(共65张PPT)
比较 ①___________________ his laziness, he was fired.
②________________ , he got the first place in this grade exam.
辨清 as a consequence意思是“因而，结果”，强调的是结果； as a consequence of意思是“由于……，因为……”，强调的是原因。
学案(三) 高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养
2018·全国卷Ⅲ·阅读理解C篇——对接课标主题：绘画、建筑等领域的代表性作品和人物
While famous foreign architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts, many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage.
Their efforts have been proven fruitful. Wang Shu, a 49-year-old Chinese architect, won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize — which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture — on February 28. He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award.
Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art (CAA). His office is located at the Xiangshan campus (校园) of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Many buildings on the campus are his original creations.
The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities. Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types. The curves (曲线) of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view.
Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages. He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors. This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements (元素)．
Wang's works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions. Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture, said Tadao Ando, the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize.
Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums.“That is only evidence that traditions once existed，” he said.
“Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions. They think tradition means old things from the past. In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created，” he said.
“Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions. Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are，” said Wang.
The study of traditions should be combined with practice. Otherwise, the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty, he said.
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了2012年度建筑界的最高奖项——普利兹克奖的获得者王澍及其作品的风格和他对建筑艺术创新的体会。
1．Wang's winning of the prize means that Chinese architects are________.
A．following the latest world trend
B．getting international recognition
C．working harder than ever before
D．relying on foreign architects
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，中国49岁的建筑师王澍获得了建筑界的诺贝尔奖——普利兹克奖，说明中国的建筑设计师赢得了国际的认同和肯定。
答案：B
2．What impressed visitors to the CAA Xiangshan campus most
A．Its hilly environment. B．Its large size.
C．Its unique style. D．Its diverse functions.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities.”和“The curves (曲线) of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view.”可知，杭州香山学院的建筑设计风格独特，给人留下了深刻印象。
答案：C
3．What made Wang's architectural design a success
A．The mixture of different shapes.
B．The balance of East and West.
C．The use of popular techniques.
D．The harmony of old and new.
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句和第六段第二句中的“Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture”可知，传统与现代元素的和谐共存是王澍建筑设计成功的秘诀。
答案：D
4．What should we do about Chinese traditions according to Wang
A．Spread them to the world.
B．Preserve them at museums.
C．Teach them in universities.
D．Recreate them in practice.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句中“be combined with practice”和第二句中“the recreation of traditions”可知，王澍认为应该结合实践对传统进行再创新。
答案：D
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
推理判断题的思维建模及应用(第4题)
D
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(一词多义)Their efforts have been proven fruitful.___________
②(一词多义)Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums. _____
③(熟词生义)Otherwise, the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty, he said._______
成果丰硕的
密封
空洞的
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①landmark buildings ________
②make great efforts _____________
③take the center stage _____________
④be referred to as _______
⑤be located at _____
地标建筑
做出巨大努力
成为中心人物
被称为
位于
⑥original creations _____
⑦show a deep understanding of _________
⑧have a good knowledge of ___________
⑨tend to _____________
⑩be combined with _______________
原创
深刻理解
精通；通晓
倾向于；趋于
与……结合/联合
三、寻结构破长句
1．In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created ...
抓标志：关系代词 , ；并列连词____
判类型：主句＋定语从句＋并列的定语从句
试翻译：事实上，传统也指 东西……
that
that
and
那些一直在发展和仍在被创造的
2．Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are ...
抓标志：连接词_____
判类型：主句＋宾语从句
试翻译：许多人在谈论传统时往往不知道 ……
what
它们到底是什么
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏结构之美)Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions.
赏析：rather than意为“而不是；宁可……也不愿”，是一个常用的固定结构，表示“取舍关系”，rather than之后的部分为“舍”。王澍使用rather than指出了当今时代很多中国建筑师舍弃中国传统而学习西方的风格和理论的不当做法，令人深思。
[对点练——完成句子]
①I come here to help you .
我到这里是来帮助你的，不是来伤害你的。
②We would start the work at once .
我们宁愿立即开始工作而不是把它留到第二天。
③My father would work harder .
