Module12 Help祈使句和情态动词must、can、could表猜测辅导讲义2023-2024学年外研版英语八年级上册（含答案）
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| 名称 | Module12 Help祈使句和情态动词must、can、could表猜测辅导讲义2023-2024学年外研版英语八年级上册（含答案） |  | |
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| 版本资源 | 外研版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-08-07 09:53:12 | ||
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辅导讲义
学员姓名： 年 级：初 二 课 时 数：
授课主题 外研版英语八年级上册module12 Help祈使句和情态动词must、can、could表猜测
教学目标 知识目标：掌握module12重点单词31个、重点短语11个及其拓展的知识点。 能力目标：提高学生用英语表达请求帮助、呼救的能力，通过课文了解不同的自救方式。 情感目标：培养学生的自我保护意识、安全意识。
教学重难点 重点：灵活运用module12的重点单词、短语、句型 难点：通过课文内容记忆单词和短语，辨析易混淆单词、短语的用法
授课日期及时段 2023年 月 日
教学内容 模块12的基础知识点梳理 Key vocabulary： 1.broken adj. 破碎的 2.glass n.玻璃 3.stairs n. 楼梯；梯级（stair的复数） 4.aid n. 援助；帮助 5.first aid 急救 6.medical adj. 医学的；医疗的 7.imagine vi. 想像；设想 8.bottom n. 底部；下端 9.at the bottom of … 在…..的底部 10.wrong adj. 错误的；有毛病的。adv. 错误地；不正确地 11.What`s wrong with… ….怎么了？ 12.trouble n. 麻烦；烦恼；困难 13.lift . 举起；提起；抬起。n. 电梯 14.lift up 抬起；提起 15.harmful adj. 有害的 16.drop vt. 投下；使落下 17.training n. 训练；培训 18.make sure 确保；确认 19.cover v. 盖；盖上 20.earthquake n. 地震 21.warn vt. 警告，告诫 22.inside n. 里面；内部；adv. 在里面；prep. 在….里面 adj. 里面的；内部的 23.under prep. 在….正下方；在….下面 24.window n. 窗；窗户 25.keep vt.（kept [kept]） 保持；留在 26.clear adj. 不和….接触的；不挨….太近的；v. 清除；清理；移走 27.keep clear of … 不和….接触 28.calm adj. 镇静的，沉着的 29.brave adj. 勇敢的；无畏的 30.helpful adj. 提供帮助的；有用的 31.power n. 电力 重点词句同步讲解 1.【课文原句】Let’s imagine an accident. 【用法】imagine及物动词，想象，设想；其后常接名词、代词或从句作宾语。 imagine doing sth想象做某事 ——We can imagine life without water. ——I imagine playing with my friends. ——He imagines that people don’t like him. 【对点练习1】Let's imagine_______ like birds. A. fly B. flying C. to fly D. to flying 2.【课文原句】A boy is lying at the bottom of the stairs. 【用法】bottom可数名词，意为“底部，下端”。 ——at the bottom of在……的底部。 ——Tom is standing at the bottom of the stairs. ——There is a lot of sand at the bottom of the river. 【对点练习2】A boy is lying the stairs. 一个男孩正躺在楼梯底下。 3.【课文原句】But he could have trouble hearing you or speaking to you. 【用法】trouble不可数名词，意为“问题，困难”。have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难。 ——I have trouble finding work. 【拓展】 have trouble with sb./ sth.某人或某物有问题I had trouble with my roommate.get into trouble惹上麻烦The boy often gets into trouble.be in trouble处于困境中When he is in trouble, he always turns to friends for help.take the trouble to do sth.做某事很费力Thank you for taking the trouble to help me with my English.
【对点练习3】（1）I have some trouble_________ the letter. His handwriting is very bad. read B. to read C. reading D. reads （2）他听你说话或跟你对话有困难。 He_______ _________ ________ ________you or_________ to you. 4.【课文原句】Lift him up and sit him on a chair 【用法】lift作及物动词，意为“举起，抬起，提起”。lift up意为“抬起，提起” ——The box is too heavy for me to lift. ——She lifted it up. 【拓展】lift还可用作名词，意为“电梯”。 ——She is too short to reach the buttons of the lift. 【对点练习4】We'll have to____________ the car to get her out. 我们得把车子抬起，才能救她出来。 5.【课文原句】No, that could be harmful! 【用法】harmful形容词，意为“有害的”be harmful to sb./ sth.意为“对某人/某物有害的”。 ——Do you know it’s harmful ——Smoking is harmful to your health. 【拓展】do harm to sb./ sth.意为“对某人/某物有害”，harm为不可数名词。 ——It does harm to our environment. 【对点练习5】Noise is a kind of pollution and it ______________our ears. 噪音是一种污染，对我们的耳朵有害。 6.【课文原句】Make sure he’s warm. 【用法】make sure意为“确保，保证”，后面多跟that引导的宾语从句。 ——Make sure (that) he takes the medicine three times a day. ——Make sure that they come early. 【拓展】be sure意为“确信”，表示“有把握，有信心”，可以与动词不定式、of短语或that从句连用。 ——He is sure to win the game. ——I’m not so sure of myself. ——Are you sure that you will win 【对点练习6】Li Ming is so careful that he always looks over his exercises to _______there are no mistakes. A. make sure B. find out C. think of D. look for 7.【课文原句】Cover him with a coat. 【用法】cover此处用作及物动词，意为“盖，盖上”， cover… with… 用……盖上…… ——She covered her face with hands. ——Cover the table with a cloth. 【拓展1】be covered with意为“被……覆盖”。 ——The ground was covered with snow. 【拓展2】cover还可以用作可数名词，意为“封面，书皮”。 ——I bought a new book. Its cover is green. 【对点练习7】 He covered her mouth________his hand. 8.【课文原句】That’s such good advice that you could be a doctor, Betty! 【用法】such…that…如此…以至于 【辨析】such…that…与so…that… such…that 引导结果状语从句，其中such修饰名词。such + a / an + adj. + 单数可数名词 + that从句such + adj. + 不可数名词 / 复数可数名词 + that从句so…that 引导结果状语从句，其中so修饰形容词或副词。so + adj. / adv. + that从句so + adj.+ a /an + 单数可数名词 + that从句so + many / few / much / little + 名词 + that从句
——There are such beautiful paintings that I don’t know which to choose. ——He is such a clever boy that we all like him. ——He ran so quickly that no one could catch him. ——He’s so young that he can’t go to school. 【对点练习8】（1）I have never heard such_______before. A. a beautiful song B. beautiful song C. beautiful a song D. beautiful the song （2）It is Sunday today. It is_______lovely weather_______we want to spend the day on the beach. A. such a; that B. such; that C. such a; as D. so; that 9.【课文原句】…so it is difficult to warn people about them. 【用法】warn sb. about… 提醒/警告某人注意……warn此处用作及物动词，意为“警告，告诫”。 ——Her parents often warn her about her schoolwork. ——He warned me about the thief. 【拓展1】warn sb. of sth. 意为“警告某人某事”。 ——They warned him of the danger. 【拓展2】warn sb. (not) to do sth. 意为“警告某人（不要）做某事”。warn sb. against doing sth. 与warn sb. not to do sth.同义。 ——Our teacher warned us not to play football on the street. = Our teacher warned us against playing football on the street. 【对点练习9】（1）Father often______ me not to play ball games in the street. 爸爸经常警告我不要在街上踢足球。 （2）My mother warned_________on the edge of the rock. I not sit B. me not sitting C. me not to sit D. us not sit 10.【课文原句】Tilly’s teacher was very proud of her. 【用法】be proud of 意为“为……而自豪；以……为骄傲”。proud形容词，意为“骄傲的；自豪的”。 ——We are proud of our country. 【拓展】同义词组为take pride in。 ——He was proud of having such a great mother. = He took pride in having such a great mother. 【对点练习10】My mother ____________________my success. 我妈妈为我的成功而感到骄傲。
11.【课文原句】broken破碎的 【用法】broken作形容词，意为“破碎的;破损的;伤残的;坏的”。 broken是动词break的过去分词转化而来的形容词。 —— Look at the broken window.看那扇破碎的窗户。 ——My bike is broken, so I have to walk to school.我的自行车坏了，因此我不得不走着去上学。 12.【课文原句】glass玻璃 【用法】glass表示”玻璃”时作不可数名词，表达数量用...piece(s) of glass. —— I cut myself on a piece of broken glass.我被一块碎玻璃划仿了. 【拓展】① glass表示“玻璃杯”时作可数名词，复数形式为 glasses。 ——I bought two glasses yesterday.昨天我买了两个玻璃杯。 ② glasses意为“眼镜”，只用复数。 ——Miss Liu always wears a pair of glasses.刘老师总是戴着一副眼镜。 13.【课文原句】This morning's class is about first aid, or giving someone basic medical help.今天上午的课是关于急救的，或者给某人基本的医疗救助。 【用法1】aid作名词，意为“救助;帮助”。 first aid意为“急救”。 ——They joined in the aid programme.他们加入了接助活动。 ——Mr Ma taught us how to give first aid.马老师教我们如何进行急救。 【用法2】medical作形容词，意为“医学的;医疗的”，通常位于名词之前作定语。 ——They sent several medical teams to the villages.他们向村子里派出了几支医疗队。 ——Their daughter is studying in a medical school.他们的女儿在一所医科学校学习。 14.【课文原句】Let’s imagine an accident.让我们设想一起事故。 【用法】Imagine作动词，意为“想象，设想”，后接名词、代词、动词ing形式或宾语从句作宾语，但不可接动词不定式。 ——Can you imagine life without water 你能想象没有水的生活吗 ——I imagine playing with my friends.我想象着和朋友们玩要的样子。 ——Close your eyes and imagine that you are on a lonely island.闭上眼睛，设想自己在一个偏僻的岛上。 【拓展】I/ We imagine后若接表示否定含义的宾语从句，否定部分转移到主句。 ——I don’t imagine that they will refuse.我认为他们不会拒绝。 15.【课文原句】First of all， find out what＇s wrong with him.首先，弄清楚他怎么了。 【用法】“ What’s wrong with.... ”意为“……怎么了 ”，用来询问某人/某物出了什么问题，也可以直接用“What’ s wrong ”来询问有什么问题或不顺心的事。 ——What s wrong with my computer 我的电脑出了什么问题 ——You look pale.What’s wrong 你看起来脸色苍白，怎么了 【拓展】询问某人/某物出了什么问题的句型还有: ①what's the matter with... ——What’s the matter with your arm 你的胳膊怎么了 ②What's the trouble with... ——What's the trouble with your plan 你们的计划出了什么问题 16.【课文原句】But he could have trouble hearing you or speaking to you，但是他有可能无法听到你或者和你说话。 【用法】trouble( a problem，worry，difficulty，etc.)此处用作名词，意为“问题;麻烦;困难”。 have trouble(in) doing sth. 意为“做某事有困难”; have trouble with...意为“在………方面有困难”。 trouble还可用some、much、little、no等修饰。 ——Do you have any trouble (in) learning English 你学英语有困难吗 ——We had no trouble (in) finding the bank.我们毫不费力就找到了那家银行。 ——They had trouble with their car.他们的小汽车出了问题。 【拓展】trouble作动词，意为“麻烦;使烦恼”。 —— I’ m sorry to trouble you.很抱歉麻烦你。 17.【课文原句】Lift him up and sit him on a chair 把他扶起来让他坐在椅子上 【用法】lift( raise)此处作动词，意为“举起;抬起;提起”。 lift up意为“抬起;提起”。 lift up是“动词十副词”型短语动词，代词作宾语时必须放在lift和up中间。 ——She lifted her arms above her head.她把手臂举过了头顶。 ——The box is heavy. Please help me lift it up.这个箱子很重，请帮我把它抬起来 【拓展】lift作名词，意为“电梯”。 ——His flat is on the fifteenth floor. Let's take the lift.他的公寓在第15层，咱们乘电梯吧。 18.【课文原句】No,that could be harmful!不，那可能会造成伤害! 【用法】harmful( causing damage or injury to sb./sth.)作形容词，意为“有害的”，尤指对环境或健康有害。 be harmful to/for意为“对....有害”，相当于 be bad for。 ——Smoking is harmful to your health.吸烟对你的健康有害。 【拓展】do harm to意为“对…有伤害”。其中harm为不可数名词，意为“伤害;损害”。 ——That will do a lot of harm to our environment.那将对我们的环境造成很大伤害。 19.【课文原句】 You could drop him and hurt him even more.你可能会摔着他使他伤得更严重。 【用法】drop(to fall or make st.fall)作动词，意为“使落下，投下”。drop的过去式是 dropped,现在分词为dropping。 ——He came into the room and dropped into a chair.他来到屋子里，一下子坐在了椅子上。 【拓展】drop与fall 相同点 fall和drop都可作不及物动词，表示物体“落下，降落，摔下”fall和drop都可指温度、价格等“下降”不同点 drop还可作及物动词，fall则不可fall侧重表示无意识的行为;drop可表示有意识的行为
——The man dropped/fell from the top of the building.那人从楼顶上摔了下来。 ——The temperature suddenly fell/dropped，温度突然下降了。 ——He fell off his bike and hurt his leg.他从自行车上摔了下来，伤了腿。 ——The boy dropped his shoes on the floor.那个男孩把鞋扔在地上。 20.【课文原句】Make sure he’s warm.确保他不受凉。 【用法】make sure意为“确保;确认”，后可接that从句或of短语，其中，that可以省略。 ——Make sure (that )no one finds out about this.确保没有人发觉这件事。 ——They scored another goal and made sure of victory.他们又进了一球，锁定了胜局。 【拓展】be sure意为“确信;对……有把握”，后可接动词不定式、of短语或that从句。 ——He is sure to succeed.他一定会成功。 21.【课文原句】Cover him with a coat.把外套盖在他身上。 【用法】cover此处用作及物动词，意为“盖;盖上”，常与介词with搭配。 cover...with...，意为“用……把……盖住”(表示动作); be covered with...意为“被……覆盖”(表示状态)。 ——Please cover the table with a white cloth.请在桌子上铺一块白布。 ——The mountains are covered with trees.群山被树木覆盖。 【拓展】cover还可用作名词，意为“盖子;封面”等。 ——Please put a cover over the bowl.请用一个盖子把碗盖住。 ——The book needs a new cover.这本书需要一个新封面。 22.【课文原句】Earthquakes always happen suddenly,so it is difficult to warn people about them.地震总是发生得很突然，所以很难给人们警告。 【用法】Warn作动词，意为“警告；告诫”。其常见搭配有 ①warn sb. about /of sth 警告/提醒某人注意 ②warn sb. against sb./sth.提醒某人注意…;使某人警惕 ③warn sb.(not) to do sth.提醒/警告某人(不要)做某事 ——I tried to warn him. but he wouldn’t listen.我设法提醒过他，可他就是不听。 ——His father warned him about the weather when he went out.他出去的时候，他父亲提醒他注意天气 ——Her mother warned him of the danger.他母亲警告他有危险。 ——The man warned us against pickpockets at the station.那个男人提醒我们在车站提防小偷 ——The guidebook warns the visitors not to walk alone at night.这本旅游指南告诚游客不要在夜间单独行走。 23.【课文原句】inside在室内 【用法】inside有多种词性，其常见用法如下: 名词---里面;内部--That is just like the inside of the office. 副词---在里面;在室内--He looked inside，but he could see nothing.! 形容词---里面的;内部的--I was driving on the inside lane. 介词---在…里面--She walked inside the room. 24.【课文原句】Keep clear of fires.避开火。 【用法1】keep作动词，意为“保持;留在”，过去式是kept，其用法有: ①keep后可接形容词作表语。 ——Please keep quiet.请保持安静。 ②keep后可跟形容词、现在分词、过去分词、介词短语等作宾语补足语。 ——Close the door to keep the room warn.关上门以保持室内温暖。 ——I’m sorry to keep you waiting so long.对不起，让你久等了。 ——Please keep your hands behind your back all thee time请把你的双手一直放在背后。 【用法2】clear此处用作形容词，意为“不和……接触的;不挨……太近的”。keep clear of意为“不和…接触”。 ——Keep clear of cars and buses when you re on the road.在路上不要离小汽车和公共汽车太近。 【拓展】① clear作形容词，还可意为“清晰的;明亮的;明朗的”。 ——The water in the lake is very clear.湖里的水很清澈。 ② clear作动词，意为“清除;清理;移走”。 ——I always clear my desk before I go home.我回家前总要把课桌清理干净。 25.【课文原句】Keep calm,especially when you are with other people.保持镇静，尤其是身边还有其他人的时候。 【用法】calm作形容词，意为“镇静的;沉着的”。常见搭配:keep/ stay calm“保持冷静”。 ——Her voice was surprisingly calm.她的声音出人意料地平静。 ——Try to keep calm and just tell me what happened.镇静点，告诉我出了什么事。 【拓展】calm还可以作动词，意为“使平静;使镇静”。 calm down“冷静下来;平静下来”。 ——She was breathing quickly and tried to calm herself.她呼吸急促，尽カ让自己平静下来。 ——Calm down for a minute and listen to me.安静一会儿，听我说。 26.【课文原句】 It is dangerous. You must keep out!危险。你必须待在外面! 【用法】keep out意为“不进入;留在外面”。 ——The sign says“ Keep out”.牌子上写着“不得入内”。 【拓展】keep(sb/sth.)out of...意为“使不受……影响;使不进入…” ——Keep the baby out of thee sun.别让孩子晒着。 ——Keep the dog out of your bedroom.别让狗进入你的卧室。 27.【课文原句】Tilly＇s teacher was very proud of her.蒂莉的老师很为她感到自豪。 【用法】be/ feel proud of sb./sth.意为“为某人/某事感到自豪”。 ——I was proud of myself for not giving up.我为自己没有放弃而感到自豪。 ——He felt proud of his new car.他为他的新车感到自豪。 【拓展】be/ feel proud后也可接动词不定式或that从句。 ——I feel very proud to be a member of the team.能成为队里的一员我感到十分荣幸。 ——She was proud that her son won the game.她很自豪她的儿子赢了比赛。 一、单选选择 （ ）1. ——I have great ____ in learning English and I’m so worried. Could you help me ——Sure, I’d love to. A. trouble B. differences C. advice D. choices （ ）2.——Do you have any trouble____ English ——Yes, but I try to make myself ____. A. to speak; understood B. to speak; to understand C. speaking; understand D. speaking; understood （ ）3. The boxes aren’t too heavy. You can ____. A. lift up it B. lift it up C. lift up them D. lift them up （ ）4.Too many cars are ____ to the environment, so we’d better take the bus more. A. useful B. harmful C. helpful D. meaningful （ ）5. There aren’t many tickets left for the concert. You’d better ____that you get one today. A. make sure of B. make a decision C. make sure D. make plans （ ）6. The streets were covered ____ snow. A. for B. with C. to D. in （ ）7.Alice’s Adventure in Wonderland is ____ a good book ____everyone likes it. A. so; that B. too; to C. enough; to D. such; that （ ）8.——Wow, is that the Great Wall It’s really wonderful! ——Yeah, it is ____ famous ____ lots of visitors from all over the world come to visit it every year. A. so; that B. such; that C. enough; that D. very; that （ ）9. They warned us ____ too much time playing computer games. A. don’t spend B. not spend C. not to spend D. no spending （ ）10.No matter what problem we meet, we should try to solve them, and even though we fail, teachers and parents ____us. A. are strict with B. was worried about C. are proud of D. made sure of 二、填空题：根据句意及汉语提示写出所缺单词 1. The book I want is right at the __________ (底部) of the shelf. 2. Can you __________(想象) what the future will be like 3. Eating junk food more often is __________(有害的) to our health. 4. You can __________(盖上) the baby with my coat. 5. ——Can you imagine our life without __________(电)？——It’s dark everywhere. 6. Please take exercise to __________(保持) healthy every day. 7. We are going to raise money for __________(医疗的) research. 8. We talked and laughed loudly. So they __________(警告) us not to talk loudly. 9. Be careful! There is some __________(破碎的)glass on the ground. 10. The waiter __________(清理)the table after the meal. 三、句型变化 1．Can you tell me what I can do in an earthquake （改为简单句） Can you tell me __________ __________ __________ in an earthquake 2．Will you please read it again more slowly （改为祈使句） __________ __________ again more slowly, please. 3．Stay away from bridges and trees. （改为同义句） __________ __________ __________ bridges and trees. 4．Most people don't have chance to go to the moon. （改为同义句） Most people __________ __________ __________ to go to the moon. 5．Don't break the law, or we will be punished. （改为同义句） We will be punished __________ we __________ the law. 6．Eating junk food is harmful to our health. (改为同义句) Eating junk food _____ _____ _____ our health. 7．You must be careful with your handwriting. (改为祈使句) _____ _____ with your handwriting. 8．Speak and read English loudly. (改为否定句) _____ _____ or read English loudly. 9．The girl singing and dancing in the next room must be Lily. (改为否定句) The girl singing and dancing in the next room _____ _____ Lily. 10．be, when, in, keep, you’re, calm, important, trouble, very (连词成句) ____________________________________________________________ Key words： 名词：glass玻璃 stairs楼梯 aid救助；帮助 bottom底部；下端 trouble问题；烦恼；困难 training训练；培训 earthquake地震 window窗；窗户 power电；电力 动词：imagine想象；设想 drop使落下；投下 cover盖；盖上 warn警告；告诫 keep保持；留在 形容词：broken破碎的 medical医学的；医疗的 harmful有害的 calm镇静的；沉着的 brave勇敢的；无畏的 helpful有用的；提供帮助的 介词：under 在……正下方；在………下面 兼类词：wrong adj.有毛病的；错误的 adv.不正确地；错误地 lift v.举起；抬起；提起 n.电梯 inside n.内部；里面 adv.在里面；向室内 prep.在……里面 adj.里面的；内部的 clear adj.不和……接触的；不挨……太近的 v.清除；清理；移走 Key phrases： 1.first aid 急救 2.basic medical help 基本医疗救助 3.at the bottom of… 在………的底部 4.make a sound 出声 5.be in pain 在痛苦中 6.first of all 首先 7.have trouble doing sth. 做某事有困难 8.speak to sb. 跟某人说话 9.shout for help 呼救 10.lift up 抬起；提起 11.make sure 确保；确认 12.cover…with… 用…把…盖住 13.such…that… 如此…以至于… 14.even worse 更糟糕的是 15.wait for 等待 16.warn sb. about sth. 提醒/警告某人注意某事 17.jump out of 跳出…… 18.stay away from 远离 19.keep clear of…… 不和……接触 20、keep calm 保持镇静 21.move away from 从……离开 22.street lights路灯 23.power lines 电线 24.be careful of 当心 25.falling rocks 落石 26.on a beach 在海滩上 27.in short 总之 28.run out of 跑出…… 29.focus on 集中注意力于……… 30.keep out 不进入；留在外面 31.fall down 落下 32.because of 因为 33.clear……off…… 把……清除出…… 34.go funny 变得奇怪 35.be proud of 为……感到自豪 36.in the earthquake 在地震中 37.first of all 首先
Key sentences： 1、表示征求意见或建议的句型：（1）What can we do to help him （2）How do we do that 2、询问某人/某物出了什么问题的句型：First of all, find out what’s wrong with him. 3、表示推测的句型：（1）But he could have trouble hearing you or speaking to you. （2）Betty, you must know ! 4、表示建议、请求、劝告等语气的句型： （1）Ask him. （2）Make sure he’s warm. （3）Be brave and be helpful. 一、单选题 （ ）1．Don't run in the hallways and________ arrive late for class. A．not to B．won't C．don't D．no （ ）2．Tom has trouble ________ Chinese and I often help him ________ it. A．in understand; / B．to understand; with C．understanding; about D．understanding; with （ ）3．When someone is hit by a car, we can't ________. Instead, we should call 120 for help. A．cheer him up B．cheer up him C．lift him up D．lift up him （ ）4．It was ________ a fine day ________ we had a good time in the countryside. A．so; that B．such; that C．too; to D．enough; to （ ）5．——Is that girl under the tree Mary ——No, it ________ be Mary. She is in Beijing now. A．can’t B．needn’t C．wouldn’t D．shouldn’t （ ）6．The 18thJiangsu Provincial Games will ______ in September. Many students want to be volunteers. A．take place B．take part C．take action D．take care （ ）7．——Could I speak to Betty, please ——______.She's coming in a minute. A．Get a move on B．Come on C．Hang on, please D．Wait and see （ ）8．The girl ______ at her brother because he broke her favourite glass. A．shouted B．smiled C．laughed D．looked （ ）9．The two boys ______ Canadians. A．are both B．both are C．are all D．all are （ ）10．It was very hot yesterday. The government warned people ________ the fire. A．with B．for C．about D．on （ ）11．A little wine will not be ________ to your health. A．helpful B．helpless C．harmful D．harmless （ ）12．It's hot inside. Why not keep the door __________ A．opened B．opening C．to open D．open （ ）13．It is very __________ for students to read good books. A．careful B．helpful C．easily D．hardly （ ）14．The students stopped __________ when the teacher came in. A．talk B．to talk C．talking D．talked （ ）15．——Who __________ the girl from the fire ——A kind-hearted young man. But he lost his life. A．helped B．saved C．brought D．carried （ ）16．——Let’s go ____ the road now. ——Wait a moment please. The light is red now. A．across B．through C．under D．With （ ）17．——Let’s go dancing tonight. ——Sorry, I ______. I have to go to a meeting. A．mustn’t B．may not C．needn’t D．can’t （ ）18．——What did the man say to you just now ——He warned me ______________ in the river. A．not swim B．to not swim C．not to swim D．to swim （ ）19．It's ______________ interesting book that we all like it. A．such an B．so an C．such a D．so a （ ）20．If our government pay attention to the safety of food, our health in danger. A．isn’t; is B．doesn’t; will be C．won’t; is D．isn’t; will be （ ）21．Study hard, and you'll have a chance __________! A．to win B．wins C．winning D．won （ ）22．——I have great __________ in learning English and I'm so worried. Could you help me ——Sure, I'd love to. A．interest B．trouble C．advice D．fun （ ）23．Let's ask the teacher for help. She __________ the answer. A．must know B．mustn't know C． could knowing D． can't know （ ）24．——Can you __________ the big stone ——No,I can't. It's too heavy. A．put up B．set up C．lift up D．give up （ ）25．I saw a wallet __________ on the ground. A．lies B．lying C．lied D．ling （ ）26．——Linda,you hurt your leg yesterday. Are you still in __________ pain now ——Much better. A．a B．an C．the D．/ （ ）27．The boss made him __________ a lot of work every day in the old days. A．to do B．do C．did D．doing （ ）28．Qingdao is __________ beautiful seaside city that so many people come to visit it every year. A．so B．such C．so a D．such a （ ）29．——I feel tired and sleepy. ——Why not stop __________ A．to relax B．relaxing C．to work D．to working （ ）30．An __________ happened last night. Many houses fell down and many people died in it. A．earthquake B．activity C．accident D．electricity 二、填空题：用括号里所给词的适当形式填空 1. The cup is __________(break). Who broke it 2. If you have any trouble __________(use) the website, just click on this icon for help. 3. Tom isn’t at home. He could __________(be) in the playground. 4. I think this book is __________(help) to your English study. You’d better buy it. 5. The doctor advised my uncle to stop __________(work) immediately and have a rest. 6. It’s impossible __________(learn)English well in a short time. 7. Please be careful of __________(fall) stones during an earthquake. 8. __________(not smoke) here, Rick. Smoking is not allowed in public places. 9. The workers in this firm enjoy free __________(medicine) help. 10. I always imagine __________(meet) my old friends in street. 11. Smoking is __________(harm) to health. 12. Our headmaster warned us __________(not fly) kites near power lines in spring. 13. Be __________(care) of the dog. It sometimes bites people. 14. There is a letter __________(lie) on the floor. 15. We should help people in __________(trouble). 三、翻译题 1. 我们必须学会健康和基本急救的有关知识。 We need to learn about good health and basic __________ __________. 2. 把那个箱子放下楼梯底部。 Put the box __________ __________ __________ __________ the stairs. 3. 王先生把他的小女儿举起来并把她放在了他的肩膀上。 Mr. Wang __________ __________ his little daughter an put her on his shoulders. 4. 保持冷静，你就能想出办法。 Keep __________ __________fire because it is dangerous. 5. 不要和火接触，因为他很危险。 Keep __________ __________ fire because it is dangerous. 6. 她为儿子的成功感到自豪。 She __________ __________ __________ her son’s success. 7. 他警告我不要使用他的电脑。 He warned me _________ __________ ___________his computer. 8. 这个问题如此艰难，以至于没有人能回答出来。 This is __________ __________ difficult question __________nobody can answer it. 9. 他在学习中文方面有困难，所以很着急。 He has __________ __________ Chinese and he is so worried. 10. 在交作业前，请确保没有错误。 __________ __________ there are no mistakes in your homework before you hand it in.
