3 / 9
必修一 UNIT 1 课时作业（一）
一、主题下的语篇训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023·苏州模拟)If your children's New Year wish lists are hard to distinguish, pity their teachers who have been struggling with confusing schoolwork ever since schools reopened.
“Younger kids failed to learn letter patterns and formations while older kids lose speed and clearness without regular practice during the shutdown of schools，” says Sheilagh Blyth, an occupational therapist (治疗专家) who studies handwriting.
Of course, it's a symptom of a wider problem.As Amanda Spielman, the head of Ofsted (Office for Standards in Education), indicated handwriting puts an added burden on parents — it's long been an aspect of children's school books that they analyze at home.
“This is a big problem for my almost 10－year－old，” says one mother.“When they sent two year's worth of his books back together, the degradation (退化) was severe and it hasn't recovered.”
Another mother worries that her younger son has fallen behind compared with his older brother.“His handwriting is definitely not where I think it should be，” she says.
Blyth warns handwriting needs to be practised regularly and that students need to practise the letter formation and joined－up writing to write well in exams.“Learning handwriting doesn't just happen as there are increasingly fewer day－to－day opportunities to write with a pen or pencil，” says Gill Budgell, an educational consultant who wrote Penpals for Handwriting meant for 3－ to 11－year－olds.
The Write Dance Programme is an approach to teaching handwriting that is based on physical movement.Diana Strauss, who runs the programme in the UK with Nicole Barrons, says, “Whole body movement relaxes the shoulders and the arms and has a positive effect on physical tasks, which handwriting is.”
Diana is seeing more interest from schools in accessing the Write Dance Programme, which was developed in the 1960s by Ragnhild Oussoren, a Dutch graphologist (笔迹学家)．“We've been busy doing live training sessions, particularly with schools in Wales，” she adds.
Perhaps there is hope for Father Christmas and those gift wish lists after all.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了学生的书写水平越来越差的现象。
1．Why are children's New Year wish lists mentioned in Paragraph 1
A．To describe children's longing for New Year gifts.
B．To make a comparison between parents and teachers.
C．To introduce the topic of children's handwriting in crisis.
D．To provide an explanation for children's bad handwriting.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第一段以及后文的阐述可知，作者在文章开头提及新年愿望清单是为了引出文章的主题：孩子们的书写水平越来越差。
2．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．Schools have long been shut down.
B．Children have recently returned to school.
C．Parents analyze their children's books at home.
D．Children's handwriting gets worse on school books.
解析：选D 代词指代题。根据画线词所在句的下一句可知，孩子写在书上的字迹越来越差，很难在家进行课本分析。因此，“This”指代的是“孩子写在书上的笔迹变得越来越难看”。
3．What opinions do Blyth and Gill share in Paragraph 6
A．Good handwriting serves exams.
B．Learning handwriting is difficult.
C．Handwriting is important among 11－year－olds.
D．Regular practice counts in improving handwriting.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第六段中Blyth的想法及Gill说的话可知，这两人都认为经常练习对提高书法很有帮助。
4．What can we learn about the Write Dance Programme
A．It has attracted more attention from schools.
B．It advocates carrying out physical tasks.
C．It was developed by Diana Strauss and Nicole Barrons.
D．Its training sessions have only covered schools in Wales.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，Write Dance项目吸引了越来越多的学校。
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2023·秦皇岛模拟)I knew this dreaded day would come sooner or later.It came too fast and there I was, in the waiting room of the dental clinic, miserable with butterflies in my stomach.
My parents told me to sit up, stop wringing (拧) my hands, and take deep breaths to keep calm.It worked.I was calm for maybe two seconds when I heard my name being called.I pretended to be deaf but my mother touched me to get up.I forced myself to step forward and immediately stumbled (绊) over a toy and the boy who was playing with it.My clumsiness got me the attention of everyone in the room.Being stared at by so many pairs of eyes was too much and I hurried to the consultation room as fast as I could, leaving the boy crying for his broken toy.
I had refused my parents' offer to accompany me.I meant to show them that I was brave enough to face the treatment on my own.I regretted it right now.Thankfully, I forgot my anxiety as I looked around the dentist's room.Tools of different sizes were arranged neatly in a plate on the tiny table which was connected to a chair with buttons and a light hanging right over it.I avoided looking at my dentist in the eye as I took my seat on the chair shakily.
I tried to calm myself down, imaging how brave I would be.After a while, I was taken by great surprise when all of a sudden the chair moved and I was lying down facing the bright yellow light.When I caught sight of the dental drill on the plate, panic related to a bad childhood experience involving the drill kicked into me.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph 1：
I cried out and almost jumped out of the seat.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
My parents were waiting at the door anxiously when I ran out excitedly.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Paragraph 1：
I cried out and almost jumped out of the seat.Watching my frightened look, the dentist asked me what was the matter in a soothing voice behind her mask.I felt embarrassed and ashamed for my rude behavior and explained the bad experience in the past to the dentist.After hearing my story, the dentist smiled and encouraged me to forget the past and face the challenge bravely.I felt eased with the dentist's comfort and care.Everything was going smoothly and I was grateful to the dentist.
Paragraph 2：
My parents were waiting at the door anxiously when I ran out excitedly.I knew they would find it hard to believe what just happened.I was about to describe the process of treatment when I saw the boy whose toy I just broke.I went up to the boy and his parents and apologized for my misbehavior.All the people sang high praise for my honesty.After that, I followed my parents to the exit to tell them the most proud experience I ever had.
二、主题下的语基训练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①scholarship □ ②revise/review □
③preview □ ④presentation □
⑤academy □ ⑥routine □
⑦discipline □ ⑧psychology □
⑨dismiss □ ⑩art/science □
assess □ register □
schedule □ tutor □
compete □ instruct □
equipment □ apply □
absent □ major □
(二)主题词汇训练
选词填空(有两词多余)
review, apply, routine, register, scholarship, assess, preview, schedule, instruct, compete
1．Winning a scholarship gave Martin the chance to go to a college in one of the northern states.
2．The fault was discovered during a routine check.
3．Don't worry if you don't understand everything.The teacher will review the main points at the end.
4．Did you preview your lessons before the class so that you could listen to the teachers more carefully
5．Let me have a look at the list and I want to know how many students have registered for English classes.
6．It is so good a habit to instruct children to lay things where they belong when they are young.
7．New technology is being applied to almost every industrial process.
8．Due to the recent bad weather, the construction of the theatre will be two weeks behind schedule.
课时作业(二)
一、主题下的语篇训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023·青岛模拟)Identical twins Kathy and Sophie arrived at college last year and determined to strike out on independent paths, so they had requested rooms in different dorms.While Kathy got along with her roommate, Sophie was miserable.She and her roommate silently warred over matters ranging from when the lights should be turned off to how the furniture should be arranged.Finally, they divided the room in two and gave up on oral communication.During this time, Sophie kept seeking comfort from Kathy.Before long, the two wanted to live together again.Sophie's roommate eventually agreed to move out.
Sophie's ability to solve her dilemma by rooming with her identical twin is unusual, but the conflict she faced is not.Most roommate conflicts spring from such small, annoying differences rather than from grand disagreements over abstract philosophical principles.One person likes quiet, while the other person spends two hours a day practicing the trumpet.One eats only organically produced vegetables and loves animals, while the other likes wearing fur and enjoys cutting up frogs in biology class.
When personalities don't mix, the excitement of being away at college can quickly fade away.Moreover, roommates can affect each other's psychological health.A recent study reports that depression in college roommates is often passed from one person to another.
Many schools have started conflict resolution programs to calm tensions that otherwise can build up like a volcano preparing to explode, ultimately resulting in physical violence.Some colleges have resorted to“roommate contracts” that all new students fill out and sign after attending a seminar on roommate relations.Students detail behavioral guidelines for their room, including acceptable hours for study and sleep, a policy for use of each other's possessions.Some schools try to head off the feud before it begins by using computerized matching.Students are put together on the basis of their responses to housing form questions.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。大学合住室友由于喜好不同可能会引发矛盾，学校就此问题提出了解决方案。
1．Why is the twins' story mentioned
A．To describe college life.
B．To reveal the relationship of the twins.
C．To show the love between the sisters.
D．To present the phenomenon of roommate conflicts.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第一段及后文内容可知，提到双胞胎的故事是为了呈现室友冲突现象。
2．What is the cause of most conflicts among roommates
A．They have opposite mindsets.
B．They argue over serious matters.
C．They differ greatly in life values.
D．They hold different preferences in some way.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，室友间产生冲突的原因是人们在某种程度上持有不同的偏好。
3．What does the underlined word “feud” in the last paragraph mean
A．Difference. B．Quarrel.
C．Competition. D．Disagreement.
解析：选B 词义猜测题。根据画线词前后的内容可知，学校采取了一些措施来尽量避免室友之间会出现的争执。故画线词与B项词义相近。
4．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Identical Twins Living Together Again in College
B．Roommate Conflicts, Common and Unavoidable
C．Roommate Contracts, Useful in Solving Conflicts
D．Roommate Conflicts Affecting Students' Psychology
解析：选B 标题归纳题。第一段中通过列举两个双胞胎姐妹和室友的矛盾引出讨论话题，接下来的段落中作者阐述了学校对此问题的解决方法。所以B项“室友冲突是常见的而且不可避免吗？”适合作本文标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2023·济南模拟)My son was one of the students who served as a volunteer in different services while in a high school.Nowadays it is common for high schools to have a volunteer service hour minimum as a part of their graduation __5__.One day, I asked him why he worked long hours voluntarily every week.He gave me a reply __6__ his years.He said, “Mom, you should not do community service just because it was __7__ and you just need to turn it in.You should do it because of the effect it has.” In many ways his opinion is __8__ reasonable, and though the service hour requirement actually does get students to participate in volunteer work in their communities, does it __9__ them to volunteer in the future
In some cases, no.A study found that when 8th graders in some schools were asked to accumulate (积累) __10__ volunteer hours, those same students were no longer doing any service by their senior year of high school.It __11__ that mandatory (强制的) volunteer hours led to a “potential __12__ in long－term volunteering”. However, other researchers discovered that young people were more likely to __13__ and attend civic (公民的) life in other ways as a result of their __14__ to community service in high school.
If teens __15__ the significance of doing volunteer work and do it with a bit of enthusiasm, serving others in their communities will bring in a lot of unexpected __16__.My son's exposure to a variety of non－profits during his high school years led him to __17__ a service scholarship for college, where he is now required to complete seventy－five hours per semester.But to him, this is __18__ a requirement; actually he has benefited a lot more than that.__19__ is what he has always wanted to do.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者的儿子对志愿者活动的见解，并提出志愿者要出于自愿而参加，并非因为学校分配而完成任务。
5．A.achievements B．requirements
C．arguments D．agreements
解析：选B 根据上文“have a volunteer service hour minimum as a part of their graduation”可知，此处指的是毕业要求。
6．A.beyond B．of
C．within D．for
解析：选A 根据作者儿子的回答可知，他说了一段深刻而有意义的话，这段话出乎作者的意料，因此此处表示这是一个超越他年龄的答复。
7．A.ordered B．commanded
C．assigned D．demanded
解析：选C 社区给的任务应该是分配(assign)。
8．A.hardly B．merely
C．absolutely D．previously
解析：选C 根据语境可知，此处表示作者对儿子的见解表示赞同，所以用absolutely修饰reasonable。
9．A.inspire B．force
C．cause D．persuade
解析：选A 根据语境可知，作者认同儿子的说法，但是又提出了疑问，不知道这样的活动是否能激励(inspire)学生将来去做志愿者。
10．A.tough B．specific
C．random D．rough
解析：选B 根据上文可知，学校要求学生参加至少一个小时的志愿活动，因此，这至少一小时是特定的。
11．A.advocated B．recommended
C．believed D．concluded
解析：选D 由报告得出的应该是结论(conclude)。
12．A.gain B．power
C．suffering D．loss
解析：选D 根据“mandatory volunteer hours”可知，学校强制执行志愿者活动会导致不好的后果，学生们之后可能比较反感志愿者活动，会导致志愿服务的“潜在损失”。
13．A.vote B．hate
C．escape D．disapprove
解析：选A 根据句中的“attend civic life”可知，参加公民活动应采用投票方式。
14．A.admiration B．exercise
C．curiosity D．exposure
解析：选D 根据语境及常识可知，年轻人在高中时做志愿者活动会与社区接触。下文的“exposure”也是提示。
15．A.neglect B．stress
C．realize D．weigh
解析：选C 此处表示如果年轻人了解了志愿者活动的意义，会意识到志愿服务的重要性。
16．A.results B．benefits
C．consequences D．effects
解析：选B 根据后一句可知，作者的儿子因为高中时参加了很多志愿者活动，大学时得了奖学金，这是参加志愿者活动带来的意料之外的好处。
17．A.quit B．receive
C．apply for D．pick out
解析：选B 此处表示获得大学的奖学金。
18．A.anything but B．nothing but
C．so far D．far from
解析：选D 根据文章内容可知，作者的儿子很愿意做志愿者活动，这对他来说不是要求，反倒是一种收获，从中得到了很多益处。far from意为“远不是”。
19．A.Giving back B．Going back
C．Taking off D．Showing off
解析：选A 作者的儿子十分愿意做志愿者，并从中得到了很多意料之外的益处，所以回馈社会也是他一直以来的梦想。
二、主题下的语基训练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①qualification □ ②volunteer □
③assign □ ④degree □
⑤diploma □ ⑥adolescent □
⑦compulsory □ ⑧effective □
⑨absorb □ ⑩concentrate □
award □ dictation □
entertainment □ experiment □
participate □ broaden □
improve □ access □
attend □ challenge □
(二)主题词汇训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Even though obesity is an issue, those students who are severely overweight would never actually participate in sports.
