(共70张PPT)
背词条用法 survive sth. 幸免于；从……中挺过来/活下来
survive on 依靠……生存下来
A survive B (by ...) A比B活得长(……)
背写作佳句 ①The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history.
西安城墙是中国历史上保存下来的最完整的城墙。
②As far as I know, the old woman survived her husband by ten years.
据我所知，这位老太太比她丈夫多活了十年。
(二)背满分作文——好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”
本辑学点——邀请信(一)
[题目要求]
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)假定你是校广播站英语节目“Talk and Talk”的负责人李华，请给外教Caroline写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。内容包括：
1．节目介绍；
2．访谈的时间和话题。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Dear Caroline，
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
[背范文]
Dear Caroline，
I am Li Hua, in charge of the English programme “Talk and Talk” of our school broadcasting station. Here I would like to invite you to be our guest.
To begin with, focusing on the topics appealing to teenagers, our programme is committed to enhancing students' understanding of affairs at home and abroad. Therefore, the topic of the coming show is environmental protection in our daily life. Besides, the show is scheduled to be held next Friday.At last, I am wondering whether it is convenient for you. If not, please let me know.
I sincerely hope you can accept my invitation and share your opinion. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
学案(三) 高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养
2020·全国卷Ⅲ·阅读理解A篇——对接课标主题：物质与非物质文化遗产
Journey Back in Time with Scholars
Classical Provence (13 days)
Journey through the beautiful countryside of Provence, France, with Prof. Ori Z. Soltes. We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world. Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of Van Gogh and Gauguin. Fields of flowers, tile-roofed (瓦屋顶) villages and tasty meals enrich this wonderful experience.
Southern Spain (15 days)
Spain has lovely white towns and the scent (芳香) of oranges, but it is also a treasury of ancient remains including the cities left by the Greeks, Romans and Arabs. As we travel south from Madrid with Prof. Ronald Messier to historic Toledo, Roman Mérida and into Andalucia, we explore historical monuments and architecture.
China's Sacred Landscapes (21 days)
Discover the China of “past ages，” its walled cities, temples and mountain scenery with Prof. Robert Thorp. Highlights (精彩之处) include China's most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzhou's rolling hills, waterways and peaceful temples. We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai.
Tunisia (17 days)
Join Prof. Pedar Foss on our in-depth Tunisian tour. Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga, the underground Numidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Tataouine and Matmata, unique for underground cities. Our journey takes us to picturesque Berber villages and lovely beaches.
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了由学者带领的探索法国、西班牙、中国和突尼斯的物质文化遗产的旅游活动。
1．What can visitors see in both Classical Provence and Southern Spain
A．Historical monuments.
B．Fields of flowers.
C．Van Gogh's paintings.
D．Greek buildings.
解析：细节理解题。根据Classical Provence部分中的“We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments”和Southern Spain部分中的“we explore historical monuments and architecture”可知，游客在普罗旺斯和西班牙南部都可以看到历史遗迹。
答案：A
2．Which country is Prof.Thorp most knowledgeable about
A．France. B．Spain.
C．China. D．Tunisia.
解析：细节理解题。根据China's Sacred Landscapes部分中的“Discover the China of ... with Prof.Robert Thorp.”可知，Thorp教授对中国最有研究。
答案：C
3．Which of the following highlights the Tunisian tour
A．White towns.
B．Underground cities.
C．Tile-roofed villages.
D．Rolling hills.
解析：细节理解题。根据Tunisia部分中的“Tour highlights include ... underground cities.”可知，突尼斯之行的最精彩的部分在地下城。
答案：B
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
细节理解题的思维建模及应用(第3题)
B
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(熟词生义)Spain has lovely white towns and the scent of oranges, but it is also a treasury of ancient remains including the cities left by the Greeks, Romans and Arabs.______
②(熟词生义)Discover the China of “past ages，”its walled cities, temples and mountain scenery with Prof.Robert Thorp._________
③(一词多义)We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai._____
遗迹
有城墙的
结束
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①in the footsteps of ______________
②wonderful experience ___________
③ancient remains _________
④historical monuments _________
⑤China's most sacred peaks at Mount Tai _____________________
⑥wander in traditional small towns _________________
⑦end ... with ... ______________
跟随……的脚步
美好的经历
古代遗迹
历史遗迹
中国最神圣的泰山之巅
在传统的小镇漫步
以……结束……
三、寻结构破长句
1．Spain has lovely white towns and the scent of oranges, but it is also a treasury of ancient remains including the cities left by the Greeks, Romans and Arabs.
