河南省部分市2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷分类汇编：阅读理解（含解析）

河南省部分市
2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷分类汇编
阅读理解
河南省洛阳市2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
What is Earth Hour
Earth Hour is an annual global campaign that encourages people and businesses around the world to switch off electricity at the same time for one hour. Earth Hour started in Australia in2007 when 2.2 million people in Sydney turned off all non-essential lights for an hour. Since then it has grow in to a massive global event. In 2013, millions of people in 7,000 cities and towns around the world switched off their lights for 60 minutes at the end of March. Every year landmarks and well-known buildings around the world take part and go dark for Earth Hour. The campaign even went into space when astronauts reduced power on the International Space Station in 2011.
Who organizes Earth Hour
Earth Hour is organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF). It was started by Andy Ridley who is executive director of Earth Hour Global, WWF. He came up with the idea because he wanted to raise awareness of environmental issues by asking people to do something positive to help the planet. Switching off the lights for an hour can make a small difference to the amount of energy we use but Earth Hour is also a symbolic event to make people think about the problems of climate change.
Why March
The end of March is around the time of the spring and autumn equinoxes(昼夜平分时) in both hemispheres (半球) respectively, when sunset times are at similar times. This means that a global “lights out” event has most visual effect at this time of year.
UK events
As well as famous London landmarks such as Big Ben, London Eye and Buckingham Palace switching off their lights, there are many other events around Britain. On the WWFs interactive map you can see which people, businesses, schools, organizations and landmarks are taking part each year and what they are doing.
1．When and where did Earth Hour begin
A．In Britain, in 2007. B．In Sydney, in 2013.
C．In London, in 2011. D．In Australia, in 2007.
2．How many examples are given to show Earth Hour is a massive global event
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
3．What event can you see in Britain at Earth Hour
A．The lights on London Eye are off for an hour.
B．The sun sets at the same time around London.
C．Businesses switch off all their lights in the day.
D．People are rushing to famous London landmarks.
B
I have spent my entire life either at the schoolhouse, on the way to the schoolhouse, or talking about what happens in the schoolhouse. Both my parents and my grandparents were educators. For the past 40 years I’ve done the same thing. Needless to say, over those years I’ve had a chance to look at education reform from a lot of aspects. And we know why kids drop out. We know why kids don’t learn. It’s either poverty, low attendance or negative peer influences. But one of the things that we never discuss or we barely discuss is the value—the importance of human connection and relationships.
James Comer says that no significant learning can occur without a significant relationship and all learning is understanding relationships. Everyone has been affected by a teacher or an adult. I have looked at the best and I’ve looked at some of the worst.
A colleague said to me once, “My duty isn’t to like the kids, but to teach a lesson. The kids should learn it. I should teach it. This is the case.” Well, I said to her, “You know, kids don’t learn from people they don’t like.”
I have had classes that were so low that I cried. I wondered, how was I going to take this group in nine months from where they were to where they needed to be And it was awfully hard. How did I raise the self-confidence of a child and his academic achievement at the same time
One year I came up with a bright idea. I told all my students, “You were chosen to be in my class because I am the best teacher and you are the best students. They put us all together so we could show everybody else how to do it.” And I gave them a saying: “I am somebody. I was somebody when I came. I’ll be a better somebody when I leave. I am powerful , and I am strong. I deserve the education that I get here.”
Teaching and learning should bring joy. How powerful would our world be if we had kids who were not afraid to take risks, who were not afraid to think, and who had a champion! Every child deserves a champion. An adult who will never give up on them, and who understands the power of connection, insists that they become the best that they can possibly be.
4．Why do kids drop out of school
A．They have a bad association with teachers.
B．They may come from low-income families.
C．They aren’t enthusiastic about school subjects.
D．They are influenced in an optimistic way by peers.
5．Which idea does James Comer agree with
A．Teachers should lay stress on the personal traits.
B．Students might learn a lot from teachers’ varied advice.
C．Understanding relationships leads to successful learning.
D．Education plays an important role in the kids’ childhood.
6．How did the author promote his students
A．He motivated them to build self-confidence.
B．He trained them to be committed and focused.
C．He awarded them many prizes during his class.
D．He was devoted to improving their self-discipline.
7．What can be the best title for the text
A．Every Kid Needs a Champion
B．True Love for My Own Career
C．How to Deal With Bad Students
D．My Joy of Being a Teacher
C
The climate threat became urgent in 2022, resulting in a heavy impact on the world’s climate indicators (指标). These indicators show how the planet is responding to climate change and the impact it has on both people and nature. The Climate Report, released ahead of Earth Day, consists of an analysis of global climate indicators such as sea level rise, ocean heat, and pollution levels.
A significant number of climate records were broken in 2022. For instance, oceans experienced record high temperatures. Due to warming oceans, global sea levels climbed to their highest record. Antarctica also recorded the lowest ever sea ice extent of 1.92 million square kilometers in February 2022, a record that has been broken again this year. The latest global data shows record high levels of planet-warming pollution, including methane (甲烷) and carbon dioxide in 2021.
These records demonstrate the urgency of the climate threat globally. Rising temperatures result in extreme weather conditions such as droughts, floods, and heatwaves. This puts wildlife, plants, and coastal communities at risk. Additionally, these extreme climate events results in challenges of lacking food.
It is vital for nations to come together to address the issue of climate change by accelerating efforts towards renewable energy, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, promoting sustainable land use practices, and supporting those who are already feeling the impacts of climate change.
In conclusion, the state of the climate report highlights the impact of the climate threat worldwide, which is having a serious effect on the planet’s climate indicators, nature, and people. The increasing frequency of extreme weather conditions results from the rising temperatures, which is why it is significant to take action towards decreasing the effects of climate change. It is our responsibility to safeguard the planet for future generations by taking measures that move us towards a sustainable and fair future.
8．What can we learn about the indicators from Paragraph 1
A．They are released ahead of Earth Day.
B．They indicate the decrease of sea level.
C．They show the planet’s response to climate change.
D．They imply the fall of pollution levels and ocean heat.
9．What is the result of rising temperatures
A．They partly lead to the problems of the food shortage.
B．They cause the highest recorded level of global warming.
C．They result in efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
D．They accelerate the promotion of sustainable development.
10．How should nations handle climate change
A．Reduce the risk of the extinction of wildlife and plants.
B．Make efforts to promote renewable energy and land use.
C．Support people who use vehicles to release carbon dioxide.
D．Transform the patterns of extreme climate change conditions.
11．Why is it significant to decrease the impacts of climate change
A．Everyone has a role to play in protecting the planet
B．It has a bad effect on endangered animals and plants.
C．The extreme weather conditions result in ocean heat.
D．The rising temperatures lead to extreme weather conditions.
D
If you can’t get your kids to focus on homework, give them blueberry juice! A study found that a wild blueberry drink promoted memory and concentration in primary school-age children.
