(共107张PPT)
必修
UNIT 1 Lights, camera, action!
开始
01
02
03
课前——语基自主落实
课堂——能力融会发展
课下——主题素养训练
一、背单词—多多益善
(一)易记词汇“一遍过”
1．sheet n． 一张(纸)；床单，被单；薄片
2．visual adj. 视力的，视觉的
3．angle n. 角度；立场，观点
4．prop n. 道具；支柱，支撑物
5．title n. 名称，标题；称号；职位名称
6．super adj. 极好的，了不起的，超级的
7．factor n. 因素，要素
8．aid n．& vt.& vi. 帮助；援助
9．onto prep. 向，朝
10．cure n. 药物，疗法；治疗
vt. 治好
11．despite prep. 即使，尽管
12．event n. 事件；活动
13．wave vi.& vt. 挥手，招手；挥舞
n. 海浪；大量涌现
14．recall vt.& vi. 回想，回忆起
15．fancy adj. 复杂的；花哨的；昂贵的
vt. 想要，想做；倾慕
16．dandy adj. 非常好的，极佳的
17．attach vt. 认为有重要性，重视；把……固定，附上
18．ensure vt. 保证，确保
19．award n. 奖，奖品，奖金
vt. 授予，给予
(二)挑战词汇“三遍熟”
1．fantasy n． 幻想作品；幻想，想象
2．fiction n. 小说；虚构的事
3．justice n. 公平，公正；公道，合理
4．martial adj. 战争的，军事的
5．classic n. 经典作品，名著
adj. 经典的；古典的
6．system n. 系统；制度，体制
7．crooked adj. 不直的，弯曲的
8．envelope n. 信封
9．approach n. 方法；接近，靠近
vt. 接近，靠近；处理
10．audience n. 观众，听众
11．eventually adv. 最后，终于
(三)变形词汇“寻规记”
1．type n．类型，种类 vt.& vi.打字→_______ adj.典型的；有代表性的→______ n．打字员
2．comedy n．喜剧片，喜剧→_________ n．喜剧演员
3．document n．文件→____________ n．纪录片，纪实节目 adj.文件的；纪录的
4．horror n．恐怖电影(或故事等)；震惊，恐惧→________ adj.令人震惊的；恐怖的
5．romance n．爱情故事；浪漫史；爱情→________ adj.浪漫的；关于爱情的
typical
typist
comedian
documentary
horrible
romantic
6．actual adj.真实的；实际的→________ adv.实际上，事实上
7．brief adj.简洁的，简单的；短时间的→______ adv.简短地；简要地
8．familiar adj.熟悉的，常见的→_________ adj.不熟悉的
9．frequent adj.频繁的，经常发生的→__________ adv.频繁地，经常→_________ n．频率
10．able adj.能，能够；有才能的→_______ vt.使能够，使可行
11．prefer vt.较喜欢，更喜欢→__________ n．偏爱；爱好；喜爱
actually
briefly
unfamiliar
frequently
frequency
enable
preference
12．create vt.创造；创作；创建→_________ adj.创造性的，创作的；有创造力的→_________ n．创造；创建
13．revise vt.改变，修改；修订；复习→________ n．修订，修改；复习
14．history n．历史→_______ adj.有历史意义的→_________ adj.(有关)历史的→_________ n．史学工作者，历史学家
15．lecture n．讲座，演讲；教训，训斥 vi.开讲座，讲课 vt.指责，训斥→_______ n．(大学的)讲师
creative
creation
revision
historic
historical
historian
lecturer
16．perform vi.表演；工作，运转 vt.表演；做，履行→____________ n．表演→__________ n．表演者
17．locate vt.坐落于 vi.定位；定居→________ n．外景拍摄地；地方，地点→_______ adj.位于，坐落在
18．adapt vt.改编，改写；使适应 vi.适应→__________ n．适应(性)；改编本→_________ adj.可适应的
19．regard vt.将……认为，看待；注视 n．尊重；尊敬→________ n．致意；问候→__________ adv.不管；不顾→_________ prep.关于，至于
performance
performer
location
located
adaptation
adaptable
regards
regardless
regarding
20．solve vt.解决；解答→________ n．解决方法，处理手段；答案
21．narrow adj.狭窄的；勉强的；狭隘的 vt.& vi.(使)窄小，缩小→ _________ adv.勉强地
22．recommend vt.推荐，举荐；劝告，建议→_______________ n．推荐；建议
23．personal adj.个人的→___________ n．性格，个性；气质→__________ adv.就个人而言
24．major adj.主要的，重要的→_________ n．大多数→______ adj.较小的；次要的→________ n．少数民族；少数
25．recollect vt.& vi.记起，回忆起→___________ n．记起，回忆
solution
narrowly
recommendation
personality
personally
majority
minor
minority
recollection
(四)联想词汇“一线牵”
1．一加“－en”词性改
①able→enable v． 使能够
②rich→enrich vt. 使富裕
③large→enlarge v. 扩大
④sure→ensure v. 确保；担保
2．各种“奖赏”任你领
①award vt.授予；给予 n．奖品；奖金
②reward vt.酬劳；奖赏 n．报酬；奖金
③prize n．奖金；奖品
④bonus n．奖金；红利
3．双写之后再变形
①prefer: preferred/preferred/preferring
②permit: permitted/permitted/permitting
③plan: planned/planned/planning
④refer: referred/referred/referring
⑤admit: admitted/admitted/admitting
二、背词块—丰富表达
1．_______________ 大量的
2．_______________ 在后台，在幕后
3．____________ 首先
4．__________________ 吸引某人的注意力
5．________________________ 认为……十分重要
6．____________ 有助于；导致；捐献
a huge amount of
behind the scenes
to begin with
draw one's attention
attach great importance to
contribute to
7．_____________ 更不用说，且不说
8．___________ 恰当处理(某人或某事)
9．____________ 除……以外(还)
10．____________________ 履行承诺
11．___________ 以……为根据
12．_______ 停车，停止
13．__________ 一起来
not to mention
do justice to
in addition to
perform one's promise
be based on
pull up
come along
14．__________ 搭乘(车)
15．_______ 走上前去
16．___________ 环顾四周
17．__________ 挪开
18．_______________ 摇头
19．________ 以……为背景
20．___________ 遭受
take rides
step up
look around
move over
shake one's head
be set in
suffer from
?联想串记
1．“do＋n.＋to”短语聚焦
①do justice to 恰当处理(某人或某事)
②do harm to 危害，损害
③do damage to 危害，损害
④do good to 对……有益
2．“导致”家族大团圆
①contribute to ②lead to
③result in ④bring about
⑤give rise to
3．不“看”不知道，一“看”真奇妙
①look around 环顾四周
②glare at 怒目而视
③stare at 凝视
④glance at 扫视；一瞥
⑤witness vt.& n. 目击(者)
⑥observe vt.& vi. 观察
⑦watch vt. 看
⑧have a look at 看一看
三、背好句好段—增分写作
(一)背好句—有“话”好好说
1．whatever引导让步状语从句
教材原句 Whatever your answer is, there's always a lot more to it than first meets the eye. 无论你的答案是什么，它(电影)都远比你最初表面看到的更为复杂。
推荐佳句 (新教材外研版必修1佳句)Whatever our hobbies (are), the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them, even if they live on the other side of the world. 不管我们的爱好是什么，我们都能在网上结识同好，哪怕他们住在世界的另一端。
2.as引导原因状语从句
教材原句 As green doesn't match any natural hair or skin colour, actors can be easily separated from the background.
因为绿色与任何自然的人类发色或肤色都不同，演员可以轻易地与背景分离。
推荐佳句 ①(2021·天津高考)As there are many multi－level waterfalls and colorful lakes, visitors will be amazed by the beautiful scenery in Jiuzhaigou.
由于这里有许多多层次的瀑布和五彩缤纷的湖泊，游客会对九寨沟的美丽景色感到惊奇。
②(新教材北师大版必修1佳句)I usually start planning my trip home to Shanxi weeks before Spring Festival, as train tickets or flights have to be booked as early as possible.
我通常在春节前几周就开始计划回山西的行程，因为必须尽早预订火车票或机票。
续
表
3.next time引导时间状语从句
教材原句 Hopefully, next time you go to the cinema, you'll spare a thought for all those talented people behind the scenes. 希望下次你们去看电影时，能想一想所有幕后那些才华出众的人们。
推荐佳句 ①Next time you visit Bob, remember to give him a call in advance.
下次你去拜访鲍勃时，记得提前给他打个电话。
②(新教材人教版必修1佳句)So the next time you feel like you do not want to do boring, difficult homework or go to class, think about the children who don't have the chance to get a good education.
所以下一次你感到你不想做枯燥、有难度的作业或去上课时，想想那些没机会接受良好教育的孩子。
4．过去分词短语作状语
教材原句 Based on a true story, the film is set in London in the 1930s.
这部电影以一个真实的故事为基础，以20世纪30年代的伦敦为背景。
推荐佳句 (新教材人教版必修2佳句)Moved by this music, he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time.”
他被这段音乐打动了，他说：“那种(兴奋的)感觉就如同是第一次看见色彩一样。”
5.do强调谓语
教材原句 But, I do remember the first time I heard the sweetest voice in the wide world.
但是，我清楚地记得我第一次听到全世界最甜美的声音时的情景。
推荐佳句 ①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)I do hope you can accept our invitation and share your opinion.
我真的希望你能接受我们的邀请并分享你的观点。
②(新教材人教版选择性必修2佳句)On the other hand, it does tell us a lot about Americans.
不过在另一方面，它确实让我们对美国人了解很多。
(二)背好段—有“情”慢慢聊
情感表达之“高兴”
Lucy nodded cheerfully. Madison put her arm around Lucy's shoulders, both smiling. With applause and laughter echoing through the house, Lucy joined the other girls to enjoy the party.
[点评] 本段中使用了“cheerfully, smiling, laughter, enjoy”等词描写了人物的情感，表达了高兴的情绪。表示“高兴”的常用表达主要有：
(1)动词：delight, please, cheer, smile, laugh等；
(2)名词：happiness, delight, joy, pleasure, smile, laughter等；
(3)形容词：happy, glad, merry, joyful, delighted, delightful, pleased, pleasing, pleasant, cheerful等；
(4)短语：full of joy, wild with joy, to one's great joy等。
四、语基课前自查——摸底训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．They encouraged him and ______ (帮助) him in his scientific studies.
2．As autumn __________ (接近), the plants and colours in the garden changed.
3．_______ (尽管) a strong wind, we still made it to the airport on schedule yesterday.
4．The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of _______ (因素), most of which are beyond our control.
aided
approached
Despite
factors
5．The old photos helped me ______ (回忆起) the days that I would have forgotten otherwise.
6．The ______ (事件) has increased public awareness of world hunger.
7．More than one of his classmates who often do voluntary work in the local community has been ________ (奖励) by the government.
recall
event
awarded
8．It's necessary to _______ (复习) after lessons so that you can really understand what you have learned.
9．A variety of ________ (解决方法) have been provided for us to solve the problem.
10．Only when you have been ________ (熟悉的) with the plan will you be able to carry it out.
revise
solutions
familiar
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Frequent physical exercise helps to build up my strength, so I should __________ (frequent) take part in sports and outdoor activities.
2．She explained _______ (brief) why she was late again and left in a hurry.
3．Our rules should fit in with the actual school circumstances, otherwise they will ________ (actual) be meaningless.
4．As the report shows, the _________ (major) of students show great respect for their teachers.
frequently
briefly
actually
majority
5．They are introducing new measures to _______ (sure) the smooth running of the business.
6．I was doubly attracted to the house — by its size and its _______ (locate)．
7．In the course of the Art and Culture Show, there are various _____________ (perform), which vary from singing, dancing to reciting poems.
8．There are numerous ___________ (adapt) of this book including films, plays and video games.
ensure
location
performances
adaptations
9．There is no doubt that my good communication skills enable me ________ (keep) a good relationship with others.
10．No matter how busy we are, it is typical ___ us to admire the full moon and enjoy mooncakes together in Mid－Autumn Festival.
11．I would appreciate it if you would take my _________________ (recommend) into account.
to keep
recommendation
of
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．It's far too late for you to go out and play football, _______________ the fact that it's raining.
2．________, we can push ahead with the technology to meet our needs instead of destroying our life.
3．We drove __________ to the beach, just for fun.
behind the scenes， not to mention， in spite of， do justice to， adapt to， pull up， in brief， be based on， all the way
not to mention
In brief
all the way
4．The traffic lights turned red and a red car _________ all of a sudden.
5．Strictly speaking, parents should ___________ every child.
6．It's an exciting opportunity to learn what goes on ________________.
7．Magic is a form of entertainment that __________ pretending to do things that are impossible.
8．To remain competitive, the company has to ________ the changing marketplace.
9．__________ the fact that he is short, he is an excellent basketball player.
pulled up
do justice to
behind the scenes
is based on
adapt to
In spite of
Ⅳ.多维表达
1．(完成句子)Listening to some soft music ___________________ and give you a new start.(强调谓语)
听一些轻音乐的确可以放松你的心情，给你一个新的开始。
2．(完成句子)________________________, errors began to creep into her work.(as)
由于越来越疲劳，她的工作开始出现差错。
does relax your mood
As she became more tired
3．(完成句子)_________________________, throw in a few extra fruit and vegetables.
下次你去买东西，多买点水果和蔬菜。
4．(完成句子)By doing the part－time job I can get some precious experience _______________________________________________.(so that)
通过做兼职我可以获得一些宝贵的经验，以便我能更好地适应社会的发展。
5．(完成句子)______________________________, a lot of posters were put up in our school to call on us to take action for a greener earth.(with复合结构)
随着地球日的临近，学校里张贴了许多海报，号召我们为一个更加绿色的地球采取行动。
Next time you go shopping
so that I can better adapt to the development of society
With the Earth Day approaching
6．(一句多译)不管这部电影的背景是什么，这位导演都有让任何角色都栩栩如生的天赋。
→____________________________________, the director has a talent for bringing any character to life.
→_________________________________________, the director has a talent for bringing any character to life.
7．(句式升级)My adviser recommended signing up for advanced literature.
→My adviser recommended that I ________________________________
___________.
→My adviser recommended me ______________________________.
Whatever background the movie is set in
No matter what background the movie is set in
(should) sign up for advanced literature
to sign up for advanced literature
中档保分词汇—自查自纠无盲点
1．brief adj.简洁的，简单的；短时间的
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①There are four basic alternatives; they are described _______ (brief) below.
②The plan is to change the radio station's style: ___ brief, less talk and more music.
③(2021·全国乙卷)________________________________ (简言之), I am fully convinced that with the tips above we will become smart online learners.
briefly
To be brief/In brief/Briefly speaking
in
系统归纳 (1)to be brief 简单地说
in brief 简言之，粗略地说
(2)briefly adv. 简短地，扼要地
briefly speaking 简而言之
微点提醒 brief除了作形容词，意为“简短的，简洁的；短暂的；草率的”之外，还可以作名词，意为“摘要，简报；概要，诉讼书”；作动词，意为“向……简要介绍情况”。
2.familiar adj.熟悉的，常见的
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①We talked about the people and the places that were familiar ___ us.
②As we are familiar _____ the city, we are unlikely to get lost on the way back to the hotel.
③(2021·浙江6月高考) I believe the exhibition will make you __________________________________________________.
我相信这次展览会让你更加熟悉传统国画艺术。
to
with
more familiar with the art of traditional Chinese painting
系统归纳 sb.be/become/get familiar with sth. 某人熟悉某物
sth.be/become/get familiar to sb. 某物为某人所熟悉
微点提醒 ①be familiar with的主语通常是指人的名词；
②be familiar to的主语通常是人们所知晓的事物。
3.attach vt.认为有重要性，重视；把……固定，附上；系；绑；贴
(单句语法填空/完成句子/句式升级)
①Please find my application letter and resume in the __________ (attach)．
②With time going by，Claire seemed to be more ________ (attach) to Tony, the robot.
③______________________________________________ during the process of learning a language.
在学习语言的过程中，你再怎么强调阅读的重要性也不为过。
attachment
attached
You can never attach too much importance to reading
④He took out the hammock, ____________________ and lay in it comfortably, listening to his favorite music.
他拿出吊床，拴在树上，惬意地躺在里面，听着他最喜爱的音乐。
⑤He is so attached to the network games that he often plays truant (逃课)．
→______________________________, he often plays truant.(用过去分词作状语)
→___________________________________________, he often plays truant. (用现在分词作状语)
attached it to the trees
So attached to the network games
Attaching himself to the network games so much
系统归纳 (1)attach ...to ... 把……附在……上；把……绑在……上
attach importance/significance/value/weight to ...
认为……有重要性/意义/价值/分量
(2)be attached to 喜欢，依恋；附属于
(3)attached adj. 附加的；依恋的，爱慕的
attachment n. 附件；附属品；依恋
微点提醒 过去分词短语attached作状语，不表示被动而表示主语的状态，类似用法的还有lost, absorbed, located, seated, frightened, surprised, tired, frustrated, satisfied, disappointed等。
4.approach n．方法；接近，靠近 vt.接近，靠近；处理
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①With the Spring Festival ____________ (approach)，we became more and more excited.
②(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)The person I respect most is my headteacher who ________________________________________________________.
