performing students who read achievement stories. In addition, students who read struggle stories reported feeling more personally connected to the scientists. By identifying a scientist’s struggles and introducing the growth mindset he or she applied to accomplish great works, the students were able to empathize(共情)with the scientists during their own struggles.
12. Why do students fail to imagine themselves as scientists
A. They lack interest in science. B. They don’t possess inborn talent,
C. They are short of confidence. D. They have no ability to study science
13. What’s the purpose of the intervention
A. To introduce some inspirational stories to students.
B. To expose students to scientists’ great achievements.
C. To ensure students will become scientists in the future.
D. To clear students’ misunderstandings of scientific work.
14. The underlined word “pronounced” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ________.
A. delicate B. permanent C. doubtful D. apparent
15. What can we learn from the research
A. Science ability has nothing to do with efforts.
B. Students are more motivated by achievement stories.
C. Scientists’ struggle stories can influence readers’ beliefs.
D. Low-performing students tend to feel connected to scientists.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究人员向九年级和十年级的学生提出“什么样的人可以成为科学家”这个问题时，几乎每个学生的回答都是“努力学习的人”或“对科学领域感兴趣的人”。为了解除这种误解，研究人员设计了一项干预，即，了解更多关于科学家的奋斗可以帮助学生更有动力学习科学，结果发现，听过任何一种“奋斗故事”的学生在干预后的科学表现都有所提高。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“Many of these same students struggled to imagine themselves as scientists, citing concerns such as ‘I’m not good at science’ and ‘Even if I work hard, I will not do well.’ It’s easy for them to see a scientist’s work as arising from an inborn talent.(同样是这些学生中的许多人都很难将自己想象成科学家，理由是“我不擅长科学”和“即使我努力工作，也不会做得很好”。他们很容易将科学家的工作视为天生的才能。)”可知，这些学生认为能够成为科学家是天生的才能，“自己不擅长”或“即使努力也无法做好”这样的理由可以看作为他们在科学这一方面缺乏自信，从而很难将自己想象成科学家。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容“Researchers at Teachers College, Columbia University and the University of Washington designed an intervention to change students’ beliefs that scientific achievement reflects ability rather than effort by exposing students to stories of how accomplished scientists struggled and overcame challenges in their scientific efforts.(教师学院、哥伦比亚大学和华盛顿大学的研究人员设计了一种干预措施，让学生了解有成就的科学家在科学努力中如何努力和克服挑战的故事，从而改变学生们认为科学成就反映的是能力而不是努力的观念。)”可知，这项干预通过让学生们了解科学家们如何努力奋斗克服挑战的，以改变学生对于“科学家工作”的误解。故选D项。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。分析可知，非限制性定语从句“for whom exposure to struggling stories led to significantly better science-class performance than low-performing students who read achievement stories(对他们来说，接触奋斗故事比阅读成就故事的成绩差的学生在科学课上表现更好)”的先行词为“lower performing students(成绩差的学生)”，因此可知，在“干预”后，接触奋斗故事的成绩差的学生和阅读成就故事的成绩差的学生在科学课上都有了好的表现，且二者之间通过对比出现了“更好”，由此可推知，干预对于成绩差的学生效果显著，因此，“The effect was especially pronounced”应是“效果显著”的意思，由此可推知，“pronounced”应是“显著的；明星的”含义，与选项D“apparent(显而易见的)”含义相同。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章末尾内容“By identifying a scientist’s struggles and introducing the growth mindset he or she applied to accomplish great works, the students were able to empathize with the scientists during their own struggles.(通过了解一个科学家的奋斗史，并介绍他或她为完成伟大的工作而应用的成长心态，学生们能够在他们自己的奋斗过程中与科学家产生共鸣。)”可知，通过了解一个科学家的奋斗史，学生们使得自己在奋斗过程中能够产生与科学家的共鸣，从而能够改变之前的对于科学家工作的误解。由此可推知，科学家的奋斗故事可以影响读者的信念。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is it likely that your siblings (兄弟姐妹) fought like cats and dogs with you when you were younger ___16___ Here’s why.
