黑龙江省齐齐哈尔八校联考2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题（含解析，无听力部分）

齐齐哈尔八校联考2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试
英语试题
(考试时间：120分钟 满分150分)
注意事项：
1、本试题卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2、答题前，考生在答题卡上务必使用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并贴好条形码。请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。
3、每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，在试题卷上作答无效。
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Assistant Dog Minder needed for small Doggie Day Care
We look after dogs in West London - Hounslow. An assistant dog minder is needed at our Day Care Centre to play games train and entertain dogs actively and lively all the time. Please bear in mind this is a physically demanding job. The right person will have the opportunity to get a dog first aid and dog training courses. This position starts with a 1 month trial period and possibly it will be a permanent position.
Requirements:
- Be over 18 and speak fluent English;
- Be 100% reliable and punctual;
- Really LOVE dogs;
- Be Not allergic to animals;
- Be comfortable outdoors under any weather condition, especially when raining/windy;
- Be comfortable with cleaning up after dogs;
- Be a keen phone photographer and enjoy keeping clients up to date about the well-being of their pet(s)
- Be available at least 2 fixed days per week;
Opening Time: 11:00-15:00 (You will work as a self-employed basis.)
Part-time hours: Up to 20 per week according to flexible schedule
Job Types: Part-time
Salary: 10~ 25/hour (Being paid weekly)
Benefits:
●On-site parking
●Training provided
●Dog First Aid Course paid for
Please send your CV and write a cover letter with a few sentences about your experience with dogs and also a bit about yourself. Please confirm that you are non-smokers; without this, your application is not considered.
1. What do we know about the assistant dog minder’s job
A. It provides flexible working hours. B. It’s mentally challenging.
C. It has a three-month trial period. D. Its payment is made every month.
2. What is required when you apply to be an assistant dog minder
A. Having a comfortable pet house.
B. Completing given training sessions.
C. Enjoying the outdoors in any weather.
D. Acquiring excellent photography skills.
3. If a dog minder works 20 hours this week, how much can he earn at most
A. 200 B. 300 C. 400 D. 500
B
It was bad enough when COVID- 19 closed schools in Philadelphia, US, in March. Like a lot of students, Makyla Linder, 16, found herself getting bored. So she started watching baking videos and shows on TV and online. Soon, she started baking on her own.
Cupcakes and chocolate-covered strawberries were her first creations.
“I tried them on my friends when they came to my house,” Linder sad. “I also tried them on my family. They said my creations were good.”
For most children, that would have been enough. But Linder had bigger ideas. She asked her mom - what if she started selling her baked goods
With the help of her mother, Linder got more baking supplies and equipment. She started taking orders online. More people started hearing about her business. Linder also started giving out business cards to make her company more well-know.
She also improved her baking as time went on. She researched new recipes (食谱) and learned good baking skills. She now sells chocolate-covered cookies, chocolate apples and banana pudding. She has some customers who have returned to her several times. They say her prices are good. She charges $15 for a dozen cupcakes or cake pops.
When school reopened in September, Linder had to focus more on her studies. “I wanted to do both, but I understand that school is much more important right now,” she said. However, she still watches cooking shows to get new ideas for her business.
4. What special thing did Linder do after COVID-19 broke out
A. She started a baking business. B. She made her own cooking show.
C. She invited friends over for parties. D. She gave online baking lessons.
5. What do people think about Linder’s creation
A. They are creative. B. They are delicious. C. They are well-known. D. They are not big enough.
6. What opinion do her returning customers have
A. Linder is good at making money. B. Linder spends a lot of money.
C. Linder’s baked goods aren’t expensive. D. Linder’s baked goods are too cheap.
7. What do we know from the story
A. Linder didn’t return to school this year. B. Linder is proud of her studies.
C. Linder will open a new bakery soon. D. Linder will keep studying baking.
C
Some people look forward to getting braces (牙箍) on their teeth, thinking they look cool. Other people avoid visiting the orthodontist (正齿医生). But anyone who benefits from the orthodontist’s trade today should be thankful for the progress this science has made over the centuries.
Remains of crooked (弯曲的) human teeth date back tens of thousands of years. Greek and Roman texts describing the treatment of irregular teeth by the application of pressure date back as far as the fifth century B. C. Archaeological evidence indicates even earlier use of orthodontic appliances, including man-made objects found in considerable burial (埋葬的) sites in ancient Italy. Another early attempt at braces may have been discovered on Egyptian mummies with recognizable metal bands around their teeth. Thus, from at least 1,000 BC, it was known that teeth move in response to pressure.
Techniques for correcting dental (牙齿的) irregularities did not advance much until the eighteenth century. French dentists led the way to building orthodontic practice on scientific foundations. The greatest contribution came from Pierre Fauchard. In 1728, Fauchard published the first general study of dentistry. In it, he described the process of straightening. He made smooth (光滑的) a crooked tooth to create space around it. Then he repositioned the tooth using a tool called a “pelican”. And he bound it to its neighbors and let it set. French and English dentists improved on Fauchard’s work through the eighteenth century. Patients of Fauchard’s treatment may have been grateful when the work was completed. While many of them faced the treatment with fear and cried during the procedures, there were many Frenchmen who flooded to Fauchard to improve their looks with dental work.
Pioneering European orthodontists introduced new techniques and instruments in the nineteenth century. By midcentury, American dentists began to take the lead in research and invention. Electricity changed the operating room completely, and the proper medicine made surgery less painful. John Farrar developed guidelines for using tools to move teeth by applying force on a regular basis.
The twentieth century saw improvement in the materials and methods of orthodontics. But the basic principles of the science were developed during the days of Fauchard.