我最尊敬的人是我的班主任，他总是为我们提供不同的解决困难的方法。
③_________________________________, Vingo shook all over, feeling like sitting on pins and needles.(with复合结构)
随着汽车靠近Brunswick，Vingo浑身颤抖，如坐针毡。
approaching
always offers us different approaches to handling our difficulties
With the bus approaching Brunswick
系统归纳 (1)at the approach of ...(＝with＋n.＋approaching) 在快到……的时候
make approach to ... 设法接近
an approach to (doing) sth. (做)某事的方法
(2)approach sb./sth. 接近/靠近某人/某物
be approaching 临近，靠近
微点提醒 表达“在快到……的时候”，approach作名词时，构成短语at the approach of ...；作动词时，构成短语with＋n.＋approaching。
5.perform vi.表演；工作，运转 vt.表演；做，履行
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①As everyone knows, she performs an important role ___ our organization.
②The __________ promised that he would give a _____________ the next day.(perform)
③Besides, we are going to _______________________________, which I believe will bring a lot of happiness to them.
此外，我们将会为他们上演一场精彩的演出，我相信这会给他们带来很多快乐。
in
performer
performance
give them an excellent performance
系统归纳 (1)perform a(n) ... role in ... 在……中起……作用
perform well/badly 表现得好/坏
perform one's duty/promise 尽某人的责任/履行承诺
(2)performance n. 执行；表演；履行
put on/give a performance 表演；演出
(3)performer n. 执行者；表演者
微点提醒 perform意为“做；履行；执行；演出；表演”时，是及物动词，意为“工作，运转”时，是不及物动词。
6.typical adj.典型的，有代表性的
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Their lifestyles were typical ___ ordinary people.
②_________ (typical), he stays up late at night.
③_________________________________________________.Never have I seen her get angry because we can't understand what she says.
我们的数学老师一贯对我们非常有耐心，我从来没有见过她因为我们听不懂而生气。
of
Typically
It's typical of our maths teacher to be very patient with us
系统归纳 (1)be typical of 是……的典型；是……的特点
It is typical of sb.to do sth. 做某事是某人的特点；某人一向做某事
(2)typically adv. 典型地；有代表性地；一向如此
微点提醒 It is typical of sb.to do sth.在用法上可以和副词typically互换，例如：
It is typical of him to play jokes on others.
＝Typically, he always plays jokes on others.
7.pull up停车，停止
(单句语法填空)
①He turned off the television, pulled ____ his coat and walked out.
②A new station will be built here, so they are going to pull ______ the old building.
③The car pulled ___ at the traffic lights.
④The pages of the book were stuck together and I couldn't pull them _____.
on
down
up
apart
系统归纳 pull out 驶出；拔出；抽出；取出
pull on 穿上；继续拉
pull down 摧毁；推翻；拉下来
pull in (火车)进站；(船)靠岸；吸入
pull apart 撕开；扯断
教材基础语法—再认再现基础牢
主谓一致
(完成句子)
①_______________ very important in learning English.
学习英语时大声朗读很重要。
②_____________________________ not known yet.
他们何时能完成任务还不知道。
Reading aloud is
When they could finish the task is
③The teacher, together with many students, ___________________ on the playground.
这位老师和很多学生正一起在操场上打篮球。
④______________________ when you are enjoying a fascinating movie.
当你在享受一部非常好的电影时，两个小时是很短的一段时间。
⑤________________ responsible for the delay.
不是你而是我应对这次的延误负责。
is playing basketball
Two hours is a short time
Not you but I am
⑥He is the only one of the students who ___________________.
他是唯一一个通过这次考试的学生。
⑦__________________ the old conservative.On the other hand, _____________________ the young inexperienced.
年轻人通常认为老年人保守；另一方面，老年人总认为年轻人缺乏经验。
has passed the exam
The young often think
the old always consider
[谨记规则]
主谓一致是指谓语动词在人称和数上与主语保持一致，一般遵循三个原则，即语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
(1)语法一致原则：谓语动词必须与主语在语法形式上保持一致；
(2)意义一致原则：不管主语的形式是单数还是复数，主语的意义决定了谓语动词的单复数；
(3)就近一致原则：谓语动词的单复数形式取决于离它最近的主语的单复数。
复杂多变词汇—条分缕析逐点清
1．prefer vt.较喜欢，更喜欢；更愿意
常见考法 (1)prefer sb.to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事
prefer to do sth. 宁愿做某事
prefer (doing) A to (doing) B 喜欢A多于喜欢B；宁愿(做)A而不愿(做)B
prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A而不愿做B
(2)preference n. 偏爱；偏好的事物
have a preference for 偏爱；喜爱
升维考法 (1)表示“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”的结构有：prefer doing ...to doing ..., prefer to do sth.rather than do sth., would rather do sth.than do sth., would do sth.rather than do sth.等。
(2)prefer的过去式和过去分词需要双写r，再加－ed，现在分词要双写r，再加－ing。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①Surprisingly, some children prefer surfing the Internet to ______ (take) exercise outdoors.
②Among all the subjects，I actually have a __________ (prefer) for English.
③Few people ________ (prefer) gazes that lasted longer than nine seconds.
taking
preference
preferred
?细练升维考法(句型转换)
④(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)I would rather appreciate the columns specially designed for teenagers than read those about politics and economy.
→___________________________________________________________________________________________________ (would do ...rather than do)
→_________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (prefer to do ...rather than do)
I would appreciate the columns specially designed for teenagers rather than read those about politics and economy.
I prefer to appreciate the columns specially designed for teenagers rather than read those about politics and economy.
2．award n．奖，奖品，奖金 vt.授予，给予
常见考法 (1)win awards/receive one's awards 获奖/接受颁奖
(2)award sb. for sth. 因某事而奖励某人
award sb. sth.＝award sth. to sb. 给予/授予/判给某人某物
升维考法 (1)award作名词时，意为“颁发或授予的奖章、奖金等”；作动词时，常用搭配：award sb.sth.＝ award sth.to sb.“把某物颁发给某人”。
(2)reward作名词时，意为“奖赏；酬谢”；作动词时，常用搭配：reward sb.for sth.“因某事而奖赏某人”；reward sb.with sth.“用某物回报某人”。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/一句多译)
①He ____________ (award) a first－class degree in English when he was studying at college.
②主席因她的善行而授予她奖牌。
→The chairman _____________________ for her good deeds.
→The chairman _______________________ for her good deeds.
was awarded
awarded her the medal
awarded the medal to her
?细练升维考法(选词填空： award, reward)
③He gave the boy a(n) _______ of one pound for bringing back the lost dog.
④As a(n) ______ for your excellent service, I present you on behalf of the company with a gold watch.
reward
award
3．recommend vt.推荐，举荐；劝告，建议
常见考法 (1)recommend sth.to sb.＝recommend sb.sth. 向某人推荐某物
recommend sb.as ... 推荐某人成为……
recommend doing ... 建议做……
recommend sb.to do sth. 建议某人做某事
recommend that ...(should) do 建议……做
(2)recommendation n. 推荐；介绍信
升维考法 recommend和recommendation后接从句时，其谓语动词常用表示虚拟语气的“(should＋)动词原形”形式。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/同义替换)
①The doctor strongly recommended _______ (limit) the amount of fat in my diet.
②Eye doctors recommend that a child's eye exam ___________ (be) at the age of six months.
③A great many tourist spots can be found along the Yangtze River and that's why I suggest the trip to you. ___________
limiting
(should) be
recommend
?细练升维考法(句型转换)
④(2021·浙江6月高考)I highly recommend visiting this exhibition. I am sure you will learn a lot about Chinese culture and art.
→I highly ____________________________________________. I am sure you will learn a lot about Chinese culture and art.
→I highly _________________________________. I am sure you will learn a lot about Chinese culture and art.
recommend that you (should) visit this exhibition
recommend you to visit this exhibition
4．despite prep.即使，尽管
常见考法 尽管……
升维考法 (1)regardless of ...强调“不认为……重要，从而不加以重视或考虑”，而despite和in spite of有“尽管……但是”之意。
(2)regardless of后可跟whether, what引导的从句，而in spite of和despite后不可接从句(what从句除外)。
?精练常见考法(一句多译)
①此外，尽管参加过许多考试，我仍然感到有点紧张。
→What's more, in spite of/despite _________________________, I still feel a little bit nervous.
→What's more, in spite of/despite the fact ___________________________, I still feel a little bit nervous.
having taken so many tests
that I have taken so many tests
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空)
②I couldn't contact my parents, despite ________ (know) they'd be worried.
③____ spite of the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.
④Regardless ___ any difficulty I meet with on my way to success, I will never give up.
knowing
In
of
5．major adj.主要的，重要的v.主修n.主修课程；主修……的学生
常见考法 (1)major in 主修……
(2)majority n. 大部分；大多数
the/a majority of 大部分；大多数
in a/the majority 占大多数
(3)minority n. 少数
in a/the minority 占少数
minor adj. 次要的
升维考法 (1)the majority作主语时，谓语动词既可以用复数，也可以用单数。
(2)“the majority of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the majority of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；“the majority＋集合名词”作主语时，谓语动词可用单数(视为整体)或复数(考虑其个体)。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/词汇升级/完成句子)
①As a graduate majoring ____ the English language, I feel excited to write this letter for the position.
②Mr White still worked in the office when most of his colleagues went home.
__________
in
the majority
③Those who have voted for me ___________________, so I am elected as chairman of the Students' Union.
为我投票的人占大多数，因此我被选为学生会主席。
④Some people gave up halfway, but ____________________________ made it to the finishing line.
有些人中途放弃了，但是大部分参赛者都成功跑到了终点。
are in the/a majority
the majority of the participants
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空)
⑤For example, if you look at the audience at a classical concert, the majority _____ (be) over the age of fifty.
⑥The majority of drinking water here ___ (be) transported from the outside.
is/are
is
经典增分句式—学通用活表达美
1．“疑问词＋－ever”引导的从句
(1)“疑问词＋－ever”既可引导让步状语从句，又可引导名词性从句。引导让步状语从句时，“疑问词＋－ever”与“no matter＋疑问词”可以互换。
(2)“no matter＋疑问词”只可引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。
?通过题点训练明确规则用法
(完成句子/句型转换)
①Our history teacher will serve as our guide, who is expected to tell us ________________________.
我们的历史老师将作为我们的向导，告诉我们想知道的任何事情。
②Whatever the result is, we should accept it with a smile, because we have tried our best.
→_________________________, we should accept it with a smile, because we have tried our best.
whatever we want to know
No matter what the result is
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③无论她在教学中遇到什么困难，她都不放弃。
__________________________________________, she doesn't give up.
④每年，任何一个做出最漂亮的风筝的人将会在风筝节赢得奖品。
Every year, _________________________________ will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
Whatever difficulties she encounters in teaching
whoever makes the most beautiful kite
2．next time引导时间状语从句
名词词组作连词用，引导时间状语从句的还有：
(1)由time构成的名词词组：each time, the last time, every time, any time等。
(2)the＋瞬间名词：the minute, the instant, the second, the moment等。
(3)the＋时间名词：the day/week/year, the spring/summer/autumn/winter, the first time等。
注意：for the first time为介词短语，意为“首次，第一次”，在句中一般作状语。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①Whenever we face fears, we gain strength, courage and confidence in the doing.
→___________________________, we gain strength, courage and confidence in the doing.
Each/Every time we face fears
②I remember you showed me some photos on that theme when you visited our school last time.
→I remember you showed me some photos on that theme ______________________________.
③He became interested in the young teacher's lesson when he attended his class for the first time.
→He became interested in the young teacher's lesson ______________________________.
the last time you visited our school
the first time he attended his class
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
④每一次我遇到困难，你都会及时出现并给予我帮助。
__________________________, you would turn up in time and give me a hand.
⑤他一在街上看到那个受伤的男孩，就毫不犹豫地下车，像箭一样冲过去帮助他。
_______________________________________________________________, he got off his car without hesitation and rushed like an arrow to assist him.
Every time I got into trouble
The moment/minute/instant/second he saw the injured boy on the street
3．do强调谓语动词
(1)“do/does/did＋动词原形”构成强调句，意为“确实；的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但必须符合以下两个条件：
①句子是肯定句；
②句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。
(2)在祈使句中运用“do＋动词原形”形式，往往不表示命令，而表示强烈的请求，有时表达更加客气的语气。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
(强调谓语动词)
①The baby is generally healthy, but every now and then she catches a cold.
→The baby is generally healthy, but every now and then she ________________.
②I hope you can take my suggestions into consideration.
→I _________ you can take my suggestions into consideration.
does catch a cold
do hope
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③我确实相信你会度过一段美好的时光。
I ____________________ that you will have a great time.
④无论你做什么，都要全力以赴，最终你就会成功。
Whatever you do, ____________________ and finally you will succeed.
do have the confidence
do devote yourself to it
2017·浙江6月高考·阅读理解A篇
Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one. In those days, a brush was made from camel's hair. There were no camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.
The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged (蓬乱). His father said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.
______________________________ That year, one of Benjamin's cousins, Mr. Pennington, came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamin's drawings. When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings (版画) by an artist. These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.
The cat's lot was about to improve.
In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years old, Mr. Pennington returned for another visit. He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift. He asked Benjamin's parents if he might take the boy back to Philadelphia for a visit.
In the city, Mr. Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings. The boy began a landscape (风景) painting. William Williams, a well－known painter, came to see him work. Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. The books were long and dull. Benjamin could read only a little, having been a poor student. But he later said, “Those two books were my companions by day, and under my pillow at night.” While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nine－year－old boy decided then that he would be an artist.
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了美国绘画之父本杰明·韦斯特小时候的艺术启蒙。
1．What is the text mainly about
A．Benjamin's visit to Philadelphia.
B．Williams' influence on Benjamin.
C．The beginning of Benjamin's life as an artist.
D．The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.
解析：主旨大意题。文章从本杰明在六岁时自制画笔作画写起，到后来利用专业工具作画，再到知名画家送给本杰明书籍，都是在讲述本杰明是如何一步步走上艺术之路的。
答案：C
2．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 suggest
A．The cat would be closely watched.
B．The cat would get some medical care.
C．Benjamin would leave his home shortly.
D．Benjamin would have real brushes soon.
解析：句意理解题。由前文可知，本杰明在没有专业画笔之前是用猫的毛制作画笔的。画线句的字面意思是“猫的命运将会得到改善”。由后文可知，本杰明的堂兄送给了他专业的颜料和画笔。由此可推知D项与画线句的意思相符。
答案：D
3．What did Pennington do to help Benjamin develop his talent
A．He took him to see painting exhibitions.
B．He provided him with painting materials.
C．He sent him to a school in Philadelphia.
D．He taught him how to make engravings.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章末段首句“In the city, Mr.Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings.”可知，为了更好地发展本杰明的绘画天赋，堂兄Pennington给了他很多帮助，提供了创作油画的材料。
答案：B
4．Williams' two books helped Benjamin to .
A．master the use of paints
B．appreciate landscape paintings
C．get to know other painters
D．make up his mind to be a painter
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段本杰明说的话以及“While it is likely that ... would be an artist.”可推知，Williams给本杰明的两本关于绘画的著作帮助本杰明打开了艺术之门，使他立志成为艺术家。
答案：D
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
句意理解题的思维建模(第2题)
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的意思)
①(一词多义)The brush did not last long. _____
②(一词多义)Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing. _____
③(熟词生义)The cat's lot was about to improve. ___________
持续
承认
命运；处境
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①show one's talent for ______________________
②know about _____
③be made from ____________
④come to visit _________
显示某人在某方面的才能
了解
由……制成
前去探望
三、寻结构破长句
While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings.
抓标志：从属连词______；连接词_____
判类型：让步状语从句(含有一个主语从句)＋主句
试翻译：____________________________，但它们是他对古典绘画的入门指导。
while
that
虽然他可能对这些书知之甚少
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏意境之美)Before long, the cat began to look ragged. His father said that the cat must be sick.
赏析：Benjamin West为了制作画笔，剪猫的毛发，以至于父亲判断猫生了病。这两句话语言简短、用词平常，但是勾勒出的生活情景既滑稽好笑又令人对Benjamin West勤于练习的精神感到敬佩。
2．(赏修辞之美)Those two books were my companions by day, and under my pillow at night.
赏析：本句使用了暗喻的修辞手法，把那两本书比作companion(伙伴，同伴)，生动形象地表达了这两本书在Benjamin West内心的重要地位。
[对点练——完成句子]
①The Children were ______________, making preparations for the festival.
孩子们忙得像蜜蜂一样，正在为节日作准备。
②_____________. You've got to watch him.