我的父亲宁可工作更辛苦些也不愿拒绝帮助别人。
rather than refuse to help others
rather than leave it for the next day
rather than to harm you
2．(赏用词之美)Wang's works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions.
赏析：句中两个短语(a deep understanding of，a good knowledge of)的运用有效地增强了表达的厚重感，deep和good两个形容词也恰当地体现了王澍的作品优于常人。巧妙运用短语、形容词和副词，可以有效增加句子的表达效果。
“课下主题训练”见“课下主题训练（一）”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢 谢 观 看(共70张PPT)
学案(三) 高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养
(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读理解B篇)对接课标主题：小说、戏剧、诗歌、传记、文学简史、经典演讲、文学名著等
We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools. Many young people don't even realize it's new. For them, it's just normal.
This hit_home_for_me as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday. I had brought a children's book to read. It had simple words and colorful pictures — a perfect match for his age.
Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he can see the pictures. As I read, he reaches out and pokes (戳) the page with his finger.
What's up with that He just likes the pictures, I thought. Then I turned the page and continued. He poked the page even harder. I nearly dropped the book. I was confused: Is there something wrong with this kid
Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He thought my storybook was like that.
Sorry, kid. This book is not part of your high-tech world. It's an outdated, lifeless thing. An antique, like your grandfather. Well, I may be old, but I'm not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I've even built websites.
There's one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I've spent little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio. But that didn't stop China Daily from asking me last week to share a personal story for a video project about the integration of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province.
Anyway, grandpa is now an internet star — two minutes of fame! I promise not to let it go to my head. But I will make sure my 2-year-old grandson sees it on his tablet.
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经是一名记者，在春节期间，作者给孙子拿了一本儿童读物，孙子却以为是平板电脑，不停地戳书。
1．What do the underlined words “hit home for me” mean in paragraph 2
A．Provided shelter for me.
B．Became very clear to me.
C．Took the pressure off me.
D．Worked quite well on me.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段可知，作者是记者，生活在一个讲故事的新时代，有许多新的多媒体工具。许多年轻人甚至没有意识到它是新的。对他们来说，这很正常。含有画线词语的句子承接上文，表示“而在春节假期，我和我两岁的孙子坐在沙发上时，尤其清楚地认识到了这一点”。故画线词语意思是“我很清楚”。
答案：B
2．Why did the kid poke the storybook
A．He took it for a tablet computer.
B．He disliked the colorful pictures.
C．He was angry with his grandpa.
D．He wanted to read it by himself.
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“He was actually a stranger ... storybook was like that.”可知，那个孩子戳故事书是因为他把它当成了平板电脑。
答案：A
3．What does the author think of himself
A．Socially ambitious. B．Physically attractive.
C．Financially independent. D．Digitally competent.
解析：细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Well, I may be old, but ...even built websites.”可知，作者认为自己懂数字技术。
答案：D
4．What can we learn about the author as a journalist
A．He lacks experience in his job.
B．He seldom appears on television.
C．He manages a video department.
D．He often interviews internet stars.
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“There's one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I've spent little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio.”可知，作者作为一名记者很少上电视。
答案：B
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
词义猜测题的思维建模及应用(第1题)
B
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(一词多义)We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools._____
②(熟词生义)Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he can see the pictures. _____
时代
想象
③(一词多义)It had simple words and colorful pictures — a perfect match for his age.______________
④(一词多义)There's one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I've spent little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio.
___________
相配的人(或物)
隔阂；差距
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①hit home ___________________
②reach out ______________
③amuse sb. with sth. _________________
④be loaded with _____
⑤come alive ___________________
一语中的；深刻认识
接触；伸手去够
用某事逗某人开心
装满
活跃起来；栩栩如生
⑥mobile payment _________
⑦in front of _____________
⑧stop ... from ... _________
⑨go to one's head __________________
⑩make sure _____
移动支付
在……的前面
阻止……
冲昏了头；得意扬扬
确保
三、寻结构破长句
1．Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he can see the pictures.