抓标志：并列连词___
判类型：简单句＋并列连词＋简单句(其中介词短语作定语，分词短语作定语)
试翻译：西班牙有美丽的白色城镇和橘子的芳香，____________________
，包括希腊人、罗马人和阿拉伯人留下的城市。
but
但它也是一个古代遗
迹的宝库
2．As we travel south from Madrid with Prof. Ronald Messier to historic Toledo, Roman Mérida and into Andalucia, we explore historical monuments and architecture.
抓标志：从属连词___
判类型：时间状语从句＋主句
试翻译：当罗纳德·梅西耶教授和我们从马德里南下，前往历史悠久的托莱多、罗马梅里达，然后进入安达卢西亚时， 。
as
我们探索历史遗迹和建筑
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏结构之美)Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of Van Gogh and Gauguin.
赏析：该句中动词不定式to walk ...作后置定语修饰名词chance。不定式在句中作定语时通常作后置定语，即放在被修饰名词或代词后。英语中很多特定的名词后可用不定式作后置定语，常用的有：chance, way, time, reason, opportunity, need, wish, effort, right, ambition等。
[对点练——单句语法填空/完成句子]
①I admire her for her ambition (become) a first-rate scientist.
②The exhibition gives local artists an opportunity (display) their work.
③You can take notes, but on the screen.
你们可以做笔记，但是没有必要把屏幕上所有的东西都记下来。
to become
to display
there is no need to write down everything
2．(赏用词之美)Our journey takes us to picturesque Berber villages and lovely beaches.
赏析：句中picturesque(风景如画的)和lovely(美丽的)两个形容词生动地描绘了突尼斯的Berber村庄和海滩，给人以美好的印象。
3．(赏意境之美)Highlights include China's most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzhou's rolling hills, waterways and peaceful temples.We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai.
赏析：神圣无比的泰山之巅、连绵起伏的丘陵、纵横交错的水路，还有宁静的寺庙，漫步在传统的小城镇，再参观一个独特的博物馆……作者用细腻的笔触描写出行程中几处中国名胜所呈现的那种雄浑、自然、秀丽的风光，让读者充分感受到这些名胜景点的无穷魅力，引发读者无限的遐想和向往。
“课下主题训练”见“课下主题训练（一）”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢 谢 观 看(共71张PPT)
背词条用法 compete in 参加……比赛；在……方面竞争
compete for sth. 为了……而竞争
compete with/against sb. 和某人比赛
背写作佳句 ①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)My English teacher often tells us that we must compete for every opportunity to practise our spoken English.
我的英语老师常告诉我们必须竞争每一个机会来练习我们的英语口语。
②(2021·浙江1月高考写作)In the pumpkin field, I compete with my three brothers and sisters to seek out the biggest pumpkin.
在南瓜地里，我和我的三个兄弟姐妹比赛寻找最大的南瓜。
学案(三) 高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养
(2022·新高考 Ⅱ 卷·阅读理解D篇)对接课标主题：体育活动、大型体育赛事、体育与健康、体育精神
As we age, even if we're healthy, the heart just isn't as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be. In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early 60s. And among people who don't exercise, the changes can start even sooner.
“Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken，” says Dr.Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University of Texas. That's what happens to the heart. Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven't been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.
Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy. Participants were randomly divided into two groups. The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic (无氧) exercise — balance training and weight training — three times a week.The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under
the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health.
“We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30- or 35-year-old hearts，” says Levine. “And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump (泵送) a lot more blood during exercise.” But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didn't change, he says.
“The sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you haven't already, is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility，” Levine says.“We put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise training program, and nothing happened to them at all.”
Dr.Nieca Goldberg, a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, says Levine's findings are a great start. But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是锻炼对于心脏的好处。
1．What does Levine want to explain by mentioning the rubber band
A．The right way of exercising.
