(共58张PPT)
Unit 5
THE VALUE OF MONEY
Period 3
Discovering Useful Structures
新人教版（2019）
Read the following sentences and think about it. Discuss with your partner,answer the following question.
2.Henry:Well, I can't say that I have any plans.
1.Roderick:May we ask what you're doing in this country and what your plans are
3.Oliver:Well, You mustn't worry about that.
Lead in
4.Henry:Could you offer me work here
5.Roderick:If you don't mind, may I ask you how much money you have
6.Henry:I have none. I ought to be on my way.
What are the functions and meanings of these modal verbs
What is a Modal verb Do you know the usage and basic usage of Modal verb
Lead in
用法是：情态动词+行为动词原形
例句:I can read this sentence in English. 我用英语读这句话。
例句:We can be there on time tomorrow.我们明天能按时去那儿。
例句:May I have your name 我能知道你的名字吗？
例句:Shall we begin now 我们现在就开始吗？
例句:You must obey the school rules.你必须遵守校规。
Modal verb has a certain meaning, which indicates the speaker's mood, attitude or mood, but it can not be used as a predicate (谓语) alone, and can only be used as a predicate with other verb primitives.
Do you know what kinds of Modal verb are
There are four types of Modal verb:
① Only Modal verb are: must, can (could), may (might), ought to
② Those that can be both Modal verb and substantive verbs(实义动词)are: need, dare
③ Modal verb and Auxiliary verb(助动词)are: shall (should), will (would)
④ The characteristics of Modal verb are: have (had) to, used to
Lead in
Discussion
Modal verbs have many functions, can you name them
necessity
possibility
obligation
request
advice
intention
The function of Modal verb
Key words
nowhere
[ n we (r)]
adv.无处;不在某处
extent
[ k stent]
n.程度;范围
[习语]
to… extent
opera
[ pr ]
n.歌剧;歌剧剧本
dinosaur
[ da n s (r)]
n.恐龙
Key words
hug
[h ɡ]
v.拥抱;搂抱
[同义词]embrace
pursue
[p sju ]
v.追逐;追赶
duty
[ dju ti]
n.责任;义务
1.They had _________ (无处) to stay so I couldn't turn them away.
2.To some ______(程度)what she argues is true.
3.She's one of the leading lights in the______ (歌剧) world.
4.The _________ (恐龙) became extinct before the appearance of man.
5.She threw her arms round his neck and ________ (拥抱) him warmly.
6.He continued to_______ (追求) his goal of becoming an actor.
7.I don't want you to visit me simply out of a sense of ______(责任).
根据中文含义填空
Practice
nowhere
extent
opera
dinosaur
hugged
pursue
duty
A necessity B possibility C obligation D request E advice F intention
A necessity You have to read between the lines because the real messages are often hidden...
B possibility It may seem lucky to you.
C obligation Astronauts must wear spacesuits when they work i n space because...
D request May we ask what you’re doing in this country
E advice You’d better not open it.
F intention What would you do if you were in her situation
1 Modal verbs have many functions，including the following［A-F］. Find modal verbs
in previous sections and discuss their functions.
Express modality and talk about future events in the past
Grammar
1.Roderick: Young man, would you step inside a moment, please (表_________)
2.Rodercik: If you don’t mind, may I ask you how much money you have (表_________)
3.Henry: It may seem lucky to you. Now if you’ll excuse me, I ought to be on my way.
(表_________) (表_________)
4.Roderick: You mustn’t think we don’t care about you. (表_________)
5.May you have good journey! (表_____)
Grammar
Underline the modal verbs in the following sentences and understand its
definition and functions.
委婉请求
委婉请求
推测
委婉请求
推测
祝愿
Modal verbs are mainly used to __________________________________________________
_______________________, mainly including:_______________________________________
________________________.
necessity, possibility,obligation, request, advice,
intention, etc
express the speaker's tone, emotion, or attitude towards a certain action and state
2. 表__________________________
一、can的用法
1. 表__________________________
3. 表____________________________,用于_________________。 can't 后用一般式表示______________________________________________。
情态动词没有__________的变化,不能独立使用,不能单独作____，除ought to和used to以外，后面只能接________________。情态动词的具体用法如下：
人称和数
谓语
不带to的不定式
Do you know the basic usage of modal verb
Grammar
能力,可能性请求或许可
说话者主观推测的“可能性”
推测,意为“可能”、“或许”
疑问句或否定句中
对现在情况的推测,用完成式表示对过去情况的推测
如:A computer can not think for itself, it must be told what to do.
如: — Will you stay for lunch
— Sorry, I can't. My brother is coming to see me.
例如： Susan can't have written a report like this.
Grammar
二、could 的用法
1. ______________
例如：I could speak a little Japanese when I was at college but now I have forgotten all
of them except a few words.
2. _____________
例如：Could I borrow your dictionary
3. “could +have +过去分词”表示__________________________________________
例如：—I stayed at a hotel while in New York.—Oh, did you You could have stayed with Barbara.
4.“ couldn't +have + 过去分词”表示_______________________________________
例如： He could not have seen the film because he knew nothing about it.
can 的过去式
客气的请求
对过去能做而未做的事感到惋惜、遗憾。
对过去情况的推测,意思是“不可能”。
语法填空
①_____I have a look at your new design？
②_______ you pick me up at the airport at five next Monday？
Can
Could
Grammar
【注意】
can/could的用法区别
1.表示能力: can表示现在的能力，could表示过去的能力。
2.表示推测: can一般用于否定句及疑问句中。
3. 表示有礼貌地请求或建议请求和允许,口语中常用could代替can，使语气更委婉。用can和 may来回答，不能用could或might。—Could I use your dictionary —Yes, you can.(否定回答可用：No, I’m afraid not.)在疑问句中还可用could, might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中—Could I come to see you tomorrow ---- Yes, you can. ( No, I’m afraid not. )
4. 在肯定句中，表示客观可能性。并不涉及具体某事会发生，常用来说明人或事物的特征。要表达具体某事实际发生的可能性时，不用can，需用could，may，might。
例句:I may stay at home this weekend.（实际可能性）
3. “may + have + 过去分词”表示_________________。
2. 表示________________________________
Grammar
三、may的用法：
1. 表示_______
许可
可能（可能性较 must 和 can 小）
对过去的推测
例如：1．May I come in and wait
例如：Peter may come with us tonight , but he isn't very sure yet.
