高中英语译林版（2019）选择性必修第一册全册复习课件（共打包4份）

(共103张PPT)
选择性必修
UNIT 1　Food matters
开始
01
02
03
课前——语基自主落实
课堂——能力融会发展
课下——主题素养训练
一、背单词—多多益善
(一)易记词汇“一遍过”　
1．creamy adj.　　　含奶油的；像奶油的，光滑细腻的；淡黄色的
2．sour adj. 酸的，有酸味的；馊的
vi.& vt. (使)变坏；变味，酸腐
3．bond n. 纽带，联系；连接，结合
4．fry vt.& vi. 油炸，油煎
5．steak n. 牛排；肉排，肉块
6．pan n. 平锅，平底锅
7．buffet n. 自助餐
8．bay n. (海或湖的)湾
9．bake vt.& vi. 烘烤；烤硬
10．bakery n. 面包(糕饼)店
11．layer n. 层，表层；层次
12．cheese n. 干酪，奶酪
13．bitter adj. 味苦的；激烈的；令人难过的；严寒的
14．cream n. 奶油，乳脂；护肤霜
15．damp adj. 潮湿的，湿气重的
16．sauce n. 调味汁，酱
17．chef n. 主厨，厨师
18．slice n. 薄片，片；部分，份额
vt. 把……切成片；切开，割破
19．gram n. 克
20．edge n. 边，边缘；刀口
21．apart adv. 成碎片；分开；相隔
22．mood n. 情绪，心情；气氛，氛围
23．link vt. 联系，相关联；把……连接起来
n. 联系，连接；关系，纽带；链接
24．native n. 出生于某国(或某地)的人；本地人
adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的；土产的
25．digest vt.& vi. 消化；领会，理解
n. 摘要，文摘
26．lower vt. 降低，减少；把……放低，使……降下
adj. 下面的；在底部的；低洼的
27．boil vt.& vi. 用沸水煮；(使)沸腾
28．cycle n. 循环；自行车，摩托车
vi. 骑自行车
29．bet n. 打赌，赌注；预计，估计
vi.& vt. 下赌注，打赌；敢说
30．elderly adj. 年纪较大的，上了年纪的
31．mild adj. 不浓的，淡味的；暖和的；温和的；不严重的
32．loose adj. 不受约束的；未固定牢的；零散的；宽松的；疏松的
33．expand vt.& vi. 增加，扩大；扩展，发展(业务)；详谈，详述
34．plain adj. 朴素的，简单的；清楚的
n. 平原
(二)挑战词汇“三遍熟”　
1．flavour n．　　　 味，味道；特点，特色
vt. 给……调味，加味于
2．dessert n. (饭后)甜点，甜食
3．calorie n. 卡，卡路里；千卡
4．security n. 安全；保护措施；保安部门；担保，保证
5．version n. 变体，变种；说法；版本
6．filling n. (糕点等的)馅
7．ingredient n. 材料，成分；因素，要素
8．enhance vt. 提高，增强
9．scenery n. 风景，景色；舞台布景
10．atmosphere n. 气氛，氛围；大气；气体；空气
11．dynasty n. 朝，代；王朝
12．multiple adj. 数量多的，多样的
13．property n. 性质，特性；所有物，财产；不动产
14．appropriate adj. 合适的
15．estimate vt. 估计，估价
n. 估计；估计的成本
16．essential adj. 必不可少的；本质的，基本的
17．concept n. 概念，观念
18．stimulate vt. 促进，激发；刺激，使兴奋
19．appetite n. 食欲，胃口；强烈欲望
20．delicate adj. 精致的，精细的，精密的；
易损的，易碎的，脆弱的

(三)变形词汇“寻规记”　
1．combine vt.使联合，使结合 vi.联合，结合→_____________ n．结合体，联合体；联合，混合
2．greedy adj.贪婪的；贪吃的；渴望的→________ adv.贪婪地，贪心地
3．gentle adj.温和的；文雅的→_______ adv.轻柔地，温和地
4．associate v．联想，联系；(使)关联→___________ n．联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往
combination
greedily
gently
association
5．vary vi.变化，变更；相异，不同 vt.变更，改变→_______ adj.各种各样的；多方面的→_______ n．多样；种类；多样化
6．emotion n．情感，强烈的感情，激情，情绪→_________ adj.情感的；情绪的；情绪激动的→___________ adv.感情上；情绪上；情绪冲动地
7．salt n．盐；食盐→____ adj.咸的，含盐的
8．relieve vt.解除，减轻；缓和，缓解→_____ n．救济；减轻，解除；安慰
9．generate vt.产生，引起→__________ n．一代；产生；一代人；生殖
10．impress vt.& vi.使钦佩，给……留下深刻印象；使意识到→__________ n．印象；效果→__________ adj.令人印象深刻的
various
variety
emotional
emotionally
salty
relief
generation
impression
impressive
11．adore vt.崇拜；爱慕；喜爱；极喜欢→________ adj.可爱的，讨人喜爱的
12．fog n．雾→_____ adj.有雾的，雾茫茫的
13．consume vt.吃，喝，饮；消耗，耗费(尤指燃料、能量或时间)→ _________ n．消费者；顾客
14．innovate vi.创新；改革；革新→___________ n．创造，创新；新思想，新方法
15．emphasis n．强调，重视；重读→__________ vt.强调，着重
16．wrap vt.包；缠绕→_________ n．(食品等的)包装材料，包装纸
17．mix v．(使)混合→________ n．混合物；混合，结合
adorable
foggy
consumer
innovation
emphasize
wrapper
mixture
(四)联想词汇“一线牵”　
1．“景色”各不同
①scenery　　　　　　　 自然风景
②scene 场面；景色
③view 景色
④sight 景象；视野
⑤landscape 风景；风景画
⑥outlook 景色
2．后缀全一致
①security　　　　　　　 安全
②possibility 可能性
③equality 平等
④reality 现实
⑤nationality 国籍
⑥disability 失去能力；伤残
⑦popularity 普及；流行
3．词形有相似
①dessert 甜点→desert 舍弃
②tissue 组织→issue 问题；发行
③affect v．影响→effect n．影响
④principle 原则→principal 校长
⑤borrow 借→sorrow 悲痛
⑥wander 漫步→wonder 想知道
⑦praise赞扬→raise提升
⑧mask面具→ask问
二、背词块—丰富表达
1．___________　　　　　 奏效，起作用，达到目的
2．_____________ 更不用说
3．__________ 迫切需要
4．________________ 投身于，热衷于
5．_______________ 好(或美等)得不得了，非凡，呱呱叫
6．____________ 高兴地；非常愿意
7．_____ 存在，在于
do the trick
not to mention
cry out for
throw oneself into
out of this world
with pleasure
lie in
8．___________ 弥补
9．____________________ 和……有密切关系
10．___________ 使某人振作起来
11．___________ 释放；放任
12．__________ 使人满意，正合需要
13．_________ 破碎，破裂；崩溃
14．_____________ 和；连同
make up for
be/become tied up with
cheer sb.up
let sth.loose
hit the spot
fall apart
together with
15．_____________ 与……联系起来
16．__________ 把……送回；恢复；使回忆起
17．___________ 意识到……
18．________ 突然大受欢迎，迅速流行
19．_____________________ 从容不迫地做某事
20．_____________________ 　 自始至终做……
be linked with
bring back
be aware of
take off
take one's time over sth.
work one's way through
?联想串记
1．无被动语态的动词短语
①lie in　　　　　　　 存在，在于
②consist of 由……组成
③belong to 属于
④date from/back to 追溯到
⑤come true 变成现实
⑥take place 发生
⑦break out 爆发
2．遵循“就远原则”的短语
①together with　　　　 和；连同
②as well as 以及
③accompanied by 伴随
④in addition to 除了……之外
⑤more than 多于，超过
⑥no less than 不少于
⑦rather than 而不是
3．“be＋过去分词＋with”短语
①be linked with　　　　 与……联系起来
②be filled with 充满……
③be faced with 面临，面对
④be connected with 与……有关
三、背好句好段—增分写作
(一)背好句—有“话”好好说　
1．find it＋adj.＋不定式(短语)
教材原句 I find it hard to keep up my energy right after lunch.
我发现饭后很难保持精力充沛。
推荐佳句 ①(2021·1月新高考8省联考)Besides, I find it very challenging to recite an English poem in slow, measured cadences.
此外，我发现缓慢而抑扬顿挫、把握有度地朗诵一首英文诗很有挑战性。
②(新教材外研版选择性必修2佳句)Because I contribute to the household bills and my commute to work is quite expensive, I find it hard to save any money.
因为我要分担家庭账单，而且我的通勤费用很高，所以我发现攒钱非常困难。
续表
2.so that引导目的状语从句
教材原句 They are uploaded by users, and offer detailed instructions so that others can follow them step by step.
它们由用户上传，并提供详细的说明，以便其他人可以一步一步地遵循它们。
推荐佳句 ①(2022·全国乙卷)My suggestion is that students should try multiple ways when learning English so that they can find the way which suits them most.
我的建议是，学生在学习英语时应该尝试多种方法，以便找到最适合自己的方法。
②(新教材人教版必修1佳句)I'll find a way to improve on my own so that I can make the team next year.
我会找到一个让自己提高球技的方法，这样明年我就能加入球队了。
续表
3.not only ...but (also) ...引起的倒装句
教材原句 Not only is cooking at home cheaper, but I can cook exactly what I want.
在家烹饪不仅更便宜，而且我能烹饪自己想要吃的东西。
推荐佳句 ①(2022·浙江1月高考)Not only have we experienced authentic immersion in the exotic culture, but also formed a friendship which will certainly be cherished for good.
我们不但全身心地体验了异国文化，而且建立了将会永远珍惜的友谊。
②(新教材外研版选择性必修1佳句)Not only can we interact with art, but also take part in its creation.
我们不仅可以与艺术作品互动，还可以参与到艺术作品的创作中。
4.主语＋be believed＋不定式(短语)
教材原句 They are believed to have started off in the late Qing Dynasty as a way for boatmen on the Yangtze River to keep warm during the cold and wet winters.
人们认为，火锅始自清末，当时是长江上的船工在湿冷的冬季取暖的一种办法。
推荐佳句 (新教材外研版选择性必修4佳句)For example, the mysterious large－eyed, bronze statues of the ancient Shu Kingdom, discovered at the Chinese archeological site at Sanxingdui, were believed to have been able to look across great distances into the stars.
例如在中国考古遗址三星堆发掘的古蜀国神秘的巨目铜像，古时的人们认为它能够看到遥远的星空。
(二)背好段—有“情”慢慢聊　
情感表达之“惊讶”
The carpenter worked hard all that day measuring, sawing, digging and nailing. About sunset when the older brother returned, the carpenter had just finished his job. The older brother's eyes opened wide and his jaw dropped. There was no fence there at all；instead there was a bridge, a bridge stretching from one side of the creek to the other.
[点评]　本段中使用了“eyes opened wide and his jaw dropped”生动形象地刻画了哥哥看到木匠的作品时惊讶的表情。常用的描写人物惊讶的词汇有：surprise, amaze, shock, astonish, to one's surprise/astonishment等。
四、语基课前自查——摸底训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He had nothing to do but _____ (煮沸) some water and make the tea.
2．You don't need any special skills for this job, just _____ (简单的) common sense.
3．Yuan Longping's __________ (创新) has helped feed not just China, but many other countries that depend on rice as well.
boil
plain
innovation
4．It is _________ (估计) that the boy can't find an appropriate way to get out of the trap.
5．It is obvious that it can ________ (提高) people's consciousness of health.
6．As you know, the skin is an _________ (必不可少的) part of your body which acts as a barrier against disease.
estimated
enhance
essential
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Walking, jogging and swimming can also help ______ (low) blood pressure and reduce stress.
2．Despite the difficulties, he throws _______ (he)into the research.
3．Communicating with friends face to face is a way to ______ (relief) pressure from work and life.
lower
himself
relieve
4．In general, we Chinese place great emphasis ___ the importance of family life and ties.
5．These pills should do ____ trick.You'll feel much better in no time.
6．My English teacher made a good ___________ (impress) on me by her rich knowledge and humorous talk.
on
the
impression
Ⅲ.词汇拓展训练
1．We can't always _________ work with pleasure, and the ____________ is hard to get.(combine)
2．In western countries, the number “thirteen” is usually _________ with bad luck, but actually there isn't any __________ between them.(associate)
3．There are ________ goods in the supermarket, and the prices _____ from cents to dollars. The _______ attracts many customers.(vary)
combine
combination
associated
association
various
vary
variety
4．The air conditioners of this type __________ too much electricity. Many __________ complain about this.(consume)
5．The little boy ______ vinegar with sugar and the ________ tasted not so bad.(mix)
6．To remain competitive, the company must encourage __________.As a result, our company has successfully _________ new products and services.(innovate)
consume
consumers
mixed
mixture
innovation
innovated
Ⅳ.选词填空
1．When people speak English ___________ their own dialects, can you tell them apart
2．People in the flood－stricken areas are _____________ food and clean water.
3．You have cheated us so many times, so just saying “Trust me” won't ____________.
let loose， do the trick， fall apart， cry out for， hit the spot， not to mention， mix with， make up for
mixed with
crying out for
do the trick
4．As a result, people will eat more food to try to ______________ that something missing.
5．Old folk and children alike are all against the proposal, ______________ the youth.
6．We don't have to keep these old chairs any more.Anyway, they are ____________.
7．Those dark clouds are going to ________ at any minute.
8．After the football match, I drank a cup of cola beverages, and it really __________.
make up for
not to mention
falling apart
let loose
hit the spot
Ⅴ.多维表达
1．(完成句子)You will ____________________________________ according to a recipe.
你会发现根据菜谱在家做饭非常有趣。
2．(完成句子)______________________ when I visited Beijing was the Great Wall.
去北京游玩时，给我留下印象最深的是长城。
3．(完成句子)_________________ the meeting will last four days.
预计这次会议要持续四天。
find it very interesting to cook at home
What impressed me most
It is estimated that
4．(完成句子)Here I'd like to inform you of some detailed information __________________________________________________.
在这儿我想告诉你一些详细情况，以便你能做好充分的准备。
5．(一句多译)无论捡到什么，你必须把它归还给它的主人。
→_________________________, you must give it back to whoever it belongs to.
→___________________, you must give it back to whoever it belongs to.
so that/in order that you can make full preparations for it
No matter what you pick up
Whatever you pick up
6．(一句多译)人们认为茶有益健康，尤其是绿茶和红茶。
→Tea _____________________________, green tea and black tea in particular.
→__________________________________, green tea and black tea in particular.
7．(句式升级)Travelling can not only broaden your horizons, but it can relax your body and soul as well.
→_________________________________________, but it can relax your body and soul as well.(升级为倒装句)
is believed to be good for health
It's believed that tea is good for health
Not only can travelling broaden your horizons
中档保分词汇—自查自纠无盲点
1．combination n．结合体，联合体；联合，混合
　(单句语法填空/一句多译)
①He carried on the business in ____________ (combine) with his friends.
combination
②Perseverance _________ (combine) with energy is necessary to success in life.
③Only with _________ (combine) efforts can we expect our hometown to take on a new look in due course.
④如果你把你的知识和经验结合起来，你一定会成功。
→If you ________________________________ your experience, you are sure to succeed.(一般表达)
→_________________________________ your experience, you are sure to succeed.(非谓语动词短语作状语)
combined
combined
combine your knowledge with/and
Combining your knowledge with/and
系统归纳 (1)in combination with 　与……结合/联合
(2)combine vt.& vi. (使)联合，(使)结合
combine ... with/and ... 把……与……结合起来
combine to do sth. 联合起来做某事
微点提醒 combine ...with/and ...的同义短语有：associate ... with, connect ... with, relate ...with /to, join ...to/and, link ...with/and等。
2.appropriate adj.合适的
　(单句语法填空/同义替换/句型转换)
①His clothes were not appropriate ______ such a season.
②His bright clothes were hardly appropriate while she was dressed ____________ (appropriate)．
③I don't think it is right for parents to quit their jobs in order to provide better consideration for their children. ___________
④It is not appropriate for you to ask such personal questions in an interview.
→It is not appropriate ___________________ such personal questions in an interview.
for/to
appropriately
appropriate
that you (should) ask
系统归纳 (1)be appropriate for/to　 适于……
It is appropriate that sb. (should) do 某人做……是恰当的
It is appropriate for sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是恰当的
(2)appropriately adv. 适当地
微点提醒 在“It's＋adj.＋that ...”结构中，如果形容词是某些表示可能、适当、较好、迫切、重要等的词，主语从句的谓语常用虚拟语气，即“should ＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
3.estimate vt.估计，估价 n．估计；估计的成本
　(同义替换/完成句子)
①I guess that total cost for treatment will go from $9,000 to $12,500. _______
②I can give you _________________ the amount of wood you will need.
我可以粗略估计一下你所需要的木材量。
③The deal _____________________ around $1.5 million.
这笔交易估计价值150万美元左右。
estimate
a rough estimate of
is estimated to be worth
④_________________ the project will last four years.
据估计，这项工程将持续四年。
⑤___________________ how many children suffer from dyslexia.
很难估计有多少孩子有诵读困难症。
It is estimated that
It is hard to estimate
系统归纳 be estimated to be　 　　　估计为……
It is estimated that ... 据估计……
4.emphasis n．强调，重视；重读
　(单句语法填空/同义替换/完成句子)
①As far as I am concerned, I can't lay emphasis ____ the rewarding and interesting fruit－picking activity too much.
②The report stressed the importance that students should take up exercise regularly. __________
③His speech __________________________ attracting industry to the town.
他的发言强调了吸引工业到城镇的重要性。
④_________________________ this is only one possible explanation.