Siblings can help you have a healthier lifestyle. This is supported by a study that surveyed more than 15, 000 people. ___17___ Brothers and sisters are readily available fitness and healthy-eating friends. That can only be a bonus when you reach adulthood.
___18___ According to a study among 395 families, scientists found that having siblings made you more likely to do good deeds. It could be that having a same-generation relative encourages you to think about others, which can lead to greater life satisfaction, and fewer depressive symptoms.
Brothers and sisters improve your chances of a happy marriage. Research found that the more siblings you have, the lower your chance of getting divorced (离婚) is. In fact, for each additional one, your risk of marriage breakdown was three per cent less. ___19___ .
Having good friends can bring many of the same benefits. ___20___ Don’t panic. Research also shows that having close friends can boost your health, well-being and longevity (寿命). Make friends by signing up to groups or classes and finding people who enjoy the same things as you do.
A. That bond is vital as you enter old age.
B. Siblings can protect you from depression.
C. Having siblings makes you do an act of charity.
D. But they can actually boost your physical and mental health.
E. We don’t all have siblings, or you might live far away from yours.
F. Having siblings helps deal with the tricky situations in close relationships better.
G. Most of them credited their siblings for having the biggest impact on their health.
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. C 19. F 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了拥有兄弟姐妹的诸多好处。
【16题详解】
D选项“但它们实际上可以促进你的身心健康。”与上文“Is it likely that your siblings (兄弟姐妹) fought like cats and dogs with you when you were younger (在你小的时候，你的兄弟姐妹会像猫狗一样跟你打架吗)”形成转折关系，承接下文“Siblings can help you have a healthier lifestyle. (兄弟姐妹可以帮助你拥有更健康的生活方式)”和“Brothers and sisters improve your chances of a happy marriage. (兄弟姐妹会增加你幸福婚姻的机会)”讲拥有兄弟姐妹的好处。故选D项。
【17题详解】
G选项“他们中的大多数人认为他们的兄弟姐妹对他们的健康影响最大。”承接上文“Siblings can help you have a healthier lifestyle. This is supported by a study that surveyed more than 15, 000 people. (兄弟姐妹可以帮助你拥有更健康的生活方式。这得到了一项调查15000多人的研究的支持)”和下文“Brothers and sisters are readily available fitness and healthy-eating friends. (兄弟姐妹是随时准备健身和健康饮食的朋友)”讲拥有兄弟姐妹有助于个人身体健康的改善。故选G项。
【18题详解】
C选项“有兄弟姐妹会让你做出慈善行为。”引出拥有兄弟姐妹的另一个好处——促使你去行善，引出下文“According to a study among 395 families, scientists found that having siblings made you more likely to do good deeds. (根据对395个家庭的研究，科学家发现有兄弟姐妹会让你更有可能做好事)”讲用科学研究表明兄弟姐妹促使你行善的益处。故选C项。
【19题详解】
该空起总结本段的作用。由上文“Brothers and sisters improve your chances of a happy marriage. Research found that the more siblings you have, the lower your chance of getting divorced (离婚) is. In fact, for each additional one, your risk of marriage breakdown was three per cent less. (兄弟姐妹会增加你幸福婚姻的机会。研究发现，兄弟姐妹越多，离婚的几率越低。事实上，每增加一个兄弟姐妹，你的婚姻破裂风险就会降低3%)”可知，上文讲拥有兄弟姐妹能使你在亲密关系中更幸福，遇到的棘手情况（例如离婚）会更少，承接上文，F选项“有兄弟姐妹有助于更好地处理亲密关系中的棘手情况。”切题。故选F项。
【20题详解】
E选项“我们并不是都有兄弟姐妹，或者你可能住得离你兄弟姐妹很远。”与上文“Having good friends can bring many of the same benefits. (有好朋友可以带来许多相同的好处)”形成转折关系，表明没有兄弟姐妹也没关系，拥有朋友也会产生一些相同的好处。故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
We live in a world increasingly dominated by science. Since elementary school, I have always ___21___ subjects like science and math. To me, these subjects, full of discoveries and ___22___, seem to play more significant role in human progress than humanities. And I always ___23___ thought of these subjects as more solid and serious than classes like English. If there was no right ___24___, I thought, why bother But recently I had an ___25___ that taught me my academic interests are more flexible than I had thought: I took my first philosophy class.