8. What’s the public’s attitude toward Fauchard’s treatment
A. Objective. B. Fearful. C. Unconcerned. D. Positive
9. What was Americans’ contribution to orthodontics
A. Americans relieved the pain from the treatment.
B. Americans repositioned the tooth using a “pelican”.
C. Americans introduced new techniques and instruments.
D. Americans published the first general study of dentistry.
10. What can be the suitable title for the text
A. Straight History of Orthodontics
B. Advanced Techniques in Orthodontics
C. Thanks for the Progress in Orthodontics
D. Establishment of Professional Orthodontics
11. Where can the passage be found
A. In an interview report. B. In a private diary.
C. In a medical journal. D. In a graduation essay.
D
People often plan to receive medical exam but don’t, resulting in increasing health care cost. A surprising number of citizens mean to complete tax forms in time but forget to, forcing them to pay unnecessary fines. Many families miss the government deadline to complete financial aid forms, losing out on aid available for child care.
How can policymakers help people follow through on important tasks They use carrots and sticks: bonuses, late fees, or regulations. These methods can be clumsy, and often aren’t effective for the situation at hand. Reminding people to form simple plans. however, provides a low-cost, simple, and powerful tool.
Evidence is growing that providing prompts which push people at key times to think through how and when they will follow through, make people more likely to act on tasks of importance. In one early randomized study on tetanus vaccination rates, for example, a team of social psychologists showed that 28% of Oxford University seniors got the shot after being encouraged to review their weekly schedules and to select a possible time to stop by the health center. They were also given a list of times when shots were available and a map showing the health center’s location. Only 3% of the seniors got the shot when simply informed about how effective the shots were.
People who make a plan gain an advantage from their psychological forces. Specifically, they can overcome the tendency to put off as well as the tendency to be overly optimistic about the time it will take to accomplish a task. Imagine Sarah who wants to renew a car insurance, but it will require two hours of travel to and from a garage. Making a plan may lead her to lake two hours off and have her responsibilities covered by her colleagues while she is away. Moreover, she will be less likely to underestimate the time needed to accomplish the task—a particularly common problem for complex tasks.
People mistakenly believe that their strong intentions are enough to push them to perform desired behaviors. These psychological research results stress the need for policy decisions that encourage plan making and improve social welfare.
12. What phenomenon is described in paragraph 1
A Heavy burden of daily chores. B. Lack of task management skills.
C. Disappointment of over-ambitions. D. Failure to achieve original intentions.
13. What does the randomized tetanus vaccination study show
A. People need to think deeply before they act.
B. Specific reminders help people accomplish plans.
C. Awareness of task significance matters in planning.
D. Seniors need encouragement to have vaccination shots.
14. What psychological benefit can people get from making a plan
A. They are realistic in the time required. B. They are optimistic about the outcome.
C. They are confident to overcome hardship. D. They are careful with task arrangements.
15. Who may be the intended readers of this text
A. Medical staff. B. Government officials.
C. Ordinary people. D. Social psychologists.
第二节：(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Strategies for Getting Kids off Screens
It’s time to keep kids off the screens! Parents should use the winter vacation to remind their children of what it’s like to play freely, offline for hours on end. ___16___. Here are some practical strategies for giving kids a screen-free winter.
Set clear screen time limits
Establish how many minutes or hours you’re OK with them each week, and make it something that can never be changed. For example, you could say they’re allowed to watch for an hour on Sunday morning, or for 15 minutes in the evening while dinner is being made, or none at all for the rest of the winter—and then stick to it. ___17___
Get kids cooking
Involve them in meal preparation by assigning recipes that you’d like them to make each day. ___18___. And you’ll have many tasty dishes at the end of it,
___19___
There are numerous half- and full-day camp options and lessons that can occupy a child’s time, such as swimming, art classes, tennis, dinosaur camp and sports camp. Look around your community for activities that can get them out of the house for a few hours each day.
Establish a reading routine (习惯)
___20___. Take your kid along to choose what she or he wants to read, and that will help keep them enthusiastic. Back home and see if you can set up a comfortable reading corner where they will be willing to read and let reading become a good habit gradually.
A. Sign up for lessons
B. Assign household work
C. That helps stop arguments of screen time
D. Of course, this is easier said than done
E. Master some basic tricks, using a homemade tool
F. They’ll develop new skills at cutting, cooking and baking
G. Go to the library once a week to store up fresh reading material
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In language learning, it is not easy to find a balance between accuracy and fluency. When I was in my early 20’s, I ____21____a job teaching English in Japan. Although I had never studied Japanese or lived in Japan, I did have ____22____learning other languages and living in other countries.
When I arrived in Kyoto, I ____23____two other English-teaching colleagues—also new to Japan. We soon realized that we needed to take language classes, so as summer break approached, we ____24____in intensive Japanese classes. It was very interesting to watch our different ____25____to learning and using our new language.
One weekend, we decided to take a day trip to Ryoanji, a famous rock garden, but from the train station we had to ask directions to the garden.
One friend was very ____26____about speaking correctly. She would spend several minutes quietly ____27____to herself, checking her dictionary, and planning how to ask the question. Five minutes passed before she would even open her ____28____!
Another friend was very outgoing and rather ____29____to language structures. She _____30_____the first person she could find, and asked him for directions. The _____31_____was that he had difficulty understanding what she was saying. When he finally understood, he _____32_____the directions, but then she didn’t understand everything he said, so she asked again and again for him to repeat the directions. Several minutes passed and she was still not clear on the directions and he was trying to find a way to _____33_____!
My approach was different. I considered what I was going to say, and then asked the nearest person for directions. _____34_____my Japanese was only good enough to grab some information. But I followed the directions I heard and I simply asked a new person for the next set of _____35_____. And so I continued until I finally made it to Ryoanji!
21. A. accepted B. lost C. refused D. posted
22. A. knowledge B. experience C. difficulty D. intention
23. A. greeted B. recognized C. remembered D. joined
24. A. took B. enrolled C. gave D. compete
25. A. contributions B. attention C. keys D. approaches
26. A. particular B. nervous C. careless D. curious
27. A. reading B. listening C. talking D. thinking
28. A. mouth B. eyes C. books D. minds
29. A. new B. indifferent C. used D. sensitive
30. A. met B. invited C. grabbed D. touched
31. A. joke B. story C. problem D. mistake
32. A. led B. offered C. drew D. listed
33. A. escape B. understand C. help D. hide
34. A. Naturally B. Suddenly C. Unfortunately D. Occasionally
35. A. questions B. answers C. directions D. places
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A Young Designer’s Way to Fashion Success
Chinese designer Zhang Yan, ____36____work has just hit New York’s and Chinese catwalks (T台), is slowly breaking the old idea about men in embroidery (刺绣) and fashion. Zhang has surprised the world with his unique embroidered Qipaos.