抓标志：从属连词 ; 并列连词___
判类型：复合句(含有一个时间状语从句)＋并列连词＋简单句
试翻译：想象一下：我的孙子坐在我的腿上，__________________________
。
as
so
当我把书放在他面前，这样
他就可以看到图片了
2．His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them.
抓标志：关系代词 , ；从属连词_____
判类型：主句＋定语从句(含有一个定语从句和一个时间状语从句)
试翻译：他的父亲经常用一台装有彩色图片的平板电脑逗他开心，________
。
which
that
when
当你戳它
们的时候，这些图片就会变得栩栩如生
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)Anyway, grandpa is now an internet star — two minutes of fame! I promise not to let it go to my head.
赏析：作者使用了two minutes of fame和go to my head幽默诙谐地表达了“我”作为一位老年人，对自己能跟上时代潮流的自豪感，体现了作者善于分析、冷静思考的性格特点。
2．(赏意境之美)Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he can see the pictures. As I read, he reaches out and pokes the page with his finger.
赏析：孙子坐在爷爷的腿上，爷爷翻着书，孙子伸出手，用手指戳书页。一系列动作描写活灵活现地描述了爷爷带孙子看书的场景，画面感极强，虽然相互“不懂”，但是其乐融融。
3．(赏修辞之美)An antique, like your grandfather.
赏析：作者用明喻的修辞手法，把带孙子看的那本书比作一件古董，一件像自己一样的古董。文章生动形象地描述了作者作为一位老年人对高科技时代生活的反思，以及自己运用高科技的丰富经历。因为不理解孙子的需求而自嘲为“古董”，是出于爱；积极接受并利用高科技，是为紧跟时代步伐的人生追求。
[对点练——翻译句子/完成句子]
①Richard walked up and down the aside in the hospital, like a cat on hot bricks, when his father was having an operation.
当理查德的父亲在医院里动手术时，他像热锅上的蚂蚁一样在旁边走来走去。
②(2022·全国乙卷)Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot.
配备了先进的传感器和人工智能的小型无人机可以 在前面引导火车前进。
像副驾驶员一样
“课下主题训练”见“课下主题训练（二）”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢 谢 观 看(共65张PPT)
ashamed
shameful
shameless
disappointment
disappointing
disappointed
disappoint
背词条用法 (1)be/feel ashamed of ... 对……感到惭愧/羞耻
be ashamed to do sth. 耻于做某事
(2)It's a shame that ... 真遗憾……
背写作佳句 ①Some people should be ashamed of themselves for destroying the environment.
一些人应该为破坏环境而感到羞耻。
②It's a shame that I should have made such a stupid mistake.
真遗憾，我竟然犯了这样愚蠢的错误。
背相关短语 get into the habit of 养成……的习惯
get across (to sb.) (使)通过；(使)被理解；(把……)讲清楚
get away 逃脱；离开
get over 越过；克服(困难)；痊愈
背写作佳句 ①Since I entered senior high school, I have got into the habit of reading more.
自从我进入高中，我已经养成了多读的习惯。
②We must get over our shortcomings and mistakes in our work.
我们必须克服工作上的缺点和错误。
背相关短语 (1)at risk 遭受危险；处境危险
at the risk of ... 冒着……的危险
run the risk (of doing sth.) 冒着(做某事的)危险
(2)risk doing sth. 冒险做某事；冒……的危险
risk one's life to do sth. 冒着生命危险做某事
背写作佳句 ①We have the courage to meet challenges and take risks in our life, which helps to realize our dreams.
在生活中，我们有勇气迎接挑战、敢于冒险，这有助于实现我们的梦想。
②He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn't risk losing the good opportunity.
他为工作面试做好了充分的准备，因为他不能冒失去这次好机会的风险。
学案(三) 高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养
2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ·阅读理解D篇——对接课标主题：健康的生活方式、积极的生活态度
According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions (份), it's the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.
To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly (表面上) participate in a study about movie viewership. Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack. An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first. In her natural state, the actor weighed 105 pounds. But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.
Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food. The participants followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have. However, they took significantly more when the actor was thin.