B．The causes of a heart attack.
C．The difficulty of keeping fit.
D．The aging process of the heart.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的本·莱文博士说的话以及“That's what happens to the heart.”可知，莱文想通过提到橡皮筋来解释心脏的老化过程。
答案：D
2．In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design
A．Diet plan. B．Professional background.
C．Exercise type. D．Previous physical condition.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The first group ...days a week.”可知，第一组每周参加三次无氧运动——平衡训练和重量训练；第二组在教练的指导下每周进行4天或更多天的高强度有氧运动。由此可知，两组在研究设计上的不同在于运动类型的不同。
答案：C
3．What does Levine's research find
A．Middle-aged hearts get younger with aerobic exercise.
B．High-intensity exercise is more suitable for the young.
C．It is never too late for people to start taking exercise.
D．The more exercise we do, the stronger our hearts get.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“The second group ...in heart health.”和第四段莱文说的话可知，莱文的研究发现了通过有氧运动，中年人的心脏会变得更年轻。
答案：A
4．What does Dr.Nieca Goldberg suggest
A．Making use of the findings.
B．Interviewing the study participants.
C．Conducting further research.
D．Clarifying the purpose of the study.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But the study ...make the biggest difference.”可知，妮卡·戈德堡博士建议进行进一步的研究。
答案：C
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
推理判断题的思维建模及应用(第4题)
C
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(熟词生义)As we age, even if we're healthy, the heart just isn't as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be._____
②(一词多义)And among people who don't exercise, the changes can start even sooner._____
③(熟词生义)Dr.Nieca Goldberg, a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, says Levine's findings are a great start._____
变老
锻炼
开端
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①even if ___________
②show up ___________
③in one's 50s __________________
④in the beginning ______
⑤get in shape ___________
即使；尽管
出现；露面
在某人50多岁的时候
起初
健身；塑形
⑥be divided into _______
⑦participate in _____
⑧three times a week _________
⑨under the guidance of ______________
⑩make the biggest difference _____________
被分成
参加
每周三次
在……的指导下
起最大的作用
三、寻结构破长句
1．As we age, even if we're healthy, the heart just isn't as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be.
抓标志：从属连词____________
判类型：时间状语从句＋让步状语从句＋主句＋比较状语从句
试翻译： ，心脏处理氧气的效率________
。
as, even if, as
随着我们变老，即使我们很健康
也不像
以前那么高了
2．Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven't been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.
抓标志：连接词 ; 从属连词_______
判类型：主句＋宾语从句(含有一个让步状语从句；动名词短语作主语)
试翻译：莱文发现，幸运的是，对于那些中年人士来说，________________
，现在健身也可能有助于改善你老化的心脏。
that
even if
即使你不是一个
热情的运动爱好者
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)“The sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you haven't already, is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility，” Levine says.
赏析：用形容词sweet修饰spot来描述开始锻炼的最佳时机，增加了参与锻炼的吸引力；has flexibility加上副词still，客观说明了中年后期心脏的特点，生动描述了不可错过这一时机锻炼的紧迫性。
[对点练——单句语法填空/完成句子]
①Swimming can increase (flexible) of our body, enhance balance and coordination.
②Proper food, regular exercise and a positive attitude can be beneficial to us during .
适当的食物、定期的锻炼和积极的态度可以在这个苦中带甜的一年里让我们受益匪浅。
flexibility
this bitter but sweet year
2．(赏结构之美)And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump a lot more blood during exercise.
赏析：本句使用了定语从句和表语从句。省略了why的定语从句准确指出了是哪一方面的原因，that引导的表语从句说明了原因的内容。句子结构严谨，语言精练，表意充分。
3．(赏修辞之美)“We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30- or 35-year-old hearts，” says Levine.
赏析：“我们把这些50岁的心脏的时钟拨回到30或35岁的心脏。”Levine通过把心脏的年龄比作时钟，生动形象地说明了锻炼的效果，表意贴切，给人以深刻印象。
“课下主题训练”见“课下主题训练（二）”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢 谢 观 看(共73张PPT)
背相关短语 (1)as a result of 因为；由于
(2)result in 导致；造成
result from 由……造成；起因于
背写作佳句 ①As a result，adequate preparation is urgently needed，including practice, nutrition and a perfect plan.