Researchers from Reading University in Britain put 21 boys and girls through a battery of cognitive(认知的) tests on four occasions— once after drinking sugary water, once after a little blueberry drink, once after a mild blueberry drink and another after a strong blueberry drink. The researchers found on the days when they had the fruit drinks, they did better on the tests that involved recalling words they had briefly heard, and they also did better on tasks that required them to avert distractions. The best results were obtained after the high-strength drink, which contained the equal quantity of a cup and a half wild blueberries.
Wild blueberries contain materials good for health but researchers fixed their attention on flavonoid(黄酮类化合物), a health-promoting plant chemical found in a variety of fruits and vegetables, including berries. It is thought that the flavonoid in the berries may improve blood flow to the brain and ease the passage of information between cells. The researchers had to use powder made from wild blueberries to make the drinks in the study, as blueberries do not grow wild in the UK. But they insist blueberries and blackberries are also rich in flavonoid.
Although blueberries have been shown to be good for the brain before, all the research has been carried out on adults. Primary school is a vital stage in a child’s educational and social development. These results indicate strongly that consuming foods rich in flavonoid, such as wild blueberries, could aid overall learning in the classroom. The researchers now want to see if the fruit speeds up reading development and whether it is of particular benefit to children with distraction.
12．What did the study find
A．Blueberry juice was closely related to concentration,
B．Blueberry juice made children interested in learning.
C．Wild blueberries brought out a taste of good feelings.
D．Wild blueberries were of great benefit to some patients.
13．Which can replace the underlined word “avert” in Paragraph 2
A．Claim. B．Chase. C．Affect. D．Avoid.
14．How does flavonoid function in berries
A．It strengthens sweet taste in berries.
B．It makes berries different from others.
C．It promotes blood flowing and eases the cell passage.
D．It could provide powder made from wild blueberries.
15．What can we infer about the research from the last paragraph
A．It’s been applied to the improvement of kids’ speaking skills.
B．It’s probably made wild blueberries popular all over the world.
C．It’s provided a significant platform for adults’ social relationships.
D．It’s expected to be conducted on kids’ reading skills and attention.
河南省信阳市2022-2023学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列材料, 从每题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该选项标号涂黑。
A
Childhood is the golden period of life when kids love to stay in the world of cartoons, We humans, love to see animals as characters in fictional stories and cartoon shows. Here is a list of some of our favourite cartoon animals.
Mickey Mouse
Mickey Mouse is known all over the world in its bright red shorts and large yellow shoes. This world-famous carton of a mouse has taken our hearts away along with his friends the Donald Duck, Minnie Mouse, and pet dog Pluto since 1928.
Donald Duck
The most famous duck in the world, Donald Duck is a white duck with a large yellow-orange beak (鸟喙) that appears on screen dressed in a sailor’s cap and shirt. First introduced in 1934, he is known for his optimistic and enthusiastic attitude towards life. June 9th is celebrated as the National Donald Duck Day every year as this was the day when Donald made his screen first public appearance.
Tom and Jerry
Tom and Jerry are mainly about a bitter-sweet friendship between the title characters Tom, a cat, and Jerry, a mouse. Their stories have been made into 161 comedy short films by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera since 1940. The two share several sweet adventures and have been attracting the audience with their tricks for almost 80 years.
Kung Fu Panda
The world-famous and lovely fat Po the Giant Panda is a kung fu enthusiast, who accidentally gets selected as the Dragon Warrior. He is Master Shifu’s favourite student at the Jade Palace. He then teams up to destroy the evil forces that threaten the Valley of Peace. Po’s generosity, strength, and will-power make him win the hearts of people all over the world.
1．Who is the article mainly written for
A．Children. B．Teachers. C．Writers. D．Players.
2．What is special about Donald Duck
A．It makes you think of China easily.
B．A holiday is celebrated because of it.
C．It is the oldest cartoon animal of four.
D．It has been made into comedy short films.
3．Which cartoon animal is strong and brave
A．Mickey Mouse. B．Donald Duck. C．Tom and Jerry. D．Kung Fu Panda.
B
Carl was driving his taxi car crossing a shopping center when he noticed a woman getting off another taxi with a child in her arms, begging the driver not to leave her there. Carl was curious and got off the taxi to find out what happened. The boy was having difficulty breathing, and his arms and legs were shaking uncontrollably. “He’s having an attack! Please hurry up, Miss! We have to get him to the hospital. Quick, get in!”
The hospital was several miles away, so he had to race against time to save the boy. The woman told Carl that she and her four-year-old son, Tyler, were returning from the park when it started raining. But her son suddenly fell ill, so she asked the driver to take them to the hospital instead. But he refused, because she had no money. Carl was determined to save Tyler, so he kept driving.
Half an hour later, they arrived at the hospital. Tyler was rushed inside for treatment immediately as his mother was waiting outside, crying and hoping he would be fine. Carl was hungry and extremely tired but he stayed there until the doctors gave an update about the boy that he was out of danger an hour later. But he was told that it could have been dangerous if they hadn’t made it here on time. Mrs. Thomas immediately looked at Carl and joined her hands in tears, thanking him for saving her son’s life. Later, he dropped them off at home, and when Mrs. Thomas came out to pay him, he refused.
“I have a policy. Free of charge for those making trips to the hospital!” said Carl. “I’m just glad I was there on time. I just did what any good human being would do. Have a good night, Mrs. Thomas! And please give my regards to your son, Tyler!!”
Carl disappeared from Mrs. Thomas’s sight.
4．How did Carl meet the woman and his son
A．He helped the worried mother to comfort her son.
B．He was introduced to them by another taxi driver.
C．He was asked to take them to the hospital by taxi.
D．He offered to take them to the hospital in his taxi.
5．Where did Tyler and his mother go before he fell ill
A．A park. B．A supermarket. C．A bank. D．A station.
6．What can we learn from Paragraph 3
A．Tyler’s mother was sure he was alright.
B．Carl was staying there after eating something.
C．Carl drove the two of them back home for free.
D．Tyler’s mother shook Carl’s hands to thank him.
7．How did Carl feel when he left Tyler and his mother
A．Anxious, B．Relieved. C．Regretful. D．Excited.
C
“There’s a bird in the house!” is not a phrase generally spoken in a tranquil voice. More often, it usually leads to a frightened cry. Here’s what you need to know about handling this situation calmly and effectively.
The first thing to do is relax. Your nervous cries are only going to scare the poor thing, probably making it much more alarmed. Drive out any pets or keep any additional family members away that may add to the confusion. Turn off any ceiling fans and put lids over hot pots.
Since the bird is going to head for light, it’s important to close the curtains on all windows except one—the one you will now open as widely as possible to provide a larger opening for the bird. Close the extra doors to prevent the bird from heading elsewhere in the house. If there’s no door, you may have to do this by standing in the doorway holding up something to close it off.
Turn off any lights to darken the room and neighboring rooms as much as possible, which will allow the light of the open window or door to guide the bird out. The brighter the exit is, the better it becomes. The little guy should find its way out and leave the room within seconds. If a large amount of time has passed and the bird remains inside, you can hold up a piece of sheet or cloth to try to direct the bird toward the window or door. Some suggest throwing a towel on the bird, but this should only be done as a last effort.
