Module 4 Rules and suggestions 知识点

Module 4
Unit 1
考点1
pay attention 注意，留意
e.g. Pay attention, please. I have something important to tell you.
请注意，我有重要的事要告诉你们。
You must pay attention to what the sign says.
你们必须注意标识的内容。
The teacher told the students to ___________________ (注意) writing.
考点2
set off 出发，动身
e.g. The Greens will set off for the railway station.
格林一家将要动身去火车站。
A group of children are setting off fireworks in the square. 一群小孩正在广场上放烟花。
—The group of boys and girls ________ to study in college this morning, full of nice dreams.
—I believe their dreams can come true one day.
A. set off B. fell off
C. put off D. kept off
We should stop ________ fireworks to reduce pollution.
A. getting off B. turning off
C. taking off D. setting off
考点3
suggestion /s 'd est n/ n. (an idea or a plan that you mention for sb. else to think about ) 建议
e.g. some suggestions/advice 一些建议
Mary suggested asking her father for his opinion.
玛丽建议询问她父亲的看法。
—Could you give me a few _________ on how to spend the coming summer holiday
—OK, let me see.
A. hobbies B. suggestions
C. knowledge D. information
考点4
whenever /wen'ev / conj. (at any time that ) 每当；无论什么时候
e.g. Whenever you come, you’ll be welcome.
无论你什么时候来都受欢迎。
Whenever I hear that song, it makes me think of my mother.
每当听到那首曲子，我就会想起我的母亲。
—Do you still remember our primary school teacher, Mrs Liu
—Yes, she always encouraged us and gave us support __________ we met difficulties.
A. whenever B. whatever C. however
考点5
proper /'pr p / adj. (right, appropriate or correct) 合适的；恰当的
e.g. It is right and proper to arrange our time like that.
这么安排我们的时间很恰当。
We should realize that everyone has his or her own merits (优点) and defects (缺点) , so we must treat them _________.
A. properly B. actually C. exactly
考点6
go off 离开
e.g. The alarm clock went off just now.
刚才闹钟响了。
Suddenly the light went off. 电灯突然灭了。
Meat goes off quickly in summer.
夏天肉很快就变质了。
The boss was late for the meeting because his alarm clock didn’t _________.
A. go off B. go out C. go on
考点7
on one’s own 独自地
e.g. You can’t expect him to do it all on his own.
你不能期望他独自一人把它全部做完。
Mr Green has a house of his own.
格林先生有一座自己的房子。
—China’s first large passenger plane C919 flew successfully on May 5.
—Yes. What’s more, it was built on our own in Shanghai. _________
A. with some help B. from our friends
C.by ourselves
考点8
starve /stɑ v/ v. (to suffer or die because you do not have enough food to eat ) 挨饿；饿死
e.g. Some prisoners we saw in the film were starving.
电影中我们看到的一些囚犯快要饿死了。
The country is starved for first-class technicians.
这个国家急需一流的技术人才。
—Mum, what will we have for breakfast I’m ___________ (starve).
—We’ll have dumplings. They will be ready soon.
考点9
be careful of 当心；小心
e.g. Be careful! The floor is wet. 小心！地板是湿的。
While you’re travelling in the forest, you must be careful of the wild animals and be careful with your things.
在森林里旅行时，你必须当心一些野生动物，看好你们的物品。
__________! There is some broken glass on the ground.
A. Go ahead B. Be careful
C. Keep quiet D. Look up
考点10
come on 来吧
e.g. Come on, Lucy. We are looking forward to your English songs.来吧，露西。我们正期待着你的英文歌呢。
Come on! The bus is coming. 快点！公共汽车来了。
Oh, come on, you know that isn’t true.
哎呦，得了吧， 你知道那不是真的。
—The game is too hard for me. I will certainly lose.
—_________ You should never say no before you try.
A. Forget it! B. Come on!
C. I’m sorry. D. Pardon me!
考点10
fairly /'fe li/ adv. (to some extent but not very ) 相当；还算
e.g. It is a fairly easy question.
这是一个相当容易的问题。
fairly 修饰形容词或副词时，一般指较好的情形，fairly不能与比较级或too连用。
rather 修饰形容词或副词时，好坏情形均适用，rather可以和比较级或too连用。
The book is __________ too difficult for the boy.
A. rather B. fair
C. fairly D. very
考点12
smooth /smu / adj. 平坦的
e.g. The path in life is not always smooth.
人生的道路并不总是平坦的。
The baby’s skin was as smooth as silk.
那个婴儿的皮肤如丝绸般光滑。
The interview went smoothly. 面试进展顺利。
Once a week my business suit is ____________ (smooth) ironed.
