伯牙绝弦 练习

5.伯牙绝弦
一、比一比，组成词。
峨（ ） 伯（ ） 期（ ） 谓（ ）
俄（ ） 怕（ ） 欺（ ） 胃（ ）
二、解释句中加点的字词。
1.伯牙绝弦。（ ）
2.伯牙善鼓琴。（ ）
3.峨峨兮若泰山！（ ）
4.洋洋兮若江河！（ ）
三、用自己的话说说下列句子的意思。
1.伯牙鼓琴，志在高山，钟子期曰：“善哉，峨峨兮若泰山。”

2.伯牙谓世再无知音，乃破琴绝弦，终身不复鼓。

3.伯牙所念，钟子期必得之。

四、选择正确的序号填在括号里。
1.“善哉”的意思是：( )
A.太善良了B.太好了
2.“乃破琴绝弦”中的“破琴”指( )
A.破损的琴B.把琴摔破
3.“伯牙善鼓琴”的“善”指( )
A.赞叹的意思B.善良C.擅长
4.“洋洋兮若江河”的朗读停顿正确的是( )
A.洋洋/兮若/江河B.洋洋兮/若江河C.洋洋兮/若/江河
五、仿写。
1.（伯牙）志在高山，钟子期曰：“善哉，峨峨兮若泰山！”
2.（伯牙）志在明月，钟子期曰：“善哉，”
3.（伯牙）志在杨柳，钟子期曰：“善哉，”
4.（伯牙）志在 ，钟子期曰：“善哉，”
六、根据课文内容填空。
1.课文中的人物是（ ）和（ ），他们是（ ）时代的人。因为他们二人的传说，人们把（ ）叫做“知音”，用“高山流水”比喻（ ）。
2.“伯牙绝弦”的原因是什么？试着用自己的话说一说。


七、我会改写。
根据你的理解，用自己的话把这个故事写下来。
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation同步知识讲解（学生版）
学员编号： 年 级： 课 时 数：
学员姓名： 辅导科目： 学科教师：
授课类型
T- Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?
教学目标