因此，迫切需要充分的准备，包括练习、营养和一个完美的计划。
②As for me, I'm fascinated by rope skipping, which can result in the flexibility of my body.
至于我，我对跳绳很着迷，这会使我的身体变得灵活。
背相关短语 all the way 一路上；自始至终；完全
by the way 顺便说一下
in no way 一点也不；决不(位于句首时，句子应使用部分倒装)
in this way 以这种方法
in the way 挡道；妨碍
on the way 在途中
背写作佳句 ①In a way, the computer plays a more and more important role in our life and work.
从某种程度上说，电脑在我们的生活和工作中发挥着越来越重要的作用。
②(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)By the way, our music teacher and foreign teachers are scheduled to show up on the stage.
顺便说一下，我们的音乐老师和外教将在台上露面。
本辑学点——邀请信(三)
[题目要求]
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ) 假定你是李华，你校将举办音乐节。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加，内容包括：
1．时间； 2.活动安排； 3.欢迎他表演节目。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[背范文]
Dear Allen，
I am delighted to inform you that this year's music festival will be held shortly. There will be a wide variety of activities to mark this unforgettable occasion. I'm writing to invite you to attend the festival and the relevant details are as follows.
Firstly, the festival will start at 9：00 am on August 15th, which will last 3 hours. Secondly, at the beginning of the festival, the chair of the Students' Union will give us a look into the past, present and future of the festival. Following this, staff and students from different clubs will stage singing, dancing and drama performances. You are welcome to give performances as well.
I'd love it if you could attend the upcoming celebration. Please do not hesitate to ask me if you have questions or require more information.
Yours,
Li Hua
As the world's population continues to grow
so meaningful and fascinating is the
exhibition that
学案(三) 高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养
(2022·全国乙卷·阅读理解C篇)对接课标主题：科技发展与信息技术创新，科学精神，信息安全
Can a small group of drones (无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year That is the very likely future of applying today's “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure (基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient (高效) across the board.
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railwaysalone spend approximately
20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews' efforts.
By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail don't need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。无人机将会在保证铁路的安全性和可靠性的同时，还能帮助铁路运营商每年节省大量费用。
1．What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible
A．The use of drones in checking on power lines.
B．Drones' ability to work at high altitudes.
C．The reduction of cost in designing drones.
D．Drones' reliable performance in remote areas.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure”可知，无人机已经被用于检查高压电线。它们同样可以被用来检查铁路线路和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面。由此可知，无人机已经被用于检查高压电线，这使得无人机在铁路线上的应用成为可能。
答案：A
2．What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to
A．Personnel safety. B．Assistance from drones.
C．Inspection and repair. D．Construction of infrastructure.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure.”可知，据计算，仅欧洲铁路每年就花费约200亿欧元用于维护，包括派遣维护人员、经常在夜间检查和维修铁路基础设施。由此可知，画线词指的是“检查和维修”。
答案：C
3．What function is expected of the rail drones
A．To provide early warning.
B．To make trains run automatically.
C．To earn profits for the crews.
