PAGE
第 5 页 共 5 页
课下主题训练 物质与非物质文化遗产
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Discoveries at the famous Sanxingdui ruins in Southwest China show that the region's ancient Shu Kingdom civilization shared similarities with the Mayan civilization.
The Sanxingdui ruins belonged to the Shu Kingdom that existed at least 4,800 years ago and lasted more than 2, 000 years, while the Mayan civilization built its city-states around 200 AD.
The bronze-made remains of trees unearthed at the ruins of the Shu Kingdom resemble the sacred ceiba tree, which symbolized the union of the world in the Mayan civilization.“It is a very important similarity，” says Santos，a Mexican archaeologist (考古学家), stressing that “The representations of trees in both cultures provide a symbolic significance that is very similar”．
The findings at the Sanxingdui ruins, considered one of the greatest archaeological discoveries of the 20th century, also show a new aspect of Bronze Age culture, indicating the ancient civilization already had technologies that were thought to have been developed much later.
While the time span between the Shu Kingdom and the Mayan culture is great, the findings highlight the closeness between the two civilizations.They developed in areas with comparable climates and reflected their worldview through related symbols.“In the end, man is still man, independent of time and space.What we have is that, at this latitude (纬度), both the Shu people and the Mayans looked at the same sky and had the same stars on the horizon，” the expert says.
One notable feature of the recent discoveries at Sanxingdui was the cross-subject work and technology applied by teams of Chinese archaeologists, which allowed the unearthing of artifacts as fragile as silk remains, which other types of less careful digging methods would not have been able to register.
Cooperation between Chinese and Mexican archaeologists could benefit projects in the Mayan world，where the rainy climate and humidity are problematic for the conservation of ruins.
“Every time our cultural knowledge increases, regardless of whether we speak one language or another, what it shows us is that we continue to be sister cultures and, therefore, the exchange of such knowledge is fundamental，” says Santos.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我国三星堆遗址与玛雅文明的相似之处。同时强调了文化知识交流的重要性。
1．What is a similarity between the Shu Kingdom and the Mayan civilization
A．Their starting time. B．Their historical origins.
C．Their cultural symbols. D．Their ceremony traditions.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The representations of trees in both cultures provide a symbolic significance that is very similar”可知，古蜀国文明和玛雅文明中的树木的表现形式有着非常相似的象征意义，即它们的相似性是考古中发现的树木的表现形式所代表的文化符号。
2．The findings at the Sanxingdui ruins have proved that ______.
A．silk was a common clothing material then
B．some technologies were developed much earlier
C．the Bronze Age started earlier than previously assumed
D．the Shu Kingdom and the Mayan world had close contact
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，三星堆遗址显示了青铜时代已经有了被认为是很久以后才发展起来的技术，即一些技术其实在很早以前就发展起来了。
3．What is a common challenge for the conservation of both ruins
A．Damp weather. B．Positioning of ruins.
C．High latitude. D．Language barriers.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“They developed in areas with comparable climates”和倒数第二段内容可知，两处遗址是在气候相似的地区发展起来的，玛雅的气候是多雨的和潮湿的，由此可推知，它们面临的共同挑战是潮湿气候。
4．What is the focus of Santos' quote in the last paragraph
A．The future of the China-Mexico cooperation.
B．The benefits of speaking a different language.
C．The importance of the exchange of cultural knowledge.
D．The increasing sisterhood in culture between China and Mexico.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“the exchange of such knowledge is fundamental”可知，Santos的引言的重点是强调文化知识交流的重要性。
B
Local officials in Beijing promised to further protect the city's cultural heritage (遗产), in particular the narrow streets known as Hutong.
Hutongs are commonly found in the cities of North China, but they are at risk.Beijing is currently believed to have fewer than 1,000 Hutongs, most of which are near the Forbidden City.Only 60 years ago, the number was 3,250.In the old districts of Dongcheng and Xicheng, some people will be asked to move from Hutong houses to avoid further damage to the ancient architecture.
“On average more than 100,000 people visit the Forbidden City during the National Day holidays.The visits put pressure on the protection of cultural relics，” said the director of the Beijing Municipal Commission of Urban Planning, adding that Hutongs should be protected from human damage.
The government focused on how the protection plans were carried out and how the management of cultural heritage worked.The head of the Xicheng district government said the area has 182 cultural relics, many of which were built as far back as the Yuan Dynasty (1271－1368)．“The most efficient way is to decrease the local population to reduce the possibility of causing harm to the heritage.”
“Each community has been required to report the status of its cultural heritage, especially Hutongs, and any actions to damage the heritage will be punished.”
No one knows for sure how many Hutongs will be left in the coming 100 years.
语篇解读：北京的胡同已不再是小小的街道，它记载着北京几百年的历史和文化。本文主要介绍了北京胡同的历史、现状及政府的保护措施。
5．How many Hutongs have disappeared in the past sixty years in Beijing
A．Fewer than 1,000. B．About 2,000.
C．More than 3,000. D．Over 4,000.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Beijing is currently believed to have fewer than 1,000 Hutongs, most of which are near the Forbidden City. Only 60 years ago, the number was 3,250.”可知，北京胡同的数量由60年前的3 250条减少至现在的不到1 000条，共减少了大约2 000条。故选B项。
6．Which of the following is the main reason for the damage to cultural relics
A．People's activity. B．Residents' attitude.
C．Communities' behavior. D．The governments' policy.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The visits put pressure on the protection of cultural relics”和“Hutongs should be protected from human damage”以及倒数第三段最后一句可知，文化遗迹遭到破坏的主要因素是人们的活动。
7．Which of the following is a useful way to protect Hutongs
A．To attract more visitors.
B．To forbid everyone from getting close to them.
C．To increase the local population.
D．To punish anyone damaging them.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“... any actions to damage the heritage will be punished.”可知，加大对破坏胡同行为的惩罚是保护胡同比较有用的措施，故选D项。
8．What is the author's attitude toward Hutongs
A．Optimistic. B．Pessimistic.
C．Uninterested. D．Appreciative.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，作者对胡同未来的命运深感担忧，持悲观态度。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
China is making great effort to protect its cultural relics.In early May, State Administration of Cultural Heritage (SACH) added nearly 2,000 unmovable cultural relics sites to the list.So the number of these sites on this list will increase to more than 4,000.__9__
The newly added sites were reviewed (评审) by more than 130 experts.They spread around Shaanxi, Henan, Hunan, Hebei and Jiangsu provinces, including nearly 800 pieces of ancient architecture and over 500 ancient ruins.__10__
In an interview, the head of the SACH said that new types of cultural relics sites have been newly listed to get protection at first, including industrial relics, rural architecture and cultural landscapes.__11__ For example, some are in the North China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.
Despite great achievements during the years of effort, problems still exist.__12__ Historic relics get stolen and antiques are taken abroad secretly.
The head of the SACH says that people has faced a challenge to the protection of cultural relics for a long time.So, balancing the relationship between economic development and protection of history is important.__13__He also used good examples of protection, describing how some cultural relics sites have become education bases for young people and popular tourist places, where a lot of people spend their holiday.
A．The SACH has found a total of more than 4,000 cultural relics.
B．They also include outstanding modern architecture.
C．Many relics have been destroyed in the process of urban construction.
D．All of them need protecting as quickly as possible.
E．Cultural relics sites should become positive factors to improve economic development.
F．When talking about protecting the cultural relics, the head of SACH ordered some to be saved.
G．Moreover, many of the new sites also include valuable cultural relics from ethnic minority regions (少数民族地区)．
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了国家文物局把一些文化遗迹增加到名单中，以使这些文化遗迹得到很好的保护。
9．选D 根据本段第一句可知，中国在文化遗迹保护方面一直在努力，今年又在不可移动文物名单上增加了接近2 000处，共有4 000多处，它们都需要尽快地得到保护。
10．选B 根据上句中的“including nearly 800 pieces of ancient architecture and over 500 ancient ruins”可知，这些新增加的文化遗迹包括接近800处古建筑和500多处古代废墟。B项是对此话题的进一步说明，即它们也包括一些杰出的现代建筑。
11．选G 根据下句“For example, some are in the North China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.”可以判断，前面说明的是少数民族地区的一些有价值的文化遗迹。
12．选C 根据上文中的“problems still exist”可知，空格处内容应为在文物保护工作中遇到的问题。
13．选E 此段说明人类应该在经济发展和保护文化遗迹之间取得平衡。只有E项(文化遗迹应该成为促进经济发展的积极因素)与段落大意相吻合。PAGE
第 5 页 共 5 页
课下主题训练 物质与非物质文化遗产
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Discoveries at the famous Sanxingdui ruins in Southwest China show that the region's ancient Shu Kingdom civilization shared similarities with the Mayan civilization.
The Sanxingdui ruins belonged to the Shu Kingdom that existed at least 4,800 years ago and lasted more than 2, 000 years, while the Mayan civilization built its city-states around 200 AD.
The bronze-made remains of trees unearthed at the ruins of the Shu Kingdom resemble the sacred ceiba tree, which symbolized the union of the world in the Mayan civilization.“It is a very important similarity，” says Santos，a Mexican archaeologist (考古学家), stressing that “The representations of trees in both cultures provide a symbolic significance that is very similar”．
The findings at the Sanxingdui ruins, considered one of the greatest archaeological discoveries of the 20th century, also show a new aspect of Bronze Age culture, indicating the ancient civilization already had technologies that were thought to have been developed much later.
