Unit 2 understanding ideas测试题 新外研必修一 (含答案与解析)

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
book 1 unit 2 understanding ideas测试题
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1．You’re _______(creative) than Peter. He can never make his own clothes.
2．The long and ________ instructions on the box can make users quite ________.(confuse) .
3．I set my ________ (alarmed) for 6: 30.
4．He didn’t finish his homework on time. That is________ he was punished by the teacher.
5．People sometimes confuse salt________ sugar because they are of the same color.
6．The old house was burnt __________ and only ashes were left.
7．I don’t know if TV shows can affect children’s __________ (behave).
8．The government was__________ (alarm) by the increase of drug addicts.
9．The second story in the book __________(title) “The Scholar.”
10．Then there’s the kind of ________(popular) that appears in adolescence (青春期): status born of power and even dishonourable (无耻的)________(behave).
二、阅读理解
A
There are stories about two U.S. presidents, Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren, who try to explain the American English term “OK”. We don’t know if either story is true, but they are both interesting.
The first explanation is based on the fact that President Jackson had very little education. In fact, he had difficulty reading and writing. When important papers came to Jackson, he tried to read them and then had his assistants explain what they said. If he agreed with a paper, he would write “all correct” on it. The problem was that he didn’t know how to spell. So what he really wrote was “ol korekt”. After a while, he shortened that term to “OK”.
The second explanation is based on the place where President Van Buren was born, Kinderhook, New York. Van Buren’s friends organized a club to help him become President. They called the club the Old Kinderhook Club, and anyone who supported Van Buren was called “OK”.
11．The writer ________.
A．believes both of the stories
B．doesn’t believe a word of the stories
C．is not sure whether the stories are true
D．is telling the stories just for fun
12．According to the first story, the term “OK” ________.
A．was approved of by President Jackson
B．was the title of some official documents
C．was shortened by President Jackson
D．was an old way to spell “all correct”
13．According to the second story, the term “OK” ________.
A．was the short way to say “Old Kinderhook Club”
B．meant the place where President Van Buren was born
C．was the name of Van Buren’s club
D．was used to call Van Buren’s supporters in the election
14．What’s the main idea of the passage
A．The stories of the letters “OK”.
B．The stories of the president election.
C．The stories of American presidents.
D．The history of the letters “OK”.
B
Daniel Bogre Udell, who speaks four languages, met Frederico Andrade, who speaks five, at the Parsons of The New School in New York City. In 2014, they started a project to make the first public record of every language in the world. That’s Wikitongues. They’ve already recorded more than 350 languages, and plan to hit 1,000 in the coming years.
“When humanity loses a language, we also lose the possibility of greater diversity (多样化) in art, music, literature and oral traditions,” said Bogre Udell. Between 1950 and 2010, 230 languages disappeared(消失). Today, a third of the world’s languages have fewer than 1,000 speakers left. Every two weeks a language dies with its last speaker, and 50 to 90 percent of them are said to disappear by the next century.
Wikitongues has asked volunteers in 40 countries to film native speakers talking in the past, present, and future tenses of their first language. Native speakers are asked to think back to their childhood, share their stories, and discuss their hopes and goals. One volunteer in the South Pacific islands of Vanuatu recorded a language that had never been studied by language experts before. Another volunteer found a speaker of Ainu, a language in Japan that has no relation to any other known language, and he also recorded it. However, priceless recording opportunities disappear regularly. Not long ago, one of the last two speakers of a Sami language in Russia died right before his recording session with Wikitongues.
Political persecution(迫害), a lack of protection and globalization are responsible for diminishing language diversity. For much of the 20th century, governments across the world forced natives to use official languages. Some 100 native languages in Australia have disappeared since European settlers arrived. However, most languages die today because of other reasons; climate change and urbanization are all important factors in the disappearance of languages.
15．What do Daniel Bogre Udell and Frederico Andrade want to do together
A．Test people’s language levels. B．Offer language courses to people.
C．Find out the reasons for language loss. D．Record all the languages in the world.
16．What does the author point out in Paragraph 2
A．The problem of language loss is very serious.
B．Few people are worried about language loss.
C．Language loss makes it difficult for people to communicate.
D．Some countries fail to slow down the process of language loss.
17．How do volunteers help protect languages
A．By writing down native speakers’ stories.
B．By learning languages from native speakers.
C．By improving the living conditions of native speakers.
D．By videoing native speakers talking in their first language.
18．What does the underlined word “diminishing” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Creating. B．Valuing. C．Decreasing. D．Encouraging.