Before I entered the classroom, I was ___26___. I waited outside with the other students and wondered what exactly philosophy would involve. I imagined getting into pretty long and boring conversations ___27___ intended to reflect on the meaning of life. But what I got was something quite ___28___.
A young man in jeans, Mr. Jones— “but you can call me Rob”—was far from the white-haired, buttoned-up old man I had ___29___. Rather than pulling us into dull arguments about difficult-to-understand philosophical points, Rob ____30____ us on our level. To talk free will, we looked at our own ____31____. To talk morals, we looked at dilemmas we had faced ourselves. By the end of class, I’d discovered that questions with no right answer can turn out to be the most ____32____ ones.
It ____33____ me that if I let go of my ____34____, I can actually get a lot out of the subjects I once thought little of. The class taught me-in more ways than one-to look at things with a(n) ____35____ mind.
21. A. chosen B. evaluated C. favored D. avoided
22. A. formulas B. puzzles C. challenges D. innovations
23. A. automatically B. consciously C. accurately D. impatiently
24. A. reason B. answer C. method D. direction
25. A. surprise B. experience C. incident D. adventure
26. A. hopeful B. confident C. doubtful D. nervous
27. A. supposedly B. mistakenly C. naturally D. previously
28. A. unique B. common C. different D. strange
29. A. mentioned B. encountered C. expected D. missed
30. A. engaged B. tested C. persuaded D. invited
31. A. choices B. abilities C. obstacles D. doubts
32. A. objective B. effective C. encouraging D. appealing
33. A. confused B. struck C. warned D. convinced
34. A. pride B. concern C. assessment D. prejudice
35. A. open B. strong C. sharp D. ready
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. C 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者通过自己的亲身经历意识到，科学和数学这样的学科比人文学科更加灵活，并不是固定不变的。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从小学开始，我就喜欢像科学和数学这样的学科。A. chosen选择；B. evaluated评估；C. favored喜欢；D. avoided避免。根据下文“To me, these subjects, full of discoveries and ___2___ , seem to play more significant role in human progress than humanities.”可知，作者喜欢像科学和数学这样的学科。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我看来，这些充满了发现和创新的科目似乎比人文学科在人类进步中发挥着更重要的作用。A. formulas公式；B. puzzles困惑；C. challenges挑战；D. innovations创新。根据上文“these subjects, full of discoveries”可知，在作者看来，科学和数学这样的学科是充满了发现和探索的，所以是有创新的。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：而且我总是自然而然地认为这些科目比像英语这样课程更扎实、更严肃。A. automatically不知不觉地；自然而然地；B. consciously有意识地；自觉地；C. accurately准确地；D. impatiently毫无耐心地。根据上文“To me, these subjects, full of discoveries and ______2____seem to play more significant role in human progress than humanities.”和下文“thought of these subjects as more solid and serious than classes like English.”可知，作者一直认为充满了发现和创新的科目似乎比人文学科在人类进步中发挥着更重要的作用，这是作者的固有印象，所以自然而然会认为这些科目比像英语这样的课程更扎实、更严肃。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想，如果没有正确答案，为什么还要麻烦去学习呢？A. reason原因；B. answer答案；C. method方法；D. direction方向。根据下文“By the end of class, I’d discovered that questions with no right answer can turn out to be the most ___12___ ones.”可知，作者本来以为英语学科很多都是没有正确答案的。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是最近我的一次经历教过我，我的学术兴趣比我想象的更加灵活：我上了我的第一堂哲学课。A. surprise吃惊；B. experience经历；C. incident意外；D. adventure冒险。根据下文“Before I entered the classroom, I was ___6___ . I waited outside with the other students and wondered what exactly philosophy would involve. I imagined getting into pretty long and boring conversations ___7___ intended to reflect on the meaning of life. But what I got was something quite ___8___ .”可知，接下来要讲述的是作者的经历。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我进入教室之前，我是存有疑虑的。A. hopeful满怀希望的；B. confident自信的；C. doubtful有疑虑的；D. nervous紧张的。根据下文“I waited outside with the other students and wondered what exactly philosophy would involve. I imagined getting into pretty long and boring conversations ___7___ intended to reflect on the meaning of life.”