(共68张PPT)
[真题再做]
A．The more friends you make in your lifetime
B．The more time you spend in any given country
C．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D．Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E．It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F．Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G．It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了外出就餐时需要注意的一些重要的就餐礼节，并强调不同的国家有不同的就餐礼节。
1．选D 分析上下文语境可知，空处起承上启下的作用。空前提到“(不同)文化背景下的就餐礼节中的一些重要规则可能会让你感到惊讶”，空后提到“了解一些技巧将有助于确保你和朋友或家人愉快地用餐——无论你在世界的哪个地方”。分析选项可知，D项“不要被(人)发现在餐馆(用餐时)犯尴尬的错误”符合此处的语境，并能起到承上启下的作用。
2．选F 根据本段小标题和上文内容可知，空处也应是关于使用筷子的规则。F项“当你使用它们时，切勿将它们直立于你的食物中或把它们交叉(放置)”符合此处的语境，且选项中的them指代的是筷子(chopsticks)，与小标题和前文内容相呼应。
3．选C 根据本段小标题和上下文内容可知，空处应是以某个国家为例，介绍使用手或餐具来就餐的某条重要规则；再根据下文中的instead可知，空处内容应与后半句内容形成对比。根据后半句“(他们)反而更喜欢用他们的手”并分析选项可
知，C项“墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的”符合此处的语境。
4．选G 根据空后内容“In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills.”和本段小标题Making Requests可知，空处应是提及一个用餐时的请求，再结合because后的原因“因为这是在向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技术”可知，G项“吃饭时要盐和胡椒粉看似是一个简单的请求”符合此处的语境。
5．选B 根据下文中的“the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices”可知，空处也应是“the＋比较级”结构的句子，且根据下文句意“你就会开始对它的异国文化习俗感觉越得心应手”可知，B项“你在任何一个特定的国家待的时间越长”符合此处的语境。
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
段中句的思维建模及应用(第3题)
C
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(一词多义)The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions.______
②(熟词生义)In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills.____________________
③(一词多义)The more time you spend in any given country, the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices._______
操纵
加调料调味；加作料
特定的
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①dine out _________
②put ... down __________
③be parallel with __________
④prefer to do sth. __________
⑤ask for _________
⑥add ...to ... _________________
⑦get caught doing sth. _________________
⑧make a mess ___________
外出吃饭
把……放下
与……平行
偏爱做某事
要求得到
把……添加到……
被发现正在做某事
弄得一团糟
三、寻结构破长句
1．When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.
抓标志：从属连词 ；并列连词___
判类型：复合句(含有一个时间状语从句)＋并列连词＋简单句
试翻译： ，要放在一块儿，这样它们就和你面前的桌子边缘平行。
when
so
当你在吃的时候放下它们
2．Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries.
抓标志：并列连词____
判类型：简单句＋并列连词＋简单句
试翻译：这些文化饮食礼仪的规则的一些可能看起来随意和奇怪，________
。
but
但它们
在不同的国家都很重要
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant.
赏析：作者在这个祈使句里使用了动词短语get caught doing sth.(被发现正在做某事)以及形容词化的现在分词embarrassing(令人尴尬的)，语气强烈且形象准确地表达了了解外出就餐礼节的重要性。
[对点练——单句语法填空]
①Someone often got caught (mark) on ancient buildings.
②(2022·全国甲卷)From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was (amaze)．
marking
amazing
2．(赏结构之美)The more time you spend in any given country，the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
赏析：该句运用the more ..., the more ...句型(越……，就越……)生动说明了适应某个国家的文化习俗与你在这个国家待的时间之间的关系。该句型表示一方的程度随着另一方的变化而变化，其中前面的句子是状语从句，后面的句子是主句。the用在形容词或副词的比较级前。
[对点练——单句语法填空/翻译句子]
①The more dangerous the circumstances are, the (brave) we should be.
