北师大版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 9 Learning Grammar课件(共44张PPT)

(共44张PPT)
Unit 9　Learning
Grammar
选择正确的答案
1.The old man planned 　　　　　　　(to build/ building) a new house the next year.
2.My sister is considering 　　　　　　　(changing/to change) her present job.
3.Unluckily,the boy failed 　　　　　　 (passing/to pass) the final exam.
to build
changing
to pass
4.He promised 　　　　　　　(to offer/offering) us some practical advice.
5.A large amount of money 　　　　　(was/were) wasted on the project.
6.Not only the girl but also her parents 　　　　　(is/are) fond of the film.
to offer
was
are
一、接动词-ing形式或不定式的动词
1.接动词-ing形式的动词(词组)有:
admit,advise,avoid,can’t help,can’t stand,consider,delay, enjoy,fancy,finish,give up,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practise, put off,risk,suggest等
I really can’t stand working with such a selfish person.
我确实无法忍受和这样自私的人一起共事。
These days my brother is practising speaking English.
这些天我哥哥正在练习说英语。
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
①Do you mind 　　　　　　(open) all the windows now
②In the end the boy admitted 　　　　　(cheat) in the exam.
③The man decided to delay 　　　　　　　(announce) the result.
opening
cheating
announcing
2.接不定式的动词(词组)有:
afford,agree,appear,arrange,ask,attempt,choose,decide,expect,fail,help,learn,manage,offer,plan,persuade,pretend,promise,refuse,seem,tell,wish,would like/love,prefer等
Her parents couldn’t afford to send her to school at the time.
当时她的父母没有钱送她去上学。
Later,she chose to be a teacher in the countryside.
后来,她选择在乡村做了一名老师。
Don’t worry!He has promised to help us when we get into trouble.
不用担心!他已经答应在我们遇到麻烦时帮助我们。
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
①When she grew up,she chose 　　　　　(be) a doctor.
②He managed 　　　　　　(find) an empty room for the homeless children.
to be
to find
3.既可以接动词-ing形式也可以接不定式的动词有:
①begin,continue,intend,start
这些动词后跟动词-ing形式或不定式意思上差别不大,或意思相同。
He started to build/building his own laboratory.
他开始建造他自己的实验室。
②hate,like,love,prefer
大部分表示“喜欢”或“不喜欢”的动词常跟动词-ing形式,也可以接不定式,但有时在意思上略有区别。
I hate driving alone on a long journey.
我不喜欢独自一人长途开车。
He hates to lie to his mother.
他讨厌对他的妈妈撒谎。
③forget,mean,regret,remember,stop,try
这些动词后面用动词-ing形式和用不定式意思不同。
regret to do sth遗憾地要去做某事
regret doing sth做了此事之后感到后悔
I regret to say that the meeting wasn’t successful.
我很遗憾地说,这个会议没有成功。
She regrets mentioning it to me.
她后悔向我提及此事。
remember to do sth记得要去做某事
remember doing sth记得曾做过某事
Remember to send an email to your mother.
记得给你妈妈发一封邮件。
Do you remember seeing him there
你记得在那里见到他了吗
stop to do sth停下正在做的事,开始做另一件事
stop doing sth停止正在做的事情
They stopped to have a rest.他们停下来休息。
We stopped talking because we heard a strange noise outside.
我们停止了谈话,因为我们听到外面有奇怪的声音。
try to do sth努力、尽力做某事
try doing sth试着做某事,看是否可以达到预期的结果
I tried to ring you but I couldn’t get through.
我尽力给你打电话,但是打不通。
I’ll try baking bread tonight.
今晚我要尝试烤面包。
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
①I regret 　　　　　(tell) you that you have been fired.
②I remembered 　　　　　　　　　(take) to the park by my parents.
③I’m sorry,but I didn’t mean 　　　　　(harm) you.
④Don’t forget 　　　　　(write) to your parents at weekends.
to tell
being taken
to harm
to write
二、主谓一致
英语中主语和谓语保持一致——即谓语动词的形式必须随着主语人称和数的变化而变化——叫主谓一致。
英语中的主谓一致常见的有下列几种情况:
(一)语法结构的一致
1.由连词and或both...and...连接的两个并列成分作主语,其谓语动词一般用复数。
Both Tom and his little brother have passed the exam.
汤姆和他弟弟都通过了考试。
注意 ①当and连接的两个词或词组表达的是同一个人、物或概念时,谓语动词用单数。如果这两个词都是名词,则第二个名词前不用冠词。
The peasant and writer is making a speech in the meeting room.
那位农民作家正在会议室里发表演讲。
②主语后有with,together with,like,but,as well as,except, including,rather than,besides等引导的词或短语时,谓语动词要和前面的主语保持一致。
The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.
老师带着一些学生正在参观工厂。
2.两个并列的名词前有each,every等修饰时,谓语动词一般用单数。
Each student and each teacher was given a ticket.
每个学生和老师都发了一张票。
Every man and every woman is at work.
所有人都在工作。
3.在正式的文体中,由not only...but also...,not...but..., neither...nor...,either...or...,or等连接两个并列主语时,其谓语动词与其靠近的主语保持一致。there be句式也是如此。
Not only the students but also the teacher hasn’t come.
学生们和老师都没来。
Neither the children nor the mother likes this kind of music.
孩子们和妈妈都不喜欢这种音乐。
Either you or I am to blame.