辅导讲义
学员姓名： 年 级：初 二 课 时 数：
授课主题 外研版英语八年级上册module12 Help祈使句和情态动词must、can、could表猜测
教学目标 知识目标：掌握module12重点单词31个、重点短语11个及其拓展的知识点。 能力目标：提高学生用英语表达请求帮助、呼救的能力，通过课文了解不同的自救方式。 情感目标：培养学生的自我保护意识、安全意识。
教学重难点 重点：灵活运用module12的重点单词、短语、句型 难点：通过课文内容记忆单词和短语，辨析易混淆单词、短语的用法
授课日期及时段 2023年 月 日
教学内容 模块12的基础知识点梳理 Key vocabulary： 1.broken adj. 破碎的 2.glass n.玻璃 3.stairs n. 楼梯；梯级（stair的复数） 4.aid n. 援助；帮助 5.first aid 急救 6.medical adj. 医学的；医疗的 7.imagine vi. 想像；设想 8.bottom n. 底部；下端 9.at the bottom of … 在…..的底部 10.wrong adj. 错误的；有毛病的。adv. 错误地；不正确地 11.What`s wrong with… ….怎么了？ 12.trouble n. 麻烦；烦恼；困难 13.lift . 举起；提起；抬起。n. 电梯 14.lift up 抬起；提起 15.harmful adj. 有害的 16.drop vt. 投下；使落下 17.training n. 训练；培训 18.make sure 确保；确认 19.cover v. 盖；盖上 20.earthquake n. 地震 21.warn vt. 警告，告诫 22.inside n. 里面；内部；adv. 在里面；prep. 在….里面 adj. 里面的；内部的 23.under prep. 在….正下方；在….下面 24.window n. 窗；窗户 25.keep vt.（kept [kept]） 保持；留在 26.clear adj. 不和….接触的；不挨….太近的；v. 清除；清理；移走 27.keep clear of … 不和….接触 28.calm adj. 镇静的，沉着的 29.brave adj. 勇敢的；无畏的 30.helpful adj. 提供帮助的；有用的 31.power n. 电力 重点词句同步讲解 1.【课文原句】Let’s imagine an accident. 【用法】imagine及物动词，想象，设想；其后常接名词、代词或从句作宾语。 imagine doing sth想象做某事 ——We can imagine life without water. ——I imagine playing with my friends. ——He imagines that people don’t like him. 【对点练习1】Let's imagine_______ like birds. A. fly B. flying C. to fly D. to flying 【答案】B 2.【课文原句】A boy is lying at the bottom of the stairs. 【用法】bottom可数名词，意为“底部，下端”。 ——at the bottom of在……的底部。 ——Tom is standing at the bottom of the stairs. ——There is a lot of sand at the bottom of the river. 【对点练习2】A boy is lying the stairs. 一个男孩正躺在楼梯底下。 【答案】at the bottom of 3.【课文原句】But he could have trouble hearing you or speaking to you. 【用法】trouble不可数名词，意为“问题，困难”。have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难。 ——I have trouble finding work. 【拓展】 have trouble with sb./ sth.某人或某物有问题I had trouble with my roommate.get into trouble惹上麻烦The boy often gets into trouble.be in trouble处于困境中When he is in trouble, he always turns to friends for help.take the trouble to do sth.做某事很费力Thank you for taking the trouble to help me with my English.
【对点练习3】（1）I have some trouble_________ the letter. His handwriting is very bad. read B. to read C. reading D. reads （2）他听你说话或跟你对话有困难。 He_______ _________ ________ ________you or_________ to you. 【答案】C、has trouble listening to; talking 4.【课文原句】Lift him up and sit him on a chair 【用法】lift作及物动词，意为“举起，抬起，提起”。lift up意为“抬起，提起” ——The box is too heavy for me to lift. ——She lifted it up. 【拓展】lift还可用作名词，意为“电梯”。 ——She is too short to reach the buttons of the lift. 【对点练习4】We'll have to____________ the car to get her out. 我们得把车子抬起，才能救她出来。【答案】lift up 5.【课文原句】No, that could be harmful! 【用法】harmful形容词，意为“有害的”be harmful to sb./ sth.意为“对某人/某物有害的”。 ——Do you know it’s harmful ——Smoking is harmful to your health. 【拓展】do harm to sb./ sth.意为“对某人/某物有害”，harm为不可数名词。 ——It does harm to our environment. 【对点练习5】Noise is a kind of pollution and it ______________our ears. 噪音是一种污染，对我们的耳朵有害。 【答案】is harmful to 6.【课文原句】Make sure he’s warm. 【用法】make sure意为“确保，保证”，后面多跟that引导的宾语从句。 ——Make sure (that) he takes the medicine three times a day. ——Make sure that they come early. 【拓展】be sure意为“确信”，表示“有把握，有信心”，可以与动词不定式、of短语或that从句连用。 ——He is sure to win the game. ——I’m not so sure of myself. ——Are you sure that you will win 【对点练习6】Li Ming is so careful that he always looks over his exercises to _______there are no mistakes. A. make sure B. find out C. think of D. look for 【答案】A 7.【课文原句】Cover him with a coat. 【用法】cover此处用作及物动词，意为“盖，盖上”， cover… with… 用……盖上…… ——She covered her face with hands. ——Cover the table with a cloth. 【拓展1】be covered with意为“被……覆盖”。 ——The ground was covered with snow. 【拓展2】cover还可以用作可数名词，意为“封面，书皮”。 ——I bought a new book. Its cover is green. 【对点练习7】 He covered her mouth________his hand. 【答案】with 8.【课文原句】That’s such good advice that you could be a doctor, Betty! 【用法】such…that…如此…以至于 【辨析】such…that…与so…that… such…that 引导结果状语从句，其中such修饰名词。such + a / an + adj. + 单数可数名词 + that从句such + adj. + 不可数名词 / 复数可数名词 + that从句so…that 引导结果状语从句，其中so修饰形容词或副词。so + adj. / adv. + that从句so + adj.+ a /an + 单数可数名词 + that从句so + many / few / much / little + 名词 + that从句
——There are such beautiful paintings that I don’t know which to choose. ——He is such a clever boy that we all like him. ——He ran so quickly that no one could catch him. ——He’s so young that he can’t go to school. 【对点练习8】（1）I have never heard such_______before. A. a beautiful song B. beautiful song C. beautiful a song D. beautiful the song （2）It is Sunday today. It is_______lovely weather_______we want to spend the day on the beach. A. such a; that B. such; that C. such a; as D. so; that 【答案】AB 9.【课文原句】…so it is difficult to warn people about them. 【用法】warn sb. about… 提醒/警告某人注意……warn此处用作及物动词，意为“警告，告诫”。 ——Her parents often warn her about her schoolwork. ——He warned me about the thief. 【拓展1】warn sb. of sth. 意为“警告某人某事”。 ——They warned him of the danger. 【拓展2】warn sb. (not) to do sth. 意为“警告某人（不要）做某事”。warn sb. against doing sth. 与warn sb. not to do sth.同义。 ——Our teacher warned us not to play football on the street. = Our teacher warned us against playing football on the street. 【对点练习9】（1）Father often______ me not to play ball games in the street. 爸爸经常警告我不要在街上踢足球。 （2）My mother warned_________on the edge of the rock. I not sit B. me not sitting C. me not to sit D. us not sit 【答案】warns、C 10.【课文原句】Tilly’s teacher was very proud of her. 【用法】be proud of 意为“为……而自豪；以……为骄傲”。proud形容词，意为“骄傲的；自豪的”。 ——We are proud of our country. 【拓展】同义词组为take pride in。 ——He was proud of having such a great mother. = He took pride in having such a great mother. 【对点练习10】My mother ____________________my success. 我妈妈为我的成功而感到骄傲。 【答案】is proud of
11.【课文原句】broken破碎的 【用法】broken作形容词，意为“破碎的;破损的;伤残的;坏的”。 broken是动词break的过去分词转化而来的形容词。 —— Look at the broken window.看那扇破碎的窗户。 ——My bike is broken, so I have to walk to school.我的自行车坏了，因此我不得不走着去上学。 12.【课文原句】glass玻璃 【用法】glass表示”玻璃”时作不可数名词，表达数量用...piece(s) of glass. —— I cut myself on a piece of broken glass.我被一块碎玻璃划仿了. 【拓展】① glass表示“玻璃杯”时作可数名词，复数形式为 glasses。 ——I bought two glasses yesterday.昨天我买了两个玻璃杯。 ② glasses意为“眼镜”，只用复数。 ——Miss Liu always wears a pair of glasses.刘老师总是戴着一副眼镜。 13.【课文原句】This morning's class is about first aid, or giving someone basic medical help.今天上午的课是关于急救的，或者给某人基本的医疗救助。 【用法1】aid作名词，意为“救助;帮助”。 first aid意为“急救”。 ——They joined in the aid programme.他们加入了接助活动。 ——Mr Ma taught us how to give first aid.马老师教我们如何进行急救。 【用法2】medical作形容词，意为“医学的;医疗的”，通常位于名词之前作定语。 ——They sent several medical teams to the villages.他们向村子里派出了几支医疗队。 ——Their daughter is studying in a medical school.他们的女儿在一所医科学校学习。 14.【课文原句】Let’s imagine an accident.让我们设想一起事故。 【用法】Imagine作动词，意为“想象，设想”，后接名词、代词、动词ing形式或宾语从句作宾语，但不可接动词不定式。 ——Can you imagine life without water 你能想象没有水的生活吗 ——I imagine playing with my friends.我想象着和朋友们玩要的样子。 ——Close your eyes and imagine that you are on a lonely island.闭上眼睛，设想自己在一个偏僻的岛上。 【拓展】I/ We imagine后若接表示否定含义的宾语从句，否定部分转移到主句。 ——I don’t imagine that they will refuse.我认为他们不会拒绝。 15.【课文原句】First of all， find out what＇s wrong with him.首先，弄清楚他怎么了。 【用法】“ What’s wrong with.... ”意为“……怎么了 ”，用来询问某人/某物出了什么问题，也可以直接用“What’ s wrong ”来询问有什么问题或不顺心的事。 ——What s wrong with my computer 我的电脑出了什么问题 ——You look pale.What’s wrong 你看起来脸色苍白，怎么了 【拓展】询问某人/某物出了什么问题的句型还有: ①what's the matter with... ——What’s the matter with your arm 你的胳膊怎么了 ②What's the trouble with... ——What's the trouble with your plan 你们的计划出了什么问题 16.【课文原句】But he could have trouble hearing you or speaking to you，但是他有可能无法听到你或者和你说话。 【用法】trouble( a problem，worry，difficulty，etc.)此处用作名词，意为“问题;麻烦;困难”。 have trouble(in) doing sth. 意为“做某事有困难”; have trouble with...意为“在………方面有困难”。 trouble还可用some、much、little、no等修饰。 ——Do you have any trouble (in) learning English 你学英语有困难吗 ——We had no trouble (in) finding the bank.我们毫不费力就找到了那家银行。 ——They had trouble with their car.他们的小汽车出了问题。 【拓展】trouble作动词，意为“麻烦;使烦恼”。 —— I’ m sorry to trouble you.很抱歉麻烦你。 17.【课文原句】Lift him up and sit him on a chair 把他扶起来让他坐在椅子上 【用法】lift( raise)此处作动词，意为“举起;抬起;提起”。 lift up意为“抬起;提起”。 lift up是“动词十副词”型短语动词，代词作宾语时必须放在lift和up中间。 ——She lifted her arms above her head.她把手臂举过了头顶。 ——The box is heavy. Please help me lift it up.这个箱子很重，请帮我把它抬起来 【拓展】lift作名词，意为“电梯”。 ——His flat is on the fifteenth floor. Let's take the lift.他的公寓在第15层，咱们乘电梯吧。 18.【课文原句】No,that could be harmful!不，那可能会造成伤害! 【用法】harmful( causing damage or injury to sb./sth.)作形容词，意为“有害的”，尤指对环境或健康有害。 be harmful to/for意为“对....有害”，相当于 be bad for。 ——Smoking is harmful to your health.吸烟对你的健康有害。 【拓展】do harm to意为“对…有伤害”。其中harm为不可数名词，意为“伤害;损害”。 ——That will do a lot of harm to our environment.那将对我们的环境造成很大伤害。 19.【课文原句】 You could drop him and hurt him even more.你可能会摔着他使他伤得更严重。 【用法】drop(to fall or make st.fall)作动词，意为“使落下，投下”。drop的过去式是 dropped,现在分词为dropping。 ——He came into the room and dropped into a chair.他来到屋子里，一下子坐在了椅子上。 【拓展】drop与fall 相同点 fall和drop都可作不及物动词，表示物体“落下，降落，摔下”fall和drop都可指温度、价格等“下降”不同点 drop还可作及物动词，fall则不可fall侧重表示无意识的行为;drop可表示有意识的行为
——The man dropped/fell from the top of the building.那人从楼顶上摔了下来。 ——The temperature suddenly fell/dropped，温度突然下降了。 ——He fell off his bike and hurt his leg.他从自行车上摔了下来，伤了腿。 ——The boy dropped his shoes on the floor.那个男孩把鞋扔在地上。 20.【课文原句】Make sure he’s warm.确保他不受凉。 【用法】make sure意为“确保;确认”，后可接that从句或of短语，其中，that可以省略。 ——Make sure (that )no one finds out about this.确保没有人发觉这件事。 ——They scored another goal and made sure of victory.他们又进了一球，锁定了胜局。 【拓展】be sure意为“确信;对……有把握”，后可接动词不定式、of短语或that从句。 ——He is sure to succeed.他一定会成功。 21.【课文原句】Cover him with a coat.把外套盖在他身上。 【用法】cover此处用作及物动词，意为“盖;盖上”，常与介词with搭配。 cover...with...，意为“用……把……盖住”(表示动作); be covered with...意为“被……覆盖”(表示状态)。 ——Please cover the table with a white cloth.请在桌子上铺一块白布。 ——The mountains are covered with trees.群山被树木覆盖。 【拓展】cover还可用作名词，意为“盖子;封面”等。 ——Please put a cover over the bowl.请用一个盖子把碗盖住。 ——The book needs a new cover.这本书需要一个新封面。 22.【课文原句】Earthquakes always happen suddenly,so it is difficult to warn people about them.地震总是发生得很突然，所以很难给人们警告。 【用法】Warn作动词，意为“警告；告诫”。其常见搭配有 ①warn sb. about /of sth 警告/提醒某人注意 ②warn sb. against sb./sth.提醒某人注意…;使某人警惕 ③warn sb.(not) to do sth.提醒/警告某人(不要)做某事 ——I tried to warn him. but he wouldn’t listen.我设法提醒过他，可他就是不听。 ——His father warned him about the weather when he went out.他出去的时候，他父亲提醒他注意天气 ——Her mother warned him of the danger.他母亲警告他有危险。 ——The man warned us against pickpockets at the station.那个男人提醒我们在车站提防小偷 ——The guidebook warns the visitors not to walk alone at night.这本旅游指南告诚游客不要在夜间单独行走。 23.【课文原句】inside在室内 【用法】inside有多种词性，其常见用法如下: 名词---里面;内部--That is just like the inside of the office. 副词---在里面;在室内--He looked inside，but he could see nothing.! 形容词---里面的;内部的--I was driving on the inside lane. 介词---在…里面--She walked inside the room. 24.【课文原句】Keep clear of fires.避开火。 【用法1】keep作动词，意为“保持;留在”，过去式是kept，其用法有: ①keep后可接形容词作表语。 ——Please keep quiet.请保持安静。 ②keep后可跟形容词、现在分词、过去分词、介词短语等作宾语补足语。 ——Close the door to keep the room warn.关上门以保持室内温暖。 ——I’m sorry to keep you waiting so long.对不起，让你久等了。 ——Please keep your hands behind your back all thee time请把你的双手一直放在背后。 【用法2】clear此处用作形容词，意为“不和……接触的;不挨……太近的”。keep clear of意为“不和…接触”。 ——Keep clear of cars and buses when you re on the road.在路上不要离小汽车和公共汽车太近。 【拓展】① clear作形容词，还可意为“清晰的;明亮的;明朗的”。 ——The water in the lake is very clear.湖里的水很清澈。 ② clear作动词，意为“清除;清理;移走”。 ——I always clear my desk before I go home.我回家前总要把课桌清理干净。 25.【课文原句】Keep calm,especially when you are with other people.保持镇静，尤其是身边还有其他人的时候。 【用法】calm作形容词，意为“镇静的;沉着的”。常见搭配:keep/ stay calm“保持冷静”。 ——Her voice was surprisingly calm.她的声音出人意料地平静。 ——Try to keep calm and just tell me what happened.镇静点，告诉我出了什么事。 【拓展】calm还可以作动词，意为“使平静;使镇静”。 calm down“冷静下来;平静下来”。 ——She was breathing quickly and tried to calm herself.她呼吸急促，尽カ让自己平静下来。 ——Calm down for a minute and listen to me.安静一会儿，听我说。 26.【课文原句】 It is dangerous. You must keep out!危险。你必须待在外面! 【用法】keep out意为“不进入;留在外面”。 ——The sign says“ Keep out”.牌子上写着“不得入内”。 【拓展】keep(sb/sth.)out of...意为“使不受……影响;使不进入…” ——Keep the baby out of thee sun.别让孩子晒着。 ——Keep the dog out of your bedroom.别让狗进入你的卧室。 27.【课文原句】Tilly＇s teacher was very proud of her.蒂莉的老师很为她感到自豪。 【用法】be/ feel proud of sb./sth.意为“为某人/某事感到自豪”。 ——I was proud of myself for not giving up.我为自己没有放弃而感到自豪。 ——He felt proud of his new car.他为他的新车感到自豪。 【拓展】be/ feel proud后也可接动词不定式或that从句。 ——I feel very proud to be a member of the team.能成为队里的一员我感到十分荣幸。 ——She was proud that her son won the game.她很自豪她的儿子赢了比赛。 一、单选选择 （ ）1. ——I have great ____ in learning English and I’m so worried. Could you help me ——Sure, I’d love to. A. trouble B. differences C. advice D. choices （ ）2.