例如:You may have read some account of the matter. Otherwise how can you know about it
4. 表示________________________________________________
希望、祈求、祝愿，常可以译为“祝愿”。
例句:May you have a good time.祝你玩得愉快!
例句:May you be happy.祝你幸福!
四、might 的用法：
1.____________________________
例如：He told me that he might go to Shanghai in a few days.
2. 表示_______________________
例如：Might I use your pen for a short while
3. 表示_______________________
Grammar
may 的过去式
例如：Yesterday, Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, might have said something she would regret later.
可能,比may 的可能性小
许可,比may 客气
1.must表示______________________________
Grammar
“必须”、“一定要”。
可用于_______________________;肯定形式表示____________，否定形式表示______________
__________________
肯定句、否定句或疑问句
“必须,一定”
“一定不要”、
“不准”。
例句1:You must come to school on time.
例句2:Everybody must obey the law.
2.对于must 开头是疑问句，在回答带有must的问句时，否定回答常用_________或____________，表示“不必”，而不用_________.
mustn't
needn't
don’t have to
例句1:—Must I come back before ten —Yes，you must.(No, you needn’t)
例句2:Must we hand in our exercise books today — Yes, you must. (No, you don’t have to.)
3.表示______________________________________”，只用于肯定句中。它的否定或疑问式用can代替must。
有把握的推测，意为“一定、准是、想必
五、Must的用法:
Grammar
4.must 与 have to 的区别
①强调重点不同：两者都表示_________________，但 must 侧重于______________________; have to则侧重于______________________________________________________________。
②时态形式不同:must 只有现在时一种形式(在宾语从句中可以表示过去),而have to则有多
种时态形式：
例句:I had to work hard when I was your age.
例句:I will have to learn how to use a computer.
“必须，不得不”
说话人的主观看法
强调客观需要,有被动接受的意思。无疑问句形式，疑问句用must 代替
例句:My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.
我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事)
2.用于第二、三人称,表示________________________________________________________意思。
说话人的意愿,有“命令”、“警告”、“威胁”、“强制”
六、shall的用法
1.用于第一、三人称的疑问句,用来___________________________。
七、should 的用法
1.表__________________
Grammar
征询对方意见或请求指示
例句:Shall the boy wait outside 让那男孩在外面等吗？
例句:Shall I open the window
劝告或建议
2.表示______________
用在肯定句中,对现在的情况或可能发生的事的主观推测或期待。意为“______________。”
例句:It should be a nice day tomorrow.
推测
想必,大概,或许
例如:—When can I come for the photos I need them tomorrow afternoon.
— They should be ready by 12:00.
3.have to可以有_____________________等形式，而_______则没有这些形式：
Grammar
分词、动名词、不定式
must
例句:I had to work hard when I was your age.
4.否定式的意义不同：must 的否定式 mustn't 意为_________________________;而 have to 的否定式 don't have to 意为___________________。
“一定不要”、“不允许”
“不必”(=needn't)”
比较：
例句:You mustn’t go there.
例句:You don’t have to go there.
情态动词对比填空
Listen! It _____ (must,have to) be raining outside.
must
(4)表示_____________的意思，用在________中。
七、should的用法
(1)表示_______________________________， 意为__________________。
Grammar
情态动词对比填空
It's nearly seven o' clock. Jack ________(can,should) be here at any moment.
should
责任、义务、劝告、建议、命令等
“应当,应该”
例句:The old should be taken good care of.老人应该受到良好的照顾。
(2)表示________________________________________________________。
说话人的惊奇、愤怒、失望等情绪，意为“竟然”
(3)表示_______________________________。表示说话者具有一定根据的推测。
可能性,意为“应该会，可能会”
假设“万一”
条件句
例句:If I should be free tomorrow,I would come.万一明天有空我就会来。
例句:Why should anyone want to marry Tony
例句:It should be a nice day tomorrow.
(5)表示______________________________________________。
说话人的一种谦逊、客气、委婉的语气
例句:I should advise you not to do that. 我倒是劝你别这样做。
八、will的用法
1.表示____________________________________。
Grammar
情态动词对比填空
I am willing to apologise to you this means that I____(shall,will) make an apology to you.
will
意愿，愿望或愿意等
例句:If you will read the book, I’ll lend it to you. 如果你愿意读这本书，我会把它借给你。
2.will用于___________________________________________________。
第二人称的疑问句中,表示委婉的请求或征求意见
例句:Will you please take a message for him 你能帮他捎个口信吗？
3.表示___________________________________。
表示习惯或倾向，意为“总是，惯于”
例句:He used to ∕would smoke while writing. 过去他写东西时常抽烟。
4.will表示__________________________________________________。
叙述真理的必然性，意为“注定会，一定会”
例句:Oil will float on water.油能浮在水面上。
5.表示___________________________________________________________________________。
推测，意为“很可能，大概”。will表示推测比should把握大，比must把握小。
例句:It would be about ten o’clock when she left home.她离开家时大约十点钟了。
2.ought to表示____________, ____________________________________ 。要反映客观情况或涉及法律义务和规定，一般用____________________________________________。
九、ought to的用法
1.ought to表示______ 。
Grammar
客观的看法
ought to,表示义务或责任，比should语气重
“按道理应该……”之意,属于客观推测
例句1:You should help them with their work.
你应该帮助他们的工作。
例句2:You are his father. You ought to get him to receive good education.
你是他的父亲。你应该让他接受良好的教育。
例句3:He ought to/should be home by now.