应该强调的是，这只是一种可能的解释。
on
emphasized
emphasized the importance of
It should be emphasized that
4.emphasis n．强调，重视；重读
　(单句语法填空/同义替换/完成句子)
①As far as I am concerned, I can't lay emphasis ___ the rewarding and interesting fruit－picking activity too much.
②The report stressed the importance that students should take up exercise regularly. ____________
③His speech ___________________________ attracting industry to the town.
他的发言强调了吸引工业到城镇的重要性。
④__________________________ this is only one possible explanation.
应该强调的是，这只是一种可能的解释。
on
emphasized
emphasized the importance of
It should be emphasized that
系统归纳 (1)put/lay/place emphasis on sth. 强调/重视某事
(2)emphasize vt.　　　　 　强调，着重
emphasize the importance of ... 强调……的重要性
It should be emphasized that ... 应该强调的是……
5.let sth.loose释放；放任
　(选词填空：let loose, let alone, let down, let out)
①Hearing the good news, the boy _______ a cry of joy.
②I just wanted to communicate with some friends and to ________ some personal frustration.
③The stories of the film are excellent, but its ending ____ me _____.
④I hardly had time to think these days, ________ relax.
let out
let loose
lets
down
let alone
系统归纳 let out　　　　释放；放走；发出(叫喊声等)；
泄露(消息、秘密等)；透露
let alone 更不用说；更谈不上
let ... down 把……放下来；使……
教材基础语法—再认再现基础牢
1．动词不定式作主语
　(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①It's careless ___ you to give me the wrong number.
②___ is my great honour to make a speech here.
③It is not easy for a foreigner _______ (learn)to speak Chinese.
of
It
to learn
④It's a great honour for me __________________________________ titled “Be smart online learners”．
我很荣幸站在这里发表题为“成为明智的在线学习者”的演讲。
⑤_______________________________ my homework yesterday evening.
昨天晚上我花了一个多小时做作业。
to stand here and address my speech
It took me more than an hour to do
2．动词不定式作表语
　(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①What he hoped was _____________ (admit) into the university.
②The purpose of education is ___________ (develop) a fine personality in children.
③What we can do is ______________________________ rather than to escape from them.
我们能做的是学着去应对挑战而不是逃避它们。
to be admitted
to develop
to learn to deal with the challenges
[谨记规则]
(1)不定式短语作主语时，往往放在谓语之后，用it作形式主语。常见的句式有：
①It＋be＋adj.(important, necessary, easy, difficult ...)＋for sb.＋ to do sth.(表语为形容词，描述事物的性质)
②It＋be＋adj.(kind, generous, considerate, helpful ...)＋of sb.＋ to do sth.(表语为形容词，表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征)
③It be＋n.(fun, honour, pleasure)＋ to do(表语为名词)
④It takes/took/will take sb.some time/money to do sth.
(2)不定式作表语多表示某一次具体的、特定的或有待实现的动作。
复杂多变词汇—条分缕析逐点清
1．association n．联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往
常见考法 (1)in association with ...与……联合/有关联
(2)associate v. 联想，联系；(使)关联
associate ...with ... 把……和……联系在一起
(3)be associated with ... 与……有关
升维考法 be associated with＝be linked to, connect to, be related to等。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①I always associate the smell of those flowers ____ my childhood.
②The __________ (associate) was formed to represent the interests of women artists.
③The syndrome is associated ______ frequent coughing.
with
association
with
?细练升维考法(一句多译)
④据报道，很多健康问题和不健康的生活方式有关。
→It is reported that there are many health problems which _____________________________________. (associate)
→It is reported that there are many health problems which ____________________________.(connect)
→It is reported that there are many health problems which _______________________________.(link)
→It is reported that there are many health problems which ________________________________.(relate)
are associated with the unhealthy lifestyle
connect to the unhealthy lifestyle
are linked to the unhealthy lifestyle
are related to the unhealthy lifestyle
2．vary vi.(根据情况)变化，变更；相异，不同vt.变更，改变
常见考法 (1)vary with ...　 　随着……而变化
vary in ... 在……方面不同/有差异
vary from ... to ... 由……到……变化
(2)variety n. 多样；种类；多样化
a variety of＝varieties of＝various 各种各样的，各种不同的
the variety of ... ……的品种
(3)various adj. 各种各样的
升维考法 (1)a variety of可用great, large, wide等修饰。 a variety of＝various/varieties of/all kinds of/all sorts of/a wide range of，后可跟可数名词复数或不可数名词。
(2)“a variety of＋复数名词”用作主语，谓语多用复数；“the variety of＋复数名词”用作主语，谓语要用单数。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①One of the advantages is that we can find ________ (variety) topics, such as science, culture and history.
②There are ________ (variety) of reasons in favor of my opinion that a Chinese dictionary shouldn't include English words.
③Customs vary _____ the times. And customs vary _____ country ___ country. That is to say, countries vary ___ customs.
various
varieties
with
from
to
in
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空/词汇升级)
④The variety of dishes _______ (be) astonishing.
⑤A variety of books _____ (have) been published.
⑥(2021·全国乙卷)For example, we are taking advantage of various online programs for further study, which allow us to acquire knowledge wherever we are at any time.
→For example, we are taking advantage of _________________________ _________________________________online programs for further study, which allow us to acquire knowledge wherever we are at any time.
is/was
have
a variety of/varieties of/all kinds of/all sorts of/a wide range of
3．relieve vt.解除，减轻；缓和，缓解
常见考法 (1)relieve sb. of sth.　 　 帮某人减轻……
(2)relief n. 减轻，解除；安慰
with/in relief 如释重负；松了口气
to one's relief 令某人感到欣慰的是
It is a relief to do sth. 做某事感到舒心多了
(3)relieved adj. 感到宽慰的；放心的
be relieved to do .../that ... 深感欣慰……
升维考法 relief 表示抽象意义的“放松；减轻”时，为不可数名词；表示具体意义的“宽慰的事”时，为可数名词。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①It was ___ relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle of the road.
②My assistant relieved me ___ all the paperwork.
③The passengers all sighed ________ relief when the plane finally landed safely.
④___________, the new medicine helped _____________ the pain of his injured leg.
令我感到欣慰的是，这种新药能缓解他受伤的腿的疼痛。
a
of
with/in
To my relief
relieve him of
?细练升维考法(完成句子)
⑤Music _________________ and helped her get through hard times.
音乐使她放松，帮助她度过了困难时期。
⑥It was ____________ to know that he went back home safe and sound.
得知他安然无恙地回家了，真是一件令人宽慰的事。
brought her relief
a great relief
4．impress vt.& vi.使钦佩，给……留下深刻印象；使意识到
常见考法 (1)impress sb. with sth. 某事给某人留下深刻印象
impress sth. on/upon sb./one's memory (mind)
使某人对某事有印象/铭记某事
be impressed with/by/at ... 对……印象深刻；被……所感动
(2)impression n. 印象；感想
leave/make an impression on sb. 给某人留下深刻印象
(3)impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的
升维考法 (1)impress不能用于impress sb. sth.结构，其间接宾语由介词on/upon引出；impress也不用于进行时。
(2)impress sb. with sth.“某事给某人留下深刻印象”和impress sth. on/upon sb.“使某人对某事有印象/使某人铭记某事”意思相同，但搭配的介词不同。
(3)impressive可以用来修饰物或人，而impressed常和人搭配。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①Yulong Mountain impresses visitors _____ its beauty forever, attracting millions of visitors from home and abroad each year.
②Thanks to our wonderful and __________ (impress) performance, we finally won the first prize.
③__________ (impress) by the magnificent architecture, we couldn't wait to start our exploration.
④I didn't get much of an __________ (impress) of the place because it was dark when we drove through it.
with
impressive
Impressed
impression
?细练升维考法
(选词填空：impressive, impressed/一句多译)
⑤The lecture given by Mr Smith was so interesting that we were all _________ by it.
⑥Air Jordan's skills were ___________, but the mental strength that he showed made him unique.
⑦那个外向女孩的自信给面试官们留下了深刻的印象。
→The outgoing girl __________________________________________.
→The outgoing girl ____________________________________________.
impressed
impressive
impressed the interviewers with her confidence
impressed her confidence on/upon the interviewers
经典增分句式—学通用活表达美
1．so that引导目的状语从句
(1)so that 可引导目的状语从句，作“以便；为的是”讲，从句中通常用may (might)或can (could)。
(2)in order that也可引导目的状语从句，但so that一般不用于句首，而in order that可用于句首。
(3)当so that/in order that引导的从句中的主语和主句中的主语一致时，可将从句转化为不定式或in order to/so as to句型。
(4)so that 也可引导结果状语从句，意为“因此；所以”。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①Please speak slowly and let me set down your cellphone number and address.
→Please speak slowly _____________________ your cellphone number and address.
②To catch the first bus, she got up very early.
→____________________________________, she got up very early.
③They made a lot of lively programs so as to/in order to attract more students.
→They made a lot of lively programs __________________________________.
so that I can set down
In order that she could catch the first bus
so that they could attract more students
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
④请制订一个锻炼计划并坚持下去，这样你就能很快恢复健康。
Please come up with a workout schedule and stick to it __________________________________________.
⑤她比从前学习更努力，因此她轻松通过了考试。
She studied harder than before so that she passed the exam with ease.
so that/in order that you can get in shape soon
2．not only ...but also ...
(1)not only ...but also ...用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其意为“不仅……而且……”；其中的also有时可以省略。
(2)not only ...but also ...连接两个句子，且not only位于句首时， not only后面的句子要用部分倒装。
(3)not only ...but also ...连接的两个并列成分作主语时，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致，即就近原则。连接两个主语时，应遵循“就近原则”的还有：
①neither ...nor ...“既不……也不……”；
②not ...but ...“不是……而是……”；
③either ...or ...“或者……或者……”。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①The students and their teacher like playing football.
→__________________________________________ playing football.
②We not only forgot to turn off the lights in the kitchen, but we (also) failed to lock the front door.
→Not only ___________________________________________, but we (also) failed to lock the front door.
Not only the students but also their teacher likes
did we forget to turn off the lights in the kitchen
③As we all know, reading classics can not only improve our studying career but also enrich our everyday life.
→As we all know, __________________________________________________ but also it can enrich our everyday life.
not only can reading classics improve our studying career
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
④首先，这个展览的主题是环境保护，这不仅有趣，而且很有意义。
To begin with, the theme of the show is environmental protection, ____________________________________________.
⑤锻炼不仅能强健我们的身体，而且还有助于我们专心于学习。
Not only does taking exercise build up our body but it also helps us concentrate on our study.
which is not only interesting but also meaningful
3．主语＋be believed＋动词不定式(短语)
?通过题点训练明确规则用法
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Chinese is believed to _______ (use) even more widely in the future world.
②Loulan _________ (believe) to have been gradually covered over by sandstorms hundreds of years ago.
③____________ the short English film is mainly related to the development of our school.
据说这部英文短片主要与我们学校的发展有关。
be used
is believed
It's said that
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
(一句多译)
④人们认为，良好的饮食对我们的健康有益。
→_______________________________________________
→__________________________________________________
A good diet is believed to be beneficial to our health.
It is believed that a good diet is beneficial to our health.
2019·全国卷Ⅲ·阅读理解B篇
For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.
“It's no secret that China has always been a source (来源) of inspiration for designers，” says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A ＋ E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion (时尚) shows.
Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China－inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics (美学) on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.
“China is impossible to overlook，” says Hill. “Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are central to its movement.” Of course, not only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China — some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese. “Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are __________ Galliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs — and beating them hands down in design and sales，” adds Hill.
taking on
For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion. “The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers，” she says. “China is no longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China — its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.”
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章以国外视角介绍了中国文化及中国美学对国际时尚的影响，展现了中国对国际时尚和设计发展的引领作用。
1.What can we learn about the exhibition in New York
A．It promoted the sales of artworks.
B．It attracted a large number of visitors.
C．It showed ancient Chinese clothes.
D．It aimed to introduce Chinese models.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，这次在纽约的展览拥有破纪录的出席人数。
答案：B　
2．What does Hill say about Chinese women
A．They are setting the fashion.
B．They start many fashion campaigns.
C．They admire super models.
D．They do business all over the world.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Chinese women are not just ... to its movement”可知，中国女性不仅是时尚的消费者，她们还是这场运动的核心。
答案：A　
3．What do the underlined words “taking on” in paragraph 4 mean
A．learning from　　　 B．looking down on
C．working with D．competing against
解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段画线词所在句可知，三位中国最优秀的时装设计者在设计和销量方面击败了三位顶尖西方设计师，据此可推知，take on在该句中表示“与……较量”。
答案：D　
4．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Young Models Selling Dreams to the World
B．A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York
C．Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics
D．Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国文化及中国美学对国际时尚的影响，展现了中国对国际时尚和设计发展的引领作用。
答案：D　
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
词义猜测题的思维建模(第3题)
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的意思)
①(熟词生义)For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative. ______________
②(熟词生义)Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China－inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. _____
创意；创作素材
激发
③(熟词生义)“China is impossible to overlook，” says Hill. _____
④(一词多义)Of course, not only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China — some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese. ______
忽视
极棒的
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①home to　　　　　　　 ___________
②works of art _________
③with the aim of ___________________
④be central to _________________
⑤take sb. on ___________
⑥beat sb. hands down __________________
⑦in many senses ____________

……的故乡
艺术作品
以……为目标；旨在
对……极为重要的
同某人较量
轻而易举地击败某人
在许多方面
三、寻结构破长句
1．Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are central to its movement.
抓标志：关系代词___________
判类型：主句＋定语从句＋定语从句
试翻译：中国模特是_______________________美丽和时尚运动的代言人，______________________________________——她们也是时尚运动的核心。
that; which
向全世界女性推销梦想的
这意味着中国女性不仅仅是时尚的消费者
2．If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China — its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.
抓标志：从属连词___；连接词_____
判类型：条件状语从句＋主句(含有一个宾语从句)
试翻译：______________________，你就是在谈论中国——它的影响、它的方向、它令人惊叹的服装，以及_____________________________ ________________________。
if
how
如果你谈论今天的时尚
年轻的设计师和模特是如何最终在许多方面承认那一点的
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏结构之美)Of course, not only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China — some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese.
赏析：句中not only后句子采用了部分倒装句式。not only置于句首，句子采用部分倒装是写作中一种常用的高级句式，本句中not only用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调破折号后的内容，使重点突出，句式灵活多变。
[对点练——完成句子/句型转换]
①___________________ more correctly, but he spoke more easily.
他不仅讲得更准确，也讲得更不费劲了。
②He not only refused the gift but also severely criticized the sender.(用部分倒装改写句子)
→___________________________, but he also severely criticized the sender.
Not only did he speak
Not only did he refuse the gift
2．(赏用词之美)For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.
赏析：作者在本句中使用了rich，long，inspiration，creative等说明了中国丰富的文化对西方时装创意的深远影响，用词准确达意。
3．(赏意境之美)“The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers，”she says.