However, for the 26-year-old young man, his success is not easy. Holding the tiny needle properly in his big hand wasn’t ____37____ easy job for Zhang in the early days. What’s more, his parents were ____38____(strong) against him, thinking that embroidery was women’s work and it had no future, ____39____Zhang did not give up. He believes handwork has nothing to do with gender (性别) especially when it comes to____40____(dream).
Years of his hard work has paid off so far. His designs quickly____41____(draw) attention and even earned him an ____42____(invite) to the 2019 New York Fashion Week. Western audiences at the show were amazed ____43____the charm of the embroidered Qipao, saying it showed a kind of Eastern power.
____44____(feel) that his success has brought him a sense of national pride, Zhang hopes his experience can also help inspire teenagers _____45_____(follow) their dreams. “There are many ways to achieve success. As long as you keep going, you can make your dreams come true,” he says.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 书面表达(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你从互联网上得知一个中学生组织将在上海举办“体验生活”活动。请写一封电子邮件申请参加。
主要内容包括：
1.自我介绍(社会实践能力)；
2.参加意图(体验生活、迎接挑战)；
3.希望获准。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.邮件开头和结尾已为你写好。
参考词汇：体验生活Experience Life
Dear Sir or Madam,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
第二节：读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文
I was still living in Peru when the earthquake happened. I had had a fight with my parents till midnight the day before because I thought they didn't understand me. Therefore, I was still sleeping in the afternoon. Suddenly. I was woken up by my dog barking at the shaking window next to me. Small quick earthquakes are very common. in Peru, especially in the coastal regions, so ignored it and tried to calm my dog so could fall asleep again. I had walked 4 steps from the sofa to get her when the whole wall-length window broke in front of me, huge sharp pieces falling right into the sofa I had been lying in just seconds before.
Fully woken up, I could hear what sounded like a million car alarms ringing from the ground. My parents were still at work, and I was alone in a 10-floor flat with a panicking dog running circles around me, so I forced myself to get it together. I lifted my giant dog in my and ran into the emergency stairs. just ran and ran until could see some street lights since the building had no emergency lights and everything was dark. When I finally rushed through the door of the hall, I could see the road below me breaking and trees shaking from their roots up.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡得相应位置作答。
I stayed in the streets for about an hour until my parents arrived.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After the earthquake, I had a heart-to-heart talk with my parents.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
齐齐哈尔八校联考2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试
英语试题 答案解析
(考试时间：120分钟 满分150分)
注意事项：
1、本试题卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2、答题前，考生在答题卡上务必使用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并贴好条形码。请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。
3、每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，在试题卷上作答无效。
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Assistant Dog Minder needed for small Doggie Day Care
We look after dogs in West London - Hounslow. An assistant dog minder is needed at our Day Care Centre to play games, train and entertain dogs actively and lively all the time. Please bear in mind this is a physically demanding job. The right person will have the opportunity to get a dog first aid and dog training courses. This position starts with a 1 month trial period and possibly it will be a permanent position.
Requirements:
- Be over 18 and speak fluent English;
- Be 100% reliable and punctual;
- Really LOVE dogs;
- Be Not allergic to animals;
- Be comfortable outdoors under any weather condition, especially when raining/windy;
- Be comfortable with cleaning up after dogs;
- Be a keen phone photographer and enjoy keeping clients up to date about the well-being of their pet(s)
- Be available at least 2 fixed days per week;
Opening Time: 11:00-15:00 (You will work as a self-employed basis.)
Part-time hours: Up to 20 per week according to flexible schedule
Job Types: Part-time
Salary: 10~ 25/hour (Being paid weekly)
Benefits:
●On-site parking
●Training provided
●Dog First Aid Course paid for
Please send your CV and write a cover letter with a few sentences about your experience with dogs and also a bit about yourself. Please confirm that you are non-smokers; without this, your application is not considered.
1. What do we know about the assistant dog minder’s job
A. It provides flexible working hours. B. It’s mentally challenging.
C. It has a three-month trial period. D. Its payment is made every month.
2. What is required when you apply to be an assistant dog minder
A Having a comfortable pet house.
B. Completing given training sessions.
C. Enjoying the outdoors in any weather.
D. Acquiring excellent photography skills.
3. If a dog minder works 20 hours this week how much can he earn at most
A. 200 B. 300 C. 400 D. 500
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本篇是说明文。广告招聘狗狗看护者。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Opening Time中“You will work as a self-employed basis.(你将以个体经营者的身份工作)”以及Part-time hours中“Up to 20 per week according to flexible schedule(每周最多20小时，工作时间灵活)”可知，助理看护者的工作提供灵活的工作时间。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Requirements下的“Be comfortable outdoors under any weather condition, especially when raining/windy(在任何天气情况下都要在户外保持舒适，特别是在下雨或者刮风的时候)”可知，申请助理看护者需要具备适应任何天气的户外活动的能力。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Salary: 10~ 25/hour，”可知，一周工作20小时最多可挣20x25= 500。故选D项。
B
It was bad enough when COVID- 19 closed schools in Philadelphia, US, in March. Like a lot of students, Makyla Linder, 16, found herself getting bored. So she started watching baking videos and shows on TV and online. Soon, she started baking on her own.
Cupcakes and chocolate-covered strawberries were her first creations.
“I tried them on my friends when they came to my house,” Linder sad. “I also tried them on my family. They said my creations were good.”
For most children, that would have been enough. But Linder had bigger ideas. She asked her mom - what if she started selling her baked goods
With the help of her mother, Linder got more baking supplies and equipment. She started taking orders online. More people started hearing about her business. Linder also started giving out business cards to make her company more well-know.