他就是一只狐狸。你对他可要当心点儿。
as busy as bees
He's just a fox
“课时作业”
(单击进入电子文档)
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谢
观
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必修
UNIT 2 Be sporty, be healthy
开始
01
02
03
课前——语基自主落实
课堂——能力融会发展
课下——主题素养训练
一、背单词—多多益善
(一)易记词汇“一遍过”
1．bat n． 蝙蝠；球棒，球板
vt.& vi. 用球棒(板)击球
2．pull－up n. 引体向上
3．sweat n. 汗水
vt.& vi. 出汗，流汗
4．court n. 球场；法院，法庭；宫廷
5．tend vi. 往往会；趋向
vt. 照看
6．disease n. 病，疾病
7．range n. 范围，界限，区间；一系列
8．lack n. 缺乏，匮乏，短缺
vt.& vi. 没有，缺乏，不足，短缺
9．plus conj. 而且，此外
prep. 加；和
10．nearby adj. 附近的，邻近的
adv. 在附近，不远
11．partner n. 搭档，同伴；伙伴；合伙人
12．update vt. 使现代化，更新；向……提供最新信息
n. 最新消息
13．master n. 大师，能手；主人
vt. 精通，掌握；控制
14．ache vi.& n. 疼痛，隐痛
15．root vt.& vi. (使)生根
n. 根，根茎；根源，起因
16．injury n. 伤害，损伤
(二)挑战词汇“三遍熟”
1．assume vt. 假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；
呈现，显露
2．immune adj. 有免疫力；不受影响的；免除的
3．throughout prep. 自始至终；各处，遍及
4．diagram n. 简图，图解，图表，示意图
5．backwards (backward) adv. 向后；朝反方向
6．moreover adv. 此外，而且
7．routine n. 常规，惯例
adj. 常规的，例行的；乏味的
8．stretch vt.& vi. 伸展，舒展；拉长；伸出；(使)延伸
9．average n. 平均水平，一般水准
adj. 平均的；典型的
10．prevent vt. 阻止，阻碍
11．maintain vt. 维持；维修，保养
12．replace vt. 用……替换；代替，取代；更换，更新
13．position n. 处境；位置；姿势；观点；地位
14．nowadays adv. 现今，现在
(三)变形词汇“寻规记”
1．congratulate vt.祝贺→______________ n．祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺
2．reduce vt.减少，缩小→__________ n．减少
3．move v．移动；运动；搬动→__________ n．活动，转动；移动；运动
4．energy n．能，能量；精力；能源→________ adj.精力充沛的
5．equip v．装备，配备→__________ n．设备；配备，装备→_________ adj.装备齐全的；有能力的
congratulation
reduction
movement
energetic
equipment
equipped
6．announce vt.宣布，宣告；通知→______________ n．通知；宣告→__________ n．播音员；宣告者
7．hesitate vi.犹豫，迟疑→__________ n．犹豫
8．admit vt.& vi.承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入→__________ n．承认；准许进入；入场费
9．inspire vt.激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情感)→_________ adj.鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的→__________ n．灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或事物)
10．explore vt.& vi.探究，探索；勘探，勘察→________ n．探险者→___________ n．探险；探索；勘查
announcement
announcer
hesitation
admission
inspiring
inspiration
explorer
exploration
11．imitate vt.模仿；仿效→_________ n．模仿；仿制品
12．satisfy vt.使满意→________ adj.感到满意的→_________ adj.令人满意的→___________ n．满意；满足，达到
13．philosophy n．哲学→___________ n．哲学家
14．unite v．联合，联手；团结，统一→_____ n．统一体，联合体，整体；团结一致，联合，统一
15．exist vi.存在；生活，生存→_________ n．存在
16．breath n．呼吸→________ vi.& vt.呼吸；呼出→__________ adj.呼吸困难的
imitation
satisfied
satisfying
satisfaction
philosopher
unity
existence
breathe
breathless
(四)联想词汇“一线牵”
1．“假设，如果”说法荟萃
①assuming that ②supposing/suppose that
③in case ④providing/provided that
⑤on condition that
2．后缀“－ation”名词聚焦
①inspiration 鼓舞；灵感
②consideration 考虑
③celebration 庆祝；庆典
④appreciation 欣赏；感激
⑤organisation 组织；团体；机构
3．后缀“－ence”名词一览
①exist→existence 生存；存在
②consequent→consequence 结果
③convenient→convenience 便利；方便
④absent→absence 缺乏；缺席
⑤competent→competence 能力；胜任
二、背词块—丰富表达
1．___________ 创造奇迹，产生神奇作用
2．________________ 长期
3．_________ 持续，坚持
4．___________ 弥补，补偿
5．_______________________ 对……进行最后的润色
6．____________ 对……作出反应；作为对……的回复
do wonders
over the long term
stick with
make up for
put the finishing touches to
in response to
7．________________ 略有不适，不舒服
8．__________ 不足为奇，并不奇怪
9．_________ 一般来说
10．__________ 平均
11．______________ 盼望；期待
12．____________ 说实话，老实说
13．_____________ 和……一起玩耍
14．__________________ 一再的，反复的
under the weather
no wonder
in general
on average
look forward to
to be honest
hang out with
over and over again
15．___________ 起源于
16．___________ 首先
17．________ 处于……危险之中
18．______________ 冤枉
19．___________________ 对……有极大的影响
20．_________ 最重要的，首先
21．________________ 不准；阻止
be rooted in
to start with
at risk of
be wrong about
have a huge effect on
above all
prevent ... from ...
?联想串记
1．结构相似的短语聚会
①over and over again 一再的，反复的
②day and night 日夜；昼夜
③here and there 到处
④now and then 时而；不时
⑤right and left 左右两边
⑥back and forth 来来回回
2．“no＋n.”短语聚焦
①no wonder 不足为奇，并不奇怪
②no way 没门；不行
③no problem 没问题
④no sense 没道理
⑤no hurry 不急；勿慌
⑥no surprise 毫无意外
⑦no comments 无可奉告
⑧no use 没用
三、背好句好段—增分写作
(一)背好句—有“话”好好说
1．sb./sth.is likely to do ...
教材原句 Above all, choose activities you enjoy because, in this way, you're more likely to stick with them.
最重要的是，选择你喜欢的活动，因为这样你更有可能坚持下去。
推荐佳句 ①(新教材人教版选择性必修2佳句)The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water.
与饮用纯净水或开水的人相比，饮用这种(被污染的)水的人更容易染上霍乱。
②(新教材外研版选择性必修4佳句)This is likely to have led to a series of droughts, each lasting for a couple of years, including a “megadrought” around 900 AD.
这可能导致了一系列旱灾，每一次旱灾都持续若干年，其中就包括公元900年的一场“百年不遇的旱灾”。
续
表
2.状语从句的省略
教材原句 To prevent soft tissue injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising.
为避免软组织受伤，锻炼时一定要穿戴合适的衣服和护具。
推荐佳句 ①(新教材人教版选择性必修1佳句)In Japan, it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person.
在日本，与年长者交谈时，目光下垂表示敬重。
②(新教材北师大版必修2佳句)When thanking the Committee for the honour, Tu Youyou said, “This is not only an honour for myself, but also recognition and encouragement for all scientists in China.”
屠呦呦感谢诺委会授予她如此殊荣，她说：“这不仅是授予我个人的荣誉，也是对全体中国科学家的认可和鼓励。”
续表
3.现在完成进行时
教材原句 I've been feeling a bit under the weather recently: generally tired and not myself.
我最近感觉有点不舒服：全身疲惫而且不在状态。
推荐佳句 ①(新教材人教版选择性必修3佳句)We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive, but spring is coming, and the ice will soon begin to melt.
现在，我们在冰层上扎营，一直在设法生存下来，但是，春天就要来了，冰层很快就会融化。
②(新教材外研版必修2佳句)Today I've been photographing a crocodile swimming close to our boat, the Kimberley Quest, all day.
今天我一直在拍摄一条鳄鱼，它一整天都在我们乘坐的“金伯利探索号”附近徘徊。
续表
4.主语＋be said to have done ...
教材原句 Zhang Sanfeng, a 13th－century Taoist, was said to have invented tai chi ...
传说13世纪时，一个叫张三丰的道士创立了太极拳……
推荐佳句 ①The changes caused by global warming are said to have affected the entire ecosystem.
据说，全球变暖所带来的变化已经影响到了整个生态系统。
②(新教材外研版选择性必修1佳句)Alexander the Great and Marco Polo were said to have visited such a tree in India.
据说亚历山大大帝和马可·波罗曾在印度见过这样一棵树。
5．no wonder “难怪”
教材原句 No wonder some tai chi moves are named after animals — Chinese martial arts have a long－standing practice of imitating animals.
由于中国武术中模拟动物的做法由来已久，太极拳的部分招式以动物来命名也就不足为奇了。
推荐佳句 ①(2021·浙江6月高考)No wonder many students think highly of this exhibition, which provides a platform for them to explore the beauty of Chinese art. 难怪很多学生对这次展览评价很高，这为他们探索中国艺术之美提供了一个平台。
②Apart from hard work, he was modest.No wonder he could make great achievements.
除了工作努力外，他还很谦虚。难怪他能取得巨大的成就。
续表
(二)背好段—有“情”慢慢聊
情感表达之“感激”
As soon as my father appeared, I held him tight. “Thank you, Dad！” I said. I could see a big smile on his wrinkled face. Regardless of the bad weather, my father had gone to work every day to make money. I could not imagine how much effort he had made! I tried to convey my gratitude to him but words failed me. My father kissed me on the cheek, whispering that he had at last earned enough to buy the piano. It was an unbelievable surprise. Only then did I realize that no gift could measure up to a father's love.
[点评] 本段中使用了“held him tight, Regardless of the bad weather, how much effort he had made, tried to convey my gratitude, words failed me, measure up to”等动作或心理描写，充分表达了作者对父亲的感激之情。
四、语基课前自查——摸底训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Never force your legs to overstretch, or you can cause _______ (受伤)．
2．The young man was eager for a good _______ (位置) in that company after he graduated.
3．I must have slept in an awkward position — I'm _______ (疼痛) all over.
injuries
position
aching
4．The moment he entered the school，the freshman applied to be a volunteer for the __________ (运动)．
5．Most people walk at an ________ (平均的) rate of 5 kilometres an hour.
6．Every tree has its _____ (根) and every river has its source.
7．By the end of the match, the ______ (汗水) was pouring off him.
8．Faced with violent competition, my ________ (伙伴) and I had no alternative but to dive into our studies.
9．__________ (现在) more and more middle school students are getting stressed in their studies.
movement
average
roots
sweat
partners
Nowadays
10．I want to travel all over the world, so I need to ________ (掌握) English first.
11．In our daily ________ (常规) our headteacher often warns us of the possible problems we might run into.
12．The colleges grouped together to offer a wider ______ (范围) of courses.
13．I take possession of three cars and I have the capacity to ________ (维修) them on a regular basis.
14．The athlete didn't win a medal or become a __________ (冠军)，but the audience didn't view him as a failure.
master
routine
range
maintain
champion
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The headmaster's exciting ________________ (congratulate) on her good performance encouraged her greatly.
2．Don't assume that you are a princess and stop living in ____________ (assume) any more.
3．The storm tends to hit our city，and we will observe the __________ (tend) of it closely.
4．To keep ________ (energy)，he sets aside two hours a day to take exercise.
congratulations
assumptions
tendency
energetic
5．Many __________ came here to explore the mountain.Without doubt, it's worth the ___________.(explore)
6．To the ___________ (satisfy) of the boss，his products could satisfy the needs of the customers.
7．Quarrel broke out one evening and Kate came into the room ___________ (breathe)．
8．Don't hesitate to ask for help and solve the problem without __________ (hesitate)．
9．The parking place for bikes was an ________ (exist) problem for a long time in our school.
explorers
exploration
satisfaction
breathlessly
hesitation
existing
10．With great efforts, she has reduced her weight ____ five kilograms in the past one month.
11．The hospital has recently obtained new medical ___________ (equip), allowing more patients to be treated.
12．I am eager to keep myself ________ (update) with the latest news by surfing the Internet.
13．It _____________ (announce) that the blog posted by the troll contains much false information.
14．In order to keep rivers and lakes clean and prevent water from ______________ (pollute), we must do something to protect them.
by
equipment
updated
is announced
being polluted
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．__________________, the stock market news will be good.
2．He has admitted his mistakes and promised to ___________ the loss.
3．She went over what she had written and ________________________ the essay.
do wonders， over the long term， look forward to， put the finishing touches to，stick with， make up for， in response to， above all， under the weather， no wonder
Over the long term
make up for
put the finishing touches to
4．_____________ the plan, we change our work schedule and habit.
5．Can we make it a little later I feel _________________.
6．Even if it is simply a simple walk in nature, it will ___________ for your body.
7．__________ you are confused about our table manners, for it is the first time that you have been to China.
In response to
under the weather
do wonders
No wonder
8．If you're in a job that keeps you busy and confident, _________ it.
9．Thanks for your kind consideration and I ______________ your earliest reply.
10．And ________, believe in yourself and your ability to take control of your future.
stick with
look forward to
above all
Ⅳ.多维表达
1．(完成句子)Most importantly, the elderly are _______________________
_______________________ because they are well respected in China.
最重要的是，老人是第一个品尝餐桌上美食的人，因为在中国老人倍受尊重。
2．(完成句子)(2022·全国乙卷)Next, _______________________ is the most popular way.
其次，听英语歌曲是最受欢迎的方式。
the first to taste the delicious food on the table
listening to English songs
3．(完成句子)_________________________________ was that he got up late.
他迟到的原因是他起床晚了。
4．(完成句子)_______________________, he has been eating sweets all day.
难怪他不饿，他一整天都在吃甜食。
The reason why/for which he was late
No wonder he isn't hungry
5．(一句多译)据报道，本周日在美术馆将有一个中国剪纸展览。
→________________ there will be a Chinese paper－cutting show this Sunday in the art gallery.
→A Chinese paper－cutting show ____________________ this Sunday in the art gallery.
6．(句式升级)While I was working, I realised how hard it was to work in the fields under the hot sun.
→______________, I realised how hard it was to work in the fields under the hot sun.(升级为省略句)
It is reported that
is reported to be held
While working
中档保分词汇—自查自纠无盲点
1．congratulation n．祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺
(单句语法填空/一句多译)
①I am writing a letter of _____________ (congratulate) to my monitor on his being elected as chairman of the Students' Union.
②He gave us ______________ (congratulation) at the wedding ceremony and wished us a merry honeymoon.
③首先，我对你在英语演讲比赛中的成功表示衷心的祝贺。
→Firstly, ______________________________________________ in the English speech contest.(congratulation)
→Firstly, ______________________________________ in the English speech contest.(congratulate)
congratulation
congratulations
I express my sincere congratulations on your success
I sincerely congratulate you on your success
系统归纳 (1)congratulations on sth. 祝贺某事
express/send/offer congratulations to sb.on sth. 祝贺某人某事
a letter of congratulation 一封祝贺信
(2)congratulate vt. 祝贺，庆祝
congratulate sb.on sth./doing sth. 祝贺某人(做)某事
congratulate oneself on doing sth. 因做某事而感到高兴/庆幸
微点提醒 ①congratulate表示“庆祝，祝贺”，指对某人取得的成就或喜庆之事表示祝贺，其宾语是人，表示就某事祝贺某人时，常与介词on搭配；
②celebrate表示“庆祝，庆贺”，通常指举行盛大隆重的仪式庆祝或纪念有意义的日子或某件事情，多暗示节日般的欢乐场面，宾语为事件。
2.tend vi.往往会；趋向 vt.照看
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①While I hate to admit it, people always tend ________ (judge) a person by his or her appearance initially.
②As a Senior 3 student, it is normal that you have a ________ (tend) to get anxious with time going by.
③I'm writing to express my sincere thanks to Ms Wang who ______________________________.
我写信是为了向在医院里照顾我妈妈的王女士表示真诚的感谢。
to judge
tendency
tended my mother in the hospital
系统归纳 (1)tend to do sth. 倾向于做某事
tend sb./sth. 照顾/护理某人/某物
(2)tendency n. 趋势；倾向；偏好
have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的倾向
3.range n．范围，界限，区间；一系列 vi.包括；(在一定范围内)变化
(单句语法填空/句式升级)
①The table tennis team will hold a range ___ activities including some training and matches.
②When driving on freeways, the driver must control his or her speed _________ the range of speed－limiting.
of
within/in
③The national park has a large collection of wildlife，________ (range) from butterflies to elephants.
④He has a number of interests.They range from playing chess to swimming.
→He has a number of interests, _______________________________________. (定语从句)
→He has a number of interests ___________________________________.(非谓语动词作状语)
ranging
which range from playing chess to swimming
ranging from playing chess to swimming
系统归纳 (1)a wide range of 一系列……
beyond/out of range 在射程外；在范围外
within/in range 在射程以内；在范围内
(2)range from ...to ... 在…… 范围内变动；
包括……到……之间的各类事物
range between ...and ... 在……和……范围内变动
微点提醒 range意为“一系列；范围”时是可数名词，多以单数形式出现；意为“山脉”时也是可数名词，但多以复数形式出现。
4.equipment n．[U]设备；配备，装备
(单句语法填空/句式升级)
①We want our son to have a good education that will equip him ___ future life.
②It is often said that human beings are naturally equipped ________ (speak)．
③He is equipped with much experience in teaching, so he is well respected by all his students.
→_______________________________________, he is well respected by all his students.(过去分词短语作状语)
→______________________________________________, he is well respected by all his students.(现在分词短语作状语)
for
to speak
Equipped with much experience in teaching
Equipping himself with much experience in teaching
系统归纳 equip v． 装备，配备
equip ...with ... 用……装备……
be equipped with ... 配备着……
equip ...for ... 为……装备；为……做好准备
be equipped to do sth. 能够胜任做某事
微点提醒 (1)短语be equipped with在句中作状语时常用过去分词形式。
(2)equipment是不可数名词，没有复数形式。表示“一件装备”用a piece of equipment。
5.lack n．缺乏，匮乏，短缺；短缺的东西vt.& vi.没有，缺乏，不足，短缺
(单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译)
①For lack ___ sufficient oxygen, the astronaut could not carry on with his mission.
②Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and __________________.
