Module4 Planes, ships and trains形容词、副词最高级辅导讲义2023-2024学年外研版英语八年级上册（含答案）
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| 名称 | Module4 Planes, ships and trains形容词、副词最高级辅导讲义2023-2024学年外研版英语八年级上册（含答案） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-08-07 09:55:23 | ||
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辅导讲义
学员姓名： 年 级：初 二 课 时 数：
授课主题 外研版英语八年级上册module4 Planes, ships and trains形容词、副词最高级
教学目标 知识目标：掌握module4重点单词16个、重点短语10个及其拓展的知识点。 能力目标：提高学生对交通运输及交通工具的表达能力。 情感目标：提高学生的交通安全意识。
教学重难点 重点：灵活运用module4的重点单词、短语、句型 难点：通过课文内容记忆单词和短语，辨析易混淆单词、短语的用法
授课日期及时段 2023年 月 日
教学内容 模块4的基础知识点梳理 Key vocabulary： 1.road n. （尤指）公路，路 2.accident n. 交通事故；意外事件 3.except prep. 除…之外 4.choice n. 选择 5.classmate n. 同班同学 6.far adv. 远；遥远地；adj. 远的；遥远的 7.far from 远离 8.close adj.（距离上） 近点，接近的。（距离上）接近地 9.crowded adj. 拥挤的；人数过多的 10.all the time 一直；不断地 11.journey n. 旅行；旅程 12.book vt. 预订 13.park vt. 停放（车）；泊（车） 14.outside prep. 在…范围之外；adv. 在外面，向外面；. 外部；外面。adj. 外面的，外部的 15.however adv. 然而；但是 16.cost vt. 花费；价钱为。n. 费用，代价，成本 重点词句同步讲解 1.【课文原句】What happened 【用法】happen动词，意为“发生”。主要有以下用法： 表示“某地/某时发生了某事”常用“Sth.+happened+地点/时间状语”这一结构，此时主语应是事物。 ——The story happened in 2012. 表示“某人出了某事（常指不好的事）”常用“Sth. happened + to sb.”提问时常用“What happened to sb ”这一句型 ——An accident happened to her this morning. 【注意】happen一般指事件偶然“发生”，其主语不能用表示人的词语；如果表示事先安排或有准备的事件，则用take place。 【对点练习1】I wonder _________________ her. 我想知道她怎么了。 2.【课文原句】But nobody was late, except me.但除了我没有人迟到。 【用法】except介词，意为“除…之外”，可用于句首。后面可接名词，代词，动词，副词，介词短语或从句等。常与all、every、no、nothing等词连用，所有、没有…除了…,除去的部分常常与整体是同类事物。 ——He answered all the questions except the last one. 【辨析】except，except for与besides都有“除....之外”的意思，但用法并不相同。 except“除了……之外”，表示“(从整体中)减去”。(前后事物是同类的)Nobody was late except me.除了我之外，没有人迟到。except for“除了”，说明整个基本情况之后，对细节加以纠正，常含有“美中不足”之意(前后事物是不同类的)Your composition is very good except for a few mistakes. 除了几处错误之外，你的作文非常好。besides“除了……之外(还有)”，包括 besides后面的宾语在内，表示“加上”。Besides being a singer, he is a great dancer. 他除了是位歌手，还是位优秀的舞蹈家。
——We all passed the exam except Tom. 除汤姆外，我们都通过了考试。 ——I have another blue pen besides this one. 除这支外，我还有另一支蓝色钢笔。 ——Her composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes.除几处拼写错误外，她的作文非常好。 【对点练习2】——All the workers went home yesterday______ Mr. White. Why ——Because he was on duty. A．except B．besides C．except for D．beside 3.【课文原句】Maybe I should go to school by taxi. 【用法1】Maybe=perhaps=probably,副词，意为“大概；或许；可能”，在句中作状语。 ——Maybe you are right. —— Maybe Mr Miller will stay here for a week.或许我应该坐出租车去上学。 【辨析】may、maybe与may be may情态动词，“可以，可能”，may ＋动词原形I think it may rain this afternoon. 我想今天下午可能下雨。may bemay是情态动词，be是动词原形，意为“也许是、可能是”两者构成完整的谓语形式，与主语形成系表结构。He may be a teacher. 他可能是个老师。maybe副词，意思是“也许、可能”，在句中作状语， 相当于perhaps，常位于句首。Maybe she'll come this afternoon. 她可能今天下午来。
【用法2】by taxi“坐出租车”，是“by+交通工具名词”表示交通方式，表示交通工具的名词用单数形式，且其前不加冠词（a/an/the），用作方式状语。 ——by bus by plane by train by ship ——I often go to work by taxi. 【拓展1】by之后直接跟交通工具名词单数，by和交通工具名词之间不能有任何词。（by a train，by the plane，by my bike都是错误的）。但如果用动词take (乘, 坐), ride (骑), drive (乘车, 驾车)，交通工具名词前要有冠 词或其他修饰词，——take a train , take a plane , ride a bike , drive a car。 【辨析】by，on与in 1) 当交通工具前无限定词修饰时，介词只用by；当交通工具名词前有冠词或形容词性物主代词等限定词时，介词可用in，但不能用by。 ——by bus=in a bus; by train=in a train 2）“骑自行车”不用in而用on。 ——by bike=on a bike=on one’s bike 3）如果交通工具名词前有具体的钟点时间修饰，则介词用by或on皆可。 ——He will go on/by the 8 o’clock train. 【拓展2】①表示交通方式的常用结构 用介词表达by+交通工具名词in/on+限定词+交通工具名词用动词表达take+a/the+交通工具名词walk/ ride/fly/ drive.+to+地点