可知，作者本来以为哲学课是很枯燥的，所以应该是对这门课没有抱有很好的期待，而是充满了疑虑。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我想象着进行一些冗长而无聊的谈话，自然而然地就以此来反思生命的意义。A. supposedly据推测；B. mistakenly错误地；C. naturally自然而然地；D. previously以前地。根据上文“But recently I had an ___5___ that taught me my academic interests are more flexible than I had thought: I took my first philosophy class.”可知，作者本来以为哲学课是不灵活的，所以讨论的问题自然而然就会有对应的结果。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，我得到的东西确实是有些不同的。A. unique独特的；B. common常见的；C. different不同的；D. strange奇怪的。根据下文“A young man in jeans, Mr. Jones— “but you can call me Rob”—was far from the white-haired, buttoned-up old man I had ___9___ . Rather than pulling us into dull arguments about difficult-to-understand philosophical points, Rob ___10___ us on our level. To talk free will, we looked at our own ___11___ . To talk morals, we looked at dilemmas we had faced ourselves. By the end of class, I’d discovered that questions with no right answer can turn out to be the most ___12___ ones.”可知，在哲学课上，作者体会到的和想象的不一样，作者之前认为哲学很枯燥，但实际上很有趣。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个穿着牛仔裤的年轻人，琼斯先生——“但是你可以叫我罗布”——与我想象中的那个白头发、系着纽扣的老人大相径庭。A. mentioned提到；B. encountered遇见；C. expected期待；料想；认为；D. missed错过，思念。根据上段内容“I waited outside with the other students and wondered what exactly philosophy would involve. I imagined getting into pretty long and boring conversations____7____intended to reflect on the meaning of life. ”和上文“was far from the white-haired, buttoned-up old man”可知，作者在未上哲学课之前，认为哲学很无聊，认为老师可能是个白头发、系着纽扣的老人，但是当作者见到老师是一个穿着牛仔裤的年轻人时感到很惊讶，这是与自己料想的不一样。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：罗伯没有把我们拉进关于难以理解的哲学观点的无聊争论中，而是站在我们的角度上吸引我们的兴趣。A. engaged使参与；吸引；B. tested测试；C. persuaded说服；D. invited邀请。根据上文“Rather than pulling us into dull arguments about difficult-to-understand philosophical points”可知，罗伯没有把作者他们拉进关于难以理解的哲学观点的无聊争论中，而是站在我们的角度上吸引我们的兴趣。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：谈到自由意志，我们看到了我们自己的障碍。A. choices选择；B. abilities能力；C. obstacles障碍；阻碍；D. doubts怀疑。根据下文“To talk morals, we looked at dilemmas we had faced ourselves.”可知，通过那些谈话，作者他们意识到了自己的意志并不是无限自由的，而是有一些阻碍。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到课程结束时，我发现没有正确答案的问题可能是最吸引人的。A. objective客观的；B. effective有效的；C. encouraging令人鼓舞的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据上文“If there was no right ___4___ , I thought, why bother ”和“I imagined getting into pretty long and boring conversations”可知，作者以前认为，没有答案的是没有意义的，是枯燥无味的；而现在却发现，没有正确答案的问题才可能是最吸引人的。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然意识到，如果我放弃我的偏见，我可以从我曾经不在意的科目中得到很多。A. confused使困惑；B. struck发现；突然想到；猛地意识到；C. warned警告；D. convinced使相信。根据下文“that if I let go of my ___14___ , I can actually get a lot out of the subjects I once thought little of.”可知，这是作者上课之后意识到的内容。故选B。
34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第13题详解。A. pride骄傲；B. concern担心；C. assessment评估；D. prejudice偏见。根据上文“Since elementary school, I have always ___1___ subjects like science and math. To me, these subjects, full of discoveries and ___2___ , seem to play more significant role in human progress than humanities. And I always ___3___ thought of these subjects as more solid and serious than classes like English. If there was no right ___4___ , I thought, why bother ”可知，作者以前对这些学科是有偏见的。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这节课教会了我——用不止一种方法——用开放的心态去看待事物。A. open开放的；B. strong强壮的；C. sharp尖锐的；D. ready准备好的。根据上文“It ___13___ me that if I let go of my ___14___ , I can actually get a lot out of the subjects I once thought little of.”可知，作者意识到，对那些人文学科不能带有偏见，要思想开放。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many excellent warship crews have been trained on the Liaoning, which is a Chinese Type 001 aircraft carrier. As the only female deck operation officer on it, Remila Dabul of Kazak ethnic group(哈萨克族), ___36___story was reported by the media in January, ___37___(attract) much public attention.