健康问题与不好的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼密切相关。
of
(a) lack of exercise
③(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)尽管这对双胞胎缺乏烹饪经验，但他们通过上网寻求建议弥补了这一点。
→Though they ________________________，the twins made up for it by turning to the Internet for some advice.
→________________________________，the twins made up for it by turning to the Internet for some advice.(省略句)
lacked cooking experience
Though lacking cooking experience
系统归纳 (1)for lack of 因缺乏……
(a) lack of 缺乏……
(2)lacking adj. 短缺的；缺乏的
be lacking in 缺少……
微点提醒 lack作名词时常与介词of连用；作动词时可作及物动词直接加宾语(不能用于被动语态和进行时)，也可作不及物动词，后常与介词for连用；形容词lacking常与in连用。
6.announce vt.宣布，宣告；通知
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①The government announced ___ the media the plan to develop a new project.
②At the end of the meeting，it _____________ (announce) that an agreement had been reached.
③They made an _____________ (announce) of the marriage of their daughter.
④_________________ this bad weather has occurred due to climate change.
据宣布这一恶劣天气是由气候变化导致的。
to
was announced
announcement
It's announced that
系统归纳 (1)announce sth.to sb. 向某人宣布某事
It is announced that ... 据宣布……
(2)announcer n. 宣告者；播音员
announcement n. 通告，声明；宣布，宣告
make an announcement 宣布；发布通知
微点提醒 announce后不接双宾语，常用于announce sth. to sb.结构，用法类似的动词还有suggest，explain等。
7.hesitate vi.犹豫，迟疑；顾虑
(单句语法填空/一句多译)
①To be honest, I hesitated __________ the option between the two dresses.
②无论你何时有麻烦，我都会毫不犹豫地帮助你。
→Whenever you are in trouble, ____________________________________. (hesitation)
→Whenever you are in trouble, __________________________________. (hesitate)
about/over
I will do you a favour without hesitation
I will not hesitate to do you a favour
系统归纳 (1)hesitate about/over (doing)... 对(做)……犹豫
hesitate to do sth. 迟疑做某事，不愿做某事
(2)hesitation n. 犹豫；迟疑
without hesitation 毫不犹豫
8.inspire vt.激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情感)
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①_________ (inspire) by the Chinese cultural confidence, we adapted a short play based on one of the English texts.
②For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an __________ (inspire) for Western creative.
③His words didn't exactly inspire me _____ confidence.
④His deeds ______________________ to help those who are in trouble.
他的事迹激励着我们尽最大努力去帮助那些有困难的人。
Inspired
inspiration
with
inspire us to do our best
系统归纳 (1)inspire sb.to do sth. 激励某人做某事
inspire sb.with sth.＝inspire sth.in sb. 使某人产生某种感情
(2)inspiration n． 灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或事物)
inspired adj. 受鼓舞的；受启发的
inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的
9.satisfaction n．满意；满足，达到；欣慰
(用所给词的适当形式填空/完成句子)
①To my ___________, my son finally found a ____________________job.He was ________ to work in the factory.(satisfy)
②_________________, my father created a good learning atmosphere for me.Looking at my report card, he nodded _______________, a smile spreading across his face.
为了满足我的需要，爸爸为我创造了一个良好的学习氛围。看着我的成绩单，他满意地点了点头，脸上绽开了笑容。
satisfaction
satisfactory/satisfying
satisfied
To satisfy my needs
with satisfaction
③Your travel agency had promised “Satisfaction Guaranteed”， but as a matter of fact, none of the tourists ___________________________.
你的旅行社曾作出“保证满意”的承诺，可是事实上没有一个游客对你们的服务满意。
was satisfied with your service
系统归纳 (1)with satisfaction 满意地
to one's satisfaction 使某人感到满意的是
(2)satisfy v. (使)满意；(使)满足
(3)satisfied adj. 感到满意的
be satisfied with 对……感到满意
satisfying adj. 令人满意的
satisfactory adj. 令人满意的，够好的，可以的
微点提醒 “令某人极为/非常……的是”的表达为：to one's great＋n.或much to one's＋n.；可用于此结构的抽象名词有：satisfaction, disappointment, surprise, astonishment, delight等。
教材基础语法—再认再现基础牢
现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态
(完成句子)
①More than 2,500 people __________________________, including 699 in intensive care.
超过2 500人正在医院接受治疗，其中699人在重症监护室。
②Ten minutes _______________________ to study the problem.
已经充分利用了十分钟的时间来研究这个问题。
are being treated in hospital
has been made full use of
③It is said that a new kind of drug ______________________________ and they are hopeful that they will succeed in a few months.
据说，科学家们正在研发一种新的药物，他们希望在几个月内取得成功。
④Large quantities of information, as well as some timely help, ________________ since the organization was built.
自从这个组织建立以来，它已经提供了大量的信息和一些及时的帮助。
is being developed by the scientists
have been offered
⑤At present, ___________________________________ to guard against food poisoning.
目前，为防止食物中毒，一些必要措施正在被实施。
⑥The computer ______________________________________, and you can take it away.
这台电脑已经修好了，你可以带走了。
some necessary measures are being taken
some necessary measures are being taken
[谨记规则]
(1)现在进行时的被动语态的构成为be being done，表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的被动动作，强调主语是动作的承受者。
(2)现在完成时的被动语态的构成为have/has been done，同它的主动语态一样，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或者表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去。
复杂多变词汇—条分缕析逐点清
1．replace vt.用……替换；代替，取代；更换，更新
常见考法 (1)replace sth. with/by sth. 用……替换……
(2) 代替
(3)in place of 代替
升维考法 (1)表示“代替某人”除了replace sb.外，还有短语：in place of sb., in one's place, take the place of sb., take one's place。其中in place of 为介词短语，不可单独作谓语。
(2)replace sth.with/by sth.意为“用某物替换某物”，而replace sb.as意为“取代某人成为……”。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/熟词生义)
①As far as I'm concerned, it is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them __________ snacks.
②It is generally believed that teachers will never ___________ (replace) by computers in class.
③She replaced the books after reading and fell asleep. __________
with/by
be replaced
vt.放回原处
?细练升维考法(一句多译)
④找到一个合适的人来代替现在的经理是很难的。
→It would be difficult to find a suitable man ____________________________.(in place of)
→It would be difficult to find a suitable man ____________________________.(replace)
→It would be difficult to find a suitable man ___________________________________.(take the place of)
in place of the present manager
to replace the present manager
to take the place of the present manager
2．admit vt.& vi.承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入；可容纳
常见考法
be admitted as ... 作为……被接受
be admitted into/to ... 被……录取；被……接收
(2)admission n． 承认；许可；允许进入；入场券
升维考法 (1)admit后跟doing sth.意为“承认做某事”，后跟having done sth.意为“承认做过某事”，强调主动完成的动作。
(2)主动语态admit sb.to/into ...意为“准许某人进入……；允许某人加入……”；被动语态be admitted to/into意为“被接收(入学/入院/入党等)”。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/熟词生义/完成句子)
①She apologized to me and admitted __________________ (take) my umbrella by mistake.
②The exams are likely to work out as expected and my dream to be admitted ________ my favorite university will come true.
③Gaining _________ (admit) to a key university is seen as a key to future success for some parents.
taking/having taken
to/into
admission
④It is said that admission to the concert is ￡5 and as a result, I determine to enjoy it. _______
⑤I am proud of our school and feel fortunate to _____________________________.
我以我们的学校为荣，并觉得很幸运能获准入学成为其中一名学生。
入场券
be admitted as one of its students
?细练升维考法(一句多译)
⑥作为男子汉，你应该有勇气承认自己犯了错误。
→As a man, you should have the courage to __________________________.
→As a man, you should have the courage to ________________________________.
admit having made mistakes
admit that you have made mistakes
3．prevent ...from ...不准；阻止……
常见考法 (1)stop ...from (doing) ... 制止……(做)……
keep ...from (doing) ... 阻止……(做)……
(2)protect ...against/from ... 保护……以防……
升维考法 prevent sb. from doing sth.与stop sb. from doing sth.用法相同，在主动语态中 from可以省略，被动语态中不能省略。keep sb. from doing sth.中的from无论在主动语态中还是在被动语态中都不可以省略。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/一句多译)
①The situation in that area should ____________ (prevent) from becoming worse.
②Soldiers have been sent to protect the crew ____________ attack.
③必须采取有效措施保护环境免受污染。
→Effective measures must be taken to ________________________________
____________. (protect)
→Effective measures must be taken to _______________________________
__________________.(prevent/keep/stop)
be prevented
against/from
protect the environment from/against pollution
prevent/keep/stop the environment from being polluted
?细练升维考法(一句多译)
④我们应该阻止工厂把废水排入河流。
→We are supposed to ____________________________________________
________________.
→The waste water is supposed to __________________________________
___________________________.
prevent/stop the factory (from) pouring waste water into rivers
be prevented/stopped/kept from pouring into rivers by the factory
4．make up for弥补，补偿
常见考法 make up 和好；编造；组成；化妆；弥补
be made up of 由……组成，由……构成
make it 做到，成功；赶上，及时到达
make out 辨认出；理解；听清
make (no) sense 讲得(不)通，有(没)道理
make sense of 理解
make up one's mind 下决心，决定
升维考法 ①make up 表示“弥补，补偿，补上”时，主要指增加数量或数额来使其达到应有的规模，含有“补足”“补齐”“凑足”之类的意思。
②make up for 表示“弥补；补足”时，主要指通过提供一些好的东西来平衡或弥补不好的情况或影响。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①They have made ____ their minds to learn from you to make up ____ their shortcomings.
②The team made up ___ ten young men often quarrelled, but they soon made ___.
③Bats often send out sound waves and make sense ___ their environment from the echoes they receive back.
up
for
of
up
of
?细练升维考法(完成句子)
④Hard work can often ____________ a lack of intelligence.
勤奋工作往往可以弥补智力的不足。
⑤We need $50 to _________ the sum required.
我们需要五十美元以补足所需要的数目。
make up for
make up
经典增分句式—学通用活表达美
1．sb./sth.is said to do ...
(1)可用于此句型结构的过去分词有thought, reported, believed, advised, required, hoped, suggested等。
(2)to do为一般式，根据情况，不定式也可用进行式或完成式。
(3)此句型可转化为It is said that ...句型。
?通过题点训练明确规则用法
(单句语法填空/句型转换)
①She is said ______________ (write) a report about wildlife protection the other day.
②He is believed ____________ (sleep) at home now.
③Drinking much pure water is said to be good for health.
→___________ drinking much pure water is good for health.
④The book is known to have been translated into ten languages.
→___________________________________________ ten languages.
to have written
to be sleeping
It's said that
It is known that the book has been translated into
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
⑤据说，数百幅古代艺术家创作的中国画将进行展出，参观者将从中感受到丰富多彩的中国文化。
→____________ hundreds of Chinese paintings by ancient artists will be on display, from which visitors will feel the colourful Chinese culture.
→Hundreds of Chinese paintings by ancient artists ______________________, from which visitors will feel the colourful Chinese culture.
It's said that
are said to be on display
⑥据报道，这些关于中国的纪录片在国外很受欢迎。
→_________________ the documentaries about China are well received outside China.
→The documentaries about China ___________________ well received outside China.
It is reported that
are reported to be
2．no wonder难怪；不足为奇
(1)No wonder (that) ...＝It's no wonder (that) ...
难怪……；……不足为奇
It's a wonder that ... 奇怪的是……
in wonder 惊讶地
I wonder whether (if)/when/why/how ...
我想知道是否/什么时候/为什么/怎么……
(2)There is no doubt that ... 毫无疑问……
There is no point (in) doing sth. 做某事无意义
There is no need to do sth. 没有必要做某事
?通过题点训练明确规则用法
(单句语法填空)
①He hasn't slept at all for three days. ____ wonder that he is tired out.
②Now that we have finished our work, there is no point ________ (stay) any longer; we may as well go home.
③I plan to pay a visit to you this Saturday morning.I wonder __________ you will be free then.
④He is the best student in the school. _______ is no doubt that he can get the first prize.
No
staying
whether/if
There
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
⑤有这么多的好处，难怪旅游在中国越来越受欢迎。
With all these advantages of travel, ___________________ travel has now become more and more popular in China.
⑥令人惊奇的是那个没有双手的人能用脚写字写得如此好。
________________ the man without hands can write so well with his feet.
(it is) no wonder that
It's a wonder that
⑦没有必要担心接下来会发生什么。
____________________________ what will happen next.
⑧我常常想：后代将怎样评价我们所作出的努力。
__________________ future generations will make of our efforts.
There is no need to worry about
I often wonder what
2022·新高考 Ⅱ 卷·阅读理解D篇
As we age, even if we're healthy, the heart just isn't as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be. In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early 60s. And among people who don't exercise, the changes can start even sooner.
“Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken，” says Dr.Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University of Texas. That's what happens to the heart. Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven't been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.
Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy. Participants were randomly divided into two groups. The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic (无氧) exercise — balance training and weight training — three times a week.The second group did high－intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health.
“We took these 50－year－old hearts and turned the clock back to 30－ or 35－year－old hearts，” says Levine. “And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump (泵送) a lot more blood during exercise.” But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didn't change, he says.
“The sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you haven't already, is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility，” Levine says.“We put healthy 70－year－olds through a yearlong exercise training program, and nothing happened to them at all.”
Dr.Nieca Goldberg, a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, says Levine's findings are a great start. But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是锻炼对于心脏的好处。
1．What does Levine want to explain by mentioning the rubber band
A．The right way of exercising.
B．The causes of a heart attack.
C．The difficulty of keeping fit.
D．The aging process of the heart.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的本·莱文博士说的话以及“That's what happens to the heart.”可知，莱文想通过提到橡皮筋来解释心脏的老化过程。
答案：D
2．In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design
A．Diet plan. B．Professional background.
C．Exercise type. D．Previous physical condition.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The first group ...days a week.”可知，第一组每周参加三次无氧运动——平衡训练和重量训练；第二组在教练的指导下每周进行4天或更多天的高强度有氧运动。由此可知，两组在研究设计上的不同在于运动类型的不同。
答案：C
3．What does Levine's research find
A．Middle－aged hearts get younger with aerobic exercise.
B．High－intensity exercise is more suitable for the young.
C．It is never too late for people to start taking exercise.
D．The more exercise we do, the stronger our hearts get.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“The second group ...in heart health.”和第四段莱文说的话可知，莱文的研究发现了通过有氧运动，中年人的心脏会变得更年轻。
答案：A
4．What does Dr.Nieca Goldberg suggest
A．Making use of the findings.
B．Interviewing the study participants.
C．Conducting further research.
D．Clarifying the purpose of the study.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But the study ...make the biggest difference.”可知，妮卡·戈德堡博士建议进行进一步的研究。
答案：C
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
推理判断题的思维建模(第4题)
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的意思)
①(熟词生义)As we age, even if we're healthy, the heart just isn't as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be. _____
②(一词多义)And among people who don't exercise, the changes can start even sooner. _____
③(熟词生义)Dr.Nieca Goldberg, a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, says Levine's findings are a great start. _____
变老
锻炼
开端
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①even if ____________
②show up ____________
③in one's 50s ___________________
④in the beginning _______
⑤get in shape ___________
即使；尽管
出现；露面
在某人50多岁的时候
起初
健身；塑形
⑥be divided into ________
⑦participate in ______
⑧three times a week _________
⑨under the guidance of _______________
⑩make the biggest difference _____________
被分成
参加
每周三次
在……的指导下
起最大的作用
三、寻结构破长句
1．As we age, even if we're healthy, the heart just isn't as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be.
抓标志：从属连词_____________
判类型：时间状语从句＋让步状语从句＋主句＋比较状语从句
试翻译：_____________________________，心脏处理氧气的效率___________________。
as; even if; as
随着我们变老，即使我们很健康
也不像以前那么高了
2．Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven't been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.
抓标志：连接词_____; 从属连词_______
判类型：主句＋宾语从句(含有一个让步状语从句；动名词短语作主语)
试翻译：莱文发现，幸运的是，对于那些中年人士来说，_______________________________，现在健身也可能有助于改善你老化的心脏。
that
even if
即使你不是一个热情的运动爱好者
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)“The sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you haven't already, is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility，” Levine says.
赏析：用形容词sweet修饰spot来描述开始锻炼的最佳时机，增加了参与锻炼的吸引力；has flexibility加上副词still，客观说明了中年后期心脏的特点，生动描述了不可错过这一时机锻炼的紧迫性。
[对点练——单句语法填空/完成句子]
①Swimming can increase __________ (flexible) of our body, enhance balance and coordination.
②Proper food, regular exercise and a positive attitude can be beneficial to us during _______________________.
适当的食物、定期的锻炼和积极的态度可以在这个苦中带甜的一年里让我们受益匪浅。
flexibility
this bitter but sweet year
2．(赏结构之美)And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump a lot more blood during exercise.
赏析：本句使用了定语从句和表语从句。省略了why的定语从句准确指出了是哪一方面的原因，that引导的表语从句说明了原因的内容。句子结构严谨，语言精练，表意充分。
3．(赏修辞之美)“We took these 50－year－old hearts and turned the clock back to 30－ or 35－year－old hearts，” says Levine.