While the time span between the Shu Kingdom and the Mayan culture is great, the findings highlight the closeness between the two civilizations.They developed in areas with comparable climates and reflected their worldview through related symbols.“In the end, man is still man, independent of time and space.What we have is that, at this latitude (纬度), both the Shu people and the Mayans looked at the same sky and had the same stars on the horizon，” the expert says.
One notable feature of the recent discoveries at Sanxingdui was the cross-subject work and technology applied by teams of Chinese archaeologists, which allowed the unearthing of artifacts as fragile as silk remains, which other types of less careful digging methods would not have been able to register.
Cooperation between Chinese and Mexican archaeologists could benefit projects in the Mayan world，where the rainy climate and humidity are problematic for the conservation of ruins.
“Every time our cultural knowledge increases, regardless of whether we speak one language or another, what it shows us is that we continue to be sister cultures and, therefore, the exchange of such knowledge is fundamental，” says Santos.
1．What is a similarity between the Shu Kingdom and the Mayan civilization
A．Their starting time. B．Their historical origins.
C．Their cultural symbols. D．Their ceremony traditions.
2．The findings at the Sanxingdui ruins have proved that ______.
A．silk was a common clothing material then
B．some technologies were developed much earlier
C．the Bronze Age started earlier than previously assumed
D．the Shu Kingdom and the Mayan world had close contact
3．What is a common challenge for the conservation of both ruins
A．Damp weather. B．Positioning of ruins.
C．High latitude. D．Language barriers.
4．What is the focus of Santos' quote in the last paragraph
A．The future of the China-Mexico cooperation.
B．The benefits of speaking a different language.
C．The importance of the exchange of cultural knowledge.
D．The increasing sisterhood in culture between China and Mexico.
B
Local officials in Beijing promised to further protect the city's cultural heritage (遗产), in particular the narrow streets known as Hutong.
Hutongs are commonly found in the cities of North China, but they are at risk.Beijing is currently believed to have fewer than 1,000 Hutongs, most of which are near the Forbidden City.Only 60 years ago, the number was 3,250.In the old districts of Dongcheng and Xicheng, some people will be asked to move from Hutong houses to avoid further damage to the ancient architecture.
“On average more than 100,000 people visit the Forbidden City during the National Day holidays.The visits put pressure on the protection of cultural relics，” said the director of the Beijing Municipal Commission of Urban Planning, adding that Hutongs should be protected from human damage.
The government focused on how the protection plans were carried out and how the management of cultural heritage worked.The head of the Xicheng district government said the area has 182 cultural relics, many of which were built as far back as the Yuan Dynasty (1271－1368)．“The most efficient way is to decrease the local population to reduce the possibility of causing harm to the heritage.”
“Each community has been required to report the status of its cultural heritage, especially Hutongs, and any actions to damage the heritage will be punished.”
No one knows for sure how many Hutongs will be left in the coming 100 years.
5．How many Hutongs have disappeared in the past sixty years in Beijing
A．Fewer than 1,000. B．About 2,000.
C．More than 3,000. D．Over 4,000.
6．Which of the following is the main reason for the damage to cultural relics
A．People's activity. B．Residents' attitude.
C．Communities' behavior. D．The governments' policy.
7．Which of the following is a useful way to protect Hutongs
A．To attract more visitors.
B．To forbid everyone from getting close to them.
C．To increase the local population.
D．To punish anyone damaging them.
8．What is the author's attitude toward Hutongs
A．Optimistic. B．Pessimistic.
C．Uninterested. D．Appreciative.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
China is making great effort to protect its cultural relics.In early May, State Administration of Cultural Heritage (SACH) added nearly 2,000 unmovable cultural relics sites to the list.So the number of these sites on this list will increase to more than 4,000.__9__
The newly added sites were reviewed (评审) by more than 130 experts.They spread around Shaanxi, Henan, Hunan, Hebei and Jiangsu provinces, including nearly 800 pieces of ancient architecture and over 500 ancient ruins.__10__
In an interview, the head of the SACH said that new types of cultural relics sites have been newly listed to get protection at first, including industrial relics, rural architecture and cultural landscapes.__11__ For example, some are in the North China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.
Despite great achievements during the years of effort, problems still exist.__12__ Historic relics get stolen and antiques are taken abroad secretly.
The head of the SACH says that people has faced a challenge to the protection of cultural relics for a long time.So, balancing the relationship between economic development and protection of history is important.__13__He also used good examples of protection, describing how some cultural relics sites have become education bases for young people and popular tourist places, where a lot of people spend their holiday.
A．The SACH has found a total of more than 4,000 cultural relics.
B．They also include outstanding modern architecture.
C．Many relics have been destroyed in the process of urban construction.
D．All of them need protecting as quickly as possible.
E．Cultural relics sites should become positive factors to improve economic development.
F．When talking about protecting the cultural relics, the head of SACH ordered some to be saved.
G．Moreover, many of the new sites also include valuable cultural relics from ethnic minority regions (少数民族地区)．PAGE
第 1 页 共 7 页
课下主题训练
体育活动、大型体育赛事、体育与健康、体育精神
Ⅰ.阅读理解
If we jump in the air as high as possible, we can stay off the ground for about half a second.Michael Jordan could stay airborne for almost one second while ski jumpers are able to do that for five to seven seconds as they travel about the length of a football field through the air.So how do they do this
Three major concepts from physics are at play in the ski jump: gravity, lift and drag.Gravity pulls any object in flight down toward the ground and there is nothing athletes can do to lessen its effect.But athletes also interact with the air as they move.It is this interaction that can produce lift, an upward force produced by air pushing on an object.If the force produced from lift roughly balances the force of gravity, the object can fly.The same interaction also produces drag.It resists the forward motion of any object and slows it down.
In the ski jump, jumpers start high up on a slope and then ski downhill to generate speed.Just before they reach the end of the slope, they jump.Once jumpers are in the air, the fun physics begins.They use careful body positioning to maximize lift while minimizing drag.To do this, they adjust their skis and bodies to keep nearly parallel (平行的) to the ground and place their skis in a V-shape just outside the form of the body.This position increases the surface area that generates lift and puts them in the ideal angle of attack that will also maximize lift.As drag reduces the speed of the jumpers, lift decreases and gravity continues to pull them.They will begin to fall faster and faster until they land.
As you tune in to the Olympics and wonder at the physical power of the athletes, take a moment to consider their mastery of the concepts of physics.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了跳台滑雪运动员可以飞在空中的物理学原理和他们的运动流程等。
1．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 refer to
A．Staying longer in the air.
B．Traveling forward slower.
C．Falling down the hill faster.
D．Jumping higher than average people.
解析：选A 代词指代题。根据语境可知，this所在句中的“they”指的是“ski jumpers”，画线词“this”指代的是“ski jumpers所做的事情”。前一句讲到“ski jumpers are able to do that for five to seven seconds”，其中that指的是“stay airborne”，故画线词this指代的是“stay airborne for five to seven seconds”，故A 项“在空中待更长时间”正确。
2．How can ski jumpers fly in the air according to Paragraph 2
A．They make use of the interaction with air.
B．They get more gravity than lift.
C．They keep a good balance while skiing.
D．They get rid of the effect of gravity.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But athletes also interact with the air ...the object can fly.”可知，运动员与空气相互作用会产生升力，如果升力与重力大致平衡的话，运动员就可以飞起来了。所以，跳台滑雪运动员之所以能够飞起来是因为利用了与空气间的相互作用。
3．What does Paragraph 3 mainly discuss about the ski jump
A．Its training equipment. B．Its safety guidelines.
C．Its major concepts. D．Its basic routine.
解析：选D 段落大意题。根据第三段的内容可以看出，本段主要讲了跳台滑雪运动员的整个运动流程。
4．What may be the best title for the text
A．Ski jumpers flying in the sky
B．Falling or flying is your choice
C．Physics: as difficult as imagined
D．Ski jump booming in the Olympics
解析：选A 标题归纳题。本文第一段引入话题“为什么跳台滑雪运动员可以在空中待更长时间”，第二段揭示了其背后的物理学原理，第三段讲述了跳台滑雪运动员的整个运动流程，最后一段总结话题，提醒大家下次观看跳台滑雪运动时细想运动员对物理概念的掌握，故A项“飞在空中的跳台滑雪运动员”既能概括主题，又能激起读者的好奇心，适合作本文的标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Everyone wants the best for their kids, but no one knows what that is.It might be winning, or it might just be the opposite: __5__.
I've learned this as a hockey (冰球)__6__.In 2013, my son's team__7__lost more than three straight games.It was a pretty good hockey season, during which he__8__ as a player but did not much change as a person.For that, you need to lose and that is what __9__ the next year. His team lost 40 of their first 50 games. For a time, I__10__ that these failures would __11__ my child's love of the game.But that didn't happen.The failure made some kids give up, leaving just the__12__hockey-lovers behind.The__13__ of the team players has decreased from 17 to 12.It was especially__14__ for my kid.It taught him a great__15__ of the world: For everyone good, there is someone better.For everything big, there is something bigger.
In this way, he learned__16__， and remembered what it was that he'd __17__ about the game in the first place.The kids were learning from this process.Each player got to play and learn the role of every position on the __18__.__19__， they kept an eye on their__20__ too, studying the__21__to defeat them.They had learned the most important__22__： You can lose without being__23__.