考点13
to begin with 起初；开始的时候
e.g. It was fine to begin with and then it started to rain.
起初天气晴朗，然后开始下雨。
To begin/start with, she is too young for that job.
首先，她年纪太小不适合做那项工作。
Welcome to our school, ladies and gentlemen. _________, I’d like to introduce myself. [菏泽]
A. To be honest B. To my surprise
C. To start with D. To tell you the truth
考点14
straight /stre t/ adj. (without a bend or curve) 直的；笔直的
e.g. She is a beautiful girl with straight black hair.
她是个留着一头黑色直发的漂亮姑娘。
He went straight home. 他直接回了家。
My cousin Lily has long ___________ (直的) hair.
一、根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成句子
1．Don’t stand at the e______ of the mountain . It’s dangerous .
2．If you are interested in something，it will be easy for you to pay a__________ to it for a long time .
3．The teacher drew ________(直的)line on the blackboard .
4．This street is very ________(平坦的) but that street is very rough .
5．The young man is very happy to get a ________(相当)good job .
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6．I always get ________(lose) in the mountains .
7．I can’t understand your suggestion . Would you mind explaining it ________ (clear)？(淮安)
8．We can’t walk ________ (across) the street when the traffic light is red .
9．Miss Li has much experience of __________ (teach) dancing .
10．He _________(him) went there . So I think he is very brave .
三、单项选择
11．—Did you enjoy ________ in Chengdu last week
—Yes, I had great fun there . (德州)
A．myself B．yourself
C．ourselves D．Themselves
12．They give us many ________ about learning English .
A．advice B．news C．suggestions D．Information
13．Martin and Susan ________ for Shanghai to attend an international meeting yesterday .
A．put off B．fell off C．set off D．kept off
14．All the students ________ know cheating in the exam is not allowed .
A．need B．may
C．must D．can
15．—Haven’t you done dinner？My god！________
—Sorry, I am too busy and forget to cook for you .
A．I’m starving!
B．I’m laughing .
C．It’s impossible .
D．You want to die .
四、根据汉语意思完成句子
16．不管你做什么，你都必须要尽你的最大努力按时完成它。
__________ you do，you must______ ______ ______to finish it on time .
17．我来带路，请跟我走。
I’ll _______ _______ _______．Follow me, please .
18．你最好晚上不要独自出去。
You’d better not go out ________ ________ ________ at night .
19．鲍勃一个人离开了，尚未回来。
Bob ________ ________ alone and has not ________ .
20．他一口气画了三幅画。
He drew three pictures ________ ________ ________ .
Unit 2
考点1
fall asleep 入睡
fall asleep意为“入睡”，表示动作，侧重于“自然而然地入睡”，有时指无意之中或在不适当的场合睡着。 My father fell asleep on the sofa.我爸爸在沙发上睡着了。
be asleep意为“睡着的”，表示一种状态，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。 The child has been asleep for two hours.这个孩子已经睡了两个小时了。
go to bed表示“上床睡觉”，强调上床睡觉这个动作，无“睡着”之意，它的对应词组是get up“起床”。 We went to bed at nine and fell asleep at ten. 我们九点钟上床睡觉，十点钟入睡。
He __________ at about eight o’clock and he __________ after a while.
A. fell asleep; went to sleep
B. went to bed; fell asleep
C. was asleep; went to bed
D. went to bed; was sleepy
考点2
noise /n z/ n. (a sound, especially when it is loud, unpleasant or disturbing ) 声音；噪音
e.g.The strange noise made us mad.
这种奇怪的噪音让我们气愤。
noise 指不悦耳的声音，如噪音、杂音、吵闹声等。
voice 指人发出的声音，如说话声、唱歌声等。
sound 泛指人们所能听到的自然界的一切声音。
e.g. Try not to make any noises when you go upstairs.
上楼时尽量不要弄出声音。
Taylor Swift has a lovely singing voice.
泰勒·斯威夫特有悦耳的歌喉。
There were strange sounds coming from the next room.
隔壁房间传来奇怪的声音。
I didn’t hear the phone because it was too ____________ (吵闹的) in the supermarket.
—Philips, must you make so much ________ when your little sister is sleeping
—Sorry, Mum. I’ll stop right away. [长沙改编]
A. voice B. noise C. sound
考点3
hang /h / v. (to attach sth., or to be attached ) 悬挂；吊
e.g. My coat is hanging in the lab.
我的外套正在实验室里挂着
词条 意义 过去式/过去分词
hang 悬挂；吊 hung；hung
绞死 hanged；hanged
e.g. I hung the washing on the clothes line.