赏析：最著名的设计师是中国人，模特和顾客也是中国人。此情此景，充分展现了中国对国际时尚和设计发展的引领和关键作用。
“课时作业”
(单击进入电子文档)
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谢
观
看(共100张PPT)
开始
选择性必修
UNIT 2　The universal language
01
02
03
课前——语基自主落实
课堂——能力融会发展
课下——主题素养训练
一、背单词—多多益善
(一)易记词汇“一遍过”　
1．grave n．　　　　　 坟墓；死亡，去世
adj. 严重的；严肃的
2．tune n. 曲调，曲子
vt. 调音；调频道；调整
3．lyric n. 歌词；抒情诗
adj. 抒情的；吟唱的
4．rural adj. 乡村的，农村的
5．breeze n. 微风，和风
6．jazz n. 爵士乐
7．solo n. 独奏，独唱
adj. 独自的；独唱的，独奏的
8．solar adj. 太阳的；太阳能的
9．volume n. 音量，响度；体积，容积，容量；量，额
10．lane n. (乡间)小路；小巷；车道；跑道；航线
11．stream vi.& vt. 鱼贯而行，涌动；流，流动
n. 小溪；(人)流，(车)流
12．vast adj. 大量的，辽阔的，巨大的
13．finale n. 末乐章，终场，结局；结尾
14．weep vi.& vt. 哭泣，流泪
15．folk adj. 民间的，民俗的
n. 民间音乐；人们；各位；家人
16．flow vi. 流，流动；充满；涨起
n. 流，流动；连贯；涨潮
17．stare vi. 盯着看，凝视，注视
n. 盯，凝视，注视
18．grab vt.& vi. 吸引；抓住；赶紧，抓紧
19．sweep vt.& vi. 席卷，横扫；打扫；吹走；清除
n. 打扫，清扫
20．upset adj. 难过的，失望的
vt. 使烦恼；搅乱；打翻
21．ease n. 容易，轻易；舒适，安逸
vi.& vt. (使)宽慰，减轻
22．genius n. 天赋，天资；天才
23．grand adj. 宏大的，宏伟的；壮丽的，堂皇的
(二)挑战词汇“三遍熟”　
1．symphony n．　　　　 交响乐，交响曲
2．concerto n. 协奏曲
3．forever adv. 永远；长久地；老是
4．heaven n. 极乐之地
5．communist adj. 共产主义的
n. 共产主义者
6．invader n. 武装入侵的军队(或国家)，侵略者
7．spacecraft n．(pl.spacecraft) 航天(飞行)器，宇宙飞船
8．recording n. 录音，视频；录制；记录，记载
9．handkerchief n．(pl.handkerchiefs or handkerchieves) 手帕，纸巾
10．orchestra n. 管弦乐队
11．deserve vt. 值得，应得
12．whisper vi.& vt. 耳语，低语；私下说；沙沙作响
n. 低语；轻柔的声音；传言
13．dramatic adj. 激动人心的，引人注目的；突然的；戏剧的；夸张的
14．overcome vt. 受到……的极大影响；克服，解决；战胜
15．guarantee vt. 保证，担保；确保；为(产品)提供保修
n. 保证；担保；保修单
16．unusual adj. 特别的，不寻常的；独特的，与众不同的
17．complicated adj. 复杂的，难懂的
18．remarkable adj. 非凡的，奇异的，显著的，引人注目的
19．reputation n. 名誉，名声
20．brilliant adj. 聪颖的，技艺高的；巧妙的；很成功的；明亮的
21．extraordinary adj. 不寻常的，非凡的；意想不到的，令人惊奇的
22．abandon vt. 中止，放弃，不再有；抛弃；舍弃
23．desperate adj. 绝望的；不惜冒险的；极其需要的；极严重的
24．uplifting adj. 令人振奋的，鼓舞人心的
(三)变形词汇“寻规记”　
1．compose vt.& vi.作曲；组成；撰写；使镇静→__________ n．作曲家，作曲者→___________ n．作文；作曲
2．pleasant adj.令人愉快的，可喜的；友好的，和善的→________ adj.欣喜的；高兴的；愉快的→________ n．高兴；快乐
3．sorrow n．悲伤，悲痛；伤心事→ _________adj.悲伤的；悲痛的
4．transform vi.& vt.(使)变形，(使)改观，(使)转化→______________ n．转化；转换；变形
5．combine vt.& vi.(使)融合；(使)结合，(使)混合；兼做；合并→___________ n．结合；组合；联合
composer
composition
pleased
pleasure
sorrowful
transformation
combination
6．surround vt.包围；围绕→____________ adj.周围的；附近的→_____________ n．周围，环境
7．adapt vt.使适应；改编 vi.适应→__________ n．改编本，改写本；适应
8．defend vt.& vi.保护，防御；辩白，辩解→_______ n．防御；防卫
9．greet vt.问候，欢迎，招呼→________ n．问候，招呼；祝贺
10．suit v．相配，合身；适合→________ adj.合适的，适宜的，适当的，适用的
11．distant adj.遥远的，远处的，久远的；冷淡的；远亲的→_________ n．距离；远方；间隔
surrounding
surroundings
adaptation
defence
greeting
suitable
distance
12．breath n．呼吸的空气；一次吸入的空气；微量，迹象→________ vi.呼吸；松口气→_________ adj.气喘吁吁的；屏息的
13．accompany vt.陪同，陪伴；伴随，与……同时发生；为……伴奏→________ n．[U]陪伴；伴同；公司→__________ n．[C]同伴；伙伴
14．expect vt.期望；指望；认为；预料 vi.期待；预期→____________ n．希望，盼望；预料，预期；期望，指望
15．enthusiastic adj.热情的，热心的→__________ n．热心，热忱，热情
16．gift n．礼物；天赋；赠品→______ adj.有才华的，有天赋的
breathe
breathless
company
companion
expectation
enthusiasm
gifted
17．predict v．预言，预知；断言→___________ n．预言，预测→_________ n．预言者
18．depress vt.使抑郁，使沮丧；使萧条，使不景气→__________ adj.沮丧的；萧条的→__________ adj.令人沮丧的→__________ n．沮丧，消沉
19．possess vt.具有(特质)；拥有；支配，控制→_________ n．拥有；财产
20．vary vi.变化；变更；不同 vt.改变；使多样化→_______ adj.各种各样的；多方面的→______ n．多样；种类；多样化→_________ n．变奏，变奏曲；变化，变更；变体，变种
prediction
predictor
depressed
depressing
depression
possession
various
variety
variation
(四)联想词汇“一线牵”　
1．各种“音乐”在线听
①jazz n．　　　　　　 爵士乐
②classical n. 古典音乐
③symphony n. 交响乐
④ballad n. 民歌；民谣
⑤rock 'n' roll 摇滚乐
2．七嘴八舌有话“说”
①whisper v．　　　　 低声地说
②speak vt. 说；讲
③address vt. 演说
④communicate v. 沟通；交流
3．否定前缀记“un－”
①unusual　　　　　　 不寻常的
②unfit 不合适的
③uncomfortable 不舒服的
④unfriendly 不友善的
⑤unfortunate 不幸的
二、背词块—丰富表达
1．_______________　　　　　 各种各样的
2．__________ 有史以来
3．_______ 依赖，依靠；信任
4．________ 最后是，结果是
5．_______________ 陷入深思
6．_________ 奉送，额外赠送
7．________________ 作为额外增添
8．_______________ 深受欢迎
a wide range of
of all time
rely on
turn out
deep in thought
throw in
for good measure
be well received
9．_____________ 特别地；尤其
10．________________ 对……评价很高，欣赏……
11．_____________ 打算作……用
12．_____________________ 能够做某事
13．_____________________ 开始认真注意(或对待)某事
14．________________________ 做某事有困难
15．________ 深思，反省
in particular
think highly of ...
be meant for ...
be capable of doing sth.
get down to (doing) sth.
have trouble (in) doing sth.
reflect on
16．__________ 摆脱，丢弃；扔掉
17．_____________ 突然，猛地
18．_________ 闯入；破门而入
19．_______ 理解；领会；欺骗
20．__________ 使(关系密切的人)分离
21．_________ 由……组成(或构成)
get rid of
all of a sudden
break into
take in
tear apart
consist of
?联想串记
1．一览“各种各样的”
①a wide range of　　 ②all kinds of
③various kinds of ④a variety of
⑤all sorts of ⑥all types of
⑦of sorts
2．积累“v.＋out”
①turn out　　　　 最后是，结果是
②run out 用完；耗尽
③work out 算出；锻炼
④figure out 算出；理解
⑤leave out 省略，删去
⑥pick out 挑选
3．聚焦“开始做某事”
①get down to (doing) sth.
②settle down to sth.
③set about doing sth.
④set out to do sth.
⑤start/begin to do/doing sth.
4．关注“动词＋on”
①rely on　　　　 依赖，依靠；信任
②call on 号召；拜访
③carry on 继续；从事
④count on 指望；依靠
三、背好句好段—增分写作
(一)背好句—有“话”好好说　
1．形容词短语作状语
教材原句 Angry and sad, Liang falls sick and dies.
梁山伯悲愤交加，染病而亡。
推荐佳句 ①(新教材外研版必修3佳句)Embarrassed and ashamed, I can't concentrate on anything.
我既尴尬又羞愧，做什么事都无法集中精力。
②(新教材外研版选择性必修1佳句)The following morning, I should again greet the dawn, anxious to discover new delights, new revelations of beauty.
第三天清晨，我要再次迎接黎明，迫切地去探索更多愉悦，发现更多美好。
2.as ...as ...引导比较状语从句
教材原句 Life here in Nashville is as interesting as I thought it would be.
在纳什维尔的生活和我之前料想得一样有趣。
推荐佳句 ①(2021·全国乙卷)Some students are not so disciplined as we have expected while learning online.
在线学习时，一些学生不像我们原来预料得那样自律。
②(新教材外研版选择性必修4佳句)In the Ming Dynasty, trade routes changed and Dunhuang was not as prosperous as it used to be.
明代，贸易路线发生了变化，敦煌也不像以前那样繁华。
3.it's no use doing ...
教材原句 Since the only person that understands my music is gone, it's no use keeping the qin.
既然唯一能听懂我的音乐的人已经不在了，留着这把琴也就没有用处了。
推荐佳句 ①It is no use crying over spilt milk.
覆水难收。
②It's no use doing a lot of work without thoughtful planning.
没有周详的计划而做一大堆工作是没用的。
(二)背好段—有“情”慢慢聊　
情感表达之“疲惫”
The storm was so huge that I couldn't pull myself out of the water. After a while, I felt rather tired and out of breath. I almost gave up and thought I would lose my life in the sea. I also felt regret that I didn't listen to what the old man told me before. I felt deeper and deeper into the wave.
[点评]　本段中的“couldn't pull myself out of, felt rather tired and out of breath, felt deeper and deeper into the wave”等词汇描述了作者掉入海里后拼命挣扎，感到无助、十分疲惫的情形。常用的描写人物疲惫的词汇有：tired, exhausted, weary, worn out等。
四、语基课前自查——摸底训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He __________ (耳语) to her so that no one else could hear what he said.
2．The doctor has a very good __________ (名声) for treating heart trouble.
3．At the funeral, everyone was ________ (哭泣) with sadness over the young boy's death.
4．The salesman ___________ (保证) that the TV would not break in the first 5 years with normal use.
5．There is little doubt that things will improve in the not too _______ (久远的) future.
whispered
reputation
weeping
guaranteed
distant
6．The plot was too ____________ (复杂的) for me.I couldn't follow it.
7．No matter how busy we are, we should set aside some time to ___________ (陪伴) our parents.
8．If we work with a strong will, we can __________ (克服) any difficulty, however great it is.
9．She _______ (凝视) at the painting, wondering where she had seen it.
10．He reached out a hand, ________ (抓住) the boy's arm and dragged him back.
complicated
accompany
overcome
stared
grabbed
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．It is said that this play is an __________ (adapt) of an English novel.
2．The surface of the moon is not similar to that of the earth，which is consistent with scientists' previous __________ (expect)．
3．His latest book, I think, deserves ________________ (read) several times.
4．Events could have developed in a ___________ (dramatic) different way.
5．John is very _______ (rely) — if he promises to do something he'll do it.
6．The manager firmly believes ________________ (transform) is not only a choice, but also a strategy.
adaptation
expectation
reading/to be read
dramatically
reliable
transformation
Ⅲ.词汇拓展训练
1．Once upon a time, there was a king who was very polite to ___________ countries living in a castle ___________ by tall trees and with wonderful ____________.(surround)
2．In time of war, lots of money will be spent on ________ and many measures will be taken to ______ a country from being attacked.(defend)
3．Choose a pair of shoes that _____ you best, and we'll cycle to a ________ place for a picnic.(suit)
4．He had lived through the worst years of the _________ and now he has come out of the __________ state.(depress)
surrounding
surrounded
surroundings
defence
defend
suits
suitable
depression
depressing
5．Yesterday, I climbed to the mountaintop to ________ the fresh air.Although I became _________ when I was on the top, the ______ of fresh air was worth it.(breath)
6．The little girl has a pet dog, and it is a good __________ because it keeps her ________ all the time, and even ____________ her to school.(accompany)
7．The scientists in America ________ that the previous ___________ that the Greek scholars made won't turn into reality.(predict)
breathe
breathless
breath
companion
company
accompanies
predict
predictions
Ⅳ.选词填空
1．A regular breakfast can _________ an egg, a bowl of porridge, a sweet potato and two kinds of fruit.
2．The road which ____________ vehicles is under repair.Drivers are required to take some other routes.
3．There is a need for all the people to _________ the security systems in schools.
4．You can _______ it that they will finish the work ahead of schedule.
a wide range of， of all time， consist of， in particular， rely on， get down to， reflect on， get rid of， be meant for， for good measure
consist of
is meant for
reflect on
rely on
5．Moreover, with the stadium set up, _______________ sports events are able to be held.
6．She tasted the mixture and added another glass of brandy ________________.
7．I do hope these ideas can help you ________ your addiction as soon as possible.
8．It's time that I ____________ thinking about my future.
9．It is widely recognized that this is one of the most popular English songs __________.
10．His statement refers to people in general, not to anyone ____________.
a wide range of
for good measure
get rid of
got down to
of all time
in particular
Ⅴ.多维表达
1．(完成句子)He speaks English perfectly ___________________________ _____________. (as if)
他英语讲得非常完美，就好像他在英国居住了很多年似的。
2．(完成句子)Playing table tennis is ____________________ playing football in our campus.
在我们校园里，打乒乓球是一项和踢足球一样受欢迎的活动。
3．(完成句子)________________________, I will have finished writing my novel.(by the time)
到你回来时，我将已经写完我的小说了。
as if he had lived in England for many years
as popular an activity as
By the time you come back
4．(完成句子)It is generally believed that Hainan _______________________ _______________________. (主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式)
通常认为，老人在海南过冬是很舒服的。
5．(一句多译)在一位当地村民的带领下，我们最终找到了那座古老的城堡。
→We ____________________________, and finally found the ancient castle.(并列句)
→_______________________, we finally found the ancient castle.(分词短语作状语)
→____________________________, we finally found the ancient castle.(with复合结构)
is comfortable for the old to live through the winter
were guided by a local villager
Guided by a local villager
With a local villager guiding us
6．(句式升级)She just stood there, and was unable to believe what had just happened.
→She just stood there, ____________________________________.(升级为形容词短语作状语)
unable to believe what had just happened
中档保分词汇—自查自纠无盲点
1．guarantee vt.保证，担保；确保；为(产品)提供保修 n．保证，担保；保修单
　(单句语法填空/同义替换)
①I cannot guarantee _________ (work) for more than a year.
②If there should be something wrong with the digital camera while it is still ______ guarantee, we would repair it at our expense.
③Can you give me __ guarantee that the work will be finished on time
④We cannot ensure (that) our flights will never be delayed. _________
to work
under
a
guarantee
系统归纳 (1)guarantee to do sth./that ... 保证做某事；确保……
guarantee sb.sth./guarantee sth.to sb. 保证某人某事
be guaranteed to do sth. 肯定会做某事
(2)under guarantee 在保修期内
give sb.a guarantee that ... 向某人担保/保证……
2.accompany vt.陪同，陪伴；伴随，与……同时发生；为……伴奏
　(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①I don't think it's necessary for parents to accompany their children ___ college.
②While she was singing on the stage, her mother was accompanying her ______ the piano.
③Teresa posted a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website ____________ (accompany) by the touching words.
to
at/on
accompanied
④____________________________________________, the old lady felt lonely.
节日期间没有人陪伴她，这位老太太感到很孤独。
⑤A few minutes later, the storm broke ___________________________.
几分钟后，暴风雨伴随着雷声降临了。
With nobody accompanying her during the festival
accompanied with/by thunder
系统归纳 (1)accompany sb.＝keep pany 陪伴某人
accompany sb.to ... 陪伴某人到……
accompany sb.at/on sth. 用某物为某人伴奏
be accompanied with/by 伴随；与……同时发生
(2)companion n. 同伴，伴侣，陪伴
company n. 陪伴；公司
微点提醒 accompany是及物动词，不要在其后误加介词with；用于被动语态时，accompany后可接介词with或by。
3.abandon vt.中止，放弃，不再有；抛弃；舍弃 n．放纵，放任
　(单句语法填空/句式升级)
①My dad abandoned _________ (smoke) because of his poor health.
②The girls jumped up and down and waved their arms ______ abandon.
③He has sympathy for the pet dog which ______________ (abandon) by its owner.
smoking
with
was abandoned
④I abandoned myself to computer games.I performed extremely badly in the end－of－term examination.
→__________________________________, I performed extremely badly in the end－of－term examination.(现在分词短语作状语)
→___________________________，I performed extremely badly in the end－of－term examination.(过去分词短语作状语)
Abandoning myself to computer games
Abandoned to computer games
系统归纳 (1)abandon oneself to (doing) sth. 沉湎于(做)……；纵情于(做)……
abandon doing sth.　　 　 放弃做某事
with abandon 尽情地；放纵地
(2)abandoned adj. 被遗弃的；放纵的
be abandoned to (doing) sth. 沉湎于(做)……
微点提醒 短语abandon oneself to及be abandoned to 中的to为介词，其后可跟名词、代词或动名词。
4.ease n．容易，轻易；舒适，安逸 vi.& vt.(使)宽慰，减轻
　(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Now he can put his mind ___ ease because he has passed the examination _____ ease.
②Do write to your mother to ease her ___ her worry.
③Only in my home do I ___________.
我只有在自己家里才觉得自在。
④When you feel nervous, you'd better listen to some light music ____________________.
当你感到紧张时，你最好听些轻音乐使自己放松下来。
at
with
of
feel at ease
to put yourself at ease
系统归纳 (1)with ease　　　　 　　 轻易地；毫不费力地
at ease 舒适，悠闲，自在
put sb. at (one's) ease 使某人放松/自在
(2)ease sb. of ... 使某人消除/减轻……
5.break into闯入；破门而入
　(选词填空：break into, break away from, break down,
　break in, break out)
①After a fire _________ in the lab, a lot of equipment was destroyed.
②They called the police as soon as they heard someone ___________ their house.
③The computer ___________ suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.
④Don't ________ while others are talking.
⑤It is important for us to ________________ the old traditional ideas.
broke out
break into
broke down
break in
break away from
系统归纳 break up　　 　打碎；解散，驱散；结束；分手；拆开；放假
break down 出故障；失败；垮掉；分解
break in 破门而入；打断(谈话等)
break out 战争、火灾等爆发；发生(无被动语态)
break away from 脱离；挣脱
微点提醒 break into中into为介词，其后须接宾语；break in中in 为副词，为不及物动词短语，其后不接宾语，表示“强行闯入；打断(谈话等)”。
6.get down to (doing) sth.开始做某事，开始认真注意(或对待)某事
　(选词填空： get down to, get through, get away from,
　get across)
①We __________ all our usual Friday jobs list with his help ahead of time.
②It took me an hour to ___________ my intention to her.
③I love cities, but there are times when I need to get out into the countryside and ______________ the noise, the dirt and the people.