——I go to school by bike. =I go to school on my bike=I ride to school.我骑自行车去上学。 ②提问交通方式用how。 ——How are you going there 你们将怎么去那里 ——We’re going there by train.我们将坐火车去那里。 【对点练习3】（1） __________ he is at school. = He __________ at school. （2）We want to _____________ to New York. = We want to travel to New York ______train. 4.【课文原句】I am planning to travel from London to Amsterdam. 【用法1】plan及物动词，意为“计划，打算”，后常接名词、代名词或动词不定式做宾语。plan to do sth. 意为“计划/打算做某事”。 ——I've been planning this visit for months.（接名词） ——Where do you plan to spend your holiday （接动词不定式） ——He doesn't plan to go to Beijing on vacation. 【拓展】plan还可用作名词，意为“计划”。常用短语:make a plan for sth.意为“为....制订计划”，make a plan (to do sth.)“制订计划（做某事）”。 ——I'm making my studying plan. ——They made a new plan for the use of the time. 【用法2】from…to…固定搭配，意为“从....到....”，可以用来连接时间，也可以用来连接地点。 ——We are going to sail from Shanghai to Qingdao. ——How far is it from your office to the bank ——The meeting is from three to five o'clock. 【对点练习4】（1） I'm planning __________(buy) a new piano for my son. （2）I'll _________________ my holiday. 我要为我的假期做个计划。 （3）We work ____________________. 我们从早到晚工作。 5.【课文原句】How long does the journey take and what is the best way to travel 【用法1】how long意为“多长时间;多长”，常用来提问一段时间(如three days, four weeks等)或询问长度。 ——How long did he stay here 他在这儿待了多久 ——How long is the river 这条河有多长 【辨析】how long与how often与how soon 1）how long意为“多长时间”，用来对时间段进行提问，它多用在现在完成时中，常见的答语有“for+时间段”以及由since构成的短语等。 ——How long have you been here 你在这里多久了 ——For about five years.大约五年了。 2）how often 意为“多久一次；多长时间一次”，用来对频率进行提问。常见答语有usually，sometimes，never等频度副词，以及once a week，twice a month等表示频率的短语。 ——How often do you visit your mother ——Once a week. 3）how soon意为“再过多久：还要多久”，多用在表示将来的句子中，用来对将来的某个时间段进行提问，答语为“in+时间段” ——How soon will he be back ——In an hour. 【用法2】way名词，意为“方式”。 ——The cheapest way to go to Beijing is by train. 【拓展】常见的关于way的短语： by the way顺便说；顺便问一下By the way, where is the post office on one's way to sp.在某人去某地的路上I met Kate on my way home.get in the way挡路Her social life got in the way of her studies.the way to....去…….的路Could you tell me the way to the museum
【对点练习5】（1）——___________ do you brush your teeth ——Twice a day. （2）——______________ will you stay there ——I will stay there for three days. 6.【课文原句】However, it will not cost as much as going by train. 【用法1】 however副词，意为“然而;但是”，可以位于句首、句中和句末。通常要用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。 ——He lives a hard life. However, he feels happy.他过着艰苦的生活，然而，他觉得幸福 but是并列连词，连接两个并列分句，上下两句在总的意义上构成了对比。常用于口语。I really don't like cheese, but I will try just a little this time.我实在是不喜欢吃奶酪，但是这次我要尝一点。however不能直接连接两个分句，必须另起新句，并用逗号隔开。比but用的场合更正式。It was raining hard. However, we went out to look for the boy. 雨下得很大，不过我们还是出去寻找那个男孩。
——My father knows that it is not good to smoke. However, he can't give up smoking.我的父亲知道吸烟不好。然而，他戒不了烟。 ——I called you, but you did not answer. 我给你打过电话，但你没接。 【用法2】cost与spend与pay与take 1）cost动词，意为“花费”，后接life, money, health, time等，侧重于“代价”。主语是物或事，一般有两个宾语，不用于被动语态。 ——The dictionary costs me five dollars. ——It costs me 10 dollars to go to New York by train. ——The computer costs three thousand yuan. ——The cost of living in big cities Is high.大 2）spend，主语是人，宾语是可以是时间、精力、金钱等，其后用on+名词；in（可省略）+动名词。 ——I spent two hours on this maths problem ——He spent a lot of money (in) buying a new house. 3）pay“支付，付款”，主语是人，宾语可以是人或钱。常与介词for连用。 ——We'll pay you in a few days. 4）take“花费”，It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多少时间。主语常用it，其中it是形式主义，真正的主语是其后的动词不定式。 ——It takes two hours to finish my homework. 【总结】 主语花费对象结构spend人时间 / 金钱sb. spend … in doing sth / on sth.pay人金钱sth. cost sb. …cost物金钱sb. pay for sth.take物（常用it）时间it takes / took sb. … to do sth.