我把洗好的衣服挂在晾衣绳上。
At last, the bad man was hanged.
最后，这个坏男人被绞死了。
My bag _________ there behind the door.
A. hanged B. hang
C. is hanging D. has hanged
考点4
in a/the tree 在树上
e.g. Look! There is a kite in the tree.
看！那棵树上有一个风筝。
in the tree (外来的事物) 在树上 There is a bird in the tree.树上有一只鸟。
on the tree (树本身的东西，如花、果实等)在树上 There are some apples on the tree.树上有些苹果。
When winter comes, there aren’t any leaves _________ the tree.
A. on B. in C. at D. of
考点5
by prep. 在……旁边
e.g. Tom sits by the window in the classroom.
汤姆坐在教室里的窗边。
—How will you catch up with others in your class
你将如何赶上班里其他人？
—By studying harder. 通过更加努力地学习。
A woman stood __________ the window, watching the children playing games in the garden. A. past B. through
C. across D. by
考点6
put up 搭建
e.g. We put up our tent in the woods.
我们在树林里搭起我们的帐篷。
They are putting up a new office block.
他们正在建造一幢新办公楼。
put 的短语小结：
put up 搭起；张贴
put away 收起来
put out 熄灭；扑灭
put down 写下；记下
put on 穿上；上演
put off 推迟；延迟
A lot of schools across China _________ starting classes because of COVID-19. [凉山]
A. put up B. put off
C. put on D. put away
考点7
keep 的用法
e.g. Running is a good way to keep healthy.
跑步是保持健康的好方法。
We must keep the room clean.
我们必须保持这个房间干净。
We often exercise to keep ________. [渝北]
A. health B. healthy
C. healthily D. unhealthy
考点8
sudden /'s dn/ adj. 突然的；急剧的
e.g. The weather was fine in the daytime but a sudden heavy snow came at night. 白天天气还不错，但晚上突降大雪。
We were talking on the phone when, suddenly, the line went dead.我们正通着电话，突然断线了。
Because of the bad weather, there was a _____________ (sudden) change of our plan
考点9
above all 尤其是，最重要的是
e.g. Above all, make sure you are safe.
最重要的是，确保你是安全的。
Don’t punish him. After all he is a child.
不要惩罚他，毕竟他是个孩子。
First of all, let’s make a plan.
首先，让我们制订个计划。
最重要的是，现在送他去医院。
_____________, send him to the hospital now.
考点10
see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事
see sb. do sth. 表示“看见某人做某事” 强调看见了动作的全过程
see sb. doing sth. 表示“看见某人正在做某事” 强调看见某动作正在进行
e.g. I saw Mike enter the room quietly and sit behind the door.我看见迈克悄悄地进入房间，坐在门后。
—Where are they 他们在哪里？
—I saw them playing football on the playground just now. 我刚才看见他们正在操场上踢足球。
—I tried to make Alice _________ her mind but I found it difficult.
—Well, I saw you _________ that when I went past.
A. changed; do B. changes; doing
C. change; to do D. change; doing
考点11
still /st l/ adj. ( calm and quiet) 静止的；寂静的；不动的
e.g. It’s very hard for kids to stay still.
对孩子们来说保持不动很难。
Are you still living there 你还住在那儿吗？
She is still more beautiful. 她更漂亮了。
—What’s the English word for the Chinese food jiaozi
—You can __________ say “jiaozi”. It has been added to the Oxford English Dictionary.
A. just B. even C. still D. hardly
考点12
every time 每次；每当
e.g. Every time I see Tom, he is reading a book.
每次我看见汤姆，他都在读书。
I visit my grandfather every time I go to London.
每次我去伦敦的时候，都会拜访我的祖父。
一、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词
1．It will rain soon . Let’s put up a ________(帐篷)here .
2．He brings a ________(枪)to keep safe .
3．This sofa is very comfortable and it feels very ________ (柔软的)．
4．The sound of footsteps in the darkness made her ________(血)go cold .
5．We kept________(静止的；不动的)and tried not to bother him .
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
6．The sitting room is ______ (hang)with beautiful paintings .
7．The bus came to a ________ (suddenly)stop and I nearly fell down .
8．The teacher doesn’t allow us____________(use)the mobile phone .
9．That clothes store is ________(open) every day .
10．The students can get ________(noise) easily when they study in groups .
三、单项选择
11．Light travels much faster than ________．
A．voice B．sound C．noise D．Tune
12．Last night I ____ at nine，but I didn’t ____ until eleven .
A．went to sleep；go to bed B . went to bed；fall asleep
C．fell asleep；go to sleep D . fell asleep；go to bed
13．I saw Li Ming ______ near the river on my way home .