You can also calmly chase the bird around the room to tire it out. Eventually, it will stop flying and rest on a place, at which point you might be able to put it gently into a box using a towel. Cover the box with the towel and carry it outdoors to release. Never strike a bird with a broom.
If all else fails, ask a wildlife removal professional for help.
8．What does the underlined word “tranquil” mean in the first paragraph
A．nervous. B．calm. C．excited. D．cheerful.
9．According to the passage, which of the following is advisable
A．Throwing something on the bird. B．Asking your brother to help you.
C．Closing the curtains on all windows. D．Chasing the bird around to tire it out.
10．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Different Attitudes to a Trapped Bird.
B．How to Get a Bird out of Your House.
C．How to Protect the Birds in Your House.
D．Different Ways to Catch a Bird in Your House.
11．Where is the text most probably taken from
A．A scientific journal. B．A history textbook.
C．A travel magazine. D．A design handbook.
D
Having failed doesn’t necessarily mean you’re a failure. Alexander Fleming failed to keep his lab equipment clean during a two-week vacation, and as a result, he discovered penicillin (青霉素). This discovery is said to have saved up to 200 million lives.
Even the most optimistic person can face anxiety, stress, and a feeling of personal defeat. You are no exception. But sitting around complaining will just make you a loser. What you do next is how you make sure that failure doesn’t go to waste. By treating each failure as an opportunity to reflect and grow, you can remove much of the fear that you’re going to fail and look ahead.
I take pride in being a responsible and capable person in performing any task. Yet, despite my best efforts, I do fail. When I fail, I tend to blame myself for my carelessness and worry about others’ comments. However, some colleagues and friends have surprised me with their instant forgiveness. They know forgiveness is often the only thing that makes sense. They are willing to let go of the incident and help me feel better.
Support from others is welcome, but the best support we can get comes from ourselves. We can learn from our experiences by observing, analyzing, and theorizing when things went wrong.
My father taught me to start a new project whenever I am facing troubled times. This could be writing or reading, creating or learning, but it’s always something to carry on. To have a project for the future creates hope, Hope is the courage of life. It is invisible but it can give us the ability to look to the future. Only if we keep our sights on the horizon, will we never fall on the small rocks.
Failure hurts us in some ways. It is a mistake to assume that failure is desirable. But a complete absence of failure would make our lives very dull indeed. The best we can do is create successes from our failures.
12．What does the example of Alexander Fleming tell us
A．What failure is. B．Failure is relative.
C．Penicillin is effective. D．Fleming invented penicillin.
13．What is the writer’s suggestion for someone who have failed
A．Trying to be positive. B．Explaining how that happened.
C．Learning from the failure. D．Turning to others for help.
14．How does the author draw the conclusion in 3-5 Paragraphs
A．By sharing his personal experience.
B．By doing some scientific experiments.
C．By getting advice from his friends.
D．By obtaining knowledge from books.
15．What is the attitude of the writer to failure
A．Negative, B．Uncertain. C．Objective. D．Doubtful.
河南省周口市2022-2023学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、BCD四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Famous Festivals in the USA Guide
Bonnaroo Music & Arts Festival(Manchester, Tennessee)
Held every year since 2002 in the tiny town of Manchester TN (south of Nashville), the amazing American music festival is held every June on a 700-acre (英亩) farm. Bonnaroo features, “Thousands of happy campers. Hundreds of acres of Tennessee nature. 150 epic performances, 10+ stages of music. Four of the best days ever. ”
Burning Man (Black Rock Desert, Nevada)
For one week each year, the massive dry lake bed of the Black Rock Desert in Nevada is changed into “Black Rock City”. This “city” is filled with camps and wonderful art installations (装置), which are constructed and deconstructed every year for the most unique festival in the US-Burning Man.
Christmas At Biltmore Estate (Asheville, North Carolina)
One of our favourite North Carolina Christmas events, Christmas at Biltmore gives Asheville NC visitors an opportunity to see the largest private home in America while its halls are decorated with beautiful Christmas decorations.
Fantasy Fest (Key West Florida)
The party atmosphere of Fantasy Fest has been compared to Mardi Gras in New Orleans and Carnival in the Caribbean Islands. There are parades, masquerade balls (假面舞会), costume contests, and 60+ official parties! Each year there is a unique theme, such as Space Broadway, House of Horror, Circus, Villains, ete. It is said that over 75, 000 people come out to experience this adult-themed Halloween feast.
1．What can visitors do on Bonnaroo Music &Arts Festival
A．Plant on the farm. B．Camp in nature.
C．Take a tour in the city. D．Compose music.
2．Which festival offers a chance to visit the largest private home in the US
A．Bonnaroo Music &Arts Festival. B．Burning Man.
C．Christmas At Biltmore Estate. D．Fantasy Fest.
3．Where can you go if you want to attend a festival specialized for adults
A．Tennessee. B．Nevada. C．North Carolina. D．Florida.
B
Born in 1975 in a poor neighbourhood in Sao Paulo, Eduardo Kobra began his career at 12 years old and, since then, has become one of the most recognized street artists in the world.
With more than 5, 000 murals(壁画) over five continents, he currently holds the record for the largest mural in the world, first for creating his famous mural Las Etnias (The Ethnicities) for the 2016 Rio Olympics. Then a year later he beat his previous record with his monumental work at Cacau Show Headquarters, a masterpiece that took 700 hours to complete and more than doubled his 2016 record. Influenced by the pop-art movement and modern artists, the realism in his designs makes his flat-surfaced extremely colourful wall paintings appear 3-D and alive with life.
With his project Greenpincel(2011), Kobra showed his strong will to the environmental cause. Climate change, water pollution, deforestation, predatory(掠夺性的) fishing, and mistreatment of animals became strong themes present in his work . In Stars of Peace, Kobra describes individuals who have given hope to the world through their lives, such as Mother Teresa, Mahatma Gandhi, Malala Yousafzai, and Anne Frank.
Kobra is involved in social causes, such as food collection campaigns and activities aimed at bringing art to poor communities, especially children who have no access to basic facilities.
In 2021, he started the Kobra Institute, which aims to bring art to vulnerable(脆弱的) people in Brazil. During the pandemic(大流行病), he led an activity together with the private sector to raise funds to build oxygen plants for COVID-19 patients.
4．Which of Kobra’s works made him set the second world record
A．Las Etnias. B．The Ethnicities.
C．Stars of Peace. D．A work at Cacau Show Headquarters.
5．What did Kobra concern much about in his project Greenpincel
A．Social causes. B．Famous individuals.
C．Painting skills. D．Environmental protection.
6．What do we know about Eduardo Kobra
A．He was born into an artistic fanily.
B．He specializes in romantic painting.
C．He devoted himself to helping the poor learn art.
D．He made a great fortune in 2016 Rio Olympics.