——Do you have any trouble____ English ——Yes, but I try to make myself ____. A. to speak; understood B. to speak; to understand C. speaking; understand D. speaking; understood （ ）3. The boxes aren’t too heavy. You can ____. A. lift up it B. lift it up C. lift up them D. lift them up （ ）4.Too many cars are ____ to the environment, so we’d better take the bus more. A. useful B. harmful C. helpful D. meaningful （ ）5. There aren’t many tickets left for the concert. You’d better ____that you get one today. A. make sure of B. make a decision C. make sure D. make plans （ ）6. The streets were covered ____ snow. A. for B. with C. to D. in （ ）7.Alice’s Adventure in Wonderland is ____ a good book ____everyone likes it. A. so; that B. too; to C. enough; to D. such; that （ ）8.——Wow, is that the Great Wall It’s really wonderful! ——Yeah, it is ____ famous ____ lots of visitors from all over the world come to visit it every year. A. so; that B. such; that C. enough; that D. very; that （ ）9. They warned us ____ too much time playing computer games. A. don’t spend B. not spend C. not to spend D. no spending （ ）10.No matter what problem we meet, we should try to solve them, and even though we fail, teachers and parents ____us. A. are strict with B. was worried about C. are proud of D. made sure of 【答案】ADDBC BDACC 二、填空题：根据句意及汉语提示写出所缺单词 1. The book I want is right at the __________ (底部) of the shelf. 2. Can you __________(想象) what the future will be like 3. Eating junk food more often is __________(有害的) to our health. 4. You can __________(盖上) the baby with my coat. 5. ——Can you imagine our life without __________(电)？——It’s dark everywhere. 6. Please take exercise to __________(保持) healthy every day. 7. We are going to raise money for __________(医疗的) research. 8. We talked and laughed loudly. So they __________(警告) us not to talk loudly. 9. Be careful! There is some __________(破碎的)glass on the ground. 10. The waiter __________(清理)the table after the meal. 【答案】bottom；imagine；harmful；cover；power；keep；medical；fell；warned；broken; cleared 三、句型变化 1．Can you tell me what I can do in an earthquake （改为简单句） Can you tell me __________ __________ __________ in an earthquake 2．Will you please read it again more slowly （改为祈使句） __________ __________ again more slowly, please. 3．Stay away from bridges and trees. （改为同义句） __________ __________ __________ bridges and trees. 4．Most people don't have chance to go to the moon. （改为同义句） Most people __________ __________ __________ to go to the moon. 5．Don't break the law, or we will be punished. （改为同义句） We will be punished __________ we __________ the law. 6．Eating junk food is harmful to our health. (改为同义句) Eating junk food _____ _____ _____ our health. 7．You must be careful with your handwriting. (改为祈使句) _____ _____ with your handwriting. 8．Speak and read English loudly. (改为否定句) _____ _____ or read English loudly. 9．The girl singing and dancing in the next room must be Lily. (改为否定句) The girl singing and dancing in the next room _____ _____ Lily. 10．be, when, in, keep, you’re, calm, important, trouble, very (连词成句) ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】1.what to do 2.Read it 3.Keep clear of 4.have no chance 5.if break 6.is bad for 7.Be careful 8.Don’t speak 9.can’t/couldn’t be 10.Keeping calm is very important when you’re in trouble Key words： 名词：glass玻璃 stairs楼梯 aid救助；帮助 bottom底部；下端 trouble问题；烦恼；困难 training训练；培训 earthquake地震 window窗；窗户 power电；电力 动词：imagine想象；设想 drop使落下；投下 cover盖；盖上 warn警告；告诫 keep保持；留在 形容词：broken破碎的 medical医学的；医疗的 harmful有害的 calm镇静的；沉着的 brave勇敢的；无畏的 helpful有用的；提供帮助的 介词：under 在……正下方；在………下面 兼类词：wrong adj.有毛病的；错误的 adv.不正确地；错误地 lift v.举起；抬起；提起 n.电梯 inside n.内部；里面 adv.在里面；向室内 prep.在……里面 adj.里面的；内部的 clear adj.不和……接触的；不挨……太近的 v.清除；清理；移走 Key phrases： 1.first aid 急救 2.basic medical help 基本医疗救助 3.at the bottom of… 在………的底部 4.make a sound 出声 5.be in pain 在痛苦中 6.first of all 首先 7.have trouble doing sth. 做某事有困难 8.speak to sb. 跟某人说话 9.shout for help 呼救 10.lift up 抬起；提起 11.make sure 确保；确认 12.cover…with… 用…把…盖住 13.such…that… 如此…以至于… 14.even worse 更糟糕的是 15.wait for 等待 16.warn sb. about sth. 提醒/警告某人注意某事 17.jump out of 跳出…… 18.stay away from 远离 19.keep clear of…… 不和……接触 20、keep calm 保持镇静 21.move away from 从……离开 22.street lights路灯 23.power lines 电线 24.be careful of 当心 25.falling rocks 落石 26.on a beach 在海滩上 27.in short 总之 28.run out of 跑出…… 29.focus on 集中注意力于……… 30.keep out 不进入；留在外面 31.fall down 落下 32.because of 因为 33.clear……off…… 把……清除出…… 34.go funny 变得奇怪 35.be proud of 为……感到自豪 36.in the earthquake 在地震中 37.first of all 首先
Key sentences： 1、表示征求意见或建议的句型：（1）What can we do to help him （2）How do we do that 2、询问某人/某物出了什么问题的句型：First of all, find out what’s wrong with him. 3、表示推测的句型：（1）But he could have trouble hearing you or speaking to you. （2）Betty, you must know ! 4、表示建议、请求、劝告等语气的句型： （1）Ask him. （2）Make sure he’s warm. （3）Be brave and be helpful. 一、单选题 （ ）1．Don't run in the hallways and________ arrive late for class. A．not to B．won't C．don't D．no （ ）2．Tom has trouble ________ Chinese and I often help him ________ it. A．in understand; / B．to understand; with C．understanding; about D．understanding; with （ ）3．When someone is hit by a car, we can't ________. Instead, we should call 120 for help. A．cheer him up B．cheer up him C．lift him up D．lift up him （ ）4．It was ________ a fine day ________ we had a good time in the countryside. A．so; that B．such; that C．too; to D．enough; to （ ）5．——Is that girl under the tree Mary ——No, it ________ be Mary. She is in Beijing now. A．can’t B．needn’t C．wouldn’t D．shouldn’t （ ）6．The 18thJiangsu Provincial Games will ______ in September. Many students want to be volunteers. A．take place B．take part C．take action D．take care （ ）7．——Could I speak to Betty, please ——______.She's coming in a minute. A．Get a move on B．Come on C．Hang on, please D．Wait and see （ ）8．The girl ______ at her brother because he broke her favourite glass. A．shouted B．smiled C．laughed D．looked （ ）9．The two boys ______ Canadians. A．are both B．both are C．are all D．all are （ ）10．It was very hot yesterday. The government warned people ________ the fire. A．with B．for C．about D．on （ ）11．A little wine will not be ________ to your health. A．helpful B．helpless C．harmful D．harmless （ ）12．It's hot inside. Why not keep the door __________ A．opened B．opening C．to open D．open （ ）13．It is very __________ for students to read good books. A．careful B．helpful C．easily D．hardly （ ）14．The students stopped __________ when the teacher came in. A．talk B．to talk C．talking D．talked （ ）15．——Who __________ the girl from the fire ——A kind-hearted young man. But he lost his life. A．helped B．saved C．brought D．carried （ ）16．——Let’s go ____ the road now. ——Wait a moment please. The light is red now. A．across B．through C．under D．With （ ）17．——Let’s go dancing tonight. ——Sorry, I ______. I have to go to a meeting. A．mustn’t B．may not C．needn’t D．can’t （ ）18．——What did the man say to you just now ——He warned me ______________ in the river. A．not swim B．to not swim C．not to swim D．to swim （ ）19．It's ______________ interesting book that we all like it. A．such an B．so an C．such a D．so a （ ）20．If our government pay attention to the safety of food, our health in danger. A．isn’t; is B．doesn’t; will be C．won’t; is D．isn’t; will be （ ）21．Study hard, and you'll have a chance __________! A．to win B．wins C．winning D．won （ ）22．——I have great __________ in learning English and I'm so worried. Could you help me ——Sure, I'd love to. A．interest B．trouble C．advice D．fun （ ）23．Let's ask the teacher for help. She __________ the answer. A．must know B．mustn't know C． could knowing D． can't know （ ）24．——Can you __________ the big stone ——No,I can't. It's too heavy. A．put up B．set up C．lift up D．give up （ ）25．I saw a wallet __________ on the ground. A．lies B．lying C．lied D．ling （ ）26．——Linda,you hurt your leg yesterday. Are you still in __________ pain now ——Much better. A．a B．an C．the D．/ （ ）27．The boss made him __________ a lot of work every day in the old days. A．to do B．do C．did D．doing （ ）28．Qingdao is __________ beautiful seaside city that so many people come to visit it every year. A．so B．such C．so a D．such a （ ）29．——I feel tired and sleepy. ——Why not stop __________ A．to relax B．relaxing C．to work D．to working （ ）30．An __________ happened last night. Many houses fell down and many people died in it. A．earthquake B．activity C．accident D．electricity 【答案】1-5CDCBA 6-10ACAAC 11-15CDBCB 16-20ADCAB 21-25ABACB 26-30DBDAA 二、填空题：用括号里所给词的适当形式填空 1. The cup is __________(break). Who broke it 2. If you have any trouble __________(use) the website, just click on this icon for help. 3. Tom isn’t at home. He could __________(be) in the playground. 4. I think this book is __________(help) to your English study. You’d better buy it. 5. The doctor advised my uncle to stop __________(work) immediately and have a rest. 6. It’s impossible __________(learn)English well in a short time. 7. Please be careful of __________(fall) stones during an earthquake. 8. __________(not smoke) here, Rick. Smoking is not allowed in public places. 9. The workers in this firm enjoy free __________(medicine) help. 10. I always imagine __________(meet) my old friends in street. 11. Smoking is __________(harm) to health. 12. Our headmaster warned us __________(not fly) kites near power lines in spring. 13. Be __________(care) of the dog. It sometimes bites people. 14. There is a letter __________(lie) on the floor. 15. We should help people in __________(trouble). 【答案】broken；using；be；helpful；working；to learn；falling；Don’t smoke；medical; meeting; harmful; not to fly; careful; lying; trouble; 三、翻译题 1. 我们必须学会健康和基本急救的有关知识。 We need to learn about good health and basic __________ __________. 2. 把那个箱子放下楼梯底部。 Put the box __________ __________ __________ __________ the stairs. 3. 王先生把他的小女儿举起来并把她放在了他的肩膀上。 Mr. Wang __________ __________ his little daughter an put her on his shoulders. 4. 保持冷静，你就能想出办法。 Keep __________ __________fire because it is dangerous. 5. 不要和火接触，因为他很危险。 Keep __________ __________ fire because it is dangerous. 6. 她为儿子的成功感到自豪。 She __________ __________ __________ her son’s success. 7. 他警告我不要使用他的电脑。 He warned me _________ __________ ___________his computer. 8. 这个问题如此艰难，以至于没有人能回答出来。 This is __________ __________ difficult question __________nobody can answer it. 9. 他在学习中文方面有困难，所以很着急。 He has __________ __________ Chinese and he is so worried. 10. 在交作业前，请确保没有错误。 __________ __________ there are no mistakes in your homework before you hand it in. 【答案】1-5first aid；at the bottom of；lifted up；Keep/Stay calm；clear of 6-10is proud of；not to use；such a、that；trouble learning；Make sure
学员姓名： 年 级：初 二 课 时 数：
授课主题 外研版英语八年级上册module12 Help祈使句和情态动词must、can、could表猜测
教学目标 知识目标：掌握module12重点单词31个、重点短语11个及其拓展的知识点。 能力目标：提高学生用英语表达请求帮助、呼救的能力，通过课文了解不同的自救方式。 情感目标：培养学生的自我保护意识、安全意识。
教学重难点 重点：灵活运用module12的重点单词、短语、句型 难点：通过课文内容记忆单词和短语，辨析易混淆单词、短语的用法
授课日期及时段 2023年 月 日
教学内容 模块12的基础知识点梳理 Key vocabulary： 1.broken adj. 破碎的 2.glass n.玻璃 3.stairs n. 楼梯；梯级（stair的复数） 4.aid n. 援助；帮助 5.first aid 急救 6.medical adj. 医学的；医疗的 7.imagine vi. 想像；设想 8.bottom n. 底部；下端 9.at the bottom of … 在…..的底部 10.wrong adj. 错误的；有毛病的。adv. 错误地；不正确地 11.What`s wrong with… ….怎么了？ 12.trouble n. 麻烦；烦恼；困难 13.lift . 举起；提起；抬起。n. 电梯 14.lift up 抬起；提起 15.harmful adj. 有害的 16.drop vt. 投下；使落下 17.training n. 训练；培训 18.make sure 确保；确认 19.cover v. 盖；盖上 20.earthquake n. 地震 21.warn vt. 警告，告诫 22.inside n. 里面；内部；adv. 在里面；prep. 在….里面 adj. 里面的；内部的 23.under prep. 在….正下方；在….下面 24.window n. 窗；窗户 25.keep vt.（kept [kept]） 保持；留在 26.clear adj. 不和….接触的；不挨….太近的；v. 清除；清理；移走 27.keep clear of … 不和….接触 28.calm adj. 镇静的，沉着的 29.brave adj. 勇敢的；无畏的 30.helpful adj. 提供帮助的；有用的 31.power n. 电力 重点词句同步讲解 1.【课文原句】Let’s imagine an accident. 【用法】imagine及物动词，想象，设想；其后常接名词、代词或从句作宾语。 imagine doing sth想象做某事 ——We can imagine life without water. ——I imagine playing with my friends. ——He imagines that people don’t like him. 【对点练习1】Let's imagine_______ like birds. A. fly B. flying C. to fly D. to flying 2.【课文原句】A boy is lying at the bottom of the stairs. 【用法】bottom可数名词，意为“底部，下端”。 ——at the bottom of在……的底部。 ——Tom is standing at the bottom of the stairs. ——There is a lot of sand at the bottom of the river. 【对点练习2】A boy is lying the stairs. 一个男孩正躺在楼梯底下。 3.【课文原句】But he could have trouble hearing you or speaking to you. 【用法】trouble不可数名词，意为“问题，困难”。have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难。 ——I have trouble finding work. 【拓展】 have trouble with sb./ sth.某人或某物有问题I had trouble with my roommate.get into trouble惹上麻烦The boy often gets into trouble.be in trouble处于困境中When he is in trouble, he always turns to friends for help.take the trouble to do sth.做某事很费力Thank you for taking the trouble to help me with my English.