She also improved her baking as time went on. She researched new recipes (食谱) and learned good baking skills. She now sells chocolate-covered cookies, chocolate apples and banana pudding. She has some customers who have returned to her several times. They say her prices are good. She charges $15 for a dozen cupcakes or cake pops.
When school reopened in September, Linder had to focus more on her studies. “I wanted to do both, but I understand that school is much more important right now,” she said. However, she still watches cooking shows to get new ideas for her business.
4. What special thing did Linder do after COVID-19 broke out
A. She started a baking business. B. She made her own cooking show.
C. She invited friends over for parties. D. She gave online baking lessons.
5. What do people think about Linder’s creation
A. They are creative. B. They are delicious. C. They are well-known. D. They are not big enough.
6. What opinion do her returning customers have
A. Linder is good at making money. B. Linder spends a lot of money.
C. Linder’s baked goods aren’t expensive. D. Linder’s baked goods are too cheap.
7. What do we know from the story
A. Linder didn’t return to school this year. B. Linder is proud of her studies.
C. Linder will open a new bakery soon. D. Linder will keep studying baking.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了16岁的Makyla Linder在疫情期间学习了烘焙，并自己创新了几种甜品，开了烘焙店。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段前两句“With the help of her mother, Linder got more baking supplies and equipment. She started taking orders online.(在母亲的帮助下，Linder得到了更多的烘焙用品和设备。她开始在网上接受订单)”可知，Linder做起了烘焙生意。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“They said my creations were good.(他们说我的制作很好)”可知，人们认为Linder做的甜品很好吃。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段倒数第二句“They say her prices are good.(他们说她的价格很好)”可知，回头客们觉得Linder售卖的价格不高。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“However, she still watches cooking shows to get new ideas for her business.(然而，她仍在观看烹饪节目，为自己的生意寻找新想法)”可知，Linder为了创新继续学习烹饪。故选D。
C
Some people look forward to getting braces (牙箍) on their teeth, thinking they look cool. Other people avoid visiting the orthodontist (正齿医生). But anyone who benefits from the orthodontist’s trade today should be thankful for the progress this science has made over the centuries.
Remains of crooked (弯曲) human teeth date back tens of thousands of years. Greek and Roman texts describing the treatment of irregular teeth by the application of pressure date back as far as the fifth century B. C. Archaeological evidence indicates even earlier use of orthodontic appliances, including man-made objects found in considerable burial (埋葬的) sites in ancient Italy. Another early attempt at braces may have been discovered on Egyptian mummies with recognizable metal bands around their teeth. Thus, from at least 1,000 BC, it was known that teeth move in response to pressure.
Techniques for correcting dental (牙齿的) irregularities did not advance much until the eighteenth century. French dentists led the way to building orthodontic practice on scientific foundations. The greatest contribution came from Pierre Fauchard. In 1728, Fauchard published the first general study of dentistry. In it, he described the process of straightening. He made smooth (光滑的) a crooked tooth to create space around it. Then he repositioned the tooth using a tool called a “pelican”. And he bound it to its neighbors and let it set. French and English dentists improved on Fauchard’s work through the eighteenth century. Patients of Fauchard’s treatment may have been grateful when the work was completed. While many of them faced the treatment with fear and cried during the procedures, there were many Frenchmen who flooded to Fauchard to improve their looks with dental work.
Pioneering European orthodontists introduced new techniques and instruments in the nineteenth century. By midcentury, American dentists began to take the lead in research and invention. Electricity changed the operating room completely, and the proper medicine made surgery less painful. John Farrar developed guidelines for using tools to move teeth by applying force on a regular basis.
The twentieth century saw improvement in the materials and methods of orthodontics. But the basic principles of the science were developed during the days of Fauchard.
8. What’s the public’s attitude toward Fauchard’s treatment
A. Objective. B. Fearful. C. Unconcerned. D. Positive
9. What was Americans’ contribution to orthodontics
A. Americans relieved the pain from the treatment.
B. Americans repositioned the tooth using a “pelican”.
C. Americans introduced new techniques and instruments.
D. Americans published the first general study of dentistry.
10. What can be the suitable title for the text
A. Straight History of Orthodontics
B. Advanced Techniques in Orthodontics
C. Thanks for the Progress in Orthodontics
D. Establishment of Professional Orthodontics
11. Where can the passage be found
A. In an interview report. B. In a private diary.
C. In a medical journal. D. In a graduation essay.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了口腔正畸学发展的发展历程。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“While many of them faced the treatment with fear and cried during the procedures, there were many Frenchmen who flooded to Fauchard to improve their looks with dental work.”（虽然他们中的许多人面对治疗感到恐惧，并在手术过程中哭泣，但仍有许多法国人涌向福沙尔，希望通过牙科手术改善他们的容貌。）可推知，公众对福沙尔的治疗持肯定态度。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“By midcentury, American dentists began to take the lead in research and invention. Electricity changed the operating room completely, and the proper medicine made surgery less painful.”（到本世纪中叶，美国牙医开始在研究和发明方面处于领先地位。电彻底改变了手术室，适当的药物使手术不那么痛苦。）可知，美国人对牙齿正畸的贡献是：减轻了治疗带来的痛苦。故选A项。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。通断全文，结合文章首段中“But anyone who benefits from the orthodontist’s trade today should be thankful for the progress this science has made over the centuries.”（但是，今天任何受益于正畸牙医行业的人都应该感谢这门科学在过去几个世纪里所取得的进步。）以及最后一段中“The twentieth century saw improvement in the materials and methods of orthodontics.”（二十世纪，正畸的材料和方法都有了改进。）可知，本文主要讲了口腔正畸学发展的发展历程。故文章最适合的标题是“正畸史”。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Some people look forward to getting braces (牙箍) on their teeth, thinking they look cool. Other people avoid visiting the orthodontist (正齿医生). But anyone who benefits from the orthodontist’s trade today should be thankful for the progress this science has made over the centuries.”（有些人期待在牙齿上戴牙套，认为这样看起来很酷。另一些人则避免去看正畸医生。但是，今天任何受益于正畸牙医行业的人都应该感谢这门科学在过去几个世纪里所取得的进步。）可知，本文主要讲了口腔正畸学发展的发展历程。由此可推知，这篇文章可能出现在医学杂志上。故选C项。
D
People often plan to receive medical exam but don’t, resulting in increasing health care cost. A surprising number of citizens mean to complete tax forms in time but forget to, forcing them to pay unnecessary fines. Many families miss the government deadline to complete financial aid forms, losing out on aid available for child care.