他现在应该回家了。
应该
例句:You ought to bring the child here.你应该把孩子带到这儿来。
Grammar
情态动词对比填空
He missed the bus and ______ (must, have to) walk home.
had to
例句:There has to be an end to the violence. 必须得结束暴力。
十、have to的用法
(1)have to表示_________________。与其他情态动词一样也是后接动词原形，表示外界的强制作用，强调被迫性。含有不情愿的色彩。
“必须，不得不”
(2)have to有____种时态，而must_______种时态。
例句:I had to do my homework last night.昨晚我不得不做作业。
多
只有一
(3)have to的否定形式，要借助________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
助动词do/does/did/will来完成，即don' t/doesn't /didn't/will not /have to,意为“不必，没有必要”。
例句:He doesn't have to do the homework now.他没有必要现在做作业。
例句:Do I have to go there now 我现在就得去那儿吗
(4)have to还可以表示___________________________。用于_______________________________。
推测，意思是“一定，肯定”
肯定意义的推测，与must用法相似
例句:As for your problem here has to be a solution.至于你的问题，一定会有解决的办法。
Practice
Please fill in the blanks with correct modal verb in the following sentences.
你必须遵守校规。
You ______ obey the school rules.
must
我在家里时, 想什么时候看电影就可以什么时
候看。
When I lived at home, I _______ watch TV
whenever I wanted to.
could
Practice
Please fill in the blanks with correct modal verb in the following sentences.
Practice
Please fill in the blanks with correct modal verb in the following sentences.
毕业生不得不在竞争激烈的市场上奋力争取
找到工作。
Graduates ________ fight for jobs in a highly
competitive market.
have to
我们齐心协力应该能把这事办妥。
We ________ be able to manage it between us.
ought to
Practice
Please fill in the blanks with correct modal verb in the following sentences.
他们被迫违背自己的意愿，交出了钱。
Against their ____, they were forced to hand over the money.
will
Practice
Please fill in the blanks with correct modal verb in the following sentences.
他现在不可能在家。我刚在街上看到他。
He _______ at home now. I just saw him on the street.
can't be
Practice
Please fill in the blanks with correct modal verb in the following sentences.
你能不能把所有信件转寄到纽约给我们？__________ forward any mail to us in New York
Could you
Practice
Please fill in the blanks with correct modal verb in the following sentences.
may must can ought to might had better would should
In the film The Million Pound Bank Note,Henry Adams is stuck in a foreign country without money and friends, and with nowhere to stay. While this situation_____ seem unusual, it can sometimes happen to travellers. In case it happens to you on a trip abroad, what ______ you do First, and most importantly, you ______stay calm. Fear_____cause you to become confused. You need to think clearly. Second, you should go to your nearest consulate. They________be able to help to some extent. Third, you_______do well to check with some local charities. They _______ offer help to travellers in need. Fourth, you __________ getting into trouble. You _______ think that stealing some money or food would help you, but you should not do so. Getting caught _______ ruin your life.
2 Read the passage and fill in the blanks with suitable modal verbs in the box.
may
should
must
can
ought to
would
might
had better
might
would
Practice
1 Philip bought two tickets for The Phantom of the Opera. He ___________________________ (watch)this musical with his girlfriend on the weekend.
2 I was so surprised at the news that David__________________________(play) the role of the dinosaur in the play that I gave him a hug out of joy.
3 Lily decided that she_____________________________(settle) in New York and pursue her dream of becoming an actress.
3 Both“would do”and“was/were going to do”can be used to talk about future events or intentions in the plete the following sentences that describe the future using either form of the given verbs.
would watch/was going to watch
would play/was going to play
would settle/was going to settle
Practice
4 Hey, Timmy. I________________(call) you. But now that you are here, I don’t have to.
5 The competition was so close that no one was sure who __________(win) the Best Actor award.
6 Jim is not here right now. He said he________________________(be) on duty at the library this afternoon.
was going to call
would win
would be/was going to be
would 表示意愿，指愿意做
be going to 表示按计划打算做
Practice
EXAMPLE
A: I think it's kind of Roderick and Oliver to give Henry the money.
B: I'm afraid I disagree. They shouldn't be making a bet on him.
A: But Henry might get into trouble it they didn't offer him the money.
B: Well, if they really wanted to help Henry, they could offer him a job.
A: Maybe you're right. But I guess that would be a different story ...
4 Work in pairs. Discuss the scene from The Million Pound Bank Note on page 52 and
share your understanding of the story. Use modal verbs when necessary.The example
below may help you.
Discussion
Sample Conversation
A: Do you think the two brothers are being kind to Henry
B: No, I think they ought to tell Henry about the bet.
A: I agree. It would be the kind thing to do. Henry could
end up in jail because of this.
B: Yes. Henry had better return the one million-pound note
to them. It might be dangerous for him to keep it.
A: But if he doesn't keep it, what should he do
B: I don't know. Maybe he should try to get a job
Discussion
Work out the meaning of the modal verbs from the context.Then translate the sentences into Chinese.
1 I had better and ought to
①It's hard to tell what will happen to someone with a million-pound bank note.
——————————————————————————————
②We'd better make a bet.
____________________________________________________________
③We ought to find the perfect person for our bet.
____________________________________________________________
Both “had better” and “ought to” are used for advice.
Practice
很难说一个拥有一百万英镑钞票的人会发生什么。
我们最好打个赌。
我们应该为我们的赌注找到合适的人选。
2 must and can't
①Get him his change You must be joking.That can't be true.It is 1,000,000!
___________________________________________________________________________
②If you lose the bet,you must pay 20,000 and you can't eat your words!
___________________________________________________________________________
The first“must”and the first“can't”are used to express possibility. The second “must”
is used for obligation and the second“can't ”is used for permission.
如果你输了，你必须支付20000英镑，而且你不能食言！
Practice
找他零钱吗？你一定是在开玩笑。那不可能是真的。那是100万英镑！
3 will and would
①A:The gentlemen have left for the Continent,and they said they would not be back until a month later.