星级
★★★
授课日期及时段

一、词型转换
Section A
wonder → (adj.)
I → (反身代词)
you → (反身代词)
yourself → (pl.)
seem → (pt.)
Section B
activity → (pl.)
decide → (n.)
try → (pt.)
bike → (同义词)
build → (n.)
difference → (adj.)
like → (反义词)
below → (反义词)
二、短语归纳
Section A
go to Central Park
on vacation
buy something special
meet someone interesting
go out with someone
take quite a few photos
most of the time
go shopping
keep a diary
of course
Section Bhave a good time
go to the beach
feel like
the houses of the Chinese traders
a lot of new buildings
in the past
over an hour
too many people
get to the top
because of the bad weather
one bowl of fish
another two hours
the top of the hill
learn something important
Self Check
go to the countryside
in the shopping center
have a fun time
after three hours
keep going
twenty minutes later
重点句子
你去哪儿度假的？
好久不见。
你去有趣的地方了吗？
大多数时间我只是待在家里看书和放松。
我给我爸爸买了些东西。
一切都很棒。
你觉得它怎么样？
今天早晨我和家人到达马来西亚的槟城。
午饭我们吃了很特别的东西。
…但是许多旧的建筑还在那里。
今天我和爸爸决定去槟城山。
并且因为糟糕的天气，我们看不见下面的任何东西。
难点讲练
·讲一讲 1·
Oh, did you go to anywhere interesting?
哦，你去过有趣的地方吗？
此句中的anywhere为副词，意为“在任何地方”，其前面的介词要省略，定语应该后置。Anywhere主要用于否定句或疑问句中，肯定句中应该用somewhere。例如：
We went somewhere nice yesterday.
昨天我们去了一个美丽的地方。
·练一练 1·
Last week, I went ________ and I took lots of photos.
interesting somewhere
somewhere interesting
interesting anywhere
anywhere interesting
Did you go ____？
warm somewhere
anywhere warm
warm anywhere
somewhere warm
Mr. Smith is going to retire in a quiet and beautiful place.(同义句转换)
Mr. Smith is going to retire ________ ________ and ________.
I can’t find my pen ________.
somewhere
nowhere
anywhere
everywhere
·讲一讲 2·
Did you do anything special last month?
上个月你做特别的事情了吗？
(1)由some与one, thing, body构成的不定代词主要用于肯定句；由any与one, thing, body构成的不定代词主要用于否定或疑问句。例如：
There is something wrong with my bike.
我的自行车出毛病了。
I can’t see anyone in the classroom.
在教室里我没看见任何人。
(2)修饰不定代词something, anyone等的词要放在不定代词的后面。例如：
Did you meet anyone interesting?
你遇见有趣的人了吗？
【注意】这些不定代词作主语时看作单数，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：
Everyone was on vacation.
所有的人都在度假。
·练一练 2·
I bought something for my farther.(改为否定句)
I ________ _________ ___________ for my farther.
Did you go out with anyone？(改为肯定句)
I ________ out with ________.
I bought nothing.(同义句转换)
I ________ ________ ________.
Is there ________ with your bike?
anything wrong
wrong anything
something wrong
wrong something
There is ________ for you if you put your heart into it.
difficult nothing
nothing easy
nothing difficult
something easy
—what did you buy for your daughter?
—I bought ________, because I couldn’t find ________ she likes.
something, anything
anything, something
nothing, anything
something, nothing
·讲一讲 3·
I bought something for my father.
我给爸爸买了些东西。
buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.
get sb. sth. = get sth. for sb.
为某人买某物
例如：
My mother bought a new bike for me as my birthday gift.
我妈妈给我买了一辆新自行车作为生日礼物。
Did he buy you a book?
他给你买了一本书吗？
Please get some bread for me.
请给我买些面包。
·练一练 3·
My brother bought me a new bike yesterday.(同义句转换)
My brother ________ a new bike ________ me yesterday.
Did Tom buy a big house for his parents? (同义句转换)
Did Tom ________ ________ ________ a big house?
Please get me some tea. (同义句转换)
Please ________ some tea ________ me.
I bought a gift a for my daughter.(改为否定句)
I ________ ________ a gift for my daughter.
—When ________ you ________ the bike?
—Last month.
have，bought
had, bought
do, buy
did, buy
·讲一讲 4·
Did everyone have a good time?
所有的人都玩得很高兴吗？
Have a good/great/wonderful time = have fun doing sth. = enjoy oneself 玩得高兴。例如：
We had fun playing on the beach.
我们在沙滩上玩得很开心。
Did you enjoy yourself last weekend?
上周末你玩得高兴吗？
·练一练 4·
昨天他们玩得很开心。
They ________ ________ ________ ________ yesterday.
Who ________ on the school trip last week?
had a great fun
had very good time
had great fun
enjoy themselves
I hope you will have fun during your visit to Paris.
get bored
be funny
have a great time
have happy
He has a lot of fun ________.
camp
camping
to camp
camped
I’m sorry you ________ fun on your day off.
have
had
didn’t have
don’t have
语法归纳
一般过去时
概念
表示过去发生的动作，常与过去的时间状语连用。例如：
yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last month, in 2008等。
谓语构成：（1）动词的过去式（2）was/were
句式 主+动词的过去式……
（1）肯定句
主+was/were…
主+didn’t…
(2) 否定句
主+wasn’t/weren’t…
Did+主…?
(3) 一般疑问句
Was/Were+主…？
肯定或否定回答
Yes, 主+did./ No, 主+didn’t.
Yes, 主+was/were./ No, 主+wasn’t/weren’t
例如：
He went to the zoo yesterday.
昨天他去了动物园。
否定句：He didn’t go to the zoo yesterday.
一般疑问句：Did he go to the zoo yesterday?
肯定回答：Yes, he did.
否定回答：No, he didn’t.
Mary was born in Beijing.
玛丽在北京出生。
否定句：Mary wasn’t born in Beijing.
一般疑问句：Was Mary born in Beijing?
肯定回答：Yes, she was.
否定回答：No, she wasn’t.
(4)特殊疑问句由“疑问词+一般疑问句”构成，例如：
He was born in 1985.→When was he born?
He hiccupped for 69 years and 5 months. → How long did he hiccup?
He started hiccupping in 1992. → When did he start hiccupping?
单元测试
I.单项选择（20分）
( )1. My grandpa exercises _________ , so he is very health.
A. three times a week B. three time a week
C. three times weeks D. third time a week
( )2. ---______do you have a sports meeting? ----Twice a year.
A. How soon B. How often C. How long D. How far
( )3. Can you help me the classroom??
A. cleaning B. with clean C. to clean D. cleans
