Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?词汇拓展及单选暑假练习（含答案）

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room
rubbish n.垃圾；废弃物
（近义词）litter/waste/trash
take out the rubbish倒垃圾 rubbish bin垃圾桶 trash bin/can垃圾桶
fold v.折叠；对折
（反义词）unfold v.打开，展开
fold the clothes叠衣服
sweep v.打扫（不规则动词）
sweep-swept（过去式）-swept（过去分词）-sweeping（现在分词）
sweep the floor扫地
floor n.地板
sweep the floor扫地 on the first/second floor在一/二楼
mess n.杂乱，不整洁
be in a mess乱七八糟 make a mess (of)把…搞得一团糟
clean up the mess收拾烂摊子 What a mess!真是一团糟
throw v.扔；掷（不规则动词）
throw-threw（过去式）-thrown（过去分词）-throwing（现在分词）
throw litter扔垃圾 throw away扔掉，丢弃 throw up呕吐；抛起
all the time 频繁，反复
与time相关的短语：
in time及时 on time准时
at the same time同时 from time to time时不时，偶尔
neither adv.也不 pron.两者都不
neither…nor既不是…也不是…(表示两者之间的否定，反义词组both…and… “两者都”)
neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语 “某人也不…”
neither of…没有一个
shirt n.衬衫
as soon as 一…就…
（近义词组）the moment
as soon as possible 尽快
pass v.给；递；走过；通过
pass sb. sth=pass sth to sb.把某物递给某人
passer n.过路人；旅客；考试合格者
pass the exam通过考试 （反义词组）fail the exam没通过考试
borrow v.借用
borrow sth from sb.向某人借某物
e.g. He borrowed some money from her. 他向她借了一些钱。
（反义词）lend v.借出
lend v.
lend-lent（过去式）-lent（过去分词）-lending（现在分词）
lend sb. sth.=lend sth to sb.借给某人某物
e.g. Could you lend me some money 你能借给我一些钱吗？
（反义词）borrow v.借进
finger n.手指
fingernail指甲盖 fingertip指尖 fingerprint指纹
hate v.厌恶；讨厌
hate to do/doing sth. 讨厌做某事
（近义词）dislike （反义词）like
chore n.杂物；乏味无聊的工作（可数名词）
do chores做家务=do housework
while conj.与…同时；当…的时候；而；然而
（近义词）when/as
snack n.点心；小吃；快餐（可数名词）
stress n.压力 v.强调
（近义词）pressure n.
stressed adj.紧张的；感到有压力的 be stressed out感到有压力的，紧张的
stressful adj.紧张的，有压力的
waste n.浪费；垃圾 v.浪费；滥用
（近义词）rubbish/litter/trash n. （反义词）save v.节约
in order to (do sth.)目的是，为了
e.g. We should work hard in order to pass the exam.
为了能通过考试，我们应该努力学习。
（近义词组）so as to (do sth.)【只能用在句中】
e.g. Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby.
轻点进去，别惊醒了婴儿。
in order that+从句 “目的是…”
e.g. We should work hard in order that we can pass the exam.
为了能通过考试，我们应该努力学习。
provide v.提供；供应
provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. for sb.
e.g. You should provide good service for your customers.
你应该为你的顾客们提供好的服务。
（近义词）offer v. offer sb. sth.=offer sth to sb.
e.g. They decided to offer the job to Joe.
他们决定把这份工作给Joe.
anyway adv.而且；不论如何
e.g. I shall go anyway. 不论如何，我要走了。
depend v.依靠，依赖
depend on 依赖，依靠，取决于
e.g. All living things depend on the sun for their growth.
所有生物的生长都依赖于太阳
dependence n.依赖 dependent adj.依赖的
independence n.独立 independent adj.独立的
（交际用语）It (all) depends.视情况而定
develop v.发展，壮大
develop-developed（过去分词）-developed（过去分词）-developing（现在分词）
developed adj.发达的 developing adj.发展中的 development n.发展
independence n.独立
（反义词）dependence n.依赖
independent adj.独立的 dependent adj.依赖的 depend v.依赖
fairness n.公正性；合理性
（反义词）unfairness n.不公正性；不合理性
fair adj.公平的 unfair adj.不公正的
fairly adv.公正地 unfairly adv.不公正地
since
因为（引导原因状语从句，相当于because）
e.g. Since this method doesn’t work, let’s try another.