④It's time you ____________ some practice or the other students will leave you behind.
got through
get across
get away from
got down to
系统归纳 get sth. across (to sb.) 使理解；把某事表达清楚
get through 完成；熬过(困难时期)；通过；接通电话
get away with 摆脱；逃离
微点提醒 get down to doing sth.＝set out to do sth.＝set about doing sth.开始做某事
教材基础语法—再认再现基础牢
动词－ing形式作主语和宾语
　(完成句子)
①__________________________________ is considered a good habit.
早睡早起被认为是一个好习惯。
②_________________ to him; he never answers letters.
给他写信没用，他从不回信。
③My grandfather always holds the belief that ___________________ after supper.
我爷爷一直认为晚饭后下棋很好。
Going to bed early and getting up early
It is no use writing
it is good playing chess
④_____________________ she is very efficient.
不可否认，她很有效率。
⑤I _____________________________ my first English paper.
我的第一篇英语论文，从准备到写作花了若干天时间。
⑥How would you feel if moving to a new town ________________________ ______
如果搬到一个新的城镇意味着与朋友失去联系，你会作何感受？
There is no denying that
spent days preparing and writing
meant losing track of your friends
[谨记规则]
(1)动词－ing形式作主语一般表示经常性、习惯性的动作。
(2)单个的动词－ing形式(短语)作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
(3)动词－ing形式有时用it 作形式主语，而把动词－ing后置。
(4)动词－ing形式作宾语常用于一些固定搭配中。
复杂多变词汇—条分缕析逐点清
1．deserve vt.值得，应得
常见考法 deserve to do sth. 应该做某事；值得做某事
deserve to be done＝deserve doing ……值得被做
deserve consideration/attention 值得考虑/注意
升维考法 “deserve doing”结构是主动形式表示被动含义，它相当于deserve to be done。与deserve用法类似的单词还有：need, want, require, demand (需要)等。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/翻译句子)
①He doesn't deserve ______ (win) any respect from anybody just because he does not know how to respect others.
②There is no doubt that the man is guilty and that he deserves _________________________________ (punish)．
③无论一份工作多么普通，它在社会中都起着重要作用，所以值得我们的尊重。
No matter how ordinary a job is, it plays an important part in society and therefore deserves our respect.
to win
punishment/punishing/to be punished
?细练升维考法(一句多译)
④你在会上提出的这个建议值得考虑。
→This suggestion you put forward at the meeting ____________________.
→This suggestion you put forward at the meeting __________________.
→This suggestion you put forward at the meeting ______________________.
deserves consideration
deserves considering
deserves to be considered
2．adaptation n．改编本，改写本；适应
常见考法 (1)adapt to　　　　 　适应……，习惯于……
adapt oneself to (doing) sth. 使自己适应(做)……
adapt ...for ... 将……改编成……
adapt ...from ... 根据……改编……
(2)adaptable adj. 适应性强的；能适应的
升维考法 (1)与adapt词形相近的词是adopt, 二者都可以接to, 但词义差别较大。adapt ...to (doing) sth.意为“使……适应……”；adopt ...to do sth.意为“采纳……去做某事”。
(2)表示“习惯于……”的短语还有：be accustomed to; get/become used to; adjust (oneself) to。注意这些短语中的“to”均为介词。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①Mike, Mary and I had a discussion about the ___________ (adapt) of the classic literature yesterday.
②Third－culture kids may not be able to adapt __________ (they) completely to their new surroundings as expected.
③________ (adapt) from J．K.Rowling's book series of the same title, the Harry Potter movies are universally acknowledged as classics.
adaptation
themselves
Adapted
?细练升维考法(同义替换/选词填空：adapt, adopt)
④Taking some online courses of spoken Chinese can be helpful for you to adjust to the Chinese language environment.
adapt (yourself) to/be accustomed to; get/become used to; adjust (yourself) to
⑤All three teams _________ different approaches to the problem.
⑥The world will be different, and we will have to be prepared to ______ to the change.
adopted
adapt
3．upset adj.难过的，失望的 vt.使烦恼；搅乱；打翻
常见考法 (1)upset sb./oneself　使某人/自己感到不安
(2)be upset about/over/at sth. 为某事而苦恼
be upset to do sth. 对做某事感到不安
be upset that ... 对……苦恼
升维考法 (1)upset充当形容词时常用作表语，不能作定语。
(2)表示“让某人心烦的是……”时常用What upsets sb.is that ...或It upsets sb.to do sth./that ...。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①She was upset _____________ her failure in the English exam.
②The other day, all my plans ___________ (upset) by the sudden change of the weather.
③She was upset ________ (know) that her application for the position was turned down.
about/over/at
were upset
to know
?细练升维考法(句式升级)
④I don't know enough words and my grammar is also poor, which upsets me.
→_______________ I don't know enough words and my grammar is also poor.(it作形式主语)
→_____________________ I don't know enough words and my grammar is also poor.(what引导的主语从句)
It upsets me that
What upsets me is that
4．possess vt.具有(特质)；拥有；支配，控制
常见考法 (1)be possessed of　 　具有(某品质、能力等)
(2)possession n． 拥有，持有；(尤作复数)所有；财产
be in possession of 占有；拥有；持有
be in sb.'s possession＝be in the possession of sb.
为某人所有；在某人的控制下
take possession of 拥有；占有
升维考法 (1)possess不用于进行时。
(2)possession表示“占有，持有，拥有”时，是抽象名词，不可数；表示“财物”时，一般用复数形式。
(3)in possession of 表示主动，意为“拥有……；占有……”，主语通常为人；in the possession of 表示被动，意为“为某人所有”，主语通常为物。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Nadal, the famous tennis player, ___________ (possess) of great perseverance.
②Having been cheated by that company, he lost all his ___________ (possess)．
③As far as I know, the old man ________________________________ a large farm.
据我所知，这位老人拥有一个大型农场。
is possessed
possessions
takes possession of/is in possession of
?细练升维考法(句型转换)
④The company is in the possession of the young man standing over there.
→The young man standing over there is ______________ the company.
⑤Mr Bell has been in charge of the house for more than a year.
→The house has been ______________ Mr Bell for more than a year.
in possession of
in the charge of
5．rely on依赖，依靠；信任
常见考法 (1)rely on sb.to do sth./for sth. 指望/相信某人(做)某事
rely on (doing) sth. 依赖/信任/指望(做)某事
rely on it that ... 相信……；指望……
(2)reliable adj. 可信赖的；可依赖的；可靠的
升维考法 (1)rely on后接宾语从句时，一般先加it，再接宾语从句，用法类似的还有：appreciate, hate, dislike, love, like, depend on, see to等。
(2)rely on等同于depend on和count on。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/句型转换)
①To be honest, he is not a man who can ________ (rely) on.
②He always relies on his teacher ____ advice about how to learn English.
③We are looking for someone who is _______ (rely) and hard－working.
④We rely on him to finish the work today.
→We ________________________ the work today.
be relied
for
reliable
rely on it that he will finish
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空/完成句子)
⑤The government will see to __ that long－distance healthcare services cover all county－level hospitals.
⑥You may _____________ the work will be finished ahead of time.
你可以放心，这项工作将提前完成。
it
rely on it that
(1)形容词(短语)作状语，说明句子主语的特点或处于某种状态，可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等。
(2)形容词(短语)作状语时，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。
(3)形容词(短语)作状语与副词作状语的区别：前者表示主语的状态；后者在句中作状语通常修饰动词或整个句子。
经典增分句式—学通用活表达美
1．形容词(短语)作状语
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①The man managed to escape from the fire.He was extremely terrified and exhausted.
→The man managed to escape from the fire, _____________________________.
②I was too nervous.I couldn't think of anything at the beginning of the exam.
→___________, I couldn't think of anything at the beginning of the exam.
extremely terrified and exhausted
Too nervous
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③他既谦虚又平易近人，很快使大家完全放松下来。
__________________________, he soon put everyone completely at ease.
④由于受伤严重，一些乘客被立刻送往了最近的医院。
________________, some of the passengers were sent to the nearest hospital at once.
⑤急于去看日出，他们四点就起床了。
____________________, they got up at four.
Modest and easy to approach
Seriously injured
Eager to see the sunrise
2．as ...as ...引导比较状语从句
(1)as ... as ...引导比较状语从句，意为“像……一样……”。此句型的否定形式为not as/so ... as ...。
(2)as ... as ...的常见结构：
as＋adj.＋a(n)＋可数名词单数＋as ...
as many＋名词复数＋as ...
as much＋不可数名词＋as ...
as＋adj./adv.＋as＋sb./sth.
?通过题点训练明确规则用法
(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①As a matter of fact, I can't afford ___ expensive a car as his.
②In many sports physical fitness is not _____ important as technique.
③This dictionary is ________________ you think.
这本字典不如你想象的那样有用。
as
as/so
not as/so useful as
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
④入乡随俗。
When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
⑤他的英语说得不如你流利。
He doesn't speak English ___________________.
as/so fluently as you
2019·江苏高考·阅读理解D篇
The 65－year－old Steve Goodwin was found suffering from early Alzheimer's (阿尔兹海默症). He was losing his memory.
A software engineer by profession, Steve was a keen lover of the piano, and the only musician in his family. Music was his true passion, though he had never performed outside the family.
Melissa, his daughter, felt it more than worthwhile to save his music, to which she fell asleep each night when she was young. She thought about hiring a professional pianist to work with her father.
Naomi, Melissa's best friend and a talented pianist, got to know about this and showed willingness to help.
“Why do this？” Steve wondered.
“Because she cares.” Melissa said.
Steve nodded, tear in eye.
Naomi drove to the Goodwin home. She told Steve she'd love to hear him play. Steve moved to the piano and sat at the bench, hands trembling as he gently placed his fingers on the keys.
Naomi put a small recorder near the piano. Starts and stops and mistakes. Long pauses, heart sinking. But Steve pressed on, playing for the first time in his life for a stranger.
“It was beautiful，” Naomi said after listening to the recording. “The music was worth saving.”
Her responsibility, her privilege, would be to rescue it. The music was still in Steve Goodwin. It was hidden in rooms with doors about to be locked.
Naomi and Steve met every other week and spent hours together. He'd move his fingers clumsily on the piano, and then she'd take his place. He struggled to explain what he heard in his head. He stood by the piano, eyes closed, listening for the first time to his own work being played by someone else.
Steve and Naomi spoke in musical code: lines, beats, intervals, moving from the root to end a song in a new key. Steve heard it. All of it. He just couldn't play it.
Working with Naomi did wonders for Steve. It had excited within him the belief he could write one last song. One day, Naomi received an email. Attached was a recording, a recording of loss and love, of the fight. Steve called it “Melancholy Flower.”
Naomi heard multiple stops and starts. Steve struggling, searching while his wife Joni called him “honey” and encouraged him. The task was so hard, and Steve, angry and upset, said he was quitting. Joni praised him, telling her husband this could be his signature piece.
Naomi managed to figure out 16 of Steve's favorite, and most personal, songs. With Naomi's help, the Goodwin family found a sound engineer to record Naomi playing Steve's songs. Joni thought that would be the end. But it wasn't.
In the months leading up to the 2016 Oregon Repertory Singers Christmas concert, Naomi told the director she had a special one in mind: “Melancholy Flower.”
She told the director about her project with Steve. The director agreed to add it to the playing list. But Naomi would have to ask Steve's permission. He considered it an honor.
After the concert, Naomi told the family that Steve's music was beautiful and professional. It needed to be shared in public.
The family rented a former church in downtown Portland and scheduled a concert. By the day of the show, more than 300 people had said they would attend.
By then, Steve was having a hard time remembering the names of some of his friends. He knew the path his life was now taking. He told his family he was at peace.
Steve arrived and sat in the front row, surrounded by his family. The house lights faded. Naomi took the stage. Her fingers. His heart.
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位父亲因患阿尔兹海默症而逐渐失去记忆，女儿珍视父亲给她演奏过的那些陪伴她入睡的儿时音乐，为了让这温暖的“独家音乐”不失传，众人努力拯救“独家音乐”的感人故事。
1．Why did Melissa want to save her father's music
A．His music could stop his disease from worsening.
B．She wanted to please her dying old father.
C．His music deserved to be preserved in the family.
D．She wanted to make her father a professional.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，Melissa的父亲Steve是一位钢琴爱好者，是家里唯一一位音乐家，再根据第三段中的“felt it more than ...when she was young”可知，父亲Steve的音乐陪伴了Melissa的成长，因此Melissa觉得它对于这个家庭有着特别的意义，值得被保存。
答案：C　
2．After hearing Steve's playing, Naomi .
A．refused to make a comment on it
B．was deeply impressed by his music
C．decided to free Steve from suffering
D．regretted offering help to her friend
解析：细节理解题。根据第十段的“‘It was beautiful，’ ...‘The music was worth saving.’”可知，听完他的演奏之后，Naomi被他的音乐深深地打动了，故本题答案为B。
答案：B　
3．How can the process of Steve's recording be described
A．It was slow but productive.
B．It was beneficial to his health.
C．It was tiresome for Naomi.
D．It was vital for Naomi's career.
解析：细节理解题。根据第十二段中的“Naomi and Steve met ...his place.”及第十四段中的“Working with Naomi did ...one last song.”可知，音乐的录制过程缓慢，但是有成效。
答案：A　
4．Before Steve finished “Melancholy Flower，” his wife Joni .
A．thought the music talent of Steve was exhausted
B．didn't expect the damage the disease brought about
C．didn't fully realize the value of her husband's music
D．brought her husband's music career to perfection
解析：推理判断题。根据第十五段的内容以及第十六段的倒数第一、二句可知，在Steve进行音乐创作时，他泄气过，甚至说过要放弃，而他的妻子Joni仍然鼓励他和表扬他，并称这会是他的“签名之作”。Joni认为这会是她丈夫最后的创作，表明Joni之前并没有完全认识到Steve的音乐的价值。
答案：C　
5．How did Steve feel at the concert held in downtown Portland
A．He felt concerned about his illness.
B．He sensed a responsibility for music.
C．He regained his faith in music.
D．He got into a state of quiet.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后两段的内容尤其是倒数第二段中的“He told his family he was at peace.”可知，在音乐会上，他心情很平静。
答案：D　
6．What can be a suitable title for the passage
A．The Kindness of Friends
B．The Power of Music
C．The Making of a Musician
D．The Value of Determination
解析：标题归纳题。文章讲述了一位父亲因患阿尔兹海默症而逐渐失去记忆，为了让这温暖的“独家音乐”不失传，众人努力拯救“独家音乐”的感人故事。因此B项适合作文章的标题。
答案：B　
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
推理判断题的思维建模(第4题)
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的意思)
①(一词多义)He struggled to explain what he heard in his head. _____
②(熟词生义)Steve and Naomi spoke in musical code: lines, beats, intervals, moving from the root to end a song in a new key. ___
③(一词多义)He knew the path his life was now taking. _____
努力
调
夺走
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①suffer from　　　　　　 　 _____
②a keen lover of _________________
③get to know _________
④show willingness to __________
患有
……的狂热爱好者
逐渐了解
愿意……
三、寻结构破长句
The task was so hard, and Steve, angry and upset, said he was quitting.
抓标志：并列连词(第一个)_____ ；被省略的连接词that
判类型：简单句＋并列连词＋复合句(含有一个宾语从句)
试翻译：这个任务如此难，史蒂夫既生气又沮丧，说_________。
and
他要退出
四、赏佳句助写作
(赏结构之美)Attached was a recording, a recording of loss and love, of the fight.