你或我该受责备。
There is a book and two pens on the desk.
书桌上有一本书和两支钢笔。
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
①The student,together with his classmates,　　　　　(go) to the park every Sunday.
②Either the man or his brothers 　　　　　　　　(invite) to the party last night.
goes
were invited
③Not only food but also some clothes 　　　　　　　(send) to that area so far.
④It is you,rather than your sister,　　　　　(be) to blame for the accident.
have been sent
are
(二)意义一致原则
1.表示时间、金钱、距离、体积、重量、面积等的复数名词作主语时,通常将其视为一个整体,谓语动词用单数。
Three kilometers is too far for the child.
三千米路程对这个孩子来说太远了。
2.集合名词family,class,crowd,team,government,company, group等作主语时,如果强调整体,谓语动词用单数;如果强调个体,谓语动词用复数。
Our class is better than any other class at playing football in our school.
在我们学校,我们班在踢足球方面比其他任何班都好。(强调整体)
His family are waiting for him to come back from abroad.
他的家人正在等他回国。(强调个体)
3.当people,police,cattle等集体名词作主语时,谓语动词往往用复数。
The police are searching for the lost child.
警察正在寻找那个失踪的孩子。
4.不定代词anyone,anybody,anything,everyone,everybody, everything,someone,somebody,something,no one,nobody, nothing,each,the other,either,neither等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
Since everyone is here,let’s begin our meeting.
既然大家都到了,我们开会吧。
5.none of与不可数名词连用时,谓语动词用单数;none of与复数名词、代词或单数集合名词连用时,动词用单数或复数均可。
None of the information about him has been received.
没收到一点关于他的消息。
None of them knows/know the answers.
他们中没有人知道答案。
6.专有名词作主语
表示国家、机构、事件、作品等名称的专有名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
One Thousand and One Nights tells people lots of mysterious folklore.
《一千零一夜》给人们讲了许多神秘的民间传说。
The United Nations plays an important role in the international affairs.
联合国在国际事务中起着重要作用。
7.动词不定式、动词-ing形式或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
How to solve the problem is to be discussed at the meeting.
如何解决这个问题要在会上讨论。
Whether he will help us with it doesn’t matter too much.
他是否帮我们处理它关系不大。
Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.
在阳光下读书对你的眼睛有害。
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
①The family 　　　　　　　(have) dinner when someone knocked at the door.
②None of them 　　　　　　　(be) willing to present themselves on the platform.
③When to hold a meeting 　　　　 　　　(decide) already.
④Listening to music before the exam always 　　　　(help) you to relax.
were having
are/is
has been decided
helps
(三)需要注意的几种情况
1.当百分数或分数修饰的名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数还是用复数一般由名词来决定。
About three fourths of the surface of the earth is water.
地球表面大约四分之三是水。
About 50 percent of the students in our school are girls.
我们学校大约百分之五十的学生是女生。
2.a number of(许多),a variety of(各种各样的)和a group of(一群,一组)修饰名词作主语时,谓语动词要用复数形式。但是the number of(……的数目)和the variety of(……的种类)修饰名词作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。试比较:
A number of students are from the south.
不少学生来自南方。
The number of students from the south is large.
来自南方的学生数量很多。
A variety of toys are on sale in that shop.
那个商店出售各种各样的玩具。
The variety of goods on sale in that shop is surprising.
那个商店出售的货物品种多得惊人。
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
①Two thirds of the money 　　　　　　　　　　(spend) on this project.
has been spent
翻译句子
②参加这个活动的人的数量是500。
③四分之三的村民现在生活得很幸福。
The number of the people taking part in the activity is 500.
Three quarters/Three fourths of the villagers are leading a happy life now.
一、选择正确的答案
1.Look!There 　　　　　(is/are) a bag and some books on the long table.
答案:is
2.The teacher and writer 　　　　　(is/are) talking to the children kindly.
答案:is
3.A number of runners 　　　　　(was/were) very tired after the long journey.
答案:were
4.To my surprise,the girl offered 　　　　　　(giving/to give) me some advice.
答案:to give
5.The old man suggested 　　　　　　　　(borrowing/to borrow) some equipment.
答案:borrowing
6.The thief attempted 　　　　　　　 (escaping/to escape) from the house,but failed.
答案:to escape
7.When she stayed there,she pretended　　　　(being/to be) a famous doctor.
答案:to be
8.When he heard the news,he couldn’t help 　 (crying/to cry) at the time.
答案:crying
9.The boy as well as his classmates 　　　　 (play/plays) football on the playground after school.
答案:plays
二、翻译句子
1.He couldn’t stand working in so bad conditions.
答案:他无法忍受在那样恶劣的条件下工作。
2.The girl entered from the back door to avoid being seen.
答案:为了避免被看见,那个女孩从后门进来。
3.It’s wrong of you to give up carrying out that plan.
答案:你放弃执行那个计划是错误的。
4.Three quarters of the students are working very hard now.
答案:现在四分之三的学生学习非常努力。
5.The man intended to send his son to that country for education.
答案:这个人打算送他的儿子去那个国家学习。
6.The number of citizens leading a green life is about 3,000 here.
答案:这里过绿色生活的市民大约是3,000人。
7.Missing this bus means waiting for another 30 minutes.
答案:错过这辆公共汽车意味着再等30分钟。
8.My father promised to buy me a new computer.
答案:我爸爸答应给我买一台新电脑。