2．The government will take effective (effect) measures to solve problems that faced by those poor children.
3．To broaden (broad) our horizons, we English learners should pay more attention to things happening around the world.
4．Students have to learn to strike a balance between study and entertainment (entertain)．
5．We could not concentrate on the lesson because the room was noisy.
6．Mike found a challenging (challenge) job as a computer programmer.
7．It's only a small improvement (improve), but at least it's a step in the right direction.
8．After retiring, she became involved in voluntary (volunteer) service in the local community.
Ⅱ.写出下列句中加黑部分的汉语意思
1．In China, it is our right and obligation to take compulsory education.义务的
2．Each graduate standing on the playground, who was accompanied by a parent, would be awarded a diploma by the headmaster.被颁发毕业证书
3．A little adolescent rebellion is commonly believed to be healthy.青春期的
4．When I taught, I would assign a topic to students that they would write about.布置
5．It's a lot of information to absorb all at once.理解
6．Students must have access to good resources.(使用或见到的)机会3 / 9
必修一 UNIT 1 课时作业（一）
一、主题下的语篇训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023·苏州模拟)If your children's New Year wish lists are hard to distinguish, pity their teachers who have been struggling with confusing schoolwork ever since schools reopened.
“Younger kids failed to learn letter patterns and formations while older kids lose speed and clearness without regular practice during the shutdown of schools，” says Sheilagh Blyth, an occupational therapist (治疗专家) who studies handwriting.
Of course, it's a symptom of a wider problem.As Amanda Spielman, the head of Ofsted (Office for Standards in Education), indicated handwriting puts an added burden on parents — it's long been an aspect of children's school books that they analyze at home.
“This is a big problem for my almost 10－year－old，” says one mother.“When they sent two year's worth of his books back together, the degradation (退化) was severe and it hasn't recovered.”
Another mother worries that her younger son has fallen behind compared with his older brother.“His handwriting is definitely not where I think it should be，” she says.
Blyth warns handwriting needs to be practised regularly and that students need to practise the letter formation and joined－up writing to write well in exams.“Learning handwriting doesn't just happen as there are increasingly fewer day－to－day opportunities to write with a pen or pencil，” says Gill Budgell, an educational consultant who wrote Penpals for Handwriting meant for 3－ to 11－year－olds.
The Write Dance Programme is an approach to teaching handwriting that is based on physical movement.Diana Strauss, who runs the programme in the UK with Nicole Barrons, says, “Whole body movement relaxes the shoulders and the arms and has a positive effect on physical tasks, which handwriting is.”
Diana is seeing more interest from schools in accessing the Write Dance Programme, which was developed in the 1960s by Ragnhild Oussoren, a Dutch graphologist (笔迹学家)．“We've been busy doing live training sessions, particularly with schools in Wales，” she adds.
Perhaps there is hope for Father Christmas and those gift wish lists after all.
1．Why are children's New Year wish lists mentioned in Paragraph 1
A．To describe children's longing for New Year gifts.
B．To make a comparison between parents and teachers.
C．To introduce the topic of children's handwriting in crisis.
D．To provide an explanation for children's bad handwriting.
2．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．Schools have long been shut down.
B．Children have recently returned to school.
C．Parents analyze their children's books at home.
D．Children's handwriting gets worse on school books.
3．What opinions do Blyth and Gill share in Paragraph 6
A．Good handwriting serves exams.
B．Learning handwriting is difficult.
C．Handwriting is important among 11－year－olds.
D．Regular practice counts in improving handwriting.
4．What can we learn about the Write Dance Programme
A．It has attracted more attention from schools.
B．It advocates carrying out physical tasks.
C．It was developed by Diana Strauss and Nicole Barrons.
D．Its training sessions have only covered schools in Wales.
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2023·秦皇岛模拟)I knew this dreaded day would come sooner or later.It came too fast and there I was, in the waiting room of the dental clinic, miserable with butterflies in my stomach.
My parents told me to sit up, stop wringing (拧) my hands, and take deep breaths to keep calm.It worked.I was calm for maybe two seconds when I heard my name being called.I pretended to be deaf but my mother touched me to get up.I forced myself to step forward and immediately stumbled (绊) over a toy and the boy who was playing with it.My clumsiness got me the attention of everyone in the room.Being stared at by so many pairs of eyes was too much and I hurried to the consultation room as fast as I could, leaving the boy crying for his broken toy.
I had refused my parents' offer to accompany me.I meant to show them that I was brave enough to face the treatment on my own.I regretted it right now.Thankfully, I forgot my anxiety as I looked around the dentist's room.Tools of different sizes were arranged neatly in a plate on the tiny table which was connected to a chair with buttons and a light hanging right over it.I avoided looking at my dentist in the eye as I took my seat on the chair shakily.
I tried to calm myself down, imaging how brave I would be.After a while, I was taken by great surprise when all of a sudden the chair moved and I was lying down facing the bright yellow light.When I caught sight of the dental drill on the plate, panic related to a bad childhood experience involving the drill kicked into me.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph 1：
I cried out and almost jumped out of the seat.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
My parents were waiting at the door anxiously when I ran out excitedly.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
二、主题下的语基训练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①scholarship □ ②revise/review □
③preview □ ④presentation □
⑤academy □ ⑥routine □
⑦discipline □ ⑧psychology □
⑨dismiss □ ⑩art/science □
assess □ register □
schedule □ tutor □
compete □ instruct □
equipment □ apply □
absent □ major □
(二)主题词汇训练
选词填空(有两词多余)
review, apply, routine, register, scholarship, assess, preview, schedule, instruct, compete
1．Winning a ______ gave Martin the chance to go to a college in one of the northern states.
2．The fault was discovered during a ______ check.
3．Don't worry if you don't understand everything.The teacher will ______ the main points at the end.
4．Did you ______ your lessons before the class so that you could listen to the teachers more carefully
5．Let me have a look at the list and I want to know how many students have ______ for English classes.
6．It is so good a habit to ______ children to lay things where they belong when they are young.
7．New technology is being ______ to almost every industrial process.
8．Due to the recent bad weather, the construction of the theatre will be two weeks behind ______.
课时作业(二)
一、主题下的语篇训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023·青岛模拟)Identical twins Kathy and Sophie arrived at college last year and determined to strike out on independent paths, so they had requested rooms in different dorms.While Kathy got along with her roommate, Sophie was miserable.She and her roommate silently warred over matters ranging from when the lights should be turned off to how the furniture should be arranged.Finally, they divided the room in two and gave up on oral communication.During this time, Sophie kept seeking comfort from Kathy.Before long, the two wanted to live together again.Sophie's roommate eventually agreed to move out.
Sophie's ability to solve her dilemma by rooming with her identical twin is unusual, but the conflict she faced is not.Most roommate conflicts spring from such small, annoying differences rather than from grand disagreements over abstract philosophical principles.One person likes quiet, while the other person spends two hours a day practicing the trumpet.One eats only organically produced vegetables and loves animals, while the other likes wearing fur and enjoys cutting up frogs in biology class.
When personalities don't mix, the excitement of being away at college can quickly fade away.Moreover, roommates can affect each other's psychological health.A recent study reports that depression in college roommates is often passed from one person to another.
Many schools have started conflict resolution programs to calm tensions that otherwise can build up like a volcano preparing to explode, ultimately resulting in physical violence.Some colleges have resorted to“roommate contracts” that all new students fill out and sign after attending a seminar on roommate relations.Students detail behavioral guidelines for their room, including acceptable hours for study and sleep, a policy for use of each other's possessions.Some schools try to head off the feud before it begins by using computerized matching.Students are put together on the basis of their responses to housing form questions.
1．Why is the twins' story mentioned
A．To describe college life.
B．To reveal the relationship of the twins.
C．To show the love between the sisters.
D．To present the phenomenon of roommate conflicts.
2．What is the cause of most conflicts among roommates
A．They have opposite mindsets.
B．They argue over serious matters.
C．They differ greatly in life values.
D．They hold different preferences in some way.
3．What does the underlined word “feud” in the last paragraph mean
A．Difference. B．Quarrel.
C．Competition. D．Disagreement.
4．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Identical Twins Living Together Again in College
B．Roommate Conflicts, Common and Unavoidable
C．Roommate Contracts, Useful in Solving Conflicts
D．Roommate Conflicts Affecting Students' Psychology
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2023·济南模拟)My son was one of the students who served as a volunteer in different services while in a high school.Nowadays it is common for high schools to have a volunteer service hour minimum as a part of their graduation __5__.One day, I asked him why he worked long hours voluntarily every week.He gave me a reply __6__ his years.He said, “Mom, you should not do community service just because it was __7__ and you just need to turn it in.You should do it because of the effect it has.” In many ways his opinion is __8__ reasonable, and though the service hour requirement actually does get students to participate in volunteer work in their communities, does it __9__ them to volunteer in the future
In some cases, no.A study found that when 8th graders in some schools were asked to accumulate (积累) __10__ volunteer hours, those same students were no longer doing any service by their senior year of high school.It __11__ that mandatory (强制的) volunteer hours led to a “potential __12__ in long－term volunteering”. However, other researchers discovered that young people were more likely to __13__ and attend civic (公民的) life in other ways as a result of their __14__ to community service in high school.
If teens __15__ the significance of doing volunteer work and do it with a bit of enthusiasm, serving others in their communities will bring in a lot of unexpected __16__.My son's exposure to a variety of non－profits during his high school years led him to __17__ a service scholarship for college, where he is now required to complete seventy－five hours per semester.But to him, this is __18__ a requirement; actually he has benefited a lot more than that.__19__ is what he has always wanted to do.
5．A.achievements B．requirements
C．arguments D．agreements
6．A.beyond B．of
C．within D．for
7．A.ordered B．commanded
C．assigned D．demanded
8．A.hardly B．merely
C．absolutely D．previously
9．A.inspire B．force
C．cause D．persuade
10．A.tough B．specific
C．random D．rough
11．A.advocated B．recommended
C．believed D．concluded
12．A.gain B．power
C．suffering D．loss
13．A.vote B．hate
C．escape D．disapprove
14．A.admiration B．exercise
C．curiosity D．exposure
15．A.neglect B．stress
C．realize D．weigh
16．A.results B．benefits
C．consequences D．effects
17．A.quit B．receive
C．apply for D．pick out
18．A.anything but B．nothing but
C．so far D．far from
19．A.Giving back B．Going back
C．Taking off D．Showing off
二、主题下的语基训练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①qualification □ ②volunteer □
③assign □ ④degree □
⑤diploma □ ⑥adolescent □
⑦compulsory □ ⑧effective □
⑨absorb □ ⑩concentrate □
award □ dictation □
entertainment □ experiment □
participate □ broaden □
improve □ access □
attend □ challenge □
(二)主题词汇训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Even though obesity is an issue, those students who are severely overweight would never actually participate ______ sports.
2．The government will take ______ (effect) measures to solve problems that faced by those poor children.
3．To ______ (broad) our horizons, we English learners should pay more attention to things happening around the world.
4．Students have to learn to strike a balance between study and ______ (entertain)．
5．We could not concentrate ______ the lesson because the room was noisy.
6．Mike found a ______ (challenge) job as a computer programmer.
7．It's only a small ______ (improve), but at least it's a step in the right direction.
8．After retiring, she became involved in ______ (volunteer) service in the local community.
Ⅱ.写出下列句中加黑部分的汉语意思
1．In China, it is our right and obligation to take compulsory education.______
2．Each graduate standing on the playground, who was accompanied by a parent, would be awarded a diploma by the headmaster.______
3．A little adolescent rebellion is commonly believed to be healthy.______
4．When I taught, I would assign a topic to students that they would write about.______
5．It's a lot of information to absorb all at once.______
6．Students must have access to good resources.______10 / 10
必修一 UNIT 2 课时作业(一)
一、主题下的语篇训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2023·石家庄模拟)My Ph.D.adviser informed me I had failed my qualifying exam on my third attempt, which meant dismissal from the program.How was it possible that one exam — one hour of my life — could define me as unfit to be a scientist
I wasn't sure what to expect when I started my Ph.D.program.I struggled with my classes during my first year, spending countless hours studying in the library.I ended that year with increased confidence.But soon my confidence went when I made my first attempt at the qualifying exam.I had switched research project five months earlier, after my first adviser left the university, so I wasn't so confident going into the exam.Besides, I had never taken an oral exam before, so the experience was terrifying.
Once it was over, my committee told me I'd conditionally passed, which meant I had to take more time to study and prepare to talk about the topic further.I was shaken but still hopeful.But when I retook the exam, I failed again.That's when I was told I'd have one more chance.
For the next five months, I asked my committee chairs for guidance and practiced answering oral questions.I even stopped doing lab work to focus on my exam preparations.I was all in.
When the exam was over, I left the room feeling a mix of fear and relief.But those feelings changed to disappointment the next day after I learned I'd failed.I speak Spanish at home, but I have difficulty translating even the simplest scientific concepts into Spanish.This hampered (妨碍) my ability to comfortably speak the expected “language of science”．
My adviser requested to reinstate (恢复) me to the Ph.D.program, and I'm now back to working on my doctorate.I still have a little voice in the back of my head that I'm not good enough.But I try to stop it by surrounding myself with professors who support me and by staying focused on developing into the great scientist I know I can be.I am much more than that one－hour exam.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己在攻读博士学位时，尽管经历很多次失败，但仍不气馁，始终都意志坚定地坚持自己成为科学家的梦想。
1．How did the author feel by the end of the first year
A．Confident. B．Terrified.