7．Which of the following words can best describe Kobra
A．Sensitive. B．Admirable. C．Humorous D．Adaptable.
C
Jazz is a kind of music in which improvisation(即兴创作) is typically an important part. In most jazz performances, players play solos which they make up on site, which requires considerable skills. There is great variety in jazz but most jazz is very rhythmic(有节奏的) and uses “blue” notes. You can often hear “call-and-response” patterns in jazz, in which one instrument, voice, or part of the band answers another. Jazz can express many different emotions, from pain to joy. In jazz, you may hear the sounds of freedom, for the music has been a powerful voice for people suffering unfair treatment because of the colour of the skin.
Jazz musicians place a high value on finding their own sound and style and that means for example, that trumpeter(号手) Miles Davis sounds very different from trumpeter Louis Armstrong. Jazz musicians like to play their songs in their own styles, and so you might listen to a dozen of different jazz recordings of the same song, but each will sound different.
Jazz developed in the United States in the very early part of the 20th century. New Orleans, near the mouth of the Mississippi River, played a key role in this development. The city’s population was more different than anywhere else in the South. People of African French, Caribbean, Italian, German, Mexican, and American Indian as well as English descent(血统) mixed with one another, African-American musical traditions mixed with others and gradually jazz emerged(产生) from a mixture of marches, blues, and other kinds of music.
At first jazz was mostly for dancing. After the first recordings of jazz were made in 1917, the music spread widely and developed rapidly. At the same time jazz spread from the United States to many parts of the world, and today jazz musicians and jazz festivals can be found in dozens of nations. Jazz is one of the United States’ greatest exports to the world.
8．What is a typical part of jazz
A．Players create music on site. B．It’s only performed indoors.
C．Players sing in different ways. D．It only expresses painful feelings.
9．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about jazz musicians
A．Their favourite songs. B．Their different styles.
C．Their high expectations. D．Their warm sounds.
10．What leads to the birth of jazz
A．The cultural mixture. B．A local language.
C．Traditional value. D．A perfect timing.
11．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．The Development of Modern Music B．A Report About African American
C．A Brief Introduction to Jazz D．Jazz Festivals in the Us
D
We always hear that texting is a disaster. The idea is that texting leads to the fall of a kind of serious literacy, or at least writing ability, among young people in the United States and now the whole world today. The fact of the matter is that it just isn’t true. In order to see that actually texting is a magical thing, a kind of emergent complexity (复杂) that we’re seeing happening right now, we have to look at what language really is in which case, one thing that we see is that texting is not writing at all.
Basically, if we think about language, language has existed for at least 80, 000 years, and it arose as speech. People talked. That’s what we’re probably genetically specified for. That’s how we use language most. Writing is something that came along much later. There’s a little bit of controversy (争议) as to exactly when that happened, but according to traditional opinions, if humanity had existed for 24 hours, then writing only came along at about 11:07 p. m.
Now don’t get me wrong. Writing has certain advantages. When you write, because it’s a conscious (有意识的) process, because you can look backwards, you can do things with language that are much less likely if you’re just talking.
Informal speech is something quite different. Linguists (语言学家) have actually shown that when we’re speaking informally in an unmonitored way, we tend to speak in word packets of maybe 7 to 10 words. You’ll notice this if you ever have occasion to record yourself or a group of people talking. That’s what speech is like. Speech is much freer. It’s much more telegraphic. It’s much less reflective—very different from writing. So we naturally tend to think, because we see language written so often, that that’s what language is, but actually what language is, is speech. They are two things.
Now of course, as history has gone by, it’s been natural for there to be a certain amount of bleed between speech and writing.
12．Why do some people think texting is a disaster
A．It reduces people’s ability to write.
B．It has no benefits to people’s health.
C．It is hard to understand its complexity.
D．It makes people addicted to cellphones.
13．What does the underlined word “arose” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Served. B．Responded. C．Appeared. D．Performed.
14．What mainly makes writing differ from speech
A．It is easy to process. B．It helps people think deeply.
C．It’s about the nature of language. D．It has more strengths than speech.
15．What is mostly to be discussed in the paragraph that follows
A．The history of language.
B．More details about writing.
C．The importance of formal speech.
D．The relationship between speech and writing.
河南省驻马店市2022-2023学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题
第一节(共15小题: 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Best Online Reading Tutoring Services
According to the 2022 National Assessment of Educational Progress Reading Assessment, only 33% of fourth- graders and 31% of eighth- grade students performed at or above“proficient“(熟练的) in reading, down two percentage points for fourth- graders and three percentage points for eighth- graders from 2019.
Literacy (读写能力) affects academic achievement in the long run; about 16% of children who score below proficiency for reading in third grade do not graduate from high school on time (compared to 4% of proficient readers).
But if your child is struggling, help is out there. Getting a reading tutor (辅导老师)doesn’t have to be complex, and there are lots of choices online. Whether your child’s reading skills need just a little help, a complete improvement, or some specialized tutoring toward a particular goal, there’s an online reading tutor out there that’s a great fit. Here are our picks for some of the best online reading tutoring services.
Best Overall: Skooli
Key Specs
Price: $0. 65 to $0. 82 per minute
Grade Level: Elementary school through cllge
Frequency: As needed
Best for Test Prep: Princeton Reriew
Key Specs
Price: $26 to $ 40 per hour
Grade Level: High school, college, and graduate level
Frequency: As needed, one hour per month, three hours per month, or five hours per month
Best for Full- Time Instructors: Revolution Prep
Key Specs
Price; About $40 to $ 117 per session
Grade Level: K - 12 and college
Frequency: 5 hours, 12 hours, or more
Best for 24/7 Help: Wyzant
Key Specs
Price: Starts at $ 10 an hour
Grade Level: All, plus adults
Frequency: As needed
Best for Tweens and Teens: Club Z
Key Specs
Price: $46to $ 57 per hour
Grade Level: Pre-K to college
Frequency: 4-, 8-, or 12- hour packages; custom plans are available
1．What’s the rate of eighth- graders at or above “proficient” in reading in 2019
A．34% B．33% C．31% D．28%
2．Which is the best for you to pick a full- time instructor
A．Skooli B．Princeton Review C．Revolution Prep D．Wyzant
3．How much do you need to pay at least if you pick 12- - hour package service from Club Z
A．$684 B．$552 C．$480 D．$312
B
By age 18, many teens are felig a combination of excitement and fear about the future. They tend to be very focused on their friends, social lives, and future. There are a lot of decisions to be made about life after graduation, including potential careers, college plans, or military service paths. Many 18- year- olds spend a lot of time into thinking about what type of life they want once they’re on their own, but they also may just be enjoying the present.
The day your child turns 18, they become a legal adult in most states. This means that they can vote, sign contracts, and join the military. By law, you are no longer required to support them and they are considered fully responsible for their own actions. And while you likely want to continue to help support your child to some level, you are now limited in what you can do. For example, you cannot call up their college professor to see how they are doing in their Calculus class—they have to do that themselves.