赏析：“我们把这些50岁的心脏的时钟拨回到30或35岁的心脏。”Levine通过把心脏的年龄比作时钟，生动形象地说明了锻炼的效果，表意贴切，给人以深刻印象。
“课时作业”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢
谢
观
看(共118张PPT)
必修
UNIT 3 Festivals and customs
开始
01
02
03
课前——语基自主落实
课堂——能力融会发展
课下——主题素养训练
一、背单词—多多益善
(一)易记词汇“一遍过”
1．march vi. 齐步走，前进；游行示威
n. 游行示威；行进
2．current n. 水流，潮流；电流；思潮
adj. 当前的；通用的
3．annual adj. 每年的，年度的；一年的
4．engine n. 发动机，引擎
5．acid n. 酸
adj. 酸性的；酸味的
6．stuff n. 东西，物品；活儿，话
vt. 填满，装满；把……塞进
7．source n. 来源；起源；源头
8．chain n. 链子，链条；一系列；连锁店
vt. 用锁链拴住
9．lunar adj. 月亮的，月球的
10．duty n. 责任，义务；上班，值班； 职责；税
11．sort n. 种类，类别
vt. 整理，分类；妥善处理
12．bite n. (咬下的)一口；咬；咬伤
vt.& vi. 咬，叮
13．settle vi.& vt. 定居；结束；解决；决定；使处于舒适的位置
14．neat adj. 整洁的，整齐的；有条理的
15．tear n. 眼泪，泪珠
vt.& vi. 撕裂，撕碎
16．select vt. 选择，挑选
(二)挑战词汇“三遍熟”
1．ceremony n. 典礼，仪式
2．eye－catching adj. 惹人注意的，引人注目的
3．custom n. 风俗，习俗；个人习惯；光顾
4．entrance n. 进入，出场；入口；进入权
5．ordinary adj. 普通的，平常的；平庸的
6．costume n. 戏装，装扮用服装
7．vehicle n. 交通工具，车辆；手段，工具
8．income n. 收入，收益
9．package n. 包，盒；包裹；一套，一揽子
vt. 将……包装好；包装
10．honour n. 尊敬，尊重；荣幸；荣誉
vt. 尊重，尊敬；给予表扬；信守
11．generation n. 一代人；代，一代；产生
12．previous adj. 先前的，以往的；稍前的
13．precious adj. 宝贵的，珍贵的；珍奇的，珍稀的
14．convenient adj. 方便的，省事的，便利的，实用的
15．represent vt. 代表；为……代言；体现
(三)变形词汇“寻规记”
1．decorate vt.& vi.装饰；点缀；粉刷，油漆→___________ n．装饰；装饰品→___________ adj.装饰的
2．formal adj.(穿着、言语、行为等)适合正式场合的，正规的，庄重的→________ adj.非正式的
3．tradition n．传统，传统的信仰(或风俗)→__________ adj.传统的→___________ adv.传统地
4．impress v．给……留下深刻印象→___________ n．印象，感想；影响，效果→__________ adj.给人深刻印象的；感人的
decoration
decorative
informal
traditional
traditionally
impression
impressive
5．occasion n．特殊场合，盛会；时刻；时机→__________ adj.有时的；偶尔的→___________ adv.有时；偶尔
6．earn vt.& vi.赚得；获利；赢得→________ n．所得；收入；工资
7．hunt vi.& vt.寻找，搜寻；打猎，猎杀；追捕→_______ n．猎人
8．promote vt.促进，推动；促销；提升，晋升→_________ n．促进；提升；促销活动
occasional
occasionally
earnings
hunter
promotion
9．observe vt.遵守；注意到；观察；庆祝→___________ n．注意；观察
10．nation n．民族，国家；国民→________ adj.国家的，全国的→__________ n．国籍
11．identify vt.确定；辨别→________ n．特性；身份→____________ n．身份证明
12．fortune n．机会，运气；巨款；命运→__________ adj.幸运的→___________ adv.幸运地
observation
national
nationality
identity
identification
fortunate
fortunately
(四)联想词汇“一线牵”
1．加“－ing”未必是分词
①eye－catching 惹人注意的，引人注目的
②face－saying 护面子的
③labour－saving 节省劳动力的
④mouth－watering 令人垂涎的
⑤record－breaking 打破纪录的
⑥breath－taking 激动人心的，惊人的
2．有“－s”不一定是复数
①custom (风俗)→customs (海关)
②manner (方式)→manners (礼貌)
③paper (纸)→papers (文件)
④art (艺术)→arts (文科)
⑤short (短片)→shorts (短裤；内裤)
⑥mean (折中；平均数)→means (方式；方法；途径)
⑦glass(玻璃)→glasses(眼镜)
二、背词块—丰富表达
1．__________ 发生，举行
2．____________ 根据，按照
3．____________________ 给……留下印象
4．_____________ 提醒某人……
5．____________ 决不，根本不
6．_______________ 许诺，许愿
take place
according to
make an impression on
remind sb.of ...
anything but
make a promise
7．_________ 可感觉到；在传播中
8．______________ 被卷入，陷入
9．_____________ 请一周假
10．__________ 亲自
11．______________ 就座；取代某人的位置
12．_______ 及时，最终
13．______________ 兴奋地
in the air
be caught up in
take a week off
for oneself
take one's place
in time
with excitement
14．_________ 使世代相传，流传
15．______ 适逢，正当
16．____________ 为向……表示敬意
17．_______ 不睡觉，熬夜
18．________________ 被分开，被分离
19．________ 毕竟
20．______ 使爆炸
pass down
fall on
in honour of
stay up
be separated from
after all
set off
?联想串记
1．“动词＋sb.＋of sth.”短语荟萃
①remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事
②accuse sb. of sth. 指控某人某事
③cure sb. of sth. 治好某人的病
④inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事
2．“take one's ＋n.”短语一览
①take one's place 就座；取代某人的位置
②take one's breath 屏住呼吸
③take one's advice 采纳某人的建议
④take one's time 慢慢来，不着急
三、背好句好段—增分写作
(一)背好句—有“话”好好说
1．as soon as引导时间状语从句
教材原句 The summer heat hit me as soon as I got off the flight.
一下飞机，就有一股暑热袭来。
推荐佳句 (新教材外研版选择性必修2佳句)I assumed I'd already have a well－paid job and that I'd be moving into a rented apartment as soon as I turned 18, but how wrong I was!
我以为我一到18岁就能有一份薪水不错的工作，能搬进自己租的公寓，我是多么异想天开呀！
2.be about to do ...
教材原句 Luckily, I arrived just in time — the show was about to begin as I took my place in the merry crowd.
来得早不如来得巧——我刚在欢乐的人群中找好位置，表演就要开始了。
推荐佳句 (新教材外研版选择性必修1佳句)Sitting back in my seat, I can't quite believe that I'm about to travel along the railway that many foreign experts claimed was “impossible”．
靠坐在火车的座位上，我仍然不敢相信，我将要沿着许多外国专家声称“不可能建成”的铁路开始一段旅程。
3.“否定词＋比较级”结构表示最高级含义
教材原句 Indeed, the whole family could not be happier to be together.
的确，一家人再没有比团团圆圆更高兴的事了。
推荐佳句 ①(2022·全国乙卷)After that, half of the students think watching English movies can't be a more effective way to practice English.
之后，一半的学生认为看英语电影是练习英语最有效的方法。
②(新教材人教版必修3佳句)Life is precious ...To a person nothing is more precious than their life ...
生命是宝贵的……对一个人来说，生命是最宝贵的……
4.make it＋adj.＋for sb.to do sth.
教材原句 However, the high－speed train has made it much more convenient for them to go back home.然而，如今有了高铁，回趟家就方便多了。
推荐佳句 (2021·全国乙卷)The rapid development of the Internet makes it possible for us to fulfill the dream of online learning.
互联网的快速发展使我们实现在线学习的梦想成为可能。
(二)背好段—有“情”慢慢聊
情感表达之“满意”
She looked at me with a sparkle in her eyes.“This ...” she proclaimed, “is a magical truck！”I gave her a hopeful smile, wiping my eyes with the back of my hand. “A magical flying truck! I bet it could get there even faster than my canoe！” Inspired by her fancy, I started to tell how my flying truck would go through the sky and arrive there. Content in the sunlight, with my toes in the mud, I listened to Marie and let our imaginations run far, far away.
[点评] 本段中使用了“a hopeful smile, Inspired by her fancy, Content in the sunlight”等词块来描述人物满意的心情，生动形象。常用的表示“满意”的词汇有：satisfy，be satisfied with, content，be content with, be pleased with, be filled with pride等。
四、语基课前自查——摸底训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．His colleagues assisted him to decorate the house for his ________ (婚礼)．
2．Then he advised me to make full preparations for the coming _________ (进入) examination.
3．Frequent and safe travel has become available to the _________ (普通的) people.
4．The dancer's incredible performance had the audience on its feet ________ (鼓掌) for 10 minutes at the end of the show.
wedding
entrance
ordinary
clapping
5．The _____________ (引人注目的) advertisements will trap us into buying things that we actually don't need.
6．Fish－keeping is a widespread hobby and the keeper can ________ (观察) their behaviour in the glass tank and study its entire life cycle.
7．The physicist shared more ideas to motivate the younger __________ (一代) to continue exploring space.
8．We can，therefore，come to the conclusion that nothing is so _________ (宝贵的) as freedom in the world.
eye－catching
observe
generation
precious
9．The old professor has received many ________ (荣誉) for his research into cancer.
10．When a stranger entered the village, a fierce dog _____ (咬) him on his behind.
11．It's easy to make a ghost _________ (戏装) from an old white sheet or wear black clothes to look like a witch.
12．Some students don't have a reliable car，while others have to receive ________ (交通工具) with parents who work six days a week.
honours
bit
costume
vehicles
13．This produced a _____ (链条) reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.
14．As part of the ________ (一揽子), initial and follow－up training sessions are provided and accommodation is available if required.
15．The newly－built school library will be a useful ______ (来源) of information for us.
chain
package
source
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．His friendliness and kindness gave us a strong __________ (impress)．
2．___________ (fortune), when he went abroad to try his fortune, he gained great wealth.
3．It's quite an ________ (formal) gathering; you needn't dress up for it.
4．This is my _________ visit to the theme park, in which I ___________ meet the cartoon characters I like most.(occasion)
impression
Fortunately
informal
occasional
occasionally
5．It is believed that advertising is often the most effective method of ___________ (promote)．
6．We accumulate vast amounts of knowledge through ___________ (observe), listening, reading and talking with people.
7．When it comes to earning a living, I must make a proper __________ (select)．
promotion
observation
selection
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．There was a strong smell of burning __________, which made people frightened.
2．“We don't want to _______________ panic selling，” the customer said.
3．We celebrate Teachers' Day every year ___________ teachers.
anything but， in the air， pass down， be caught up in， make a deep impression on， in honour of， hunt for， set off， pick up
in the air
be caught up in
in honour of
4．Any escape, once it is found, will _______ the alarm immediately.
5．To be honest, I will be ____________ quiet on Saturday night!
6．Hundreds of people have joined the police to _________ the missing teenager.
7．They often use folksongs to ___________ their history.
8．We drove to the airport the next morning to _________ Susan.
9．So charming are the sights of Jiuzhaigou that they ________________________ visitors from home and abroad.
set off
anything but
hunt for
pass down
make a deep impression on
pick up
Ⅳ.多维表达
1．(完成句子)I looked at my father nervously, _________________________
___________________.(独立主格)
我紧张地看着爸爸，双腿颤抖着，心狂跳着。
2．(完成句子)As far as I'm concerned, _______________________________
____________________.(否定词＋比较级)
就我个人而言，在我们日常生活中没有什么比身体健康更重要。
my legs trembling and my heart beating wildly
nothing is more important than health in our daily life
3．(完成句子)“Little stone fell great oaks” is an old proverb which almost everyone knows, but __________________________.
“滴水石穿”是一条古老的谚语，几乎每个人都知道，但不是所有人都能很好地理解它。
not all understand it so well
4．(一句多译)因为我正忙着准备期末考试，所以我没有一收到电子邮件就给你回复。
→As I was busy preparing for my final exam, I didn't reply to your e－mail ____________________.(as soon as)
→As I was busy preparing for my final exam, I didn't reply to your e－mail _____________________.(the instant)
→As I was busy preparing for my final exam, I didn't reply to your e－mail ___________________.(directly)
→As I was busy preparing for my final exam, I didn't reply to your e－mail _____________. (on doing)
as soon as I received it
the instant I received it
directly I received it
on receiving it
5．(句式升级)She felt so ashamed that she could feel her face burning.
→____________________ that she could feel her face burning.(升级为倒装句)
So ashamed was she
中档保分词汇—自查自纠无盲点
1．decorate vt.& vi.装饰；点缀；粉刷，油漆
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①We went to the restaurant to have lunch, only to find that it was ______________ (decorate)．
②Some drivers like to draw some special patterns as ___________ (decorate) on their cars.
③This ware is suitable for __________ (decorate) purpose but unsuitable for utility.
④We eat sweet dumplings on the Lantern Festival，and during that festival people _______________________________.
我们在元宵节吃元宵，节日期间人们会用灯笼装饰他们的房子。
being decorated
decorations
decorative
decorate their houses with lanterns
系统归纳 (1)decorate ...with ... 用……装饰……
(be) decorated with 装饰着……
(2)decoration n. 装饰；装饰物
decorative adj. 装饰的，可装饰的
微点提醒 decoration意为“装饰，装潢”时，是不可数名词；意为“装饰物，装饰品”时，是可数名词。
2.earn vt.& vi.赚得；获利；赢得
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①After months of unemployment all he asked for was a chance ________ (earn) his bread.
②He is satisfied with his ________ (earn) as a civil servant.
to earn
earnings
③He _____________________________ through his selfless work in the fight against the flood.
通过在抗洪救灾中的无私工作，他为自己赢得了良好的荣誉。
④Sometimes they may play to passers－by in the street or subway to _____________________ for themselves.
有时他们可能在街上或地铁里为过路者演奏，这样他们可以为自己额外挣一些钱。
earned himself a good reputation
earn some extra money
系统归纳 (1)earn oneself sth./earn sth.for oneself 为自己赢得某物
earn one's/a living 谋生
earn money 赚钱
(2)earnings n. 所得；收入；工资
微点提醒 earnings作为名词时只有earnings一种形式，不可以去掉“s”，后面的系动词或谓语动词都相应地需采用复数形式。
3.hunt vi.& vt.寻找，搜寻；打猎，猎杀；追捕
(单句语法填空/同义替换)
①Bats sleep in the daytime and come out to hunt _____ food at night.
②Many people hunt ______ happiness, but never find it.
③The cave walls are decorated with images of deer and ________ (hunt)．
④I've searched everywhere but I can't find it. _______
for
after
hunters
hunted
系统归纳 (1)hunt for 猎取，寻找
hunt after 追求
(2)hunter n. 猎人
4.select vt.选择，挑选
(单句语法填空/同义替换/完成句子)
①Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note－taking is a _________ (select) process.
②More than 50 shows _______ (select) from all over the country will be performed in nineteen major theaters in Shanghai.
③There is a wide ________ (select) of dictionaries in the store.
selective
selected
selection
④All our hotels have been carefully chosen for the excellent services they provide. ______
⑤_______________________________ to take part in the English debate competition because I have a good command of spoken English.
我被选中代表我们学校参加英语辩论比赛，因为我精通英语口语。
selected
I'm selected to represent our school
系统归纳 (1)select ... for ... 为……挑选……
select ... as/to be ... 选择……当/作为……
select ... to do ... 挑选/选择……做……
select ... from ... 从……中挑选……
(2)selection n． 选择；被选中者；可供挑选的事物
selective adj. 精心选择的，选择性的
微点提醒 select 作形容词讲时，意为“专用的，特别的”。
5.settle vi.& vt.定居；结束；解决；决定；使处于舒适的位置
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Everyone in the family settled quickly ______ the city except me.
②There is a little time left, so we should settle down to _______ (deal) with the urgent thing.
③With so many problems ________ (settle) every day, I feel greatly stressed.
into
dealing
to settle
④Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the ________ (settle) who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources.
⑤Bernard __________________________________________ after selling out the first basket of popcorn.
在卖完第一篮爆米花后，伯纳德开始着手学习如何做爆米花。
settlers
settled down to learning how to make popcorn
系统归纳 (1)settle down (使)安定；安居；平静下来
settle in/into 安顿下来；习惯于；适应
settle down to (doing) sth. 开始(做)某事
settle a problem/an argument 解决问题/争议
(2)settlement n. 定居点；协议；解决
(3)settler n. 移居者；殖民者
settled adj. 稳定的，固定的，不变的
微点提醒 短语 settle in/into(适应)中，in为副词，不接宾语；into为介词，后接宾语。
6.fortune n．机会，运气；巨款；财富；命运
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①We shared the belief that if you're _________ (fortune) enough to achieve success, you should put something back.
②_____________ (fortunate), when I was faced with the rough task he assigned to me, my mind went blank.
③___________ (fortunate), I succeeded in seizing this precious chance to be a volunteer in the activity.
fortunate
Unfortunately
Fortunately
④He decided to __________________ downtown to see whether he could ______________.He ______________________________ get the help of the mayor and successfully started his own business _________________.
他决定到市区去碰碰运气，看看能不能发财。他有幸得到了市长的帮助，并且幸运地成功开办了自己的公司。
seek/try his fortune
make a fortune
had the fortune to/was fortunate to
fortunately/luckily
系统归纳 (1)seek/try one's fortune 找出路；碰运气
make a fortune 发财；赚钱
have the good fortune to do sth. 有幸做某事
(2)fortunate adj. 幸运的；侥幸的＝lucky
be fortunate to do sth./in doing sth. 有幸做某事
(3)fortunately＝luckily adv. 幸运地
unfortunately adv. 不幸地
微点提醒 fortune意为“机会；运气”时，是不可数名词；意为“大笔的钱”时，是可数名词。
7.pass down使世代相传，流传
(介、副词填空)
①Heritage is our legacy from the past, what we live with today and what we pass _________ to future generations.