They managed to enter the state tournament, then__24__ it all the way to the final.When they lost the final and went into the handshake line, it was not as silver medal winners but as a team that had been made into winners in the only way that will stick — by losing.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者的儿子从冰球比赛接二连三的失败中领悟到：人外有人，天外有天。
5．A.accomplishing B．succeeding
C．losing D．quitting
解析：选C 根据上文中的“It might be winning, or it might just be the opposite”可知，此处应指最好的可能是获胜，也可能是失败。C项意为“失败”，符合语境。
6．A.player B．coach
C．parent D．fan
解析：选C 根据下文中的“my son's team________lost more than three straight games”可知，作者是一个冰球队员的家长。
7．A.even B．never
C．already D．ever
解析：选B 根据下文“It was a pretty good hockey season ... the next year.His team lost 40 of their first 50 games.”可知，作者的儿子所在的球队从未连输三场以上。
8．A.failed B．practiced
C．weakened D．improved
解析：选D 根据上文中的“It was a pretty good hockey season”以及下文“but did not much change as a person”及语境可知，此处指作为一名运动员，作者儿子的技术有所进步。D项意为“提高，改善”，符合语境。
9．A.repeated B．happened
C．transformed D．concluded
解析：选B 根据下文“His team lost 40 of their first 50 games.”可知，此处指你需要经历失败，这就是第二年发生的事情：作者儿子所在的球队在前50场比赛中输了40场。
10．A.worried B．hoped
C．ensured D．promised
解析：选A 根据上文“His team lost 40 of their first 50 games.”可知，作者对儿子球队的失败感到很担心。
11．A.robbed B．increased
C．cured D．killed
解析：选D 根据语境可知，作者担心这些失败会扼杀儿子对冰球的热爱。D项意为“扼杀，使停止”，符合语境。
12．A.casual B．generous
C．faithful D．fake
解析：选C 根据上文中的“But that didn't happen.The failure made some kids give up, leaving”可知，此处指这次失败让一些孩子放弃了，留下的只有忠实的冰球爱好者。C项意为“忠实的，忠诚的”，符合语境。
13．A.score B．grade
C．number D．amount
解析：选C 根据下文中的“of the team players has decreased from 17 to 12”可知，此处指球队队员的数量从17人减少到12人。C项意为“数量”，其后加可数名词复数，符合语境。D项常构成an amount of，与不可数名词连用。
14．A.terrible B．unlucky
C．cruel D．educational
解析：选D 根据下文中的“It taught him a great______”可知，此处指这对作者的儿子来说特别有教育意义。D项意为“有教育意义的，教育的”，符合语境。
15．A.truth B．rule
C．value D．aspect
解析：选A 根据下文中的“For everyone good, there is someone better.For everything big, there is something bigger”可知，这次失败的经历教会作者的儿子一个事实：人外有人，天外有天。A项意为“事实，真相”，符合语境。
16．A.determination B．competition
C．cooperation D．modesty
解析：选D 根据语境可知，作者的儿子明白了人外有人，天外有天，也学会了谦虚。D项意为“谦虚，谦逊”，符合语境。
17．A.argued B．knew
C．loved D．learned
解析：选C 根据上文中的“leaving just the________hockey-lovers behind”以及下文中的“about the game in the first place”可知，此处指作者的儿子记得自己起初因什么而喜爱这项运动。
18．A.ground B．grassland
C．field D．ice
解析：选D 根据上文“I've learned this as a hockey (冰球)________．”可知，此处指每名球员都要了解在冰上打冰球时每个位置的职责。
19．A.Besides B．Therefore
C．Otherwise D．Instead
解析：选A 根据下文中的“they kept an eye on their________too, studying the________to defeat them”可知，此处指此外，他们还学习一些其他技巧。A项意为“此外”，符合语境。
20．A.teammates B．competitors
C．audience D．cheerleaders
解析：选B 根据下文中的“studying the________to defeat them”可知，此处指他们还要留意对手。B项意为“竞争者”，符合语境。
21．A.tricks B．factors
C．effects D．causes
解析：选A 根据语境可知，此处指他们需要掌握一些诀窍来击败对手。A项意为“诀窍”，符合语境。
22．A.speech B．lesson
C．lecture D．topic
解析：选B 根据语境可知，此处指他们从中学到了一个重要的教训。B项意为“教训”，符合语境。
23．A.beaten B．copied
C．modelled D．abandoned
解析：选A 根据语境可知，此处指你可以输，但不可以被打败。A项意为“打败”，符合语境。
24．A.took B．made
C．put D．carried
解析：选B 根据语境可知，此处指他们设法进入州际锦标赛，然后一路击败对手从而进入决赛。make it为固定短语，意为“获得成功，成功做到”，符合语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Skiing is an extremely popular sport that is enjoyed worldwide. The oldest and most accurately documented evidence of skiing origin is found in modern day Norway and Sweden. __1__ word “ski” comes from the Old Norse word “skie”， __2__ (mean) split (劈开的) pieces of wood or firewood.
Skiing has evolved into two major different types: Alpine skiing and Nordic skiing. Alpine skiing, also __3__ (refer) to as downhill skiing, perhaps is the most popular form of skiing. It originated in the European Alps, and is characterized by fixed-heel bindings (捆绑物) that attach at both the front and the heel (脚后跟) of the __4__ (skier) boot. The boots are reinforced plastic that __5__ (steady) hold the foot to the ski, and ski poles are used. Downhill skis vary __6__ length and shape depending on the height of the player and the type of snow they will be skiing.
Nordic skiing, also known as “cross country” skiing, __7__ (involve) skiing over flat ground. Most Nordic country skis are long and thin, allowing the weight of the skier __8__ (distribute) quickly. Cross country skiers use poles to drive __9__ (they) forward. Cross country boots are attached to the ski at the toe with a binding, __10__ the heel remains free.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项在全世界都很受欢迎的运动——滑雪，介绍了它的历史、类型以及特点等。
1．The 考查冠词。空格后名词word特指ski这个单词，应用定冠词the限定。故填The。
2．meaning 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空格处为非谓语，动词mean和主语ski之间是主动关系，应用其现在分词作状语。故填meaning。
3．referred 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空格处为非谓语动词，动词短语refer to和所修饰的名词Alpine skiing之间是被动关系，应用其过去分词作定语，相当于非限制性定语从句which is referred to。故填referred。
4．skier's 考查名词所有格。分析句子可知，空格后名词boot和名词skier是所属关系，且特指skier这类人，故用其单数形式的所有格。故填skier's。
5．steadily 考查副词。修饰动词hold要用副词。故填steadily。
6．in 考查介词。vary in“在……方面变化；在……方面有差异”是固定短语。故填in。
7．involves 考查时态和主谓一致。此处描述一般客观事实，用一般现在时。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，主语Nordic skiing是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填involves。
8．to be distributed 考查非谓语动词。allow sb./sth. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”是动词习惯用法，动词不定式作宾补，及物动词distribute“分配；分散”和所修饰的名词短语the weight of the skier之间是被动关系，故用其不定式的被动式作宾补。故填to be distributed。
9．themselves 考查代词。动词drive的动作对象就是主语Cross country skiers自身，应用they的反身代词作宾语。故填themselves。
10．but/while 考查连词。后文the heel remains free和前文Cross country boots are attached to the ski at the toe with a binding之间存在转折或对比的关系，所以可以用but或while连接。故填but/while。PAGE
第 1 页 共 7 页
课下主题训练
体育活动、大型体育赛事、体育与健康、体育精神
Ⅰ.阅读理解
If we jump in the air as high as possible, we can stay off the ground for about half a second.Michael Jordan could stay airborne for almost one second while ski jumpers are able to do that for five to seven seconds as they travel about the length of a football field through the air.So how do they do this
Three major concepts from physics are at play in the ski jump: gravity, lift and drag.Gravity pulls any object in flight down toward the ground and there is nothing athletes can do to lessen its effect.But athletes also interact with the air as they move.It is this interaction that can produce lift, an upward force produced by air pushing on an object.If the force produced from lift roughly balances the force of gravity, the object can fly.The same interaction also produces drag.It resists the forward motion of any object and slows it down.
In the ski jump, jumpers start high up on a slope and then ski downhill to generate speed.Just before they reach the end of the slope, they jump.Once jumpers are in the air, the fun physics begins.They use careful body positioning to maximize lift while minimizing drag.To do this, they adjust their skis and bodies to keep nearly parallel (平行的) to the ground and place their skis in a V-shape just outside the form of the body.This position increases the surface area that generates lift and puts them in the ideal angle of attack that will also maximize lift.As drag reduces the speed of the jumpers, lift decreases and gravity continues to pull them.They will begin to fall faster and faster until they land.
As you tune in to the Olympics and wonder at the physical power of the athletes, take a moment to consider their mastery of the concepts of physics.
1．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 refer to
A．Staying longer in the air.
B．Traveling forward slower.
C．Falling down the hill faster.
D．Jumping higher than average people.
2．How can ski jumpers fly in the air according to Paragraph 2
A．They make use of the interaction with air.
B．They get more gravity than lift.
C．They keep a good balance while skiing.
D．They get rid of the effect of gravity.
3．What does Paragraph 3 mainly discuss about the ski jump
A．Its training equipment. B．Its safety guidelines.
C．Its major concepts. D．Its basic routine.
4．What may be the best title for the text
A．Ski jumpers flying in the sky
B．Falling or flying is your choice
C．Physics: as difficult as imagined
D．Ski jump booming in the Olympics
Ⅱ.完形填空
Everyone wants the best for their kids, but no one knows what that is.It might be winning, or it might just be the opposite: __5__.
I've learned this as a hockey (冰球)__6__.In 2013, my son's team__7__lost more than three straight games.It was a pretty good hockey season, during which he__8__ as a player but did not much change as a person.For that, you need to lose and that is what __9__ the next year. His team lost 40 of their first 50 games. For a time, I__10__ that these failures would __11__ my child's love of the game.But that didn't happen.The failure made some kids give up, leaving just the__12__hockey-lovers behind.The__13__ of the team players has decreased from 17 to 12.It was especially__14__ for my kid.It taught him a great__15__ of the world: For everyone good, there is someone better.For everything big, there is something bigger.