C．Worn out. D．At a loss.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I ended that year with increased confidence.”可知，在第一年年底时，作者感觉到特别有信心。
2．Why did the author switch her research project
A．She found it too hard for her.
B．Her adviser dismissed her from it.
C．She failed the qualifying exam.
D．Her adviser no longer worked there.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I had switched research project five months earlier, after my first adviser left the university”可知，她的导师已不再在那里工作了，所以她改变了研究项目。
3．What affected her performance in the third exam
A．Lack of preparation.
B．Decreased confidence.
C．Insufficient language skills.
D．Too much time on lab work.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“I speak Spanish at home, but I have difficulty translating even the simplest scientific concepts into Spanish.”可知，是因为她的语言技能不足影响了她在第三次考试中的表现。
4．Which word can best describe the author
A．Intelligent. B．Sensitive.
C．Energetic. D．Determined.
解析：选D 推理判断题。结合全文及最后一段中的第三句可知，作者在攻读博士学位时，尽管经历很多次失败，但仍不气馁，始终在坚持自己成为科学家的梦想。由此可以推断出作者是一个意志坚定的人。
B
(2023·南通模拟)One of the greatest tests of a parent's patience comes at night when you are trying to get your children to fall asleep.You know you need to rock them, stroke their backs or just keep a comforting hand on them until they nod off.But that time is playing a zero－sum game (零和游戏) with your own need for sleep and something else you need to do: work, zone out on Netflix or just enjoy the quiet after the kids have gone to sleep.
When my older daughter was just a baby, I figured out a way to control my impatience: I'd count to 100, along with the slow back－and－forth sway or the calm and steady strokes of her back.It gave me the light at the end of the tunnel that almost always did the trick.My impatience would die down because I knew that I'd reach the goal.
The result was surprising.By not thinking over the activities waiting for me, I focused on my daughter instead.The numbers from 1 to 100 became the calm breath.I couldn't hold complex thoughts on the top of counting, so deeper emotions surfaced, specifically love and appreciation of the small person I was holding and touching.I was less likely to get pulled away by unnecessary streams of thoughts and soon began to deeply enjoy these moments.
My daughter benefited from the extended touch as well.Science shows that the physical touch releases three chemicals in our brain associated with emotional and physical health benefits.These chemicals promote feelings of happiness and well－being, and increase pleasure while regulating mood and relieving anxiety.By holding and stroking our children, we're conveying safety and trust, relieving stress and activating (激活) our bodies' special nerves.This is what actual bonding with our child looks like.
My daughter is 11 years old now, and I still continue this nighttime ritual (惯例): Give her comforting and loving strokes and frequent hugs, maintaining a physical connection.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过改进自己哄孩子睡觉的方式，与女儿建立了牢固的感情纽带。
5．What probably causes parents to be extremely impatient at night
A．Making their children fall asleep.
B．Staying up late for extra work.
C．Facing too much housework.
D．Searching for information online.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，哄孩子睡觉很消磨家长的耐心。
6．What happened to the author when he was counting numbers
A．He got completely lost in thought.
B．He thought of traveling through the tunnel.
C．He came to realize his deep love for his child.
D．He was constantly interrupted by other thoughts.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“... specifically love and appreciation of the small person I was holding and touching”可知，作者在从1数到100的过程中意识到了对孩子怀有的深深爱意。
7．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A．Ways to calm ourselves down.
B．Advantages of the physical touch.
C．Benefits of keeping a good mood.
D．Roles of special chemicals in brains.
解析：选B 段落大意题。第四段主要讲了身体接触的好处，而A、C、D三项均为文中的细节，存在以偏概全。故B项“身体接触的优点”可概括本段主旨。
8．What could be the best title for the text
A．The challenge for children to fall asleep
B．The balance between family and career
C．A solution to conveying my impatience
D．A night routine to bond with my daughter
解析：选D 标题归纳题。根据文章第一段及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述如何正确地哄孩子睡觉，以及作者自己的体验和收获。故D项适合作本文标题。
Ⅱ.应用文写作
(2023·杭州模拟)某英语报社现面向中学生征文，主题是分享帮助父母做家务的感受及收获。请你以“The First Time I Shared Housework”为题，写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1．做家务的经历；
2．你的感受和收获。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________
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_______________________________________________________
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参考范文：
The First Time I Shared Housework
I used to do no housework, but what my teacher said at the beginning of the term changed everything. In the first class of this term, my teacher advised us to share housework. One Sunday, when I saw my mother washing clothes, I wanted to have a try. I thought it easy to use washing machines. My mother instructed me patiently but I was still awkward. After finishing it, I felt tired. This experience made me realize how great my mother is. Now, whenever I'm at home, I'll manage to spare some time to help with housework.
二、主题下的语基训练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①stressed □ ②diligent □
③terrify □ ④frustration □
⑤condemn □ ⑥depression □
⑦bore □ ⑧shame □
⑨intense □ ⑩complain □
cheerful □ anxious □
disappointed □ friction □
blame □ blue □
scary □ ashamed □
prejudice □ convince □
(二)主题词汇训练
单句语法填空
1．Studies show that too much multitasking can lead to increased stress, anxiety (anxious) and memory loss.
2．She is ashamed (shame) of her past and doesn't want anyone to know about it.
3．Get the colour wrong and it could cause fear, depression (depress) and anxiety, but the right yellow can lift spirits and self－respect.
4．I've tried very hard to live up to my parents' expectations and not to let them be disappointed (disappoint)．
5．After the victory, all the players of the team were cheerful (cheer)．
6．Parents tend to complain about how children spend so much time on computer games.
7．She was partly to blame for failing to look around as she crossed the road.
8．When someone talks, everyone is expected to listen, no matter how boring (bore) the person's speaking may be.
课时作业(二)
一、主题下的语篇训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023·蚌埠模拟)Do you sometimes ignore your mom while chatting with friends Researchers already knew that younger kids' brains respond more strongly to their mom's voice than to a stranger's.But as kids turn teens, everything changes.“In adolescence, we show the exact opposite of that，” says Daniel Abrams, a neuroscientist at Stanford University who led a new research.This shift in what voice stimulates interest most seems to happen between ages 13 and 14.That's when teenagers are in the course of puberty (青春期), a roughly decade－long transition into adulthood.
The researchers scanned the brains of 7 to 16－year－olds as they listened to things said by their mothers or by unfamiliar women.The words were purely inane:_such as teebudieshawlt, keebudieshawlt and peebudieshawlt.As the kids listened to such rubbish words, certain parts of their brains became active.This was especially true in brain regions that help us to detect rewards and pay attention.That's exactly as it should be, Abrams adds.
These areas in the adolescent brain don't stop responding to mom.It's just that unfamiliar voices become more rewarding and worthy of attention.“As kids grow up, they interact with more people apart from their family.Their survival depends less and less on maternal (母亲的) support.They rely more and more on their peers — friends and others closer to their own age，” says Leslie Seltzer, a biological anthropologist at the University of Wisconsin－Madison.“So their brains need to begin paying more attention to that wider world.The brain seems to adapt to new needs that come with adolescence.”
But mothers' voices still have special power, especially in times of stress.So while both teens and their parents may sometimes feel upset by missed messages, that's okay, Abrams says.“This is the way the brain is wired, and there's a good reason for it.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章通过一项研究说明了随着社交圈子的扩展，青少年的关注范围不再局限于家庭内部，相反，他们会更在意外面的事物。
1．What did the new research find
A．Younger kids are more sensitive to a stranger's voice.
B．Teens are less dependent on their moms than little kids.
C．Puberty is the key period for teens to develop their interests.
D．Teens pay more attention to strange voices than their moms'.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第一段第二、三句可知，这项新的研究发现，相对于妈妈的声音，不熟悉的声音更能吸引青少年的注意力。
2．What does the underlined word “inane” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Abstract. B．Meaningless.
C．Hard to spell. D．Impossible to read.
解析：选B 词义猜测题。根据画线词后列举的具体词语以及“As the kids listened to such rubbish words”可知，所列举的这些词语都是一些无意义的词，故画线词意为“没有意义的”，与B项词义相近。
3．Why do teens respond strongly to strangers' voice according to Leslie Seltzer
A．Their social interaction expands.
B．They gradually mature in mind.
C．They don't need family support.
D．It is rewarding for their future success.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第三段中引用的 Leslie Seltzer的话可知，随着社交圈子变大，青少年的关注范围也扩展了，不再局限于家庭内部(尤其是妈妈)。
4．In which part of a newspaper can we probably see the text
A．Lifestyle. B．Sports and fitness.
C．Science. D．Breaking news.
解析：选C 文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文介绍的是一项科学研究成果。因此，它可能出现在报纸上的“科学版块”。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2023·安阳模拟)
How to Be the Best Sports Parent
When you are the parent of a child who loves, and is good at sports, it can be easy to push them too hard to achieve their goals or to go completely the other way and be too loose.It can be stressful if you are a sports parent looking to do your best.__5__
Give them more independence
If you want your sports－loving child to really achieve their full potential, you need to learn how to loosen the reins (缰绳) a little.The more independence you can give your child, the better they will be able to experiment with techniques.__6__ As long as they are not in any danger, it will be a great life lesson for them.
Encourage academic studies
When your child is the best gymnast on the team, it is easy to pin all your hopes on that, but even if your child does get to be a sporting success, having a solid academic education behind them will give them more options if they should not wish to pursue sports.__7__ That will help them to succeed even more effectively in their sports.
Have fun
As a family, you should make a point of having as much fun together as possible on and off the field.You can go to games, then go out for pizza, see a movie, and play board games.__8__ Not only that, but if you show your child that academic performance is equally as important as sports, it will help to take some of the pressure off them too.
__9__ However, if you love them, nurture their talent and let them have lots of fun times among the training, you can probably strike the right balance for them, and for you as a parent too.
A．No matter what, you just enjoy being together.
B．Be the kind of person you would like them to be.
C．Smart kids are also better at working out techniques.
D．Being the parent of a talented sports girl or boy can be tough.
E．Here are a few things that might help you to get the balance right.
F．Many parents miss out on the joy of seeing their kids succeed at present.
G．They might take a wrong turn, but that will just help to build their character.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就“如何成为最好的体育家长”列举了一些可能有助于你保持平衡的建议。
5．解析：选E 空处是首段尾句。根据上文内容及下文提出的几条建议可知，空处在文中起承上启下的作用。故选项E“这里有一些建议可能会帮助你获得正确的平衡”符合语境。
6．解析：选G 根据本段小标题“Give them more independence”可知，本段主要围绕“给孩子独立的选择”展开。根据上下文可知，家长要多给孩子一些可以独立的机会，不要顾虑太多。选项G“他们可能会走一个错误的方向，但这将有助于塑造他们的性格”与本段话题一致，且能自然衔接上下文。
7．解析：选C 根据下文“That will help them to succeed even more effectively in their sports.”可知，空处内容要与下文中的“That”指代一致。故选项C“聪明的孩子也更善于锻炼技能”符合语境。
8．解析：选A 根据本段小标题“Have fun”及上文可知，吃披萨、看电影、玩棋盘游戏等都可以算作是娱乐活动。选项A“不管做什么，享受在一起的时光”与此处话题一致且能衔接上下文。
9．解析：选D 本文就“如何成为最好的体育家长”列举了一些建议，本段对本文作最后的总结。选项D“做一个有天赋的运动女孩或男孩的父母可能很不容易”与本文首段主题相呼应，且引起下文。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2023·南通模拟)As a typical example of Chinese etiquette (礼仪), the coming－of－age ceremony __1__ (aim) at reminding young people entering adulthood that only by __2__ (assume) adult responsibilities and practicing good virtue can they become qualified for social roles.
With 100 days __3__ (go) before the college entrance examination, our school __4__ (hold) a coming－of－age ceremony for Senior 3 students.After the flag－raising, we students raised our right hands and articulated our oath (誓言) to become a qualified adult citizen.__5__ (accompany) by a symphony, our parents beamed with pride and decorated us with coming－of－age medals.
The student representative gave a __6__ (motivation) speech.Later, three students and I recited a poem — Everyone Has a Dream in the Youth and I'll Help My Country Be Stronger.Affected by the poem, we felt the responsibility __7__ we should assume to strive for our motherland.
Our principal asked us to stand face to face with our parents.When I took my parents' hands and __8__ (gentle) stroked them, I could not help but feel guilty for continuous complaints __9__ my parents and tears began to fall.My parents patted me on the back to comfort me.It was __10__ warm scene for every family present.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者参加成人礼的过程以及这给作者带来的感悟。
1．is aimed 考查动词的时态和语态。be aimed at doing sth.是固定短语，意为“旨在；以……为目的”；此处应用一般现在时，表示客观情况。
2．assuming 考查非谓语动词。介词后应跟动名词作宾语。by doing sth.意为“通过做某事”。
3．to go 考查非谓语动词。此处为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。根据句意可知，距离高考还有100天，此处表将来，应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。
4．held 考查动词时态。空处应填谓语动词。根据下文可知，成人礼已经举行了，应用一般过去时。
5．Accompanied 考查非谓语动词。空处应填非谓语动词作状语，且our parents与accompany之间构成被动关系，应用过去分词形式。
6．motivational 考查形容词。空处应填形容词，作定语修饰名词speech。motivation的形容词为motivational。
7．that/which 考查定语从句。空处应填定语从句的引导词，先行词为responsibility，定语从句的引导词作assume的宾语，应用关系代词that/which引导。
8．gently 考查副词。空处应填副词修饰动词stroked。
9．about/against 考查介词。complaint常与介词about/against搭配，表示“对……有怨言；抱怨……”。
10．a 考查冠词。此处表示泛指，意为“一个温暖的场景”，应用不定冠词，且warm以辅音音素开头，故填a。
二、主题下的语基训练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①scold □ ②suspect □
③attractive □ ④awkward □
⑤accuse □ ⑥trust □
⑦grateful □ ⑧horrible □
⑨belief □ ⑩satisfy □
amaze □ sorrow □
panic □ admire □
astonish □ embarrassed □
doubt □ appreciation □
disgust □ discouraged □
(二)主题词汇训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．All those after－school activities make our school life attractive (attract) and interesting.