Before working on the deck, Remila was a radar and telephone ___38___(operate). But when she first saw a J-15 fighter taking off, the idea of working alongside it crossed her mind. ___39___eager was she to be a crew member that she overcame many difficulties and ultimately became ___40___(qualify). During her work, Remila wears a blue helmet, goggles, and blue suits. After a J-15 lands, what she needs to do is carry the heavy wire after ___41___(get) signals and run to the fighter to take a series of actions for a quick installation. “The higher risk our work is, the ___42___(firm) belief we should have,” said Remila. She has put her belief ___43___ practice in her daily security and guarantee work.
This year, Remila spent her ___44___(five) Spring Festival aboard the carrier. Remila said, “I miss my parents in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. I love my career and ____45____(be) willing to shoulder the responsibility to safeguard the happiness and the peaceful life of millions of families in the motherland.”
【答案】36. whose
37. has attracted
38. operator
39. So 40. qualified
41. getting
42. firmer 43. into
44. fifth 45. am
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了辽宁舰上唯一一个女甲板操作员——热米拉·达布力。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：作为舰上唯一的女甲板操作员，哈萨克族的热米拉·达布力引起了公众的广泛关注，她的故事在1月份被媒体报道。分析句子结构，空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，指代先行词Remila Dabul，指人，且和空后的story之间是所属关系，所以应用whose引导。故填whose。
【37题详解】
考查主谓一致和时态。句意参考上题。空处作主句的谓语。根据句意，这里表示过去的事情对现在产生的影响，应用现在完成时。且主语Remila Dabul为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用单数。故填has attracted。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：在甲板上工作之前，热米拉曾是一名雷达操作员和话务员。根据空前的a和句意，这里表示人物的身份，应用名词operator“操作人员，接线员”。故填operator。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：她非常渴望成为一名舰员，以至于她克服了许多困难，最终获得了资格。so...that....意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，当so和其修饰的内容位于句首时，主句应部分倒装，即将助动词、情态动词或be动词提到主语之前。根据空后的“eager was she”和“that”可知，这里应用So。故填So。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意参考上题。空处应用形容词作表语。qualified意为“符合资格的”。故填qualified。
【41题详解】
考查动名词。句意：歼-15着陆后，她需要做的是在收到信号后携带重金属线，跑向战斗机，采取一系列行动进行快速安装。after在这里是介词，其后应跟动词的动名词形式。故填getting。
【42题详解】
考查比较级。句意：热米拉说：“我们的工作风险越高，我们就应该有更坚定的信念。”分析句子结构，这里是“the+比较级..., the+比较级...”结构，表示“越……就越……”。firm的比较级是firmer。故填firmer。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：她把自己的信念落实到日常的安全保障工作中。put...into practice意为“将……付诸实践”，为固定搭配。故填into。
【44题详解】
考查序数词。句意：今年，热米拉在航母上度过了她的第五个春节。根据句中的“This year”可知，这里强调今年是她在航母上度过的第五个春节，应用序数词。five的序数词是fifth“第五”。故填fifth。
【45题详解】
考查主谓一致和时态。句意：我热爱我的事业，愿意承担起保卫祖国千百万家庭的幸福和安宁生活的责任。and连接并列句，根据前一分句中的love和句意可知，这里是热米拉表达的态度，应用一般现在时。主语为I，be动词应用am。故填am。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是新华中学李华，你的外籍朋友Michael来信表示对中国文化很感兴趣，正巧这学期你校要开设“话说中国节(Festive China)”的线上课程，请你回信向他推荐此课程。内容包括：
1.开设时间；2.课程内容；3.报名方式。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Michael,
An online course entitled “Festive China” will be set up by our school. Knowing you are an enthusiast of Chinese culture, I’m writing to recommend it to you.