D．To accelerate transportation.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones ... react in time.”可知，工程师们现在正在研究一个新概念：未来的铁路无人机。它们将在列车前方的轨道上运行，并被设定为自动运行。配备了先进传感器和人工智能的小型无人机可以像副驾驶员一样引导火车前进。它们有预见未来的能力，可以发出任何问题的信号，这样快速行驶的列车就能及时做出反应。由此可知，人们期待未来的铁路无人机具备提供早期预警的功能。
答案：A
4．Which is the most suitable title for the text
A．What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones
B．How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded
C．What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face
D．How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways
解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段第一句和下文对无人机在铁路领域的应用的介绍以及对未来无人机的发展展望可知，在未来，无人机将会保证铁路的安全性和可靠性，或许会成为铁路安全的新未来。故D项“无人机将如何改变铁路的未来”最适合作本文的标题。
答案：D
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
词义猜测题的思维建模及应用(第2题)
C
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(一词多义)Can a small group of drones guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year？____________________
②(一词多义)Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient across the board. ；______
③(熟词生义)They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. ；_____
(设备、机器的)操作员
消减
运营
轨道
设置
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①at the same time __________
②apply ... to ... _________________
③make sure _____
④on a 24/7 basis _______
⑤provid sth. for sb. ______________
⑥work on _____
⑦ahead of ___________
⑧in time _____
与此同时
把……应用于……
确保
全天候
为某人提供某物
从事
在……之前
及时
三、寻结构破长句
1．That is the very likely future of applying today's “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
抓标志：连接词(第二个)_____
判类型：复合句(含有一个宾语从句)
试翻译：那很有可能是未来的情景——应用今天的“空中之眼”技术来确保_________________________________________________。
that
全球数百万公里的铁路轨道和基础设施全天候安全运行
2．With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
抓标志：从属连词_______
判类型：主句＋目的状语从句
试翻译：它们有预见未来的能力，可以发出任何问题的信号，____________
。
so that
这样快速行驶
的列车就能及时做出反应
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.
赏析：作者运用了precisely(精确地，准确地)，inspect(检查)，vital(至关重要的)，correct(正确的)等词，具体准确地说明了无人机在检查铁路线路和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面的重要作用。
[对点练——单句语法填空/完成句子]
①“We'd like to try this on，” she'd say carefully, uttering her words _________(precise)and properly.
②I carefully made my selection, (inspect) each plant to make sure that I had indeed found the best roses.
③Having healthy eating habits because a healthy body allows you to enjoy a happier life.
拥有健康的饮食习惯对你来说至关重要，因为健康的身体可以让你享受更快乐的生活。
precisely
inspecting
is vital to you
2．(赏结构之美)The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved.
赏析：该句运用了“the more ..., the more ...”句型表示“越……，就越……”，准确说明了铁路的安全性、可靠性和准点率与规律检查之间的关系——检查越有规律，铁路的安全性、可靠性和准点率就越高。
[对点练——句式升级]
If you use English more frequently, you can learn it well faster.
→ (“the more ..., the more ...”句型)
The more frequently you use English, the faster you can learn it well.
3．(赏修辞之美)Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot.
赏析：作者用明喻的修辞手法，把配备了先进传感器和人工智能的小型无人机比作一位副驾驶员，说明了这种无人机的作用，生动形象、通俗易懂。
“课下主题训练”见“课下主题训练（三）”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢 谢 观 看(共62张PPT)
背词条用法 (1)appreciate＋n./pron./v.-ing 重视/感激……
I would appreciate it if ... 假如……，我将不胜感激。
(2)express one's appreciation to sb. 表达对某人的感激之情
背写作佳句 ①(2021·全国甲卷书面表达)I would appreciate it if you could lend me a hand.
如果你能帮我一把，我将不胜感激。
②(2020·浙江高考写作)Here I sincerely express my appreciation to you for your help with my English.
在这儿，我真诚地为你在英语上给我帮助向你表示感谢。
学案(三) 高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养
2022·全国甲卷·阅读理解B篇——对接课标主题：人与环境、人与动植物
Goffin's cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut.
In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical
(对称的) shapes. This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an“allocentric frame of reference”. In the experiment, Goffin's cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Goffin's cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.
The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues (线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。澳大拉西亚的戈芬氏凤头鹦鹉具有大约2岁孩童水平的形状识别能力。
1．How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment
A．By following instructions. B．By using a tool.
C．By turning the box around. D．By removing the lid.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“... the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage.”和第二段中“In the experiment, Goffin's cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job ...”可知，戈芬氏凤头鹦鹉能拿到盒子里的坚果是因为它们使用了工具。
答案：B
2．Which task can human one-year-olds most likely complete according to the text
A．Using a key to unlock a door.
B．Telling parrots from other birds.
C．Putting a ball into a round hole.
D．Grouping toys of different shapes.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age ...”可知，人类幼儿在一岁时能做到将一个圆形物体放进圆孔中。C项为原文的同义改写。
答案：C
3．What does the follow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos
A．How far they are able to see.