For the second test, in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls. In the other case, she took 30 pieces. The results were similar to the first test: the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.
The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when we're making decisions. If this fellow participant is going to eat more, so will I. Call it the “I'll have what she's having” effect. However, we'll adjust the influence. If an overweight person is having a large portion, I'll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin person eats a lot, I'll follow suit. If he can eat much and keep slim, why can't I？
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，与你一同进食的同伴会影响你的饮食习惯，想要减肥的人应当避免同食量大的瘦人一起进食。
1．What is the recent study mainly about
A．Food safety. B．Movie viewership.
C．Consumer demand. D．Eating behavior.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，《消费者研究杂志》最近的一项研究表明，我们的饮食同伴的体型和饮食习惯都会影响我们的食物摄入量，而且要避免同食量大的瘦人一起进食，这表明这项最新研究主要是关于饮食行为的。
答案：D
2．What does the underlined word “beanpoles” in paragraph 1 refer to
A．Big eaters. B．Overweight persons.
C．Picky eaters. D．Tall thin persons.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段中的画线词所在句可知，研究表明，与现存的研究发现(应该避免和食量大的胖人一起吃饭)相反，你真正需要避开的是胃口大的又高又瘦的人。根据“contrary to”可知，画线词与heavier people 含义相反。
答案：D
3．Why did the researchers hire the actor
A．To see how she would affect the participants.
B．To test if the participants could recognize her.
C．To find out what she would do in the two tests.
D．To study why she could keep her weight down.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，为了验证社交对饮食习惯的影响，研究人员进行了两个实验；再结合下文介绍的两个实验可知，聘用演员参加实验旨在查看演员对参加实验的人的饮食习惯的影响。
答案：A
4．On what basis do we “adjust the influence” according to the last paragraph
A．How hungry we are.
B．How slim we want to be.
C．How we perceive others.
D．How we feel about the food.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“If this fellow participant ...his eating habits.”可知，我们对自己饮食的调整是以分析他人的饮食习惯和结果(即如何看待他人)为基础的。
答案：C
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
细节理解题的思维建模及应用(第1题)
D
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(一词多义)To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments._____
②(一词多义)Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack._____
③(熟词生义)The participants followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have.________________________
实施
要求
(扑克牌中)所有同花色的牌
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①contrary to ___________
②participate in _____
③help oneself to _____________
④in her natural state _________________
⑤a large amount of _______
与……相反
参加
自便；随便吃
在她的自然状态下
大量的
⑥follow suit _______
⑦be similar to ___________
⑧make decisions _________
⑨hold back a bit _________
⑩keep slim _________
跟着做
与……相似
做出决定
稍作保留
保持苗条
三、寻结构破长句
1．The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when we're making decisions.
抓标志：连接词 ; 从属连词______
判类型：主句＋宾语从句(含有一个时间状语从句)
试翻译：测试表明， 。
that
when
社会环境在我们做决定时具有极大的影响
2．If an overweight person is having a large portion, I'll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits.
抓标志：从属连词 , ________
判类型：条件状语从句＋主句＋原因状语从句
试翻译： ，我会克制一点，因为我看到了他饮食习惯的结果。
if
because
如果一个超重的人吃了很多
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)The participants followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have.
赏析：作者使用了followed suit和normally准确描述了实验中共同进餐的人对对方的影响——参与者也照做了，吃了比正常情况下更多的食物。
[对点练——单句语法填空/完成句子]
①Sundays are simple for me. I (normal) go to my grandparents' farm and feed chickens, cows and pigs.
②He has an excellent ability to convince others to .
他有很强的能力说服别人效仿。
normally
follow suit
2．(赏意境之美)If an overweight person is having a large portion, I'll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits.
赏析：一位超重的人(an overweight person)，吃着大份的食物，共同进餐的人看到后会考虑自己这样做的后果。这样的画面感、代入感，使读者自然产生联想：如果一起进餐的人是自己，会不会因此而稍加控制(hold back a bit)呢？
3．(赏修辞之美)If he can eat much and keep slim, why can't I
赏析：作者用反问的修辞手法结束整篇文章，用否定形式反问表示肯定，只问不答，答案暗含在反问句中——想要减肥的人应当避免同食量大的瘦人一起进食。态度鲜明，发人深思，增强了文章的气势和说服力。
“课下主题训练”见“课下主题训练（三）”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢 谢 观 看(共63张PPT)
背写作佳句 ①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)She has a mental toughness that did not come about by chance.