The course is arranged on every Friday evening from September 1, consisting of 12 two-hour sessions, each of which introduces different Chinese festivals. You may learn origins, backgrounds and customs of them. If you desire to participate in it, you can visit our school website and enroll yourself before next Friday.
I’m sure the course appeals to you. Don’t miss the chance!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给对中国文化很感兴趣的外籍朋友Michael回信，向其推荐学校要开设的“话说中国节(Festive China)”这一线上课程，介绍课程内容、开设时间及报名方式。
【详解】1.词汇积累
定名为：entitle→name
设立，安排：set up→arrange
参与：participate in→join in
登记，报名参加：enroll→ sign up
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：An online course entitled “Festive China” will be set up by our school.
拓展句：An online course, which is entitled “Festive China” will be set up by our school.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Knowing you are an enthusiast of Chinese culture, I’m writing to recommend it to you.（运用了现在分词作原因状语）
[高分句型2]
The course is arranged on every Friday evening from September 1, consisting of 12 two-hour sessions, each of which introduces different Chinese festivals. （运用了“代词+of+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Blue Ribbon
Niesha could not forget the way she had frozen in front of the class today. Mr. Roberts had divided the class into groups to do presentations. Today had been Niesha’s turn. However, her hands had shaken so badly that she couldn’t read her notes. Her voice had become softer to the point of silence. Mr. Roberts had kindly ended Niesha’s part of the presentation, even though she had clearly not finished.He had also asked Niesha to stay after class for a moment.
“Niesha, I know you’re shy, but you worked hard on this project. I’d hate to see you give up on yourself.” Then Mr. Roberts hesitated, before saying, “If I give you another chance until tomorrow, do you think you can find your courage ” Niesha nodded, grateful for the chance. She went as quickly as she could to her next class. She kept her head down and hoped the school day would end soon.
When she reached her back steps that afternoon, she could see an inviting light coming from the kitchen windows. Momma was baking. Momma studied Niesha’s face as she came into the kitchen. “What’s wrong, Niesha ”
Tears shone in Niesha’s brown eyes. She told her the whole story. Momma was silent for a moment, her hands still busy with the cake. “Why is it that you can talk to me about anything and everything, but you can’t talk to your class ” Momma asked. She set the timer(计时器)and then said, “Let me show you something.”
Niesha followed Momma to her bedroom. There Momma showed her a book filled with newspaper clippings and pictures. In it there was a blue ribbon(丝带)that said “First Place” and a picture of herself when she was very young, standing with her parents.
“I won it for public speaking. When I started on the speech team I was quiet as a mouse, but I ended the year as the winner. It wasn’t easy at first—I wasn’t sure of myself at all. I worked hard, and mostly I faced my fears. You just need to find your courage.”
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按以下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hearing Momma’s words, Niesha gazed at the precious blue ribbon.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next day Niesha again walked to the front of the classroom to give her presentation.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
Hearing Momma’s words, Niesha gazed at the precious blue ribbon. She imagined the scene where her momma tried her best to overcome her fears and pluck up her courage to deliver a fantastic speech to the audience. Perceiving Neisha’s anxiety, Momma reassured her and reached out her hand to tie the blue ribbon onto Niesha’s wrist with a disarming smile. Restored and determined, she gritted her teeth to find her courage. In front of the mirror parked Neisha cont