Parenting your 18- year- old can be a tricky balance of guiding them towards autonomy(自主) while also keeping them safe and supported. “Teenagers can be all gas and no brakes(刹车), and that’s scary, which is why it’s so important to keep an open, honest dialogue with them,” says Aliza Pressman, PhD, a professor of peditrics and psychologist at Mount Sinai Kravis Children’s Hospital in New York City.
Teens who have plenty of life skills often feel ready to move out of the home and begin the next chapter. But others may feel less than ready for life as an adult. Those who are less mature (成熟的) or experience self- doubt may step back a bit as they think about entering the next stage of their lives.
4．What does paragraph 1 mainly talk about
A．Characteristics of 18-year -olds. B．Confusion of 18- year- olds.
C．Consideration of18-year- olds. D．Decisions of 18- year- olds.
5．Why are you limited in your doings with your 18- year- -old
A．They ask their professor to stop you. B．They have to manage themselves.
C．They no longer need your support. D．They become a legal adult now.
6．What does Aliza Pressman say about Parenting your 18- year - old
A．It’s scary to let them drive with full gas but no brakes.
B．It’s hard to balance their autonomy and your guidance.
C．It’s important to have a frank conversation with them.
D．It’s necessary to let them go without any of your support.
7．What can we learn about Teens equipped with enough life skills
A．They hesitate to begin the new chapter. B．They feel both excitement and fear.
C．They are just enjoying the present life. D．They get ready to meet the adult life.
C
When she was a child, Yue- Sai Kan was told by her father that she should always aim to be the first to walk on the moon because no one remembers the second. What her father said has been a driving inspiration over the years for her to become an Emmy — winning television producer, bestselling author and successful entrepreneur.
Her new book Bea Pioneer, which is the tenth she has penned and her first Chinese- language autobiography (自传), came out after three years in the making. It was also inspired in part by her father’s words.
“Actually many people have asked me to write an autobiography. I have been asked so many times already but I always felt that it was not the right time for me to sit down and give thanks for my life and also I did not think my life was so exciting anyway,” says Kan.
However, her publisher thought otherwise, telling her that since she lived through interesting times in China, and was both witness and participant (见证者与参与者), she should write the book as a historical record.
“All the things I have done—my successes and my failures — can be a good example to young people in particular. I think that’ s the main reason why I wrote the book,” says Kan, adding that the COVID-19 lockdown gave her the unexpected opportunity to do some thinking about her life.
In the book, Kan included a lot of pictures taken from her early life. By scanning a QR code (扫二维码), readers are also able to see video clips from the period. “I am a television person, so I thought these videos were a great way to connect with my readers,” she says.
When writing an autobiography, the biggest challenges are not only how to present one’s life, but also remembering it in the first place. To help with reorganising her story, Kan asked the many friends and workmates she made over the years to write down their memories of her from earlier times. So besides featuring Kan’s own words, the new books are also filled with those of her friends, which gave Kan a new understanding of herself.
8．What can we infer from the first two paragraphs
A．Kan once walked on the moon. B．Kan’s father’s words deeply influenced her.
C．Kan’s father was a great author. D．Kan’s autobiography was written in English.
9．What mainly drove Kan to write her autobiography
A．To give thanks for her life. B．To be in honor of her father.
C．To share China stories well. D．To set the youth an example.
10．What challenged Kan most while writing her autobiography
A．How to gain a new understanding. B．How to collect memories from others.
C．How to connect with her readers. D．How to remember and present her life.
11．Which of the following can best describe Kan
A．Generous and optimistic. B．Helpful and patient.
C．Modest and inspirational. D．Kind and humorous.
D
A new study shows that a positive atitude about ageing can help recover mild memory loss. People with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are 30 per cent more likely to make symptoms (症状) disappear if they think positively about ageing, according to a study carried out by the Yale School of Public Health. The study was conducted over twelve years and involved 1,716 participants aged 65 and above.
MCI is usually considered a one-way process, but according to Professor Becca Levy, lead author of the study, that’s not the case at all, ”Most people assume there is no recovery from MCI, but in fact half of those who have it do recover.”
Mild cognitive impairment is a condition which causes memory loss and difficulty in thinking clearly. Symptoms might include forgetting events, or often losing things. Other more physical symptoms such as a loss of smell or spatial perception have also been connected with MCI.
It is mostly found in people over 60，and often leads to Alzheimer’s or other forms of dementia. The study was conducted over a twelve - year period between 2008 - 2020, with seven data collection waves performed every two years.
Results showed that those who came to the study with MCI were 30 per cent more likely to make a full recovery if they were upbeat about ageing. They were also likely to recover two years faster than those with more negative age beliefs (such as “The older I get, the more useless I feel”). Those who came to the study without MCI were also far less likely to develop it if they felt more age - positive, no matter of what their physical health or age is.
Factors (因素) such as age, race and gender have previously been examined for connections with recovery, but this is the first study to look at cultural factors — in this case, beliefs about ageing.
While the study definitely provided positive results, it’s still not known exactly why. “A limitation is that we did not examine the mechanism of positive age beliefs in cognitive (认知) recovery”, says Levy.
Given how well this research has gone, hopefully future studies will show the “why”, as well as looking at other cultural factors.
12．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The introduction of MCI. B．The causes of MCI.
C．The treatment of MCI. D．The recovery of MCI.
13．What does the underlined word “upbeat” in paragraph 5 mean
A．Careful. B．Serious.
C．Worried. D．Positive.
14．What is the most special about this new study
A．The thought of cultural aspects. B．The length of study time.
C．The way of collecting data. D．The age of participants.
15．What is probably its future study direction
A．The reason why physical symptoms of MCI will appear.
B．The way that positive age beliefs affect recovery of MCL.
C．The reason why positive age beliefs produce good results.
D．The factors that contribute to cognitive recovery of MCL.
河南省南阳市2022-2023学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题
第一节(共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
If you had an extra $100, how would you use it to bring more kindness in your community If you have a creative response to that question, read our FAQ below and apply for our monthly contest.
What is it
Kindness-In-Action helps individuals put kindness idea into action. People from all around the world submit their ideas on what they would do if they had an extra $100, and KindSpring selects a winner every month.
How does it work
First, you submit your idea, and if it gets selected, you'll hear from one of our volunteer reviewers about setting up a phone or Skype call. Following that, we'll mail you a check, you'll have a month to implement (实施) the idea in your community, and then share your experience and photos with the KindSpring community. We'll also feature it in our monthly newsletter that reaches more than 100 thousand people in 150 countries, so others can share the idea and spread more love!
What is the criteria for selection
Your personal intention, creative use of Smile. Cards, potential ripple effect (连锁反应)in the local community, and the votes from the KindSpring community (existing members can login and vote as well). Ultimately, we are trying to inspire small (not big!) acts of kindness.