The present cost me ninety yuan.=I spent ninety yuan buying the present.=I spent ninety yuan on the present.=I paid ninety yuan for the present.=It took me 30 ninety yuan to buy the present. 【对点练习6】（1）He _____________(cost / spent / paid / took) a lot of money for the house. （2）A new computer _________(costs / spends / pays /takes) a lot of money. （3）She _________(costs / spends / pays /takes) much money on clothes. （4）It ________ (cost / spent / paid / took) me two hours to finish the work. 7.【课文原句】It is the fastest and the second cheapest, but you may have to wait for hours at the airport because of bad weather. …但因为恶劣的天气你可能不得不在机场等数小时。 【用法】because of 是介词短语，意为“因为”，后接名词（短语）、代词或者动词ing形式作宾语。 ——I didn’t go to school yesterday because of illness.因为生病我昨天没有去上学。 【拓展】because of与because because连词，后接句子引导原因状语从句，常用于回答why引导的问句Because it rained, I couldn’t go there yesterday. 因为下雨，我昨天没去那里。because of短语介词，后接名词(短语)、代词或动词ing形式作宾语Because of the rain, I couldn’t go there yesterday. 因为下雨，我昨天没去那里。
——We didn't go to the beach because of the heavy rain.=We didn't go to the beach because it rained heavily.因为雨下得很大，所以我们没有去海滩。 【对点练习7】（1） It's ______________mountain in China. 它是中国第二高峰。 （2）He came back late ___________(because / because of) there was something wrong with his car. 8.【课文原句】How can I get to Beijing from here 【用法】get to与arrive at与arrive in与reach“到达”有四种说法： 1）get to+名词（后跟副词时不用to）We got to the cinema at 8:00 yesterday. 2）arrive in+大地方The famous singer arrived in Beijing yesterday. 3）arrive at+小地方You should arrive at school on time. 4）reach+名词When did your parents reach New York 【对点练习8】When did you _____ to Shanghai = When did you _______ Shanghai = When did you ______ in Shanghai 9.【课文原句】What happened 发生了什么 (教材第26页) 【用法】happen不及物动词，意为“发生;出现”。无被动语态 ——The story happened in1876.故事发生在1876年。 【拓展1】happen的常见用法 ——sth.+ happened+时间地点状语 某时某地发生了某事 ——happen to sb/sth. 某人/某物发生了某事 ——happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 ——It happens/happened that. 碰巧 ①A strange thing happened in the village.村子里发生了一件奇怪的事。 ②If anything happened to him, please let me know.万一他有什么不測，请通知我。 ③I happened to be out when he called.他打电话时我刚好出去了 ④It happened that I had no money on me.碰巧我身上没带钱。 【拓展2】happen与 take place (发生) ——Happen 强调某事发生的偶然性，take place表示事先安排或有准备的事情或活动发生 ——I hope nothing has happened to them，我希望他们没出事。 ——The meeting will take place at 8 a m. tomorrow. 会议将于明天上午8:00举行。 10.【课文原句】road accident道路交通事故 【用法】Accident 名词，意为“交通事故；意外事件”。表示“出事故”一般用have an accident. ——A car accident happened to her this morning.今天上午她发生了车祸。 【拓展】by accident偶然 ——I met her by accident yesterday.昨天我偶然遇到了她。 11.【课文原句】heavy形容词 ，“”沉重的” eg. Tom’s bag is very heavy. Tom的书包很沉重。 【用法】“很多的;大量的;严重的”，表示在数量、程度等方面超出一般。副词形式为 heavily。常用于雨雪下的大，交通严重（引申意即交通拥堵） ——It snowed/rained heavily this morning. So I was late because of the heavy snow/rain.今天早上雪/雨下得很大，所以因为这场大雪/大雨我迟到了。 ——We all hate the heavy traffic.我们都讨厌拥堵的交通。 12.【课文原句】choice 名词，意为”选择”。其动词形式为choose。 【用法】We are faced with a difficult choice. 我们面临着艰难的抉择。 【拓展】① make choices/ a choice表示“做出选择”。 ——I had to make a choice. 我必须做出选择。 ——It's important to help the students make choices.帮助学生做出选择是重要的。 ② have no choice but to do sth表示“除了做某事别无选择”。 ——I have no choice but to accept the fact.我别无选择，只能接受这个事实。 13.【课文原句】There’s so much traffic. 交通那么拥堵。（traffic n.交通 不可数名词） So much“如此多”，修饰不可数名词There is so much money in the bag.So many“如此多”，修饰可数名词复数So many students are waiting for the bus.
14.【课文原句】Don’t worry. 不用担心 【用法】worry about……担心… (worry v.) ——Don’t worry about us. 不用为我们担心。 ——We worried a lot about the bad weather.我们非常担心这坏天气 【拓展】be worried about…… 担心………( worried adj.) ——The girl was worried about her study.那个女孩担心她的学习。 15.【课文原句】far from=far away from 意为“远离”，from后接表示地点的名词或副词。 —— Mr Wang lives far from the station.王先生住的离车站远。 ——He lives the farthest from school, so he takes the understand.他住的离学校最远，因此他坐地铁。 16.【课文原句】close v.“关；关闭” 反义词：open“打开” 【用法1】adj.①“亲密的” a close friend 一个亲密的朋友 ②“（距离上）近的，接近的”=near,反义词是far，意为“远的，遥远的”，常用短语：be close to “离………近” be far from “离………远” 【用法2】adv.”接近；靠近；紧挨着” eg. I live close to school.我住的离学校近。 ——The two buildings are close togethe.两座建筑物相距很近。 ——My home is close to the zoo.我家离动物国近。 ——The bank is far from the station.银行离车站远。 17.【课文原句】be the same as…..和……一样 ——Oh, your skirt is the same as hers. 【用法】be different from 和……不同 ——My cousin’s bike is different from mine. 18.【课文原句】but it’s so crowded ! 但公共汽车太拥挤了！ 【用法】Crowded adj.拥挤的；人数过多的 常用短语：be crowded with “挤满了……” —— In spring this place is crowded with visitors.春天，这个地方挤满了游客。 【拓展】crowd n.人群；群众 the crowd群众；老百姓 crowds of people 许许多多的人 19.【课文原句】You can ride your bike to school， but remember to be careful all the time.你可以骑自行车去上学，但记着始终要小心。 【用法】all the time意为“一直;不断地”，相当于 always或the whole time。 ——Accidents like this happen all the time.此类事故经常发生。 ——I keep on writing articles all the time我一直在坚持写作。 【拓展】time的相关短语 In time及时 on time准时 ahead of time提前 at a time每次 from time to time有时;偶尔 20.【课文原句】plan v.计划；打算 plan to do sth 计划/打算做某事 ——They plan to visit Hong Kong this year.