【对点练习3】（1）I have some trouble_________ the letter. His handwriting is very bad. read B. to read C. reading D. reads （2）他听你说话或跟你对话有困难。 He_______ _________ ________ ________you or_________ to you. 4.【课文原句】Lift him up and sit him on a chair 【用法】lift作及物动词，意为“举起，抬起，提起”。lift up意为“抬起，提起” ——The box is too heavy for me to lift. ——She lifted it up. 【拓展】lift还可用作名词，意为“电梯”。 ——She is too short to reach the buttons of the lift. 【对点练习4】We'll have to____________ the car to get her out. 我们得把车子抬起，才能救她出来。 5.【课文原句】No, that could be harmful! 【用法】harmful形容词，意为“有害的”be harmful to sb./ sth.意为“对某人/某物有害的”。 ——Do you know it’s harmful ——Smoking is harmful to your health. 【拓展】do harm to sb./ sth.意为“对某人/某物有害”，harm为不可数名词。 ——It does harm to our environment. 【对点练习5】Noise is a kind of pollution and it ______________our ears. 噪音是一种污染，对我们的耳朵有害。 6.【课文原句】Make sure he’s warm. 【用法】make sure意为“确保，保证”，后面多跟that引导的宾语从句。 ——Make sure (that) he takes the medicine three times a day. ——Make sure that they come early. 【拓展】be sure意为“确信”，表示“有把握，有信心”，可以与动词不定式、of短语或that从句连用。 ——He is sure to win the game. ——I’m not so sure of myself. ——Are you sure that you will win 【对点练习6】Li Ming is so careful that he always looks over his exercises to _______there are no mistakes. A. make sure B. find out C. think of D. look for 7.【课文原句】Cover him with a coat. 【用法】cover此处用作及物动词，意为“盖，盖上”， cover… with… 用……盖上…… ——She covered her face with hands. ——Cover the table with a cloth. 【拓展1】be covered with意为“被……覆盖”。 ——The ground was covered with snow. 【拓展2】cover还可以用作可数名词，意为“封面，书皮”。 ——I bought a new book. Its cover is green. 【对点练习7】 He covered her mouth________his hand. 8.【课文原句】That’s such good advice that you could be a doctor, Betty! 【用法】such…that…如此…以至于 【辨析】such…that…与so…that… such…that 引导结果状语从句，其中such修饰名词。such + a / an + adj. + 单数可数名词 + that从句such + adj. + 不可数名词 / 复数可数名词 + that从句so…that 引导结果状语从句，其中so修饰形容词或副词。so + adj. / adv. + that从句so + adj.+ a /an + 单数可数名词 + that从句so + many / few / much / little + 名词 + that从句
——There are such beautiful paintings that I don’t know which to choose. ——He is such a clever boy that we all like him. ——He ran so quickly that no one could catch him. ——He’s so young that he can’t go to school. 【对点练习8】（1）I have never heard such_______before. A. a beautiful song B. beautiful song C. beautiful a song D. beautiful the song （2）It is Sunday today. It is_______lovely weather_______we want to spend the day on the beach. A. such a; that B. such; that C. such a; as D. so; that 9.【课文原句】…so it is difficult to warn people about them. 【用法】warn sb. about… 提醒/警告某人注意……warn此处用作及物动词，意为“警告，告诫”。 ——Her parents often warn her about her schoolwork. ——He warned me about the thief. 【拓展1】warn sb. of sth. 意为“警告某人某事”。 ——They warned him of the danger. 【拓展2】warn sb. (not) to do sth. 意为“警告某人（不要）做某事”。warn sb. against doing sth. 与warn sb. not to do sth.同义。 ——Our teacher warned us not to play football on the street. = Our teacher warned us against playing football on the street. 【对点练习9】（1）Father often______ me not to play ball games in the street. 爸爸经常警告我不要在街上踢足球。 （2）My mother warned_________on the edge of the rock. I not sit B. me not sitting C. me not to sit D. us not sit 10.【课文原句】Tilly’s teacher was very proud of her. 【用法】be proud of 意为“为……而自豪；以……为骄傲”。proud形容词，意为“骄傲的；自豪的”。 ——We are proud of our country. 【拓展】同义词组为take pride in。 ——He was proud of having such a great mother. = He took pride in having such a great mother. 【对点练习10】My mother ____________________my success. 我妈妈为我的成功而感到骄傲。
11.【课文原句】broken破碎的 【用法】broken作形容词，意为“破碎的;破损的;伤残的;坏的”。 broken是动词break的过去分词转化而来的形容词。 —— Look at the broken window.看那扇破碎的窗户。 ——My bike is broken, so I have to walk to school.我的自行车坏了，因此我不得不走着去上学。 12.【课文原句】glass玻璃 【用法】glass表示”玻璃”时作不可数名词，表达数量用...piece(s) of glass. —— I cut myself on a piece of broken glass.我被一块碎玻璃划仿了. 【拓展】① glass表示“玻璃杯”时作可数名词，复数形式为 glasses。 ——I bought two glasses yesterday.昨天我买了两个玻璃杯。 ② glasses意为“眼镜”，只用复数。 ——Miss Liu always wears a pair of glasses.刘老师总是戴着一副眼镜。 13.【课文原句】This morning's class is about first aid, or giving someone basic medical help.今天上午的课是关于急救的，或者给某人基本的医疗救助。 【用法1】aid作名词，意为“救助;帮助”。 first aid意为“急救”。 ——They joined in the aid programme.他们加入了接助活动。 ——Mr Ma taught us how to give first aid.马老师教我们如何进行急救。 【用法2】medical作形容词，意为“医学的;医疗的”，通常位于名词之前作定语。 ——They sent several medical teams to the villages.他们向村子里派出了几支医疗队。 ——Their daughter is studying in a medical school.他们的女儿在一所医科学校学习。 14.【课文原句】Let’s imagine an accident.让我们设想一起事故。 【用法】Imagine作动词，意为“想象，设想”，后接名词、代词、动词ing形式或宾语从句作宾语，但不可接动词不定式。 ——Can you imagine life without water 你能想象没有水的生活吗 ——I imagine playing with my friends.我想象着和朋友们玩要的样子。 ——Close your eyes and imagine that you are on a lonely island.闭上眼睛，设想自己在一个偏僻的岛上。 【拓展】I/ We imagine后若接表示否定含义的宾语从句，否定部分转移到主句。 ——I don’t imagine that they will refuse.我认为他们不会拒绝。 15.【课文原句】First of all， find out what＇s wrong with him.首先，弄清楚他怎么了。 【用法】“ What’s wrong with.... ”意为“……怎么了 ”，用来询问某人/某物出了什么问题，也可以直接用“What’ s wrong ”来询问有什么问题或不顺心的事。 ——What s wrong with my computer 我的电脑出了什么问题 ——You look pale.What’s wrong 你看起来脸色苍白，怎么了 【拓展】询问某人/某物出了什么问题的句型还有: ①what's the matter with... ——What’s the matter with your arm 你的胳膊怎么了 ②What's the trouble with... ——What's the trouble with your plan 你们的计划出了什么问题 16.【课文原句】But he could have trouble hearing you or speaking to you，但是他有可能无法听到你或者和你说话。 【用法】trouble( a problem，worry，difficulty，etc.)此处用作名词，意为“问题;麻烦;困难”。 have trouble(in) doing sth. 意为“做某事有困难”; have trouble with...意为“在………方面有困难”。 trouble还可用some、much、little、no等修饰。 ——Do you have any trouble (in) learning English 你学英语有困难吗 ——We had no trouble (in) finding the bank.我们毫不费力就找到了那家银行。 ——They had trouble with their car.他们的小汽车出了问题。 【拓展】trouble作动词，意为“麻烦;使烦恼”。 —— I’ m sorry to trouble you.很抱歉麻烦你。 17.【课文原句】Lift him up and sit him on a chair 把他扶起来让他坐在椅子上 【用法】lift( raise)此处作动词，意为“举起;抬起;提起”。 lift up意为“抬起;提起”。 lift up是“动词十副词”型短语动词，代词作宾语时必须放在lift和up中间。 ——She lifted her arms above her head.她把手臂举过了头顶。 ——The box is heavy. Please help me lift it up.这个箱子很重，请帮我把它抬起来 【拓展】lift作名词，意为“电梯”。 ——His flat is on the fifteenth floor. Let's take the lift.他的公寓在第15层，咱们乘电梯吧。 18.【课文原句】No,that could be harmful!不，那可能会造成伤害! 【用法】harmful( causing damage or injury to sb./sth.)作形容词，意为“有害的”，尤指对环境或健康有害。 be harmful to/for意为“对....有害”，相当于 be bad for。 ——Smoking is harmful to your health.吸烟对你的健康有害。 【拓展】do harm to意为“对…有伤害”。其中harm为不可数名词，意为“伤害;损害”。 ——That will do a lot of harm to our environment.那将对我们的环境造成很大伤害。 19.【课文原句】 You could drop him and hurt him even more.你可能会摔着他使他伤得更严重。 【用法】drop(to fall or make st.fall)作动词，意为“使落下，投下”。drop的过去式是 dropped,现在分词为dropping。 ——He came into the room and dropped into a chair.他来到屋子里，一下子坐在了椅子上。 【拓展】drop与fall 相同点 fall和drop都可作不及物动词，表示物体“落下，降落，摔下”fall和drop都可指温度、价格等“下降”不同点 drop还可作及物动词，fall则不可fall侧重表示无意识的行为;drop可表示有意识的行为
——The man dropped/fell from the top of the building.那人从楼顶上摔了下来。 ——The temperature suddenly fell/dropped，温度突然下降了。 ——He fell off his bike and hurt his leg.他从自行车上摔了下来，伤了腿。 ——The boy dropped his shoes on the floor.那个男孩把鞋扔在地上。 20.【课文原句】Make sure he’s warm.确保他不受凉。 【用法】make sure意为“确保;确认”，后可接that从句或of短语，其中，that可以省略。 ——Make sure (that )no one finds out about this.确保没有人发觉这件事。 ——They scored another goal and made sure of victory.他们又进了一球，锁定了胜局。 【拓展】be sure意为“确信;对……有把握”，后可接动词不定式、of短语或that从句。 ——He is sure to succeed.他一定会成功。 21.【课文原句】Cover him with a coat.把外套盖在他身上。 【用法】cover此处用作及物动词，意为“盖;盖上”，常与介词with搭配。 cover...with...，意为“用……把……盖住”(表示动作); be covered with...意为“被……覆盖”(表示状态)。 ——Please cover the table with a white cloth.请在桌子上铺一块白布。 ——The mountains are covered with trees.群山被树木覆盖。 【拓展】cover还可用作名词，意为“盖子;封面”等。 ——Please put a cover over the bowl.请用一个盖子把碗盖住。 ——The book needs a new cover.这本书需要一个新封面。 22.【课文原句】Earthquakes always happen suddenly,so it is difficult to warn people about them.地震总是发生得很突然，所以很难给人们警告。 【用法】Warn作动词，意为“警告；告诫”。其常见搭配有 ①warn sb. about /of sth 警告/提醒某人注意 ②warn sb. against sb./sth.提醒某人注意…;使某人警惕 ③warn sb.(not) to do sth.提醒/警告某人(不要)做某事 ——I tried to warn him. but he wouldn’t listen.我设法提醒过他，可他就是不听。 ——His father warned him about the weather when he went out.他出去的时候，他父亲提醒他注意天气 ——Her mother warned him of the danger.他母亲警告他有危险。 ——The man warned us against pickpockets at the station.那个男人提醒我们在车站提防小偷 ——The guidebook warns the visitors not to walk alone at night.这本旅游指南告诚游客不要在夜间单独行走。 23.【课文原句】inside在室内 【用法】inside有多种词性，其常见用法如下: 名词---里面;内部--That is just like the inside of the office. 副词---在里面;在室内--He looked inside，but he could see nothing.! 形容词---里面的;内部的--I was driving on the inside lane. 介词---在…里面--She walked inside the room. 24.【课文原句】Keep clear of fires.避开火。 【用法1】keep作动词，意为“保持;留在”，过去式是kept，其用法有: ①keep后可接形容词作表语。 ——Please keep quiet.请保持安静。 ②keep后可跟形容词、现在分词、过去分词、介词短语等作宾语补足语。 ——Close the door to keep the room warn.关上门以保持室内温暖。 ——I’m sorry to keep you waiting so long.对不起，让你久等了。 ——Please keep your hands behind your back all thee time请把你的双手一直放在背后。 【用法2】clear此处用作形容词，意为“不和……接触的;不挨……太近的”。keep clear of意为“不和…接触”。 ——Keep clear of cars and buses when you re on the road.在路上不要离小汽车和公共汽车太近。 【拓展】① clear作形容词，还可意为“清晰的;明亮的;明朗的”。 ——The water in the lake is very clear.湖里的水很清澈。 ② clear作动词，意为“清除;清理;移走”。 ——I always clear my desk before I go home.我回家前总要把课桌清理干净。 25.【课文原句】Keep calm,especially when you are with other people.保持镇静，尤其是身边还有其他人的时候。 【用法】calm作形容词，意为“镇静的;沉着的”。常见搭配:keep/ stay calm“保持冷静”。 ——Her voice was surprisingly calm.她的声音出人意料地平静。 ——Try to keep calm and just tell me what happened.镇静点，告诉我出了什么事。 【拓展】calm还可以作动词，意为“使平静;使镇静”。 calm down“冷静下来;平静下来”。 ——She was breathing quickly and tried to calm herself.她呼吸急促，尽カ让自己平静下来。 ——Calm down for a minute and listen to me.安静一会儿，听我说。 26.【课文原句】 It is dangerous. You must keep out!危险。你必须待在外面! 【用法】keep out意为“不进入;留在外面”。 ——The sign says“ Keep out”.牌子上写着“不得入内”。 【拓展】keep(sb/sth.)out of...意为“使不受……影响;使不进入…” ——Keep the baby out of thee sun.别让孩子晒着。 ——Keep the dog out of your bedroom.别让狗进入你的卧室。 27.【课文原句】Tilly＇s teacher was very proud of her.蒂莉的老师很为她感到自豪。 【用法】be/ feel proud of sb./sth.意为“为某人/某事感到自豪”。 ——I was proud of myself for not giving up.我为自己没有放弃而感到自豪。 ——He felt proud of his new car.他为他的新车感到自豪。 【拓展】be/ feel proud后也可接动词不定式或that从句。 ——I feel very proud to be a member of the team.能成为队里的一员我感到十分荣幸。 ——She was proud that her son won the game.她很自豪她的儿子赢了比赛。 一、单选选择 （ ）1. ——I have great ____ in learning English and I’m so worried. Could you help me ——Sure, I’d love to. A. trouble B. differences C. advice D. choices （ ）2.——Do you have any trouble____ English ——Yes, but I try to make myself ____. A. to speak; understood B. to speak; to understand C. speaking; understand D. speaking; understood （ ）3. The boxes aren’t too heavy. You can ____. A. lift up it B. lift it up C. lift up them D. lift them up （ ）4.Too many cars are ____ to the environment, so we’d better take the bus more. A. useful B. harmful C. helpful D. meaningful （ ）5. There aren’t many tickets left for the concert. You’d better ____that you get one today. A. make sure of B. make a decision C. make sure D. make plans （ ）6. The streets were covered ____ snow. A. for B. with C. to D. in （ ）7.Alice’s Adventure in Wonderland is ____ a good book ____everyone likes it. A. so; that B. too; to C. enough; to D. such; that （ ）8.