In this way, he learned__16__， and remembered what it was that he'd __17__ about the game in the first place.The kids were learning from this process.Each player got to play and learn the role of every position on the __18__.__19__， they kept an eye on their__20__ too, studying the__21__to defeat them.They had learned the most important__22__： You can lose without being__23__.
They managed to enter the state tournament, then__24__ it all the way to the final.When they lost the final and went into the handshake line, it was not as silver medal winners but as a team that had been made into winners in the only way that will stick — by losing.
5．A.accomplishing B．succeeding
C．losing D．quitting
6．A.player B．coach
C．parent D．fan
7．A.even B．never
C．already D．ever
8．A.failed B．practiced
C．weakened D．improved
9．A.repeated B．happened
C．transformed D．concluded
10．A.worried B．hoped
C．ensured D．promised
11．A.robbed B．increased
C．cured D．killed
12．A.casual B．generous
C．faithful D．fake
13．A.score B．grade
C．number D．amount
14．A.terrible B．unlucky
C．cruel D．educational
15．A.truth B．rule
C．value D．aspect
16．A.determination B．competition
C．cooperation D．modesty
17．A.argued B．knew
C．loved D．learned
18．A.ground B．grassland
C．field D．ice
19．A.Besides B．Therefore
C．Otherwise D．Instead
20．A.teammates B．competitors
C．audience D．cheerleaders
21．A.tricks B．factors
C．effects D．causes
22．A.speech B．lesson
C．lecture D．topic
23．A.beaten B．copied
C．modelled D．abandoned
24．A.took B．made
C．put D．carried
Ⅲ.语法填空
Skiing is an extremely popular sport that is enjoyed worldwide. The oldest and most accurately documented evidence of skiing origin is found in modern day Norway and Sweden. __1__ word “ski” comes from the Old Norse word “skie”， __2__ (mean) split (劈开的) pieces of wood or firewood.
Skiing has evolved into two major different types: Alpine skiing and Nordic skiing. Alpine skiing, also __3__ (refer) to as downhill skiing, perhaps is the most popular form of skiing. It originated in the European Alps, and is characterized by fixed-heel bindings (捆绑物) that attach at both the front and the heel (脚后跟) of the __4__ (skier) boot. The boots are reinforced plastic that __5__ (steady) hold the foot to the ski, and ski poles are used. Downhill skis vary __6__ length and shape depending on the height of the player and the type of snow they will be skiing.
Nordic skiing, also known as “cross country” skiing, __7__ (involve) skiing over flat ground. Most Nordic country skis are long and thin, allowing the weight of the skier __8__ (distribute) quickly. Cross country skiers use poles to drive __9__ (they) forward. Cross country boots are attached to the ski at the toe with a binding, __10__ the heel remains free.PAGE
第 4 页 共 4 页
课下主题训练
科技发展与信息技术创新，科学精神，信息安全
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Sometimes a book comes along that isn't just “interesting” or “well done” — it's a book where it seems like the author looked into your brain and wrote a book specifically for you.A book like that for me was released last week.It's called 100 Things We've Lost to the Internet, written by editor Pamela Paul.
Paul lists 100 things we used to do that the Internet has either changed or taken over completely: writing letters, printing newspapers, the joys of being bored, and not having all the knowledge in the world in your pocket.
As I often accumulate random knowledge, certain entries on the list — Being the Only One, Figuring Out Who That Actor Is — hit_me_where_I_live;_remembering detailed facts is no longer nearly as impressive when everyone has the capability to find the answer in seconds.
On and on the list goes, with every minor shift adding to the pile.What this book does so well is illustrate the growth of that pile; while any individual item might be no big deal, the collected set is significant.It's a list of ways in which the world now is different from the world then.
Obviously, Paul isn't saying that everything back then was better.Time marches on, after all, and it's tough to argue against the many benefits that the Internet has brought into our lives.But that isn't really the point.It's not about whether it used to be better.It's that it used to be different.
100 Things We've Lost to the Internet is a fun read for those of us who share some of Paul's memories and experience.We remember what it was like and we like to remember.The landscape has shifted, and no doubt it will shift again as technology's advancement continues apace.This book serves as a reminder of the simple truth that when gains are made, sometimes something is lost.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一本名叫《被网络夺走的100种事物》的好书。
1．What is the purpose of the text
A．To review and recommend a good read.
B．To comment on the effect of the Internet.
C．To argue for the viewpoint of a new book.
D．To urge the readers to value what they have.
解析：选A 写作意图题。根据第一段的描述可知，作者是在评论一本好书。下面的内容都是在介绍此书，故本文的写作目的是对这本好读物的评论和推荐。
2．Which might be entries on Paul's list
A．Maps and Eye Contact.
B．E-pay and Compact Disks.
C．Postcards and Homeschooling.
D．Photos and Washing Machines.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句中的“Paul lists 100 ...taken over completely”可知，Paul所列的100种事物是我们过去常做的，但被现在的网络改变或完全夺走的事物，故A项(地图和目光交流)可能进入Paul的列表中。
3．What do the underlined words “hit me where I live” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Prove what I'm good at.
B．Introduce how I grew up.
C．Describe the place I live in.
D．Speak out what is on my mind.
解析：选D 词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“it's a book ... for you”和第三段中的“As I often accumulate ...hit me where I live”可知，作者认为一本好书的作者似乎就在洞察你的内心，由于作者经常积累不认识的知识，故入选该书的某些事物吸引了作者，由此可推知，Being the Only One, Figuring Out Who That Actor Is应该是说出了作者的内心。
4．What conclusion has the author drawn after reading Paul's book
A．Things in the past are better.
B．There're no gains without pains.
C．The Internet is a double-edged sword.
D．Technology is constantly changing the world.
解析：选D 推理判断题。 根据最后一段中的“The landscape has ... continues apace.”可知，作者认为局面已经变化了，并且毫无疑问的是随着科技的迅速进步，局面将再次发生变化。故可推知读完这本书后作者认为科技在不断地改变着世界。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Internet memes (网络爆红) can broadly be considered social or cultural ideas that are widely spread on the Internet.
In 1976, biologist Richard Dawkins __1__ (use) the word “meme” in his book The Selfish Gene to explain how cultural information and social memories spread from person to person.
Memes are not something new. In fact, memes can date back to the days __2__ cultural ideas were spread by word of mouth such as stories and jokes. In __3__ past, a cultural idea might spread from person to person through speech. Today, an Internet meme can spread much __4__ (rapidly) through emails, text messages and website links.
Most Internet memes are based on things people find __5__ (interest) and they attract a wide audience. Internet memes can also be related to other things, though. For example, it is possible __6__ (find) Internet memes about made-up stories, social commentary, and some other __7__ (subject)．
Most Internet memes __8__ (create) and spread by teens. They get access __9__ the Internet world at a very young age and enjoy __10__ (share) their experiences with others through the Internet.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是网络爆红。
1．used 由时间状语In 1976可判断，该处用一般过去时。
2．when 该空考查定语从句，先行词是the days，关系词在从句中作时间状语，故填when。
3．the in the past“在过去”。
4．more rapidly 由空前的much可知，该空用rapidly的比较级。
5．interesting 该空用形容词作定语从句中宾语的补足语来说明宾语的特征。
6．to find it is possible to do sth.“可能做某事”。
7．subjects 由some other可知，该空填subject的复数形式。
8．are created create和Internet memes之间是动宾关系，用被动语态；该句描述客观事实，用一般现在时。
9．to get access to ...“进入……”。
10．sharing enjoy doing sth.“喜爱做某事”。
Ⅲ.短文改错
Computers
The goal of early calculating machines was simplify difficult sums.But under the help of new technology, electronic chips replaced tubes and a revolution of artificial intelligent has arisen.From then on, the appearance of computers total changed our lives.They can not only download information from the web when collect by the network or mobile phone signals, but also solve different type of logical problems.With operators as their coaches, they can even control rockets to explore the moon and instructed androids with the human race's characters to mop floors and watch over your naughty niece.Anyhow, computers are very helpful that they do bring happiness.
Therefore, computers are easily attacked by viruses.This reality has become a hard-to-deal-with problem.As a result of, computers are dangerous in a way.So, personally, I worry about their universal applications in some fields, such as finance.
答案：第一句：was后加to
第二句：under→with; intelligent→intelligence
第三句：total→totally
第四句：collect→collected; type→types
第五句：instructed→instruct
第六句：very→so
第七句：Therefore→However
第九句：去掉of
Ⅳ.书面表达
假定你是李华，你的澳大利亚笔友Peter发邮件向你询问你校的家校共育活动的开展情况。请回复邮件向他作简要介绍，内容包括：
1．活动目的；
2．活动形式(如家长学校、开放周等)；
3．你最感兴趣的活动形式及理由。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
Dear Peter，
I am so glad to hear from you. Now I'm writing to tell you something about the cooperation of home and school in education.
This kind of education aims to improve the understanding of parents in their kids and their kids' study, as well as the ways of teaching. And in the cooperation, parents are invited to classrooms to experience the atmosphere in class, and observe their kids' performances. Besides, we also hold some small group talks or forums for parents to take part in. In fact, I am very fond of this kind of education, especially the forums, because my parents and I can understand each other more deeply than before.
Hoping this is useful to you and best wishes.