②他工作越努力，得到的就越多。
The harder he works, the more he gets.
braver
3．(赏衔接之美)It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal.In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
赏析：在意大利要求在食物中添加额外的奶酪这种做法与在葡萄牙吃饭时要盐和胡椒粉都属于严重的错误。运用副词similarly(相似地)进行衔接，强化了读者对这两种错误做法的认识。
“课下主题训练”见“课下主题训练（一）”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢 谢 观 看(共87张PPT)
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了杰西卡和丈夫通过当看房人来环球旅行的故事。在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。这对夫妇被接受作为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。
1．A.indoors B．online
C．single-handed D．full-time
解析：空后面一句提到：在过去的两年里，她和她的丈夫周游世界，从巴黎到新加坡，在每个地方停留。由此可知，这位25岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。indoors“室内”；online“在线地”；single-handed“单独地”；full-time“全职地”。
答案：D
2．A.game B．service
C．vacation D．procedure
解析：结合上文可知，杰西卡在环球旅行，所以这可能听起来像是漫长且昂贵的假期。game“游戏”；service“服务”；vacation“假期”；procedure“程序”。
答案：C
3．A.safe B．busy
C．helpful D．affordable
解析：此处指这听起来像是一个漫长且昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们负担得起旅行。safe“安全的”； busy“忙碌的”； helpful“有帮助的”； affordable“负担得起的”。
答案：D
4．A.local B．private
C．sharing D．agricultural
解析：后文提到他们免费住在陌生人家里，帮助提供房子的人看房子，所以此处指：他们是共享经济新形式的一部分：在线看房者。local“当地的”；private“私人的”；sharing“分享的”；agricultural“农业的”。
答案：C
5．A.strangers' B．parents'
C．co-workers' D．neighbors'
解析：根据上文可知，他们在环球旅行，所以是住在陌生人的家里。strangers'“陌生人的”；parents'“父母的”；co-workers'“同事的”； neighbors'“邻居的”。
答案：A
6．A.favor B．defense
C．honor D．absence
解析：他们是house sitters (临时雇来看房子的人)，所以应该是房子主人不在家，让他们看房子。此处指他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。favor“帮助”；defense“防御”；honor“荣誉”；absence“缺席”。
答案：D
7．A.plan B．explain
C．compare D．complete
解析：因为是环球旅行，并且还当看房人免费住在陌生人家里，所以此处指这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的日子。plan“计划”；explain“解释”；compare“比较”；complete“完成”。
答案：A
8．A.buy B．transport
C．choose D．please
解析：参见上题解析。buy“购买”；transport“运输”；choose“选择”；please“取悦”。
答案：D
9．A.support B．comfort
C．control D．attention
解析：后文提到像住在朋友家，所以此处指照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。support“支持”；comfort“舒适，安慰”；control“控制”；attention“注意”。
答案：B
10．A.cooking B．staying
C．waiting D．studying
解析：根据第二段的“Throughout their no-cost stays in ______homes”可知选B。 cook“烹饪”；stay“停留”；wait“等待”；study“学习”。
答案：B
11．A.success B．survival
C．growth D．unemployment
解析：第一段提到：在过去的两年里，她和她的丈夫周游世界，从巴黎到新加坡，在每个地方停留。由此可知，这对夫妇被接受作为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。success“成功”；survival“存活”；growth“生长”；unemployment“失业”。
答案：A
12．A.budget B．abilities
C．expectations D．understanding
解析：参见上题解析。budget“预算”；ability“能力”；expectation“期望”；understanding“理解”。
答案：C
13．A.admiring B．donating
C．sending D．borrowing
解析：因为杰西卡和她丈夫是临时雇来看房子的人，所以房子主人不在家。杰西卡就会发送大量宠物快乐的照片给宠物的主人。admire“钦佩”； donate“捐赠”；send“发送”；borrow“借来”。
答案：C
14．A.clean B．open
C．simple D．empty
解析：作为看房人，保持房子清洁是必要的，否则下次就很难成功成为看房人。clean“干净的”；open“开放的”；simple“简单的”；empty“空的”。
答案：A
15．A.guess B．decision
C．response D．impression
解析：上文提到，作为看房人，杰西卡发送大量宠物快乐的照片给房子的主人，保持房子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物，这样会让房主觉得他们做了正确的决定。guess“猜测”；decision“决定”；response“反应”；impression“印象”。
答案：B
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
生活常识和文化背景题的思维建模及应用(第4题)
C
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(一词多义)It might sound like one long, expensive vacation, but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel affordable._______
②(熟词生义)The two travelers carefully plan their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to please. ；_____
③(熟词生义)But house sitting also offers a level of comfort they can't find in a hotel.______
听起来
安排
取悦
照看
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①travel the globe _________
②the sharing economy _________
③house sitters _______
④in one's absence _________________
⑤a high success rate _________
⑥get accepted _______
⑦beyond one's expectations ______________
⑧head to _____
周游世界
共享经济
看房人
在某人不在的时候
高成功率
被接受
超出某人的期待
前往
三、寻结构破长句
1．It might sound like one long, expensive vacation, but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel affordable.