——Wow, is that the Great Wall It’s really wonderful! ——Yeah, it is ____ famous ____ lots of visitors from all over the world come to visit it every year. A. so; that B. such; that C. enough; that D. very; that （ ）9. They warned us ____ too much time playing computer games. A. don’t spend B. not spend C. not to spend D. no spending （ ）10.No matter what problem we meet, we should try to solve them, and even though we fail, teachers and parents ____us. A. are strict with B. was worried about C. are proud of D. made sure of 二、填空题：根据句意及汉语提示写出所缺单词 1. The book I want is right at the __________ (底部) of the shelf. 2. Can you __________(想象) what the future will be like 3. Eating junk food more often is __________(有害的) to our health. 4. You can __________(盖上) the baby with my coat. 5. ——Can you imagine our life without __________(电)？——It’s dark everywhere. 6. Please take exercise to __________(保持) healthy every day. 7. We are going to raise money for __________(医疗的) research. 8. We talked and laughed loudly. So they __________(警告) us not to talk loudly. 9. Be careful! There is some __________(破碎的)glass on the ground. 10. The waiter __________(清理)the table after the meal. 三、句型变化 1．Can you tell me what I can do in an earthquake （改为简单句） Can you tell me __________ __________ __________ in an earthquake 2．Will you please read it again more slowly （改为祈使句） __________ __________ again more slowly, please. 3．Stay away from bridges and trees. （改为同义句） __________ __________ __________ bridges and trees. 4．Most people don't have chance to go to the moon. （改为同义句） Most people __________ __________ __________ to go to the moon. 5．Don't break the law, or we will be punished. （改为同义句） We will be punished __________ we __________ the law. 6．Eating junk food is harmful to our health. (改为同义句) Eating junk food _____ _____ _____ our health. 7．You must be careful with your handwriting. (改为祈使句) _____ _____ with your handwriting. 8．Speak and read English loudly. (改为否定句) _____ _____ or read English loudly. 9．The girl singing and dancing in the next room must be Lily. (改为否定句) The girl singing and dancing in the next room _____ _____ Lily. 10．be, when, in, keep, you’re, calm, important, trouble, very (连词成句) ____________________________________________________________ Key words： 名词：glass玻璃 stairs楼梯 aid救助；帮助 bottom底部；下端 trouble问题；烦恼；困难 training训练；培训 earthquake地震 window窗；窗户 power电；电力 动词：imagine想象；设想 drop使落下；投下 cover盖；盖上 warn警告；告诫 keep保持；留在 形容词：broken破碎的 medical医学的；医疗的 harmful有害的 calm镇静的；沉着的 brave勇敢的；无畏的 helpful有用的；提供帮助的 介词：under 在……正下方；在………下面 兼类词：wrong adj.有毛病的；错误的 adv.不正确地；错误地 lift v.举起；抬起；提起 n.电梯 inside n.内部；里面 adv.在里面；向室内 prep.在……里面 adj.里面的；内部的 clear adj.不和……接触的；不挨……太近的 v.清除；清理；移走 Key phrases： 1.first aid 急救 2.basic medical help 基本医疗救助 3.at the bottom of… 在………的底部 4.make a sound 出声 5.be in pain 在痛苦中 6.first of all 首先 7.have trouble doing sth. 做某事有困难 8.speak to sb. 跟某人说话 9.shout for help 呼救 10.lift up 抬起；提起 11.make sure 确保；确认 12.cover…with… 用…把…盖住 13.such…that… 如此…以至于… 14.even worse 更糟糕的是 15.wait for 等待 16.warn sb. about sth. 提醒/警告某人注意某事 17.jump out of 跳出…… 18.stay away from 远离 19.keep clear of…… 不和……接触 20、keep calm 保持镇静 21.move away from 从……离开 22.street lights路灯 23.power lines 电线 24.be careful of 当心 25.falling rocks 落石 26.on a beach 在海滩上 27.in short 总之 28.run out of 跑出…… 29.focus on 集中注意力于……… 30.keep out 不进入；留在外面 31.fall down 落下 32.because of 因为 33.clear……off…… 把……清除出…… 34.go funny 变得奇怪 35.be proud of 为……感到自豪 36.in the earthquake 在地震中 37.first of all 首先
Key sentences： 1、表示征求意见或建议的句型：（1）What can we do to help him （2）How do we do that 2、询问某人/某物出了什么问题的句型：First of all, find out what’s wrong with him. 3、表示推测的句型：（1）But he could have trouble hearing you or speaking to you. （2）Betty, you must know ! 4、表示建议、请求、劝告等语气的句型： （1）Ask him. （2）Make sure he’s warm. （3）Be brave and be helpful. 一、单选题 （ ）1．Don't run in the hallways and________ arrive late for class. A．not to B．won't C．don't D．no （ ）2．Tom has trouble ________ Chinese and I often help him ________ it. A．in understand; / B．to understand; with C．understanding; about D．understanding; with （ ）3．When someone is hit by a car, we can't ________. Instead, we should call 120 for help. A．cheer him up B．cheer up him C．lift him up D．lift up him （ ）4．It was ________ a fine day ________ we had a good time in the countryside. A．so; that B．such; that C．too; to D．enough; to （ ）5．——Is that girl under the tree Mary ——No, it ________ be Mary. She is in Beijing now. A．can’t B．needn’t C．wouldn’t D．shouldn’t （ ）6．The 18thJiangsu Provincial Games will ______ in September. Many students want to be volunteers. A．take place B．take part C．take action D．take care （ ）7．——Could I speak to Betty, please ——______.She's coming in a minute. A．Get a move on B．Come on C．Hang on, please D．Wait and see （ ）8．The girl ______ at her brother because he broke her favourite glass. A．shouted B．smiled C．laughed D．looked （ ）9．The two boys ______ Canadians. A．are both B．both are C．are all D．all are （ ）10．It was very hot yesterday. The government warned people ________ the fire. A．with B．for C．about D．on （ ）11．A little wine will not be ________ to your health. A．helpful B．helpless C．harmful D．harmless （ ）12．It's hot inside. Why not keep the door __________ A．opened B．opening C．to open D．open （ ）13．It is very __________ for students to read good books. A．careful B．helpful C．easily D．hardly （ ）14．The students stopped __________ when the teacher came in. A．talk B．to talk C．talking D．talked （ ）15．——Who __________ the girl from the fire ——A kind-hearted young man. But he lost his life. A．helped B．saved C．brought D．carried （ ）16．——Let’s go ____ the road now. ——Wait a moment please. The light is red now. A．across B．through C．under D．With （ ）17．——Let’s go dancing tonight. ——Sorry, I ______. I have to go to a meeting. A．mustn’t B．may not C．needn’t D．can’t （ ）18．——What did the man say to you just now ——He warned me ______________ in the river. A．not swim B．to not swim C．not to swim D．to swim （ ）19．It's ______________ interesting book that we all like it. A．such an B．so an C．such a D．so a （ ）20．If our government pay attention to the safety of food, our health in danger. A．isn’t; is B．doesn’t; will be C．won’t; is D．isn’t; will be （ ）21．Study hard, and you'll have a chance __________! A．to win B．wins C．winning D．won （ ）22．——I have great __________ in learning English and I'm so worried. Could you help me ——Sure, I'd love to. A．interest B．trouble C．advice D．fun （ ）23．Let's ask the teacher for help. She __________ the answer. A．must know B．mustn't know C． could knowing D． can't know （ ）24．——Can you __________ the big stone ——No,I can't. It's too heavy. A．put up B．set up C．lift up D．give up （ ）25．I saw a wallet __________ on the ground. A．lies B．lying C．lied D．ling （ ）26．——Linda,you hurt your leg yesterday. Are you still in __________ pain now ——Much better. A．a B．an C．the D．/ （ ）27．The boss made him __________ a lot of work every day in the old days. A．to do B．do C．did D．doing （ ）28．Qingdao is __________ beautiful seaside city that so many people come to visit it every year. A．so B．such C．so a D．such a （ ）29．——I feel tired and sleepy. ——Why not stop __________ A．to relax B．relaxing C．to work D．to working （ ）30．An __________ happened last night. Many houses fell down and many people died in it. A．earthquake B．activity C．accident D．electricity 二、填空题：用括号里所给词的适当形式填空 1. The cup is __________(break). Who broke it 2. If you have any trouble __________(use) the website, just click on this icon for help. 3. Tom isn’t at home. He could __________(be) in the playground. 4. I think this book is __________(help) to your English study. You’d better buy it. 5. The doctor advised my uncle to stop __________(work) immediately and have a rest. 6. It’s impossible __________(learn)English well in a short time. 7. Please be careful of __________(fall) stones during an earthquake. 8. __________(not smoke) here, Rick. Smoking is not allowed in public places. 9. The workers in this firm enjoy free __________(medicine) help. 10. I always imagine __________(meet) my old friends in street. 11. Smoking is __________(harm) to health. 12. Our headmaster warned us __________(not fly) kites near power lines in spring. 13. Be __________(care) of the dog. It sometimes bites people. 14. There is a letter __________(lie) on the floor. 15. We should help people in __________(trouble). 三、翻译题 1. 我们必须学会健康和基本急救的有关知识。 We need to learn about good health and basic __________ __________. 2. 把那个箱子放下楼梯底部。 Put the box __________ __________ __________ __________ the stairs. 3. 王先生把他的小女儿举起来并把她放在了他的肩膀上。 Mr. Wang __________ __________ his little daughter an put her on his shoulders. 4. 保持冷静，你就能想出办法。 Keep __________ __________fire because it is dangerous. 5. 不要和火接触，因为他很危险。 Keep __________ __________ fire because it is dangerous. 6. 她为儿子的成功感到自豪。 She __________ __________ __________ her son’s success. 7. 他警告我不要使用他的电脑。 He warned me _________ __________ ___________his computer. 8. 这个问题如此艰难，以至于没有人能回答出来。 This is __________ __________ difficult question __________nobody can answer it. 9. 他在学习中文方面有困难，所以很着急。 He has __________ __________ Chinese and he is so worried. 10. 在交作业前，请确保没有错误。 __________ __________ there are no mistakes in your homework before you hand it in.
辅导讲义
学员姓名： 年 级：初 二 课 时 数：
授课主题 外研版英语八年级上册module12 Help祈使句和情态动词must、can、could表猜测
教学目标 知识目标：掌握module12重点单词31个、重点短语11个及其拓展的知识点。 能力目标：提高学生用英语表达请求帮助、呼救的能力，通过课文了解不同的自救方式。 情感目标：培养学生的自我保护意识、安全意识。
教学重难点 重点：灵活运用module12的重点单词、短语、句型 难点：通过课文内容记忆单词和短语，辨析易混淆单词、短语的用法
授课日期及时段 2023年 月 日
教学内容 模块12的基础知识点梳理 Key vocabulary： 1.broken adj. 破碎的 2.glass n.玻璃 3.stairs n. 楼梯；梯级（stair的复数） 4.aid n. 援助；帮助 5.first aid 急救 6.medical adj. 医学的；医疗的 7.imagine vi. 想像；设想 8.bottom n. 底部；下端 9.at the bottom of … 在…..的底部 10.wrong adj. 错误的；有毛病的。adv. 错误地；不正确地 11.What`s wrong with… ….怎么了？ 12.trouble n. 麻烦；烦恼；困难 13.lift . 举起；提起；抬起。n. 电梯 14.lift up 抬起；提起 15.harmful adj. 有害的 16.drop vt. 投下；使落下 17.training n. 训练；培训 18.make sure 确保；确认 19.cover v. 盖；盖上 20.earthquake n. 地震 21.warn vt. 警告，告诫 22.inside n. 里面；内部；adv. 在里面；prep. 在….里面 adj. 里面的；内部的 23.under prep. 在….正下方；在….下面 24.window n. 窗；窗户 25.keep vt.（kept [kept]） 保持；留在 26.clear adj. 不和….接触的；不挨….太近的；v. 清除；清理；移走 27.keep clear of … 不和….接触 28.calm adj. 镇静的，沉着的 29.brave adj. 勇敢的；无畏的 30.helpful adj. 提供帮助的；有用的 31.power n. 电力 重点词句同步讲解 1.【课文原句】Let’s imagine an accident. 【用法】imagine及物动词，想象，设想；其后常接名词、代词或从句作宾语。 imagine doing sth想象做某事 ——We can imagine life without water. ——I imagine playing with my friends. ——He imagines that people don’t like him. 【对点练习1】Let's imagine_______ like birds. A. fly B. flying C. to fly D. to flying 【答案】B 2.【课文原句】A boy is lying at the bottom of the stairs. 【用法】bottom可数名词，意为“底部，下端”。 ——at the bottom of在……的底部。 ——Tom is standing at the bottom of the stairs. ——There is a lot of sand at the bottom of the river. 【对点练习2】A boy is lying the stairs. 一个男孩正躺在楼梯底下。 【答案】at the bottom of 3.【课文原句】But he could have trouble hearing you or speaking to you. 【用法】trouble不可数名词，意为“问题，困难”。have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难。 ——I have trouble finding work. 【拓展】 have trouble with sb./ sth.某人或某物有问题I had trouble with my roommate.get into trouble惹上麻烦The boy often gets into trouble.be in trouble处于困境中When he is in trouble, he always turns to friends for help.take the trouble to do sth.做某事很费力Thank you for taking the trouble to help me with my English.