How can policymakers help people follow through on important tasks They use carrots and sticks: bonuses late fees, or regulations. These methods can be clumsy, and often aren’t effective for the situation at hand. Reminding people to form simple plans. however, provides a low-cost, simple, and powerful tool.
Evidence is growing that providing prompts, which push people at key times to think through how and when they will follow through, make people more likely to act on tasks of importance. In one early randomized study on tetanus vaccination rates, for example, a team of social psychologists showed that 28% of Oxford University seniors got the shot after being encouraged to review their weekly schedules and to select a possible time to stop by the health center. They were also given a list of times when shots were available and a map showing the health center’s location. Only 3% of the seniors got the shot when simply informed about how effective the shots were.
People who make a plan gain an advantage from their psychological forces. Specifically, they can overcome the tendency to put off as well as the tendency to be overly optimistic about the time it will take to accomplish a task. Imagine Sarah who wants to renew a car insurance, but it will require two hours of travel to and from a garage. Making a plan may lead her to lake two hours off and have her responsibilities covered by her colleagues while she is away. Moreover, she will be less likely to underestimate the time needed to accomplish the task—a particularly common problem for complex tasks.
People mistakenly believe that their strong intentions are enough to push them to perform desired behaviors. These psychological research results stress the need for policy decisions that encourage plan making and improve social welfare.
12. What phenomenon is described in paragraph 1
A. Heavy burden of daily chores. B. Lack of task management skills.
C. Disappointment of over-ambitions. D. Failure to achieve original intentions.
13. What does the randomized tetanus vaccination study show
A. People need to think deeply before they act.
B. Specific reminders help people accomplish plans.
C. Awareness of task significance matters in planning.
D. Seniors need encouragement to have vaccination shots.
14. What psychological benefit can people get from making a plan
A. They are realistic in the time required. B. They are optimistic about the outcome.
C. They are confident to overcome hardship. D. They are careful with task arrangements.
15. Who may be the intended readers of this text
A. Medical staff. B. Government officials.
C. Ordinary people. D. Social psychologists.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。人们经常会有事与愿违的情况，那么决策者该如何帮助人们完成重要任务？越来越多的证据表明，提供提示，促使人们在关键时刻思考如何以及何时执行，使人们更有可能在重要任务上采取行动。人们错误地认为，他们强烈的意愿就足以促使他们去做他们想做的事情，文章主要是对政府官员应对人们这种心理的一些建议。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中A surprising number of citizens mean to complete tax forms in time but forget to, forcing them to pay unnecessary fines. Many families miss the government deadline to complete financial aid forms, losing out on aid available for child care.可知有相当多的市民本打算及时填写纳税表格，却忘记了。强迫他们支付不必要的罚款。许多家庭没有在政府截止日期前完成经济援助表格，失去了儿童保育的资助。由此可推知，第一段描述了事与愿违的现象。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中Evidence is growing that providing prompts, which push people at key times to think through how and when they will follow through, make people more likely to act on tasks of importance.可知越来越多的证据表明，提供提示，促使人们在关键时刻思考如何以及何时执行，使人们更有可能在重要任务上采取行动。由此可知，破伤风疫苗接种研究体现了特别的提醒可以帮助人们完成计划。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中People who make a plan gain an advantage from their psychological forces. Specifically, they can overcome the tendency to put off as well as the tendency to be overly optimistic about the time it will take to accomplish a task.可知制定计划的人会从他们的心理力量中获得优势。具体来说，他们可以克服拖延的倾向，也可以克服对完成一项任务所需要的时间过于乐观的倾向。由此可知，制定一个计划能使人们，对事情所需要的时间预计得比较现实。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第一句 How can policymakers help people follow through on important tasks (决策者如何帮助人们完成重要任务？)和第五段第二句These psychological research results stress the need for policy decisions that encourage plan making and improve social welfare.(这些心理学研究结果强调了鼓励计划制定和改善社会福利的政策决策的必要性)可知，文章主要是对政府官员应对人们这种心理的一些建议。由此可推知，政府官员可能是这篇文章的读者。故选B。
第二节：(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Strategies for Getting Kids off Screens
It’s time to keep kids off the screens! Parents should use the winter vacation to remind their children of what it’s like to play freely, offline for hours on end. ___16___. Here are some practical strategies for giving kids a screen-free winter.
Set clear screen time limits
Establish how many minutes or hours you’re OK with them each week, and make it something that can never be changed. For example, you could say they’re allowed to watch for an hour on Sunday morning, or for 15 minutes in the evening while dinner is being made, or none at all for the rest of the winter—and then stick to it. ___17___
Get kids cooking
Involve them in meal preparation by assigning recipes that you’d like them to make each day. ___18___. And you’ll have many tasty dishes at the end of it,
___19___
There are numerous half- and full-day camp options and lessons that can occupy a child’s time, such as swimming, art classes, tennis, dinosaur camp and sports camp. Look around your community for activities that can get them out of the house for a few hours each day.
Establish a reading routine (习惯)
___20___. Take your kid along to choose what she or he wants to read, and that will help keep them enthusiastic. Back home and see if you can set up a comfortable reading corner where they will be willing to read and let reading become a good habit gradually.