今年他们计划去香港旅行。 【用法】 n.计划；方案 make a plan 制定计划，后可接介词for，表示计划的对象。 ——It is necessary to make a plan for the summer vacation. 制定一个暑假计划是有必要的。 21.【课文原句】Could you please tell me about the trains or ships to get there 你能告诉我去那里的火车或轮船的信息吗？ 【用法】Colud you please do sth… 是一个表示表示请求的句型，意为“你能……吗”/请你……好吗”，语气非常委婉，相当于“Would you please do sth.. ”. 22.【课文原句】book n.书 ——Books are our good friends. 书籍是我们的好朋友。 【用法】book v.预订，其后接的宾语多是与住、行有关的ticket、room和hotel等词。 ——I booked a room of a hotel for my parents on the Internet.我在网上为父母预定了宾馆的房间。 23.【课文原句】Remember that parking in Amsterdam is very expensive, so stay outside the city centre and travel in by bus or by train..记住，在阿姆斯特丹停车很贵，因此住在市中心外面，坐公共汽车或火车去里面旅行。 【用法1】park作动词，意为“停放(车);泊(车)”，可作不及物动词也可作及物动词 ——Ben parked across the street.本把年停在了街对面。 ——Let＇s find a place to park our car.我们找个地方停车吧。 【拓展】park还可作名词，意为“公园”。 ——We went for a walk in the park.我们去公国散步了 【用法2】 outside此处作介词，意为“在…之外”。其反义词是 inside，意为在…里面”。 ——You can park your car outside our house.你可以把你的汽车停在我们房子的外面。 【拓展】①outside作名词时，意为“外面;外部”。 ——The outside of the house is very old.这座房子的外围很古老。 ②outside作副词时，意为“在外面;朝户外”。 ——Would you please wait outside 你在外面等一等好吗 24.【课文原句】动词不定式（短语）常位于名词、不定代词之后作定语。 —— I have many letters to write.我有许多信要写。 ——There is nothing to worry about.没什么可担心的。 【用法】in a hurry 匆忙；急忙 ——They left in a hurry.他们匆忙离开了。 25.【课文原句】somewhere else 别的某个地方 【用法】somewhere不定副词，意为“某处；在某处；到某处”。 ——I,'m not going home yet. I have to go somewhere else first.我还不准备回家，我必须先去其他某个地方 【拓展】与形容词连用时，形容词必须放在 somewhere之后。 ——The birds are flying somewhere warm.这些鸟正飞往暖和的地方 一、单项选择 ( )1. Most of my friends agreed to go to my birthday party _____ Tom. He said that he had to look after his sick sister. A. besides B. beside C. except D. except for ( )2. ——Where is Jenny ——I’m not sure. She _____ in the school library. A. maybe B. must be C. may be D. will be ( )3. Eric is not going to Nanjing by _____ plane. Instead, he is taking _____ train. A. /;a B. a;/ C. a; the D. the; a ( )4. ——How do you go to school —— On foot. Our school is _____ my house. A. different from B. far away C. close to ( )5. —— _____ does Jenny go to school every day —— By bike. A. How B .Why C. When D. What ( )6. Lots of football fans plan _____ the FIFA World Cup. A. to watch B. watches C. watching D. watched ( )7. The local community centre is open _____ Monday to Saturday. A. in B. from C. for D. on ( )8. —— ____ is it from the museum to the cinema ——About twenty minutes’ walk. A. How long B. How far C. How often D. How much ( )9. ——It takes me half an hour _____ playing the piano. How about you ——I usually spend 20 minutes _____ it. A. practicing; on B. to practice; in C. to practice; on D. practicing; in ( )10. ——What will the phone _____ ——The same as you said, eight hundred dollars each. A. spend B. cost C. pay D. afford 二、填空题 A)选择单词并填写正确形式 accident, cost, outside, underground, happen
1. I went to the market and bought some vegetables. They __________ me about fifty yuan. 2. A car __________ happened and the driver was badly hurt. 3. The teacher asked the boy to go out of the classroom and stand __________. 4. He lives the farthest from the company, so he takes the __________. 5. The story __________ in 1985. B)填写单词正确形式 1. He plans __________ (have) a picnic in the park next Sunday. 2. It is the __________ (two) largest city in China. 3. Billy looks upset. What happened to __________ (he) 4. His home is __________ (far) than your home. 5. There are so many people on the train. It’s __________ (crowd). Key words： 名词：road 路：（尤指）公路 accident 交通事故；意外事件 choice 选择 classmate 同班同学 journey 旅行；旅程 动词：book 预订 park 停放（车）；泊（车） 形容词：crowded 拥挤的；人数过多的 副词：however 然而；但是 介词：except 除……之外 兼类词：far adv.远；遥远 adj.远的；遥远的 close adj.（距离上）近的，接近的 adv.（距离上）接近地 outside prep.在……之外 adv.在外面；朝户外 n.外面；外部 adj.外部的；外表的 cost v.价钱为；花费 n.价钱；成本；代价 Key phrases： 1.take the bus 乘公共汽车 2.go to school 去上学 3.by taxi 乘出租车 4.what about…… ……怎么样 5.by bike 骑自行车 6.so much 如此多的 7.far from 远离 8.take the underground 乘地铁 9.be close to 离………近 10.the same as 和………一样 11.ride one’s bike 骑自行车 12.be careful 小心 13.all the time 一直；不断地 14.on one’s way to 在某人去……的路上 15.from……to……… 从………到……… 16.how long 多长时间 17.the best way to travel 旅行的最佳方式 18.by train 乘火车 19.by coach 乘长途汽车 20.a long time 很长时间 21.by car 乘小汽车 22.by ship 乘轮船 23.go across 穿越 24.book tickets 预订票 25.get crowded 变得拥挤 26.because of 因为 27.have a great trip 旅途愉快 28.in a hurry 匆忙 29.somewhere else 其他的某个地方 30.thanks for…… 感谢……… 31.plan to do sth. 计划做某事 32.by bike 乘自行车 Key sentences： 1、形容词、副词最高级句型 （1）It’s the most comfortable way, but it’s also the most expensive. （2）He lives the farthest from school… 2、谈论交通方式 （1）----How does Tony go to school ----…He takes the underground. （2）----And what about Lingling ----Her home is the closest to school, so she walks. （3）----How about Daming ----He goes by bus too…… （4）You can ride your bike to school, but remember to be careful all the time. 3、提建议的句型：Then what about going by bike 4、表示请求的句型：Could you please tell me about the trains and ships to get there 5、“It takes sb. some time to do sth” 句型：And it takes you about twelve hours to get there. 