【对点练习3】（1）I have some trouble_________ the letter. His handwriting is very bad. read B. to read C. reading D. reads （2）他听你说话或跟你对话有困难。 He_______ _________ ________ ________you or_________ to you. 【答案】C、has trouble listening to; talking 4.【课文原句】Lift him up and sit him on a chair 【用法】lift作及物动词，意为“举起，抬起，提起”。lift up意为“抬起，提起” ——The box is too heavy for me to lift. ——She lifted it up. 【拓展】lift还可用作名词，意为“电梯”。 ——She is too short to reach the buttons of the lift. 【对点练习4】We'll have to____________ the car to get her out. 我们得把车子抬起，才能救她出来。【答案】lift up 5.【课文原句】No, that could be harmful! 【用法】harmful形容词，意为“有害的”be harmful to sb./ sth.意为“对某人/某物有害的”。 ——Do you know it’s harmful ——Smoking is harmful to your health. 【拓展】do harm to sb./ sth.意为“对某人/某物有害”，harm为不可数名词。 ——It does harm to our environment. 【对点练习5】Noise is a kind of pollution and it ______________our ears. 噪音是一种污染，对我们的耳朵有害。 【答案】is harmful to 6.【课文原句】Make sure he’s warm. 【用法】make sure意为“确保，保证”，后面多跟that引导的宾语从句。 ——Make sure (that) he takes the medicine three times a day. ——Make sure that they come early. 【拓展】be sure意为“确信”，表示“有把握，有信心”，可以与动词不定式、of短语或that从句连用。 ——He is sure to win the game. ——I’m not so sure of myself. ——Are you sure that you will win 【对点练习6】Li Ming is so careful that he always looks over his exercises to _______there are no mistakes. A. make sure B. find out C. think of D. look for 【答案】A 7.【课文原句】Cover him with a coat. 【用法】cover此处用作及物动词，意为“盖，盖上”， cover… with… 用……盖上…… ——She covered her face with hands. ——Cover the table with a cloth. 【拓展1】be covered with意为“被……覆盖”。 ——The ground was covered with snow. 【拓展2】cover还可以用作可数名词，意为“封面，书皮”。 ——I bought a new book. Its cover is green. 【对点练习7】 He covered her mouth________his hand. 【答案】with 8.【课文原句】That’s such good advice that you could be a doctor, Betty! 【用法】such…that…如此…以至于 【辨析】such…that…与so…that… such…that 引导结果状语从句，其中such修饰名词。such + a / an + adj. + 单数可数名词 + that从句such + adj. + 不可数名词 / 复数可数名词 + that从句so…that 引导结果状语从句，其中so修饰形容词或副词。so + adj. / adv. + that从句so + adj.+ a /an + 单数可数名词 + that从句so + many / few / much / little + 名词 + that从句
——There are such beautiful paintings that I don’t know which to choose. ——He is such a clever boy that we all like him. ——He ran so quickly that no one could catch him. ——He’s so young that he can’t go to school. 【对点练习8】（1）I have never heard such_______before. A. a beautiful song B. beautiful song C. beautiful a song D. beautiful the song （2）It is Sunday today. It is_______lovely weather_______we want to spend the day on the beach. A. such a; that B. such; that C. such a; as D. so; that 【答案】AB 9.【课文原句】…so it is difficult to warn people about them. 【用法】warn sb. about… 提醒/警告某人注意……warn此处用作及物动词，意为“警告，告诫”。 ——Her parents often warn her about her schoolwork. ——He warned me about the thief. 【拓展1】warn sb. of sth. 意为“警告某人某事”。 ——They warned him of the danger. 【拓展2】warn sb. (not) to do sth. 意为“警告某人（不要）做某事”。warn sb. against doing sth. 与warn sb. not to do sth.同义。 ——Our teacher warned us not to play football on the street. = Our teacher warned us against playing football on the street. 【对点练习9】（1）Father often______ me not to play ball games in the street. 爸爸经常警告我不要在街上踢足球。 （2）My mother warned_________on the edge of the rock. I not sit B. me not sitting C. me not to sit D. us not sit 【答案】warns、C 10.【课文原句】Tilly’s teacher was very proud of her. 【用法】be proud of 意为“为……而自豪；以……为骄傲”。proud形容词，意为“骄傲的；自豪的”。 ——We are proud of our country. 【拓展】同义词组为take pride in。 ——He was proud of having such a great mother. = He took pride in having such a great mother. 【对点练习10】My mother ____________________my success. 我妈妈为我的成功而感到骄傲。 【答案】is proud of
11.【课文原句】broken破碎的 【用法】broken作形容词，意为“破碎的;破损的;伤残的;坏的”。 broken是动词break的过去分词转化而来的形容词。 —— Look at the broken window.看那扇破碎的窗户。 ——My bike is broken, so I have to walk to school.我的自行车坏了，因此我不得不走着去上学。 12.【课文原句】glass玻璃 【用法】glass表示”玻璃”时作不可数名词，表达数量用...piece(s) of glass. —— I cut myself on a piece of broken glass.我被一块碎玻璃划仿了. 【拓展】① glass表示“玻璃杯”时作可数名词，复数形式为 glasses。 ——I bought two glasses yesterday.昨天我买了两个玻璃杯。 ② glasses意为“眼镜”，只用复数。 ——Miss Liu always wears a pair of glasses.刘老师总是戴着一副眼镜。 13.【课文原句】This morning's class is about first aid, or giving someone basic medical help.今天上午的课是关于急救的，或者给某人基本的医疗救助。 【用法1】aid作名词，意为“救助;帮助”。 first aid意为“急救”。 ——They joined in the aid programme.他们加入了接助活动。 ——Mr Ma taught us how to give first aid.马老师教我们如何进行急救。 【用法2】medical作形容词，意为“医学的;医疗的”，通常位于名词之前作定语。 ——They sent several medical teams to the villages.他们向村子里派出了几支医疗队。 ——Their daughter is studying in a medical school.他们的女儿在一所医科学校学习。 14.【课文原句】Let’s imagine an accident.让我们设想一起事故。 【用法】Imagine作动词，意为“想象，设想”，后接名词、代词、动词ing形式或宾语从句作宾语，但不可接动词不定式。 ——Can you imagine life without water 你能想象没有水的生活吗 ——I imagine playing with my friends.我想象着和朋友们玩要的样子。 ——Close your eyes and imagine that you are on a lonely island.闭上眼睛，设想自己在一个偏僻的岛上。 【拓展】I/ We imagine后若接表示否定含义的宾语从句，否定部分转移到主句。 ——I don’t imagine that they will refuse.我认为他们不会拒绝。 15.【课文原句】First of all， find out what＇s wrong with him.首先，弄清楚他怎么了。 【用法】“ What’s wrong with.... ”意为“……怎么了 ”，用来询问某人/某物出了什么问题，也可以直接用“What’ s wrong ”来询问有什么问题或不顺心的事。 ——What s wrong with my computer 我的电脑出了什么问题 ——You look pale.What’s wrong 你看起来脸色苍白，怎么了 【拓展】询问某人/某物出了什么问题的句型还有: ①what's the matter with... ——What’s the matter with your arm 你的胳膊怎么了 ②What's the trouble with... ——What's the trouble with your plan 你们的计划出了什么问题 16.【课文原句】But he could have trouble hearing you or speaking to you，但是他有可能无法听到你或者和你说话。 【用法】trouble( a problem，worry，difficulty，etc.)此处用作名词，意为“问题;麻烦;困难”。 have trouble(in) doing sth. 意为“做某事有困难”; have trouble with...意为“在………方面有困难”。 trouble还可用some、much、little、no等修饰。 ——Do you have any trouble (in) learning English 你学英语有困难吗 ——We had no trouble (in) finding the bank.我们毫不费力就找到了那家银行。 ——They had trouble with their car.他们的小汽车出了问题。 【拓展】trouble作动词，意为“麻烦;使烦恼”。 —— I’ m sorry to trouble you.很抱歉麻烦你。 17.【课文原句】Lift him up and sit him on a chair 把他扶起来让他坐在椅子上 【用法】lift( raise)此处作动词，意为“举起;抬起;提起”。 lift up意为“抬起;提起”。 lift up是“动词十副词”型短语动词，代词作宾语时必须放在lift和up中间。 ——She lifted her arms above her head.她把手臂举过了头顶。 ——The box is heavy. Please help me lift it up.这个箱子很重，请帮我把它抬起来 【拓展】lift作名词，意为“电梯”。 ——His flat is on the fifteenth floor. Let's take the lift.他的公寓在第15层，咱们乘电梯吧。 18.【课文原句】No,that could be harmful!不，那可能会造成伤害! 【用法】harmful( causing damage or injury to sb./sth.)作形容词，意为“有害的”，尤指对环境或健康有害。 be harmful to/for意为“对....有害”，相当于 be bad for。 ——Smoking is harmful to your health.吸烟对你的健康有害。 【拓展】do harm to意为“对…有伤害”。其中harm为不可数名词，意为“伤害;损害”。 ——That will do a lot of harm to our environment.那将对我们的环境造成很大伤害。 19.【课文原句】 You could drop him and hurt him even more.你可能会摔着他使他伤得更严重。 【用法】drop(to fall or make st.fall)作动词，意为“使落下，投下”。drop的过去式是 dropped,现在分词为dropping。 ——He came into the room and dropped into a chair.他来到屋子里，一下子坐在了椅子上。 【拓展】drop与fall 相同点 fall和drop都可作不及物动词，表示物体“落下，降落，摔下”fall和drop都可指温度、价格等“下降”不同点 drop还可作及物动词，fall则不可fall侧重表示无意识的行为;drop可表示有意识的行为
——The man dropped/fell from the top of the building.那人从楼顶上摔了下来。 ——The temperature suddenly fell/dropped，温度突然下降了。 ——He fell off his bike and hurt his leg.他从自行车上摔了下来，伤了腿。 ——The boy dropped his shoes on the floor.那个男孩把鞋扔在地上。 20.【课文原句】Make sure he’s warm.确保他不受凉。 【用法】make sure意为“确保;确认”，后可接that从句或of短语，其中，that可以省略。 ——Make sure (that )no one finds out about this.确保没有人发觉这件事。 ——They scored another goal and made sure of victory.他们又进了一球，锁定了胜局。 【拓展】be sure意为“确信;对……有把握”，后可接动词不定式、of短语或that从句。 ——He is sure to succeed.他一定会成功。 21.【课文原句】Cover him with a coat.把外套盖在他身上。 【用法】cover此处用作及物动词，意为“盖;盖上”，常与介词with搭配。 cover...with...，意为“用……把……盖住”(表示动作); be covered with...意为“被……覆盖”(表示状态)。 ——Please cover the table with a white cloth.请在桌子上铺一块白布。 ——The mountains are covered with trees.群山被树木覆盖。 【拓展】cover还可用作名词，意为“盖子;封面”等。 ——Please put a cover over the bowl.请用一个盖子把碗盖住。 ——The book needs a new cover.这本书需要一个新封面。 22.【课文原句】Earthquakes always happen suddenly,so it is difficult to warn people about them.地震总是发生得很突然，所以很难给人们警告。 【用法】Warn作动词，意为“警告；告诫”。其常见搭配有 ①warn sb. about /of sth 警告/提醒某人注意 ②warn sb. against sb./sth.提醒某人注意…;使某人警惕 ③warn sb.(not) to do sth.提醒/警告某人(不要)做某事 ——I tried to warn him. but he wouldn’t listen.我设法提醒过他，可他就是不听。 ——His father warned him about the weather when he went out.他出去的时候，他父亲提醒他注意天气 ——Her mother warned him of the danger.他母亲警告他有危险。 ——The man warned us against pickpockets at the station.那个男人提醒我们在车站提防小偷 ——The guidebook warns the visitors not to walk alone at night.这本旅游指南告诚游客不要在夜间单独行走。 23.【课文原句】inside在室内 【用法】inside有多种词性，其常见用法如下: 名词---里面;内部--That is just like the inside of the office. 副词---在里面;在室内--He looked inside，but he could see nothing.! 形容词---里面的;内部的--I was driving on the inside lane. 介词---在…里面--She walked inside the room. 24.【课文原句】Keep clear of fires.避开火。 【用法1】keep作动词，意为“保持;留在”，过去式是kept，其用法有: ①keep后可接形容词作表语。 ——Please keep quiet.请保持安静。 ②keep后可跟形容词、现在分词、过去分词、介词短语等作宾语补足语。 ——Close the door to keep the room warn.关上门以保持室内温暖。 ——I’m sorry to keep you waiting so long.对不起，让你久等了。 ——Please keep your hands behind your back all thee time请把你的双手一直放在背后。 【用法2】clear此处用作形容词，意为“不和……接触的;不挨……太近的”。keep clear of意为“不和…接触”。 ——Keep clear of cars and buses when you re on the road.在路上不要离小汽车和公共汽车太近。 【拓展】① clear作形容词，还可意为“清晰的;明亮的;明朗的”。 ——The water in the lake is very clear.湖里的水很清澈。 ② clear作动词，意为“清除;清理;移走”。 ——I always clear my desk before I go home.我回家前总要把课桌清理干净。 25.【课文原句】Keep calm,especially when you are with other people.保持镇静，尤其是身边还有其他人的时候。 【用法】calm作形容词，意为“镇静的;沉着的”。常见搭配:keep/ stay calm“保持冷静”。 ——Her voice was surprisingly calm.她的声音出人意料地平静。 ——Try to keep calm and just tell me what happened.镇静点，告诉我出了什么事。 【拓展】calm还可以作动词，意为“使平静;使镇静”。 calm down“冷静下来;平静下来”。 ——She was breathing quickly and tried to calm herself.她呼吸急促，尽カ让自己平静下来。 ——Calm down for a minute and listen to me.安静一会儿，听我说。 26.【课文原句】 It is dangerous. You must keep out!危险。你必须待在外面! 【用法】keep out意为“不进入;留在外面”。 ——The sign says“ Keep out”.牌子上写着“不得入内”。 【拓展】keep(sb/sth.)out of...意为“使不受……影响;使不进入…” ——Keep the baby out of thee sun.别让孩子晒着。 ——Keep the dog out of your bedroom.别让狗进入你的卧室。 27.【课文原句】Tilly＇s teacher was very proud of her.蒂莉的老师很为她感到自豪。 【用法】be/ feel proud of sb./sth.意为“为某人/某事感到自豪”。 ——I was proud of myself for not giving up.我为自己没有放弃而感到自豪。 ——He felt proud of his new car.他为他的新车感到自豪。 【拓展】be/ feel proud后也可接动词不定式或that从句。 ——I feel very proud to be a member of the team.能成为队里的一员我感到十分荣幸。 ——She was proud that her son won the game.她很自豪她的儿子赢了比赛。 一、单选选择 （ ）1. ——I have great ____ in learning English and I’m so worried. Could you help me ——Sure, I’d love to. A. trouble B. differences C. advice D. choices （ ）2.——Do you have any trouble____ English ——Yes, but I try to make myself ____. A. to speak; understood B. to speak; to understand C. speaking; understand D. speaking; understood （ ）3. The boxes aren’t too heavy. You can ____. A. lift up it B. lift it up C. lift up them D. lift them up （ ）4.Too many cars are ____ to the environment, so we’d better take the bus more. A. useful B. harmful C. helpful D. meaningful （ ）5. There aren’t many tickets left for the concert. You’d better ____that you get one today. A. make sure of B. make a decision C. make sure D. make plans （ ）6. The streets were covered ____ snow. A. for B. with C. to D. in （ ）7.Alice’s Adventure in Wonderland is ____ a good book ____everyone likes it. A. so; that B. too; to C. enough; to D. such; that （ ）8.