__________________________________________________________________________
②B:Will you tell them I've been here,and that I will keep coming till they tell me what this is all about
__________________________________________________________________________
“Would”is used as a past future modal. The first“will”is used for polite request, and the second“will”is used as a simple future modal.
你能告诉他们我来过这里吗？我会一直来，直到他们告诉我这是怎么回事？
先生们已经启程前往欧洲大陆，他们说要一个月后才能回来。
Practice
4 may and might
①May tell you s story What do you think may happen to a millionaire in rags
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
②Henry played a passive role in the bet. What might have happened if he had known from
the beginning what it was all about
______________________________________________________________________________
The first“may” is used for polite request，and the second “may” is used for possibility. “Might” is also used for possibility, but the action is less likely to happen.
亨利在赌注中扮演了被动的角色。如果他从一开始就知道这一切，会发生什么？
可以告诉你这个故事吗？你认为一个穿破烂衣服的百万富翁会怎么样？
Practice
5 can and could
①When the clerk saw the million-pound note, he couldn't believe his eyes. “Could you please come this way,sir ” he said.“Let me show you some of our best clothes.”
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————②Some people never play any game for fun.If they can’t make something or lose something --they don't care which. —they won't play.
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“Couldn't”is used for ability.“Could”is used for polite request.“Can't”is used for possibility.
有些人从不玩任何有趣的游戏。如果他们不能做出什么或失去什么，他们就不在乎是哪一个—— 他们不会玩。
当店员看到那张百万英镑的钞票时，他简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。“先生，你能走这边吗？”
他说。“让我给你看看我们最好的衣服。”
Practice
一、定义
过去将来时指的就是一般过去将来时，表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或呈现的状态。 一般过去将来时的出发点是过去，即从过去某一时刻看以后要发生的动作或状态。
二、结构
1. 主语+would+动词原形+其它
"would+动词原形"构成过去将来时，常表示根据计划或安排即将发生的事。
例句: He said he would come to see me. 他说他要来看我。
2. was/were going to+动词原形
"was /were+going to+动词原形"也可表示根据计划或安排即将发生的事。
例句:She said she was going to start at once. 她说她将立即出发。
3. was/were+动词不定式
表示说话的瞬间将要发生的动作。此结构一般不与时间状语连用，但后面可以接when引导的分句。
例句:Soon our season was over and I was about to move.
很快的，我们的学期要结束了，我即将搬走了。
The past future tense 过去将来时
Language point
4. go, come, leave, start, meet等动词的过去进行时，表示就过去的某一时刻而言即将发生的动作。
例句:She told me she was coming to see me.她告诉我她要来看我。
语法填空
① I was so surprised at the news that David ____________________________ (play) the role of the dinosaur in the play that I gave him a hug out of joy.
②Hey, Timmy. I _______________ (call) you. But now that you are here, I don't have to.
would play / was going to watch
was going to call
Language point
intention n. n.意图;打算;目的;计划
【搭配】intention (of doing sth) / (to do sth)/that打算;计划;意图;目的
例句:He has announced his intention to retire.他已经宣布他打算退休。
1. A necessity B possibility C obligation D request E advice
F intention
【词语积累】
intend vt. 计划；打算
intend to do/doing sth. 打算 / 想要做某事 intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
They intend to bring their complaints out into the open. 他们想把心中的种种不满公开讲出来。
单句语法填空
①He has already stated his __________(intent) to run for election.
②They intend _________________(launch) a campaign to raise money.
intention
to launch/launching
Language point
nowhere adv. 无处;哪里都不
【搭配】nowhere else 别的地方都不 get nowhere 一事无成;毫无进展
例句:They had nowhere to stay so I couldn't turn them away.
他们无处安身，所以我不能把他们打发走。
例句:This animal is found in Australia, and nowhere else.
这种动物生长在澳大利亚，别处没有。
例句:You can get nowhere without an objective in life.
人生如果没有目标，将一事无成。
2. ...Henry Adams is stuck in a foreign country without money and friends, and with nowhere to stay. ……亨利·亚当斯被困在国外, 没有钱, 没有朋友, 也没有地方可住。
Language point
【注意】
nowhere, never, hardly, neither, nor, little, seldom, by no means 等表示否定意义的副词或词
组以及 not only, not until, hardly (... when...)no sooner(... than...)等词(组)开头的句子中,要用部分倒装，即把助动词、情态动词或连系动词 be 提到主语前面。
单句语法填空
①There is nowhere for me (stay).
②He was attacked by a group of people _ of nowhere.
to stay
out
Language point
in case 万一;假使;以备;以防;免得
例句: In case you should need any help, here's my number.
万一你需要帮助的话，这是我的电话号码。
【语块积累】
(1)in case of 假使
例句:It would be safer to take more money with you in case of emergency.
多带点钱保险些，以防急用。
(2)in no case 决不(置于句首,句子用部分倒装结构)
例句:In no case are you to break your word to us.
无论在什么情况下，您对我们也不能食言。
(3)in that case 既然那样;假使那样的话
例句: In that case, I will start the job as soon as possible.
如果是那样的话，我会尽快开始这个工作。
3. In case it happens to you on a trip abroad, what should you do
万一你在国外旅行时遇到这种情况， 你该怎么办？
Language point
(3)as is often the case 情况经常是这样的(as 引导非限制性定语从句)
例句:He was late for school, as is often the case.
他又迟到了，他常常这样。
【注意】
case，point，situation，occasion，stage 等表抽象地点的名词作先行词，且关系词在从句中作状语时，常用where 引导定语从句。
单句语法填空
①In case an emergency, break the glass and press the button.
② _ is often the case, he presented us with a proper solution to it.
of
As
Language point
extent n. 程度;限度;大小;面积;范围
【语块积累】 to some extent 在某种程度上 extent of the damage 受损程度
例句: To some extent, I can understand their attitude.