Yours sincerely，
Li HuaPAGE
第 4 页 共 4 页
课下主题训练
科技发展与信息技术创新，科学精神，信息安全
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Sometimes a book comes along that isn't just “interesting” or “well done” — it's a book where it seems like the author looked into your brain and wrote a book specifically for you.A book like that for me was released last week.It's called 100 Things We've Lost to the Internet, written by editor Pamela Paul.
Paul lists 100 things we used to do that the Internet has either changed or taken over completely: writing letters, printing newspapers, the joys of being bored, and not having all the knowledge in the world in your pocket.
As I often accumulate random knowledge, certain entries on the list — Being the Only One, Figuring Out Who That Actor Is — hit_me_where_I_live;_remembering detailed facts is no longer nearly as impressive when everyone has the capability to find the answer in seconds.
On and on the list goes, with every minor shift adding to the pile.What this book does so well is illustrate the growth of that pile; while any individual item might be no big deal, the collected set is significant.It's a list of ways in which the world now is different from the world then.
Obviously, Paul isn't saying that everything back then was better.Time marches on, after all, and it's tough to argue against the many benefits that the Internet has brought into our lives.But that isn't really the point.It's not about whether it used to be better.It's that it used to be different.
100 Things We've Lost to the Internet is a fun read for those of us who share some of Paul's memories and experience.We remember what it was like and we like to remember.The landscape has shifted, and no doubt it will shift again as technology's advancement continues apace.This book serves as a reminder of the simple truth that when gains are made, sometimes something is lost.
1．What is the purpose of the text
A．To review and recommend a good read.
B．To comment on the effect of the Internet.
C．To argue for the viewpoint of a new book.
D．To urge the readers to value what they have.
2．Which might be entries on Paul's list
A．Maps and Eye Contact.
B．E-pay and Compact Disks.
C．Postcards and Homeschooling.
D．Photos and Washing Machines.
3．What do the underlined words “hit me where I live” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Prove what I'm good at.
B．Introduce how I grew up.
C．Describe the place I live in.
D．Speak out what is on my mind.
4．What conclusion has the author drawn after reading Paul's book
A．Things in the past are better.
B．There're no gains without pains.
C．The Internet is a double-edged sword.
D．Technology is constantly changing the world.
Ⅱ.语法填空
Internet memes (网络爆红) can broadly be considered social or cultural ideas that are widely spread on the Internet.
In 1976, biologist Richard Dawkins __1__ (use) the word “meme” in his book The Selfish Gene to explain how cultural information and social memories spread from person to person.
Memes are not something new. In fact, memes can date back to the days __2__ cultural ideas were spread by word of mouth such as stories and jokes. In __3__ past, a cultural idea might spread from person to person through speech. Today, an Internet meme can spread much __4__ (rapidly) through emails, text messages and website links.
Most Internet memes are based on things people find __5__ (interest) and they attract a wide audience. Internet memes can also be related to other things, though. For example, it is possible __6__ (find) Internet memes about made-up stories, social commentary, and some other __7__ (subject)．
Most Internet memes __8__ (create) and spread by teens. They get access __9__ the Internet world at a very young age and enjoy __10__ (share) their experiences with others through the Internet.
Ⅲ.短文改错
Computers
The goal of early calculating machines was simplify difficult sums.But under the help of new technology, electronic chips replaced tubes and a revolution of artificial intelligent has arisen.From then on, the appearance of computers total changed our lives.They can not only download information from the web when collect by the network or mobile phone signals, but also solve different type of logical problems.With operators as their coaches, they can even control rockets to explore the moon and instructed androids with the human race's characters to mop floors and watch over your naughty niece.Anyhow, computers are very helpful that they do bring happiness.
Therefore, computers are easily attacked by viruses.This reality has become a hard-to-deal-with problem.As a result of, computers are dangerous in a way.So, personally, I worry about their universal applications in some fields, such as finance.
Ⅳ.书面表达
假定你是李华，你的澳大利亚笔友Peter发邮件向你询问你校的家校共育活动的开展情况。请回复邮件向他作简要介绍，内容包括：
1．活动目的；
2．活动形式(如家长学校、开放周等)；
3．你最感兴趣的活动形式及理由。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。PAGE
第 7 页 共 7 页
课下主题训练 人与环境、人与动植物
Ⅰ.阅读理解
John Dominis was one of the staff photographers of LIFE.He joined LIFE in 1950 and shot one of the most classic pictures of the 20th century: Tommie Smith and John Carlos giving the Black Power salute at the 1968 Olympics in Mexico City.
Here, LIFE looks back at one of his lesser-known shoots — the African Antelope, which was a cover story that earned him Magazine Photographer of the Year in 1966 and later became a book.In the Editor's Note that accompanies the story, Dominis described how he was able to get the dramatic photo without a telephoto lens.
“I wanted to get low-angle shots that gave a dramatic sense of their speed.I built boxes and mounted cameras in them，” Dominis explained.“John Mbuthi and I worked for three weeks with them.We'd go a mile ahead of a herd and put down the boxes and hide them.Then we'd hide a quarter of a mile away and wait maybe for several hours.Meanwhile the light might change and there was no way I could change the exposures in the cameras.If the animal reached the boxes, I pushed the button that set off the cameras by a radio signal and ran off a whole roll of film.I must have exposed 40 rolls, but ended up with only one really good photo.”
The Briscoe Center recently acquired John Dominis' works.“These pictures and collections have something to say about how Americans perceive the outside world，” said Ben Wright of the Briscoe Center.“They are not only beautiful and interesting, but also historical evidences that help historians to understand the past with accuracy and integrity.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了摄影师John Dominis拍摄非洲羚羊照片的过程，以及人们对他作品的看法。
1．What contributed to Dominis' winning Magazine Photographer of the Year in 1966
A．His close cooperation with John Mbuthi.
B．His qualified skills in photography.
C．His photo of the African Antelope.
D．His famous shot about the 1968 Olympics.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Here, LIFE looks back ...later became a book.”可知，《生活》杂志回顾了Dominis不太为人所知的拍摄非洲羚羊的过程，这张照片为他赢得了年度杂志摄影师的称号。故非洲羚羊照片让Dominis成为1966年的年度杂志摄影师。
2．What does the underlined word “mounted” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Fixed. B．Gave.
C．Adjusted. D．Focused.
解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据画线词上句和其所在句可知，Dominis想要拍摄低角度的照片，向人们展示羚羊速度的夸张，所以做了一些盒子。由此可推知，Dominis应是在盒子里面安装了摄像机。故画线词应意为“安装”。
3．What would Dominis do if the antelopes reached the boxes
A．Send a signal to the radio.
B．Operate the cameras remotely.
C．Press the button on the camera.
D．Hide a quarter of a mile away.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If the animal reached ...a whole roll of film.”可知， 如果羚羊到了盒子边，Dominis就按下按钮，通过无线电信号启动摄像机，然后拍下一整卷胶卷，即Dominis会远程操作摄像机。
4．Which can best describe Dominis at work
A．Strict and positive.
B．Flexible and modest.
C．Curious and independent.
D．Creative and determined.
解析：选D 推理判断题。 根据第三段中的“I wanted to ...in them”可知，Dominis为了拍摄低角度的照片制作了盒子并在里面装上摄像机，说明他具有创造性；结合“wait maybe for several hours”可知，他为了一张照片可能会等待好几个小时，说明他意志力坚定。由此可知，Dominis有创造力并且意志力坚定。
Ⅱ.完形填空
I enjoy feeding birds in my garden. About three years ago, a baby chipmunk (花栗鼠) which I named Chip came to this festive display. Over that summer, I watched it __5__. The next summer, the chipmunk was back, and I wondered whether it would __6__ me to feed it by hand or let me pet it. Before Chip would approach, I'd __7__ its favorite food, bend down and keep very __8__. I'd leave my open hand __9__， unmoving, so the animal would know I wouldn't __10__ it. I continued doing this for a few weeks.
__11__， late in that second summer, Chip did show more trust. One day as I __12__ a seed with my fingertips, it approached and __13__ took the seed into its mouth. It never bit my fingers.
I was happy that Chip and I had made a(n) __14__ of trust.
After about two months of this __15__， I went further. With my index finger, I __16__ its back once gently. I'm not even sure Chip felt it, but it didn't __17__. I then moved my two fingers slowly and gently over it. __18__， Chip stayed calm, eating seeds, before running quickly back into the bush.
Today, the chipmunk comes out of hiding when I call its name, and lets me __19__ its soft, silky body.
A friend once mentioned that after she __20__ a dog, she noticed that her high blood pressure had approached __21__ without medication, and she became calmer and could handle stress better. I think I, too, feel __22__ from my interactions with Chip.