2．I'm so grateful to my mom for the love and support she has given me.
3．When it was my turn to deliver a speech, I was so nervous and embarrassed (embarrass)．
4．I feel doubtful (doubt) about whether he will agree to the plan or not.
5．They accuse the state of chasing growth at the expense of health, education and infrastructure.
6．To our astonishment (astonish), there was a light in one of the cabins.
7．I shouldn't have watched that movie — it'll give me horrible (horror) dreams.
Ⅱ.写出下列句中加黑词的汉语意思
1．She suspected that one of her three daughters had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn't.怀疑
2．Some women might have found it socially awkward to appear in public wearing shirts that buttoned from the right, since anyone who noticed that would believe they were wearing men's shirts.尴尬的
3．The scene of people talking with their mouths full of foods made me feel disgust.厌恶，反感
4．During the Mid－Autumn Festival, family members often gather together to share a meal, admire the moon and enjoy mooncakes.欣赏
5．She works very hard in return for the appreciation from her boss.赏识10 / 10
必修一 UNIT 2 课时作业(一)
一、主题下的语篇训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2023·石家庄模拟)My Ph.D.adviser informed me I had failed my qualifying exam on my third attempt, which meant dismissal from the program.How was it possible that one exam — one hour of my life — could define me as unfit to be a scientist
I wasn't sure what to expect when I started my Ph.D.program.I struggled with my classes during my first year, spending countless hours studying in the library.I ended that year with increased confidence.But soon my confidence went when I made my first attempt at the qualifying exam.I had switched research project five months earlier, after my first adviser left the university, so I wasn't so confident going into the exam.Besides, I had never taken an oral exam before, so the experience was terrifying.
Once it was over, my committee told me I'd conditionally passed, which meant I had to take more time to study and prepare to talk about the topic further.I was shaken but still hopeful.But when I retook the exam, I failed again.That's when I was told I'd have one more chance.
For the next five months, I asked my committee chairs for guidance and practiced answering oral questions.I even stopped doing lab work to focus on my exam preparations.I was all in.
When the exam was over, I left the room feeling a mix of fear and relief.But those feelings changed to disappointment the next day after I learned I'd failed.I speak Spanish at home, but I have difficulty translating even the simplest scientific concepts into Spanish.This hampered (妨碍) my ability to comfortably speak the expected “language of science”．
My adviser requested to reinstate (恢复) me to the Ph.D.program, and I'm now back to working on my doctorate.I still have a little voice in the back of my head that I'm not good enough.But I try to stop it by surrounding myself with professors who support me and by staying focused on developing into the great scientist I know I can be.I am much more than that one－hour exam.
1．How did the author feel by the end of the first year
A．Confident. B．Terrified.
C．Worn out. D．At a loss.
2．Why did the author switch her research project
A．She found it too hard for her.
B．Her adviser dismissed her from it.
C．She failed the qualifying exam.
D．Her adviser no longer worked there.
3．What affected her performance in the third exam
A．Lack of preparation.
B．Decreased confidence.
C．Insufficient language skills.
D．Too much time on lab work.
4．Which word can best describe the author
A．Intelligent. B．Sensitive.
C．Energetic. D．Determined.
B
(2023·南通模拟)One of the greatest tests of a parent's patience comes at night when you are trying to get your children to fall asleep.You know you need to rock them, stroke their backs or just keep a comforting hand on them until they nod off.But that time is playing a zero－sum game (零和游戏) with your own need for sleep and something else you need to do: work, zone out on Netflix or just enjoy the quiet after the kids have gone to sleep.
When my older daughter was just a baby, I figured out a way to control my impatience: I'd count to 100, along with the slow back－and－forth sway or the calm and steady strokes of her back.It gave me the light at the end of the tunnel that almost always did the trick.My impatience would die down because I knew that I'd reach the goal.
The result was surprising.By not thinking over the activities waiting for me, I focused on my daughter instead.The numbers from 1 to 100 became the calm breath.I couldn't hold complex thoughts on the top of counting, so deeper emotions surfaced, specifically love and appreciation of the small person I was holding and touching.I was less likely to get pulled away by unnecessary streams of thoughts and soon began to deeply enjoy these moments.
My daughter benefited from the extended touch as well.Science shows that the physical touch releases three chemicals in our brain associated with emotional and physical health benefits.These chemicals promote feelings of happiness and well－being, and increase pleasure while regulating mood and relieving anxiety.By holding and stroking our children, we're conveying safety and trust, relieving stress and activating (激活) our bodies' special nerves.This is what actual bonding with our child looks like.
My daughter is 11 years old now, and I still continue this nighttime ritual (惯例): Give her comforting and loving strokes and frequent hugs, maintaining a physical connection.
5．What probably causes parents to be extremely impatient at night
A．Making their children fall asleep.
B．Staying up late for extra work.
C．Facing too much housework.
D．Searching for information online.
6．What happened to the author when he was counting numbers
A．He got completely lost in thought.
B．He thought of traveling through the tunnel.
C．He came to realize his deep love for his child.
D．He was constantly interrupted by other thoughts.
7．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A．Ways to calm ourselves down.
B．Advantages of the physical touch.
C．Benefits of keeping a good mood.
D．Roles of special chemicals in brains.
8．What could be the best title for the text
A．The challenge for children to fall asleep
B．The balance between family and career
C．A solution to conveying my impatience
D．A night routine to bond with my daughter
Ⅱ.应用文写作
(2023·杭州模拟)某英语报社现面向中学生征文，主题是分享帮助父母做家务的感受及收获。请你以“The First Time I Shared Housework”为题，写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1．做家务的经历；
2．你的感受和收获。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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二、主题下的语基训练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①stressed □ ②diligent □
③terrify □ ④frustration □
⑤condemn □ ⑥depression □
⑦bore □ ⑧shame □
⑨intense □ ⑩complain □
cheerful □ anxious □
disappointed □ friction □
blame □ blue □
scary □ ashamed □
prejudice □ convince □
(二)主题词汇训练
单句语法填空
1．Studies show that too much multitasking can lead to increased stress, ______ (anxious) and memory loss.
2．She is ______ (shame) of her past and doesn't want anyone to know about it.
3．Get the colour wrong and it could cause fear, ______ (depress) and anxiety, but the right yellow can lift spirits and self－respect.
4．I've tried very hard to live up to my parents' expectations and not to let them be ______ (disappoint)．
5．After the victory, all the players of the team were ______ (cheer)．
6．Parents tend to complain ______ how children spend so much time on computer games.
7．She was partly to blame ______ failing to look around as she crossed the road.
8．When someone talks, everyone is expected to listen, no matter how ______ (bore) the person's speaking may be.
课时作业(二)
一、主题下的语篇训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023·蚌埠模拟)Do you sometimes ignore your mom while chatting with friends Researchers already knew that younger kids' brains respond more strongly to their mom's voice than to a stranger's.But as kids turn teens, everything changes.“In adolescence, we show the exact opposite of that，” says Daniel Abrams, a neuroscientist at Stanford University who led a new research.This shift in what voice stimulates interest most seems to happen between ages 13 and 14.That's when teenagers are in the course of puberty (青春期), a roughly decade－long transition into adulthood.
The researchers scanned the brains of 7 to 16－year－olds as they listened to things said by their mothers or by unfamiliar women.The words were purely inane:_such as teebudieshawlt, keebudieshawlt and peebudieshawlt.As the kids listened to such rubbish words, certain parts of their brains became active.This was especially true in brain regions that help us to detect rewards and pay attention.That's exactly as it should be, Abrams adds.
These areas in the adolescent brain don't stop responding to mom.It's just that unfamiliar voices become more rewarding and worthy of attention.“As kids grow up, they interact with more people apart from their family.Their survival depends less and less on maternal (母亲的) support.They rely more and more on their peers — friends and others closer to their own age，” says Leslie Seltzer, a biological anthropologist at the University of Wisconsin－Madison.“So their brains need to begin paying more attention to that wider world.The brain seems to adapt to new needs that come with adolescence.”
But mothers' voices still have special power, especially in times of stress.So while both teens and their parents may sometimes feel upset by missed messages, that's okay, Abrams says.“This is the way the brain is wired, and there's a good reason for it.”
1．What did the new research find
A．Younger kids are more sensitive to a stranger's voice.
B．Teens are less dependent on their moms than little kids.
C．Puberty is the key period for teens to develop their interests.
D．Teens pay more attention to strange voices than their moms'.
2．What does the underlined word “inane” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Abstract. B．Meaningless.
C．Hard to spell. D．Impossible to read.
3．Why do teens respond strongly to strangers' voice according to Leslie Seltzer
A．Their social interaction expands.
B．They gradually mature in mind.
C．They don't need family support.
D．It is rewarding for their future success.
4．In which part of a newspaper can we probably see the text
A．Lifestyle. B．Sports and fitness.
C．Science. D．Breaking news.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2023·安阳模拟)
How to Be the Best Sports Parent
When you are the parent of a child who loves, and is good at sports, it can be easy to push them too hard to achieve their goals or to go completely the other way and be too loose.It can be stressful if you are a sports parent looking to do your best.__5__
Give them more independence
If you want your sports－loving child to really achieve their full potential, you need to learn how to loosen the reins (缰绳) a little.The more independence you can give your child, the better they will be able to experiment with techniques.__6__ As long as they are not in any danger, it will be a great life lesson for them.
Encourage academic studies
When your child is the best gymnast on the team, it is easy to pin all your hopes on that, but even if your child does get to be a sporting success, having a solid academic education behind them will give them more options if they should not wish to pursue sports.__7__ That will help them to succeed even more effectively in their sports.
Have fun
As a family, you should make a point of having as much fun together as possible on and off the field.You can go to games, then go out for pizza, see a movie, and play board games.__8__ Not only that, but if you show your child that academic performance is equally as important as sports, it will help to take some of the pressure off them too.
__9__ However, if you love them, nurture their talent and let them have lots of fun times among the training, you can probably strike the right balance for them, and for you as a parent too.
A．No matter what, you just enjoy being together.
B．Be the kind of person you would like them to be.
C．Smart kids are also better at working out techniques.
D．Being the parent of a talented sports girl or boy can be tough.
E．Here are a few things that might help you to get the balance right.
F．Many parents miss out on the joy of seeing their kids succeed at present.
G．They might take a wrong turn, but that will just help to build their character.
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2023·南通模拟)As a typical example of Chinese etiquette (礼仪), the coming－of－age ceremony __1__ (aim) at reminding young people entering adulthood that only by __2__ (assume) adult responsibilities and practicing good virtue can they become qualified for social roles.
With 100 days __3__ (go) before the college entrance examination, our school __4__ (hold) a coming－of－age ceremony for Senior 3 students.After the flag－raising, we students raised our right hands and articulated our oath (誓言) to become a qualified adult citizen.__5__ (accompany) by a symphony, our parents beamed with pride and decorated us with coming－of－age medals.
The student representative gave a __6__ (motivation) speech.Later, three students and I recited a poem — Everyone Has a Dream in the Youth and I'll Help My Country Be Stronger.Affected by the poem, we felt the responsibility __7__ we should assume to strive for our motherland.
Our principal asked us to stand face to face with our parents.When I took my parents' hands and __8__ (gentle) stroked them, I could not help but feel guilty for continuous complaints __9__ my parents and tears began to fall.My parents patted me on the back to comfort me.It was __10__ warm scene for every family present.
二、主题下的语基训练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①scold □ ②suspect □
③attractive □ ④awkward □
⑤accuse □ ⑥trust □
⑦grateful □ ⑧horrible □
⑨belief □ ⑩satisfy □
amaze □ sorrow □
panic □ admire □
astonish □ embarrassed □
doubt □ appreciation □
disgust □ discouraged □
(二)主题词汇训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．All those after－school activities make our school life ______ (attract) and interesting.
2．I'm so grateful ______ my mom for the love and support she has given me.
3．When it was my turn to deliver a speech, I was so nervous and ______ (embarrass)．
4．I feel ______ (doubt) about whether he will agree to the plan or not.
5．They accuse the state ______ chasing growth at the expense of health, education and infrastructure.
6．To our ______ (astonish), there was a light in one of the cabins.
7．I shouldn't have watched that movie — it'll give me ______ (horror) dreams.