抓标志：并列连词____
判类型：简单句＋并列连词＋简单句
试翻译： ，但这对夫妇有一个不寻常的方法让他们能够负担得起旅行的费用。
but
这可能听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期
2．The couple has a high success rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner's expectations.
抓标志：并列连词____
判类型：简单句＋并列连词＋简单句
试翻译：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，而且__________________
。
and
他们总是超出房主
的预期
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)For Jessica, that means sending plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house clean and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house.
赏析：在去(heading to)下一家之前，发送(sending)大量宠物快乐生活的照片，保持房屋清洁(keeping the house clean)，留下(leaving)一份漂亮的小礼物。作者使用and连接的三个并列的动名词短语作宾语，描述了杰西卡夫妇为了让房东开心所做的事情，表达紧凑达意。大量形容词的使用使得表意饱满，读来情真意切。
[对点练——完成句子]
①It's wise of us to spend some time , which allows us to identify our strengths and weaknesses.
花些时间反思我们每天的学习活动是明智的，这会让我们发现自己的长处和短处。
②Don't click on unfamiliar links to from potential dangers. (keep＋宾语＋宾补)
不要点击不熟悉的链接，让自己远离潜在的危险。
reflecting on our everyday learning activities
keep yourself away
2．(赏逻辑之美)Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-old is doing it full-time.
赏析：前后两个句子所描述的情形，通过使用介词like和unlike形成鲜明对比。杰西卡把环游世界当做全职工作来做，这种与众不同的做法，能引起读者强烈的好奇心。
3．(赏修辞之美)“It's like staying at a friend's house，” Jessica says.
赏析：把通过帮别人看房子得到的居住机会比作住在朋友家，文章通过比喻的修辞手法生动描绘了杰西卡独辟蹊径而又乐在其中的生活状态，给读者留下深刻印象。
“课下主题训练”见“课下主题训练（二）”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢 谢 观 看(共71张PPT)
学案(三) 高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养
(2022·全国乙卷·阅读理解B篇)对接主题：小说、戏剧、诗歌、传记、文学简史、经典演讲、文学名著等
In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N．Y. — Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood — traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff's granddaughter.
Why did they go then Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken.
They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would
arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.
In Wickenden's book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls' decision to go to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed (牵涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy's return to Auburn.
Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top：“When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.”
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇书评。文章介绍了Dorothy Wickenden写的一部书的主要内容：两个富裕家庭长大的女孩子去落基山脉的一个村落当老师。她们住在当地人的家里，和他们一样过着艰辛的生活。
1．Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains
A．To teach in a school. B．To study American history.
C．To write a book. D．To do sightseeing.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“... traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse.”可知，她们去落基山脉的原因是去学校教学。
答案：A
2．What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3
A．They enjoyed much respect.
B．They had a room with a bathtub.
C．They lived with the local kids.