A. Sign up for lessons
B. Assign household work
C. That helps stop arguments of screen time
D. Of course, this is easier said than done
E. Master some basic tricks, using a homemade tool
F. They’ll develop new skills at cutting, cooking and baking
G. Go to the library once a week to store up fresh reading material
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. F 19. A 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了让孩子们离开屏幕（电子产品）的几种策略。
【16题详解】
由上文“It’s time to keep kids off the screens! Parents should use the winter vacation to remind their children of what it’s like to play freely, offline for hours on end.(是时候让孩子们远离屏幕了！家长们应该利用寒假提醒孩子们，在线下连续几个小时自由玩耍是什么感觉。)”以及后文“Here are some practical strategies for giving kids a screen-free winter.(这里有一些给孩子们一个无屏幕的冬天的实用策略。)”可知，本段主要是给父母说提供一些让孩子不看屏幕线下玩的策略。而D项“Of course, this is easier said than done(当然，这说起来容易做起来难)”符合文意，其中this代指前文keep kids off the screens，且本句有启下作用，引出下文some practical strategies。故选D项。
【17题详解】
由本段小标题“Set clear screen time limits(设置规定屏幕时间限制)”和后文“Establish how many minutes or hours you’re OK with them each week, and make it something that can never be changed.(确定每周有多少分钟或小时你可以接受他们看屏幕，并使之成为永远无法改变的事情。)”可知，本段主要讲规定孩子看屏幕的时间，而C项“That helps stop arguments of screen time(这有助于停止关于屏幕时间的争论)”符合语境，其中that指代前面的方法，且screen time也和本段小标题对应。故选C项。
【18题详解】
由本段小标题“Get kids cooking(让孩子做饭)”和前文“Involve them in meal preparation by assigning recipes that you’d like them to make each day. (通过分配你希望他们每天制作的食谱，让他们参与膳食准备。)”可知，本段主要讲让孩子们参与到做饭当中，而F项“They’ll develop new skills at cutting, cooking and baking(他们将培养切菜、烹饪和烘焙的新技能)”符合语境，其中cooking和小标题对应。故选F项。
【19题详解】
由后文“There are numerous half- and full-day camp options and lessons that can occupy a child’s time, such as swimming, art classes, tennis, dinosaur camp and sports camp. Look around your community for activities that can get them out of the house for a few hours each day.(有许多半日和全天的营地选项和课程可以占用孩子的时间，如游泳、艺术课、网球、恐龙营和运动营。在你的社区周围寻找可以让他们每天外出几个小时的活动。)”可知，本段主要讲让孩子们参加一些课程，而A项“Sign up for lessons(报名课程)”符合语境，有概括本段内容的作用。故选A项。
【20题详解】
由本段小标题“Establish a reading routine (习惯)(建立阅读习惯)”和后文“Take your kid along to choose what she or he wants to read, and that will help keep them enthusiastic.(带着孩子一起选择她或他想读的内容，这将有助于保持他们的热情。)”可知，作者这里讲让读书保持孩子们的热情，而G项“Go to the library once a week to store up fresh reading material(每周去图书馆一次，储存新鲜的阅读材料)”符合语境，其中once a week和小标题routine对应，reading material也与下文what she or he wants to read对应。故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In language learning, it is not easy to find a balance between accuracy and fluency. When I was in my early 20’s, I ____21____a job teaching English in Japan. Although I had never studied Japanese or lived in Japan, I did have ____22____learning other languages and living in other countries.
When I arrived in Kyoto, I ____23____two other English-teaching colleagues—also new to Japan. We soon realized that we needed to take language classes, so as summer break approached, we ____24____in intensive Japanese classes. It was very interesting to watch our different ____25____to learning and using our new language.
One weekend, we decided to take a day trip to Ryoanji, a famous rock garden, but from the train station we had to ask directions to the garden.
One friend was very ____26____about speaking correctly. She would spend several minutes quietly ____27____to herself, checking her dictionary, and planning how to ask the question. Five minutes passed before she would even open her ____28____!
Another friend was very outgoing and rather ____29____to language structures. She _____30_____the first person she could find, and asked him for directions. The _____31_____was that he had difficulty understanding what she was saying. When he finally understood, he _____32_____the directions, but then she didn’t understand everything he said, so she asked again and again for him to repeat the directions. Several minutes passed and she was still not clear on the directions and he was trying to find a way to _____33_____!
My approach was different. I considered what I was going to say, and then asked the nearest person for directions. _____34_____my Japanese was only good enough to grab some information. But I followed the directions I heard and I simply asked a new person for the next set of _____35_____. And so I continued until I finally made it to Ryoanji!