A．plays B．playing C．to play D．Played
14．In some countries, people ________ download(下载)music from the Internet without paying, because it’s against the law . (德州)
A．wouldn’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．couldn’t
15．We’d better ________ a notice here .
A．put on B．put away
C．put up D．put out
16．I ________ the clothes on the line just now .
A．hang B．hung
C．hanged D．hunged
17．Some of the tired students keep their eyes ________ at break .
A．opened B．close
C．closed D．open
18．It is impolite to speak loudly ________ you are having a dinner .
A．before B．after
C．while D．until
四、根据汉语提示完成句子
19．汤姆、杰克和我上周去了北京。我们三个参观了许多
美丽的地方。
Tom，Jack and I went to Beijing last week .
________ ________ ________ ________visited many
beautiful places .
20．我伸出一只手去够那个香蕉。
I ________ ________ a hand for the banana .
21．让我们继续前进。我们很快就要到达山顶了。
Let’s ________ ________．We’ll soon get to the top of the mountain .
22．作为一名学生，最重要的是他应该努力学习。
As a student，_______ _____，he should study hard .
23．树上有一个球。
There is a ball________ ________ ________．
Unit 3
考点1
except / k'sept/ prep. (used before you mention the only thing or person about which a statement is not true ) 除……之外
e.g. This library is open every day except Tuesday.
这个图书馆除了星期二之外每天都开门。
except 意为“除……之外”，含有“减去”的意思，强调except 后的词不包括在内。 I go to work by bike, exceptwhen it rains. 我骑自行车去上班，除了下雨的时候。
besides 意为“除……之外（还有……）”，含“ 加上” 的意思， 指包括besides 后面的宾语。 Besides two novels, I havebought a dictionary. 除了两本小说以外，我还买了本词典。
but 意为“除……之外”时，常用在 nothing, all, everything 等代词之后。 There is nothing but trees here.这里除了树木别无他物。
The museum is open daily __________ (除了) Mondays.
考点2
cause /k z/ v. 造成；引起
e.g. More and more cars caused the busy traffic.
越来越多的车辆引起交通拥挤。
His friend’s death caused him to think more about the meaning of life.
他朋友的离世使他更多地去思考生命的意义。
Some complain that visitors are __________ (cause) too much stress on the environment.
考点3
wake up to 意识到；认识到
e.g. Please don’t wake me up until 9:00 tomorrow morning.
请在明天上午九点叫醒我。
It was late. She opened the door quietly because she didn’t want to _________ her grandma.
A. call up B. wake up
C. stay up D. get up
你现在意识到学习的重要性还不晚。
It’s not late for you to ___________ the importance of studying now.
考点4
pass on…to sb. 把……传递给某人
e.g. I will help you to pass on the message to other students.
=I will help you to pass the message on to other students.
我会帮你把消息传给其他学生。
考点5
in order to... 为了……
e.g. In order to finish the article, he worked late into the night.
为了完成那篇文章，他工作到深夜。
Mary got up early in order to do morning exercises.
玛丽早早起床做早操。
为了实现中国梦，我们必须努力学习和工作。
___________ to achieve our Chinese Dream, we must study and work hard.
In order _________ for the meeting, my sister forced herself to get up early this morning.
A. not to be late B. not being late
C. to be late D. being late
考点6
be known as 被称为……；被称作……
This disease _________ commonly _________ Mad Cow Disease.
A. is; known as B. is; know as
C. is; known for D. is; know for
情态动词
情态动词表示说话人对动作的观点，如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等，不能单独作谓语，情态动词与助动词一样，后面需要接动词原形构成谓语，它们一般没有人称和数的变化(have to除外)。常用的情态动词及用法如下：
can和could
1．表示能力或客观可能性，意为“能；会”。
eg：—Can you play the piano
你会弹钢琴吗？
—No，I can't.不，我不会。
2．表示许可或请求，意为“可以”。
eg：Can I read your newspaper
我可以看一下你的报纸吗？
Could you pass the book to me
你可以把那本书递给我吗？
3．表示推测、怀疑，多用于否定句和疑问句中。
eg：Mr Smith can't be at home.
史密斯先生不可能在家。
— Is that Mary over there
—It _________ be her. She has gone to Kunming.
A. may B. must C. can’t D. mustn’t
—It’s too hot. _______ I swim in the lake
—No, you ________ . That’s too dangerous.