②He carefully figured out what time the first train would pass ___.
③Just get this document passed ______________ as I'm talking and take a little look at it.
on/down
by
around/round
系统归纳 pass away 去世；消失；消逝
pass by 通过；经过
pass on sth.to sb. 把某物转交/传给某人
pass sb./yourself/sth.off as sb./sth. 装作；佯装；假装
pass round/around 在一群人中传递(某物)
教材基础语法—再认再现基础牢
过去将来时
(完成句子)
①The manager said that these measures _________________________________
____________industrial accidents.
经理说这些措施将会对减少工业事故做出重大贡献。
②Last night, my parents told me that they _________________ Guilin with me during the Spring Festival.
昨晚，我父母告诉我他们计划春节期间带我去游览桂林。
would make an important contribution to reducing
were going to visit
③She said that they ____________________________ the next week.
她说他们打算下周去看望他们的英语老师。
④His theory _____________ the views on the universe.
他的理论势必要改变(人类)对宇宙的看法。
⑤When she ______________________________, she looked back to see if the lights were off.
当她正要走出房间的时候，她回头看灯是否关了。
were to see their English teacher
was to change
was about to go out of the house
⑥Colin ________________________________ a child ran towards him.
科林正要从骆驼上下来，就在这时，一个小孩向他跑来。
⑦He hurried into the carriage.The train ___________ in a few minutes.
他匆忙进入车厢，还有几分钟火车就要开了。
was about to get off the camel when
was leaving
[谨记规则]
(1)would/should do 表示过去将来时，would用于所有人称，should只用于第一人称。
(2)was/were going to do表示过去打算或计划做某事或过去有迹象表明要发生的事或表示过去未曾实现的想法或打算。
(3)was/were about to do表示过去正要或即将做某事，意为“马上做，正要做”，一般不与时间状语连用。
(4)was/were to do表示过去计划或安排将要做某事，或表示注定做某事。
(5)go, come, leave, start, take off等趋向性动词(短语)常以过去进行时表示过去将来时。
复杂多变词汇—条分缕析逐点清
1．occasion n．特殊场合，盛会；时刻；时机
常见考法 (1)on one occasion 有一次，曾经
on no occasion 决不，在任何情况下都不
on occasion(s) 偶尔，有时
on this/that occasion 在这/那种场合
on the occasion of ... 在……的时候；在……之际
(2)occasional adj. 偶尔的，偶然的
occasionally adv. 偶尔，有时候
升维考法 (1)occasion作先行词，其后跟定语从句且从句中缺少状语时，若表示“(特定的)时刻”，应用关系副词when引导；若表示“(仪式、庆典等)重大场合”，则用关系副词where。
(2)on no occasion置于句首时主句用部分倒装。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①You should pay special attention to your behavior ___ such an occasion.
②He spent five years in Paris, with __________ (occasion) visits to Italy.
③As he works in a remote area, he visits his parents only ____________ (occasional)．
④The Mid－Autumn Festival is _________________________________.On no occasion ________________ for a get－together.
中秋节是一个家庭团聚的特殊场合。 我决不会不回家团聚的。
on
occasional
occasionally
a special occasion for family reunion
will I not go home
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空/句式升级)
⑤It's helpful to put children in an occasion _______ they can see themselves differently.
⑥It's on the festival occasions _______ the family get together that he misses his late father.
⑦We should on no occasion give up our dreams even if we face many difficulties.
→________________________ give up our dreams even if we face many difficulties. (升级为倒装句)
where
when
On no occasion should we
2．promote vt.促进，推动；促销；提升，晋升
常见考法 (1)promote ...as ... 推广……为……；晋升……为……
promote sb.from ...to ... 把某人从……提升到……(职位)
get promoted 升职
(2)promotion n. 促进，增进；晋升；促销；推广
get/win/gain promotion 得到晋升
升维考法 (1)promote作“提升；晋升”讲时常与介词to连用，此时通常用于被动结构。
(2)promote sb.from ...to ...和get/win/gain promotion from ...to ...都表示“从……提升到……(职位)”。
?精练常见考法
(1)写出下列句中promote的含义
①They discussed how to promote cooperation between the two countries.
__________
②The company is promoting its new products on television. __________
③He worked hard and was soon promoted to a manager. _____
④He promoted a campaign to remind the public of protecting the wildlife.
__________
促进，推动
推广，宣传
晋升
发起，筹建
(2)单句语法填空/完成句子
⑤The young man has just been promoted from a soldier ___ captain.
⑥The remaining foods after the __________ (promote) can go into charity.
⑦With the _________ (promote) method of farming, the farmers can save a lot of time and money.
⑧She is always the first person to go to the office and the last to leave, which I guess is why ________________________.
她总是第一个到办公室最后一个离开的人，我猜这就是她那么快得到晋升的原因。
to
promotion
promoted
she is promoted so quickly
?细练升维考法(一句多译)
⑨多年的努力工作之后，他由职员晋升为经理。
→He ____________________________________ after many years of hard work.(promote)
→He ______________________________________________ after many years of hard work.(promotion)
was promoted from a clerk to a manager
got/won/gained promotion from a clerk to a manager
3．observe vt.遵守；注意到；观察；庆祝
常见考法 (1)observe sb. do sth. 观察/注意到某人做了某事(全过程)
observe sb. doing sth. 观察/注意到某人正在做某事
observe that ... 观察/发现……
observe the rules 遵守规则
observe festivals 庆祝节日
(2)observation n. 观察；观测，监视
observer n. 观察者，目击者
升维考法 observe后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，即observe sb.do sth.，但在被动语态中必须带to，即sb./sth.be observed to do sth.。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/完成句子/句型转换)
①The patient was kept under ___________ (observe) all night.
②The guard observed a young man _______ (steal) from the office, and he tried to approach him quietly.
③In my 20 days in Xi'an, I got the opportunity __________ (observe) Chinese culture closely, and thus it left an unforgettable mark on me.
observation
stealing
to observe
④When we hold activities outside to _____________________, we must __________________________.If we _____________________________, we should stop him.
当我们在外面举办活动庆祝国庆节的时候，必须遵守交通规则。如果看到有人闯红灯，我们就要阻止他。
⑤On the top of Mount Tai，people excitedly observed that the sun was rising from the sea of clouds.
→On the top of Mount Tai, people excitedly _____________________ from the sea of clouds.(改写为简单句)
observe National Day
observe the traffic regulations
observe someone run a red light
observed the sun rising
?细练升维考法(句型转换)
⑥It was at dawn that I observed Bruce leave the building and take a taxi away.
→It was at dawn that Bruce ______________________________________
__________. (改为被动句)
was observed to leave the building and take a taxi away
4．honour (AmE honor) n．尊敬，尊重；荣幸；荣誉vt.尊重，尊敬；给予表扬；信守
常见考法 (1)an honour 一种荣誉
sense of honour 正义感，荣誉感
in honour of 为纪念……；为向……表示敬意
(2)be/feel honoured (to do sth.) (做某事)感到荣幸
升维考法 ①be/feel honoured to do/of doing ... 意为“为做……而感到荣幸”；
②have the honour to do/of doing ... 意为“有幸做……”；
③It is one's honour to do sth./It is an honour for sb.to do sth. 意为“做某事是某人的荣幸”。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Michael Jordan, a master in basketball, never lost heart even if he was faced with failure, for which he was greatly _________ (honour)．
②To win ___ honour for his country, he didn't give up even if he got injured in the race, setting a good example to others.
③People celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival ____________ Qu Yuan, who is a great Chinese poet.
人们庆祝端午节纪念屈原，他是中国一位伟大的诗人。
④What impresses us most is your ______________.
令我们印象最深的是你的荣誉感。
honoured
an
in honour of
sense of honour
?细练升维考法(一句多译)
⑤能有这次宝贵的机会在这里发表演讲，我感到非常荣幸。
→____________________________________________________ to deliver a speech here.(it is an honour for sb.to do)
→________________________________________________ to deliver a speech here.(feel it an honour to do)
→_________________________________________________ to deliver a speech here.(feel honoured to do)
→__________________________________________________ to deliver a speech here.(have the honour to do)
It is a great honour for me to have the precious opportunity
I feel it a great honour to have the precious opportunity
I feel greatly honoured to have the precious opportunity
I have the great honour to have the precious opportunity
5．convenient adj.方便的，省事的，便利的，实用的
常见考法 (1)It is convenient for sb. to do sth. 某人方便做某事
(2)convenience n. 便利；方便
at one's convenience 在某人方便的时候
for convenience 为了方便起见
(3)inconvenience n. 不便；麻烦的人(或物)
inconvenient adj. 不方便的
(4)conveniently adv. 方便地，便利地
升维考法 (1)convenient作表语时，不可用人作主语，而要用物作主语或形式主语it。“当你方便的时候”应翻译成when it is convenient for you，而不是when you are convenient。
(2)convenience表示抽象意义“方便；便利”时为不可数名词；表示具体意义“便利的事物；便利设施”时为可数名词。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Learning English on the Internet can allow you to learn English more ____________ (convenient) and more efficiently.
②Wi－Fi brings ____________ (convenient) to our daily life, enabling us to easily chat online, watch stream videos and gain updated information.
③I would appreciate it if you could reply to my letter __________________________.
如果您能尽早给我回信，我将不胜感激。
④_______________, the two groups have been treated as one in this report.
为了方便起见，在报告中这两个群体被视为一个群体。
conveniently
convenience
at your earliest convenience
For convenience
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空/完成句子)
⑤In this seaside resort, you can enjoy all the comfort and ____________ (convenient) of modern tourism.
⑥The house had all the modern ____________ (convenient) that were unusual at that time.
convenience
conveniences
⑦_______________________, could we meet in our school art hall at 8：00 a．m. this Saturday
如果你方便的话，我们可以于本周六上午8点在我们学校的艺术大厅见面吗？
⑧__________________________, you should do more outdoor exercise, which can contribute to your keeping up a good state of mind.
你方便的时候，应该多进行户外运动，这有助于你保持良好的心态。
If it is convenient for you
When it is convenient for you
6．represent vt.代表；为……代言；体现；象征；(向人)说明
常见考法 (1)represent ...as ... 把……描绘成……
represent sb.as/to be ... 宣称某人为……
represent sth.to sb. 向某人说明/传达某事
represent oneself as ... 自称……
(2)representative n. 代表，议员
adj. 典型的，有代表性的
be representative of 代表……的
升维考法 (1)represent作“向……描述/表达”讲时，不能直接跟“人”作宾语，常用结构为“represent sth.to sb.”或“represent to sb.sth.”。用法类似的单词还有explain, suggest, announce, guarantee等。
(2)represent和stand for都有“代表”的意思，represent多用来指实体代表，可以和on behalf of互换，而stand for多用于抽象物体，含有“象征”之意。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①She represents her mother ___ the kindest mother in the world.
②The physicist represented his abstract theory ___ the students in a simple way.
③The Summer Palace, the Forbidden City, the Great Wall and so on are the ______________ (represent) of ancient civilization and the wisdom of ancient folks.
as
to
representatives
④The researchers first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles ___________________________________.
研究人员首先找到10名超重、不喜欢运动但健康的年轻男性，他们的生活方式代表了我们大多数人的生活方式。
are representative of those of most of us
?细练升维考法(选词填空：represent, stand for/完成句子)
⑤____________ my school, I express my heartfelt gratitude and my best wishes to you.
⑥As is known to us all, red ____________ happiness in traditional Chinese culture.
⑦The subject is so difficult; I really don't know _______________________.
这个主题太难了，我真不知道该如何向你说明。
Representing
stands for
how to represent it to you
7．set off使爆炸；引发；动身，出发
常见考法 set aside 留出；把……放置一旁；不理会；取消
set down 放下；记下；让……下车
set up 建立；准备；安排
set about doing sth. 着手做某事
set out (to do sth.) 出发；着手(做某事)
升维考法 set about与set out都可表示“开始(做某事)”，不同点在于set out后跟动词不定式作宾语，set about后跟动名词作宾语。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①In China, people liked to set _____ firecrackers during the Spring Festival in the past.
②Besides, our school set ___ a volleyball team and a basketball team.
③Some doctors advise setting _____ a certain hour each day for exercise.
④After that, I set out _______ (read) widely for an inspiring topic, wrote a speech, and practiced my spoken English.
off
up
aside
to read
?细练升维考法(一句多译)
⑤教职工和全体学生以极大的热情开始植树。
→The teaching staff and all the students ____________________________
________________.
→The teaching staff and all the students ____________________________
___________.
set about planting trees with great enthusiasm
set out to plant trees with great enthusiasm
经典增分句式—学通用活表达美
1．“否定词＋比较级(＋than ...)”表示最高级
续表
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
(用“否定词＋比较级”改写)
①This is the most glorious sunrise that I have ever seen.
→____________________________________
②We do believe that you are the most suitable for this competition.
→We do believe that there is ___________________________ for this competition.
I have never seen such a glorious sunrise.
no one more suitable than you
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③直到那时我才突然意识到没有人比我更幸福了。
It was not until then that I suddenly realized _______________________ I was.
④我想我从来没有在某件事上如此努力过。
I don't think I've ever worked so hard on something.
nobody was happier than
⑤在他看来，在空闲时间阅读原著最有趣。
→In his view, ____________________________ reading original books in his spare time.
→From his point of view, reading original books ________________________ in his spare time.
nothing is more enjoyable than
is the most enjoyable thing
2．make it＋adj.＋for sb.to do
?通过题点训练明确规则用法
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Mastering the technology makes it possible for us ______ (use) the Internet more effectively.
②I considered it no use ___________ (quarrel) with him about it.
③Frankly speaking, maybe you'll _______________________________ by yourself.
坦率地说，也许你会发现自己学唐诗很难。
to use
quarrelling
find it difficult to learn Tang poems
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
④你最好提前掌握一些基础的汉语，这能让你更容易适应在北京的新生活。
You'd better master some basic Chinese in advance, which _____________________________ the new life in Beijing.
⑤我认为读一些经典小说来拓宽我们的知识面对我们学生来说是有用的。
___________________________________________________ to widen our knowledge.
⑥我发现和他争论没用，因为他是如此顽固。
_____________________________, because he is so stubborn.
makes it easy for you to adjust to
I think it useful for us students to read some classic novels
I find it no use arguing with him
2022·全国甲卷·阅读七选五
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. 1 . Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. 2 .
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand.People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 3 ， instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
4 . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. 5 ， the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
[真题再做]
A．The more friends you make in your lifetime
B．The more time you spend in any given country
C．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D．Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E．It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F．Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G．It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了外出就餐时需要注意的一些重要的就餐礼节，并强调不同的国家有不同的就餐礼节。
1．选D 分析上下文语境可知，空处起承上启下的作用。空前提到“(不同)文化背景下的就餐礼节中的一些重要规则可能会让你感到惊讶”，空后提到“了解一些技巧将有助于确保你和朋友或家人愉快地用餐——无论你在世界的哪个地方”。分析选项可知，D项“不要被(人)发现在餐馆(用餐时)犯尴尬的错误”符合此处的语境，并能起到承上启下的作用。
2．选F 根据本段小标题和上文内容可知，空处也应是关于使用筷子的规则。F项“当你使用它们时，切勿将它们直立于你的食物中或把它们交叉(放置)”符合此处的语境，且选项中的them指代的是筷子(chopsticks)，与小标题和前文内容相呼应。
3．选C 根据本段小标题和上下文内容可知，空处应是以某个国家为例，介绍使用手或餐具来就餐的某条重要规则；再根据下文中的instead可知，空处内容应与后半句内容形成对比。根据后半句“(他们)反而更喜欢用他们的手”并分析选项可知，C项“墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的”符合此处的语境。
4．选G 根据空后内容“In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills.”和本段小标题Making Requests可知，空处应是提及一个用餐时的请求，再结合because后的原因“因为这是在向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技术”可知，G项“吃饭时要盐和胡椒粉看似是一个简单的请求”符合此处的语境。
5．选B 根据下文中的“the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices”可知，空处也应是“the＋比较级”结构的句子，且根据下文句意“你就会开始对它的异国文化习俗感觉越得心应手”可知，B项“你在任何一个特定的国家待的时间越长”符合此处的语境。
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
段中句的思维建模(第3题)
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的意思)
①(一词多义)The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. _____
②(熟词生义)In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills. __________________
③(一词多义)The more time you spend in any given country, the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. ______
操纵
加调料调味；加作料
特定的
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①dine out __________
②put ... down ____________
③be parallel with ___________
④prefer to do sth. ___________
⑤ask for _________
⑥add ...to ... _________________
⑦get caught doing sth. _________________
⑧make a mess ___________
外出吃饭
把……放下
与……平行
偏爱做某事
要求得到
把……添加到……
被发现正在做某事
弄得一团糟
三、寻结构破长句
1．When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.
抓标志：从属连词_____；并列连词___
判类型：复合句(含有一个时间状语从句)＋并列连词＋简单句
试翻译：_______________________，要放在一块儿，这样它们就和你面前的桌子边缘平行。
when
so
当你在吃的时候放下它们
2．Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries.