21. A. accepted B. lost C. refused D. posted
22. A. knowledge B. experience C. difficulty D. intention
23. A. greeted B. recognized C. remembered D. joined
24. A. took B. enrolled C. gave D. compete
25. A. contributions B. attention C. keys D. approaches
26. A. particular B. nervous C. careless D. curious
27. A. reading B. listening C. talking D. thinking
28. A. mouth B. eyes C. books D. minds
29. A. new B. indifferent C. used D. sensitive
30. A. met B. invited C. grabbed D. touched
31. A. joke B. story C. problem D. mistake
32. A. led B. offered C. drew D. listed
33. A. escape B. understand C. help D. hide
34. A. Naturally B. Suddenly C. Unfortunately D. Occasionally
35. A. questions B. answers C. directions D. places
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和两个朋友在日本教学期间，利用假期报班强化日语，并用日语问路的有趣经历。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我20岁出头的时候，我接受了一份在日本教英语的工作。A. accepted接受；B. lost丢失；C. refused拒绝；D. posted邮寄，发布。根据下文“When I arrived in Kyoto, I ____3____two other English-teaching colleagues”可知，作者接受了在日本教英语的工作。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我从未学习过日语或在日本生活过，但我确实有过学习其他语言和在其他国家生活的经历。A. knowledge知识；B. experience经历，经验；C. difficulty困难；D. intention目的，打算。根据“Although I had never studied Japanese or lived in Japan,”可知，此处是指虽然学过日语或在日本生活过，但有学习其他语言以及在其他国家生活的经历。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我到达京都时，我和另外两位刚到日本的英语教学同事在一起。A. greeted迎接，问候；B. recognized认出，意识到；C. remembered记得；D. joined加入。根据下文“We soon realized that we needed to take language classes”可知，作者和另外两位刚到日本的同事一起，即加入他们。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们很快意识到我们需要上语言课，所以随着暑假的临近，我们报了日语强化班。A. took带，拿；B. enrolled注册；C. gave给；D. compete竞争。根据上文“We soon realized that we needed to take language classes”推知，作者和同事认为自己有必要报一个日语学习班。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：观察我们学习和使用新语言的不同方法非常有趣。A. contributions贡献；B. attention注意力；C. keys钥匙；D. approaches方法，途径。根据第四到第六段陈述作者和另外两个朋友学日语的方法可知，此处是指学习和使用日语的不同方法。且下文最后一段“My approach was different.”也是提示。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个朋友非常讲究说话的正确性。A. particular特别的，讲究的；B. nervous紧张的；C. careless粗心的；D. curious好奇的。根据下文“She would spend several minutes quietly ____7____to herself, checking her dictionary, and planning how to ask the question.”推知，此人对说话的正确性非常讲究，be particular about“对……讲究/挑剔”。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她会花几分钟的时间安静地想，查字典，并计划如何提问。A. reading阅读；B. listening听；C. talking谈论；D. thinking思考，想。根据“checking her dictionary, and planning how to ask the question.”可知，她是安静地想该怎么说，然后再去查字典以及计划如何提问。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：五分钟过去了，她还没开口。A. mouth嘴；B. eyes眼睛；C. books书籍；D. minds思维，大脑。根据上文“She would spend several minutes quietly ____7____to herself, checking her dictionary, and planning how to ask the question.”可知，此人准备很久才会开口开始讲日语。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：另一位朋友非常外向，对语言结构漠不关心。A. new新的；B. indifferent漠不关心的；C. used用过的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据下文“The ____11____was that he had difficulty understanding what she was saying. When he finally understood, he ____12____the directions, but then she didn’t understand everything he said, so she asked again and again for him to repeat the directions.”可知，另外一个朋友对语言结果不关心，因此导致问路时，相互要花很长的时间才能进行有效沟通。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她抓住她能找到的第一个人，向他问路。A. met遇见；B. invited邀请；C. grabbed抓；D. touched触摸。根据“the first person she could find, and asked him for directions.”可知，此处是指看到有人，就抓住他问路。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是他很难理解她在说什么。A. joke玩笑；B. story故事；C. problem问题；D. mistake错误。根据“he had difficulty understanding what she was saying”可知，这是问路时的问题。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当终于明白后，他给她指出方向，但她并没有理解他说的每一句话，所以她一次又一次地要求他重复指示。A. led导致，通向；B. offered提供；C. drew画画；D. listed列出。根据“When he finally understood”可知，被问路的人最终听懂了，并给她指出方向，即提供方向。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几分钟过去了，她仍然不清楚方向，他正试图找到逃跑的方法。A. escape逃跑，逃避；B. understand理解；C. help帮助；D. hide隐藏。根据“so she asked again and again for him to repeat the directions. Several minutes passed and she was still not clear on the directions ”可知，她始终不清楚方向，不断让他重复，以至于他想“逃跑”。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，我的日语只够掌握一些信息。A. Naturally自然而然地；B. Suddenly突然；C. Unfortunately不幸的是；D. Occasionally偶尔。根据上文“I considered what I was going to say, and then asked the nearest person for directions.”和本句“my Japanese was only good enough to grab some information.”可知，作者本认为自己可以用日语问路，但不幸的是，她的日语也只够掌握一点信息。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我跟着我听到的方向走，然后向下一个人打听剩下的方向。A. questions问题；B. answers答案；C. directions方向；D. places地方。根据上文“my Japanese was only good enough to grab some information. But I followed the directions I heard”可知，作者的日语只够了解一些信息，因此她先向一个人打听几个方向，等到了之后，再向另一个人打听其余的方向，这样就容易多了，最终到达了目的地。故选C。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A Young Designer’s Way to Fashion Success
Chinese designer Zhang Yan, ____36____work has just hit New York’s and Chinese catwalks (T台), is slowly breaking the old idea about men in embroidery (刺绣) and fashion. Zhang has surprised the world with his unique embroidered Qipaos.
However, for the 26-year-old young man, his success is not easy. Holding the tiny needle properly in his big hand wasn’t ____37____ easy job for Zhang in the early days. What’s more, his parents were ____38____(strong) against him, thinking that embroidery was women’s work and it had no future, ____39____Zhang did not give up. He believes handwork has nothing to do with gender (性别) especially when it comes to____40____(dream).
Years of his hard work has paid off so far. His designs quickly____41____(draw) attention and even earned him an ____42____(invite) to the 2019 New York Fashion Week. Western audiences at the show were amazed ____43____the charm of the embroidered Qipao, saying it showed a kind of Eastern power.
____44____(feel) that his success has brought him a sense of national pride, Zhang hopes his experience can also help inspire teenagers _____45_____(follow) their dreams. “There are many ways to achieve success. As long as you keep going, you can make your dreams come true,” he says.