她有一种坚韧不拔的精神，这并非偶然产生的。
②When we surf the Internet, we often come across such English words as “ASAP” and “AFK”．
上网时，我们常会遇到像“ASAP”和“AFK”这样的英语单词。
学案(三) 高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养
2020·全国卷Ⅱ·阅读理解C篇——对接课标主题：人类生存、社会发展与环境的关系
When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list, fur probably didn't cross your mind. But some ecologists and fashion (时装) enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria (海狸鼠)．
Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles. “It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur — unless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year，” says Cree McCree, project director of Righteous Fur.
Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail. Some of the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.
Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild. “The ecosystem down there can't handle this non-native species (物种). It's destroying the environment.It's them or us，” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.
The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades, but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s, the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana. He says it's not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. Hunters bring in more than 300,000 nutria tails a year, so part of Mouton's job these days is trying to promote fur.
Then there's Righteous Fur and its unusual fashions. Model Paige Morgan says, “To give people a guilt-free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them — I think that's going to be a massive thing, at least here in New York.” Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable. She's trying to come up with a label to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-friendly.
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章以新奥尔良和布鲁克林两地的时装秀为载体，倡导人们穿海狸鼠皮做的衣服，因为海狸鼠会破坏生态环境，会对环境造成威胁。
1．What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn
A．To promote guilt-free fur.
B．To expand the fashion market.
C．To introduce a new brand.
D．To celebrate a winter holiday.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur ... It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur ... every year”可知，时装秀的意图是推销无罪恶感的毛皮衣服。
答案：A
2．Why are scientists concerned about nutria
A．Nutria damage the ecosystem seriously.
B．Nutria are an endangered species.
C．Nutria hurt local cat-sized animals.
D．Nutria are illegally hunted.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year”以及第四段中的“The ecosystem ... It's destroying the environment.”可知，因为海狸鼠破坏湿地进而破坏了环境，所以科学家对它们很担心。
答案：A
3．What does the underlined word “collapsed” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Boomed. B．Became mature.
C．Remained stable. D．Crashed.
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades”可知，几十年来，毛皮贸易使海狸鼠(的数量)处于控制之下。根据画线词后的“the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy”可知，这种像猫一样大小的动物疯狂地繁殖。由此可推知，20世纪80年代末海狸鼠市场瘫痪了。collapse的意思应是“崩溃”。
答案：D
4．What can we infer about wearing fur in New York according to Morgan
A．It's formal. B．It's risky.
C．It's harmful. D．It's traditional.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“To give people a guilt-free option ... at least here in New York.”可知，在纽约，穿毛皮衣服具有风险性。
答案：B
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
词义猜测题的思维建模及应用(第3题)
D
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(一词多义)When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list, fur probably didn't cross your mind.
___________
②(熟词生义)“...It's destroying the environment. It's them or us，” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field._____
③(熟词生义)He says it's not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it._______
掠过；出现
领域
环保的
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①bring back ___________
②be concerned about _____
③end up __________________
④let go into the wild _________
⑤in check _________
使……恢复
担心
最终成为；最后处于
放归野外
受控制的
⑥bring in ___________
⑦throw paint on ___________
⑧come around to ____________
⑨come up with ___________
带来；引进
涂漆；反对
转变过来同意
想出；提出
三、寻结构破长句
1．The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades, but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s, the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
抓标志：并列连词 ；从属连词______
判类型：简单句＋并列连词＋复合句(含一个时间状语从句)
试翻译：毛皮贸易数十年来让海狸鼠受到了控制，但____________________
，这种像猫一样大小的动物疯狂繁殖。
but
when
当海狸鼠市场在20世纪
80年代末崩溃时
2．Hunters bring in more than 300,000 nutria tails a year, so part of Mouton's job these days is trying to promote fur.