一、单选题 （ ）1．——Which month has _______ days in a year ——February. A．the most B．the longest C．the fewest D．the least （ ）2．——How long have the soldiers been in Yushu Town ——______. A．Since April,2010 B．More than a year ago C．In April,2010 D．Since more than a year （ ）3．Mo Yan is one of _____ writers in the world. A．famous B．more famous C．most famous D．the most famous （ ）4．I have two sisters，one is doctor and _________ is a teacher. A．the other B．the others C．another D．other. （ ）5．There isn't air ______ water on the moon. A．and B．but C．or D．so （ ）6．——How long ______ the film Avatar (《阿凡达》) ______？——For just several minutes. A．did; begin B．has; begun C．has; been on D．does; began （ ）7．He had to ______ $100 for that new 3D movie. A．take B．pay C．spend D．cost （ ）8．It takes me _________ to make this cake. A．a two and half hours B．half two hours C．two and a half hours D．two and half hours （ ）9．This dictionary is pretty cheap. The price of it is _________ of the four. A．the lowest B．much cheaper C．the cheapest D．much lower （ ）10．The book _________ me 20 yuan. A．spent B．took C．cost D．paid （ ）11．——How about going to school by boat，Li Lei？——Good idea. That must be _________ than taking a bus. A．interesting B．much interesting C．a lot more interesting D．more much interesting （ ）12．——Do you go to school _________ every day？——Yes，I often walk there. A．by bus B．by bike C．on foot D．on a bus （ ）13．——Can you tell me why you learn English so well ——It’s very simple. You work, grades you will get. A．The harder, the best B．The hard, the better C．Harder,better D．The harder,the better （ ）14．The pilot had to land the plane at an airport in another city _________ the snow. A．and B．because of C．because D．so （ ）15．The boy always wears _________ coat _________ his brother. A．the same；as B．a same；as C．the same；with D．a same；with （ ）16．——_________does your uncle live from here？ ——About 20 miles. A．How long B．How often C．Where D．How far （ ）17．Everybody went to the party _________ Mary. Mary stayed at home and looked after her sister. A．including B．over C．besides D．except （ ）18．——_________ does your journey take？——It's about two hours. A．How often B．How soon C．How far D．How long （ ）19．John ____his bike to go to work every morning. A．rides B．takes C．on （ ）20．When the winter comes，it gets ____. A．cold and cold B．colder and cold C．colder and colder （ ）21．I invited many friends to my birthday party ____Kate，because she is ill. A．except B．with C．through （ ）22．It takes _________ time by ship. A．many too B．too many C．much too D．too much （ ）23．——It’s so cold today. ——Yes, it’s colder than it was yesterday. A．some B．more C．very D．much （ ）24．Mary usually goes to school _________ her father's car. A．by B．with C．in D．on （ ）25．I don't know where Miss Zhang is. You'd better ask _________. A．someone else. B．else someone C．anyone else D．else anyone （ ）26．I usually go to school ________ bike,but sometimes I go to school _______ foot. A．with;on B．on;by C．on;with D．by;on （ ）27．My brother is younger than ____in our class. A．any students B．any other student C．any another student （ ）28．——There was thick haze（雾）in our city this spring. What do you think of it？ ——I think _________ cars we have，_________ pollution our city will have. A．the fewer；the fewer B．the more；the less C．the more；the fewer D．the fewer; the less （ ）29．——Tony is only shorter than Jim, right ——Yes, he is ________ student in his class. A．the second tallest B．the two tallest C．second tallest D．two tallest （ ）30．Li Ning lives farthest _________ the school. A．to. B．from C．away D．in 二、填空题：根据中文填写正确单词 1. Her home is __________ (更近的) to school than my home. 2. Traveling by plane is the __________ (最快的) way. 3. It is a good __________ (选择) to go out on such a beautiful day. 4. I went to the market and bought some vegetables. They __________ (花费) me about fifty yuan. 5. We all went to the party __________ (除了) Mike. He had to stay at home and prepared for the exam. 三、句型转换 1. It took him three hours to finish the work. (改为同义句) He __________ three hours __________ the work. 2. They go swimming once a week. (对画线部分提问) __________ __________ __________ they go swimming 3. Jerry went there by bus. (改为同义句) Jerry __________ __________ __________ to go there. 4. He often goes to school on foot. (改为同义句) He often __________ __________ school. 5. Tom goes to the library in a hurry. (改为同义句) Tom __________ __________ the library. 四、句子翻译 1. 旅游的最佳方式是什么 __________ __________ __________ __________ to travel 2. 我们的城市是世界上最安全的城市之一。 Our city is __________ __________ __________ __________ cities in the world. 3. 我每天乘公共汽车去上班大约要用30分钟。 It __________ me about 30 minutes __________ __________ to work by bus every day. 4. 谁住得离我们学校最远？ Who lives the __________ __________ our school 5. 你可以乘火车去北京。 You can go to Beijing __________ __________ __________.