D．They suffered severe hardships.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段可知，两个女孩的生活环境很糟糕——几乎没有隐私、很少洗澡、早上被子上覆盖着雪、儿童被冻哭、春天道路泥泞，故她们在那里的生活是十分困苦的。
答案：D
3．Which part of Wickenden's writing is hair-raising
A．The extreme climate of Auburn.
B．The living conditions in Elkhead.
C．The railroad building in the Rockies.
D．The natural beauty of the West.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads ...”可知，Wickenden的作品中涉及落基山脉的铁路建设的部分令人毛骨悚然。
答案：C
4．What is the text
A．A news report. B．A book review.
C．A children's story. D．A diary entry.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的最后一句，第四段中的第一句和最后一段中的“Wickenden is a very good storyteller.”可推知，本篇文章是一则书评。
答案：B
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
推理判断题的思维建模及应用(第2题)
D
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(一词多义)A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms._____
②(熟词生义)The sweep of the land and the stoicism of the people move her to some beautiful writing. ；_____
③(一词多义)Then a full moon rose.___________
涉及
连绵弯曲的地带
促使
圆的；满的
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①hold together with string _______________
②do something useful ________________
③a blanket of snow _______
④wake up _____
⑤weep from the cold _____________
⑥be replaced by _____________
⑦end with ___________
用绳子绑在一起
做一些有用的事情
一层雪
醒来
因寒冷而哭泣
被……所取代
以……告终
三、寻结构破长句
1．They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning.
抓标志：从属连词______
判类型：主句＋时间状语从句
试翻译：她们搬到当地一个叫哈里森的家庭，和他们一样，几乎没有隐私，很少洗澡， 被子上盖着一层雪。
when
早上醒来时
2．In Wickenden's book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls' decision to go to Elkhead.
抓标志：关系代词______
判类型：主句＋定语从句
试翻译：在威肯登的书中，她扩展了西方的历史和女权主义，____________
。
which
这当然影响
了女孩们去埃尔克黑德的决定
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise.
赏析：穿着昂贵的(expensive)衣服的两位女孩与穿着用绳子绑起来的(were held together with string)鞋子的孩子之间对比鲜明的生活条件，解释了让这对朋友大吃一惊(a surprise)的原因。
[对点练——单句语法填空/完成句子]
①He always has ways of giving us surprise, such as making a joke or singing a song and so on.
②We can't be defeated as long as we .
只要我们团结起来，就不会被打败。
a
hold together
2．(赏意境之美)When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.
赏析：夕阳西下，洒下玫瑰色的光辉。一轮满月升起，雪地上只能看到狐狸、土狼、老鼠和各种野兔等小动物留下的痕迹。生活条件可能很艰苦，但是对于热爱生活的人来讲，它却从来不缺乏美。对于想做点有用的事的Dorothy Woodruff 和Rosamond Underwood来讲，更是如此。
“课下主题训练”见“课下主题训练（三）”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢 谢 观 看(共69张PPT)
背词条用法 (1)exist in 存在于……之中
exist on (＝live on) sth. 靠某物生存
there exist(s) ... 有……；存在……
(2)come into existence 产生；成立；开始存在
背写作佳句 ①There exists a good way to solve the existing problem at present.
目前有一个解决现存问题的好办法。
②No one knows when such a custom first came into existence.
没有人知道这种风俗是什么时候最先开始存在的。
学案(三) 高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养
2020·全国卷Ⅰ·阅读理解D篇——对接课标主题：地球与宇宙奥秘探索
The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further — changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. “We're thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day，” explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow (发光) in experiments using some common vegetables.
Strano's team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light, about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.
In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant's lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch” where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source (电源) — such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway — a lot of energy is lost during transmission (传输). Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了绿色植物对人类社会和工作效率的积极作用，同时还介绍了科学家们新开发的植物的不寻常的功能：检测地下水质和发光照明。
1．What is the first paragraph mainly about
A．A new study of different plants.
B．A big fall in crime rates.
C．Employees from various workplaces.
D．Benefits from green plants.