抓标志：并列连词__
判类型：简单句＋并列连词＋简单句
试翻译： ，所以Mouton现在的部分工作就是推广海狸鼠的毛皮。
so
猎人每年带回30多万条海狸鼠尾巴
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏结构之美)Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable.
赏析：作者用“it took her a while to come around to the opinion that ...”表达“意识到使用海狸鼠毛皮在道德上是可以接受的”花了设计师Jennifer Anderson一段时间，这种思考突出了设计师的环保意识。用that引导的同位语从句叙述了她想法的具体内容。整个句子结构清晰、内容丰富。
[对点练——完成句子]
① the courage to tell her mother.
她用了整整一个月的时间才鼓起勇气告诉了母亲。
② to fully recover from the hurt
他将要多久才能完全从伤痛中恢复过来？
③It took him a long time .
他花了很长时间才接受了他的宠物狗丢失的事实。
It took her a full month to gather
How long will it take him
to accept the fact that his pet dog was missing
2．(赏用词之美)The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades, but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s, the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
赏析：本句用kept nutria in check(海狸鼠一直受到控制)，collapsed(崩溃)和multiplied like crazy(疯狂繁殖)准确描述了海狸鼠毛皮贸易崩溃之后，这种像猫一样大小的动物数量大量增加的状况。
3．(赏意境之美)When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list, fur probably didn't cross your mind.
赏析：通过从句中使用were trying to figure out(想要弄清)，主句中使用fur probably didn't cross your mind(毛皮制品可能不会掠过你的脑海)等表达方式勾勒出在购物的时候考虑环保因素的人物形象。句子采用第二人称，更容易引起读者的共鸣。
“课下主题训练”见“课下主题训练（四）”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢 谢 观 看(共67张PPT)
背词条用法 (1)guarantee to do sth. 保证做某事
guarantee sb. sth. 保证某人某事
(2)under guarantee 在保修期内
give sb. a guarantee that ... 向某人保证……
背写作佳句 ①I guarantee to follow their examples to take my own responsibility to be a reliable person in the future.
我保证会以他们为榜样，承担起自己的责任，将来成为一个值得信赖的人。
②The car is less than a year old, and therefore still under guarantee.
这辆车用了不到一年，因此还在保修期内。
学案(三) 高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养
2020·浙江1月高考·阅读理解B篇——对接课标主题：人类生存、社会发展与环境的关系
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is road testing a new way to keep winter roads ice-free — by spreading on them cheese brine, the salty liquid used to make soft cheeses, like mozzarella.
Wisconsin, also called “America's Dairyland”， is famous for its cheese. The state produced 2.8 billion pounds of cheese last year! As a result, there was a lot of leftover cheese brine. Disposing of (处置) the brine can be expensive. So what should cheese makers do with the waste
Normally, towns use rock salt to de-ice streets. The salt lowers water's freezing point, causing ice to melt (融化). But using cheese brine could help both cheese producers and cities save money, while keeping roads safe. Cheese brine has salt in it, which, like the rock salt, helps lower water's freezing point.
In addition to saving money, cheese brine could also be a more eco-friendly option. Many people suspect that all the rock salt used every winter is harming the environment.
Rock salt is made of sodium chloride, the same compound (化合物) in ordinary table salt. Sounds harmless, right But while you probably add only a small amount of salt to your food, road crews spread about 20 million tons of salt on U．S. roads every year!
The chemical washes off roads and goes into the ground. There it can pollute drinking water, harm plants, and eat away soil. By spreading cheese brine on streets before adding a layer of rock salt, Milwaukee may be able to cut its rock salt use by 30 percent.
Cheese brine has a downside too — a smell similar to that of bad milk. “I don't really mind it，” Emil Norby told Modern Farmer magazine. He works for one of Wisconsin's county highway commissions and came up with the idea of using cheese brine. “Our roads smell like Wisconsin！” he said.