——Wow, is that the Great Wall It’s really wonderful! ——Yeah, it is ____ famous ____ lots of visitors from all over the world come to visit it every year. A. so; that B. such; that C. enough; that D. very; that （ ）9. They warned us ____ too much time playing computer games. A. don’t spend B. not spend C. not to spend D. no spending （ ）10.No matter what problem we meet, we should try to solve them, and even though we fail, teachers and parents ____us. A. are strict with B. was worried about C. are proud of D. made sure of 【答案】ADDBC BDACC 二、填空题：根据句意及汉语提示写出所缺单词 1. The book I want is right at the __________ (底部) of the shelf. 2. Can you __________(想象) what the future will be like 3. Eating junk food more often is __________(有害的) to our health. 4. You can __________(盖上) the baby with my coat. 5. ——Can you imagine our life without __________(电)？——It’s dark everywhere. 6. Please take exercise to __________(保持) healthy every day. 7. We are going to raise money for __________(医疗的) research. 8. We talked and laughed loudly. So they __________(警告) us not to talk loudly. 9. Be careful! There is some __________(破碎的)glass on the ground. 10. The waiter __________(清理)the table after the meal. 【答案】bottom；imagine；harmful；cover；power；keep；medical；fell；warned；broken; cleared 三、句型变化 1．Can you tell me what I can do in an earthquake （改为简单句） Can you tell me __________ __________ __________ in an earthquake 2．Will you please read it again more slowly （改为祈使句） __________ __________ again more slowly, please. 3．Stay away from bridges and trees. （改为同义句） __________ __________ __________ bridges and trees. 4．Most people don't have chance to go to the moon. （改为同义句） Most people __________ __________ __________ to go to the moon. 5．Don't break the law, or we will be punished. （改为同义句） We will be punished __________ we __________ the law. 6．Eating junk food is harmful to our health. (改为同义句) Eating junk food _____ _____ _____ our health. 7．You must be careful with your handwriting. (改为祈使句) _____ _____ with your handwriting. 8．Speak and read English loudly. (改为否定句) _____ _____ or read English loudly. 9．The girl singing and dancing in the next room must be Lily. (改为否定句) The girl singing and dancing in the next room _____ _____ Lily. 10．be, when, in, keep, you’re, calm, important, trouble, very (连词成句) ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】1.what to do 2.Read it 3.Keep clear of 4.have no chance 5.if break 6.is bad for 7.Be careful 8.Don’t speak 9.can’t/couldn’t be 10.Keeping calm is very important when you’re in trouble Key words： 名词：glass玻璃 stairs楼梯 aid救助；帮助 bottom底部；下端 trouble问题；烦恼；困难 training训练；培训 earthquake地震 window窗；窗户 power电；电力 动词：imagine想象；设想 drop使落下；投下 cover盖；盖上 warn警告；告诫 keep保持；留在 形容词：broken破碎的 medical医学的；医疗的 harmful有害的 calm镇静的；沉着的 brave勇敢的；无畏的 helpful有用的；提供帮助的 介词：under 在……正下方；在………下面 兼类词：wrong adj.有毛病的；错误的 adv.不正确地；错误地 lift v.举起；抬起；提起 n.电梯 inside n.内部；里面 adv.在里面；向室内 prep.在……里面 adj.里面的；内部的 clear adj.不和……接触的；不挨……太近的 v.清除；清理；移走 Key phrases： 1.first aid 急救 2.basic medical help 基本医疗救助 3.at the bottom of… 在………的底部 4.make a sound 出声 5.be in pain 在痛苦中 6.first of all 首先 7.have trouble doing sth. 做某事有困难 8.speak to sb. 跟某人说话 9.shout for help 呼救 10.lift up 抬起；提起 11.make sure 确保；确认 12.cover…with… 用…把…盖住 13.such…that… 如此…以至于… 14.even worse 更糟糕的是 15.wait for 等待 16.warn sb. about sth. 提醒/警告某人注意某事 17.jump out of 跳出…… 18.stay away from 远离 19.keep clear of…… 不和……接触 20、keep calm 保持镇静 21.move away from 从……离开 22.street lights路灯 23.power lines 电线 24.be careful of 当心 25.falling rocks 落石 26.on a beach 在海滩上 27.in short 总之 28.run out of 跑出…… 29.focus on 集中注意力于……… 30.keep out 不进入；留在外面 31.fall down 落下 32.because of 因为 33.clear……off…… 把……清除出…… 34.go funny 变得奇怪 35.be proud of 为……感到自豪 36.in the earthquake 在地震中 37.first of all 首先
Key sentences： 1、表示征求意见或建议的句型：（1）What can we do to help him （2）How do we do that 2、询问某人/某物出了什么问题的句型：First of all, find out what’s wrong with him. 3、表示推测的句型：（1）But he could have trouble hearing you or speaking to you. （2）Betty, you must know ! 4、表示建议、请求、劝告等语气的句型： （1）Ask him. （2）Make sure he’s warm. （3）Be brave and be helpful. 一、单选题 （ ）1．Don't run in the hallways and________ arrive late for class. A．not to B．won't C．don't D．no （ ）2．Tom has trouble ________ Chinese and I often help him ________ it. A．in understand; / B．to understand; with C．understanding; about D．understanding; with （ ）3．When someone is hit by a car, we can't ________. Instead, we should call 120 for help. A．cheer him up B．cheer up him C．lift him up D．lift up him （ ）4．It was ________ a fine day ________ we had a good time in the countryside. A．so; that B．such; that C．too; to D．enough; to （ ）5．——Is that girl under the tree Mary ——No, it ________ be Mary. She is in Beijing now. A．can’t B．needn’t C．wouldn’t D．shouldn’t （ ）6．The 18thJiangsu Provincial Games will ______ in September. Many students want to be volunteers. A．take place B．take part C．take action D．take care （ ）7．——Could I speak to Betty, please ——______.She's coming in a minute. A．Get a move on B．Come on C．Hang on, please D．Wait and see （ ）8．The girl ______ at her brother because he broke her favourite glass. A．shouted B．smiled C．laughed D．looked （ ）9．The two boys ______ Canadians. A．are both B．both are C．are all D．all are （ ）10．It was very hot yesterday. The government warned people ________ the fire. A．with B．for C．about D．on （ ）11．A little wine will not be ________ to your health. A．helpful B．helpless C．harmful D．harmless （ ）12．It's hot inside. Why not keep the door __________ A．opened B．opening C．to open D．open （ ）13．It is very __________ for students to read good books. A．careful B．helpful C．easily D．hardly （ ）14．The students stopped __________ when the teacher came in. A．talk B．to talk C．talking D．talked （ ）15．——Who __________ the girl from the fire ——A kind-hearted young man. But he lost his life. A．helped B．saved C．brought D．carried （ ）16．——Let’s go ____ the road now. ——Wait a moment please. The light is red now. A．across B．through C．under D．With （ ）17．——Let’s go dancing tonight. ——Sorry, I ______. I have to go to a meeting. A．mustn’t B．may not C．needn’t D．can’t （ ）18．——What did the man say to you just now ——He warned me ______________ in the river. A．not swim B．to not swim C．not to swim D．to swim （ ）19．It's ______________ interesting book that we all like it. A．such an B．so an C．such a D．so a （ ）20．If our government pay attention to the safety of food, our health in danger. A．isn’t; is B．doesn’t; will be C．won’t; is D．isn’t; will be （ ）21．Study hard, and you'll have a chance __________! A．to win B．wins C．winning D．won （ ）22．——I have great __________ in learning English and I'm so worried. Could you help me ——Sure, I'd love to. A．interest B．trouble C．advice D．fun （ ）23．Let's ask the teacher for help. She __________ the answer. A．must know B．mustn't know C． could knowing D． can't know （ ）24．——Can you __________ the big stone ——No,I can't. It's too heavy. A．put up B．set up C．lift up D．give up （ ）25．I saw a wallet __________ on the ground. A．lies B．lying C．lied D．ling （ ）26．——Linda,you hurt your leg yesterday. Are you still in __________ pain now ——Much better. A．a B．an C．the D．/ （ ）27．The boss made him __________ a lot of work every day in the old days. A．to do B．do C．did D．doing （ ）28．Qingdao is __________ beautiful seaside city that so many people come to visit it every year. A．so B．such C．so a D．such a （ ）29．——I feel tired and sleepy. ——Why not stop __________ A．to relax B．relaxing C．to work D．to working （ ）30．An __________ happened last night. Many houses fell down and many people died in it. A．earthquake B．activity C．accident D．electricity 【答案】1-5CDCBA 6-10ACAAC 11-15CDBCB 16-20ADCAB 21-25ABACB 26-30DBDAA 二、填空题：用括号里所给词的适当形式填空 1. The cup is __________(break). Who broke it 2. If you have any trouble __________(use) the website, just click on this icon for help. 3. Tom isn’t at home. He could __________(be) in the playground. 4. I think this book is __________(help) to your English study. You’d better buy it. 5. The doctor advised my uncle to stop __________(work) immediately and have a rest. 6. It’s impossible __________(learn)English well in a short time. 7. Please be careful of __________(fall) stones during an earthquake. 8. __________(not smoke) here, Rick. Smoking is not allowed in public places. 9. The workers in this firm enjoy free __________(medicine) help. 10. I always imagine __________(meet) my old friends in street. 11. Smoking is __________(harm) to health. 12. Our headmaster warned us __________(not fly) kites near power lines in spring. 13. Be __________(care) of the dog. It sometimes bites people. 14. There is a letter __________(lie) on the floor. 15. We should help people in __________(trouble). 【答案】broken；using；be；helpful；working；to learn；falling；Don’t smoke；medical; meeting; harmful; not to fly; careful; lying; trouble; 三、翻译题 1. 我们必须学会健康和基本急救的有关知识。 We need to learn about good health and basic __________ __________. 2. 把那个箱子放下楼梯底部。 Put the box __________ __________ __________ __________ the stairs. 3. 王先生把他的小女儿举起来并把她放在了他的肩膀上。 Mr. Wang __________ __________ his little daughter an put her on his shoulders. 4. 保持冷静，你就能想出办法。 Keep __________ __________fire because it is dangerous. 5. 不要和火接触，因为他很危险。 Keep __________ __________ fire because it is dangerous. 6. 她为儿子的成功感到自豪。 She __________ __________ __________ her son’s success. 7. 他警告我不要使用他的电脑。 He warned me _________ __________ ___________his computer. 8. 这个问题如此艰难，以至于没有人能回答出来。 This is __________ __________ difficult question __________nobody can answer it. 9. 他在学习中文方面有困难，所以很着急。 He has __________ __________ Chinese and he is so worried. 10. 在交作业前，请确保没有错误。 __________ __________ there are no mistakes in your homework before you hand it in. 【答案】1-5first aid；at the bottom of；lifted up；Keep/Stay calm；clear of 6-10is proud of；not to use；such a、that；trouble learning；Make sure
同课章节目录
- Module 1 How to learn English
- Unit 1 Let's try to speak English as much as possi
- Unit 2 You should smile at her.
- Unit 3 Language in use .
- Module 2 My home town and my country
- Unit 1 It's taller than many other buildings.
- Unit 2 Cambridge is a beautiful city in the east o
- Unit 3 Language in use .
- Module 3 Sports.
- Unit 1 Nothing is more exciting than playing tenni
- Unit 2 This year we training more carefully.
- Unit 3 Language in use .
- Module 4 Planes, ships and trains .
- Unit 1 He lives the farthest from school.
- Unit 2 What is the best way to travel.
- Unit 3 Language in use .
- Module 5 Lao She Teahouse.
- Unit 1 I wanted to see the Beijing Opera.
- Unit 2 It descibes the changes in Chinese society.
- Unit 3 Language in use .
- Module 6 Animals in danger.
- Unit 1 It allows people to get closer to them .
- Unit 2 The WWF is working hard to save them all.
- Unit 3 Language in use .
- Revision module A
- Module 7 A famous story
- Unit 1 Alice was sitting with her sister by the ri
- Unit 2 She was thinking about her cat.
- Unit 3 Language in use .
- Module 8 Accidents
- Unit 1 While the car were changing to red, a car s
- Unit 2 I was trying to pick it up when it bite me
- Unit 3 Language in use .
- Module 9 Population
- Unit 1 The population of China is about 1.37 billi
- Unit 2 Arnwick was a city with 200,000 people.
- Unit 3 Language in use .
- Module 10 The weathe
- Unit 1 It might snow.
- Unit 2 The weather is fine all year round.
- Unit 3 Language in use .
- Module 11 Way of life
- Unit 1 In China ,we open a gift later.
- Unit 2 In England, you usually drink tea with milk
- Unit 3 Language in use .
- Module 12 Help
- Unit 1 What should we do before help arrives?
- Unit 2 Stay away from windows and heavy furniture.
- Unit 3 Language in use .
- Revision module B