A. Should; can’t
B. Need; mustn’t
C. Must; needn’t
D. Could; can’t
may 表示请求、许可， 意为“可以”。 You may sit here ifyou want. 如果你想的话，你可以坐在这儿。
表示推测，常用于肯定句中，意为“可能，也许”。 She may come backtomorrow, but I amnot sure. 她可能明天回来，但是我不确定。
might may 的过去式 He asked if he might go home. 他问是否 他可以回家了。
表示请求、许可， 语气比may更委婉。 Might I smoke here 我可以在这儿吸烟吗？
表示推测，常用于肯定句，意为“可能，也许”（ 可能性比may小）。 It might rain tomorrow. 明天可能有雨。
I ________ be late, so don’t wait for me to start the meeting.
A. mustn’t B. needn’t
C. need D. may
—Mum, I’ve signed for a big box by Future Express ( 快递). What’s in it
— I’m not sure. It _________ be a present from your brother.
A. might B. must C. should D. will
must
1．表示义务，意为“必须”。在回答must引导的一般疑问句时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用 needn't或don't have to。
eg：—Must I go now？我现在必须去吗？
—Yes，you must.是的，你必须去。
(No，you needn't./No，you don't have to.不，你不必。)
2．表示推测，意为“一定”，这时must只能用
于肯定句中。
eg：The book must be Lily's because there's her name on the cover.这本书一定是莉莉的,因为封面上有她的名字。
3．mustn't表示“禁止，不允许”。
eg：You mustn't play football on the road.
你不许在公路上踢足球。
I ________ go now, or I’ll miss my train. [北京]
A. can B. might C. must D. could
—Must I hand in the survey on the use of bicycle-sharing right now
—No, you ________. [福建]
A. needn’t B. can’t C. shouldn’t
must 强调主观上“必须”，无人称和数的变化。
have to 表示客观的义务或需要，表示不得不，有人称和数的变化。
—The manager says that there’s no hot water after 8:00 tonight.
— You mean we _________ go to bed without a shower. How terrible!
A. can B. have to
C. may D. must
shall和should
shall 表示征询意见， 多用于第一人称。
should 表示责任、义务等，可以用于各种人称。
e.g. Shall we go shopping
我们去购物好吗？
Bill should get to school on time.
比尔应该按时到达学校。
Let’s practise speaking English together, __________ we
A. shall B. need
C. could D. must
You look so weak! I think you ________ go to see a doctor at once.
A. might B. should C. could
would 和will
1．表示意愿，可用于多种人称。will指将来，would常用于间接引语，指过去的将来。
eg：I will help you.我会帮助你。
He said he would help us.他说他会帮助我们。
2.表示向对方提出请求或询问对方的意愿。
eg: Will you give me a hand
你能帮我一下吗？
Would you mind opening the window
你介意打开这扇窗户吗？
_________ you mind telling me how _________ English words
A. Must; to remember
B. Should; remember
C. Would; to remember
D. Must; remember
一、选词并用其适当形式填空
need, can’t , should, may, must
1．You ________ study maths to be an engineer.
2．These clothes are too dirty and they ________ washing.
3．Mr Li ________ be in the office.He has gone to Beijing for a visit.
4．________ I borrow your pencil, please
5．You ________ hand in your homework on time, Tom.
二、单项选择
6．(天津) Look at the “No parking” sign. You ______ park your car here.
A．should B．must C．needn't D．mustn't
7．(海南)Mr. Zhou can't find his ID card anywhere. It ______ be lost.
A．can't 　　 　　B．should 　　 　　C．must
8．(连云港)—Shall we take a car
—No, we ________ . It's only five minutes' walk.
A．can't B．mustn't
C．needn't D．couldn't
9．(六盘水)—Must I practice the violin now，mom
—No, you ________. You can go out for a walk.
A．mustn't B．shouldn't
C．can’t D．needn't
10．(安溪) —Excuse me, how can I get to the railway stationin Quanzhou
—Go on until you come to a wide street, and then turn left. You ________miss it .
A．mustn't 　　 　B．can't 　　 　C．shouldn't
11. ( 自贡) —Whose bike is this
—I am not sure. It ________ be Mary's.
A．shall　　 　B．must　 　　C．might
12．(泰安)Nowadays all passengers ______go through safety check before taking a train.
A．can B．may C．must D．will
13. (安徽) Please don't make so much noise. I _____ hear the speaker very well.
A．needn't B．mustn't
C．can't D．shouldn't
14．(连云港)—________ I know by what time you want the project to be done
—By the day after tomorrow. _____you finish it on time
A．May; Can B．Must; Need
C．Could; Must D．Need; Would
15．(东营)After you read the article “Why fast food is slowly killing you”， you ________ stop eating fast food.
A．can B．may
C．have to 　 D．should