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国威斯康星州的密尔沃基市用剩余的奶酪盐水为道路除冰，并通过与传统的岩盐除冰的对比，阐述了奶酪盐水除冰这种新方法的利与弊。
1．Why can cheese brine help keep winter roads ice-free
A．It is soft. B．It contains salt.
C．It is warm. D．It has milk in it.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“cheese brine, the salty liquid used to make soft cheeses”和第三段的“Cheese brine has salt in it, which，like the rock salt, helps lower water's freezing point.”可知，因为奶酪盐水含有盐，所以可以被用来除冰。
答案：B
2．What is a benefit of using cheese brine on roads
A．Improving air quality.
B．Increasing sales of rock salt.
C．Reducing water pollution.
D．Saving the cheese industry.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的“cheese brine could also be a more eco-friendly option”和第六段的“There it can pollute drinking water，harm plants, and eat away soil.”可推断，利用奶酪盐水来除冰更加环保，比用其他化学制品更能够减少对水的污染。
答案：C
3．Milwaukee's new way to de-ice streets may be an example of ________.
A．barking up the wrong tree
B．putting the cart before the horse
C．robbing Peter to pay Paul
D．killing two birds with one stone
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的“But using cheese brine ...keeping roads safe.”和第四段的“In addition to saving money, cheese brine could also be a more eco-friendly option.”可知，利用奶酪盐水来除冰是一举两得的事情，既能够省钱，做到废物再利用，同时又能够比其他化学制品更加环保。killing two birds with one stone“一石二鸟”。
答案：D
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
推理判断题的思维建模及应用(第2题)
C
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的意思)
①(一词多义)The salt lowers water's freezing point, causing ice to melt._____
②(熟词生义)By spreading cheese brine on streets before adding a layer of rock salt, Milwaukee may be able to cut its rock salt use by 30 percent._____
③(一词多义)“Our roads smell like Wisconsin！” he said._______
降低
削减
闻起来
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①keep winter roads ice-free __________________
②be famous for _____________
③dispose of _____
④freezing point _____
⑤a more eco-friendly option _________________
保持冬季道路不结冰
因……而出名
处理
冰点
一个更环保的选择
⑥be made of ___________
⑦add ... to ... ______________
⑧wash off _____
⑨eat away _____
⑩a layer of _____
come up with _____
由……制成
添加……到……
冲洗
侵蚀
一层
提出
三、寻结构破长句
1．Cheese brine has salt in it, which, like the rock salt, helps lower water's freezing point.
抓标志：关系代词______
判类型：主句＋定语从句(含插入成分 like the rock salt)
试翻译：奶酪盐水中含有盐，像岩盐一样， 。
which
这种盐有助于降低水的冰点
2．Many people suspect that all the rock salt used every winter is harming the environment.
抓标志：连接词_____
判类型：主句＋宾语从句(含有过去分词短语作定语)
试翻译：许多人怀疑 。
that
每年冬天使用的岩盐都在危害环境
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)There it can pollute drinking water, harm plants, and eat away soil.
赏析：作者用pollute(污染)，harm(伤害)，eat away(侵蚀)全面、准确地描述了使用岩盐给环境带来的影响。
[对点练——单句语法填空]
①With exhaust emissions growing fast and the environment severely _________
(pollute), rubbish classification is the most effective solution to the problem.
②(2021·全国乙卷)Staring at the screen is (harm) to our eyes.
polluted
harmful
2．(赏意境之美)But while you probably add only a small amount of salt to your food, road crews spread about 20 million tons of salt on U．S.roads every year!
赏析：公路工作人员在美国的公路上每年撒下大约2 000万吨盐，通过连词while与生活饮食中人们少量添加食盐形成鲜明对比，给读者留下深刻印象。
3．(赏修辞之美)Our roads smell like Wisconsin!
赏析：句中作者把路上闻到的味道说成像威斯康星州(Wisconsin)，借用与这种奶酪味道密切相关的Wisconsin来代替路上闻到的味道。这种借喻的修辞手法，突出事物的本质特征，增强语言的形象性，文笔简洁精练，语言富于变化和幽默感。
“课下主题训练”见“课下主题训练（五）”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢 谢 观 看