I've also developed a greater __23__ for nature and its creatures and the opportunity to observe, protect and save wildlife. Most of all, I am amazed by the __24__ of a tiny chipmunk to meet me halfway in trust.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。“我”家院子里有一只小花栗鼠，整个夏天“我”都观察它慢慢长大，“我”给它喂食，慢慢地取得了它的信任，如今只要一叫它的名字，它就跑出来让“我”抚摸。“我”更加尊重大自然和它的生物，并有机会观察、保护和拯救野生动物。
5．A.eat B．grow
C．play D．jump
解析：选B 根据上文的“a baby chipmunk (花栗鼠)”可知，作者描写的是一只幼年花栗鼠；结合该句中的“Over that summer, I watched it”可推知，整个夏天，作者都在观察它长大。B项意为“长大，成长”，故B项正确。
6．A.praise B．beg
C．inspire D．trust
解析：选D 根据该句语境，并结合下文第二段第一句中的“trust”可推知，第二年夏天，花栗鼠回来了，作者不知道它是否还信任自己，让作者亲手喂它、抚摸它。D项意为“信任”，故D项正确。
7．A.put off B．put up
C．put down D．hang up
解析：选C 根据该句中的“Before Chip would approach, I'd ______ its favorite food”，并结合常识可知，在这只花栗鼠靠近作者之前，作者放下它喜欢的食物。C项意为“放下”，故C项正确。
8．A.anxious B．excited
C．still D．curious
解析：选C 根据该句语境，并结合下文中的“unmoving”可推知，在这只花栗鼠靠近作者之前，作者放下它喜欢的食物，弯下腰，保持静止不动的状态。C项意为“静止的”，故C项正确。
9．A.in public B．in place
C．in return D．in turn
解析：选B 根据语境以及该句中的“unmoving”可知，作者将张开的双手保持在适当的位置上，一动不动，这样这只花栗鼠就知道作者不会去抓(grab)它。B项意为“在正确位置”，故B项正确。
10．A.grab B．remove
C．bite D．throw
解析：选A 参见上题解析。A项意为“抓住”，故A项正确。B项意为“移开”；C项意为“咬”；D项意为“扔”。
11．A.Initially B．Unusually
C．Obviously D．Finally
解析：选D 根据上文“I continued doing this for a few weeks”，并结合该句“late in that second summer, Chip did show more trust”可知，最后，这只花栗鼠更加信任作者了。D项意为“最后，终于”，故D项正确。
12．A.found B．planted
C．offered D．produced
解析：选C 根据该句“ One day as I ______ a seed with my fingertips ... into its mouth”可知，一天，作者用指尖提供给它一粒种子时，它向作者靠近了。C项意为“提供”，故C项正确。
13．A.cautiously B．aggressively
C．comfortably D．confidently
解析：选A 根据语境以及下文“It never bit my fingers”可知，花栗鼠谨慎地把种子放进嘴里。A项意为“谨慎地”，符合语境，故A项正确。
14．A.promise B．breakthrough
C．introduction D．experience
解析：选B 根据上文可知，花栗鼠开始从作者的手中取食，而且没有咬作者；结合该句语境可推知，作者和花栗鼠之间的信任取得了突破。 B项意为“突破”，故B项正确。
15．A.education B．discovery
C．routine D．resolution
解析：选C 根据上文可知，花栗鼠开始从作者的手中取食，作者和花栗鼠之间的信任取得了突破；结合该句“After about two months of this ________， I went further”可推知，这种日常的行为进行了两个月之后，作者能更进一步(接近它)了。C项意为“常规”，符合语境。
16．A.knocked B．brushed
C．rocked D．touched
解析：选D 根据该句“With my index finger, I ________ its back once gently”可知，作者用食指轻轻地触摸它的后背。D项意为“触摸”，故D项正确。
17．A.run away B．rush out
C．give away D．turn up
解析：选A 根据上文可知，花栗鼠开始信任作者了；结合该句“I'm not even sure Chip felt it, but it didn't ________”可推知，作者用食指触摸它时，它没有跑开。A项意为“逃跑”，故A项正确。B项意为“赶制”；C项意为“泄露”；D项意为“出现”。
18．A.However B．Again
C．So D．Therefore
解析：选B 根据上文可知，作者触摸花栗鼠的后背时，它并没有逃跑，接着作者用两个手指慢慢地轻抚它；结合该句中的“Chip stayed calm, eating seeds”可知，花栗鼠再次保持镇静。B项意为“再一次”，故B项正确。
19．A.admire B．support
C．pet D．lift
解析：选C 根据上文可知，作者和花栗鼠之间建立了信任，作者用手指抚摸它，它没有跑开；结合该句语境可知，如今，作者一叫它的名字，这只花栗鼠就从躲藏的地方跑出来，让作者抚摸它柔软丝滑的身体。C项意为“抚摸”，故C项正确。
20．A.walked B．adopted
C．abandoned D．lost
解析：选B 根据语境可知，一位朋友曾经说过，在她收养了一只狗之后，她的血压趋于正常(normal)了。B项意为“收养”，故B项正确。
21．A.safety B．original
C．logic D．normal
解析：选D 参见上题解析。D项意为“正常”，故D项正确。A项意为“安全”；B项意为“原件”；C项意为“逻辑”。
22．A.calmer B．faster
C．quieter D．easier
解析：选A 根据上文中的“calmer”，并结合该句“I think I, too, feel ________ from my interactions with Chip”可推知，在同这只花栗鼠的交流过程中，作者也感到更加平静了。
23．A.sympathy B．motivation
C．mercy D．respect
解析：选D 根据该句语境可知，作者也更加尊重自然和它的生物，并发展机会观察、保护和拯救野生动物。D项意为“尊重”，故D项正确。
24．A.capacity B．contribution
C．memory D．comfort
解析：选A 根据上文可知，作者通过给花栗鼠喂食取得了它的信任；结合该句语境可知，最重要的是，作者惊讶于花栗鼠对作者信任的能力。A项意为“能力”，故A项正确。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Before it was brought to New Zealand about a century ago and became world-renowned as the kiwifruit, this humble fruit __1__ (plant) as the “Chinese gooseberry” for almost 1,500 years.Back in its hometown in northwest China, it has brought good __2__ (fortunate) to over 120,000 people.Deng Xiaoqing, a farmer in Meixian County, Baoji city of Shaanxi Province, sold out all of this year's kiwifruit harvest.“The kiwifruit farmers __3__ sales goal was completed ahead of schedule this year are enjoying great happiness，” said the __4__ (ambition) farmer who was optimistic about the kiwifruit industry in his hometown.
The fruit was recorded in China's ancient medical book, Compendium of Materia Medical during the Ming Dynasty (1368－1644), __5__ it was cultivated (种植) in fields and gardens as early as the Tang Dynasty (618－907)．
The juicy fruits __6__ (dry) for one day after being harvested in autumn can be better preserved in the county's shared cold storage.Stored at a temperature __7__ minus one degree Celsius and one degree Celsius, the fresh kiwifruit is kept hydrated (吸水) with automatic sprinklers and sufficient nitrogen.
__8__ kiwifruit-themed museum has been set up in the county __9__ (display) the fruit's history and modern industrial development.The local government has teamed up with universities to __10__ (far) improve the production efficiency and taste of the fruit.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了猕猴桃的种植历史、保存方法、未来发展等。
1．had been planted 考查时态和语态。主语 this humble fruit和动词plant之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；根据 Before it was可知，“种植”的时间发生在过去之前，应用过去完成时。
2．fortune 考查名词。形容词修饰名词，根据形容词good可知，空处应用名词形式，故填fortune。
3．whose 考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为The kiwifruit farmers，且该关系词和sales goal之间为所属关系，故填whose。
4．ambitious 考查形容词。根据名词farmer可知，空处应用形容词修饰，故填ambitious。
5．while/but 考查连词。空处前文提到，中国古代医书《本草纲目》在明朝记载了这种水果。空处后文提到，早在唐朝时期人们就开始在田野和花园里种植该水果。据此可知，空处前后为转折关系。
6．dried 考查非谓语动词。动词dry和空前的名词之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，空处作后置定语修饰该名词，应用过去分词。
7．between 考查介词。根据该句中的“and”并结合语境可知，该处应用between。between ...and ...意为“在……之间”。
8．A 考查冠词。此处泛指“一个以猕猴桃为主题的博物馆”，kiwifruit-themed以辅音音素开头，且空处位于句首，故填不定冠词A。
9．to display 考查非谓语动词。此处表示目的，应用动词不定式。
10．further 考查副词比较级。此处表示当地政府已经与大学合作，以进一步提高猕猴桃的生产效率和味道。根据语境和句意可知，该处应用比较级，表示程度上“更进一步地”，故填further。PAGE
第 7 页 共 7 页
课下主题训练 人与环境、人与动植物
Ⅰ.阅读理解
John Dominis was one of the staff photographers of LIFE.He joined LIFE in 1950 and shot one of the most classic pictures of the 20th century: Tommie Smith and John Carlos giving the Black Power salute at the 1968 Olympics in Mexico City.
Here, LIFE looks back at one of his lesser-known shoots — the African Antelope, which was a cover story that earned him Magazine Photographer of the Year in 1966 and later became a book.In the Editor's Note that accompanies the story, Dominis described how he was able to get the dramatic photo without a telephoto lens.
“I wanted to get low-angle shots that gave a dramatic sense of their speed.I built boxes and mounted cameras in them，” Dominis explained.“John Mbuthi and I worked for three weeks with them.We'd go a mile ahead of a herd and put down the boxes and hide them.Then we'd hide a quarter of a mile away and wait maybe for several hours.Meanwhile the light might change and there was no way I could change the exposures in the cameras.If the animal reached the boxes, I pushed the button that set off the cameras by a radio signal and ran off a whole roll of film.I must have exposed 40 rolls, but ended up with only one really good photo.”
The Briscoe Center recently acquired John Dominis' works.“These pictures and collections have something to say about how Americans perceive the outside world，” said Ben Wright of the Briscoe Center.“They are not only beautiful and interesting, but also historical evidences that help historians to understand the past with accuracy and integrity.”
1．What contributed to Dominis' winning Magazine Photographer of the Year in 1966
A．His close cooperation with John Mbuthi.
B．His qualified skills in photography.
C．His photo of the African Antelope.
D．His famous shot about the 1968 Olympics.
2．What does the underlined word “mounted” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Fixed. B．Gave.