我在某种程度上是能够理解他们的态度的。
【搭配】to... extent 到……程度;在……程度上 to a certain extent 在一定程度上
4. They ought to be able to help to some extent.
在某种程度上他们应该能帮得上。
单句语法填空
①The pollution of the forest has seriously affected plant life and, a lesser extent,wildlife.
②He has changed to such extent that I no longer recognise him.
to
an
Language point
pursue vt. 追求;执行;追逐;追赶;跟踪
【语块积累】pursue a goal追求目标 pursue an objective实现目标
例句:She pursues perfection and pays attention to all the fine details.
她追求完美，关注一切细节。
(2)追踪;追赶;追捕
【语块积累】pursue the/a car 追赶车辆
例句:Police pursued the car at high speed.
警察高速追赶那辆汽车。
(3)追逐
This may be the perfect time in your life to pursue your dreams.
这也许是你生命中追逐你的梦想的最佳时期。
5. Lily decided that she would settle in New York and pursue her dream of becoming an actress. 莉莉决定在纽约定居,追求她当演员的梦想。
Language point
单句语法填空
She left the theatre, hotly (pursue) by the press.
pursued
duty n.责任;义务;职责;值班;任务
【语块积累】
have a duty to do sth. 有做某事的责任 / 义务 do one’s duty 尽职;尽责
It’s one’s duty to do sth. 做某事是某人的责任
例句: They have a duty to ask the right questions.
他们有责任提出一些该问的问题。
例句: I shall endeavor to do my duty.
我将恪尽本分。
6. Jim is not here right now. He said he would be on duty at the library this afternoon. 吉姆现在不在这里。他说他今天下午在图书馆值班。
Language point
单句语法填空
（1） Only one doctor is ____ duty today — the other doctor is off.
（2）What time do you go duty I would like you to give me a lift.
on
off
so...that... 如此……以至于……
例句: The pancakes were so good that I scoffed the lot.
那些薄饼太好吃了，我狼吞虎咽地都吃下去了。
【常用句型】
①so+adj. /adv. + that... ②so+much/little(少)+ 不可数名词+ that...
③so+many/few + 可数名词复数+ that... ④so+adj. + a/an+ 可数名词单数+ that...
例句:He speaks so fast that I cannot get down every word.
他说得太快了，我无法把他说的每个词都记下来。
例句:There are so many that I don't know which one to pick.
有那么多的马子以致我不知选哪一个较好。
Language point
7.The competition was so close that no one was sure who would win
the Best Actor award. 竞争激烈, 没有人知道谁会赢得最佳男演员奖。
单句语法填空
①His behaviour was so disappointing he left a very bad impression on us.
②They are such scientific _ (method) that we can use them directly in our educational system.
that
methods
【句型解析】 It is + adj. + of sb. + to do...
“ It is+ 形容词+of sb. + 动词不定式”意思是“某人做……是…… 的”。一般用表示人物的性格， 品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，例如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right 等。
例句:It’s wrong of the other children to make fun of you. 其他孩子取笑你是不对的。
【注意】
“ It is+ 形容词+for sb. + 动词不定式”意为“对某人来说做…… 是……的”, 用于这种结构的形容词常常侧重于说明事物特征,这类形容词:important,necessary, difficult, easy, hard, safe等。例如:It' s easy for them to feel at home. 他们很容易有宾至如归的感觉。
例如:I refused to work, so it's been very hard for us. 我拒绝工作，所以我们的生活非常艰难。
8. I think it’s kind of Roderick and Oliver to give Henry the money.
我认为, 罗德里克和奥利弗把钱给亨利很善良。
单句语法填空
①It is stupid him to refuse the invitation.
②The physician thought would be good for you to have a holiday.
of
it
Language point
情态动词
一、 概述
情态动词本身具有情态意义，表达说话人的态度、情绪和语气等。用法是：情态动词+行为动词原形 。
二、常见情态动词
can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would).
三、情态动词的语法特征
情态动词可以表示可能、建议、愿望、必要、允许、能力等。
2.情态动词没有人称和数的变化。
3.情态动词必须和实义动词一起构成谓语。
4.情态动词除ought和have外，后面只能接不带to的不定式。
5.情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式、分词等形式。
Summary
Summary
四、情态动词的分类
There are four types of Modal verb:
① Only Modal verb are: must, can (could), may (might), ought to
② Those that can be both Modal verb and substantive verbs(实义动词)are: need, dare
③ Modal verb and Auxiliary verb(助动词)are: shall (should), will (would)
④ The characteristics of Modal verb are: have (had) to, used to
Summary
重点词汇
1.nowhere adv.无处;哪里都不
2.extent n.程度;限度;大小;面积;范围
3.opera n.歌剧;歌剧剧本;歌剧艺术
4.dinosaur n.恐龙
5.hug v.拥抱;搂抱;抱紧
6.pursue v.追求;致力于;执行;贯彻
7.duty n.责任;义务;职责
Homework
1. Review the key words and phrases in this class.
2. Review the the usage of modal verbs and the past future tense.
3. Complete the questions in the workbook.
Homework
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新人教版(2019)高中必修三第3课时教学设计
课题 The Value of Money 单元 Unit 5 学科 英语 年级
教材分析（语篇研读） The grammar learning content of this section includes two parts: The first part is to learn modal verbs; The second is to learn the past future tense. The theme of the activity is "expressing modality", which can describe what will happen in the future from the past time ",should have better/should have/should, etc. Modal verbs reflect the speaker's attitude towards the content. Guide the students to experience the function of modal expression in the dialogue of a million pound drama, and summarize the function and usage of modal verbs. Be able to use modal verbs properly according to the specific context. Be able to use modal verbs and past future tense appropriately according to the context, talk about the past time, and see what will happen in the future.