三、七选五
Learning a language is a continuous process. The English language has gone through hundreds of years of growth. 19 With so many words, idioms and rules, there really are still ways for learning and improving your knowledge of it. For tips on how to improve your English, read on below.
20 When learning a language, much is achieved by speaking, listening and writing. But reading is also a great help. When you read, you meet with new words and will be able to use them.
After reading the daily papers, write down your thoughts about the day’s headlines. Choose one or two that stood out among all those that you read, and write down your reactions to it. 21
Read the book version of a movie that you have already seen. 22 Besides, you can remember it easily since the story is already familiar to you.
23 Take out those new words that you learned and use them. Bring out those new idioms you came across and use them. If this new stuff stays inside your head and in your note books, it won’t come to life.
A．And it still keeps on growing.
B．It is helpful to keep a news diary.
C．Whatever you are doing, use English.
D．For a lot of people, English is difficult.
E．You can improve English by teaching it to others.
F．You will find it easier to understand and guess vocabulary.
G．Reading is an active process that requires your brain to work.
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
At the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English. Nearly all of them lived in England.They were native 24 (speaker). Later in the next century, people from England made voyages 25 (conquer) other parts of the world and English began to be spoken worldwide. Today, the number of people 26 (learn) English in China 27 (increase) rapidly. Besides, people of many other countries also speak English 28 their foreign language.
The English language has been changing quite a lot over the last four centuries. Old English sounded more or less like German for it was based on German, but 29 (gradual) between AD 800 and 1150, English became 30 (little) like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French.
Two people had great effects on the English changes.One was Shakespeare, who 31 (enrich) the English vocabulary, making English with more words; 32 other was Noah Webster, who wrote a dictionary 33 gave American English its own identity.
参考答案：
1．more creative
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：你比Peter更有创造力。他从来不会给自己做衣服。由句意可知此处是两者比较，空后有than，应该用形容词比较级；creative的比较级 more creative。故填more creative。
2． confusing confused
【详解】考查形容词。句意：盒子上冗长而混乱的说明可能会让用户感到困惑。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词。confusing意为“令人迷惑的”，常用来修饰物；confused意为“迷惑不解的”，常用来修饰人。第一空作定语修饰名词instructions，应用confusing；第二空作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语users，应用confused。故填confusing；confused。
3．alarm
【详解】考查名词。句意：我把闹钟设置在6点半。作宾语，表示“闹钟”应用名词alarm，此处特指我的一个闹钟，应用单数。故填alarm。
4．why
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他没有按时完成作业，那就是他受到老师惩罚的原因。空处引导表语从句，结合句意可知，此处指“那就是他受到老师惩罚的原因”，强调结果，应用连接副词why引导。故填why。
5．with
【详解】考查介词。句意：人们有时把盐和糖混淆，因为它们颜色一样。confuse…with..意为“把…和…混淆”，固定搭配，故填with。
6．down/up
【详解】考查动词。句意：老房子被烧毁了，只剩下灰烬。表示“烧毁”用burn down或者burn up。故填down/up。
7．behavior/behaviour
【详解】考查名词。句意：我不知道电视节目是否会影响孩子们的行为。根据名词所有格children’s可知，空处需填名词behavior作宾语，表示“行为”，为不可数名词。故填behavior/behaviour。
8．alarmed
【详解】考查语态。句意：吸毒成瘾者的增加使政府感到担忧。分析句子可知，提示词alarm(使惊恐；使害怕；使担心)是句中谓语动词，与主语The government之间是被动关系，结合空格前助动词was，应使用过去分词alarmed构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填alarmed。