C．Adjusted. D．Focused.
3．What would Dominis do if the antelopes reached the boxes
A．Send a signal to the radio.
B．Operate the cameras remotely.
C．Press the button on the camera.
D．Hide a quarter of a mile away.
4．Which can best describe Dominis at work
A．Strict and positive.
B．Flexible and modest.
C．Curious and independent.
D．Creative and determined.
Ⅱ.完形填空
I enjoy feeding birds in my garden. About three years ago, a baby chipmunk (花栗鼠) which I named Chip came to this festive display. Over that summer, I watched it __5__. The next summer, the chipmunk was back, and I wondered whether it would __6__ me to feed it by hand or let me pet it. Before Chip would approach, I'd __7__ its favorite food, bend down and keep very __8__. I'd leave my open hand __9__， unmoving, so the animal would know I wouldn't __10__ it. I continued doing this for a few weeks.
__11__， late in that second summer, Chip did show more trust. One day as I __12__ a seed with my fingertips, it approached and __13__ took the seed into its mouth. It never bit my fingers.
I was happy that Chip and I had made a(n) __14__ of trust.
After about two months of this __15__， I went further. With my index finger, I __16__ its back once gently. I'm not even sure Chip felt it, but it didn't __17__. I then moved my two fingers slowly and gently over it. __18__， Chip stayed calm, eating seeds, before running quickly back into the bush.
Today, the chipmunk comes out of hiding when I call its name, and lets me __19__ its soft, silky body.
A friend once mentioned that after she __20__ a dog, she noticed that her high blood pressure had approached __21__ without medication, and she became calmer and could handle stress better. I think I, too, feel __22__ from my interactions with Chip.
I've also developed a greater __23__ for nature and its creatures and the opportunity to observe, protect and save wildlife. Most of all, I am amazed by the __24__ of a tiny chipmunk to meet me halfway in trust.
5．A.eat B．grow
C．play D．jump
6．A.praise B．beg
C．inspire D．trust
7．A.put off B．put up
C．put down D．hang up
8．A.anxious B．excited
C．still D．curious
9．A.in public B．in place
C．in return D．in turn
10．A.grab B．remove
C．bite D．throw
11．A.Initially B．Unusually
C．Obviously D．Finally
12．A.found B．planted
C．offered D．produced
13．A.cautiously B．aggressively
C．comfortably D．confidently
14．A.promise B．breakthrough
C．introduction D．experience
15．A.education B．discovery
C．routine D．resolution
16．A.knocked B．brushed
C．rocked D．touched
17．A.run away B．rush out
C．give away D．turn up
18．A.However B．Again
C．So D．Therefore
19．A.admire B．support
C．pet D．lift
20．A.walked B．adopted
C．abandoned D．lost
21．A.safety B．original
C．logic D．normal
22．A.calmer B．faster
C．quieter D．easier
23．A.sympathy B．motivation
C．mercy D．respect
24．A.capacity B．contribution
C．memory D．comfort
Ⅲ.语法填空
Before it was brought to New Zealand about a century ago and became world-renowned as the kiwifruit, this humble fruit __1__ (plant) as the “Chinese gooseberry” for almost 1,500 years.Back in its hometown in northwest China, it has brought good __2__ (fortunate) to over 120,000 people.Deng Xiaoqing, a farmer in Meixian County, Baoji city of Shaanxi Province, sold out all of this year's kiwifruit harvest.“The kiwifruit farmers __3__ sales goal was completed ahead of schedule this year are enjoying great happiness，” said the __4__ (ambition) farmer who was optimistic about the kiwifruit industry in his hometown.
The fruit was recorded in China's ancient medical book, Compendium of Materia Medical during the Ming Dynasty (1368－1644), __5__ it was cultivated (种植) in fields and gardens as early as the Tang Dynasty (618－907)．
The juicy fruits __6__ (dry) for one day after being harvested in autumn can be better preserved in the county's shared cold storage.Stored at a temperature __7__ minus one degree Celsius and one degree Celsius, the fresh kiwifruit is kept hydrated (吸水) with automatic sprinklers and sufficient nitrogen.
__8__ kiwifruit-themed museum has been set up in the county __9__ (display) the fruit's history and modern industrial development.The local government has teamed up with universities to __10__ (far) improve the production efficiency and taste of the fruit.PAGE
第 5 页 共 5 页
课下主题训练 影视、音乐等领域的概况及其发展
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Why do people listen to music The answer may seem simple: Music is pleasant to make and to hear. But music touches our lives in many other ways, too.
Music changes our mood
My brother doesn't choose music based on what he wants to hear. Instead, he decides what he wants to feel and picks music with that mood in mind. Upbeat, bright-sounding music generally makes people feel happy. But some people enjoy listening to sad music, too. It can be like talking with a friend who understands your suffering. But for some people, sad music can make them feel even sadder.
Music helps us get things done
Do you ever listen to music while you work I do, and I find that it sometimes helps me concentrate. According to one expert, music can help you pay attention during boring or repeated tasks. But when you are doing tasks that require more thought, music can disturb you, making them harder.
My mom, a preschool teacher, uses music to manage her classroom. When she wants to call a child, instead of yelling the child's name, she sings it. This creates a more positive environment, while still getting the child's attention.
Music brings people together
Music can also bring people closer to each other. This is especially true of music played live. Live music often features a group of people playing different instruments which makes it a shared experience. Listeners can share in the emotions the song expresses. They also create memories together.
And speaking of memories, lots of people connect music with specific places, people or events. Whenever they hear a certain song, they are transported back to some point in the past. Thus music can connect people not only to people who are present but also to people from their past.
Music is far more than just entertainment; it is a powerful force that affects us in many ways.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了人们听音乐的原因，以及音乐在许多方面影响着我们的生活。文章主要说明了音乐给人们产生的三个影响，作者认为音乐不仅仅是娱乐；它是一种强大的力量，在许多方面影响着我们。
1．Why do some people enjoy sad music
A．It can get their attention.
B．It makes them feel happy.
C．It can be like talking with a friend.
D．It makes them feel sadder.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据Music changes our mood部分中的“It can be like talking with a friend who understands your suffering.”可知，这就像和一个理解你痛苦的朋友聊天一样。由此可知，有些人喜欢悲伤的音乐，是因为这就像和朋友聊天一样。故选C。
2．Listening to music disturbs you when ________.
A．you are doing repeated tasks
B．the tasks are boring
C．you are doing easy tasks
D．the tasks require more thought
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据Music helps us get things done部分中的“But when you are doing tasks that require more thought, music can disturb you, making them harder.”可知，但当你在做需要更多思考的任务时，音乐会打扰你，让你更难思考。由此可知，当工作需要更多的思考时，听音乐会打扰你。故选D。
3．What's the author's attitude to music
A．Positive. B．Doubtful.
C．Uncertain. D．Negative.
解析：选A 观点态度题。根据最后一段“Music is far more than just entertainment; it is a powerful force that affects us in many ways.”可知，音乐不仅仅是娱乐；它是一种强大的力量，在许多方面影响着我们。由此可推知，作者对音乐的态度是积极的。故选A。
B
In the 17th century, the Netherlands experienced a period of artistic prosperity known as the Dutch Golden Age.During this period, artists found inspiration in Northern Renaissance painting techniques, contributing to masterpieces like Girl with a Pearl Earring by Johannes Vermeer.Known as the “Mona Lisa of the North”， this painting represents the best of Dutch art and it has become one of the most beloved paintings in art history.
Dutch artist Johannes Vermeer is famous for his paintings of contemporary Delft, a city in Holland where the artist was born, lived and died.Girl with a Pearl Earring is Vermeer's most well-known work of art.However, it did not attain international fame at its time of completion.That came about at the end of the 20th century, when it was featured in a special exhibition in Washington, DC.
Girl with a Pearl Earring does not show a specific person.Instead, it shows an unknown girl dressed in grand clothing who, “like a vision coming from the darkness”， art historian Arthur K．Wheelock explained in the Johannes Vermeer catalogue, “belongs to no specific time or place.”
Vermeer is known for his ability to create shapes and forms using light rather than lines.This characteristic approach to modeling is particularly evident in Girl with a Pearl Earring.First, he would “invent”， or create an initial drawing on the canvas.Then, he made a single colored underpainting.Next, he added color.And, finally, in order to make the piece extraordinarily bright, he would apply a thin layer of the glaze to certain parts of the painting.
In addition to its fascinating context and appealing beauty, the piece is celebrated for the mystery that surrounds it.“When you think about Mona Lisa, she is also looking at us, but she isn't engaging — she's sitting back in the painting, self-contained，” Tracy Chevalier, the author of The New York Times' bestselling historical novel, Girl with a Pearl Earring, points out.“While the girl with a pearl earring in the painting is right there — there is nothing between her and us.She has this magical quality of being incredibly open and yet mysterious at the same time — and that is what makes her so appealing.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了17世纪荷兰著名的画作《戴珍珠耳环的少女》的作者、创作背景、作品的特色以及其成为名作的原因。
4．What inspired the creation of Girl with a Pearl Earring
A．Previous artists' skills.
B．The appearance of the girl.
C．Vermeer's international fame.
D．Encouragement from other artists.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句可知，Johannes Vermeer从北方文艺复兴时期的绘画技巧中获得灵感创作了《戴珍珠耳环的少女》。
5．What do we know about Girl with a Pearl Earring
A．It is set in the artist's birthplace.
B．It makes the artist famous overnight.
C．It describes a particular and exact girl.