解析：段落大意题。根据第一段第二句及下文所举的两个例子可知，第一段主要介绍了绿色植物给人们带来的益处。
答案：D
2．What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineers
A．To detect plants' lack of water.
B．To change compositions of plants.
C．To make the life of plants longer.
D．To test chemicals in plants.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water”可知，A选项正确。
答案：A
3．What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future
A．They will speed up energy production.
B．They may transmit electricity to the home.
C．They might help reduce energy consumption.
D．They could take the place of power plants.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容尤其是最后一句“Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.”可推知，在未来，发光植物可能有助于减少能源消耗。
答案：C
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Can we grow more glowing plants
B．How do we live with glowing plants
C．Could glowing plants replace lamps
D．How are glowing plants made pollution-free
解析：标题归纳题。文章第一段点明了植物的积极作用；第二段是有关植物的其他方面的功能的研究；第三段说明最新的研究表明植物可以发光；第四段是有关将来要开发的一种用在植物叶子上的技术及研究植物发光是否可以“打开”和“关上”；第五段表述能量在传输中损失很多，或许发光植物可以解决这一问题。故C选项(发光的植物能代替路灯吗？)最能凸显本文主题。
答案：C
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
段落大意题的思维建模及应用(第1题)
C
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(熟词生义)We're thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day ..._____
②(一词多义)The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch” where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight._____
③(一词多义)Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US._____
改变
开发
消耗
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①be decorated with _______
②take ...a step further ________________
③in order to ____
④one-thousandth of ___________
装饰着
使得……更进一步
为了
千分之一的
⑤in the future _____
⑥be exposed to _____________
⑦account for ______
⑧remove from __________
⑨save energy _____
将来
暴露于；接触
占(比)
从……移除
节能
三、寻结构破长句
1．These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.
抓标志：关系代词 , ；并列连词 ；连接词______
判类型：主句＋定语从句(含有一个时间状语从句)＋并列连词＋并列的定语从句
试翻译：这些植物包括在叶子上印有传感器以显示它们何时缺水的植物，以及 。
that
that
and
when
可以检测地下水中有害化学物质的植物
2．The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch” where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.
抓标志：从属连词 , ______
判类型：主句＋地点状语从句＋时间状语从句(省略句)
试翻译：工程师们还试图开发一种开关， 。
where
when
使光线暴露在日光下就会减弱
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
赏析：在装饰(decorated)有室内植物的工作场所里，员工们的工作是富有成效的(productive)，作者使用了具体数据(15% more)增加了这种陈述的可信度。
[对点练——单句语法填空]
①Her favorite thing to draw was butterflies and her bedroom _________________
(decorate) with butterfly patterns.
②That evening, after several (product) hours of work, I could smell something cooking.
was decorated
productive
2．(赏意境之美)The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch” where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.
赏析：此句提到了一种想象中的开关，当遇到日光时，室内的亮度会减弱，说明了发光植物的节能作用并预测了其前景。展望未来，科技创新、探索精神是永恒的主题。
“课下主题训练”见“课下主题训练（四）”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢 谢 观 看(共71张PPT)
学案(三) 高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养
2022·全国甲卷·阅读理解D篇——对接课标主题：主要国家地理概况
Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there — broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.
Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.
“I'll miss these old boats，” he said as we parted.
“How do you mean？” I asked.
“Oh, they're replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they're not so elegant, and they're not fun to pilot. But that's progress, I guess.”
Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords (口号), and traditions
are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city's official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings.“Sydney is confused about itself，” she said.“We can't seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It's a conflict that we aren't getting any better at resolving (解决)．”
On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country，” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. We've got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It's a pretty hard combination to beat.”
He is right, but I can't help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。悉尼作为一座海港城市，发生着日新月异的变化，这对传统形成冲击。一些传统事物正逐渐被新兴事物所取代。
1．What is the first paragraph mainly about
A．Sydney's striking architecture.
B．The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C．The key to Sydney's development.
D．Sydney's tourist attractions in the 1960s.