赏析：句中过去分词Attached置于句首，句子采用了倒装形式，意在引起读者对附上的这段录音(关于失去和爱的录音、关于奋斗的录音)强烈的感情。有时为了强调，可将谓语部分，如现在分词、过去分词或不定式置于句首，从而构成倒装。
“课时作业”
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开始
选择性必修
UNIT 3　The art of painting
01
02
03
课前——语基自主落实
课堂——能力融会发展
课下——主题素养训练
一、背单词—多多益善
(一)易记词汇“一遍过”　
1．calling n．　　　　 职业，事业；使命感
2．scroll n. 长卷纸，卷轴
3．scale n. 规模，范围；等级，级别；标度；比例
4．crop n. 庄稼，作物；收成，产量
5．overall adj. 全面的，综合的
adv. 全部，总计；一般来说，大体上
6．setting n. 环境，背景；情节背景
7．wander vi.& vt. 闲逛，漫步；走神；蜿蜒曲折
8．decade n. 十年，十年期
9．mostly adv. 主要地，一般地
10．shade n. 阴影部分；色度；阴凉处
11．wage vt. 开始，发动
n. (通常指按周领的)工资，工钱
12．toast n. 吐司，烤面包片；干杯，祝酒
vt. 为……干杯；烤；取暖
13．raw adj. 未经加工的，自然状态的；生的，未烹制的
14．wind vi.&vt. 蜿蜒，迂回；上发条；缠绕
15．crisis n．(pl.crises) 危机，危急关头；危难时刻，病危期
16．career n. 经历，事业；生涯，职业
17．vision n. 远见卓识；视力，视野；想象
(二)挑战词汇“三遍熟”　
1．portrait n．　　　 肖像，半身画像；详细的描述，描绘
2．civilian n. 平民，老百姓，庶民
3．perspective n. 透视法；态度，观点；客观判断力；景观，远景
4．like－minded adj. 想法相同的，志趣相投的
5．brushwork n. (画家的)笔触，画法
6．landscape n. 乡村风景画；风景，景色
7．display vt. 陈列，展出；显示，表现
n. 陈列，展览；表现；展示
8．architecture n. 建筑设计，建筑风格；建筑学
9．insight n. 洞悉，了解；洞察力，领悟
10．apparent adj. 显而易见，明白易懂，显然
11．precise adj. 细致的，精细的；准确的，精确的；恰好的
12．enormous adj. 巨大的，庞大的
13．structure n. 建筑物；结构，构造；精心组织
14．decline n. 衰退，衰落，减少，下降
vi.&vt. 减少，下降，衰退，衰落；谢绝
15．overthrow vt. 推翻，打倒
n. 推翻，打倒
16．outstanding adj. 优秀的，杰出的；突出的，明显的
17．campaign n. (宣传)活动，运动；战役
vt.&vi. 　 发起运动，参加活动
(三)变形词汇“寻规记”　
1．oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量→________ adj.截然不同的；强烈反对的→__________ n．反对，相反，敌对
2．employ v．运用，使用；雇用→_________ n．雇主→_________ n．雇员→___________ adj.失业的→____________ n．雇用；工作，职业→_____________ n．失业
3．essence n．本质，精髓；香精，精油→________ adj.必要的，本质的→_________ adv.实质上；本来
4．vivid adj.鲜明的，耀眼的；生动的→_______ adv.鲜明地，耀眼地；生动地→_________ n．鲜明；生动；活泼；逼真
opposed
opposition
employer
employee
unemployed
employment
unemployment
essential
essentially
vividly
vividness
5．bathe vt.以(光线)洒满，覆盖，使沐浴(在光线里)；用水清洗→______ n．洗澡；沐浴
6．arrange vt.& vi.整理，布置；安排，筹备→____________ n．布置；整理→________ adj.安排的
7．sail vi.& vt.(乘船)航行；起航；驾驶(船只)；飘，掠 n．帆；乘船航行→_____ n．水手；海员；船员
8．inspect vt.检查；视察→__________ n．检查，查看，审视；视察→_________ n．检查员，巡视员
9．expose vt.揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露；使遭受；使接触→________ adj.暴露的；无遮蔽的→_________ n．暴露；揭露
bath
arrangement
arranged
sailor
inspection
inspector
exposed
exposure
10．politics n．政治(学)→________ adj.政治的，政府的，政权的；政党的，党派的→_________ n．政治家
11．exhibit v．展览；展出；开展览会→__________ n．展览，展出
12．rare adj.稀少的，罕见的；稀罕的，珍贵的→______ adv.少有地；稀少地
13．history n．历史→_______ adj.历史上著名的；有史时期的→_________ adj.历史的；有关历史研究的→___________ adv.从历史角度，以历史观点，在历史上
14．real adj.真的，真正的→______ adv.真正地→_______ n．真实，现实→________ adj.逼真的，栩栩如生的；现实的，实际的；明智的→_______ vt.实现
political
politician
exhibition
rarely
historic
historical
historically
really
reality
realistic
realize
15．dominate vt.& vi.在……中具有最重要(或明显)的特色；支配，控制；占有优势；俯视→____________ n．支配，管辖，控制→__________ n．统治者，支配者
16．neighbour n．邻居→_____________ adj.邻近的；接壤的→______________ (AmE _____________) n．街区，城区；邻近的地方
17．strike vt.&vi.(struck, struck) 突然想到；撞，碰；打；突击；罢工；划(火柴) n．罢工；袭击；击，打→________ adj.惊人的；惹人注目的
18．liberate v．解放，使自由，释放→_________ adj.被解放的；被释放的→_________ n．解放，摆脱
domination
dominator
neighbouring
neighbourhood
neighborhood
striking
liberated
liberation
19．worthy adj.值得(或应得)……的；值得尊敬的，值得注意的→_______ adj.值得……的→__________ adj.值得的
20．comprehend v．理解；领悟；懂→_______________ n．理解；包含→ ______________ adj.全面的，详尽的；综合性的→ _______________ adv.完全地；彻底地
21．critic n．批评家，评论家；批评者，挑剔的人→_______ adj.批评的；危险的；决定性的→________ adv.批判性地；苛求地；严重地→________ v．批评，对好坏作出评价
worth
worthwhile
comprehension
comprehensive
comprehensively
critical
critically
criticise
(四)联想词汇“一线牵”　
1．找词源，看hood
①neighbourhood　　　　 街区
②childhood 童年
③adulthood 成年
④manhood 男子气概
⑤brotherhood 手足之情
2．“形”相近，“意”相远
①wander漫步→wonder想知道
②adapt适合→adopt收养
③dessert甜点→desert沙漠
④fellow家伙→follow跟随
3．高频词，说优秀
①outstanding　　　　　 优秀的
②talented 有才能的
③excellent 优秀的
④gifted 有天赋的
⑤intelligent 聪明的
二、背词块—丰富表达
1．_____________________________________　　　　
给某人留下深刻的印象
2．________ 在近处，很近地
3．__________ 与……一起
4．_____________ (表示对比)而，相对于
5．________ 导致，造成
6．_________ 巧妙地利用/新奇地运用……
7．_________________ 可以自由地利用/使用
leave/make a deep/strong impression on sb.
up close
along with
as opposed to
result in
play with
have free access to
8．_______ 捡起，拾起，拿起
9．_____________ 各行各业，社会各界
10．____________ 忙于做某事，继续做某事
11．_________ 幸亏，由于
12．____________ 乍一看，初看时；初次见到
13．_____________ 碰撞某物，撞击某物
14．___________ 暗示某事，预示某事
pick up
all walks of life
go about sth.
thanks to
at first sight
crash into sth.
point to sth.
15．_________ 在下降
16．___________ 由……引起(或造成)
17．________________ 凭自身的资格(或努力)
18．____________ 完好无损
19．___________________ 　 充分说明，清楚表明
in decline
be down to
in one's own right
in one piece
speak volumes about
?联想串记
1．“原因，结果”短语串记
①result in　　　　　 导致
②result from 起因于
③as a result 结果
④as a consequence 因此，结果
⑤lead to 导致
2．“v.＋ about”短语集锦
①go about sth.　　　 忙于做某事
②think about 考虑
③argue about/over 为……争论/辩论
④bring about 带来，造成
⑤complain about 抱怨/投诉
3．to为介词的短语荟萃
①be down to　　　　　 由……引起(或造成)
②object to 反对
③devote ...to 把……奉献于
④be/get used to 习惯于
⑤be accustomed to 习惯于
三、背好句好段—增分写作
(一)背好句—有“话”好好说　
1．while引导让步状语从句
教材原句 While it was hard to pick a favourite painting out of so many amazing works ...
虽然从这么多令人称奇的作品中很难选出一幅最喜欢的……
推荐佳句 (新教材外研版必修3佳句)In fact, more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple, there is no proof that it hit him on the head.
事实上，不止一处资料显示，虽然牛顿的灵感确实来源于掉落的苹果，但没有证据表明这个苹果恰巧砸在了他的脑袋上。
教材原句 It is amazing that every time Monet studied this simple scene, he brought the pond's beauty to the canvas in a unique way.
令人赞叹的是，莫奈每次端详睡莲池这处简单的风景，都以独特的方式让它的美跃然于画布之上。
推荐佳句 (新教材外研版必修3佳句)Perhaps the meal you said was “delicious” will be served every time you visit.
也许被你评价为“很好吃”的菜肴会在你每次到访时都出现在餐桌上。
2.every time引导时间状语从句
教材原句 Although the paintings had very different settings, it was their similarities that stayed with me long after I left the Musée d'Orsay ...
尽管这两幅画的背景截然不同，但在我离开奥赛博物馆后很长一段时间里，一直萦绕着我的却是它们的相似之处……
推荐佳句 (新教材外研版选择性必修2佳句) It was from then on that his grandchildren started to be in control of what to do with the money they receive: spend, save, invest or give
从那时起，他的孙子孙女们就开始自己掌控如何处理所得的钱：用于消费、储蓄、投资还是给予他人？
3.强调句型： It was ...that ...
教材原句 Such is its worth that several later emperors even asked the most talented artists of their day to make copies of the scroll.
这幅画价值如此之高，以至于后世有几位皇帝甚至命令当朝最有才华的画家来临摹这幅长卷。
推荐佳句 (2020·全国卷Ⅰ)So responsible a teacher was he that we were all deeply moved.
他是一位如此负责任的老师，以至于我们都深受感动。
4.“so/such ... that”结构中的倒装
(二)背好段—有“情”慢慢聊　
情感表达之“困惑”
Much to my surprise, Evelyn added that she thought it was cool when I talked to my parents with my hands. I breathed a sigh of relief. “Do you really think so？” I asked cautiously, still in doubt. Evelyn nodded with a serious look on her face. “It's like a secret code. Would you teach me some sign languages, please？” Staring at her with confusion, I hesitated.
[点评]　本段中使用了一般疑问句，以及in doubt, with confusion等表达描写了作者的困惑心情。常用的描写人物困惑的词汇有：puzzled, confused, at a loss等。
四、语基课前自查——摸底训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．After the War of __________ (解放), people lived a peaceful life.
2．The paintings that David donated to the school are being __________ (展出) in the assembly hall.
3．When she entered the dark room, fear ___________ (支配) her straight away.
4．We need to use our ____ (未经加工的) materials in the best possible way, otherwise they will be soon used up.
Liberation
displayed
dominated
raw
5．To my surprise, I invited him to dine, but he _________ (谢绝) my invitation with thanks.
6．In hot, sunny climates, wide－edged hats provide _______ (阴凉处) from the sun.
7．According to the new policy, there are extra benefits for people on low ______ (工资)．
8．Studying history can give us _______ (洞察力) into why our culture does certain things, and how the past has shaped it into what we know now.
declined
shade
wages
insight
9．The basketball coach, as well as his team, was interviewed shortly after the match for their ___________ (杰出的) performance.
10．They travelled over snow－covered mountains and ______ (航行) hundreds of miles up icy rivers.
11．Thank you for helping make it a remarkable company now and for _______ (数十年) to come.
12．From the sky, we can see that the Yellow River ______ (蜿蜒) its way down to the sea.
13．It took him a year to build his plane, using ______ (主要地) recycled materials.
outstanding
sailed
decades
winds
mostly
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Various brands of watches are now ___ display in the shop windows.
2．The boy fell, _______ (strike) his head on the edge of the table.
3．They accused him of having a prejudice against his women _________ (employ)．
4．At that moment, they saw a penniless young man __________ (wander) on the pavement outside their house.
5．Hard work is ________ (essence) for a student's academic success.
on
striking
employees
wandering
essential
6．___________ (apparent) the boy was hiding something from us.
7．I deal with customers on the phone and _____ (rare) meet them face－to－face.
8．The children have made ______________ (arrange) for their trip to the Great Wall.
9．________ (critic) thinking is the most important thinking skill you need for your life.
10．The end of World War Ⅱ was a ________ (history)event which is still remembered today.
11．The sun began to rise in the sky, _______ (bathe) the mountain in golden light.
Apparently
rarely
arrangements
Critical
historic
bathing
Ⅲ.词汇拓展训练
1．An increase in crime is one of the results of _____________, so the government and the __________ should pay more attention to the ___________.(employ)
2．Robert is a very _________ man and one of his _________ is to travel in the Antarctic.(ambition)
3．It's _________ that the meeting will be held on July 5th, so we must make _____________ for everything before July 4th.(arrange)
unemployment
employers
employment
ambitious
ambitions
arranged
arrangements
4．The doctor tells me not to ______ my skin in the hot sun in summer, because the _________ to the sunlight can hurt my skin, so I don't make myself ________ to the sunlight in summer.(expose)
5．In _____ life, if you respect _______ and ______work hard, you are bound to _______ your dream.(real)
expose
exposure
exposed
real
reality
really
realize
6．They planned to march on and ________ the city.Only ___________ can free the people there from their sufferings.(liberate)
7．At first, her parents _________ her going to Beijing.But they were not ________ to her going to Shanghai.(oppose)
8．He is a novelist who can ________ describe a landscape.In his novels, he always gives a ______ description of what he has experienced.(vivid)
liberate
liberation
opposed
opposed
vividly
vivid
Ⅳ.选词填空
1．He will ________ his post as the head of the civil courts at the end of next month.
2．He is athletic _____________ his deskmate, who is very quiet.
3．There is no doubt that the best prize in life is the opportunity to dedicate to a career that ___________ dedication.
as opposed to， be struck by， up close， at first sight， result in， along with， take up， all walks of life， be worthy of， pick up， lay eyes on
take up
as opposed to
is worthy of
4．To observe sea life _________, people have made different kinds of special equipment.
5．If left untreated, the illness will eventually ________ blindness.
6．The visitors ______________ the city's beauty immediately they arrived there.
7．He __________ his cap from the floor and stuck it back on his head.
up close
result in
were struck by
picked up
8．You and I feel like old friends ____________ and are destined to be very good cooperative partners.
9．Our local government received many letters of congratulations from ______________.
10．I fell in love with that painting from the moment I ___________ it.
11．___________ your wonderful innovation, you need to hand in a report, explaining how you came up with the idea.
at first sight
all walks of life
laid eyes on
Along with
Ⅴ.多维表达
1．(完成句子)_____________ some new rules will come into operation next month.
据说一些新的规章制度将于下个月生效。
2．(完成句子)To be honest, I don't like _________________________________.
老实说，我不喜欢他跟我说话的方式。
3．(完成句子)_____________________________________________, some people doubt whether they can adjust easily to the new age of workforce.(while)
尽管专家们主张推迟退休年龄，但一些人怀疑自己能否轻松适应新的劳动力年龄。
It is said that
the way that/in which he speaks to me
While experts advocate delaying the retirement age
4．(完成句子)Please don't consult a dictionary _____________________________. (every time)
请不要每次遇到生词就查词典。
5．(完成句子)Overusing smartphones _____________________________________
______________________________ .(not only ...but also ...)
过度使用智能手机不仅占用了我们宝贵的时间，而且对我们的健康也有很大的危害。
every time you meet a new word
not only takes up our valuable time, but also does great harm to our health
6．(句式升级)If you want to be a champion, that little extra thing you have done in your preparation will set you apart from your competitors.
→_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (升级为强调句)
7．(句式升级)It was such a cold day that there was nobody in the street.
→___________________________________________________ (升级为倒装句)
If you want to be a champion, it's that little extra thing you have done in your preparation that will set you apart from your competitors.
Such a cold day was it that there was nobody in the street.
中档保分词汇—自查自纠无盲点
1．wander vi.& vt.闲逛，漫步；走失；走神；蜿蜒曲折 n．游荡；闲逛
　(写出下列句中加黑部分的含义)
①Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment. ___________
②The child wandered off and got lost，which made her parents very worried. _____
③I went to the park and had a wander around. ___________
④She drove with her mind wandering, which caused an accident. _____
漫游；闲逛
走失
游荡；闲逛
走神
系统归纳 wander around/about　 　徘徊，游荡
wander away 走散
wander off/from ... 偏离……
微点提醒 表示“闲逛”的短语还有：hang out/about/around。
2.bathe vt.以(光线)洒满，覆盖，使沐浴(在光线里)；用水清洗
　(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①After the match, _______ (bathe) with sweat, he had a cool shower.
②The village was bathed ___ brilliant sunshine.
③I shall have a hot ______ (bathe) and go to bed.
④On hot days we often _______________ in the swimming pool.
在炎热的天气里我们经常去游泳池游泳。
bathed
in
bath
bathe/go bathing
系统归纳 (1)go bathing 去(海里、河里、湖里等)游泳
be bathed in/with 　沉浸于，沐浴于
(2)bath n. 洗澡；沐浴；浴盆
have/take a bath＝have/take a shower 洗澡
3.apparent adj.显而易见，明白易懂，显然
　(单句语法填空/同义替换/句型转换)
①Then, for no _________ (apparently) reason, the train suddenly stopped.
②Carelessness is __________ (apparent) bad because it always leads to failure, but on the other hand, failure can teach us a good lesson.
③It was apparent to everyone that the child had been badly treated.
__________________
④Apparently, young children can't control themselves when they play video games.
→________________ young children can't control themselves when they play video games.
apparent
apparently
obvious/clear/evident
It's apparent that
系统归纳 (1)It's apparent that ... 　显而易见的是……
(2)apparently adv. 显然地；显而易见地
微点提醒 apparent的同义词常见的有：obvious, evident, clear等。
4.decline n．衰退，衰落，减少，下降 vi.& vt.减少，下降，衰退，衰落；谢绝
(1)写出下列句中decline的词性和含义
①There has been a sharp decline in profits this year. _______
②We asked her to come to our party, but she declined. _______
③The number of staff has declined from 217,000 to 114,000. _______
④His health has begun to decline because he is old. _______
n.下降
vt.谢绝
vi.下降
vi.衰退
(2)同义替换/完成句子
⑤The number of tourists to the place reduced by 10% last year. _______
⑥She ____________________ with her friend, saying that she wasn't feeling well.
她拒绝和她的朋友一起吃午餐，说她感觉身体不舒服。
declined
declined to have lunch
系统归纳 (1)on the decline＝in decline 下降；处于衰退中
a decline in…… 方面的下降/减少
go/fall into decline 衰退
(2)decline to do sth. 拒绝做某事
decline by/to ... 下降了/下降到……
微点提醒 decline表示“谢绝”时，已含有“拒绝接受”之意，其后一般不接to accept，以免语义重复。
5.thanks to幸亏，由于
　(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①I'd love to go to the party. Thanks ___ your inviting me.
②Thanks ___ their support and help, we were not so badly off during the past decade.
for
to
③________________________________________________, we lived the school life to the fullest, without regrets left.
多亏了同学们的努力和老师们的帮助，我们过着充实的校园生活，未留遗憾。
④The town was cut off from the rest of the world ______________________ ____________________________.