辅导讲义
学员姓名： 年 级：初 二 课 时 数：
授课主题 外研版英语八年级上册module4 Planes, ships and trains形容词、副词最高级
教学目标 知识目标：掌握module4重点单词16个、重点短语10个及其拓展的知识点。 能力目标：提高学生对交通运输及交通工具的表达能力。 情感目标：提高学生的交通安全意识。
教学重难点 重点：灵活运用module4的重点单词、短语、句型 难点：通过课文内容记忆单词和短语，辨析易混淆单词、短语的用法
授课日期及时段 2023年 月 日
教学内容 模块4的基础知识点梳理 Key vocabulary： 1.road n. （尤指）公路，路 2.accident n. 交通事故；意外事件 3.except prep. 除…之外 4.choice n. 选择 5.classmate n. 同班同学 6.far adv. 远；遥远地；adj. 远的；遥远的 7.far from 远离 8.close adj.（距离上） 近点，接近的。（距离上）接近地 9.crowded adj. 拥挤的；人数过多的 10.all the time 一直；不断地 11.journey n. 旅行；旅程 12.book vt. 预订 13.park vt. 停放（车）；泊（车） 14.outside prep. 在…范围之外；adv. 在外面，向外面；. 外部；外面。adj. 外面的，外部的 15.however adv. 然而；但是 16.cost vt. 花费；价钱为。n. 费用，代价，成本 重点词句同步讲解 1.【课文原句】What happened 【用法】happen动词，意为“发生”。主要有以下用法： 表示“某地/某时发生了某事”常用“Sth.+happened+地点/时间状语”这一结构，此时主语应是事物。 ——The story happened in 2012. 表示“某人出了某事（常指不好的事）”常用“Sth. happened + to sb.”提问时常用“What happened to sb ”这一句型 ——An accident happened to her this morning. 【注意】happen一般指事件偶然“发生”，其主语不能用表示人的词语；如果表示事先安排或有准备的事件，则用take place。 【对点练习1】I wonder _________________ her. 我想知道她怎么了。 【答案】what happen to 2.【课文原句】But nobody was late, except me.但除了我没有人迟到。 【用法】except介词，意为“除…之外”，可用于句首。后面可接名词，代词，动词，副词，介词短语或从句等。常与all、every、no、nothing等词连用，所有、没有…除了…,除去的部分常常与整体是同类事物。 ——He answered all the questions except the last one. 【辨析】except，except for与besides都有“除....之外”的意思，但用法并不相同。 except“除了……之外”，表示“(从整体中)减去”。(前后事物是同类的)Nobody was late except me.除了我之外，没有人迟到。except for“除了”，说明整个基本情况之后，对细节加以纠正，常含有“美中不足”之意(前后事物是不同类的)Your composition is very good except for a few mistakes. 除了几处错误之外，你的作文非常好。besides“除了……之外(还有)”，包括 besides后面的宾语在内，表示“加上”。Besides being a singer, he is a great dancer. 他除了是位歌手，还是位优秀的舞蹈家。
——We all passed the exam except Tom. 除汤姆外，我们都通过了考试。 ——I have another blue pen besides this one. 除这支外，我还有另一支蓝色钢笔。 ——Her composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes.除几处拼写错误外，她的作文非常好。 【对点练习2】——All the workers went home yesterday______ Mr. White. Why ——Because he was on duty. A．except B．besides C．except for D．beside 【答案】根据答语可知Mr. White在值班，没有回家，所以要表示“除了……之外”，而不包括除了的部分，因此用except。 3.【课文原句】Maybe I should go to school by taxi. 【用法1】Maybe=perhaps=probably,副词，意为“大概；或许；可能”，在句中作状语。 ——Maybe you are right. —— Maybe Mr Miller will stay here for a week.或许我应该坐出租车去上学。 【辨析】may、maybe与may be may情态动词，“可以，可能”，may ＋动词原形I think it may rain this afternoon. 我想今天下午可能下雨。may bemay是情态动词，be是动词原形，意为“也许是、可能是”两者构成完整的谓语形式，与主语形成系表结构。He may be a teacher. 他可能是个老师。maybe副词，意思是“也许、可能”，在句中作状语， 相当于perhaps，常位于句首。Maybe she'll come this afternoon. 她可能今天下午来。
【用法2】by taxi“坐出租车”，是“by+交通工具名词”表示交通方式，表示交通工具的名词用单数形式，且其前不加冠词（a/an/the），用作方式状语。 ——by bus by plane by train by ship ——I often go to work by taxi. 【拓展1】by之后直接跟交通工具名词单数，by和交通工具名词之间不能有任何词。（by a train，by the plane，by my bike都是错误的）。但如果用动词take (乘, 坐), ride (骑), drive (乘车, 驾车)，交通工具名词前要有冠 词或其他修饰词，——take a train , take a plane , ride a bike , drive a car。 【辨析】by，on与in 1) 当交通工具前无限定词修饰时，介词只用by；当交通工具名词前有冠词或形容词性物主代词等限定词时，介词可用in，但不能用by。 ——by bus=in a bus; by train=in a train 2）“骑自行车”不用in而用on。 ——by bike=on a bike=on one’s bike 3）如果交通工具名词前有具体的钟点时间修饰，则介词用by或on皆可。 ——He will go on/by the 8 o’clock train. 【拓展2】①表示交通方式的常用结构 用介词表达by+交通工具名词in/on+限定词+交通工具名词用动词表达take+a/the+交通工具名词walk/ ride/fly/ drive.+to+地点