既然这种方法不行，我们就试试另外一种吧。
自…以来（引导时间状语从句，多用于现在完成时，后接时间点）
e.g. She has been working in a bank since 2020.
她从2020年开始就一直在银行上班。
since then从那时候起
neighbor n.邻居
neighborhood n.地区 in the neighborhood of 大约；在...附近
take care of 照顾；处理
（近义词组）look after/care for
（拓展）take care当心，小心
care for(+sb.)喜欢 care about(+sth.)关注，在意，担忧
ill adj.有病的，不舒服的
（近义词）sick adj.
illness n.疾病——sickness
drop v.落下，掉下
（近义词）fall v.
drop litter扔垃圾
能力训练1
( )1. —Could I borrow your bike, please
—_______
A. Of course you can B. It doesn't matter C. Yes, I'd love to D. No, thank you
( )2. —I haven't been to the science museum for a long time. What about you
—_______. Could you go with me this weekend
A. Me too B. Me neither C. So have I D. Me either
( )3. —Could I use your computer, Alice
—Sorry. I'm going to_______it now.
A. depend on B. get on C. work on D. turn on
( )4.—What a_______! You should clean up your bedroom at once.
A. miss B. matter C. mix D. mess
( )5. —Bob, don't forget to_______ your quilt when you get up every morning.
—OK, Mom.
A. make B. raise C. fold D. throw
( )6.—Why does Tom _______to learn math
—Because he thinks it's too difficult and boring.
A. decide B. try C. hate D. enjoy
( )7. —Could I _______your bike, Tina
—Sorry, yesterday I_______it to my friend, Mary.
A. lend; borrowed B. borrow; lent C. lend; lent D. borrow; borrowed
( ) 8. —We'd better drive a car there, or we'll be late.
—Maybe we can call Alan. He can give us a_______.
A. ride B. notice C. mess D. finger
( )9. —Cleaning the house every day is a real_______ for me. It's so boring!
—Why not listen to some nice music while doing it
A. chore B. housework C. homework D. action
( )10. —Mom, Bob and I will go swimming this afternoon.
—_______your ears. You can use earplugs(耳塞)to stop water from getting into your ears.
A. Take up B. Take care of C. Take after D. Take off
能力训练2
( )1. —Sorry, I couldn’t find the book you need.
—_______.
A. That’s OK with me B. Thanks anyway C. You're welcome D. Good idea
( )2. —Why didn't Sandy come with you
—She went to visit a(n)_______ friend this morning
A. bad B. sick C. ill D. sore
( )3.—I’m sorry but I _______use the bike myself. I must go shopping today.
—That's OK! I_______borrow Lucy's.
A. must; could B. have to; can C. have to; could D. must; can
( )4. —My daughter is more _______than before. Now she tries to do many things alone .
—Then you have more time for yourself, don't you
A. outgoing B. independent C. comfortable D. friendly
( ) 5. —Do you know whose company this is
—Jack's. He_______ it from nothing. Now he's a big boss.
A. developed B. improved C. found D. repaired
( )6. —Don't worry about your son. His temperature will _______back to normal if he takes this medicine.
—Thank you, doctor!
A. throw B. raise C. drop D. pass
( )7. —It's_______ ! Mike got more pocket money than me.
—But he often helped your father take care of the garden last week.
A. fair B. unfair C. common D. serious
( )8. —Eat up your vegetables, Eric. Don't let all this food go to_______.
—But I hate them , Mom.
A. waste B. hurt C. break D. lie
( )9. —I never thought to meet you here! It's a year_______ we last met.
—Oh, Cathy! You don't know how much I miss you.
when B. while C. before D. since
( )10. —Could I tell her everything
—Of course! She’s the kind of person you can_______.
A. turn down B. take after C.depend on D. cheer up
参考答案
能力训练1
1-5 ABCDC 6-10 CBAAB
能力训练2
1-5 BBBBA 6-10 ACDAC