How did you start
We received an unexpected donation in May. To share in the joy, we posted a small blurb in our online community asking for ideas. In less than couple weeks, more than 50 ideas were submitted and dozens of people helped us evaluate the ideas by adding "smiles". On July 1st, we announced our first winner and a commitment to continue this experiment. The aim of the experiment continues to be: To inspire creative acts of kindness in local communities, to empower individuals to practice generosity, to model a trust-drive philanthropy(慈善事业), and to spread good ideas.
Click Here to Apply. Or join our community and help us select the next winner
21. What can we learn from the text
A. A winner is selected every year.
B. Only people from America can submit their ideas.
C. An unexpected act of kindness contributes to its origin.
D. The one selected needs to use his or her own money to implement the idea.
22. What's the purpose of Kindness-In-Action
A. To choose more wise consumers.
B. To promote international cooperation.
C. To arouse people to express themselves.
D. To encourage acts of kindness and spread good ideas.
23. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A textbook B. A guidebook C. A website D. A report.
B
During the years that passed from I was born until my siblings(兄弟姐妹) and myself moved away from home, my mother didn't have a job. If she had been asked to fill out a questionnaire about her personal data, she would have left the question 'Employment' empty. She believed that her job was to be our mother- full time. That was the way she had chosen it to be.
There is an old yellowed photograph of my mother and father, taken in 1942, when they were on their honeymoon. They are sitting at a table in a restaurant. In the photo my mother looks very beautiful, I think. She was 23 years old then.
When I look at the photo, I see a woman who would have had an unlimited number of opportunities in life. She is more than just pretty; it is clear to see that she is both intelligent and vivid. I know that if she had put her mind to getting a career, the whole world would have been at her feet. The story of her youth confirms this. She got a brilliant exam in one of the finest schools in the country. In fact, she is the most intelligent person I know.
Yet she has always considered herself as house wife and mother. Everyone in the town admired her for the great effort she put into charity work, but if someone asked her what she did for a living or who she was, she answered that she was Robert Greene's wife, and Robert's, Deborah's and Timothy's mother.
Today there are probably many women who will see what she did as a waste of my mother's good abilities. Why should an intelligent and determined woman be content with making soup and sandwiches
We all go through our adult life with the conception that we have never been anything but fully developed grown-ups. But any of us have been small children once, who hurried home from school completely assured that someone was waiting for us at home. It meant something then and it means something today. And I am eternally(永恒地) grateful that the woman in the yellowed photograph was waiting for me.
24. Why did Mom leave the question "Employment"empty
A. Because she couldn't write. B. Because she was a full time mother.
C. Because she couldn't find a job. D. Because she was angry at this question.
25. Which of the following can best describe Mom
A. Diligent and stubborn. B. Beautiful and strict.
C. Intelligent and selfless. D. Ambitious and clever
26. What can we infer from the passage
A. The author has two siblings.
B. The author thinks highly of Mom's devotion.
C. Being a full time mother is a waste of ability.
D. An intelligent woman shouldn't be content with cooking.
27. Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. An Old Yellowed Photograph
B. The Memories of My Family
C. The Importance of Siblings' love
D. The Standard of Being a Good Mother
C
Researchers at North Carolina State University are proposing an additional white traffic light that will act as a sign to human drivers and passengers that they should follow the lead of self-driving vehicles moving through crossroads.
Driving is fundamentally changing. In the future, human drivers will be sharing the road with autonomous vehicles. The transition (转变) to autonomous vehicles is progressing with each passing year and humans are no longer the only ones driving cars. This makes it urgent for traffic lights with a fourth color to become a reality
The white traffic light would be equipped with wireless Bluetooth technology and would engage when the number of autonomous vehicles driving on the road at any given time exceeds a certain threshold (阈值). Autonomous vehicles would be in communication with each other and with the traffic lights at crossroads, within a certain range. Any human drivers in the mix would be informed to follow the lead of the vehicle in front of them via the white light: stop if it stops; continue if it continues.
In simulation models, autonomous vehicles were shown to improve traffic flow on their own. The higher the percentage of autonomous vehicles at a crossroads, the faster the traffic moved. "The white light can be used to coordinate (协调) traffic in any situation involving autonomous vehicles and tells human drivers what's going on, so that they know what they are supposed to do as they approach the crosswords, " says civil engineer Ali Hajbabaie.
As an example, most recently, Tesla's problematic full-self-driving vehicles have been criticized after a car crashed into a fire truck. Consequently, the potential risks make researchers suggest adding a fourth color to traffic lights in the coming years.
28. What does the underlined word "this" in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Driving along the roads.
B. Driving through crossroads.
C. The transition to many human drivers.
D. The transition to autonomous vehicles.
29. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. How drivers react to the traffic.
B. How the white traffic light works.
C. How Bluetooth technology changes.
D. How autonomous vehicles communicate with each other.
30. Why is the white light used according to Ali Hajbabaie
A. To coordinate traffic. B. To slow traffic flow.
C. To stop human drivers, D. To Control traffic lights
31. What is researchers' attitude towards adding a fourth color to traffic lights
A. Indifferent B. Negative. C. Doubtful. D. Favorable
D
Just three days after being diagnosed with COVID- 19 in September 2022, Joanne Hort realized she'd lost her sense of smell when she couldn't taste some orange juice. "I panicked, and ran to the bathroom and started trying to smell my perfume, but there was nothing, " she said. Hort's experience is now quite a common story.
Around 86 per cent of people who have had COVID- 19 experience a change in their sense of smell. For most, it's short-lived but for one in every five, particularly the over-40s, the damage takes over six months to resolve.
This epidemic of smell loss, a condition known in medical terms as anosmia (嗅觉缺失), has focused attention back on the sense that biologist Charles Darwin once described as "of extremely slight service to mankind". Almost 150 years after he said that, we now know that Darwin was wrong--very wrong. "Research has discovered more than 600 genes in the human body associated with the sense of smell, " explains sensory expert Professor Eugeni Roura from Australia's University of Queensland. "That's around three per cent of the whole genome (基因组) associated with just one system. That's huge and shows that the sense of smell is actually extremely important to the human body. ”
So how do we smell It happens when odour molecules in the air hit nerves in the lining of the nose. These send signals to the olfactory organ (嗅觉器官), the part of the brain that interprets smell. The olfactory organ makes up around five per cent of the human brain. It's estimated that it can discriminate between a million different odours, such as various spices, sourness, sweetness, etc. Each of us has a unique sense of smell and the strength of our unique smell is related to the genes. Other factors further determine how sensitive your sense of smell is.