( )4.Here________the results ________the student activity survey.
A. is; with B. are; of C. is; of D. are; with
( )5. An apple a day is good _____ your health .
A. at B. for C. in D. with
( )6. Although they feel tired, ________they still go on working.
A. and B. but C. / D. so
( )7. I think I’m _____ hungry. Could you give me something to eat?
A. kinds of? B. a litter? C. kind of? D. pretty very.
( )8. ----Does your mother often go to the movies?
-----　　, she doesn’t like movies at all.?
A. Ever B. Never C. Some times D. Usually
( )9. He can ______ hear you clearly, can he?
A. almost B. ever C. hardly D. nearly
( )10. Are you good at popular songs?
A. sing B. singing C. to sing D. sing
( )11. The little girl often goes skating _________ weekends.
A. in B. on C. to D. for
( )12. His mother wants him good food.?
A.eat B. to eat C. eating D. eats?
( )13. ______ Animal World , it’s my favorite program.
A. As to B. Such to C. Thanks to D. As for
( )14. Please look after your and keep .
A. health, health B. healthy, healthy C. health, healthy D. healthy, health
( )15. Is this new bike the same as______.
A. her B. she C. hers D. she's
( )16. He tries English. And he practices English every day.?
A. to learn; to speak B. learning; speaking　?
C. to learn; speaking D. learning; to speak?
( )17. He________ his homework at school.
A. doesn't B. don't do C. don't D. doesn't do
( )18. —There are 85% students watching TV every day.?
—So we know students do it.?
A. all B. some C. most D. no
( )19.—How many of these books have you read??
— of them. Every one.?
A. Many B. Some C. All D. None
( )20. Mrs. Green doesn’t come to the party. She has to her baby.
A. look at B. look for C. look like D. look after
II.完形填空（15分.）
What is junk food? Hamburgers, French fries and chocolate are all junk food. It’s bad __1__ our health.
Do you like to eat junk food? Many children love it. __2__ their parents don’t want them to eat __3__ junk food. __4__ the children know eating junk food is not a good habit, they still eat it. Some of them eat it every day, __5__ only eat it __6__ a week.
Mike is __7__ unhealthy. He eats __8__ junk food every day, because he loves it. He __9__ eats vegetables. He is always tired. He is very thin. I think he must stop __10__ junk food, and keep healthy.
( )1. A. for B. with C. at D. to
( )2. A. And B. But C. So D. Although
( )3. A. too many B. so many C. too much D. much too
( )4. A. Because B. But C. And D. Although
( )5. A. the other B. others C. the others D. another
( )6. A. one time B. two times C. three time D. twice
( )7. A. kind of B. a kind of C. kinds of D. this kind
( )8. A. a lot B. a lot of C. lot of D. many
( )9. A. usually B. always C. often D. never
( )10. A. eats B. eating C. to eat D. ate
III.阅读理解。（40分）
A
Dr. Clarke was a very busy man. He always worked hard. He often forgot his family’s birthday.
Yesterday afternoon he remembered it was his wife’s birthday. He loved his wife. He wanted to give her a present. On his way home he bought some flowers in a shop.
When he got home he gave his wife the flowers and said," Happy birthday, It's September 28th today. I remembered your birthday this year."
She laughed and said," My birthday was the day before yesterday, but thank you all the same. Better late than never! "
( )1.Dr Clarke_________.
A. was a free man B. was often very busy
C. didn't like his work D. worked in a factory
( )2. He often forgot___________.
A. when to work B. how to work C. his family's birthday D. which shop to go
( )3.He bought some___________ in a shop on his way home.
A. books B. apples C. a birthday cake D. flowers
( )4.Mrs. Clarke was___________ to get his present.
A. not glad B. happy C. not pleased D. angry
( )5.Which of the following is right?
A. Dr. Clarke loved his wife.
B. He often gave his wife a present on her birthday.
C. He remembered his wife's birthday this year.
D. Mrs. Clarke's birthday was on September 28th.
B
Everyone must go to bed early（早）and get up early, or we won’t be healthy and clever.
Is this true? Perhaps（可能）it is. The body must have enough（足够）sleep. Children of your age need ten-hour sleep every day. If you don’t go to bed early, you will not have enough sleep. Then you can’t think properly（完全地）and can’t do your work properly. You’ll not be clever.
Some people go to bed late and get up late. That is not good for them. We must sleep at night when it is dark（黑的）. The dark helps us to sleep soundly. When the daytime comes, we must get up. This is the time for exercise. If you lack（缺乏）exercise, it becomes weak（虚弱的）. Exercise keeps a strong body.
Exercise helps the blood（血液）flow（流动）around inside the body. This is very important. Blood takes food to all parts of our body. The brain（大脑）also need blood, we think with our blood. If we keep our body healthy and take exercises, we can think better.
( )6. If we want to be healthy and clever, we must go to bed _____.
A. late and get up early B. early and get up late
C. early and get up early D. late and get up late
( )7. Children of your age need _____.
A. nine-hour sleep B. ten hours’ sleep C. eleven-hour sleep D. twelve-hour sleep
( )8. The best time to sleep is when _____.
A. daytime comes B. it is dark C. we are taking exercise D. it is late afternoon