D．It is regarded as a match for Mona Lisa.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，这幅画被称为“北方的《蒙娜丽莎》”，因此它被认为与《蒙娜丽莎》相媲美。
6．What is the purpose of Paragraph 4
A．To introduce the subject of the painting.
B．To show techniques used in the painting.
C．To explain the artistic value of the painting.
D．To uncover the mystery behind the painting.
解析：选B 写作意图题。根据第四段首句并结合下文内容可知，该段主要介绍了《戴珍珠耳环的少女》使用的绘画技巧。
7．How does Tracy comment on Girl with a Pearl Earring
A．By citing a theory.
B．By giving a definition.
C．By offering an example.
D．By making a comparison.
解析：选 D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Tracy所说的话可推知，Tracy Chevalier将《戴珍珠耳环的少女》和《蒙娜丽莎》两幅作品进行比较，说明了《戴珍珠耳环的少女》吸引人的原因。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
How to protect your ears
You and your friends are leaving a concert on a Friday night. When you get outside, your ears are ringing. You have to shout to be heard. __8__ So no harm done ... right
Not quite. Temporary buzzing may be easy to ignore, but repeated exposure to loud noise will eventually cause serious — and irreversible (不能治愈的) — hearing loss. A new study conducted by researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston shows that one in five people between the ages of 12 and 19 are experiencing slight hearing loss, and one in 20 have mild hearing loss. __9__ But the good news is that there are plenty of ways you can protect your ears from further damage — and still listen to the music you love.
Ask around.Put your earbuds in or your headphones on, and then ask a friend next to you whether or not he or she can hear what you're listening to. __10__ Turn it down.
Buy noise-canceling headphones.A pair of earbuds or headphones that fits comfortably will limit outside noise so that you can hear your music better at lower volume.
Take breaks. __11__ So when listening to music, take your headphones off for 15 or 20 minutes and let your ears enjoy the quiet.
__12__ You can buy a cheap pair at any drugstore as an easy way to lower volume at concerts — or while playing or practicing your own music — without changing the quality of the sound.
A．Use earplugs.
B．Keep the volume below 70 percent.
C．If the answer is yes, your music is too loud.
D．But by morning, your hearing is totally back to normal.
E．Like every other part of your body, your ears need rest.
F．Unfortunately, there's no way to get back hearing you've already lost.
G．The exposure to noise is louder and longer than in any previous generation.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几种保护耳朵的方法，包括询问身边的人音乐的音量、购买噪音消除耳机、定时休息和使用耳塞。
8．选D 根据上文可知，某个周五晚上的音乐会让你耳鸣；结合空处后一句“So no harm done ... right？”可知，耳朵似乎并没有受到伤害；据此可推知，空处应表示转折，故D项“但是到了早上，你的听力完全恢复正常”符合语境。
9．选F 根据空处后一句“But the good news is that there are plenty of ways you can protect your ears from further damage — and still listen to the music you love.”可知，但好消息是，有很多方法可以保护你的耳朵免受进一步的伤害，同时还能继续听你喜欢的音乐。据此可推知，空处与此句为转折关系，故F项“不幸的是，你已经丧失的听力无法恢复”衔接上下文，符合语境。
10．选C 空处上文是说当你戴上耳塞或耳机时，问一下你身边的朋友是否能听见你听的东西，再结合空后一句“Turn it down.”可知，C项“如果答案是肯定的，你的音乐太大声了”符合语境。
11．选E 根据该段小标题Take breaks并结合空处后一句“So when listening to music, take your headphones off for 15 or 20 minutes and let your ears enjoy the quiet.”可知，该段主要建议让耳朵定时休息，故E项与此处匹配。
12．选A 根据文章的结构以及空处所在的位置可知，空处为该段的小标题；根据该段的内容可知，你可以在任何一家药店买到一副便宜的耳塞，可以用于降低音乐会的音量。据此可知，该段主要建议准备一副耳塞，故A项正确。PAGE
第 5 页 共 5 页
课下主题训练 影视、音乐等领域的概况及其发展
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Why do people listen to music The answer may seem simple: Music is pleasant to make and to hear. But music touches our lives in many other ways, too.
Music changes our mood
My brother doesn't choose music based on what he wants to hear. Instead, he decides what he wants to feel and picks music with that mood in mind. Upbeat, bright-sounding music generally makes people feel happy. But some people enjoy listening to sad music, too. It can be like talking with a friend who understands your suffering. But for some people, sad music can make them feel even sadder.
Music helps us get things done
Do you ever listen to music while you work I do, and I find that it sometimes helps me concentrate. According to one expert, music can help you pay attention during boring or repeated tasks. But when you are doing tasks that require more thought, music can disturb you, making them harder.
My mom, a preschool teacher, uses music to manage her classroom. When she wants to call a child, instead of yelling the child's name, she sings it. This creates a more positive environment, while still getting the child's attention.
Music brings people together
Music can also bring people closer to each other. This is especially true of music played live. Live music often features a group of people playing different instruments which makes it a shared experience. Listeners can share in the emotions the song expresses. They also create memories together.
And speaking of memories, lots of people connect music with specific places, people or events. Whenever they hear a certain song, they are transported back to some point in the past. Thus music can connect people not only to people who are present but also to people from their past.
Music is far more than just entertainment; it is a powerful force that affects us in many ways.
1．Why do some people enjoy sad music
A．It can get their attention.
B．It makes them feel happy.
C．It can be like talking with a friend.
D．It makes them feel sadder.
2．Listening to music disturbs you when ________.
A．you are doing repeated tasks
B．the tasks are boring
C．you are doing easy tasks
D．the tasks require more thought
3．What's the author's attitude to music
A．Positive. B．Doubtful.
C．Uncertain. D．Negative.
B
In the 17th century, the Netherlands experienced a period of artistic prosperity known as the Dutch Golden Age.During this period, artists found inspiration in Northern Renaissance painting techniques, contributing to masterpieces like Girl with a Pearl Earring by Johannes Vermeer.Known as the “Mona Lisa of the North”， this painting represents the best of Dutch art and it has become one of the most beloved paintings in art history.
Dutch artist Johannes Vermeer is famous for his paintings of contemporary Delft, a city in Holland where the artist was born, lived and died.Girl with a Pearl Earring is Vermeer's most well-known work of art.However, it did not attain international fame at its time of completion.That came about at the end of the 20th century, when it was featured in a special exhibition in Washington, DC.
Girl with a Pearl Earring does not show a specific person.Instead, it shows an unknown girl dressed in grand clothing who, “like a vision coming from the darkness”， art historian Arthur K．Wheelock explained in the Johannes Vermeer catalogue, “belongs to no specific time or place.”
Vermeer is known for his ability to create shapes and forms using light rather than lines.This characteristic approach to modeling is particularly evident in Girl with a Pearl Earring.First, he would “invent”， or create an initial drawing on the canvas.Then, he made a single colored underpainting.Next, he added color.And, finally, in order to make the piece extraordinarily bright, he would apply a thin layer of the glaze to certain parts of the painting.
In addition to its fascinating context and appealing beauty, the piece is celebrated for the mystery that surrounds it.“When you think about Mona Lisa, she is also looking at us, but she isn't engaging — she's sitting back in the painting, self-contained，” Tracy Chevalier, the author of The New York Times' bestselling historical novel, Girl with a Pearl Earring, points out.“While the girl with a pearl earring in the painting is right there — there is nothing between her and us.She has this magical quality of being incredibly open and yet mysterious at the same time — and that is what makes her so appealing.”
4．What inspired the creation of Girl with a Pearl Earring
A．Previous artists' skills.
B．The appearance of the girl.
C．Vermeer's international fame.
D．Encouragement from other artists.
5．What do we know about Girl with a Pearl Earring
A．It is set in the artist's birthplace.
B．It makes the artist famous overnight.
C．It describes a particular and exact girl.
D．It is regarded as a match for Mona Lisa.
6．What is the purpose of Paragraph 4
A．To introduce the subject of the painting.
B．To show techniques used in the painting.
C．To explain the artistic value of the painting.
D．To uncover the mystery behind the painting.
7．How does Tracy comment on Girl with a Pearl Earring
A．By citing a theory.
B．By giving a definition.
C．By offering an example.
D．By making a comparison.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
How to protect your ears
You and your friends are leaving a concert on a Friday night. When you get outside, your ears are ringing. You have to shout to be heard. __8__ So no harm done ... right
Not quite. Temporary buzzing may be easy to ignore, but repeated exposure to loud noise will eventually cause serious — and irreversible (不能治愈的) — hearing loss. A new study conducted by researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston shows that one in five people between the ages of 12 and 19 are experiencing slight hearing loss, and one in 20 have mild hearing loss. __9__ But the good news is that there are plenty of ways you can protect your ears from further damage — and still listen to the music you love.
Ask around.Put your earbuds in or your headphones on, and then ask a friend next to you whether or not he or she can hear what you're listening to. __10__ Turn it down.
Buy noise-canceling headphones.A pair of earbuds or headphones that fits comfortably will limit outside noise so that you can hear your music better at lower volume.
Take breaks. __11__ So when listening to music, take your headphones off for 15 or 20 minutes and let your ears enjoy the quiet.
__12__ You can buy a cheap pair at any drugstore as an easy way to lower volume at concerts — or while playing or practicing your own music — without changing the quality of the sound.
A．Use earplugs.
B．Keep the volume below 70 percent.
C．If the answer is yes, your music is too loud.
D．But by morning, your hearing is totally back to normal.
E．Like every other part of your body, your ears need rest.
F．Unfortunately, there's no way to get back hearing you've already lost.
G．The exposure to noise is louder and longer than in any previous generation.