B．How they track moving objects.
C．Whether they are smarter than monkeys.
D．Whether they use a sense of touch in the test.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知，研究人员下一步将尝试并设法弄明白凤头鹦鹉究竟是只能依靠视觉线索还是也可以利用触觉来选择形状。
答案：D
4．Which can be a suitable title for the text
A．Cockatoos: Quick Error Checkers
B．Cockatoos: Independent Learners
C．Cockatoos: Clever Signal-Readers
D．Cockatoos: Skilful Shape-Sorters
解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容尤其是第一段中的“Goffin's cockatoos ... have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old.”可推知，本文主要介绍了凤头鹦鹉能识别形状这一研究发现。D项“凤头鹦鹉：熟练的形状分类者”最适合作本文的标题。
答案：D
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
标题归纳题的思维建模及应用(第4题)
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(一词多义)Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage.______
②(一词多义)In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it._____
③(熟词生义)The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from.
_____________________
饲养
交给
具有(或呈)……形状的
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①be native to ___________
②skilful at tool use _____________
③let out ___________
④in most cases ______________
⑤be similar to ___________
⑥work out _____________
⑦rely on ___________
⑧a sense of touch _____
原产自……
熟练使用工具
放出；泄露
在大多数情况下
与……相似
解决；计算出
依靠，依赖
触觉
三、寻结构破长句
The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues, or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.
抓标志：插入语 ；从属连词________
判类型：主句＋分割结构＋宾语从句
试翻译：根据研究人员的说法，下一步是试图弄清楚凤头鹦鹉___________
。
according to the researchers
whether
是完全依靠
视觉线索，还是也使用触觉来选择它们的形状
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏结构之美)Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage.
赏析：该句中作者两次使用状语从句的省略，客观严谨地说明了戈芬氏凤头鹦鹉能够使用工具的研究范围——仅限于笼养的情况下。
[对点练——单句语法填空/完成句子]
①While (read), I got the sense that it must have been really tough for my dad to settle down in a new country at an early age.
②I always think of the crab whenever . (省略句)
每当遇到困难时，我总是想起那只螃蟹。
reading
faced with difficulties
2．(赏用词之美)This indicates that Goffin's cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.
赏析：句中do和indeed对“戈芬氏凤头鹦鹉在空间中移动物体时，拥有一个非中心的参照系”这一事实进行了强调，随即用“similar to”说明了它们的这种能力“类似于两岁的婴儿”，生动形象，通俗易懂。
“课下主题训练”见“课下主题训练（四）”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢 谢 观 看(共80张PPT)
学案(三) 高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养
2019·江苏高考·阅读理解D篇——对接课标主题：影视、音乐等领域的概况及其发展
The 65-year-old Steve Goodwin was found suffering from early Alzheimer's (阿尔兹海默症). He was losing his memory.
A software engineer by profession, Steve was a keen lover of the piano, and the only musician in his family. Music was his true passion, though he had never performed outside the family.
Melissa, his daughter, felt it more than worthwhile to save his music, to which she fell asleep each night when she was young. She thought about hiring a professional pianist to work with her father.
Naomi, Melissa's best friend and a talented pianist, got to know about this and showed willingness to help.
“Why do this？” Steve wondered.
“Because she cares.” Melissa said.
Steve nodded, tear in eye.
Naomi drove to the Goodwin home. She told Steve she'd love to hear him play. Steve moved to the piano and sat at the bench, hands trembling as he gently placed his fingers on the keys.
Naomi put a small recorder near the piano. Starts and stops and mistakes. Long pauses, heart sinking. But Steve pressed on, playing for the first time in his life for a stranger.
“It was beautiful，” Naomi said after listening to the recording. “The music was worth saving.”
Her responsibility, her privilege, would be to rescue it. The music was still in Steve Goodwin. It was hidden in rooms with doors about to be locked.
Naomi and Steve met every other week and spent hours together. He'd move his fingers clumsily on the piano, and then she'd take his place. He struggled to
explain what he heard in his head. He stood by the piano, eyes closed, listening for the first time to his own work being played by someone else.