( )9. Exercise makes the body _____.
A. weak B. clever C. unhealthy D. strong
( )10. Exercise _____.
A. makes more blood B. helps the blood to flow
C. makes food for our blood D. makes our brain tired
C
Everyone wants to be healthy. Food is very important. There are a lot of healthy foods. You can eat more bananas, apples, oranges and tomatoes because fruit and vegetables are good for your health. But don’t eat too much chocolate. It’s not healthy food. Healthy food can make you grow and make you strong and happy. Remember there is a saying“An apple a day keeps the doctors away.” Sports can also keep you healthy. Get up early and play sports every day. Don’t be lazy! You will be healthy and happy.
( )11、Which is right?__________
A. No person wants to be healthy. B. We want to be healthy.
C. We are important. D. Eat more chocolate.
( )12、 What are healthy foods?_____________
A. Vegetables and chocolate. B. Bananas, apples and chocolate.
C. Fruit and chocolate. D. Fruit and vegetables.
( )13、Why is healthy food good for you?
A. It can make you happy. B. It can make you grow strong.
C. It can make you grow. D. It can make you grow and make you strong and happy.
( )14、“An apple a day keep the doctors away” means(意思是)______.
A. The doctor goes away when he sees an apple.
B. The doctor runs away when you give him an apple.
C. You eat an apple every day and you can be healthy.
D. You can only apples, and the doctors will go away.
( )15、What keeps you healthy?____________
A. Fruit and vegetables B. Healthy food
C. Healthy food and sports D. Only apples.
D
A good way to pass an exam is to work hard every day in a year. You may fail in an exam if you are lazy for most of the year and then work hard only a few days before the exam. If you want to be good at English, you have to read stories in English, and speak English as much as possible.
A few days before the exam you should go to bed early. Do not go to bed late at night. Before you start the exam, read carefully over the question paper, and try to understand the exact meaning of each question. When you have at last finished your exam, read over your answers. Correct the mistakes if there are any and be sure that you have not missed anything out.
( )16. If people want to do well in an exam, they have to work hard_____
A. every day in a year B. for most of the month
C. for only a few days D. late at night
( )17. If people want to learn English well, they_____
A. only need to learn grammar B. must often practice English
C. have to go to England D. should go to bed early
( )18. It's important to______ a few days before the exam.
A. play too much B. have a good sleep
C. read the question papers D. have a good drink
( )19. When people have finished the exam, they should______
A. stand up and leave at once
B. answer .a few more questions
C. make sure that they have not missed anything out
D. leave some mistakes on the question paper
( )20. The best title for this passage is______
A. An Important Exam B. An Easy Exam
C. Get Ready for an Exam D. How to Pass an Exam
IV. 补全对话（5分）
A. Would you like to go with us?
B. How often do you go to the movies?
C. Do you usually go to the movies?
D. You’re welcome.
E. Have a good time with your friend!
F. What’s your favorite movie?
G. What do you usually do on weekends?
A:Tomorrow is Sunday. _1________
B: I usually go to movies. What about you?
A: Me too. _2________
B: Once a week.
A: _3________
B:It’s hard to say. But I like American movies.
A:Who do you usually go to movies with?
B: My friend, Sally.
A: Are you going to the movies this weekend?
B: Sure. _4________
A: I’d love to, but I have to look after my little sister this weekend. _5________
B: Thank you.
V.词汇。（10分）
A）根据句意及首字母提示，完成下列单词的拼写。
1.You must learn to eat h　　　and take exercise regularly.
2.Do you find the d__________between the twins?
3.Our eating h are good, so I am in good health.
4.The old man ____________(锻炼)every morning.
5.Katrina doesn't often _______ (喝)coffee she likes green tea..
B) 根据句意，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
6.My mother goes to Beijing____(two) a year.
7.I_____(hard) ever see him now.
8. Li Lei often __________ (help) me with my Chinese.
9.My mother wants me______ (eat) a lot of vegetables.
10. Good food and exercise help me _______ (study) better.
VI.句型转换。（10分）
1.My sister is ill. I must take care of her at home.（改为同义句）
My sister is ill. I must__________ __________ her at home.
2.Tom goes to bed at ten in the evening. （改为否定句）
Tom __________ ________ to bed at ten in the evening.
3.She goes to the movies three times a month.（对划线部分提问）
How _____ does she _____ to the movies?
4.My mother wants me to play the guitar.（同义句转换）
My mother_____ _____ me to play the guitar.
5. There is some milk in the glass.（就划线部分提问）
__________ __________ milk is there in the glass?
Ⅶ. 书面表达（20分）
某同学在班上做一次调查，统计一下同学们在playing computer games, exercising, doing homework, watching TV等方面的人数，如下表，请根据下列班级活动调查表写一篇不少于70词的调查报告。
Class 2,Grade 8: Activity Survey
?Activity
?Every Day
?Twice a Week
?Four Times a Week
watch TV
?60%
?20%
?20%
?exercise
?10%
?20%
?70%
?do homework
?100%
?0%
?0%
?play computer games
?0%
?5%
?0%
( All students=100℅ Most students=51℅－99℅ Some students = 1℅－50℅ No students = 0℅)