抓标志：并列连词_____
判类型：简单句＋并列连词＋简单句
试翻译：这些文化饮食礼仪的规则的一些可能看起来随意和奇怪，___________________________。
but
但它们在不同的国家都很重要
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant.
赏析：作者在这个祈使句里使用了动词短语get caught doing sth.(被发现正在做某事)以及形容词化的现在分词embarrassing(令人尴尬的)，语气强烈且形象准确地表达了了解外出就餐礼节的重要性。
[对点练——单句语法填空]
①Someone often got caught ________ (mark)on ancient buildings.
②(2022·全国甲卷)From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was _________ (amaze)．
marking
amazing
2．(赏结构之美)The more time you spend in any given country，the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
赏析：该句运用the more ..., the more ...句型(越……，就越……)生动说明了适应某个国家的文化习俗与你在这个国家待的时间之间的关系。该句型表示一方的程度随着另一方的变化而变化，其中前面的句子是状语从句，后面的句子是主句。the用在形容词或副词的比较级前。
[对点练——单句语法填空/翻译句子]
①The more dangerous the circumstances are，the _______ (brave) we should be.
②他工作越努力，得到的就越多。
The harder he works, the more he gets.
braver
3．(赏衔接之美)It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal.In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
赏析：在意大利要求在食物中添加额外的奶酪这种做法与在葡萄牙吃饭时要盐和胡椒粉都属于严重的错误。运用副词similarly(相似地)进行衔接，强化了读者对这两种错误做法的认识。
“课时作业”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢
谢
观
看(共109张PPT)
必修
UNIT 4 Exploring literature
开始
01
02
03
课前——语基自主落实
课堂——能力融会发展
课下——主题素养训练
一、背单词—多多益善
(一)易记词汇“一遍过”
1．earnest adj. 非常认真的；诚实的，真诚的
2．soul n. 灵魂；心性，内心
3．element n. 要素，基本部分
4．upper adj. 上部的；上面的
5．gap n. 差距；间隙
6．context n. 背景，环境，来龙去脉；上下文，语境
7．author n. 作者，作家
8．topic n. 话题；题目；标题
9．section n. 部分，部门；部件，散件
10．strain n. 用劲，使力；压力，拉力；重负
11．noble adj. 贵族的，高贵的；崇高的；宏伟的
12．weave vi.& vt. 迂回行进，穿行；编
13．mushy adj. 糊状的，软而稠的
14．issue n. 重要议题，争论的问题
vt. 宣布，公布
15．mean adj. 吝啬的，小气的；不善良的，刻薄的
16．chapter n. 章节；篇章
17．stage n. 舞台；阶段；步骤
vt. 上演，举办
18．defeat vt. 击败，战胜
n. 失败，战败；击败
19．flash n. 闪光；闪现
vt.& vi. (使)闪光；(使)闪现
(二)挑战词汇“三遍熟”
1．awaken vt.& vi. 唤起，被唤起；(使)醒来
2．launch vt. 使(船)下水；开始从事，发动
3．contain vt. 包含，含有，容纳
4．summary n. 总结，概括，概要
5．feature n. 特色，特征
vt. 以……为特色，是……的特征
6．specific adj. 特定的；明确的，具体的
7．therefore adv. 因此，所以
8．sensitive adj. 感觉敏锐的；体贴的；敏感的；灵敏的
9．permanence n. 永久，持久性
10．attempt vt.& n. 努力，尝试，试图
11．straighten vt. 挺直；(使)变直，变正
12．alongside adv. 在……旁边；与……一起
(三)变形词汇“寻规记”
1．literary adj.文学的→_________ n．文学，文学作品
2．appeal vi.有吸引力；申诉；呼吁 n．吸引力；申诉；呼吁→_________ adj.有感染力的；有吸引力的
3．determine vt.确定；支配；决心 vi.决心→___________ adj.坚定的；坚决的；果断的→______________ n．决心；果断；决定
4．significant adj.有重要意义的，显著的→____________ n．意义；重要性
5．describe vt.描述；形容；把……称为→___________ n．描述，形容，说明
literature
appealing
determined
determination
significance
description
6．reflect vt.& vi.反映，显示；映出(影像)；反射(声、光、热等)；沉思→ _________ n．反映；显示；表达
7．capable adj.有能力，有才能；能力强的→________ adj.没有能力→ _________ n．能力；才能
8．universe n．宇宙；世界→________ adj.普遍的，共同的；普遍存在的→__________ adv.普遍地
9．particular adj.特别的，格外的；特指的；挑剔的→___________ adv.特殊地；特别地
10．collect vt.收集→_________ n．(同类)收藏品；作品集； 募捐
reflection
incapable
capability
universal
universally
particularly
collection
11．transport vt.运输，运送 n．交通运输系统；交通车辆；运输→_____________ n．交通；运输
12．generous adj.慷慨的，大方的→__________ n．慷慨，大方，宽宏大量
13．poem n．诗→_____ n．诗人→_______ n．诗集，诗歌
14．biography n．传记，传记作品→_____________ n．自传
15．extreme adj.极端的；极度的→_________ adv.极其，非常，极端
transportation
generosity
poet
poetry
autobiography
extremely
16．destroy vt.摧毁，毁灭，破坏→___________ n．破坏；毁坏→__________ adj.毁坏性的；破坏性的
17．accomplish vt.完成→_______________ n．成就；完成
18．confuse vt.使困惑→_________ adj.糊涂的，迷惑的； 不清楚的，混乱的→_________ adj.令人困惑的；难懂的→_________ n．困惑
destruction
destructive
accomplishment
confused
confusing
confusion
(四)联想词汇“一线牵”
1．“文学”家族知多少
①literature/drama/poetry 文学/戏剧/诗歌
②classic literature 古典文学
③children's literature 儿童文学
④the Nobel Prize for Literature 诺贝尔文学奖
2．“形→动”变化找规律
①straighten 挺直；(使)变直，变正
②sharpen (使)变得锋利
③deepen 使加剧；使加深
④weaken (使)变弱
⑤darken (使)变黑
⑥awaken 唤起；(使)醒来
3．同缀词汇多积累
①capable 有能力的
②adjustable 可调节的
③fashionable 时尚的；时髦的
④reasonable 合理的
⑤adaptable 适合的；能适应的
二、背词块—丰富表达
1．________________ 致力于，专心于，献身于
2．____________ 惊奇地
3．__________ 一系列，各种
4．______________ 即将发生(在某人身上)
5．___________ 总的来说
6．________ 凭借，利用
devote oneself to
with wonder
a range of
in store (for sb.)
in summary
draw on
7．_________ 应该，应当
8．___________ 尤其，特别
9．________ (头脑)清醒；使整洁，清理
10．_________________________ 正要做某事
11．_________ 吸引
12．____________ 能够，可以
13．____________ 更加
ought to
in particular
clear up
be on the point of doing sth.
appeal to
be capable of
all the more
14．____________ 浏览
15．_________ 反思，仔细思考
16．________ 来呀，快点
17．________ 支持住，挺住；举起；停下来
18．______ 在于
19．________ 具有；呈现；承担
20．__________________ 努力做……
look through
reflect on
come on
hold up
lie in
take on
make an effort to do
?联想串记
1．关注“动词＋up”
①clear up 使整洁；(头脑)清醒
②hang up 挂起来；挂断电话
③dress up 穿上盛装；打扮
④show up 出现；露面
⑤build up 逐渐增强；建立
2．各种“不遗余力做某事”
①make an effort to do sth.
②make great efforts to do sth.
③go to great lengths to do sth.
④spare no effort(s) to do sth.
3．“总之”一家亲
①in summary ②all in all
③in a word ④in conclusion
⑤to be brief ⑥to sum up
三、背好句好段—增分写作
(一)背好句—有“话”好好说
1．be doing ...when ...
教材原句 A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear.
孩子和男人在海滩上散步，孩子发现了一枚贝壳，把它放到了耳边。
推荐佳句 ①(2020·浙江1月高考)The boy was rushing toward Poppy to give her a big hug when suddenly he noticed another little dog beside Poppy.
男孩正朝Poppy跑去，要给它一个大大的拥抱，这时他突然注意到Poppy旁边的另一只小狗。
②(新教材人教版必修1佳句)I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.
我正和我的三个孩子一起吃早饭，突然海水开始灌进房子。
续表
2.what引导主语从句
教材原句 What amazed the child was not a new world, but the unnoticed music of the old.
让孩子为之惊奇的其实不是一个新世界，而是旧世界那被人忽视的乐音。
推荐佳句 (2022·浙江1月高考)What I can still recall is the enjoyable time we spent together, although a week has passed since you returned home.
尽管你已经回家一周了，我依然记得我们一起度过的快乐时光。
3.point作先行词，后接where引导的定语从句
教材原句 In a word, we have now reached a point where we wish to enjoy and understand literature.
总之，我们现在已经到了想要欣赏和理解文学的阶段。
推荐佳句 ①(2022·全国甲卷)Now we have reached a point where we should realise the critical role that oceans play in the world.
现在到了我们应该认识到海洋在世界上发挥着关键作用的时候了。
②(新教材外研版必修1佳句)These two pieces of information — the time of day and the point where the sun is in the sky — allow the butterfly to determine the way to go.
这两条信息——一天中的时刻和太阳在天空中的位置——让黑脉金斑蝶能够判定前进方向。
续表
4.否定副词置于句首引起的部分倒装
教材原句 Never have I seen a greater, or more beautiful, or a calmer or more noble thing than you, brother.
我从没见过比你更巨大、更美丽、更冷静或者更高贵的东西，老兄。
推荐佳句 (新教材外研版选择性必修2佳句)Nor would they fail to imagine how its native inhabitants，including royal penguins，king penguins, and elephant seals, existed in perfect harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years.
他们也不难想象出，数千年来，包括帝企鹅、王企鹅和象海豹在内的当地动物是如何与其自然栖息地完美地和谐共存的。
5．with复合结构
教材原句 The fish righted himself and swam off again slowly with the great tail weaving in the air.
鱼正正身子，又慢慢地游开，大尾巴在海面上绕来绕去。
推荐佳句 (2021·浙江1月高考)I had no choice but to keep still with my eyes tightly closed, listening to the knife moving on the pumpkin. 我别无选择，只好闭上眼睛，静静地听着刀子在南瓜上移动。
(二)背好段—有“情”慢慢聊
情感表达之“悲伤”
Wordlessly, Holly sat in the car on the way home. Upon arriving home, Holly sank slowly into the sofa motionlessly, crossing her fingers on her lap, with sorrow and regret written all over her tear－stained face. Half confused, half concerned, I softly asked her what was up. Hesitating for a moment, she murmured, “I threw away the carpet.” Meanwhile, large bright drops of tears rolled heavily down her cheeks.
[点评] 本段中使用了“Wordlessly, sank slowly into, motionlessly，with sorrow and regret，tear－stained face, murmured, tears rolled heavily down”等词块生动形象地描写了霍利在回家的路上以及到家后的悲伤心情。常用的表示“悲伤的”的词汇有sad, sorrow, grief, in sadness/sorrow/grief, cry, sob, burst into tears, can't help crying bitterly等。
四、语基课前自查——摸底训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．After crossing the two points where his previous ________ (尝试) had ended, Reeves entered an unknown area.
2．Try not to lean against anything and _________ (挺直) your back.
3．My father is very worried because he lost a file which ________ (包含) a lot of important information.
4．The teacher asked the students to write down the _________ (总结) on the paper.
5．The most distinguishing _______ (特色) of Korean food is the spiciness.
6．A person's success lies in changing himself instead of _________ (击败) others.
attempts
straighten
contains
summary
feature
defeating
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．It is ___________ (universal) acknowledged that life is made up of not only storms but also sunshine.
2．Especially interesting is making dumplings，which I think is ___________ (particular) attractive to you.
3．All forms of art offer us visual beauty and have a ____________ (permanence) influence on how we view the world.
universally
particularly
permanent
4．We all complain about the loss of the quality of life through the ___________ (destroy) of our ecology.
5．The girls were __________ (extreme) afraid when seeing snakes.
6．It's an amazing _______________ (accomplish) that she should accomplish by herself.
7．His previous album is a _________ (reflect) of his love for classical music and his satisfaction with his life.
destruction
extremely
accomplishment
reflection
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．There is a big surprise ___________ you when you return home.
2．With his help, I went through the hardest time and _________________ the piano at last.
3．The government ___________ the public to remain calm in case of emergency.
devote oneself to, clear up, in store for, reflect on, draw on, be on the point of, appeal to
in store for
devoted myself to
appealed to
4．Now, when I _________ my adolescence, I can see how absurd and funny it was.
5．I _________________ having dinner when the phone rang.
6．Sorry, the place is so messy; I haven't had time to ________.
7．He ________ his experience as a climber to make a documentary programme.
reflect on
was on the point of
clear up
drew on
Ⅳ.多维表达
1．(完成句子)____________________________________________, which add to the beauty of our school.
在我们的教学楼前面矗立着两棵大树，它们使得我们的校园更加美丽。(完全倒装)
2．(完成句子)Then I got to the point ____________________________________ to get my work done.
然后，我到了一个晚上熬夜完成工作的地步。
In front of our teaching building stand two big trees
where I was staying up really late at night
3．(一句多译)全身心地投入训练之中，她终于成为世界上最好的游泳运动员之一。
→____________________________, she finally became one of the world's best swimmers.(用现在分词短语作状语)
→_____________________, she finally became one of the world's best swimmers.(用过去分词短语作状语)
4．(句式升级)Nobody accompanied the old lady during the festival.She felt lonely.
→_____________________________________________, the old lady felt lonely.(升级为with复合结构)
Devoting herself to the training
Devoted to the training
With nobody accompanying her during the festival
中档保分词汇—自查自纠无盲点
1．appeal vi.有吸引力；申诉；呼吁 n．吸引力；申诉；呼吁
(单句语法填空/一句多译)
①Sport has become an important form of entertainment，___________ (appeal) to men and women.
②(2021·全国甲卷)I am writing to ask for your valuable advice on the aspects of traditional Chinese culture, which are extremely _________ (appeal) to foreign friends.
③Although he lives a poor life, he never appeals to us _____ mercy.
appealing
appealing
for
④The short film will help us students know the school's history better and make an appeal to us __________ (make) contributions to our school's development.
⑤我写信是为了呼吁大家积极参与建设一所更加美丽的学校。
→I am writing to ________________________________________ building a more beautiful school.
→I am writing to ______________________________________________ building a more beautiful school.
to make
appeal to everyone to take an active part in
make an appeal to everyone to take an active part in
系统归纳 (1)appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力；使某人感兴趣
appeal to sb.for ... 为……向某人呼吁或请求
appeal to sb.to do sth. 恳求/呼吁某人做某事
(2)make an appeal to sb.for ... 为……向某人呼吁或请求
make an appeal to sb.to do sth. 呼吁/恳求某人做某事
2.description n．描述，形容，说明
(单句语法填空/句型转换)
①His vivid ___________ (describe) of country life quickly became popular, which established his reputation as one of America's greatest writers.
②Can you describe your new school ___ me
③The man describes himself ___ an artist.
④Words can't describe her beauty.
→Her beauty is __________________.
description
to
as
beyond description
系统归纳 (1)beyond description 无法形容，无法描述
(2)describe vt. 描述；形容；把……称为
describe sth.to sb. 向某人描述某事
describe ... as ... 把……描述为/称为……
3.capable adj.有能力，有才能；能力强的
(单句语法填空/一句多译)
①The boy is old enough to be capable of ________ (look) after himself.
②No one ever questioned her _________ (capable)．
③动物园的动物已经丧失自己捕食的能力。
→Animals in the zoo have lost ________________________ for themselves.
→Animals in the zoo have lost __________________________ for themselves.
looking
capability
the capability to catch food
the capability of catching food
系统归纳 (1)be capable of ... 有能力……
(2)capability n. 能力；才能
the capability to do sth./of doing sth. 做某事的能力
4.mean adj.吝啬的，小气的；不善良的，刻薄的 v．打算；意味着
(1)写出下列句中加黑词的词性及含义
①Don't be so mean.I think he sings well. ___________________
②What she means is that there's no point in waiting here. _______
③He is the meanest person I know.You will get nothing from him.
__________________
adj.刻薄的，不善良的
v.意思是
adj.吝啬的，小气的
(2)单句语法填空/完成句子
④Missing this train means _______ (wait) for another hour.
⑤I had meant ________ (come) to see you yesterday, but something happened to me.
⑥He ___________________ while his brother is generous.
他在钱的方面很吝啬而他的哥哥却很大方。
waiting
to come
is mean with money
系统归纳 (1)be mean with sth. 在……方面吝啬
be mean to sb. 对某人刻薄
(2)mean to do sth. 打算做某事
mean doing sth. 意味着……
微点提醒 (1)mean作形容词时，如果后面接物作宾语，用介词with连接；如果后面接人作宾语，用介词to连接。
(2)mean作动词时，mean to do sth.表示“打算做某事”；had meant to do sth.表示“过去曾打算做某事”，指过去未曾实现的愿望。
5.attempt vt.& n．努力，尝试，试图
(单句语法填空/一句多译)
①A man who is related to last night's ___________ (attempt) murder is being questioned.
②It is said that Australian scientists are making fresh attempts at _________ (explain) climate change.