Ⅱ.写出下列句中加黑词的汉语意思
1．She suspected that one of her three daughters had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn't.______
2．Some women might have found it socially awkward to appear in public wearing shirts that buttoned from the right, since anyone who noticed that would believe they were wearing men's shirts.______
3．The scene of people talking with their mouths full of foods made me feel disgust.______
4．During the Mid－Autumn Festival, family members often gather together to share a meal, admire the moon and enjoy mooncakes.______
5．She works very hard in return for the appreciation from her boss.______9 / 9
必修一 UNIT 3 课时作业
一、主题下的语篇训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023·成都模拟)Almost two years ago, I stood on a dormitory balcony (宿舍阳台), joined hands with my three closest friends and listened to one of them tell a story about four girls with different backgrounds and gifts who left home and went to college at a place called Happy Valley.
After we left our friend's apartment that last night of our freshman year, we ended up on the lawn, playing frisbee (飞盘游戏) and sitting on the dormitory steps talking for hours.Alisa, Karen, Gabriolle and I had spent that day together just being freshmen — going to the sandwich shop for the last lunch of the term, trying on each other's clothes, watching movies and acting like we would never see each other again.For freshmen, and especially for us, saying goodbye at the end of the first year can feel like saying goodbye forever.
My advice to any freshmen is to cherish those moments.You may grow completely apart from the people you spent your first year with.Even if you have almost forgotten your freshman year roommates two years later, you can never replace that year and the completely new feeling that your first year of college brings.We learned more outside the classroom than we learned inside it.That dormitory is where we learned the lessons of our freshman years.I think the main lesson I learned was what true friendship is.
The story Alisa told on that balcony is far from over.I sometimes wonder if the following is how it will end: “...and those four little girls grew up and realized their dreams.They found themselves all over the country, from farms, to cities, doing everything they wanted to do — a computer technician, a physician, a lawyer, and an architect.And occasionally they would make it back to reunions at that valley and see their friends, laughing about the good times.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者回忆了大学第一年即将结束时与室友共同度过的美好一天，并告诫其他大学新生要珍惜大学一年级发展的友谊。
1．Why did the author stand on a dormitory balcony
A．To read a storybook.
B．To play frisbee with her friends.
C．To enjoy the view of Happy Valley.
D．To listen to a story told by her friend.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，作者站在宿舍阳台上是为了听朋友讲故事。
2．What does the second paragraph mainly focus on
A．A school party.
B．Four girls' daily life.
C．A common scene described in Happy Valley.
D．The last day four girls spent in their freshman year.
解析：选D 段落大意题。根据第二段第一句以及最后一句可知，本段主要讲述了四个女孩度过的大一生活的最后一天。
3．What suggestion does the author give to other freshmen
A．Sharing personal stories with their close friends.
B．Treasuring unforgettable moments they have made.
C．Remembering to help their close friends wherever they are.
D．Inviting their close friends to attend their graduation ceremonies.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“My advice to any freshmen is to cherish those moments.”可知，作者建议大一新生要珍惜大一的生活。
4．What does the end of the story suggest
A．Every dog has his day.
B．True friendship lasts forever.
C．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
D．There are many passers－by in one's life.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，最后一段的结尾暗示了这四个女孩将来虽然都有了各自的生活，但是她们的友谊长存。
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On my seventh birthday, I got a gift from my father, which was a book titled Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians. It was my favourite. I kept it under my pillow and read every page over and over every night enjoying the pictures of colourful animals. Some of the snakes were the most beautiful creatures I had ever seen.
Little did I know that my book would end up saving a life.
Years ago, my family moved into a new house near the woods. My father built a sandbox in our yard. The cat sometimes used the sandbox for a litter box, so my father had to put a plastic cover over it.When I wanted to build sand castles, I had to pull the cover off.
One day before dinner, I ran to the sandbox to build a miniature city. I pulled off the plastic cover, and there in the sandbox was a snake. It was lying very still, all coiled up (蜷缩), and it was beautiful. The snake had rings of colour around it. I had seen a picture just like it in my guidebook, and I remembered that it was one of the prettiest snakes in it. It said in the book that the poisonous coral snake looked very much like the harmless king snake; the only difference was in the order of the colours. I ran inside to get the guidebook.
“Mom! Mom! There's a snake in the sandbox！” I yelled. “I have to find out what kind it is！”
Mom came running. “Don't touch it, Chris! It might be poisonous！”
Dad was at work, so my mother went to get our neighbour, Mr Cook.
“Mr Cook！” my mother yelled across the fence, “We have a snake in the sandbox, and it might be poisonous！”
Mr Cook was retired and lived with his wife in the house on the other side of our back fence. He came running toward the gate with a shovel and tried to kill the snake.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph 1：
“Wait！” I shouted, waving the guidebook in my hand.
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Paragraph 2：
“So what to do now？” Mr Cook put down the shovel.
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参考范文：
Paragraph 1：
“Wait！” I shouted, waving the guidebook in my hand. “Let me have a check！” I yelled at the top of my throat, and then observed the snake carefully. I really want to keep the little snake alive because I love the little, lovely creature. So cautious was I that I couldn't think anything else; the only sound rang in my mind was “Save it！” I could even felt my heart pounding ever wildly in my chest because I was pretty nervous. Ultimately, I made a judgement. “It's not a poisonous but a harmless snake，” I said with extremely excitement.
Paragraph 2：
“So what to do now？” Mr Cook put down the shovel. Without any doubt that we should let it out, but where It suddenly dawned on me that king snake prefer warm dry places, which was why the snake in my sandbox. “Maybe we can put it in the weeds there always under the sunshine.” “Hmm. OK. We'll do it，” Mr Cook replied after thinking a while. Finally, Mr Cook and I brought the harmless snake to the woods and made it back to nature. Full satisfaction I had, this experience not only gives me a chance to see the snake but also let me know the importance of the harmony between people and nature.
二、主题下的语基训练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①manner □ ②guilty □
③respect □ ④quarrel □
⑤sensitive □ ⑥forgive □
⑦workmate □ ⑧conflict □
⑨distant □ considerate □
neighbor □ harmony □
cooperate □ argue □
attitude □ acquaintance □
sincerely □ misunderstand □
disagreement □ apologize □
(二)主题词汇训练
Ⅰ.选词填空(有两词多余)
harmony， attitude， guilty， sensitive， misunderstand， considerate， quarrel， acquaintance
1．I feel rather guilty for the loss I have caused because of my carelessness.
2．A quarrel arose because they misunderstood each other's opinion.
3．Everyone ought to have a positive attitude to the campaign with the disease.
4．In return for your considerate care during my trip in Britain, I will serve as a guide.
5．All the members in my family live in harmony.
6．I suggest that you should not be too sensitive to what others say.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．I'm writing to apologize for not being (be) able to go to the botanical garden with you this weekend.
2．He has taught me to always take a positive attitude towards/to everything.
3．I sincerely (sincere) hope you enjoy learning Chinese calligraphy!
4．Being responsible, honest and selfless, he is_respected (respect) by everyone.
5．Two friends had an argument (argue) that broke up their friendship forever.
6．You can keep your disagreement (disagree) and try your best to accept each other.
7．You should behave in a good manner in the public.
课时作业(二)
一、主题下的语篇训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023·重庆调研)My kids sit in Gee's living room and gently lift the New Year ornaments (装饰品) out of a well－loved cardboard box.Gee stands beside them, quietly explaining each treasure.She tells them that she and Tom built their ornament collection piece by piece during each year's after－New Year sale.She smiles as we leave with the box. Her precious ornaments, gathered over a lifetime, have found a new home.
We first met Tom and Gee in the early days of our marriage.Someone had been returning our garbage cans to the garage each garbage day, and Jim and I had wondered who.Then one day we spotted him: an elderly man who lived across the street.
I baked cookies and left them in a chair outside the garage with a thank－you note.When we got home from work that day, a typed letter had replaced the gift.The letter was from Tom and explained how he had come to walk the neighbourhood on garbage day, returning garbage cans for people he barely knew.
Then, his young wife, Gee, found herself living alone.Neighbours had taken the time to handle her garbage cans.
We photocopied that letter and attached it to one of our own for Gee.We told her how special Tom had been to us, how we grieved (悲伤) for her, and how thankful we were to have known him.
When Gee invited us over to look through the New Year ornaments, I realized how hard it must be to part with that box, a piece of Tom.It's the man who lets our kids pick peaches off the tree in his front yard.It's the ladies who call Tom when their pool filter breaks.
These days, we're piling up boxes of our own.We are planning a move, but Jim and I agree to wait until January.This New Year, we'll decorate our furniture with Gee's ornaments, out of the box that is labeled in Tom's handwriting.Thank you, I'll say, for teaching us what it means to be a neighbour.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章简述了作者邻居间发生的暖人的故事，作者由此感悟到了做邻居的意义。
1．How did the writer begin the passage
A．By showing a fact.
B．By giving an example.
C．By presenting a scene.
D．By introducing the characters.
解析：选C 写作手法题。通读第一段可知，作者开篇描述了一个场景。
2．What kind of person was Tom according to the writer
A．Grateful and ambitious.
B．Successful and friendly.
C．Hard－working and hopeful.
D．Kind and helpful.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Someone had been returning our garbage cans ...lived across the street.”和第三段中的“The letter was ...he barely knew.”可推知，Tom是一个心善且乐于助人的人。
3．What can we infer from the text
A．Tom was gone.
B．Gee planned a move.
C．Jim would help Gee with her furniture.
D．The writer and Jim built their ornament collection.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第四段内容和第五段中的“We told her ...have known him.”可推知，Tom已经去世了。
4．What's the best title for the passage
A．The Sadness of Losing a Beloved One
B．The Help from a Garbage Man
C．The Kindness of the Young Couple
D．The Gift of a Neighbour
解析：选D 标题归纳题。D项一语双关，既道出了实际的礼物，也指出了Tom给予作者的感悟：做邻居的意义，故D项适合作文章标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2023·保定模拟)I wasn't the most popular kid in my freshman year — I mostly kept myself buried in a book alone.Ashley was very __5__ from me.She was outspoken and fashionable.So you can __6__ how surprising when we became friends! During that summer, we __7__ and did everything together!
I looked up to Ashley, and wanted to be all of her.I even tailored my next－year __8__ to her interests.Later, Ashley introduced me to her group of friends.I would __9__ them around.
One day, arriving earlier at the classroom, I overheard what they were talking about.“She's such a(n) __10__，” one girl said.“She just follows you, but doesn't have a __11__ of her own.” This was the first time I had felt __12__.My eyes began to well with tears and my hands were __13__.I couldn't stay there anymore.
I ran home and told my mother.The advice she gave was so __14__， “Just be yourself and people will __15__ you for who you are.” It sounded so profound and I decided I was going to __16__ myself.Over the next month, I went through a lot of __17__.I bought new clothes I wanted to wear.__18__ I began making new friends.I never just followed the crowd.
When I look back, I think of it as the year I grew up.Despite the pain I felt, it was a __19__ they had given me.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了让自己痛苦同时又让自己成长的一段友谊。
5.A.free B．absent
C．different D．tired
解析：选C 根据上文“I mostly kept myself buried in a book alone”以及“She was outspoken and fashionable.”可知，Ashley和作者性格很不同。
6．A.memorize B．imagine
C．observe D．refuse
解析：选B 根据语境可知，两个性格截然不同的人成为朋友，很让人惊讶，令人难以想象。
7．A.hung out B．turned up
C．showed off D．broke down
解析：选A 根据上文“in my freshman year”以及下文“did everything together”可知，两个人一起出去闲逛。
8．A.position B．research
C．admission D．schedule
解析：选D 根据上文“I looked up to Ashley, and wanted to be all of her.”可知，作者很崇拜Ashley，甚至根据她的兴趣调整了明年的日程安排。
9．A.follow B．compare
C．guide D．settle
解析：选A 根据下文的“She just follows you”可知，此处表示作者会跟着她们。
10．A.hero B．enemy
C．actress D．loser
解析：选D 根据下文“She just follows you, but doesn't have a ________ of her own.”可知，其他人认为作者是个失败者。
11．A.determination B．personality
C．competition D．presentation
解析：选B 根据上文“She just follows you”可知，她们认为作者没有个性。
12．A.nervous B．desperate
C．heartbroken D．touched
解析：选C 听到别人对自己不好的评价，作者感到心碎。
13．A.shaking B．fighting
C．spreading D．waving
解析：选A 根据上文“My eyes began to well with tears”可知，此处表示作者因为很伤心，手也在颤抖。
14．A.formal B．simple
C．modest D．serious
解析：选B 根据下文“Just be yourself and people will ________ you for who you are.”可知，妈妈给出的建议很简单，只有一句话。
15．A.select B．praise
C．like D．thank
解析：选C 根据上文“Just be yourself”可知，此处表示：做你自己，人们会喜欢真实的你。
16．A.convince B．control
C．discover D．forgive
解析：选C 根据上文“It sounded so profound”可知，妈妈的话听起来如此深刻，作者深受触动，决定去发现真实的自己。
17．A.changes B．adventures
C．hardships D．options
解析：选A 根据下文语境可知，作者经历了很多变化。
18．A.Obviously B．Originally
C．Regularly D．Gradually
解析：选D 根据下文“I began making new friends”可知，渐渐地，作者开始结交新朋友。
19．A.truth B．gift
C．promise D．chance
解析：选B 根据上文作者的改变，不再随波逐流而是做自己以及下文“they had given me”可知，尽管作者感到痛苦，但认为这是她们给自己的礼物。
二、主题下的语基训练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①communicate □ ②envy □
③response □ ④thoughtful □
⑤friendship □ ⑥friendly □
⑦hate □ ⑧reliable □
⑨enthusiastic □ peaceful □
consult □ familiar □
patient □ generosity □
connect □ truly □
eager □ modesty □
character □ relationship □
(二)主题词汇训练
Ⅰ.选词填空(有两词多余)
consult， hate， truly， thoughtful， relationship， character， friendship， familiar， connect，patient
1．I am sure foreign visitors will be satisfied with my thoughtful and excellent service.