Steve and Naomi spoke in musical code: lines, beats, intervals, moving from the root to end a song in a new key. Steve heard it. All of it. He just couldn't play it.
Working with Naomi did wonders for Steve. It had excited within him the belief he could write one last song. One day, Naomi received an email. Attached was a recording, a recording of loss and love, of the fight. Steve called it “Melancholy Flower.”
Naomi heard multiple stops and starts. Steve struggling, searching while his wife Joni called him “honey” and encouraged him. The task was so hard, and Steve, angry and upset, said he was quitting. Joni praised him, telling her husband this could be his signature piece.
Naomi managed to figure out 16 of Steve's favorite, and most personal, songs. With Naomi's help, the Goodwin family found a sound engineer to record Naomi
playing Steve's songs. Joni thought that would be the end. But it wasn't.
In the months leading up to the 2016 Oregon Repertory Singers Christmas concert, Naomi told the director she had a special one in mind: “Melancholy Flower.”
She told the director about her project with Steve. The director agreed to add it to the playing list. But Naomi would have to ask Steve's permission. He considered it an honor.
After the concert, Naomi told the family that Steve's music was beautiful and professional. It needed to be shared in public.
The family rented a former church in downtown Portland and scheduled a concert. By the day of the show, more than 300 people had said they would attend.
By then, Steve was having a hard time remembering the names of some of his friends. He knew the path his life was now taking. He told his family he was at peace.
Steve arrived and sat in the front row, surrounded by his family. The house lights faded. Naomi took the stage. Her fingers. His heart.
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位父亲因患阿尔兹海默症而逐渐失去记忆，女儿珍视父亲给她演奏过的那些陪伴她入睡的儿时音乐，为了让这温暖的“独家音乐”不失传，众人努力拯救“独家音乐”的感人故事。
1．Why did Melissa want to save her father's music
A．His music could stop his disease from worsening.
B．She wanted to please her dying old father.
C．His music deserved to be preserved in the family.
D．She wanted to make her father a professional.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，Melissa的父亲Steve是一位钢琴爱好者，是家里唯一一位音乐家，再根据第三段中的“felt it more than ...when she was young”可知，父亲Steve的音乐陪伴了Melissa的成长，因此Melissa觉得它对于这个家庭有着特别的意义，值得被保存。
答案：C
2．After hearing Steve's playing, Naomi ______.
A．refused to make a comment on it
B．was deeply impressed by his music
C．decided to free Steve from suffering
D．regretted offering help to her friend
解析：细节理解题。根据第十段的“‘It was beautiful，’ ...‘The music was worth saving.’”可知，听完他的演奏之后，Naomi被他的音乐深深地打动了，故本题答案为B。
答案：B
3．How can the process of Steve's recording be described
A．It was slow but productive.
B．It was beneficial to his health.
C．It was tiresome for Naomi.
D．It was vital for Naomi's career.
解析：细节理解题。根据第十二段中的“Naomi and Steve met ...his place.”及第十四段中的“Working with Naomi did ...one last song.”可知，音乐的录制过程缓慢，但是有成效。
答案：A
4．Before Steve finished “Melancholy Flower，” his wife Joni ________.
A．thought the music talent of Steve was exhausted
B．didn't expect the damage the disease brought about
C．didn't fully realize the value of her husband's music
D．brought her husband's music career to perfection
解析：推理判断题。根据第十五段的内容以及第十六段的倒数第一、二句可知，在Steve进行音乐创作时，他泄气过，甚至说过要放弃，而他的妻子Joni仍然鼓励他和表扬他，并称这会是他的“签名之作”。Joni认为这会是她丈夫最后的创作，表明Joni之前并没有完全认识到Steve的音乐的价值。
答案：C
5．How did Steve feel at the concert held in downtown Portland
A．He felt concerned about his illness.
B．He sensed a responsibility for music.
C．He regained his faith in music.