9．is titled
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：书中的第二个故事叫做《学者》。分析句子结构可知空处应填谓语动词，句子主语The story与title之间为被动关系，且此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is titled。
10． popularity behavior/#behaviour
【详解】考查名词。句意：还有一种出现在青春期的受欢迎程度：源于权力甚至是不光彩行为的地位。第一空需要一个名词作there be句型的主语，popular为形容词，其名词为popularity；第二空需要一个名词作介词of的宾语和power并列，behave为动词，其名词形式为behavior/behavior。故填①popularity；②behavior或behaviour。
11．C 12．C 13．D 14．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲了两个美国总统与英文字母“OK”的故事。
11．细节理解题。根据第一段“We don’t know if either story is true, but they are both interesting.(我们不知道这两个故事是不是真的，但它们都很有趣)”可知，作者不知道这些故事是否真实，故选C。
12．细节理解题。 根据第二段“So what he really wrote was “ol korekt”. After a while, he shortened that term to “OK”.(所以他真正写的是“ol korekt”。过了一段时间，他把这个词缩短为“OK”)”可知，根据第一个故事，“OK”这个词被杰克逊总统缩短了，故选C。
13．细节理解题。 根据最后一段“They called the club the Old Kinderhook Club, and anyone who supported Van Buren was called “OK”.(他们称这个俱乐部为Old Kinderhook Club，任何支持Van Buren的人都被称为“OK”)”可知，根据第二个故事，在选举中范布伦的支持者叫作“OK”，故选D。
14．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“There are stories about two U.S. presidents, Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren, who try to explain the American English term “OK”. We don’t know if either story is true, but they are both interesting.(有两个关于美国总统Andrew Jackson和Martin Van Buren的故事，他们试图解释美式英语中的“OK”一词。我们不知道这两个故事是不是真的，但它们都很有趣)”可知，这篇文章是关于“OK”的故事，故选A。D项干扰性较强，文章中只是讲了两个关于“OK”来源的故事，并未介绍其历史。故选A。
15．D 16．A 17．D 18．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上语言消失严重，一些志愿者试图去记录这些语言，文章还说明了语言消失的原因。
15．细节理解题。根据第一段“Bogre Udell, who speaks four languages, met Frederico Andrade, who speaks five, at the Parsons New School in New York City. In 2014, they started a project to make the first public records of every language in the world.(会说四种语言的Bogre Udell在纽约市帕森斯新学校遇到了会说五种语言的Frederico Andrade。2014年，他们启动了一个项目，对世界上所有语言进行首次公开记录。)”可知，Bogre Udell和Frederico Andrade想在一起做记录世界上所有的语言。故选D。
16．推理判断题。根据第二段“Between 1950 and 2010, 230 languages disappeared. Today, a third of the world’s languages have fewer than 1,000 speakers left. Every two weeks a language dies with its last speaker, and 50 to 90 percent of them are said to disappear by the next century.( 1950年至2010年间，有230种语言消失。今天，世界上三分之一的语言只剩下不到1000个使用者。每两周就有一种语言随着最后一个使用者的消失而消失，据说到下个世纪，50%到90%的语言将消失。)”提及的数据可知，语言消失现象变得很严重。故选A。
17．细节理解题。根据第三段“Wikitongues (维基语言) has asked for volunteers in 40 countries to film native speakers talking in the past, present, and future tenses of their mother languages. Native speakers are asked to recall childhood, share their stories, and discuss their hopes and goals. One volunteer in the South Pacific islands of Vanuatu recorded a language that had never been studied by language experts before. Another volunteer found a speaker of Ainu, a language in Japan that has no relation to any other known language, and he also recorded it.(Wikitongues在40个国家招募志愿者，拍摄母语人士使用母语的过去、现在和将来时态的情景。以英语为母语的人被要求回忆童年，分享他们的故事，并讨论他们的希望和目标。一名在南太平洋瓦努阿图群岛的志愿者记录了一种语言，这种语言以前从未被语言专家研究过。另一名志愿者发现了一个说阿伊努语的人，他也记录了这一语言。阿伊努语是日本的一种语言，与其他任何已知的语言都没有关系。)”可知，志愿者通过视频方式记录本土人所讲的语言，以此来保护语言。故选D。
18．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“Between 1950 and 2010, 230 languages disappeared. Today, a third of the world’s languages have fewer than 1,000 speakers left. Every two weeks a language dies with its last speaker, and 50 to 90 percent of them are said to disappear by the next century.( 从1950年到2010年，230种语言消失了。今天，世界上三分之一的语言的使用者不足1000人。每两周就有一种语言随着最后一个使用者而消亡，据说其中50%到90%的语言将在下个世纪消失。)”可知，世界上很多语言消失，结合第四段中的“Some 100 native languages in Australia have disappeared(澳大利亚大约有100种本土语言已经消失)”可知，此处是指政治迫害、缺乏保护和全球化导致语言多样性不断减少。故画线词diminishing的意思是“逐渐减少的”，故选C。