由于暴雪，这个小镇与外界隔绝了。
Thanks to all the classmates' efforts and teachers' help
due to/owing to/because of/on account of the heavy snow
系统归纳 (1)thanks for　　 　因为……而表示感谢
(2)due to＝because of＝on account of＝owing to
由于；因为
6.pick up卷起；掀起；捡起，拾起；接收(信号)；(偶然)学会；得到；整理；(用车)接；(身体)好转；买到；(跌倒后)慢慢站起身
(1)写出下列句中加黑部分的含义
①The room must be picked up before the guests arrive. _____
②My radio can pick up the BBC programmes clearly. _____
③The school bus picks up the children three times every day. _______
④It's surprising that your brother picked up Russian so quickly — he hasn't lived there very long. ____________
⑤Business has been depressing but they expect it to pick up again before Christmas. ________
收拾
收听
用车接
(无意中)学会
情况好转
(2)选词填空(pick out, pick off, pick from, pick up)
⑥A waiter brought you food and drink that you ___________ a menu.
⑦He has _________ slowly since he came out of hospital.
⑧All the best apples have been __________ by the children.
⑨The detective _________ the words with difficulty.
picked from
picked up
picked off
picked out
系统归纳 pick out　 　　挑出；辨别出；挑选；领会；理解
pick off 摘掉；摘下来
pick from 从……中挑选
pick over 精挑细选
教材基础语法—再认再现基础牢
动词－ing形式和动词－ed 形式作表语
　(用所给词的适当形式填空/完成句子)
①The situation both at home and abroad is very ________ (inspire)．
②What pleases him most is _______ (bathe) in the sea.
③He looked ________ (puzzle) so I repeated the question.
④Ladies and gentlemen, please remain ______ (seat) until the plane has come to a complete stop.
inspiring
bathing
puzzled
seated
⑤His words are ____________, which made many people ___________. (discourage)
⑥We were ____________ at the result of the experiment, because it was a bit too _____________.(disappoint)
⑦My grandfather ___________________ I passed my exams.
我祖父听到我通过考试感到很高兴。
⑧I _________________ the film I saw last night.
我对昨晚看的电影很失望。
discouraging
discouraged
disappointed
disappointing
was delighted to hear
was disappointed at
[谨记规则]
(1)现在分词作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等。作表语的现在分词许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。
(2)动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作，一般说明主语的内容。
(3)动词－ed形式作表语，表示主语的心理或所处的状态。
复杂多变词汇—条分缕析逐点清
1．strike vt.& vi.突然想到；撞，碰；打；突击；罢工；划(火柴) n．罢工；袭击；击，打
常见考法 (1)be struck by ... 　 　被……打动/迷住了
It strikes sb. that ... 某人突然想起……
strike ... into one's heart 使某人对……刻骨铭心
(2)be on strike 在罢工
go on strike 举行罢工
(3)stricken adj. 受灾的
striking adj. 显著的，惊人的
升维考法 “某人突然想起……”的表达有：
It strikes sb. that ...; It occurs to sb. that ...; It hits sb. that ...; sb. hits on/upon sth.
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/句式升级)
①So ________ (strike) is the overall development in China that they feel eager to familiarize themselves with what is going on in China.
②Hundreds of rescue workers are being sent to the ________ (strike) area.
③Mount Tai strikes its beauty beyond description _____ my heart.
④I thought of a good idea that we would visit the newly－opened national park.
→___________ that we would visit the newly－opened national park.
⑤He was struck by the beauty of the poem and forgot to have dinner.
→______________________________, he forgot to have dinner.(过去分词作状语)
striking
stricken
into
It struck me
Struck by the beauty of the poem
?细练升维考法(一句多译)
⑥John突然想起，他们可以帮助 Bernard为他的爆米花做广告。
→__________________ they could help Bernard advertise his popcorn.(strike)
→______________ they could help Bernard advertise his popcorn.(hit)
→______________________ they could help Bernard advertise his popcorn.(occur)
It struck John that
It hit John that
It occurred to John that
2．employ vt.运用，使用；雇用
常见考法 (1)employ sb.as ... 雇用某人担任……(职位)
employ sb.to do sth. 雇用某人做某事
employ oneself in (doing) sth.＝be employed in (doing) sth.
忙于(做)某事；从事于(做)某事
(2)employment n. 工作，聘请，雇用
employer n. 雇主
employee n. 雇员
unemployment n. 失业
升维考法 “－ee” “－er”意不同
①后缀ee附于动词后，表示动作的受动者，如employee“雇员”；
②动作的施动者常在动词后加后缀er/or，如employer“雇主”。
再如：interviewee n．“参加面试者；接受采访者”； interviewer n．“主持面试者；采访者”。
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/词汇/句式升级)
①For the past three years he has been employed ___ a firefighter.
②The fear of ______________ (employment) can be a source of deep anxiety to people.
③A number of people have been employed _______ (deal) with this difficult project.
as
unemployment
to deal
④Because he was busy with a very important experiment, he would not attend the party.
→Because he _____________________ a very important experiment, he would not attend the party.(employ)
→_________________ a very important experiment, he would not attend the party.(分词短语作状语)
was employed in doing
Employed in doing
?细练升维考法
(选词填空：employer, employee, interviewer, interviewee)
⑤An interview is a conversation between an _________ and a potential __________, which allows the ___________to assess the job applicant to see if the ___________ is suitable for the position.
employer
employee
interviewer
interviewee
3．arrange vt.& vi.整理，布置；安排，筹备
常见考法 (1)arrange sth. for sb. 　 为某人安排某事
arrange to do sth. 安排做某事
arrange for ... to do sth. 安排……做某事
It is/was arranged that ... 商定/说好……
(2)arrangement n. 安排；筹备；布置；整理
make arrangements for ... 为……做安排
升维考法 (1)表示“安排某人/某物做某事”不能用arrange sb./sth.to do sth.，而应用arrange for sb./sth.to do sth.结构。
(2)make arrangements (for sth./for sb.to do sth.)中的arrangement常用复数形式。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①If you are interested, please sign up at the office before 5：00 p．m. next Thursday so that we will make necessary _____________ (arrange)．
②For your visit here, we have arranged for you _______ (take) part in a variety of activities.
③Parents arrange everything _____ children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success.
④__________________ they should leave for Shenyang the following morning.
已安排好他们第二天早上动身去沈阳。
arrangements
to take
for
It was arranged that
?细练升维考法(一句多译)
⑤杰克将安排出租车10点在公共汽车站接我们。
→Jack will _____________________________ at 10 o'clock at the bus station.(arrange)
→Jack will _____________________________________ at 10 o'clock at the bus station.(arrangement)
arrange for a taxi to pick us up
make arrangements for a taxi to pick us up
4．expose vt.揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露；使遭受；使接触
常见考法 (1)expose ... to ...　 　使……接触……
expose oneself to ... 使自己面临……；使自己暴露于……
(2)be exposed to 遭受到；(使)接触到
升维考法 (1)上述短语中的to均为介词，后应跟名词、代词或动名词。
(2)expose oneself to ...与be exposed to ...都可表示“暴露于”，注意这二者在句中作状语时，形式分别为exposing oneself to ...与exposed to ...。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①Some people think we shouldn't expose the children to _______ (play) computer games.
②_____________ (expose) to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may influence genes in human body.
③The more birds ____________ (expose) to light, the more active they are at night.
playing
Being exposed
are exposed
?细练升维考法(句式升级)
④If you expose yourself to the sunlight for a long time, you will get your skin harmed.
→If you ______________________________________, you will get your skin harmed.(被动语态)
→___________________________________________, you will get your skin harmed.(现在分词短语作状语)
→__________________________________, you will get your skin harmed.(过去分词短语作状语)
are exposed to the sunlight for a long time
Exposing yourself to the sunlight for a long time
Exposed to the sunlight for a long time
经典增分句式—学通用活表达美
1．while引导让步状语从句
(1)while用作并列连词，表示前后分句的对比或转折，意为“然而；可是”；
(2)while用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”；
(3)while用作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管；虽然”，此时只用于句首；
(4)while用作从属连词，引导条件状语从句，表示“只要”。
注意：while还可用作名词，意为“(一段)时间”。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①The Internet is of great help to us.But I don't think it is a good idea to spend too much time on it.
→__________________________________, I don't think it is a good idea to spend too much time on it.
②Every day we have the choice of building a fence or a bridge.One leads to separation and anger.The other leads to openness and friendship.
→Every day we have the choice of building a fence or a bridge.One leads to separation and anger _________________________________________.
While the Internet is of great help to us
while the other leads to openness and friendship
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③青年人常思将来，老年人常思既往。
Young people often look ahead to the future _________________________
___________.
④只要我们紧密地团结在一起，一定能克服这些困难。
We can surely overcome these difficulties ________________________.
⑤当我正在浏览网上新闻时，弹出了一个汽车广告。
_______________________________________, up came an advertisement for cars.
while the elderly look back on the past
while we are closely united
While I was looking through the news online
2．强调句型：It's ...that/who ...
(1)强调句型的基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分，多用于强调句子的主语、宾语和状语。
(2)强调句型的一般疑问句结构：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？
(3)强调句型的特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？
(4)not ... until ...结构的强调句型：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋句子其他部分。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
(升级为强调句)
①They couldn't cross the river because the water had risen.
→__________________________________ they couldn't cross the river.
②People say，“Guilin's scenery is peerless in the world.” Not until I visited the place did I find it really worthy of the reputation.
→People say，“Guilin's scenery is peerless in the world.”______________
________________________________________________________
It was because the water had risen that
It was not until I visited the place that I found it really worthy of the reputation.
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③但就是这种失败感使他决心在新的生活中取得成功。
But ___________________________ made him determined to succeed in his new life.
④我们上次相聚是在五年前吗？
______________________ we got together last time
it was this sense of failure that
Was it five years ago that
⑤那个病人看上去好多了。是什么让他变成今天这样的呢？
The patient looks much better._____________ has made him what he is today
⑥直到我在求职中再次失败，我才意识到知识是有价值的。
_____________________________________________________ I realized knowledge is valuable.
What is it that
It was not until I had another failure in my job－seeking that
2020·全国卷Ⅱ·完形填空
It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo，” whose real name cannot be 1 to the public because of Italy's privacy laws, 2 working the whole night at a factory in Turin. As he often did, he stopped by the “after work auction (拍卖)” 3 by the Italian police where things 4 on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. There, among many other things, Nicolo spotted two paintings he thought would look 5 above his dining room table. Nicolo and another bidder 6 until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32.
When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily, he 7 the paintings with him. He hung them above the same table he had 8 from Turin. His son, age 15, who had 9 an art appreciation class, thought that there was something 10 about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair. It was signed (签名) “Bonnato” or so he thought, but when he 11 it, he only found “Bonnard，” a French 12 he had never heard of. He bought a book and was 13 to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same 14 as his father's painting.
“That's the garden in our picture，” Nicolo's son told his father. They 15 learned that the painting they 16 was called “The Girl with Two Chairs.” They 17 the other painting and learned that it was 18 Paul Gauguin's “Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog.” The 19 called the Italian Culture Ministry; the official confirmed that the paintings were 20 and worth as much as D|S50 million.
(选用了20个空的完形，不是疏于对高考的把握，而是基于让学生多积词汇的考量)
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。工人“Nicolo”无意中在意大利警察所经营的拍卖会上得到了两幅画，最后经过鉴定，两幅画都是大师的原作，价值不菲。
1．A.attached　　　　　　　 B．allocated
C．exposed D．submitted
解析：根据下文的“because of Italy's privacy laws”可知，由于意大利隐私法，他的真名不能被透露。
答案：C　
2．A.finished B．delayed
C．considered D．tried
解析：根据下文的“after work auction(拍卖)”可知，他是工作结束后去的拍卖会。
答案：A　
3．A.attended B．reserved
C．cancelled D．run
解析：根据语境，应该是意大利警察所经营的一个拍卖会。run“经营，管理”。
答案：D　
4．A.shown B．found
C．kept D．hidden
解析：根据“ ________ by the Italian police”可推断，拍卖的东西应是在火车上找到的。
答案：B　
5．A.nice B．familiar
C．useful D．real
解析：根据语境及常识可知，Nicolo发现了两幅画，他认为挂在餐桌上方会很好看。
答案：A　
6．A.battled B．debated
C．discussed D．bargained
解析：根据下文的“Nicolo finally won the paintings”可知，Nicolo 和另外一个竞标者是在竞争。battle“竞争”。
答案：A　
7．A.held B．left
C．registered D．brought
解析：根据上文“When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily”以及下文“He hung them above the same table he had __________ from Turin.”可推测，Nicolo把两幅画和那个餐桌都从Turin 带到了 Sicily。
答案：D　
8．A.chosen B．received
C．ordered D．moved
解析：参见上题解析。
答案：D　
9．A.missed B．failed
C．taken D．led
解析：他的儿子上过艺术鉴赏课。take“学习，上(课程)”。
答案：C　
10．A.concrete B．unusual
C．unappealing D．natural
解析：根据“His son, age 15, who had __________ an art appreciation class”可知，他的儿子上过艺术鉴赏课，觉得这幅画不同寻常。
答案：B　
11．A.appreciated B．touched
C．researched D．witnessed
解析：根据“It was signed(签名)‘Bonnato’ or so he thought”可知，Nicolo的儿子去查了这个签名，但是查到的只有“Bonnard”，一个他从未听说过的法国画家。
答案：C　
12．A.painter B．designer
C．author D．actor
解析：参见上题解析。
答案：A　
13．A.expected B．surprised
C．anxious D．ready
解析：根据语境及下文“That's the garden in our picture”可推测，Nicolo 的儿子买的一本书中有Pierre Bonnard的一幅图片，图片中的椅子和花园跟Nicolo得到的画中的一模一样，这应该是让人惊讶的。
答案：B　
14．A.room B．kitchen
C．hall D．garden
解析：参见上题解析。上文“on a garden chair”和下文“That's the garden”也是提示。
答案：D　
15．A.apparently B．confidently
C．eventually D．temporarily
解析：根据语境可知， Nicolo 父子最终(eventually)知道了画的名字。
答案：C　
16．A.owned B．borrowed
C．sold D．stole
解析：根据语境可知，应该是他们拥有的画。
答案：A　
17．A.collected B．cleaned
C．framed D．studied
解析：根据语境可知，他们调查了第一幅画和它的作者之后，又去研究另外一幅画。frame“给(图画或照片)配框”。
答案：D　
18．A.suitably B．actually
C．rightly D．specifically
解析：根据语境可知，他们研究了另外一幅画，得知这幅画实际上是 Paul Gauguin 的作品。
答案：B　
19．A.girl B．artist
C．family D．police
解析：根据下文可知，应该是父子俩打电话去意大利文化部求证画的真伪。只有 family 可以指代文中出现的父子俩。
答案：C　
20．A.copies B．originals
C．models D．presents
解析：根据“the official confirmed”可知，官方证实这两幅画是画家原作。
答案：B　
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
行文逻辑题的思维建模(第15题)
思维建模 模型应用
第一步：顺句意 理解基本句意 他们 了解到，他们拥有的那幅画叫做 《女孩和两把椅子》。
第二步：找依据 根据上下文逻辑关系找依据 上文提到Nicolo的儿子为了弄清楚这位画家费了不小的气力进行研究。下文提到他们弄清楚了原委。根据语境可知，Nicolo 父子最终知道了画的名字。
第三步：会辨析 辨析选项词汇的意义，做出选择 apparently“显然地”，confidently“自信地”， eventually“最终”，temporarily“暂时地”。 故选C。
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的意思)
①(熟词生义)As he often did, he stopped by the “after work auction” run by the Italian police where things found on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. __________
②(一词多义)There, among many other things, Nicolo spotted two paintings he thought would look nice above his dining room table. _____
③(熟词生义)Nicolo and another bidder battled until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32. _____
经营；管理
发现
竞争
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①be exposed to　　　　　　　 ________
②stop by __________
③an art appreciation class ________________
④something unusual _____________
⑤or so ___________
⑥hear of ______
⑦as much as ______
曝光于
顺便访问
一堂艺术鉴赏课
不寻常的事情
大概；大约
听说
多达
三、寻结构破长句
1．His son, age 15, who had taken an art appreciation class, thought that there was something unusual about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair.
抓标志：关系代词_____；连接词_____
判类型：主句(含有一个定语从句)＋宾语从句
试翻译：他的儿子，15岁，_______________，觉得有个小女孩坐在花园椅子上的那幅画有些不寻常。
who
that
上过艺术鉴赏课
2．It was signed “Bonnato” or so he thought, but when he researched it, he only found “Bonnard，” a French painter he had never heard of.
抓标志：并列连词____；从属连词______；被省略的关系代词who/whom/that
判类型：简单句＋并列连词＋复合句(含有一个时间状语从句和一个定语从句)
试翻译：他认为签名大概是“Bonnato”，但____________，他只找到了“Bonnard”，一位________________法国画家。
but
when
当他研究它时
他从未听说过的
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏结构之美)He bought a book and was surprised to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same garden as his father's painting.
赏析：句中两个the same和形容词 surprised强调了这种巧合，令人印象深刻。the same as结构常用于说明比较的事物或人完全相同。
[对点练——完成句子]
①The cake _________________________.
这块蛋糕尝起来和巧克力的味道一样。
②He reuses things for ________________________.
他将物品循环利用，与之前同样的用途。
tastes the same as chocolate
the same purpose as before
2．(赏用词之美)The family called the Italian Culture Ministry; the official confirmed that the paintings were originals and worth as much as $50 million.
赏析：confirm, original, worth as much as $50 million等词让读者认识到拍到的两幅画的确是大师的原作，价值不菲，也让读者感受到生活中存在的偶然性和戏剧性。
3．(赏意境之美)His son, age 15, who had taken an art appreciation class, thought that there was something unusual about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair.