解析：段落大意题。根据第一段的前两句以及最后一句“But it is the harbor that makes the city.”可知，正是海港造就了悉尼。因此本段主要讲述的是海港是悉尼发展的关键。
答案：C
2．What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds
A．He goes to work by boat.
B．He looks forward to a new life.
C．He pilots catamarans well.
D．He is attached to the old ferries.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I'll miss these old boats”以及第五段中的“Oh, they're replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they're not so elegant, and they're not fun to pilot.”可知，Andrew Reynolds并不希望渡船被双体船取代，由此可知Andrew Reynolds喜欢老式渡船。
答案：D
3．What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney
A．It is losing its traditions.
B．It should speed up its progress.
C．It should expand its population.
D．It is becoming more international.
解析：观点态度题。根据第六段中的“Shirley Fitzgerald ...better at resolving.”可知，Shirley Fitzgerald认为悉尼匆忙奔向现代化，使得它正在失去原本的传统。
答案：A
4．Which statement will the author probably agree with
A．A city can be young and old at the same time.
B．A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C．Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D．Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的第一句“On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions.”可知，一座兼具新旧的城市有其魅力。再结合倒数第二段中的“We've got a foundation ... to beat.”和最后一段中的“He is right”可推断出，作者赞同Anthony的观点，认为一座城市年轻和古老可以并存。
答案：A
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
观点态度题的思维建模及应用(第3题)
A
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(一词多义)But it is the harbor that makes the city._______________
②(一词多义)Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living._____
③(熟词生义)After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city. ；____
④(熟词生义)We've got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It's a pretty hard combination to beat.__________
使成功；使圆满
驾驶
航行
间歇
冲劲；干劲
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①in the early 1960s ___________________
②sort of _____________________
③shuttle back and forth _________
④shut down _____
⑤replace ...with ... _______________
在20世纪60年代早期
有几分地；到某种程度
来回穿梭
关闭
用……替代……
⑥sweep aside ___________________
⑦be confused about _______________
⑧make up one's mind _________
⑨ancient cultures _________
⑩can't help doing sth. ____________
不予理会；堆到一边
对……感到困惑
下定决心
古代文化
禁不住做某事
三、寻结构破长句
1．After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.
抓标志：并列连词____
判类型：简单句＋并列连词＋简单句
试翻译：第三次航行后，安德鲁关掉了引擎，我们就各奔东西了——______
。
and
他去
吃午饭，我去探索这个城市
2．What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2 000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3 000 years, and the Chinese more still.
抓标志：连接词 , ；从属连词_____
判类型：主语从句＋表语从句(含有一个时间状语从句)
试翻译： ，他们带来了2 000年的文化，希腊人带来了大约3 000年的文化，而中国人更多。
what
that
when
人们忘记的是，当意大利人来到澳大利亚时
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there — broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population.
赏析：宽阔的公园、美丽的海滩和文化多样化的人口，这些本来就存在的东西被一个接一个发现。作者用broad，superb，culturally diverse等形容词(短语)和one after another描绘了悉尼这座城市得天独厚的条件，让读者对这座城市有了一个形象的认知，为下文表达主题做好了铺垫。
[对点练——完成句子]
①Bill for before came across his face.
比尔在脸上露出灿烂的笑容前，呆呆地站了一会儿。
②With the development of the Chinese Internet industry, they have more access to .
随着中国互联网产业的发展，他们有更多的机会接触到多样化的国际信息和文化。
③ , and night eventually fell.
一个又一个小时过去了，夜幕终于降临了。
stood frozen
a little while
a broad smile
diverse international information and culture
Hours passed one after another
2．(赏意境之美)Shirley Fitzgerald, the city's official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings.
赏析：在20世纪70年代的现代化进程中，悉尼抛弃了很多过去的东西，包括许多最漂亮的建筑。用rush描述这一进程，用短语sweep aside描述悉尼对待过去的东西的做法，一座城市为了快速发展，将很多好的建筑和过往遗弃的情景扑面而至。
“课下主题训练”见“课下主题训练（五）”
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谢 谢 观 看