核心素养教学目标 1.Knowledge objectives: ① Learn and master the usage of key words and phrases.②Learn the functions and usages of modal verbs and the past and future tense.2.Skill objectives: ①Summarize the basic functions of common modal particles and summarize their functions and usage.② Be able to use modal verbs appropriately according to the specific context.③ Be able to talk about the past time with the past future tense and see what will happen in the future.3.Emotional objectives: 情感目标:Use the past future tense freely to talk about future events or intentions in the past.4.Thinking quality objectives: Cultivate students' logical thinking ability, analysis and summary ability, expression ability and cooperation ability. ( https: / / fanyi. / aldtype=16047" \l "zh / en / javascript:void(0); )
重点 ①Accurately grasp the function and meaning of modal verbs.② Let students flexibly use the grammatical structure of modal verbs and past tense and future tense. ③Be able to talk about the past time with the past future tense and see what will happen in the future.
难点 ①Accurately grasp the function and meaning of modal verbs.② Let students flexibly use the grammatical structure of modal verbs and past tense and future tense.
教学过程
教学环节 教师活动 学生活动 设计意图
导入新课 一、Lead in1.find out the usage and meaning of Modal verb in the sentences.The teacher shows the example sentences in the text and asks the students to read and find out the usage and meaning of Modal verb in the sentences.Questions:What are the functions and meanings of these modal verbs Example sentences:Roderick:May we ask what you're doing in this county and what your' plans are Henry:Well, I can't say that I have any plans.Oliver:Well, You mustn't worry about that.What is a Modal verb Do you know the usage and basic usage of Modal verb 2.find out the basic usage of Modal verbQuestions:What is a Modal verb Do you know the basic usage of Modal verb Modal verb has a certain meaning, which indicates the speaker's mood, attitude or mood, but it can not be used as a predicate (谓语) alone, and can only be used as a predicate with other verb primitives.用法是：情态动词+行为动词原形 例句:I can read this sentence in English. 我用英语读这句话。例句:We can be there on time tomorrow.我们明天能按时去那儿。 例句:May I have your name 我能知道你的名字吗？ 例句:Shall we begin now 我们现在就开始吗？ 例句:You must obey the school rules.你必须遵守校规。kinds of Modal verb Do you know what kinds of Modal verb are There are four types of Modal verb:① Only Modal verb are: must, can (could), may (might), ought to② Those that can be both Modal verb and substantive verbs(实义动词)are: need, dare③ Modal verb and Auxiliary verb(助动词)are: shall (should), will (would)④ The characteristics of Modal verb are: have (had) to, used toDiscussionThe teacher asked the students to say the function of Modal verb.Questions:Modal verbs have many functions, can you name them Students analyze the meaning and usage of Modal verb in red font in the example sentences.Look at the mind map and discuss the functions of Modal verb with the students. The introduction of the meaning and usage of Modal verb through example sentences can arouse students' interest and make them understand better.Cultivate students' logical thinking ability, oral expression ability, and teamwork ability through discussion.
讲授新课 Key words(一)Learning key wordsThe teacher shows students pictures of new words, teaches them to spell and explain the meanings of the words.(二)Practice根据中文含义填空1.They had nowhere (无处) to stay so I couldn't turn them away.2.To some extent (程度)what she argues is true.3.She's one Of the leading lights in the opera (歌剧) world.4.The dinosaur (恐龙) became extinct before the appearance of man.5.She threw her arms round his neck and hugged (拥抱) him warmly.6.He continued to pursue (追求) his goal of becoming an actor.7.I don't want you to visit me simply out of a sense of duty (责任).二、Learn Modal verb(一)The teacher asks students to find Modal verb in the text in the previous section and discuss their functions.Modal verbs have many functions，including the following［A-F］. Find modal verbs in previous sections and discuss their functions. (二)Underline the modal verbs in the following sentences and understand its definition and functions.1.Roderick: Young man, would you step inside a moment, please (表委婉请求)2.Rodercik: If you don't mind, may I ask you how much money you have (表委婉请求)3.Henry: It may seem lucky to you. Now if you'll excuse me, I ought to be on my way.(表推测)(表委婉请求)4.Roderick: You mustn't think we don't care about you. (表推测 )5.May you have good journey! (表祝愿)Modal verbs are mainly used to express the speaker's tone, emotion, or attitude towards acertain action and state, mainly including: necessity, possibility,obligation, request, advice,intention, etc.三、Grammar(一)Basic Usage of Modal verbDo you know the basic usage of modal verb 情态动词没有人称和数的变化不能独立使用，不能单独作谓语，除ought to和used to以外，后面只能接不带to的不定式。情态动词的具体用法如下:一、can的用法1.表能力,可能性请求或许可如:A computer can not think for itself, it must be told what to do.2.表说话者主观推测的“可能性"如:——Will you stay for lunch ——Sorry, I can't. My brother is coming to see me.3.表推测，意为“可能”、“或许”,用于疑问或否定句中。can't用一般式表示对现在情况的推测,用完成式表示对过去情况的推测。例如: Susan can't have written a report like this.二、could的用法1. can的过去式例如: I could speak a little Japanese when I was at college but now I have forgotten allof them except a few words.2.客气的请求例如: Could I borrow your dictionary 3.“could +have +过去分词”表示对过去能做而未做的事感到惋惜、遗憾。例如: ——I stayed at a hotel while in New York- ——Oh, did you You could have stayedwith Barbara.4.“couldn't +have +过去分词”表示对过去情况的推测，意思是“不可能”。例如: He could not have seen the film because he knew nothing about it.