32. What's the function of paragraph 1
A. Introducing the topic of the passage. B. Presenting a unique statement.
C. Providing some background information. D. Describing the painful life of Joanne.
33. Which of the following may the author agree with
A. Charles Darwin is a terrible biologist.
B. Sense of smell is unimportant to us humans.
C. Eugeni Roura agrees with Darwin's opinion of sense of smell.
D. Many genes in the human body are associated with the sense of smell.
34. What does the underlined word "discriminate" in the last paragraph probably mean
A. Recognize. B. Understand. C. Admire. D. Reflect
35. What will be talked about in the next paragraph
A. Measures to improve the sense system of our body.
B. Other factors determining the sensitiveness of our sonso of smell.
C. The relationship between our unique smell and the genes in our body.
D. The olfactory organ's huge influence on our brains and nerves of the nose.
参考答案
河南省洛阳市2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
1．D 2．C 3．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“地球一小时”，包括该活动的起源以及组织者等相关内容。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Earth Hour started in Australia in2007 when 2.2 million people in Sydney turned off all non-essential lights for an hour. Since then it has grown to a massive global event.(“地球一小时”于2007年在澳大利亚发起，当时悉尼有220万人关掉所有非必要的灯一小时。)”可知，“地球一小时”开始于2007年的澳大利亚。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根文章第一段“In 2013, millions of people in 7,000 cities and towns around the world switched off their lights for 60 minutes at the end of March. Every year landmarks and well-known buildings around the world take part and go dark for Earth Hour. The campaign even went into space when astronauts reduced power on the International Space Station in 2011.(2013年，全球7000个城镇的数百万人在3月底熄灯60分钟。每年，世界各地的地标和著名建筑都会参加“地球一小时”活动，并熄灯。2011年，当宇航员在国际空间站上减少电力时，这项运动甚至进入了太空。)”可知，文章主要举了三个例子来说明“地球一小时”已经发展成为一个巨大的全球事件。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“As well as famous London landmarks such as Big Ben, London Eye and Buckingham Palace switching off their lights, there are many other events around Britain.(除了大本钟、伦敦眼和白金汉宫等著名的伦敦地标熄灯外，英国各地还有许多其他活动。)”可知，伦敦眼会在“地球一小时”期间熄灯。故选A。
4．B 5．C 6．A 7．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了作者对于当代教育的一些看法，作者认为每个孩子都值得拥有一个冠军。一个永远不会放弃他们的成年人，一个懂得联系的力量的成年人，坚持让他们成为最好的自己。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“And we know why kids drop out. We know why kids don’t learn. It’s either poverty, low attendance or negative peer influences. (我们也知道孩子们为什么会辍学。我们知道孩子们为什么不学习。要么是贫穷，要么是出勤率低，要么是同伴的负面影响。)”可知，孩子辍学的原因要么是贫穷，要么是出勤率低，要么是同伴的负面影响。故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“James Comer says that no significant learning can occur without a significant relationship and all learning is understanding relationships. Everyone has been affected by a teacher or an adult. (James Comer说，没有重要的关系就没有重要的学习，所有的学习都是对关系的理解。每个人都被老师或大人影响过。)”可知，James Comer认为所有的学习都是对关系的理解，由此可知，理解了关系就会带来成功的学习。故选C。
6．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“How did I raise the self-confidence of a child and his academic achievement at the same time (我是如何在提高孩子的自信心的同时提高他的学习成绩的？)”以及文章第五段“One year I came up with a bright idea. I told all my students, “You were chosen to be in my class because I am the best teacher and you are the best students. They put us all together so we could show everybody else how to do it.” And I gave them a saying: “I am somebody. I was somebody when I came. I’ll be a better somebody when I leave. I am powerful , and I am strong. I deserve the education that I get here.” (有一年，我想到了一个好主意。我告诉我所有的学生：“你们被选来上我的课，因为我是最好的老师，你们是最好的学生。他们把我们聚在一起，这样我们就可以向其他人展示如何做到这一点。”我给了他们一句话：“我是个大人物。我来的时候是个大人物。当我离开时，我会成为一个更好的人。我很强大，我很坚强。我值得在这里接受教育。”)”可推断出，作者通过帮助学生建立自信来帮助学生提升自己。故选A。
7．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Teaching and learning should bring joy. How powerful would our world be if we had kids who were not afraid to take risks, who were not afraid to think, and who had a champion! Every child deserves a champion. An adult who will never give up on them, and who understands the power of connection, insists that they become the best that they can possibly be. (教与学应该带来快乐。如果我们的孩子不害怕冒险，不害怕思考，有一个冠军，我们的世界将会多么强大！每个孩子都值得拥有一个冠军。一个永远不会放弃他们的成年人，一个懂得联系的力量的成年人，坚持让他们成为最好的自己。)”以及全文可知，文章主要讲述的是作者认为教与学都应该带来快乐。而每个孩子都值得拥有一个冠军来带领他们成为最好的自己。故选A。
8．C 9．A 10．B 11．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2022年气候状况报告以及其重要性。
8．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“These indicators show how the planet is responding to climate change and the impact it has on both people and nature.(这些指标显示了地球如何应对气候变化及其对人类和自然的影响。)”可知，这些指标显示了地球如何应对气候变化及其对人类和自然的影响。故选C。
9．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“These records demonstrate the urgency of the climate threat globally. Rising temperatures result in extreme weather conditions such as droughts, floods, and heatwaves. This puts wildlife, plants, and coastal communities at risk. Additionally, these extreme climate events results in challenges of lacking food(这些记录表明了全球气候威胁的紧迫性。气温上升会导致干旱、洪水和热浪等极端天气。这使野生动物、植物和沿海社区处于危险之中。此外，这些极端气候事件导致粮食短缺的挑战。)”可知，温上升会导致干旱、洪水和热浪等极端天气，而这不仅使野生动物、植物和沿海社区处于危险之中也会导致粮食短缺。故选A。
10．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“It is vital for nations to come together to address the issue of climate change by accelerating efforts towards renewable energy, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, promoting sustainable land use practices, and supporting those who are already feeling the impacts of climate change.(至关重要的是，各国必须团结起来，通过加快开发可再生能源、减少温室气体排放、促进可持续土地利用方式以及支持那些已经感受到气候变化影响的人，来解决气候变化问题。)”可知，文章认为各国应该团结起来开发可再生能源、减少温室气体排放、促进可持续土地利用方式以及支持那些已经感受到气候变化影响的人，从而应对气候变化。故选B。