19．A 20．G 21．B 22．F 23．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章提供了如何不断提高英语水平的一些具体建议。
19．前文“The English language has gone through hundreds of years of growth.（英语经历了数百年的发展）”指出英语发展了数百年，A项“And it still keeps on growing.（而且还在继续发展）”符合语境，承接前文指出英语还在继续发展，其中的it指代前文的The English language。故选A。
20．空处位于段首，需引出段落内容。后文“When learning a language, much is achieved by speaking, listening and writing. But reading is also a great help. When you read, you meet with new words and will be able to use them.（在学习一门语言时，通过说、听、写可以收获很多。但阅读也是一个很大的帮助。当你阅读时，你会遇到新单词，并能够使用它们）”指出阅读在语言学习中的作用，G项“Reading is an active process that requires your brain to work.（阅读是一个需要大脑运作的主动过程）”符合语境，引出后文。故选G。
21．前文“After reading the daily papers, write down your thoughts about the day’s headlines. Choose one or two that stood out among all those that you read, and write down your reactions to it.（看完每日报纸后，写下你对当天头条的看法。从你读过的当中选择一两条最突出的，并写下你对它的反应）”建议阅读报纸后写下一些看法、反应，B项“It is helpful to keep a news diary.（记新闻日记是有帮助的）”符合语境，说明记新闻日记的重要性，总结上文。故选B。
22．前文“Read the book version of a movie that you have already seen.（阅读你已经看过的电影的书籍版本）”建议阅读已看电影的书籍，后文“Besides, you can remember it easily since the story is already familiar to you.（此外，你可以很容易地记住它，因为你已经熟悉了这个故事）”说明这样做另外的好处，F项“You will find it easier to understand and guess vocabulary.（你会发现更容易理解和猜测词汇）”符合语境，说明这样做的好处之一，承上启下。故选F。
23．空处位于段首，需引出段落内容。后文“Take out those new words that you learned and use them. Bring out those new idioms you came across and use them. If this new stuff stays inside your head and in your note books, it won’t come to life.（把你学过的新单词拿出来使用。把你遇到的新习语拿出来使用。如果这些新东西停留在你的脑海和笔记本里，它就不会变得生动起来）”说明要使用学到的新单词、新习语，C项“Whatever you are doing, use English.（无论你在做什么，都要使用英语）”符合题意，其中的use和后文的use是同词复现。故选C。
24．speakers 25．to conquer 26．learning 27．is increasing 28．as 29．gradually 30．less 31．enriched 32．the 33．which/that
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英语的发展历史。
24．考查名词的数。句意：他们是说母语的人。根据空格前的形容词 native可知，空格处应填名词作表语，根据谓语were可知，应用名词的复数形式。故填speakers。
25．考查非谓语动词。句意：在下个世纪的晚些时候，英国人进行了征服世界其他地区的航行，英语开始在世界各地流行。made为谓语动词，空格处应填不定式作目的状语。故填to conquer。
26．考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，中国学习英语的人数正在迅速增加。结合句意，空格处应填非谓语动词作后置定语，people和learn之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。故填learning。
27．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：今天，中国学习英语的人数正在迅速增加。空格处作谓语，结合时间状语Today可知，应用现在进行时，the number of修饰主语people，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填is increasing。
28．考查介词。句意：此外，许多其他国家的人也把英语作为他们的外语。介词as意为“作为”，后接名词短语作宾语，符合句意。故填as。
29．考查副词。句意：古英语听起来或多或少像德语，因为它是以德语为基础的，但在公元800年至1150年间，英语逐渐不像德语了，因为统治英国的人先说丹麦语，后来说法语。空格处修饰介词短语between AD 800 and 1150，作状语，应用副词形式。故填gradually。
30．考查形容词的比较级。句意：古英语听起来或多或少像德语，因为它是以德语为基础的，但在公元800年至1150年间，英语逐渐不像德语了，因为统治英国的人先说丹麦语，后来说法语。根据空格前的系动词became可知，空格处应填形容词作表语，结合句意“更少的”是less。故填less。
31．考查动词时态。句意：两个人对英语的变化产生了巨大的影响。一个是莎士比亚，他丰富了英语词汇，使英语中有更多的单词；另一位是诺亚·韦伯斯特，他写了一本词典，赋予了美国英语自己的身份。空格处在定语从句中作谓语，根据主句谓语was可知，从句应用一般过去时。故填enriched。
32．考查冠词。句意：两个人对英语的变化产生了巨大的影响。一个是莎士比亚，他丰富了英语词汇，使英语中有更多的单词；另一位是诺亚·韦伯斯特，他写了一本词典，赋予了美国英语自己的身份。one...the other...是固定搭配，意为“一个……另一个……”。故填the。
33．考查定语从句。句意：两个人对英语的变化产生了巨大的影响。一个是莎士比亚，他丰富了英语词汇，使英语中有更多的单词；另一位是诺亚·韦伯斯特，他写了一本词典，赋予了美国英语自己的身份。空处为定语从句指代先行词a dictionary，先行词在从句中作主语，应用which/that引导从句。故填which/that。
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