[注意]can/could的用法区别1.表示能力: can表示现在的能力，could表示过去的能力。2.表示推测: can一般用于否定句及疑问句中。3.表示有礼貌的请求或建议请求和允许,口语中常用could代替can,使语变委婉。用can和 may回答，不能用could或might。——Could I use your dictionary ——Yes, you can.(否定回答可用: No, I'm afraid not.)在疑问句中还可用could, might代替，不是过去式，只是语更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中——Could I come to see you tomorrow ——Yes, you can. (No,I' m afraid not. )4.在肯定句中，表示客观可能性。并不涉及具体某事会发生，常用来说明人或事物的特征。表达具体某事实际发生的可能性时，不用can, could, may, might.例句:I may stay at home this weekend. (实际可能性)语法填空①Can I have a look at your new design ②Could you pick me up at the airport at five next Monday 三、may的用法:1.表示许可例如: 1. May I come in and wait 2.表示可能(可能性较must和can小例如: Peter may come with us tonight，but he isn't very sure yet.3.“may+have+过去分词”表示对过去的推测。例如:You may have read some account of the matter. Otherwise how can you know about it 4.表示希望、祈求、祝愿，常可以译为“祝愿”。例句:May you have a good time.祝你玩得愉快! 例句:May you be happy.祝你幸福! 四、might 的用法:1. may的过去式。例如: He told me that he might go to Shanghai in a few days.2.表示许可,比may气。例如: Might I use your pen for a short while 3.表示可能,比may的可能性小。例如: Yesterday, Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, might have saidsomething she would regret later.Must的用法:1.表示“必须”、“一定要”。可用于肯定句、否定包或疑问句;肯定形式表示“必须，一定”，否定形式表示“一定不要” 、“不准。例句1 :You must come to school on time.例句2:Everybody must obey the law.2.对于must开头是疑问句，在回答带有must的问句时，否定回答常用needn't 或don't have to,表示“不必”，而不用mustn't。例句1:——Must I come back before ten ——Yes, you must.(No, you needn't)例句2:——Must we hand in our exercise books today ——Yes, you must. No, you don't have to.)3.表示有把握的推测，意为“一定、准是、想必”，只用于肯定句中。它的否定或疑问式用can代替must.4.must与have to的区别①强调重点不同:两者都表示“必须，不得不”，但must侧重于说话人的主观看法；have to则侧重于强调客观需要,有被动接受的意思。无疑问形式，疑问must代替。例句:My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上要做这件事)②时态形式不同:must只有现在时一种形式(在宾语从句中可以表示过却)，而have to则有多种时态形式: 例句:I had to work hard when I was your age.例句:I will have to learn how to use a computer.六、shall的用法1.用于第一、三人称的疑问句,用来征询对方意见或请求指示。例句:Shall I open the window 2.用于第二、三人称,表示说话人的意愿有“命令”、“警告”、 “威胁” 、“强制” 意思。例句:Shall the boy wait outside 让那男孩在外面等吗 七、should的用法1.表劝告或建议例如:——When can I come for the photos I need them tomorrow afternoon.——They should be ready by 12:00.2.表示推测用在肯定句中，对现在的情况或可能发生的事的主观推测或期待。意为“想必,大概,或许。”例句: It should be a nice day tomorrow.3.have to可以有分词、动名词不定式形式，而 must则没有这些形式:例句:I had to work hard when I was your age.4.否定式的意义不同: must 的否定式mustn't意为“一定不要”、“不允许”;而have .to的否定式don't have to意为“不必”(=needn't)” 。比较:例句:You mustn't go there.例句:You don't have to go there.情态动词对比填空Listen! It must (must,have to) be raining outside.七、should的用法(1)表示责任、义务、造、建议、命令等意为“应当;应该”。例句: The old should be taken good care of. 老人应该受到良好的照顾。(2)表示说话人的惊奇、愤怒、失望等情绪，意为“竟然”。例句:Why should anyone want to marry Tony (3)表示可能性,意为“应该会，可能会”。 表示说话具有一定根据的推测。例句:It should be a nice day tomorrow.(4)表示假设“万一”的意思，用在条件句中。例句:If I should be free tomorrow,I would come.万一明天有空我就会来。(5)表示说话人的一种谦逊、客气委婉的语气。例句:I should advise you not to do that. 我倒是劝你别这样做。情态动词对比填空It's nearly seven o' clock. Jack should(can,should) be here at any moment.八、will的用法1.表示意愿，愿望或愿意等。例句:If you will read the book, I'll lend it to you.如果你愿意读这本书，我会把它借给你。2.will用于第二人称的疑问句中，表示委婉的请求或征求意见。例句:Will you please take a message for him 你能帮他捎个口信吗 3.表示表习惯或倾向，意为“总是，惯于”。例句:He used to/would smoke while writing.过去他写东西时常抽烟。4.will表示叙述真理的必然性，意为“注定会；一定会”。例句:Oil will float on water.油能浮在水面上。5.表示推测，意为“很可能，大概”。will表示推测比should把握大，比must把握小。例句:It would be about ten o' clock when she left home.她离开家时大约十点钟了.情态动词对比填空I am willing to apologise to you this means that I will (shall,will) make an apology to you.九、ought to的用法1.ought to表示应该例句:You ought to bring the child here.你应该把孩子带到这儿来。2.ought to表示客观的看法，“按道理应......”之意，属于客观推测。 要反映客观情况或涉及法律义务和规定，一般用ought to,表示义务或责任，比should语气重。例句1: You should help them with their work.你应该帮助他们的工作。例句2: You are his father. You ought to get him to receive good education.你是他的父亲。你应该让他接受良好的教育。例句3:He ought to/should be home by now.他现在应该回家了。十、have to的用法1.have to表示“必须，不得不”。与其他情态动词一样也是后接动词原形，表补界的强制作用，强调被迫性。有不情愿的色彩。例句:There has to be an end to the violence.必须得结束暴力。2.have to有多种时态， 而must 只有一种时态。例句:I had to do my homework last night.昨晚我不得不做作业。3.have to的否定形式，要借助助动词do/ does/ did/ will来完成，don' t/doesn't /didn't/will not have to, 意为“不必，没有必要”。例句:He doesn't have to do the homework now.他没有必要现在做作业。例句:Do I have to go there now 我现在就得去那儿吗 4.have to还可以表示推测，意思是“一定，肯定”。用于肯定意义的推测，must用法相似。例句:As for your problem here has to be a solution.至于你的问题，一定会有解决的办法。情态动词对比填空He missed the bus and had to (must, have to) walk home.四、Practice(一)Please fill in the blanks with correct modal verb in the following sentences.(1)你必须遵守校规!You must obey the school rules.(2)我在家里时，想什么时候看电影就可以什么时候看。When I lived at home,I could watch TV whenever I wanted to.(3)毕业生不得不在竞争激烈的市场上奋力争取找到工作。Graduates have to fight for jobs in a highly competitive market. (4)我们齐心协力应该能把这事办妥。We ought to be able to manage it between us.(5)他们被迫违背自己的意愿，交出了钱。Against their will，they were forced to handover the money.(6)你能不能把所有信件转寄到纽约给我们 Could you forward any mail to us in NewYork Read the passage and fill in the blanks with suitable modal verbs in the box. In the film The Million Pound Bank Note,Henry Adams is stuck in a foreign country without money and friends, and with nowhere to stay. While this situation may seem unusual, it can sometimes happen to travellers. In case it happens to you on a trip abroad, what should you do First, and most importantly, you must stay calm. Fear can cause you to become confused. Youneed to think clearly. Second, you should go to your nearest consulate. They ought to be able tohelp to some extent. Third, you would do well to check with some local charities. They mightoffer help to traveler's in need. Fourth, you had better getting into trouble. You might thinkthat stealing some money or food would help you, but you should not do so. Getting caught wouldruin your life.