——I go to school by bike. =I go to school on my bike=I ride to school.我骑自行车去上学。 ②提问交通方式用how。 ——How are you going there 你们将怎么去那里 ——We’re going there by train.我们将坐火车去那里。 【对点练习3】（1） __________ he is at school. = He __________ at school. （2）We want to _____________ to New York. = We want to travel to New York ______train. 【答案】Maybe、May be；take a train、by 4.【课文原句】I am planning to travel from London to Amsterdam. 【用法1】plan及物动词，意为“计划，打算”，后常接名词、代名词或动词不定式做宾语。plan to do sth. 意为“计划/打算做某事”。 ——I've been planning this visit for months.（接名词） ——Where do you plan to spend your holiday （接动词不定式） ——He doesn't plan to go to Beijing on vacation. 【拓展】plan还可用作名词，意为“计划”。常用短语:make a plan for sth.意为“为....制订计划”，make a plan (to do sth.)“制订计划（做某事）”。 ——I'm making my studying plan. ——They made a new plan for the use of the time. 【用法2】from…to…固定搭配，意为“从....到....”，可以用来连接时间，也可以用来连接地点。 ——We are going to sail from Shanghai to Qingdao. ——How far is it from your office to the bank ——The meeting is from three to five o'clock. 【对点练习4】（1） I'm planning __________(buy) a new piano for my son. （2）I'll _________________ my holiday. 我要为我的假期做个计划。 （3）We work ____________________. 我们从早到晚工作。 【答案】to buy、make a plan for、from morning to night 5.【课文原句】How long does the journey take and what is the best way to travel 【用法1】how long意为“多长时间;多长”，常用来提问一段时间(如three days, four weeks等)或询问长度。 ——How long did he stay here 他在这儿待了多久 ——How long is the river 这条河有多长 【辨析】how long与how often与how soon 1）how long意为“多长时间”，用来对时间段进行提问，它多用在现在完成时中，常见的答语有“for+时间段”以及由since构成的短语等。 ——How long have you been here 你在这里多久了 ——For about five years.大约五年了。 2）how often 意为“多久一次；多长时间一次”，用来对频率进行提问。常见答语有usually，sometimes，never等频度副词，以及once a week，twice a month等表示频率的短语。 ——How often do you visit your mother ——Once a week. 3）how soon意为“再过多久：还要多久”，多用在表示将来的句子中，用来对将来的某个时间段进行提问，答语为“in+时间段” ——How soon will he be back ——In an hour. 【用法2】way名词，意为“方式”。 ——The cheapest way to go to Beijing is by train. 【拓展】常见的关于way的短语： by the way顺便说；顺便问一下By the way, where is the post office on one's way to sp.在某人去某地的路上I met Kate on my way home.get in the way挡路Her social life got in the way of her studies.the way to....去…….的路Could you tell me the way to the museum
【对点练习5】（1）——___________ do you brush your teeth ——Twice a day. （2）——______________ will you stay there ——I will stay there for three days. 【答案】How often、How long 6.【课文原句】However, it will not cost as much as going by train. 【用法1】 however副词，意为“然而;但是”，可以位于句首、句中和句末。通常要用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。 ——He lives a hard life. However, he feels happy.他过着艰苦的生活，然而，他觉得幸福 but是并列连词，连接两个并列分句，上下两句在总的意义上构成了对比。常用于口语。I really don't like cheese, but I will try just a little this time.我实在是不喜欢吃奶酪，但是这次我要尝一点。however不能直接连接两个分句，必须另起新句，并用逗号隔开。比but用的场合更正式。It was raining hard. However, we went out to look for the boy. 雨下得很大，不过我们还是出去寻找那个男孩。
——My father knows that it is not good to smoke. However, he can't give up smoking.我的父亲知道吸烟不好。然而，他戒不了烟。 ——I called you, but you did not answer. 我给你打过电话，但你没接。 【用法2】cost与spend与pay与take 1）cost动词，意为“花费”，后接life, money, health, time等，侧重于“代价”。主语是物或事，一般有两个宾语，不用于被动语态。 ——The dictionary costs me five dollars. ——It costs me 10 dollars to go to New York by train. ——The computer costs three thousand yuan. ——The cost of living in big cities Is high.大 2）spend，主语是人，宾语是可以是时间、精力、金钱等，其后用on+名词；in（可省略）+动名词。 ——I spent two hours on this maths problem ——He spent a lot of money (in) buying a new house. 3）pay“支付，付款”，主语是人，宾语可以是人或钱。常与介词for连用。 ——We'll pay you in a few days. 4）take“花费”，It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多少时间。主语常用it，其中it是形式主义，真正的主语是其后的动词不定式。 ——It takes two hours to finish my homework. 【总结】 主语花费对象结构spend人时间 / 金钱sb. spend … in doing sth / on sth.pay人金钱sth. cost sb. …cost物金钱sb. pay for sth.take物（常用it）时间it takes / took sb. … to do sth.