2．If you want to consult with me, please make an appointment with my secretary in advance.
3．I have good characters,_ and I am independent in life.
4．It might be a good idea for you to take part in more activities, which is good for developing friendly relationships.
5．He is familiar with London, because he often travels there.
6．I really thank you for your patient and clear explanation of my questions on English learning before.
7．Not only can it promote teamwork but also it can strengthen the friendship between students.
8．My parents are truly my best teachers and I am very proud of them.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．We are eager to_know (know) if you are content with the arrangements.
2．And online education will reduce the communication (communicate) between students and teachers.
3．In response (respond) to this situation, we should take appropriate measures.
4．I hate it when others pay much attention to my private things.
5．We couldn't help but be impressed with his generosity (generous)．
6．55% of the students think a person popular with others is always honest and modest (modesty)．9 / 9
必修一 UNIT 3 课时作业
一、主题下的语篇训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023·成都模拟)Almost two years ago, I stood on a dormitory balcony (宿舍阳台), joined hands with my three closest friends and listened to one of them tell a story about four girls with different backgrounds and gifts who left home and went to college at a place called Happy Valley.
After we left our friend's apartment that last night of our freshman year, we ended up on the lawn, playing frisbee (飞盘游戏) and sitting on the dormitory steps talking for hours.Alisa, Karen, Gabriolle and I had spent that day together just being freshmen — going to the sandwich shop for the last lunch of the term, trying on each other's clothes, watching movies and acting like we would never see each other again.For freshmen, and especially for us, saying goodbye at the end of the first year can feel like saying goodbye forever.
My advice to any freshmen is to cherish those moments.You may grow completely apart from the people you spent your first year with.Even if you have almost forgotten your freshman year roommates two years later, you can never replace that year and the completely new feeling that your first year of college brings.We learned more outside the classroom than we learned inside it.That dormitory is where we learned the lessons of our freshman years.I think the main lesson I learned was what true friendship is.
The story Alisa told on that balcony is far from over.I sometimes wonder if the following is how it will end: “...and those four little girls grew up and realized their dreams.They found themselves all over the country, from farms, to cities, doing everything they wanted to do — a computer technician, a physician, a lawyer, and an architect.And occasionally they would make it back to reunions at that valley and see their friends, laughing about the good times.”
1．Why did the author stand on a dormitory balcony
A．To read a storybook.
B．To play frisbee with her friends.
C．To enjoy the view of Happy Valley.
D．To listen to a story told by her friend.
2．What does the second paragraph mainly focus on
A．A school party.
B．Four girls' daily life.
C．A common scene described in Happy Valley.
D．The last day four girls spent in their freshman year.
3．What suggestion does the author give to other freshmen
A．Sharing personal stories with their close friends.
B．Treasuring unforgettable moments they have made.
C．Remembering to help their close friends wherever they are.
D．Inviting their close friends to attend their graduation ceremonies.
4．What does the end of the story suggest
A．Every dog has his day.
B．True friendship lasts forever.
C．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
D．There are many passers－by in one's life.
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On my seventh birthday, I got a gift from my father, which was a book titled Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians. It was my favourite. I kept it under my pillow and read every page over and over every night enjoying the pictures of colourful animals. Some of the snakes were the most beautiful creatures I had ever seen.
Little did I know that my book would end up saving a life.
Years ago, my family moved into a new house near the woods. My father built a sandbox in our yard. The cat sometimes used the sandbox for a litter box, so my father had to put a plastic cover over it.When I wanted to build sand castles, I had to pull the cover off.
One day before dinner, I ran to the sandbox to build a miniature city. I pulled off the plastic cover, and there in the sandbox was a snake. It was lying very still, all coiled up (蜷缩), and it was beautiful. The snake had rings of colour around it. I had seen a picture just like it in my guidebook, and I remembered that it was one of the prettiest snakes in it. It said in the book that the poisonous coral snake looked very much like the harmless king snake; the only difference was in the order of the colours. I ran inside to get the guidebook.
“Mom! Mom! There's a snake in the sandbox！” I yelled. “I have to find out what kind it is！”
Mom came running. “Don't touch it, Chris! It might be poisonous！”
Dad was at work, so my mother went to get our neighbour, Mr Cook.
“Mr Cook！” my mother yelled across the fence, “We have a snake in the sandbox, and it might be poisonous！”
Mr Cook was retired and lived with his wife in the house on the other side of our back fence. He came running toward the gate with a shovel and tried to kill the snake.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph 1：
“Wait！” I shouted, waving the guidebook in my hand.
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Paragraph 2：
“So what to do now？” Mr Cook put down the shovel.
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二、主题下的语基训练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①manner □ ②guilty □
③respect □ ④quarrel □
⑤sensitive □ ⑥forgive □
⑦workmate □ ⑧conflict □
⑨distant □ considerate □
neighbor □ harmony □
cooperate □ argue □
attitude □ acquaintance □
sincerely □ misunderstand □
disagreement □ apologize □
(二)主题词汇训练
Ⅰ.选词填空(有两词多余)
harmony， attitude， guilty， sensitive， misunderstand， considerate， quarrel， acquaintance
1．I feel rather ______ for the loss I have caused because of my carelessness.
2．A quarrel arose because they ______ each other's opinion.
3．Everyone ought to have a positive ______ to the campaign with the disease.
4．In return for your ______ care during my trip in Britain, I will serve as a guide.
5．All the members in my family live in ______.
6．I suggest that you should not be too ______ to what others say.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．I'm writing to apologize for not ______ (be) able to go to the botanical garden with you this weekend.
2．He has taught me to always take a positive attitude ______ everything.
3．I ______ (sincere) hope you enjoy learning Chinese calligraphy!
4．Being responsible, honest and selfless, he _____________ (respect) by everyone.
5．Two friends had an ______ (argue) that broke up their friendship forever.
6．You can keep your ______ (disagree) and try your best to accept each other.
7．You should behave ______ a good manner in the public.
课时作业(二)
一、主题下的语篇训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023·重庆调研)My kids sit in Gee's living room and gently lift the New Year ornaments (装饰品) out of a well－loved cardboard box.Gee stands beside them, quietly explaining each treasure.She tells them that she and Tom built their ornament collection piece by piece during each year's after－New Year sale.She smiles as we leave with the box. Her precious ornaments, gathered over a lifetime, have found a new home.
We first met Tom and Gee in the early days of our marriage.Someone had been returning our garbage cans to the garage each garbage day, and Jim and I had wondered who.Then one day we spotted him: an elderly man who lived across the street.
I baked cookies and left them in a chair outside the garage with a thank－you note.When we got home from work that day, a typed letter had replaced the gift.The letter was from Tom and explained how he had come to walk the neighbourhood on garbage day, returning garbage cans for people he barely knew.
Then, his young wife, Gee, found herself living alone.Neighbours had taken the time to handle her garbage cans.
We photocopied that letter and attached it to one of our own for Gee.We told her how special Tom had been to us, how we grieved (悲伤) for her, and how thankful we were to have known him.
When Gee invited us over to look through the New Year ornaments, I realized how hard it must be to part with that box, a piece of Tom.It's the man who lets our kids pick peaches off the tree in his front yard.It's the ladies who call Tom when their pool filter breaks.
These days, we're piling up boxes of our own.We are planning a move, but Jim and I agree to wait until January.This New Year, we'll decorate our furniture with Gee's ornaments, out of the box that is labeled in Tom's handwriting.Thank you, I'll say, for teaching us what it means to be a neighbour.
1．How did the writer begin the passage
A．By showing a fact.
B．By giving an example.
C．By presenting a scene.
D．By introducing the characters.
2．What kind of person was Tom according to the writer
A．Grateful and ambitious.
B．Successful and friendly.
C．Hard－working and hopeful.
D．Kind and helpful.
3．What can we infer from the text
A．Tom was gone.
B．Gee planned a move.
C．Jim would help Gee with her furniture.
D．The writer and Jim built their ornament collection.
4．What's the best title for the passage
A．The Sadness of Losing a Beloved One
B．The Help from a Garbage Man
C．The Kindness of the Young Couple
D．The Gift of a Neighbour
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2023·保定模拟)I wasn't the most popular kid in my freshman year — I mostly kept myself buried in a book alone.Ashley was very __5__ from me.She was outspoken and fashionable.So you can __6__ how surprising when we became friends! During that summer, we __7__ and did everything together!
I looked up to Ashley, and wanted to be all of her.I even tailored my next－year __8__ to her interests.Later, Ashley introduced me to her group of friends.I would __9__ them around.
One day, arriving earlier at the classroom, I overheard what they were talking about.“She's such a(n) __10__，” one girl said.“She just follows you, but doesn't have a __11__ of her own.” This was the first time I had felt __12__.My eyes began to well with tears and my hands were __13__.I couldn't stay there anymore.
I ran home and told my mother.The advice she gave was so __14__， “Just be yourself and people will __15__ you for who you are.” It sounded so profound and I decided I was going to __16__ myself.Over the next month, I went through a lot of __17__.I bought new clothes I wanted to wear.__18__ I began making new friends.I never just followed the crowd.
When I look back, I think of it as the year I grew up.Despite the pain I felt, it was a __19__ they had given me.
5.A.free B．absent
C．different D．tired
6．A.memorize B．imagine
C．observe D．refuse
7．A.hung out B．turned up
C．showed off D．broke down
8．A.position B．research
C．admission D．schedule
9．A.follow B．compare
C．guide D．settle
10．A.hero B．enemy
C．actress D．loser
11．A.determination B．personality
C．competition D．presentation
12．A.nervous B．desperate
C．heartbroken D．touched
13．A.shaking B．fighting
C．spreading D．waving
14．A.formal B．simple
C．modest D．serious
15．A.select B．praise
C．like D．thank
16．A.convince B．control
C．discover D．forgive
17．A.changes B．adventures
C．hardships D．options
18．A.Obviously B．Originally
C．Regularly D．Gradually
19．A.truth B．gift
C．promise D．chance
二、主题下的语基训练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①communicate □ ②envy □
③response □ ④thoughtful □
⑤friendship □ ⑥friendly □
⑦hate □ ⑧reliable □
⑨enthusiastic □ peaceful □
consult □ familiar □
patient □ generosity □
connect □ truly □
eager □ modesty □
character □ relationship □
(二)主题词汇训练
Ⅰ.选词填空(有两词多余)
consult， hate， truly， thoughtful， relationship， character， friendship， familiar， connect，patient
1．I am sure foreign visitors will be satisfied with my ______ and excellent service.
2．If you want to ______ with me, please make an appointment with my secretary in advance.
3．I have good _______ and I am independent in life.
4．It might be a good idea for you to take part in more activities, which is good for developing friendly ______.
5．He is ______ with London, because he often travels there.
6．I really thank you for your ______ and clear explanation of my questions on English learning before.
7．Not only can it promote teamwork but also it can strengthen the ______ between students.
8．My parents are ______ my best teachers and I am very proud of them.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．We are eager _____________ (know) if you are content with the arrangements.
2．And online education will reduce the ______ (communicate) between students and teachers.
3．In ______ (respond) to this situation, we should take appropriate measures.
4．I hate ______ when others pay much attention to my private things.
5．We couldn't help but be impressed with his ______ (generous)．
6．55% of the students think a person popular with others is always honest and ______ (modesty)．4 / 10
必修一 UNIT 4 课时作业（一）
一、主题下的语篇训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2023·南京师范大学附属中学模拟)For as long as I can remember, my body and I have shared a relationship of discontent.Growing up, I was skinnier than the other kids and at five I was told I wasn't attractive and that I must put on some weight.But no matter how much I ate, I stayed thin for years until adolescence.Then I started putting on weight almost immediately.I remember feeling happy as I began to fill out.However, my joy didn't last long.
I was thirteen when I was first called fat.Friends and neighbours would make jokes on my big size.As I entered my late teens, I had completely lost confidence in my body and, subsequently, in myself.Having failed to live up to conventional beauty standards, I was convinced that if I wanted to be loved, I needed to offer more, doing anything to please everyone around.
I entered adulthood thinking I wasn't “enough” — an idea that was seeded not only by the fact that “skinny” is celebrated, but also by the language associated with accounts of losing weight — self－improvement, discipline — all virtues.Being fat quickly categorizes you as lazy and undisciplined.Consumed by thoughts of the way my body looked, I didn't notice the other ways my body needed attention.I failed to realize, for example, that my period was much heavier and more painful than ever before.Actually I developed a rare disease and later I had two surgeries.
I was always made to feel that my weight was the root of a lot of problems in my life; I have learnt this is not true.After a lot of self－reflection and some professional help, I realized I never learnt to like myself.While two decades of self－hatred cannot be undone overnight, I have taken first steps to acceptance.
I am now much lighter than before, in body and mind.There are days I find voices on social media saying I am too fat to be loved or to be worthy, but I am learning not to focus on that thought for long.As long as I like myself, just the way I am, opinions at the end of the day are just water off a duck's back.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者由于体重偏重一直处于自卑的心理状态，所以拼命减肥，直到一场重病让她清醒过来，开始接受自己的体重，爱护自己。
1．What can we learn about the author from the first two paragraphs
A．She could change her weight at will.
B．She had different beauty standards from others.
C．She tried to love others to build her confidence.