③Personally speaking，parents are making ____ attempt to protect their kids by giving whatever they require.
attempted
explaining
an
④在接下来的几天里，我们尝试到处寻找我们的爱犬Spotty，但都是徒劳。
→In the next few days, we ______________________ our beloved dog Spotty in each and every corner, but in vain.(attempt v．)
→In the next few days, we ________________________________________ our beloved dog Spotty in each and every corner, but in vain.(attempt n．)
attempted to search for
made an attempt to search for/at searching for
系统归纳 (1)attempt to do sth. 努力做某事，试图做某事
(2)make an attempt to do/at doing sth. 试图做某事
at the first attempt＝at one's first attempt 第一次尝试
(3)attempted adj. 未遂的；企图的
6.in particular尤其，特别
(单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译)
①She has already tried her best.Please don't be too particular ______ her job.
②As far as I'm concerned, taking a positive attitude to the examination is ___________ (particular) important.
③Learning that ____________________________________________________
________________________, I am more than delighted to tell you some relevant information.
得知你对中国成语特别感兴趣，我非常高兴告诉你一些相关信息。
about
particularly
you are interested in Chinese idioms in particular/particularly interested in Chinese idioms
④只有讲究饮食，我们才能保持身体健康。
→We can keep physically healthy ______________________________________.
→________________________________________________ keep physically healthy.(倒装句)
only when we are particular about/over food
Only when we are particular about/over food can we
系统归纳 (1)particular adj. 特别的，格外的；特指的；挑剔的
be particular about/over sth. 对……讲究/挑剔
be particular to do sth. 特地做某事
(2)in particular＝particularly 尤其；特别；格外
微点提醒 in particular是介词短语，在句中作状语，相当于副词particularly，常放在句尾、名词之后。
教材基础语法—再认再现基础牢
情态动词
(完成句子)
①Anybody _________________ in his lifetime.
任何人在他的一生中都可能犯错误。
②Don't worry.You _________ the response very soon.
别担心。你很快就会得到答复。
③You ____________________ him for his poor performance.After all, he had done his best.
你不应该因为他的表现差而责备他。毕竟，他已经尽力了。
can make mistakes
shall get
shouldn't have scolded
④We ___________________ each other and learn from each other in our work.
我们应该在工作中互相帮助，互相学习。
⑤Her mother was ill and she __________________ to look after her.
她母亲病了，她不得不待在家里照顾她。
⑥It _______ the milkman at the door.Look at the clock: it's only six and it will be two hours before he comes to deliver our milk.
门口不可能是送奶工。看看时钟：现在才六点，还要两个小时他才会来给我们送牛奶。
⑦You ________ Carol.You haven't changed a bit after all these years.
你一定是卡罗尔。这么多年来，你一点也没变。
should/ought to help
had to stay at home
can't be
must be
[谨记规则]
情态动词本身有一定的词义，通常与动词原形一起构成谓语，表示能力、请求、命令、愿望、必要性或可能性等。情态动词分为基本情态动词：can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would, must, need, dare等和复合情态动词：be able to, ought to, has/have to, had better等。
复杂多变词汇—条分缕析逐点清
1．determine vt.确定；支配；决心 vi.决心
常见考法 (1)determine to do ... 决定做……(表示动作)
determine on/upon (doing) sth. 决定(做)某事
(2)determined adj. 坚决的；有决心的
be determined to do ... 决心做……(表示状态)
(3)determination n. 决心；决定
with determination 坚决地
升维考法 高考中经常把determined to do sth.作状语的用法作为考查重点，类似的还有lost in, caught in, absorbed in, compared with等。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Write a poem about how courage, _____________ (determine), and strength have helped you face challenges in your life.
②He determined ________ facing the failure bravely rather than escaping from reality.
determination
on/upon
③(2021·浙江6月高考)It was at that time that I ____________________________________ so that I could help support my family.
就在那时我决定继续在农场工作，以便能帮助养活我的家人。
④They ________________________ the job on time, so they set out to work immediately.
决心按时完成这项工作，所以他们立即着手开始工作。
determined to go on working on the farm
are determined to complete
?细练升维考法(句式升级)
⑤(2021·全国甲卷)I'm determined to organize the theme class meeting wonderfully, so I am writing to ask you for advice on which traditional Chinese cultures attract foreigners most.
→____________________________________________________, I am writing to ask you for advice on which traditional Chinese cultures attract foreigners most.
⑥Tom was absorbed in his work, so he forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.
→___________________, Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.
Determined to organize the theme class meeting wonderfully
Absorbed in his work
2．significant adj.有重要意义的，显著的
常见考法 (1)It is significant that ...……很明显/很重要
(2)significance n. 重要性；意义
be of (great/no/little) significance to ... 对……(很/不)重要
attach (great) significance to ... 认为……(很)重要
(3)significantly adv. 重要地
升维考法 be of significance＝be significant, 即be of＋抽象名词＝be＋adj.，该用法还常用于value, use, help, importance等抽象名词。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Last but not least, it is also very __________ (significance) for us students to keep healthy.
②By participating in this activity，I have become aware of the ___________ (significant) of showing respect to the old.
③____________________________________________，so we students must have PE class actively and punctually.
我认为在学校锻炼身体很重要，因此我们学生必须积极按时上体育课。
significant
significance
I attach great significance to working out at school
?细练升维考法(一句多译)
④(2021·全国乙卷)总之，在线学习对我们的学业发展很重要。
→All in all, online learning _____________________ to our academic development.
→All in all, online learning ___________________ our academic development.
is of great significance
is very significant to
⑤你的指导和建议对我有很大的帮助，我在英语学习上取得了很大的进步。
→Your guidance and suggestions _______________ and I have made such great progress in English learning.(help)
→Your guidance and suggestions ________________ and I have made such great progress in English learning.(helpful)
are of great help
are very helpful
3．reflect vt.& vi.反映，显示；映出(影像)；反射(声、光、热等)；沉思；思考
常见考法 (1)reflect ...in ... 在……中映出……的影像
reflect sth.from sth.从某物(表面)反射(声、光、热等)
reflect on/upon sth. 思考某事
(2)reflection n．反映；反射；反照；影像；沉思
be lost in reflection 陷入沉思中
on/upon reflection 经过考虑后(改变看法)
升维考法 reflect作“反映，显示；映出(影像)；反射(声、光、热等)”讲时，是及物动词；作“认真思考，沉思，考虑”讲时，是不及物动词，应用reflect on/upon sth.或reflect that ...的形式。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/完成句子/句型转换)
①She was extremely pretty, and her house was a __________ (reflect) of herself, everything in good taste and in perfect order.
②Her beautiful face which she felt proud of was reflected ____ the mirror.
③__________________, I think I will change my decision.
经过再三考虑，我想我会改变我的决定。
④There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon which is reflected in the picture.
→There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon _____________________.(分词作定语)
reflection
in
On/Upon reflection
reflected in the picture
?细练升维考法(完成句子)
⑤What's more, the traditional Chinese dress can't __________________________________.
此外，中国传统服饰不能反映我们学校独特的文化。
⑥Your performance as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of _____________________________.
作为一名学生，如果你养成思考如何学习的习惯，你的表现将会非常优秀。
reflect the unique culture of our school
reflecting on/upon how you learn
4．confused adj.糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混乱的
常见考法 (1)be/get confused by/about 对……感到困惑
(2)confuse vt. 使迷惑；使糊涂
confuse A with/and B 把A与B混淆
(3)confusing adj. 难以理解的，令人困惑的
confusion n. 困惑；混乱
升维考法 confused 意为“迷惑的；糊涂的”，通常修饰人；confusing 意为“难以理解的；不清楚的”，通常修饰物。另外，修饰smile, feeling, appearance, cry, face (表情), voice, mood, look (表情), eye (眼神)等与人有关的事物时，常用confused。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/同义替换/句型转换)
①His writing is so __________ (confuse) that it's difficult to make out what he is trying to express.
②I always confuse you _________ your sister — you look so alike.
③To avoid __________ (confuse), please write the children's names clearly on all their school clothes.
confusing
with/and
confusion
④For example, there are a lot of reference books which I am often puzzled to choose from. ________
⑤He was confused about the present situation so he was at a loss what to do next.
→________________________________, he was at a loss what to do next.(分词作状语)
confused
Confused about the present situation
?细练升维考法(用confuse的恰当形式填空)
⑥This morning I told my five－year－old son processed foods contain chemical elements.Hearing this, he felt _________ and asked why they were sold in all supermarkets.His question _________ me.I looked at him with _________, thinking how to deal with such a ________ situation.
⑦The ________ look on her face suggested she was ________ about the _________ instructions.
confused
confused
confusion
confusing
confused
confused
confusing
5．devote oneself to致力于，专心于，献身于
常见考法 (1)devote vt. 献身于，专心致志于
devote oneself to (doing) sth. 献身于/致力于(做)某事
devote one's life/time/money/energy to (doing) sth.
把某人的一生/时间/金钱/精力奉献于(做)某事
(2)devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的
be devoted to (doing) sth. 专心于/奉献于(做)某事
(3)devotion n. 关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚
升维考法 用作非谓语，在句中作状语时，devote ... to ...用devoting ... to ...的形式，be devoted to ...用devoted to ...的形式。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/一句多译)
①It is his _________ (devote)to his learning that enables him to attain a doctor's degree.
②Amanda often devotes her spare time to _______ (help) others.
③As a _______ (devote) daughter, she dressed herself as a man to serve in the army in place of her father.
④(2022·浙江1月高考)I decided to devote ______ (I) to the task of working with the subjects, while he developed the scientific model.
devotion
helping
devoted
myself
⑤(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)最重要的是，他不仅有责任心，而且有耐心，还一直致力于激发我们的学习兴趣。
→Above all, he is not only responsible but also patient, and _____________________________________________________.
→Above all, he is not only responsible but also patient, and _______________________________________________.
he always devotes himself to arousing our learning interest
he is always devoted to arousing our learning interest
?细练升维考法(句式升级)
⑥The young lady devotes herself to teaching the deaf children and has little time to care for her own daughter.
→________________________________________, the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.(动词－ing形式作状语)
→_________________________________, the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.(动词－ed形式作状语)
Devoting herself to teaching the deaf children
Devoted to teaching the deaf children
6．clear up (头脑)清醒；使整洁，清理；转晴；解决
常见考法 clear away 把……清除掉(以留出空间)
clear off 离开；逃离，逃跑；清除
clear out 把……清空；清理；丢掉
升维考法 ①clear up“整理；消除；澄清；放晴”，侧重于整理、收拾、归纳，清空电脑文件，或者指天空放晴；
②clean up表示“彻底打扫，清理干净(尤指在干脏活儿后)，收拾干净”，侧重于实物的打扫。
?精练常见考法(介、副词填空)
①It was a fine day once the mist had cleared ____.
②After the bowls and dishes were cleared ______, the children sat at the table, playing with building blocks.
③He suddenly cleared ___ when he heard the voice of the policeman.
④We cleared ____ all our old clothes.
up
away
off
out
?细练升维考法(选词填空：clear up, clean up)
⑤Thousands of volunteers gave up part of their weekend to __________ the California coastline.
⑥The weather won't __________ until the rainy season is over.
clean up
clear up
经典增分句式—学通用活表达美
1．抽象地点名词作状语的定语从句
(1)当先行词为抽象地点名词point, case, system, stage, occasion, position, situation, condition, activity, race, job, scene, competition, atmosphere等且关系词在从句中作状语时，常用where或in which来引导定语从句。
(2)在抽象地点名词后的定语从句中，如果关系词作主语或宾语则需要用that或which引导。
?通过题点训练明确规则用法
(单句语法填空/句式升级)
①I can think of many cases ________ students knew quite a few English words and expressions but couldn't write a good essay.
②All the neighbours admire this family ________ the parents are treating their child like a friend.
③The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere _______ his employees enjoy their work.
where
where
where
④He is in a dangerous situation _______________ he doesn't know how to deal with.
⑤Students should involve themselves in community activities.They can gain experience for growth in community activities.
→Students should involve themselves in community activities _____________________________________. (升级为定语从句)
that/which/不填
where they can gain experience for growth
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
⑥在我的生活中，我已经到了一个我应该自己做决定的地步了。
I have reached a point in my life ___________________________________
__________.
⑦今天，我们将讨论一些家长与孩子沟通困难的案例。
Today, we'll discuss some cases ____________________________________
_______________________________.
where I am supposed to make decisions of my own
where parents have much difficulty in communicating with their children
2．be doing ...when ...
(1)be doing ...when ... 正在做……，这时……
be about to do ...when ...＝be on the point of doing ...when ...
正要做……，这时……
had (just) done ...when ... 刚做完……，这时……
(2)这些句式中when是并列连词，相当于and at that/this time。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①She was walking along the bank of the river, and at that time she heard a cry for help.
→She _________________________________________ she heard a cry for help.
②Having just finished my homework, I was ordered to do some housework.
→I _________________________________ I was ordered to do some housework.
was walking along the bank of the river when
had just finished my homework when
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③我正在脑海中组织语言，这时我旁边的女孩用胳膊肘推了我一下。
I _______________________ in my head when the girl next to me gave me a nudge.
④我正要进餐馆时突然想到我还没有锁上汽车。
____________________________________________________ that I had not locked the car.
was organizing my words
I was about to go into the restaurant when it occurred to me
3．with复合结构
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①Because a guide will show us around the scenic spots, we're sure to have a good time.
→__________________________________________, we're sure to have a good time.
②There are several problems remaining to be solved, so we still need to hold another meeting as soon as possible.
→_________________________________________, we still need to hold another meeting as soon as possible.
With a guide to show us around the scenic spots
With several problems remaining to be solved
③He concentrated his mind on his work and didn't notice what was happening outside.
→___________________________________, he didn't notice what was happening outside.
With his mind concentrated on his work
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
④(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)一切准备就绪，伯纳德开始了他的新事业。
____________________, Bernard started out on his new business.
⑤在这么令人害怕的情况下没有一个可以求助的人， 她感到很无助。
____________________ in such a frightening situation, she felt very helpless.
⑥随着时间的推移，他满足于过一种简单的生活。
_____________________, he contented himself with a simple life.
With everything ready
With no one to turn to
With time going on/by
2022·全国乙卷·阅读理解B篇
In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N．Y. — Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood — traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one－room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff's granddaughter.
Why did they go then Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken.
They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.
In Wickenden's book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls' decision to go to Elkhead. A hair－raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed (牵涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy's return to Auburn.
Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top：“When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.”
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇书评。文章介绍了Dorothy Wickenden写的一部书的主要内容：两个富裕家庭长大的女孩子去落基山脉的一个村落当老师。她们住在当地人的家里，和他们一样过着艰辛的生活。
1．Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains
A．To teach in a school.
B．To study American history.
C．To write a book.
D．To do sightseeing.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“... traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one－room schoolhouse.”可知，她们去落基山脉的原因是去学校教学。
答案：A
2．What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3
A．They enjoyed much respect.
B．They had a room with a bathtub.
C．They lived with the local kids.
D．They suffered severe hardships.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段可知，两个女孩的生活环境很糟糕——几乎没有隐私、很少洗澡、早上被子上覆盖着雪、儿童被冻哭、春天道路泥泞，故她们在那里的生活是十分困苦的。
答案：D
3．Which part of Wickenden's writing is hair－raising
A．The extreme climate of Auburn.
B．The living conditions in Elkhead.
C．The railroad building in the Rockies.
D．The natural beauty of the West.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“A hair－raising section concerns the building of the railroads ...”可知，Wickenden的作品中涉及落基山脉的铁路建设的部分令人毛骨悚然。
答案：C
4．What is the text
A．A news report. B．A book review.
C．A children's story. D．A diary entry.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的最后一句，第四段中的第一句和最后一段中的“Wickenden is a very good storyteller.”可推知，本篇文章是一则书评。
答案：B
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
推理判断题的思维建模(第2题)
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的意思)
①(一词多义)A hair－raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. _____
②(熟词生义)The sweep of the land and the stoicism of the people move her to some beautiful writing. _____________________
③(一词多义)Then a full moon rose. __________
涉及
连绵弯曲的地带 促使
圆的；满的
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①hold together with string _________________
②do something useful _________________
③a blanket of snow _______
④wake up _____
⑤weep from the cold ______________
用绳子绑在一起
做一些有用的事情
一层雪
醒来
因寒冷而哭泣
三、寻结构破长句
In Wickenden's book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls' decision to go to Elkhead.
抓标志：关系代词________
判类型：主句＋定语从句
试翻译：在威肯登的书中，她扩展了西方的历史和女权主义，____________________________________。
which
这当然影响了女孩们去埃尔克黑德的决定
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise.
赏析：穿着昂贵的(expensive)衣服的两位女孩与穿着用绳子绑起来的(were held together with string)鞋子的孩子之间对比鲜明的生活条件，解释了让这对朋友大吃一惊(a surprise)的原因。
[对点练——单句语法填空/完成句子]
①He always has ways of giving us __ surprise, such as making a joke or singing a song and so on.
②We can't be defeated as long as we _____________.
只要我们团结起来，就不会被打败。
a
hold together
2．(赏意境之美)When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.
赏析：夕阳西下，洒下玫瑰色的光辉。一轮满月升起，雪地上只能看到狐狸、土狼、老鼠和各种野兔等小动物留下的痕迹。生活条件可能很艰苦，但是对于热爱生活的人来讲，它却从来不缺乏美。对于想做点有用的事的Dorothy Woodruff 和Rosamond Underwood来讲，更是如此。
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