【答案】36. whose
37. an 38. strongly
39. but 40. dreams
41. drew 42. invitation
43. by##at 44. Feeling
45. to follow
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍中国年轻设计师张彦的时尚成功之路。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：中国设计师张彦的作品刚刚已经登上纽约和中国的T台，正在慢慢打破关于刺绣和时尚界中的男性的旧观念。分析句子结构和意思可知，____1____work has just hit New York’s and Chinese catwalks是非限制性定语从句，关系词指代先行词Zhang Yan在从句中作定语，修饰后面的名词work，用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在早期，把小针头正确地握在大手里对张彦来说不是一件容易的事。分析句子结构和意思可知，job是可数名词单数形式，这里表示泛指，“一个”的意思，前面用不定冠词修饰，easy的第一个因素是元音音素，用an。故填an。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：更重要的是，他的父母强烈反对，他们认为刺绣是女人的工作，没有前途，但是张彦没有放弃。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要副词作状语，修饰were against。故填strongly。
【39题详解】
考查连词。句意：见第3题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，上下文是转折关系。故填but。
【40题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：他认为手工与性别无关，尤其是当涉及到梦想时。分析句子结构和意思可知，是可数名词，前面没有限定词，所以用复数形式，表示泛指。故填dreams。
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：他的设计很快吸引了人们的注意，甚至为他赢得了2019年纽约时装周的邀请。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话描述的是过去的事情，谓语动词draw用一般过去时。故填drew。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：见第6题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，前面有不定冠词an修饰，所以这里用名词单数形式，作宾语。故填invitation。
【43题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：参加演出的西方观众对刺绣旗袍的魅力感到惊讶，称其展现了一种东方力量。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定搭配be amazed by/at，意为“对……感到惊讶”。故填by/at。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：感觉他的成功给他带来了民族自豪感，张彦希望他的经历也能帮助激励青少年追逐他们的梦想。分析句子结构和意思可知，非谓语动词feel和逻辑主语Zhang是主谓关系，用现在分词形式作状语，表示主动，首字母大写。故填Feeling。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：见第9题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定搭配inspire sb. to do sth.，意为“激励某人做某事”。故填to follow。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 书面表达(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你从互联网上得知一个中学生组织将在上海举办“体验生活”活动。请写一封电子邮件申请参加。
主要内容包括：
1.自我介绍(社会实践能力)；
2.参加意图(体验生活、迎接挑战)；
3.希望获准。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.邮件开头和结尾已为你写好。
参考词汇：体验生活Experience Life
Dear Sir or Madam,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir or Madam,
I’m Li Hua, a middle school student from Shandong. I read the announcement of the Experience Life that you have posted on the Internet and I am interested in it. I know that you welcome students from all over the country and I’d like to take part in it.
I’ve done part-time jobs during holidays and has the ability to take care of myself and help others. I want to experience more challenges and try to overcome them to understand the real life in the future. What’s more, I can make more friends and learn about different customs in our country as well.
I hope I will be accepted as a member of your summer camp.
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于从互联网上得知一个中学生组织将在上海举办“体验生活”活动，写一封电子邮件申请参加。
【详解】1.词汇积累
对……感兴趣：be interested in → have an interest in
此外：what’s more → in addition
参加：take part in → participate in
克服：overcome → conquer
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m Li Hua, a middle school student from Shandong.
拓展句：I’m Li Hua, who is a middle school student from Shandong.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I read the announcement of the Experience Life that you have posted on the Internet and I am interested in it. (运用了关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】I know that you welcome students from all over the country and I’d like to take part in it. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
第二节：读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文
I was still living in Peru when the earthquake happened. I had had a fight with my parents till midnight the day before because I thought they didn't understand me. Therefore, I was still sleeping in the afternoon. Suddenly. I was woken up by my dog barking at the shaking window next to me. Small quick earthquakes are very common. in Peru, especially in the coastal regions, so ignored it and tried to calm my dog so could fall asleep again. I had walked 4 steps from the sofa to get her when the whole wall-length window broke in front of me, huge sharp pieces falling right into the sofa I had been lying in just seconds before.
Fully woken up, I could hear what sounded like a million car alarms ringing from the ground. My parents were still at work, and I was alone in a 10-floor flat with a panicking dog running circles around me, so I forced myself to get it together. I lifted my giant dog in my and ran into the emergency stairs. just ran and ran until could see some street lights since the building had no emergency lights and everything was dark. When I finally rushed through the door of the hall, I could see the road below me breaking and trees shaking from their roots up.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡得相应位置作答。
I stayed in the streets for about an hour until my parents arrived.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After the earthquake, I had a heart-to-heart talk with my parents.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 I stayed in the streets for about half an hour until my parents arrived. Nothing could ever describe my excitement when I found them alive. The world was still shaking but we ran across the fallen trees towards each other without any hesitation. The moment my parents hugged me tightly in their arms, tears of joy ran down our cheeks like rivers that wouldn't stop flowing. With dad leading the way through the ruins, the fear I had before was disappearing. Finding a corner to stay, we held our hands and waited until the earthquake passed.
After the earthquake, I had a heart-to-heart talk with my parents. It was the first time in years that we truly had listened to each other with patience. Not only did they hear my stresses and anxieties as a teenager but also I got their pressures and responsibilities as adults. Honestly speaking, the earthquake has changed my values of life. Roads could be rebuilt, houses repaired and trees planted. However,lost family members would never return. Seeing so many loving families torn apart, I found myself extremely lucky to have my family survive. It was only after this terrible disaster that realized nothing mattered more than the safety and happiness of my family.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者独自在家时发生了地震，起初作者不以为意，结果整面墙的窗户碎了，危急时刻作者强迫自己振作起来，抱起家里的狗，开始往楼下冲。后来，作者一家都平安无事，地震改变了作者的生活价值观，作者意识到没有什么比家人的安全和幸福更重要。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我在街上呆了大约半个小时，直到我父母回来。”可知，第一段可描写作者和父母团聚时的场景，他们相互拥抱着，快乐的泪水像河流一样流过他们的脸颊。
②由第二段首句内容“地震后，我和父母进行了一次坦诚的交谈。”可知，第二段可描写作者和父母在地震后谈心的经过以及作者从这次地震中的感悟。
2.续写线索：作者和父母团聚——一家人拥抱流泪——作者和父母谈心——作者理解父母——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
奔跑：run across /run down/rush
回家：return / go back home
幸存：find sb. alive / survive / come through
情绪类：
压力：stresses / anxieties / pressure/ with anxiety
幸福：happiness /lucky/ fortunate
【点睛】[高分句型1]
The moment my parents hugged me tightly in their arms, tears of joy ran down our cheeks like rivers that wouldn't stop flowing.运用that引导定语从句。
[高分句型2]
Not only did they hear my stresses and anxieties as a teenager but also I got their pressures and responsibilities as adults.运用部分倒装。