D．He got into a state of quiet.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后两段的内容尤其是倒数第二段中的“He told his family he was at peace.”可知，在音乐会上，他心情很平静。
答案：D
6．What can be a suitable title for the passage
A．The Kindness of Friends
B．The Power of Music
C．The Making of a Musician
D．The Value of Determination
解析：标题归纳题。文章讲述了一位父亲因患阿尔兹海默症而逐渐失去记忆，为了让这温暖的“独家音乐”不失传，众人努力拯救“独家音乐”的感人故事。因此B项适合作文章的标题。
答案：B
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
推理判断题的思维建模及应用(第4题)
C
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(一词多义)He struggled to explain what he heard in his head._____
②(熟词生义)Steve and Naomi spoke in musical code: lines, beats, intervals, moving from the root to end a song in a new key.____
③(熟词生义)He knew the path his life was now taking._____
努力
调
夺走
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①suffer from _____
②a keen lover of ________________
③get to know _________
④show willingness to _________
⑤take one's place _______________
⑥do wonders for _______________________________
患有
……的狂热爱好者
逐渐了解
愿意……
代替某人的位置
为……创造奇迹；对……产生奇效
⑦signature piece ____________
⑧figure out ____________
⑨in public _____________
⑩have a hard time (in) doing sth. _____________
at peace ____________
take the stage _____
标志性作品
弄清，想出
公开地，当众
做某事有困难
处于平静状态
登台
三、寻结构破长句
1．Music was his true passion, though he had never performed outside the family.
抓标志：从属连词_______
判类型：主句＋让步状语从句
试翻译：音乐是他真正的爱好， 。
though
尽管他从未在家庭之外表演过
2．The task was so hard, and Steve, angry and upset, said he was quitting.
抓标志：并列连词(第一个) ；被省略的连接词that
判类型：简单句＋并列连词＋复合句(含有一个宾语从句)
试翻译：这个任务如此难，史蒂夫既生气又沮丧，说 。
and
他要退出
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏结构之美)Attached was a recording, a recording of loss and love, of the fight.
赏析：句中过去分词Attached置于句首，句子采用了倒装形式，意在引起读者对附上的这段录音(关于失去和爱的录音、关于奋斗的录音)强烈的感情。有时为了强调，可将谓语部分，如现在分词、过去分词或不定式置于句首，从而构成倒装。
[对点练——完成句子]
① was an ancient village.
一个古老的村庄被埋在这沙土之中。
② was his wife.
正站在桌旁的是他的妻子。
③ are the following questions.
下列问题要仔细考虑。
Buried in the sands
Standing beside the table
To be carefully considered
2．(赏用词之美)Melissa, his daughter, felt it more than worthwhile to save his music, to which she fell asleep each night when she was young.
赏析：句中使用了save, fell asleep to (his music)，more than worthwhile等动词(短语)和形容词短语，准确生动地描述了Melissa对父亲的音乐的喜爱以及要把它保存下来的决心。
3．(赏修辞之美)The music was still in Steve Goodwin.It was hidden in rooms with doors about to be locked.
赏析：作者运用比喻的修辞手法，用rooms with doors about to be locked (一些即将上锁的房间)来描述Steve Goodwin的音乐的状态，形象地突出了挽救这位患阿尔兹海默症的老人的音乐的紧迫性。
比喻是根据事物之间的相似点，把某一事物比作另一事物，用浅显、具体、生动的事物来代替抽象、难理解的事物。比喻可分为明喻、隐喻、借喻等。明喻是直接在句子中使用like, as, as ...as ...等表示“像”的词语，来明确地比喻和描述。隐喻是用一种事物暗喻另一种事物，但不在句子中用like, as等表示“像”的词语，其主要特点是比喻的本体通过喻体的形式来表达。
[对点练——完成句子/翻译句子]
①Bricks covered the ground .
砖块就像秋天的红叶覆盖着地面。
②Time flies !
光阴似箭！
③“ ，” Granny used to say, “because every step shows.”
奶奶过去经常说：“人生就像在雪地里行走，因为每一步都能显现出来。”
like red leaves in autumn
like an arrow
Life is like walking in the snow
④He has a heart of stone.
他心如磐石。
⑤He is a walking dictionary.
他是一部活词典。
⑥A silver plate is rising up in the sky.
一轮皓月在天空升起。
“课下主题训练”见“课下主题训练（五）”
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谢 谢 观 看