(三)Fill in the blanks in the correct form The teacher guides the students to read this article and asks them to fill in the blanks with appropriate Modal verb in the box. Both“would do”and“was/were going to do”can be used to talk about future events or intentions in the plete the following sentences that describe the future using either form of the given verbs. (四)Work in pairsWork in pairs. Discuss the scene from The Million Pound Bank Note on page 52 and share your understanding of the story. Use modal verbs when necessary.The example below may help you.(五)Rewrite a sentenceWork out the meaning of the modal verbs from the context.Then translate the sentences into Chinese. 五、Language pointThe teacher summarizes the important language points of this lesson, presents example questions for students to complete, and then checks the answers.六、SummaryThe teacher summarizes the important words and phrases in the text. Students complete the exercises within the designated time and make timely corrections with classmates.Students underline the Modal verb in the following sentences and understand their definitions and functions.Students learn the basic usage of various Modal verb and complete the exercise.Students learn the basic usage of common Modal verb and take notes.Students use correct Modal verb to complete the exercise.Students summarize language points and take notes to record important information.Students should consolidate and summarize the grammar points of this lesson, and take notes. Learn the key words in the text to prepare for future learning.Let the students understand the definition and function of Modal verb through the exercise.Through explanation, students can understand and master the basic usage of each Modal verb, and consolidate their knowledge of writing by doing exercises.Let the students understand the concept of Modal verb and master the grammatical features and usage of common Modal verb can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, shall (should) and will (would).Consolidate the knowledge of Modal verb and master the basic usage of Modal verb through practice.Summarize and summarize knowledge points, connect the teaching stages, consolidate students' learning effectiveness, and help them deepen their understanding of knowledge.Classroom summary can help students summarize and organize grammar knowledge, clarify the hierarchical structure of knowledge, and form a knowledge series and a certain structural framework.
课堂练习 单选题—Mum, may I watch TV now？—Sure,but you ________ help me with my English.A. Can B. may C. must D. could
2.—________ I download the article again？ —No，you needn't.Shall B. Will C. Must D. Can
3. —Can you go skating with us this afternoon？ —Sorry， I can't. I ________ take care of my little sister at home.Can B. may C. would D. have to
4. —Must I hand in my exercise book today？ —No， you ________.A. can't B. needn't C. mustn't D. won't
5. —May I have a word with you？—No， you ________. I'm busy today.needn't B. wouldn't C. don't have to D. can't—________I have your English name， please？—Yes，Helen. H-E-L-E-N.Must B. May C. Will D. Need
7. —Who is the boy over there？Is it John？—No， it ________ be him. John is much taller.mustn't B. may not C. can't D. needn't
8. —Can you play Frisbee,Jay？—Yes， I ________. It's easy.must B. can C. need D. may
9.—You must come back every month.—Yes， I ________.will B. must C. should D. can
10. She ________ know the answer,but I'm not sure.A. maybe B. may be C. may D. must1. C 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. D 6.B 7. C 8. B 9. A10. C Students complete the exercise and correct their mistakes. Consolidate the content learned in the course and train students' writing skills.
课堂小结 The grammar learning content of this section is to learn the basic usage of Modal verb and the future tense of the past. Modal verb reflect the speaker's attitude towards content. The text guides students to experience the functions of modal particles in the dialogue of a million pound drama, and summarizes the functions and usage of modal particles. Be able to use Modal verb and Past tense tense appropriately according to the context, talk about the past time and see what will happen in the future. Students should record the key points of the lesson taught by the teacher and summarize the weaknesses that need to be noted for themselves Cultivating and enhancing students' awareness of learning goals, enabling them to strengthen their goal-oriented approach, is beneficial for increasing information feedback and timely problem-solving and error correction.
板书 一、 概述情态动词本身具有情态意义，表达说话人的态度、情绪和语气等。二、常见情态动词can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would).三、情态动词的语法特征1.情态动词可以表示可能、建议、愿望、必要、允许、能力等。2.情态动词没有人称和数的变化。3.情态动词必须和实义动词一起构成谓语。4.情态动词除ought和have外，后面只能接不带to的不定式。5.情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式分词等形式。四、情态动词的分类There are four types of Modal verb:① Only Modal verb are: must, can (could), may (might), ought to② Those that can be both Modal verb and substantive verbs(实义动词)are: need, dare③ Modal verb and Auxiliary verb(助动词)are: shall (should), will (would)④ The characteristics of Modal verb are: have (had) to, used to Visually display the key words and phrases in this lesson.
may must can ought to might had better would should
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