赏析：一个15岁的少年，上过艺术欣赏课(had taken an art appreciation class)，在这幅画作里发现了不寻常的东西(something unusual)，而事实确实如此，不由让人感叹博学多识方能慧眼识珠。
“课时作业”
(单击进入电子文档)
谢
谢
观
看(共108张PPT)
开始
选择性必修
UNIT 4　Exploring poetry
01
02
03
课前——语基自主落实
课堂——能力融会发展
课下——主题素养训练
一、背单词—多多益善
(一)易记词汇“一遍过”　
1．barren adj.　　　　 贫瘠的，不毛的；不结果实的
2．clue n. 线索，提示；迹象
3．cage vt. 把(动物)关在笼中
n. 笼子
4．inner adj. 内心的，隐藏的；里面的，内部的
5．era n. 时代，年代
6．tread vi.& vt. 踩，踏；踩碎，践踏；行走，步行
7．sigh n．& vi. 叹气，叹息
8．grasp n. 理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及
vt. 抓紧；领会，理解
9．rhyme n. 押韵词；押韵
vt. 使押韵
vi. 和……同韵
10．aside adv. 到旁边，在旁边；留，存；除……以外
11．remote adj. 偏远的，偏僻的；遥远的，久远的；远亲的
12．reward vt. 奖励，奖赏
n. 奖励，回报；悬赏金
13．ideal n. 理想；典范
adj. 完美的，理想的
14．rigid adj. 死板的，僵硬的；固执的，僵化的
15．bend vi.& vt. (使)拐弯，弯曲
n. 拐弯，弯道
16．claim n. 声明，宣称；所有权；索赔
vt. 宣称，声称；要求；索取；获得
17．hence adv. 因此，由此
18．dare vi.& vt. 敢于，胆敢；激(某人做某事)
19．boom n. 激增，繁荣
vi. 迅速发展，激增，繁荣昌盛
20．cast vt. 投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投，抛；选派角色
n. 全体演员；投，抛
21．owe vt. 欠(情)；欠(债)
22．debt n. 人情债，情义，恩情；借款，欠款，债务
23．blame vt. 把……归咎于，责怪，指责
n. 责任，责备，指责
(二)挑战词汇“三遍熟”　
1．dimension n．　　　 方面，侧面；规模，程度；维
2．district n. 区，行政区；地区，区域
3．diverge vi. 分叉，岔开；分歧，相异；偏离
4．legend n. 传说，传奇故事；传奇人物
5．nourish vt. 培养，助长；抚养，滋养
6．liberty n. 自由
7．unconstrained adj. 不受约束的，自由的
8．exaggeration n. 夸张，夸大
9．metaphor n. 暗喻，隐喻
10．triumph n. 巨大成功，重大成就，伟大胜利
vi. 打败，战胜，成功
11．impostor n. 冒名顶替者，冒名行骗者
12．complex adj. 复杂的，难懂的
n. 建筑群；复合体；情结
13．perceive vt. 注意到，意识到；将……理解为，将……视为
14．advocate vt. 拥护，支持，提倡
n. 拥护者，支持者；辩护律师
15．undergo vt. 经历，经受
16．encounter vt. 偶然碰到，意外地遇见；遭遇，碰到
n. 相遇，遭遇，冲突
17．numerous adj. 众多的，许多的
18．vitality n. 生命力，活力，热情
19．allowance n. 津贴，补助；限额；零花钱
20．unforgiving adj. 棘手的；不饶人的，不宽容的
(三)变形词汇“寻规记”　
1．freeze v．(使)冰冻→________ adj.冰冻的；严寒的→_______ adj.结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的
2．imply vt.含有……的意思，暗示，暗指→__________ n．含义；暗示；影响
3．detect vt.发现，查明，侦察出→________ n．侦探→_______ n．探测器
4．contradict vt.& vi.反驳，驳斥；与……相矛盾，相反→____________ adj.相互矛盾的，对立的，不一致的→_____________ n．矛盾
5．interpret vt.解释，阐释；把……理解为，领会；演绎 vi.口译→__________ n．口译译员→_____________ n．解释，演绎
freezing
frozen
implication
detective
detector
contradictory
contradiction
interpreter
interpretation
6．patience n．耐心，忍耐力→_______ adj.能忍耐的；有耐心的 n．病人；患者→_________ adv.耐心地；有毅力地
7．constant adj.时常发生的；连续不断的→__________ adv.始终，一直
8．logical adj.符合逻辑的；必然的，合乎情理的→________ adv.逻辑上；合逻辑地；有条理地
9．real adj.真的→_______ adv.真正地；实际上→_______ n．现实；实际情况；事实，实际经历
10．industry n．工业→_________ adj.工业的→___________ v．(使国家或地区)工业化→_____________ adj.工业化的→_______________ n．工业化
patient
patiently
constantly
logically
really
reality
industrial
industrialize
industrialized
industrialization
11．belief n．看法，信念；信仰；相信，信心→______ v．相信→__________ adj.可信的→____________ adj.难以置信的
12．strike vt.(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；突然想到；击中；敲(钟)；(时钟)报时；打动 n．(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；罢工→_______ adj.引人注目的，显著的；妩媚动人的，标致的
13．character n．性格；特点→___________ (also ____________)vt.是……的特征，以……为典型；使……具有特点；描述，刻画
14．stable adj.稳定的；安定的→________ n．稳定(性)，稳固(性)
15．tolerate vt.容忍；忍受→_________ n．容忍→_______ adj.宽容的，容忍的；能耐……的
believe
believable
unbelievable
striking
characterize
characterise
stability
tolerance
tolerant
16．distinguish vt.& vi.成为……的特征，使有别于；区分，辨别；认出；使出众→____________ adj.卓越的；著名的；高贵的；受尊重的
17．represent vt.代表；描绘→_____________ adj.典型的，有代表性的 n．典型人物，代表性人物；代表
18．fascinate vt.& vi.深深吸引，迷住→__________ adj.迷人的；吸引人的→__________ adj.入迷的→__________ n．魅力
19．title n．标题；权利；头衔 v．加标题，定题目→_______ vt.给……命名；使享有权利，使符合资格
distinguished
representative
fascinating
fascinated
fascination
entitle
(四)联想词汇“一线牵”　
1．不一样的“责备”
①blame vt.　　　　　　　 指责；责备
②charge vt. 控告；指责
③accuse vt. 控告；谴责
④scold vt. 责骂
⑤condemn vt. 谴责；声讨
2．“动”起来的名词
①cage 　 n．笼子 　　　 vt.把(动物)关在笼中
②bridge n．桥 vt.架桥于
③carpet n．地毯 vt.覆盖
④head n．头 vt.前进
⑤color n．颜色 vt.给……着色
3．吸引人的“奖励”
①reward n．　　　　　　　 奖赏；奖励
②award n. 奖品；奖金
③prize n. 奖品；奖赏
④scholarship n. 奖学金
二、背词块—丰富表达
1．_______　　　　　　　 发现，搜集，查明
2．________ 渴望
3．____________ 把……放一边；留出
4．__________ 充满……
5．___________________ 值得某人花费力气
6．______________________ 超越一般现实
7．________ 建立，开发；增强
dig up
long for
set sth. aside
fill up with
be worth one's effort
go beyond normal reality
build up
8．___________ 不得体，不适当；位置不当
9．________ 醒目，显眼，引人注目
10．______________ 与某事终止关联，破除
11．__________________ 重视，强调，把重点放在……
12．___________________ 　 在某事上与某人意见一致
13．____________ 伸手去拿
14．________________ 有影响，起作用
15．________________ 一般而言
out of place
stick out
break with sth.
put emphasis on ...
agree with sb. on sth.
reach out for
make a difference
generally speaking
16．________________________ 别无选择只好做某事
17．_________________ 深深根植于……
18．______ 进而；反过来；依次
19．__________________ 　 使……有别于……
20．_________________ 　 体谅；考虑到，估计到
21．_____________________ 使自己熟悉/了解/通晓……
have no choice but to do sth.
be deeply rooted in
in turn
distinguish ...from ...
make allowance for
familiarize oneself with
?联想串记
1．“out of＋n.”短语集锦
①out of place　　　　 不得体，不适当
②out of order 出故障
③out of danger 脱离危险
④out of work 失业
⑤out of control 失控
⑥out of shape 变形
2．“make a＋n.”短语一览
①make a difference　　 有影响，起作用
②make a contribution 做贡献
③make a decision 做决定
④make a mistake 犯错误
⑤make a reservation 预订
三、背好句好段—增分写作
(一)背好句—有“话”好好说　
1．as if从句中的虚拟语气
教材原句 Second, approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape.
第二，走近诗歌，就像你是一个置身于陌生风景中的探索者。
推荐佳句 (新教材外研版必修3佳句)They really do reach out to us across the centuries as if time itself were nothing.
这些作品穿越几个世纪，出现在我们面前，仿佛时间没有流逝一般。
2.主语＋be＋性质形容词＋动词不定式
教材原句 Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than those that constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings.
相比容易理解的诗，那些不断展现更加深刻的、先前未发现的意义的诗常常更加有趣。
推荐佳句 (新教材外研版选择性必修2佳句)I lasted two days.The detox was more difficult to tolerate than I had expected.
我坚持了两天。社交媒体脱瘾比我预期的更加难以忍受。
3.so/as long as引导条件状语从句
教材原句 As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something or lets you perceive another level of meaning, it will have been worth your effort.
只要读诗之旅能让你有所感悟，或者让你发现另一层含义，你的努力就是值得的。
推荐佳句 ①As long as I have confidence in myself, I believe I will have a wonderful future.
只要我对自己有信心，我相信我会有一个美好的未来。
②A man is not old as long as he is seeking something.
只要一个人还有追求，他就不会老。
4．make＋宾语＋宾语补足语
教材原句 Poetry's combination of “sound” and “sense” makes you see the world in a new way and allows you to go beyond normal reality for the everlasting beauty.
诗歌“音”与“意”的结合，让你用一种新的方式看待世界，让你超越普通的现实，追求永恒之美。
推荐佳句 ①(新教材人教版必修2佳句)Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable.
学习这个国家的历史，你的英国之旅将更为愉快。
②(新教材外研版选择性必修1佳句)Although it's the doctors and nurses who will treat her injury, it's my job to make her feel better.
尽管为她治疗伤痛的是医生和护士，但让她的心情变好则是我的工作。
续表
(二)背好段—有“情”慢慢聊　
情感表达之“厌烦”
As the bell rang, I stood on the platform, eyes wandering across the classroom. The students seemed to be expecting another boring and dull lesson, some dropping their eyes and some whispering in the back rows. I cleared my throat and announced, “Boys and girls, let's begin with your thoughts about the literature.”
[点评]　本段中使用了“boring and dull, some dropping their eyes and some whispering in the back rows”来描述学生们对老师的课不感兴趣，刻画了学生们厌烦的心理。本段采用先抑后扬的写作手法，为后来学生态度的改变埋下了伏笔。常用的描写人物厌烦的词汇有：bored, disgusted, tiring, be tired of, be fed up with等。
四、语基课前自查——摸底训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The teacher's smile ________ (表明) that she had forgiven me.
2．At that time, we did not fully _______ (理解) the significance of what had happened.
3．The ocean ecosystem is made up of very ________ (复杂的) food chains.
4．Due to the economic depression, the Italian industrial production is __________ (经历) a period of decline.
implied
grasp
complex
undergoing
5．Nowadays, healthy lifestyles are being __________ (提倡) in society.
6．Many people hold a firm _____ (看法) that the cure for cancer will be found one day.
7．I'm at your command and ______ (因此)，I will obey your orders.
8．It was by chance that I ___________ (偶然碰到) my former classmate on the street the other day.
advocated
belief
hence
encountered
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Visitors were __________ (fascinate) by the wonderful music fountain show and the beauty of nature in Hangzhou.
2．Teachers have to _________ (constant) update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional competence.
3．Outwardly she seemed confident but in _______ (real) she felt extremely nervous.
4．If you want to sway someone to your side, you need to convince them emotionally and _________ (logic)．
fascinated
constantly
reality
logically
5．It is considerate that the plan makes allowance _____ people working at different rates.
6．This function of the Internet is particularly _________ (strike) when I'm writing.
7．The government has taken effective measures to maintain the ________ (stable) of house prices.
8．It rained hard, so they had no choice but _______ (stay) at home.
for
striking
stability
to stay
Ⅲ.词汇拓展训练
1．Many top ______________ took part in the conference.Li Hua ___________ his company to give an impressive speech at the meeting.(represent)
2．In the court the witnesses gave two completely _____________ accounts.That is to say, their statements ____________ each other.(contradict)
3．Although the _______ was out of ________, the nurse was still _______ with her work and did it _________.(patient)
representatives
represented
contradictory
contradicted
patient
patience
patient
patiently
4．The ____________ scientist told the youngsters it was important to __________ reality from one's dreams.(distinguish)
5．I'm reading a ______ The Mill on the Floss, which was written by the famous _________, George Eliot.(novel)
6．I have a very _______ attitude towards others.However, there is a limit to what one person can ________, so don't challenge my ________. (tolerate)
distinguished
distinguish
novel
novelist
tolerant
tolerate
tolerance
Ⅳ.选词填空
1．As you grow wiser, you should _________ your old ideas.
2．Language learning should ___________ reality, the world and the future.
3．When we're planning for a trip, we should __________________ the weather.
have no choice but to， set aside， make allowance for， break with， in turn， aside from，be rooted in， familiarize oneself with， out of place，make a difference
break with
be rooted in
make allowance for
4．Till now Mary has not yet ______________________ the use of this new application.
5．________ half an hour to read every night before you go to bed.
6．Theory is based on practice, and _______ serves practice.
7．If he was able to get others' encouragement, it would _______________ to him.
8．He has not shown up.But we ____________________ wait.
9．__________ being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill.
10．Some of these books are ___________, making the whole room messy.
familiarized herself with
Set aside
in turn
make a difference
have no choice but to
Aside from
out of place
Ⅴ.多维表达
1．(完成句子)My respectable class teacher treats me ______________________. (as if)
我尊敬的班主任像我的母亲一样对待我。
2．(完成句子)I like getting up very early in summer. _______________________ ______________. (主语＋be＋adj.＋to do)
夏天我喜欢早起。早晨的空气很适合呼吸。
3．(完成句子)Secondly, the Internet can ________________________ — not thinking of anyone or anything but themselves.(make)
其次，互联网使人们以自我为中心，不去想除自己之外的任何人或任何事。
as if she were my mother
The morning air is so good to breathe
make people self－centred
4．(完成句子)Speaking of table manners, keep your voice low during the meal _________________________.(even if)
说到餐桌礼仪，即使你不习惯，吃饭时也要小声一些。
5．(完成句子)I believe I can use the Internet very well _________________ ____________________. (as long as)
我相信只要我知道如何控制自己，我就能很好地使用互联网。
even if you are not used to it
as long as I know how to control myself
6．(一句多译)随着期末考试的临近，老师要求我们复习功课。
→__________________________, our teacher requests us to go over our lessons.(as)
→______________________________, our teacher requests us to go over our lessons.(with)
7．(句式升级)The Incas' dry stone method of building is especially amazing.
→______________________________________________________.(升级为倒装句)
As the final exam draws near
With the final exam drawing near
Especially amazing is the Incas' dry stone method of building
中档保分词汇—自查自纠无盲点
1．grasp n．理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及vt.抓紧；领会，理解
　(同义替换/完成句子)
①Luke seized her arm firmly and led her through the gate. _______
②I am afraid you didn't fully _________________.
恐怕你没有完全明白我的意思。
③Some 250 million primary schoolage children ____________________ basic literacy skills.
约2.5亿名小学适龄儿童没有掌握基本的读写技能。
grasped
grasp my meaning
do not have a grasp of
④She is ready to _______________________ expand the business.
她已准备好抓住一切机遇拓展业务。
⑤I _____________________ and led him away.
我紧紧抓住他的胳膊把他带走了。
grasp any opportunity to
grasped his arm firmly
系统归纳 (1)get/have a grasp of　　 了解；掌握
beyond one's grasp 某人不能理解；某人抓不住
(2)grasp the chance/opportunity　 抓住机会
grasp sth. firmly 紧紧抓住某物
微点提醒 表示抓住某人的某部位时要用“grasp sb.＋by＋the＋某部位”，类似用法的动词还有take, seize, catch, lead等，表示“拉、扯、抓住某人身体某部位”。
2.reward vt.奖励，奖赏n.奖励，回报；悬赏金
(1)单句语法填空/句型转换
①I will reward you _____ an electric bike ___ helping me get rid of tobacco abuse.
＝I will offer you an electric bike in reward ____ helping me get rid of tobacco abuse.
②I benefited a lot from the __________ (reward) speech delivered by a specialist in psychology.
③Jim gave the boy a pound as a reward for bringing back his lost dog.
→Jim _______________________________ bringing back his lost dog.
→Jim gave the boy a pound _____________ bringing back his lost dog.
with
for
for
rewarding
rewarded the boy with a pound for
in reward for
(2)对比填空(award, reward)
④She started singing to the baby and was __________ with a smile.
⑤For his dedication the Mayor ________ him a medal of merit.
rewarded
awarded
系统归纳 (1)reward sb.with sth.for (doing) sth.　 　因(做)某事用……奖赏/酬谢某人
(2)give/offer a reward to sb.for (doing) sth. 为(做)某事而给某人报酬
in reward (for) 　作为(对……的)回报/奖赏
(3)rewarding adj. 有益的；有意义的
微点提醒 ①award具有“奖；把(某物)授予(某人)；奖品”等意思；而reward具有“奖励；酬谢；回报”等意思。
②award强调的侧重点是“官方或经正式研究裁决后，对比赛获胜者或有功者所授予的奖赏”；而reward强调的侧重点是“对那些品质高雅或勤劳的人所授予的奖励”。另外，reward也可指为某事付酬金。
3.reality n．现实，实际情况；事实，实际经历
　(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①____ reality, different students have different learning habits.