D．She was greatly influenced by others' opinions.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的“to please everyone around”可知，作者深受周围人的看法的影响。
2．Why did the author think she wasn't “enough”？
A．She was poorly disciplined.
B．She failed to celebrate “skinny”．
C．She was labelled as lazy for her weight.
D．She put on more weight after entering adulthood.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“lazy and undisciplined”可知，由于肥胖，作者被贴上了懒惰和不自律的标签，因此觉得自己“不够”。
3．What caused the author to make a change
A．Her lighter body.
B．A troublesome illness.
C．Popular beauty standards.
D．Others' critical comments.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句中的“disease”以及第四段第一句中的“I have learnt this is not true”可知，由于生病，作者已经意识到体重不是自己问题的根源；再结合第四段最后一句中的“I have taken first steps to acceptance”可知，作者做出了改变。由此推测，是生病让作者决心做出改变。
4．What is the best title for the text
A．Beauty matters B．Opinions vary
C．Worth your weight D．Beyond your limits
解析：选C 标题归纳题。通读全文，特别是根据最后一段第二句可知，作者主要想表达接受自己原本的体重，并学会爱自己，故C项适合作文章标题。
B
(2023·沈阳质检)Confused by food nutrition labels You're not alone. Now, researchers have suggested an alternative: labelling the amount and type of exercise needed to burn off the calories.
Current food and drink labels display nutritional information such as the amount of calories and fat. However, researchers led by Prof. Amanda Daley at Loughborough University say that these labels are having a limited effect on changing buying habits. Instead, they propose a labelling system called “physical activity calorie equivalent or expenditure” (PACE) (体育活动卡路里当量或支出), which shows how many minutes or miles of physical activity are needed to burn off the calories. For example, a small bar of milk chocolate contains 230 calories, which would take about 42 minutes of walking, or 22 minutes of running, to burn off.
They pooled the data from 14 previous studies which compared the impact of PACE labelling with that of other types of food labelling, or with no food labelling at all. They calculated that PACE labelling could cut a person's daily calorie intake by up to 200 calories. “Public health agencies may want to consider the possibility of including policies to promote PACE food labelling as a strategy that contributes to the prevention and treatment of obesity and related diseases，” said the researchers.
The UK's Royal Society for Public Health has already called for PACE labelling to replace the current system. However, not everyone is convinced. A spokesperson for the eating disorder charity Beat said, “We believe that anti－obesity campaigns that focus on weight instead of health are ineffective and that recommending more exercise is an ineffective and over－simplistic approach to a complex problem. Most urgently, public health campaigns must consider people's mental as well as their physical health, moving from obesity－shaming to evidence－based campaigns that build confidence and support healthy eating.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员提出了一种名为“体育活动卡路里当量或支出”的标签系统，旨在提醒人们注意运动与饮食的关系，从而减少肥胖。
5．What additional information can we get from PACE labels compared with the current ones
A．Exercise advice. B．Fat content.
C．Nutrition facts. D．Calorie content.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，PACE标签会标注燃烧卡路里所需的运动量和类型。据此可知，与旧标签相比，PACE标签提供了运动建议。
6．What does the underlined word “pooled” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Collected. B．Distributed.
C．Deleted. D．Proved.
解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，研究人员汇总了先前14项研究的数据，这些研究比较了PACE标签与其他类型的食品标签，或根本没有食品标签的影响。据此可以判断，画线词意为“收集，汇总”，与A项意思相近。
7．What can we know from Beat's comments
A．Obesity is a physical problem and can be solved by increasing exercise.
B．Obesity is related to eating habits and can be tackled by cutting calories.
C．Obesity is no simple problem but can be settled by focusing on weight.
D．Obesity is complicated and should be tackled physically and mentally.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第四段中Beat所说的“public health campaigns must consider people's mental as well as their physical health”可知，Beat认为肥胖问题很复杂，应该从身体和心理上解决。
8．What's the best title for the text
A．PACE: A new labelling option
B．Nutrition: A basic step towards health
C．Labelling: A smart advisor for shopping
D．Exercise: An effective treatment for obesity
解析：选A 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一种名为“体育活动卡路里当量或支出(PACE)”的标签系统，故A项适合作本文标题。
Ⅱ.应用文写作
(2023·武汉模拟)假定你是李华，请代表学生会为学校“英语天地”宣传栏写一份倡议书，呼吁重压之下的高三学生养成健康的生活方式，内容包括：
1．倡议的原因；
2．倡议的目的；
3．倡议的具体内容。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Health Matters Most
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
参考范文：
Health Matters Most
With College Entrance Examination approaching, many of us are under much pressure from study and therefore have developed an unhealthy lifestyle, studying deep into the night, rushing meals and taking little physical exercise, which is extremely harmful to our health.
To meet the challenges of the senior year, it's high time that we took action to say no to the unhealthy lifestyle.
We are supposed to go to bed early and get up early and take meals regularly and slowly. Furthermore, it is advised that we spare as much time as possible to work out.
二、主题下的语基训练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①cuisine □ ②protein □
③cheer □ ④excited □
⑤recipe □ ⑥nutrition □
⑦delight □ ⑧thrill □
⑨appetite □ ⑩health－threatening □
pleasure □ enthusiastic □
cafeteria □ obesity □
happiness □ confident □
sub－health □ regular □
optimistic □ determined □
(二)主题词汇训练
单句语法填空
1．He built up confidence (confident) gradually as he gained more and more experience in teaching.
2．Determined (determine) to study hard, he bored a hole in the wall to “steal” light from his neighbor to read at night.
3．Many people are enthusiastic about online shopping because of its convenience.
4．Some people take delight in helping others, which contributes to social harmony.
5．The sightseeing is delightful, enjoyable, and even thrilling (thrill)．
6．Be positive and cheerful (cheer), for your mental health is equal to your physical health.
7．Being with friends and family plays a big part in experiencing happiness (happy)．
8．I find it really hard to drag myself out and exercise regularly (regular)．
课时作业(二)
一、主题下的语篇训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023·哈尔滨模拟)Have you heard about the suggestion that obesity should be recognized as a disease The widespread view is that obesity is caused by oneself and that it is entirely the individual's responsibility to do something about it.Yet Professor John Wilding points out that more than 200 genes influence weight, and thus body weight is strongly influenced by biology — it is not an individual's fault if they develop obesity. “Recognizing obesity as a disease with severe complications (并发症) rather than a lifestyle choice should help reduce the stigma (耻辱) and discrimination experienced by many people with obesity，” he adds.
Professor Wilding disagrees that labeling a high proportion of the population as having a disease removes personal responsibility or may bring much pressure to health services, pointing out that other common diseases, such as high blood pressure and diabetes, require people to take action to manage their condition.He suggests that most people with obesity will eventually develop complications.
But Dr Richard Pile, a physician with a special interest in diabetes, argues that adopting this approach “could actually result in worse outcomes for individuals and society”. He believes that the dictionary definition of disease “is unclear so that we can classify almost anything as a disease” and says the question is not whether we can, but whether we should, and to what end.
What's more, making obesity a disease “may not benefit patients, but it will benefit health care providers and the pharmaceutical (制药的) industry when health insurance and clinical guidelines promote treatment with drugs and surgery，” he warns.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章就“肥胖应该被看作是一种疾病”这一建议提出了两位教授的观点。
1．What does Professor Wilding argue about obesity
A．It has much to do with one's genes.
B．It results from lack of self－control.
C．It shouldn't be considered as a disease.
D．It should be defined as a disease in a dictionary.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“more than 200 genes influence weight”可知，Wilding教授认为肥胖跟一个人的基因有很大的关系。
2．What is the idea of Professor Wilding in the second paragraph
A．Lifestyle choices determine the body weight.
B．Obese people may take action against severe complications.
C．Obesity disease has much in common with other diseases.
D．People should give sympathy to obese people.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，Wilding教授认为肥胖者最终会出现并发症，因此肥胖的人可能会像对待高血压和糖尿病一样，采取行动来对抗严重并发症。
3．What's Dr Richard Pile's attitude towards the suggestion
A．Approved. B．Neutral.
C．Ambiguous. D．Opposed.
解析：选D 观点态度题。根据第三段第一句可知，Richard博士反对这种将肥胖看作是一种疾病的观点。
4．How does the writer develop the text
A．By critical writing.
B．By analyzing the findings.
C．By using examples.
D．By citing the facts.
解析：选A 写作手法题。第一段提出肥胖是一种疾病这个观点，紧接着分别提出了Wilding教授和Richard博士的两种不同的观点，故本文是通过批判性写作来展开文章的。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2023·蒙城模拟)Every time we open a magazine, turn on the TV, or drive past a billboard, we see how far our personal reality is from the standard publicized by the media.__5__.Here are some thoughts that help you embrace your true beauty.
Look around you
Take a good look at the people in your life that you love — your parents, your siblings, and your close friends.It's likely that most of them aren't as beautiful as public figures, and yet, are they not beautiful to you Look at the familiar faces, the warm smiles, the kind gestures, the comforting bodies and arms that embrace you.__6__. You see them as truly beautiful people — and they view you the same way.
Stop struggling
There are some elements of our faces and bodies we simply cannot change.__7__. Struggles and resistance do nothing but push further away from recognizing our true beauty.
__8__
Sometimes we become so disconnected from our true beauty that we neglect and mistreat our bodies, further making us less confident.But as you begin to treat your body more lovingly, you will feel better mentally and physically, affording the clarity to recognize your true inner and outer beauty.Feed your body with nutritious foods.Move your body through exercise every day for at least twenty to thirty minutes.__9__.
As Kahlil Gibran said, “Beauty is not in face；beauty is a light in the heart.” Allow the light in your heart to shine for yourself and others, and in so doing, your entire being will glow with a fire of beauty.
A．Take care of your body
B．Ignore those looking ugly
C．Break the bad habits that are harming your body
D．Beauty is the best version of yourself, inside and outside
E．Each person has an inner beauty that makes them who they are
F．Rather than struggling against these things, accept them with love
G．But “true beauty” is much more than having a model－perfect appearance
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些可以帮助拥抱自己真正的美的建议。
5．解析：选G 上文提到媒体上展示的“美”脱离了现实生活；再根据下文“Here are some thoughts that help you embrace your true beauty.”可知，选项应与上文构成转折关系，说明“真正的美”的内涵且承接下文。故选项G“但‘真正的美’并不仅仅是拥有完美的外表”符合语境。
6．解析：选E 上文提到，他们中的大多数人虽然没有完美的外表，但是他们的内在美也让他们看起来很美。故选项E“每个人都有内在美，这让他们成为自己”承接上文，符合语境。
7．解析：选F 上文提到我们无法改变外表和身体的一些元素；下文告诫我们不要去抵制；故选项F“与其和这些事情做斗争，不如用爱去接受它们”承上启下，符合语境。
8．解析：选A 空处是小标题，本段围绕爱护自己的身体而展开，故选项A“照顾好自己的身体”能够概括本段主旨。
9．解析：选C 上文提到的都是照顾好自己身体的好习惯，选项C“改掉那些伤害你身体的坏习惯”与上文形成递进关系，符合语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2023·高邮模拟)In January, cameras were on hand to film the jaw－dropping sight of the world's first 5G remote surgery on a lab animal.It was a human's turn on March 16, __1__ a doctor in the Chinese city of Sanya put a device into the brain of a patient nearly 1,900 miles away in Beijing.At this point, you would __2__ (forgive) for thinking you were watching a sci－fi film set sometime in __3__ future, but this is actually present－day surgery, thanks to 5G technology.
Until now, remote surgery __4__ (use) wireless networks has been impossible, because the time lag (间隔) between input and output lasts around a quarter of a second, sometimes as long as 2 seconds — a delay potentially __5__ (harm), possibly deadly, to a patient.Now, 5G promises __6__ (change) all that, with its time lag __7__ (reduce) to 2 milliseconds between devices.The speed ensures surgeons can operate at a much greater distance __8__ the operating room.
The technology will apply to both “tele－presence”， where a surgeon can __9__ (mere) follow an operation on a video connection and offer expert support, and “tele－surgery”， where he or she actually __10__ (operate) the surgical device from far away.Such technology has the potential to transform the wider surgical industry, with huge benefits for patients.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了5G技术有助于远程外科手术的实施，因为它减少了设备之间的时间延迟。
1．when 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为March 16，在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。
2．be forgiven 考查动词时态和语态。动词forgive与主语you之间是被动关系，且位于情态动词would后，故填be forgiven。
3．the 考查冠词。in the future意为“在将来”，为固定短语。
4．using 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词has been，且无连词，空处应填非谓语动词；逻辑主语remote surgery和use之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。
5．harmful 考查形容词。空处应填形容词作名词delay的后置定语，harmful to“对……有害”。
6．to change 考查非谓语动词。promise to do sth.意为“有望做某事”，为固定短语。
7．reduced 考查非谓语动词。空处应填非谓语动词作宾补，逻辑主语time lag和reduce之间为被动关系，且动作已经完成，故用过去分词。
8．from 考查介词。结合句意和句子结构可知，表示“离……(多远)”应用介词from。
9．merely 考查副词。修饰动词follow应用所给词的副词形式。
10．operates 考查时态。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，且主语he or she是第三人称单数，谓语动词应用单数形式。
二、主题下的语基训练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①inspired □ ②strength □
③physical □ ④injured □
⑤healthy □ ⑥promote □
⑦mental □ ⑧favour □
⑨relieve □ ⑩well－balanced □
starve □ rescue □
painstaking □ addicted □
sweat □ cure □
refresh □ worn out □
disabled □ operation □
(二)主题词汇训练
Ⅰ.选词填空(有两词多余)
inspired, relieve, refresh, promote, physical, mental, disabled, injured, cure, addicted
1．Marty is a disabled but a fairly positive person who never feels annoyed for himself.