11．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The increasing frequency of extreme weather conditions results from the rising temperatures, which is why it is significant to take action towards decreasing the effects of climate change.(气温上升导致极端天气状况日益频繁，这就是为什么采取行动减少气候变化影响至关重要。)” 可推断，减少气候变化的影响之所以很重要是因为气温上升导致极端天气状况日益频繁。故选D。
12．A 13．D 14．C 15．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究发现，野生蓝莓饮料能提高小学适龄儿童的记忆力和注意力。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段中“A study found that a wild blueberry drink promoted memory and concentration in primary school-age children.”（一项研究发现，野生蓝莓饮料能提高小学适龄儿童的记忆力和注意力。）可知，研究发现蓝莓饮料与专注力相关，故选择A项。
13．推理判断题。根据第一段中“A study found that a wild blueberry drink promoted memory and concentration in primary school-age children.”（一项研究发现，野生蓝莓饮料能提高小学适龄儿童的记忆力和注意力。）以及下文的“distraction”（分散注意力）可知，这里要说的是避免注意力分散的任务，avoid“避免”与avert意思相近，故选择D项。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段中“It is thought that the flavonoid in the berries may improve blood flow to the brain and ease the passage of information between cells.”（人们认为浆果中的类黄酮可以改善大脑的血液流动，并简化细胞之间的信息传递。）可知，类黄酮的作用在于改善血液流动，简化细胞间的信息传递，故选择C项。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The researchers now want to see if the fruit speeds up reading development and whether it is of particular benefit to children with distraction.”（研究人员现在想看看这种水果是否能加速阅读发展，以及它是否对注意力不集中的孩子有特别的帮助。）可知，未来可能测试这种水果对于阅读及孩子专注力的影响，故选择D项。
河南省信阳市2022-2023学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题
1．A 2．B 3．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍的是几个常见的卡通动物。
1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Childhood is the golden period of life when kids love to stay in the world of cartoons, We humans, love to see animals as characters in fictional stories and cartoon shows. (童年是人生的黄金时期，孩子们喜欢呆在卡通的世界里，我们人类喜欢把动物当作虚构故事和卡通节目中的人物。)”可知，童年是人生的黄金时期，孩子们喜欢呆在卡通的世界里，故文章的主要读者是孩子们。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段Donald Duck部分中“June 9th is celebrated as the National Donald Duck Day every year as this was the day when Donald made his screen first public appearance.(每年的6月9日被定为全国唐老鸭日，因为这是唐老鸭第一次在银幕上公开露面的日子。)”可知，每年的6月9日被定为全国唐老鸭日，因为这是唐老鸭第一次在银幕上公开露面的日子，因此6月9日是当作一个节日而被庆祝。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据第五段“Kung Fu Panda”部分中“He then teams up to destroy the evil forces that threaten the Valley of Peace. Po’s generosity, strength, and will-power make him win the hearts of people all over the world.(然后功夫熊猫组队消灭威胁和平谷的邪恶势力。他的慷慨、力量和意志力使他赢得了全世界人民的心。)”可知，功夫熊猫向罪恶宣战的勇敢和慷慨、力量和意志力体现了他的强大和勇敢。故选D。
4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B
【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了出租车司机卡尔在一天疲惫的驾驶结束后看到一个抱着孩子的女人央求另一位出租车司机不要把他们放下。意识到孩子癫病病发作，卡尔主动送母子二人去医院，并且等待孩子脱离危险后送他们回家。女人表示感谢并支付车费，但卡尔拒绝了，认为自己只是做了任何一个好人都应该做的事情。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段“‘He’s having an attack! Please hurry up, Miss! We have to get him to the hospital. Quick, get in!’ (他发作了!小姐，请快点!我们得送他去医院。快，上车!)”可知， Carl 主动提出用他的出租车送母子二人去医院。故选 D。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段“The woman told Carl that she and her four-year-old son, Tyler, were returning from the park when it started raining. (这位女士告诉卡尔，她和她四岁的儿子泰勒正在从公园回来的路上，突然下起了雨。)”可知，她和她四岁的儿子 去了公园。故选 A。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段“Later, he dropped them off at home,and when Mrs.Thomascame out to pay him,he refused. (后来，他把它们放在家里，当托马斯太太出来付钱给他时，他拒绝了)”可知，Carl 把母子送回家，但没有收取他们的出租车费。故选 C。
7．推理判断题。倒数第二段“I’m just glad I was there on time. I just did what any good human being would do. (我很高兴我准时到了，我只是做了一个好人都会做的事)”。可知，Carl对自己的出现感到宽慰。故选 B。
8．B 9．D 10．B 11．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了如何让鸟儿飞离房间的方法。
8．词义猜测题。根据第一段“‘There’s a bird in the house!’ is not a phrase generally spoken in a tranquil voice. More often, it usually leads to a frightened cry. Here’s what you need to know about handling this situation calmly and effectively.（“房子里有只鸟!”这句话通常不会tranquil说出来。更常见的是，它通常会导致一声惊吓的叫声。要想冷静有效地处理这种情况，你需要知道以下几点。）”可知，遇到房间有鸟通常会发出惊吓的叫声，不会冷静，所以画线部分 tranquil为“平静的”意思。故选 B。
9．推理判断题。根据第五段“You can also calmly chase the bird around the room to tire it out.（你也可以平静地在房间里追鸟，让它累坏）”可知，作者建议追着那只鸟跑，把它累坏。故选D。
10． 主旨大意题。根据第一段第三句“Here’s what you need to know about handling this situationcalmly and effectively（要想冷静有效地处理这种情况，你需要知道以下几点。）”起到承上启下的作用，是文章的主题句。以下几段是鸟飞进屋内后的可能及应对措施。即：文章的主题是，如何让鸟离你的房间。故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据第一段“‘There’s a bird in the house!’ is not a phrase generally spoken in a tranquil voice. More often, it usually leads to a frightened cry. Here’s what you need to know about handling this situation calmly and effectively.（“房子里有只鸟!”这句话通常不会平静地说出来。更常见的是，它通常会导致一声惊吓的叫声。要想冷静有效地处理这种情况，你需要知道以下几点。）”这篇文章在讲：如何让鸟飞离房间，是一篇科普文章，本文最可能出自科学杂志。故选A。
12．B 13．C 14．A 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章通过讲述作者个人的经历，阐释了作者对于失败客观的看法即失败确实能够使我们受到伤害；可是同时完全没有失败的生活非常枯燥无味，由此我们生活中需要失败，这样才能在失败中创造成功。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Alexander Fleming failed to keep his lab equipment clean during a two-week vacation, and as a result, he discovered penicillin (青霉素).(亚历山大·弗莱明(Alexander Fleming)在两个星期的假期里没有保持实验室设备的清洁，结果，他发现了青霉素。)”可知，青霉素是因为无法保持实验室的整洁所产生的，即失败也可能带来成果，所以失败是相对的。故选B。
13．推理判断题。根据第二段中“By treating each failure as an opportunity to reflect and grow, you can remove much of the fear that you’re going to fail and look ahead.(把每一次失败都当作一次反思和成长的机会，你就可以消除对失败的恐惧，向前看。)”可知，作者建议从失败中进行反思，汲取经验教训，当作成长的机会。故选C。
14．推理判断题。根据第三段中“I take pride in being a responsible and capable person in performing any task. (我为自己在执行任何任务时都是一个负责任和有能力的人而感到自豪。)”以及第四段中“Support from others is welcome, but the best support we can get comes from ourselves. (来自他人的支持是受欢迎的，但我们能得到的最好的支持来自我们自己。)”以及第五段中“My father taught me to start a new project whenever I am facing troubled times. (我父亲教导我，每当我遇到困难的时候，就开始一个新的项目。)”可知，在第三段到第五段中，文章多次提及了作者个人的成长经历，故作者通过分享个人经历来支持文章的观点。故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Failure hurts us in some ways. It is a mistake to assume that failure is desirable. But a complete absence of failur