②After years of hard work, his dream became __ reality.
③We ought to work hard to ______________________________ when we are young.
我们应该趁年轻努力工作，把中国梦变为现实。
In
a
turn Chinese Dream into a reality
系统归纳 in reality　　　　 　　　　实际上；事实上
become a reality 成为现实
turn ...into a reality 把……变成现实
微点提醒 in reality的同义词有actually, in fact, in effect, as a matter of fact等。
4.advocate vt.拥护，支持，提倡 n．拥护者，支持者；辩护律师
　(单句语法填空/同义替换)
①Many experts advocate _________ (reduce) the amount of children's homework and also advocate that children _______________ (give) more free time.
②She has always been an advocate ______ changes to English spelling, to make it easier to learn.
reducing
(should) be given
of/for
③___ is advocated that web－based self－access learning should be integrated into college courses.
④More and more companies support the development of new energy vehicles. _______
It
advocate
系统归纳 (1)advocate (doing) sth.提倡/拥护/支持(做)某事
(2)an advocate of/for ……的提倡者/拥护者
5.tolerant adj.宽容的，容忍的；能耐……的
　(单句语法填空/同义替换/完成句子)
①A responsible teacher won't tolerate ________ (cheat) in the examinations.
②_________ (tolerate) consists in respecting the opinions of others.
③Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a ________ (tolerate) smile and let him go.
cheating
Tolerance
tolerant
④I can't tolerate working with Kate in the same office.She just refuses to stop talking while she works. ___________________
⑤She won't _____________________________________ in the physics test next time.
她不会容忍她儿子下次在物理考试中犯同样的错误。
bear/stand/put up with
tolerate her son making the same mistakes
系统归纳 (1)tolerate vt.　 　容忍
tolerate (sb.) doing sth. 容忍/忍受(某人)做某事
(2)tolerance n. 宽容；容忍；忍受
微点提醒 (1)tolerate后接动词作宾语时，常用其现在分词形式，即tolerate (sb.) doing sth.意为“容忍/忍受(某人)做某事”。
(2)tolerate 表示“忍受”，同义词有：bear, stand, put up with等。
6.generally speaking一般而言
　(完成句子)
①__________________, the picking activity benefited me a lot.
就我个人而言，这个采摘活动使我获益良多。
②__________________, in no way should your arrival be later than the fixed time.
一般来说，你的抵达时间绝不能晚于约定的时间。
Personally speaking
Generally speaking
③________________, there is not a better plan.
坦白地说，再没有更好的计划了。
④_________________, some people attach great importance to becoming rich and famous.
老实说，一些人把变得富有和出名看得很重要。
Frankly speaking
Honestly speaking
系统归纳 honestly speaking　 　 　诚实地说
frankly speaking 坦率地说
exactly speaking 确切地说
strictly speaking 严格地说
personally speaking 就个人而言
briefly speaking 概括地说
roughly speaking 粗略地说
微点提醒 以上短语常用作插入语，在句中充当评注性状语，表达说话者的看法或态度。
教材基础语法—再认再现基础牢
1．动词不定式
　(用所给词的适当形式填空)
①It was important for us ______ (live) a low－carbon life.
②It has been his dream _________ (travel) round the world.
③Though they did all they could _______ (help) them, times were tough for them.
④The meeting _________ (hold) tomorrow is of great importance.
to live
to travel
to help
to be held
[谨记规则]
(1)不定式由“to＋动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“not to＋动词原形”，在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语和表语，但不能单独作谓语。
(2)动词不定式的时态和语态的构成和用法
时态形式 意义 主动语态 被动语态
一般式 与句子谓语动词的动作同时发生或在谓语动词的动作之后发生 to do to be done
进行式 在谓语动词的动作发生时正在进行 to be doing
完成式 在谓语动词的动作之前发生 to have done to have been done
完成进行式 发生在谓语动词的动作之前并且持续到谓语动词的动作发生时仍在进行 to have been doing
2.分词与动名词
　(用所给词的适当形式填空)
①______ (build) in 1192, the bridge is over 800 years old.
②______________ (finish) his homework, he went to bed.
③He suddenly appeared in class one day, ________ (wear) sunglasses.
Built
Having finished
wearing
④She was pleased that the teacher wasn't angry with her for her ____________ (be) so rude.
⑤__________ (attract) by the latest electronic toys, the little boy stood in front of the windows, without moving.
⑥Scientists have discovered that ________ (stay) in the cold could help us lose weight.
having been
Attracted
staying
[谨记规则]
(1)分词包括现在分词和过去分词，在句中起形容词和副词的作用。分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语，一般在句中作时间、原因、方式、条件、伴随等状语。
(2)动名词是由动词－ing形式构成的，它在句中起名词作用，一般充当主语、宾语、表语、定语。
(3)动名词和现在分词的时态和语态
时态形式 意义 主动语态 被动语态
一般式 与谓语动词的动作同时或稍后发生 doing being done
完成式 先于谓语动词的动作完成 having done having been done
复杂多变词汇—条分缕析逐点清
1．belief n．看法，信念；信仰；相信，信心
常见考法 (1)have belief in　　　　 　相信……
confirm one's belief 坚定某人的信念
hold the firm belief that 坚信……
(2)disbelief n. 不信；怀疑；疑惑
in disbelief 难以置信；不相信
(3)believe in 信任……
升维考法 (1)belief后常跟that引导的同位语从句，用来解释说明belief的内容。
(2)Sb./Sth. is believed to＝It is believed that ...“人们相信……”。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空)
①In contrast to your ______ (believe) that we will fail, I am confident that we will succeed.
②My father has much belief ____ doctors of traditional Chinese medicine.
③You can believe ___ him; he'll never let you down.
④We were amazed and shocked, shaking our heads in ________ (belief)．
belief
in
in
disbelief
?细练升维考法(完成句子/句型转换)
⑤______________________ with the joint efforts of both teachers and students, our school will become a more enjoyable place in the near future.
我坚信，在师生们的共同努力下，我们的学校在不久的将来会变成一个更加宜人的地方。
⑥It is believed that advertising is often the most effective method of promotion.
→______________________________ the most effective method of promotion.(简单句)
I hold the firm belief that
Advertising is often believed to be
2．distinguish vt.& vi.成为……的特征，使有别于；区分，辨别；认出；使出众
常见考法 (1)distinguish between A and B　区分A和B
distinguish ... from ...把……与……区分开来
distinguish oneself as/to be 作为……而出名
(2)be distinguished for/as ... 因/作为……而出名
升维考法 (1)be distinguished for＝be famous for/be known for; distinguish oneself as＝be famous as
(2)“把A与B区分开来”的多种表达方式：
distinguish/tell A from B
distinguish between A and B
make/draw a distinction between A and B
tell the difference between A and B
续表
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/句式升级)
①It's important to distinguish fact _____ fiction.
②She has already distinguished _______ (her) as a great volleyball coach in the world.
③The scientist ______________ (distinguish) for his diligence and courage.
④Hangzhou is distinguished ____ its beautiful scenery.
⑤He was distinguished for his knowledge of economics and was elected as head of the economic school.
→________________________________________, he was elected as head of the economic school.(用非谓语动词作状语)
from
herself
is distinguished
for
Distinguished for his knowledge of economics
?细练升维考法(一句多译)
⑥它们可以识别健康植物和患病植物之间的差异。
→They can __________ healthy plants _____ diseased ones.(distinguish)
→They can ________________________ healthy plants ____ diseased ones. (difference)
→They can _______________________________ healthy plants ____ diseased ones.(distinction)
distinguish
from
tell the difference between
and
make/draw the distinction between
and
3．owe vt.欠(情)；欠(债)；归功于
常见考法 (1)owe sb. sth.　　 　　欠某人某物
owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物；把……归功于某人
owe it to sb.that ... 把……归功于某人
(2)owing to 因为，由于
升维考法 owe to后接宾语从句时，常用it作形式宾语，将that引导的宾语从句后置。
?精练常见考法(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①_______ (owe) to my lack of experience, I didn't do the work well.
②I must say I owe all the achievements ___ the encouragement and help from my colleagues and friends.
③I _________________ (该向你道歉) for what I said this morning.
④At last his hard work paid off and he _____________________________ ______________________ (把他的成功归功于家人和朋友的支持)．
Owing
to
owe you an apology
owed his success to the support of his family and friends
?细练升维考法(一句多译)
⑤我把在英语学习方面取得的巨大进步归功于你。
→____________________________________________
→_________________________________________________________
(it作形式宾语)
I owe my great progress in English learning to you.
I owe it to you that I have made great progress in English learning.
4．blame vt.把……归咎于，责怪，指责 n．责任，责备，指责
常见考法 (1)be to blame (for sth.)(对某事)负有责任，应受责备
blame sb.for sth. 因某事责备某人；把某事归咎于某人
blame sth.on sb./sth. 把某事归咎于某人/某事
(2)put/lay the blame for sth.on sb. 将某事归咎于某人
take the blame (for ...) 应(为……)承担责任/受责备
升维考法 ①blame sb.for sth.与blame sth.on sb.有时可以互换，注意搭配的介词不同；
②be to blame短语中blame不能用被动形式，该短语为主动形式表示被动含义。
?精练常见考法
(1)单句语法填空
①In his view, his wife is ________ (blame) for the failure of their marriage.
②He blamed his wife ___ the failure of their marriage.
③He blamed the failure of their marriage ___ his wife.
④Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame ___ the alarm clock.
to blame
for
on
on
(2)语段填空
When getting along with others, we shouldn't always ⑤____________ ____________. After all, many times ⑥_______________. So instead of ⑦______________, we should communicate more and put ourselves in others' place.
当和其他人相处时，我们不应该总是把错误归咎于他人。毕竟，很多时候我们也负有责任。因此，我们应该多交流、换位思考，而不是指责他人。
blame others for mistakes
we are to blame
blaming others
?细练升维考法(单句语法填空/一句多译)
⑧________ (blame) for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.
⑨诚实地说，李华应该为这次冲突负责。
→To be honest, Li Hua _____________ the conflict. (blame v．)
→To be honest, Li Hua ______________________ the conflict. (blame n．)
Blamed
is to blame for
should take the blame for
经典增分句式—学通用活表达美
1．as long as引导条件状语从句
(1)as/so long as“只要”，引导条件状语从句。
(2)引导条件状语从句的其他连接词有：(only) if, unless, in case, on condition that, provided/providing (that), suppose/supposing (that), assume/assuming (that), given (that) 等。
(3)如果主句为一般将来时，条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替将来时。
?通过句式变换明晰句式结构
①Work hard, and you will succeed sooner or later.
→_______________________, you will succeed sooner or later.
②If you have further questions, please feel free to let me know.
→________________________________________, please feel free to let me know.
As long as you study hard
On condition that you have further questions
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
③只要我们不灰心，继续努力，就一定能克服困难，实现目标。
_____________________________ and keep on trying, we are sure to get over difficulties, and achieve our aims.
④如果我们不阻止气候变化，世界上的许多动植物将会消失。
_________________________________________, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.
So/As long as we don't lose heart
On condition that we don't stop climate change
2．make＋宾语＋宾语补足语
?通过题点训练明确规则用法
(单句语法填空)
①To make herself ___________ (understand), she tried her best, but in vain.
②The Internet makes the outside world ____ (easily) for people to learn about.
③He warned any child caught misbehaving was made _______ (stand) at the front of the class.
understood
easy
to stand
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
④废物再利用可以使我们周围的环境越来越干净。
Reusing waste can ______________________________________________.
⑤我们英语老师经常让我们复述课文，这对我们的英语学习很有帮助。
____________________________________________, which is beneficial to our English study.
make the environment around us cleaner and cleaner
Our English teacher often makes us retell the texts
3．主语＋be＋性质形容词＋动词不定式
(1)在“主语＋be＋adj.＋动词不定式”结构中，动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。常见的用于此结构的形容词有：difficult, hard, easy, comfortable, (im)possible, pleasant, interesting, exciting等；
(2)动词不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系；若动词不定式为不及物动词，其后必须加相应的介词。
?通过题点训练明确规则用法
(单句语法填空)
①What's more, it is _____ (easily) to make and can be adapted to individual tastes.
②The bike seemed too heavy and difficult _________ (control)．
③The armchair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to sit ___.
easy
to control
in
?通过句子仿写做到学通写美
④虽然有些问题我似乎不熟悉，但它们很容易回答。
Though some of the questions seem unfamiliar to me, _____________________.
⑤就我而言，这道数学题很难解。
As far as I'm concerned, _________________________________________.
they are easy to answer
this maths problem is very difficult to work out
2020·全国卷Ⅰ·阅读理解B篇
Returning to a book you've read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend. There's a welcome familiarity — but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both, and thus the relationship. But books don't change, people do. And that's what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative.
The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register. It's true, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings. But with reading, it's all about the present. It's about the now and what one contributes to the now, because reading is a give and take between author and reader. Each has to pull their own weight.
There are three books I reread annually. The first, which I take to reading every spring, is Ernest Hemingway's A Moveable Feast. Published in 1964, it's his classic memoir of 1920s Paris. The language is almost intoxicating (令人陶醉的), an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time. Another is Annie Dillard's Holy the Firm, her poetic 1975 ramble (随笔) about everything and nothing. The third book is Julio Cortázar's Save Twilight: Selected Poems, because poetry. And because Cortázar.
While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts, which might add to the meaning I attach to them.But I imagine that, while money is indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an author's work is the highest _________ a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open further as time passes. But remember, it's you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.
currency
[真题再做]
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。重读一本你读过很多次的书，感觉就像和老朋友对饮一样。重读的美妙之处在于我们与作品的联系是建立在我们当前的精神状态之上的。随着年龄的增长，你对书中内容的理解也逐步加深。
1．Why does the author like rereading
A．It evaluates the writer－reader relationship.
B．It's a window to a whole new world.
C．It's a substitute for drinking with a friend.
D．It extends the understanding of oneself.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段前两句可知，作者认为重读的美妙之处在于我们与作品的联系基于我们目前的精神状态，作者年龄越大，就越觉得时光如飞。由此可推知，重读以前读过的书能让你加深对阅读内容的理解。随着年龄的增长，你可能阅历更丰富，你对书中内容的理解也逐步加深。
答案：D　
2．What do we know about the book A Moveable Feast
A．It's a brief account of a trip.
B．It's about Hemingway's life as a young man.
C．It's a record of a historic event.
D．It's about Hemingway's friends in Paris.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Published in 1964 ... simpler time.”可知，A Moveable Feast讲述了年迈的海明威回忆青年时代在巴黎度过的日子。
答案：B　
3．What does the underlined word “currency” in paragraph 4 refer to
A．Debt.　　　　　　　 B．Reward.
C．Allowance. D．Face value.
解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段的第二句可知，作者认为，虽然金钱确实是美妙且必要的，但重读作家的著作是读者对该作家的最高奖励，因此画线词在此处指“奖励”。
答案：B　
4．What can we infer about the author from the text
A．He loves poetry. B．He's an editor.
C．He's very ambitious. D．He teaches reading.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Another is Annie Dillard's Holy the Firm ... because poetry.”可以推断作者喜爱诗歌。
答案：A　
[素养发掘]
一、由典题悟通法
推理判断题的思维建模(第4题)
二、由语篇积词汇
1．因境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的意思)
①(一词多义)There's a welcome familiarity — but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both, and thus the relationship.
__________
②(熟词生义)The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register. _____
③(熟词生义)The language is almost intoxicating, an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time. __________
令人愉快的
状态
上了年纪的
2．词块积累(写出下列词块的汉语意思)
①feel like　　　　　　　 _______
②lie in _____
③be based on _____________
④contribute to ____________
⑤give and take _________
感觉像
在于
以……为基础
有助于；促成
交换意见
⑥pull one's own weight _______________________
⑦look back on ___________
⑧tend to _______________
⑨add to ___________
⑩attach to ___________
努力做好自己分内的工作
回顾，回忆
倾向于，往往会
增加，加强
附属；附于
三、寻结构破长句
While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts, which might add to the meaning I attach to them.
抓标志：从属连词______; 关系代词_____；被省略的关系代词which/that
判类型：让步状语从句＋主句＋定语从句(含有一个定语从句)
试翻译：______________________，但这三本书是作为礼物送给我的，这可能会增加我赋予它们的意义。
while
which
虽然我倾向于买很多书
四、赏佳句助写作
1．(赏用词之美)But I imagine that, while money is indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an author's work is the highest currency a reader can pay them.
赏析：作者使用wonderful and necessary描写了金钱给人带来的感受和作用，用the highest currency表达了非一般金钱可以比拟的含义。作者借助生活中至关重要的事物——金钱——描述了个人对于重读某个作品的感受和意义，用词恰当、表意准确清晰。
[对点练——单句语法填空/完成句子]
①The _______ (big) highlight of the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games was the Chinese culture shown in it, such as the 24 solar terms.
②From this experience, I truly understand that geographical separation does not __________ (necessary) bring about cultural conflicts and that we can assimilate the other's merits contrarily.
③I know that ___________________________ about how to keep healthy, so you're expected to make a speech then.
我知道你对如何保持健康有一些很好的想法，所以希望你到时候发表演讲。
biggest
necessarily
you have some wonderful ideas
2．(赏修辞之美)Returning to a book you've read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend.
赏析：作者通过feel like(感觉像)把“重读一本你读过很多遍的书”的感觉比作“和老朋友在一起喝酒”，运用通感的修辞手法，化抽象为形象，让读者更好地理解；由此及彼，勾起人们丰富的联想。
“课时作业”
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谢
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看