2．Children are supposed to get 60 minutes of physical activity every day.
3．First aid is the kind of vital help given to someone who falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.
4．Inspired by those players, Jake hoped to be involved in his school's football team.
5．We need to be active in all kinds of sports, and pay attention to mental health which is equal to physical health.
6．Smiling and laughing have actually been shown to relieve tension and stress.
7．You don't have to sacrifice environmental protection to promote economic growth.
8．Addicted to playing computer games, the little boy has lost interest in his lessons.
Ⅱ.写出下列句中加黑词的汉语意思
1．After years of exercise and painstaking dieting, she figured there had to be an easier and more effective way to become healthy and stay slim.艰苦的
2．Even if you are not prepared to work up a sweat three times a week, any activity is better than none.出汗
3．He helped me identify my weaknesses and my strengths.优点
4．Feeling worn out after so many years' sacrifices in the company, he decided to retire and hand the business over to his son.疲惫的
5．Usually they provide well－balanced lunches for children at a reasonable price.均衡的
6．Her younger brother was the favoured child, encouraged and admired by both parents.得到特别照顾的
7．But some may eventually starve because they are not getting the nutrients they need to live.挨饿，饿死4 / 10
必修一 UNIT 4 课时作业（一）
一、主题下的语篇训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2023·南京师范大学附属中学模拟)For as long as I can remember, my body and I have shared a relationship of discontent.Growing up, I was skinnier than the other kids and at five I was told I wasn't attractive and that I must put on some weight.But no matter how much I ate, I stayed thin for years until adolescence.Then I started putting on weight almost immediately.I remember feeling happy as I began to fill out.However, my joy didn't last long.
I was thirteen when I was first called fat.Friends and neighbours would make jokes on my big size.As I entered my late teens, I had completely lost confidence in my body and, subsequently, in myself.Having failed to live up to conventional beauty standards, I was convinced that if I wanted to be loved, I needed to offer more, doing anything to please everyone around.
I entered adulthood thinking I wasn't “enough” — an idea that was seeded not only by the fact that “skinny” is celebrated, but also by the language associated with accounts of losing weight — self－improvement, discipline — all virtues.Being fat quickly categorizes you as lazy and undisciplined.Consumed by thoughts of the way my body looked, I didn't notice the other ways my body needed attention.I failed to realize, for example, that my period was much heavier and more painful than ever before.Actually I developed a rare disease and later I had two surgeries.
I was always made to feel that my weight was the root of a lot of problems in my life; I have learnt this is not true.After a lot of self－reflection and some professional help, I realized I never learnt to like myself.While two decades of self－hatred cannot be undone overnight, I have taken first steps to acceptance.
I am now much lighter than before, in body and mind.There are days I find voices on social media saying I am too fat to be loved or to be worthy, but I am learning not to focus on that thought for long.As long as I like myself, just the way I am, opinions at the end of the day are just water off a duck's back.
1．What can we learn about the author from the first two paragraphs
A．She could change her weight at will.
B．She had different beauty standards from others.
C．She tried to love others to build her confidence.
D．She was greatly influenced by others' opinions.
2．Why did the author think she wasn't “enough”？
A．She was poorly disciplined.
B．She failed to celebrate “skinny”．
C．She was labelled as lazy for her weight.
D．She put on more weight after entering adulthood.
3．What caused the author to make a change
A．Her lighter body.
B．A troublesome illness.
C．Popular beauty standards.
D．Others' critical comments.
4．What is the best title for the text
A．Beauty matters B．Opinions vary
C．Worth your weight D．Beyond your limits
B
(2023·沈阳质检)Confused by food nutrition labels You're not alone. Now, researchers have suggested an alternative: labelling the amount and type of exercise needed to burn off the calories.
Current food and drink labels display nutritional information such as the amount of calories and fat. However, researchers led by Prof. Amanda Daley at Loughborough University say that these labels are having a limited effect on changing buying habits. Instead, they propose a labelling system called “physical activity calorie equivalent or expenditure” (PACE) (体育活动卡路里当量或支出), which shows how many minutes or miles of physical activity are needed to burn off the calories. For example, a small bar of milk chocolate contains 230 calories, which would take about 42 minutes of walking, or 22 minutes of running, to burn off.
They pooled the data from 14 previous studies which compared the impact of PACE labelling with that of other types of food labelling, or with no food labelling at all. They calculated that PACE labelling could cut a person's daily calorie intake by up to 200 calories. “Public health agencies may want to consider the possibility of including policies to promote PACE food labelling as a strategy that contributes to the prevention and treatment of obesity and related diseases，” said the researchers.
The UK's Royal Society for Public Health has already called for PACE labelling to replace the current system. However, not everyone is convinced. A spokesperson for the eating disorder charity Beat said, “We believe that anti－obesity campaigns that focus on weight instead of health are ineffective and that recommending more exercise is an ineffective and over－simplistic approach to a complex problem. Most urgently, public health campaigns must consider people's mental as well as their physical health, moving from obesity－shaming to evidence－based campaigns that build confidence and support healthy eating.”
5．What additional information can we get from PACE labels compared with the current ones
A．Exercise advice. B．Fat content.
C．Nutrition facts. D．Calorie content.
6．What does the underlined word “pooled” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Collected. B．Distributed.
C．Deleted. D．Proved.
7．What can we know from Beat's comments
A．Obesity is a physical problem and can be solved by increasing exercise.
B．Obesity is related to eating habits and can be tackled by cutting calories.
C．Obesity is no simple problem but can be settled by focusing on weight.
D．Obesity is complicated and should be tackled physically and mentally.
8．What's the best title for the text
A．PACE: A new labelling option
B．Nutrition: A basic step towards health
C．Labelling: A smart advisor for shopping
D．Exercise: An effective treatment for obesity
Ⅱ.应用文写作
(2023·武汉模拟)假定你是李华，请代表学生会为学校“英语天地”宣传栏写一份倡议书，呼吁重压之下的高三学生养成健康的生活方式，内容包括：
1．倡议的原因；
2．倡议的目的；
3．倡议的具体内容。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Health Matters Most
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
二、主题下的语基训练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①cuisine □ ②protein □
③cheer □ ④excited □
⑤recipe □ ⑥nutrition □
⑦delight □ ⑧thrill □
⑨appetite □ ⑩health－threatening □
pleasure □ enthusiastic □
cafeteria □ obesity □
happiness □ confident □
sub－health □ regular □
optimistic □ determined □
(二)主题词汇训练
单句语法填空
1．He built up ______ (confident) gradually as he gained more and more experience in teaching.
2．______ (determine) to study hard, he bored a hole in the wall to “steal” light from his neighbor to read at night.
3．Many people are enthusiastic ______ online shopping because of its convenience.
4．Some people take delight ______ helping others, which contributes to social harmony.
5．The sightseeing is delightful, enjoyable, and even ______ (thrill)．
6．Be positive and ______ (cheer), for your mental health is equal to your physical health.
7．Being with friends and family plays a big part in experiencing ______ (happy)．
8．I find it really hard to drag myself out and exercise ______ (regular)．
课时作业(二)
一、主题下的语篇训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023·哈尔滨模拟)Have you heard about the suggestion that obesity should be recognized as a disease The widespread view is that obesity is caused by oneself and that it is entirely the individual's responsibility to do something about it.Yet Professor John Wilding points out that more than 200 genes influence weight, and thus body weight is strongly influenced by biology — it is not an individual's fault if they develop obesity. “Recognizing obesity as a disease with severe complications (并发症) rather than a lifestyle choice should help reduce the stigma (耻辱) and discrimination experienced by many people with obesity，” he adds.
Professor Wilding disagrees that labeling a high proportion of the population as having a disease removes personal responsibility or may bring much pressure to health services, pointing out that other common diseases, such as high blood pressure and diabetes, require people to take action to manage their condition.He suggests that most people with obesity will eventually develop complications.
But Dr Richard Pile, a physician with a special interest in diabetes, argues that adopting this approach “could actually result in worse outcomes for individuals and society”. He believes that the dictionary definition of disease “is unclear so that we can classify almost anything as a disease” and says the question is not whether we can, but whether we should, and to what end.
What's more, making obesity a disease “may not benefit patients, but it will benefit health care providers and the pharmaceutical (制药的) industry when health insurance and clinical guidelines promote treatment with drugs and surgery，” he warns.
1．What does Professor Wilding argue about obesity
A．It has much to do with one's genes.
B．It results from lack of self－control.
C．It shouldn't be considered as a disease.
D．It should be defined as a disease in a dictionary.
2．What is the idea of Professor Wilding in the second paragraph
A．Lifestyle choices determine the body weight.
B．Obese people may take action against severe complications.
C．Obesity disease has much in common with other diseases.
D．People should give sympathy to obese people.
3．What's Dr Richard Pile's attitude towards the suggestion
A．Approved. B．Neutral.
C．Ambiguous. D．Opposed.
4．How does the writer develop the text
A．By critical writing.
B．By analyzing the findings.
C．By using examples.
D．By citing the facts.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2023·蒙城模拟)Every time we open a magazine, turn on the TV, or drive past a billboard, we see how far our personal reality is from the standard publicized by the media.__5__.Here are some thoughts that help you embrace your true beauty.
Look around you
Take a good look at the people in your life that you love — your parents, your siblings, and your close friends.It's likely that most of them aren't as beautiful as public figures, and yet, are they not beautiful to you Look at the familiar faces, the warm smiles, the kind gestures, the comforting bodies and arms that embrace you.__6__. You see them as truly beautiful people — and they view you the same way.
Stop struggling
There are some elements of our faces and bodies we simply cannot change.__7__. Struggles and resistance do nothing but push further away from recognizing our true beauty.
__8__
Sometimes we become so disconnected from our true beauty that we neglect and mistreat our bodies, further making us less confident.But as you begin to treat your body more lovingly, you will feel better mentally and physically, affording the clarity to recognize your true inner and outer beauty.Feed your body with nutritious foods.Move your body through exercise every day for at least twenty to thirty minutes.__9__.
As Kahlil Gibran said, “Beauty is not in face；beauty is a light in the heart.” Allow the light in your heart to shine for yourself and others, and in so doing, your entire being will glow with a fire of beauty.
A．Take care of your body
B．Ignore those looking ugly
C．Break the bad habits that are harming your body
D．Beauty is the best version of yourself, inside and outside
E．Each person has an inner beauty that makes them who they are
F．Rather than struggling against these things, accept them with love
G．But “true beauty” is much more than having a model－perfect appearance
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2023·高邮模拟)In January, cameras were on hand to film the jaw－dropping sight of the world's first 5G remote surgery on a lab animal.It was a human's turn on March 16, __1__ a doctor in the Chinese city of Sanya put a device into the brain of a patient nearly 1,900 miles away in Beijing.At this point, you would __2__ (forgive) for thinking you were watching a sci－fi film set sometime in __3__ future, but this is actually present－day surgery, thanks to 5G technology.
Until now, remote surgery __4__ (use) wireless networks has been impossible, because the time lag (间隔) between input and output lasts around a quarter of a second, sometimes as long as 2 seconds — a delay potentially __5__ (harm), possibly deadly, to a patient.Now, 5G promises __6__ (change) all that, with its time lag __7__ (reduce) to 2 milliseconds between devices.The speed ensures surgeons can operate at a much greater distance __8__ the operating room.
The technology will apply to both “tele－presence”， where a surgeon can __9__ (mere) follow an operation on a video connection and offer expert support, and “tele－surgery”， where he or she actually __10__ (operate) the surgical device from far away.Such technology has the potential to transform the wider surgical industry, with huge benefits for patients.
二、主题下的语基训练
(一)主题词汇盘查
(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)
①inspired □ ②strength □
③physical □ ④injured □
⑤healthy □ ⑥promote □
⑦mental □ ⑧favour □
⑨relieve □ ⑩well－balanced □
starve □ rescue □
painstaking □ addicted □
sweat □ cure □
refresh □ worn out □
disabled □ operation □
(二)主题词汇训练
Ⅰ.选词填空(有两词多余)
inspired, relieve, refresh, promote, physical, mental, disabled, injured, cure, addicted
1．Marty is a ______ but a fairly positive person who never feels annoyed for himself.
2．Children are supposed to get 60 minutes of ______ activity every day.
3．First aid is the kind of vital help given to someone who falls ill or gets ______ before a doctor can be found.
4．______ by those players, Jake hoped to be involved in his school's football team.
5．We need to be active in all kinds of sports, and pay attention to ______ health which is equal to physical health.
6．Smiling and laughing have actually been shown to ______ tension and stress.
7．You don't have to sacrifice environmental protection to ______ economic growth.
8．______ to playing computer games, the little boy has lost interest in his lessons.
Ⅱ.写出下列句中加黑词的汉语意思
1．After years of exercise and painstaking dieting, she figured there had to be an easier and more effective way to become healthy and stay slim.______
2．Even if you are not prepared to work up a sweat three times a week, any activity is better than none.______
3．He helped me identify my weaknesses and my strengths.______
4．Feeling worn out after so many years' sacrifices in the company, he decided to retire and hand the business over to his son.______
5．Usually they provide well－balanced lunches for children at a reasonable price.______
6．Her younger brother was the favoured child, encouraged and admired by both parents.______
7．But some may eventually starve because they are not getting the nutrients they need to live.______