The present cost me ninety yuan.=I spent ninety yuan buying the present.=I spent ninety yuan on the present.=I paid ninety yuan for the present.=It took me 30 ninety yuan to buy the present. 【对点练习6】（1）He _____________(cost / spent / paid / took) a lot of money for the house. （2）A new computer _________(costs / spends / pays /takes) a lot of money. （3）She _________(costs / spends / pays /takes) much money on clothes. （4）It ________ (cost / spent / paid / took) me two hours to finish the work. 【答案】paid 、costs、spends 、took 7.【课文原句】It is the fastest and the second cheapest, but you may have to wait for hours at the airport because of bad weather. …但因为恶劣的天气你可能不得不在机场等数小时。 【用法】because of 是介词短语，意为“因为”，后接名词（短语）、代词或者动词ing形式作宾语。 ——I didn’t go to school yesterday because of illness.因为生病我昨天没有去上学。 【拓展】because of与because because连词，后接句子引导原因状语从句，常用于回答why引导的问句Because it rained, I couldn’t go there yesterday. 因为下雨，我昨天没去那里。because of短语介词，后接名词(短语)、代词或动词ing形式作宾语Because of the rain, I couldn’t go there yesterday. 因为下雨，我昨天没去那里。
——We didn't go to the beach because of the heavy rain.=We didn't go to the beach because it rained heavily.因为雨下得很大，所以我们没有去海滩。 【对点练习7】（1） It's ______________mountain in China. 它是中国第二高峰。 （2）He came back late ___________(because / because of) there was something wrong with his car. 【答案】the second highest、because 8.【课文原句】How can I get to Beijing from here 【用法】get to与arrive at与arrive in与reach“到达”有四种说法： 1）get to+名词（后跟副词时不用to）We got to the cinema at 8:00 yesterday. 2）arrive in+大地方The famous singer arrived in Beijing yesterday. 3）arrive at+小地方You should arrive at school on time. 4）reach+名词When did your parents reach New York 【对点练习8】When did you _____ to Shanghai = When did you _______ Shanghai = When did you ______ in Shanghai 【答案】get、reach、arrive 9.【课文原句】What happened 发生了什么 (教材第26页) 【用法】happen不及物动词，意为“发生;出现”。无被动语态 ——The story happened in1876.故事发生在1876年。 【拓展1】happen的常见用法 ——sth.+ happened+时间地点状语 某时某地发生了某事 ——happen to sb/sth. 某人/某物发生了某事 ——happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 ——It happens/happened that. 碰巧 ①A strange thing happened in the village.村子里发生了一件奇怪的事。 ②If anything happened to him, please let me know.万一他有什么不測，请通知我。 ③I happened to be out when he called.他打电话时我刚好出去了 ④It happened that I had no money on me.碰巧我身上没带钱。 【拓展2】happen与 take place (发生) ——Happen 强调某事发生的偶然性，take place表示事先安排或有准备的事情或活动发生 ——I hope nothing has happened to them，我希望他们没出事。 ——The meeting will take place at 8 a m. tomorrow. 会议将于明天上午8:00举行。 10.【课文原句】road accident道路交通事故 【用法】Accident 名词，意为“交通事故；意外事件”。表示“出事故”一般用have an accident. ——A car accident happened to her this morning.今天上午她发生了车祸。 【拓展】by accident偶然 ——I met her by accident yesterday.昨天我偶然遇到了她。 11.【课文原句】heavy形容词 ，“”沉重的” eg. Tom’s bag is very heavy. Tom的书包很沉重。 【用法】“很多的;大量的;严重的”，表示在数量、程度等方面超出一般。副词形式为 heavily。常用于雨雪下的大，交通严重（引申意即交通拥堵） ——It snowed/rained heavily this morning. So I was late because of the heavy snow/rain.今天早上雪/雨下得很大，所以因为这场大雪/大雨我迟到了。 ——We all hate the heavy traffic.我们都讨厌拥堵的交通。 12.【课文原句】choice 名词，意为”选择”。其动词形式为choose。 【用法】We are faced with a difficult choice. 我们面临着艰难的抉择。 【拓展】① make choices/ a choice表示“做出选择”。 ——I had to make a choice. 我必须做出选择。 ——It's important to help the students make choices.帮助学生做出选择是重要的。 ② have no choice but to do sth表示“除了做某事别无选择”。 ——I have no choice but to accept the fact.我别无选择，只能接受这个事实。 13.【课文原句】There’s so much traffic. 交通那么拥堵。（traffic n.交通 不可数名词） So much“如此多”，修饰不可数名词There is so much money in the bag.So many“如此多”，修饰可数名词复数So many students are waiting for the bus.
14.【课文原句】Don’t worry. 不用担心 【用法】worry about……担心… (worry v.) ——Don’t worry about us. 不用为我们担心。 ——We worried a lot about the bad weather.我们非常担心这坏天气 【拓展】be worried about…… 担心………( worried adj.) ——The girl was worried about her study.那个女孩担心她的学习。 15.【课文原句】far from=far away from 意为“远离”，from后接表示地点的名词或副词。 —— Mr Wang lives far from the station.王先生住的离车站远。 ——He lives the farthest from school, so he takes the understand.他住的离学校最远，因此他坐地铁。 16.【课文原句】close v.“关；关闭” 反义词：open“打开” 【用法1】adj.①“亲密的” a close friend 一个亲密的朋友 ②“（距离上）近的，接近的”=near,反义词是far，意为“远的，遥远的”，常用短语：be close to “离………近” be far from “离………远” 【用法2】adv.”接近；靠近；紧挨着” eg. I live close to school.我住的离学校近。 ——The two buildings are close togethe.两座建筑物相距很近。 ——My home is close to the zoo.我家离动物国近。 ——The bank is far from the station.银行离车站远。 17.【课文原句】be the same as…..和……一样 ——Oh, your skirt is the same as hers. 【用法】be different from 和……不同 ——My cousin’s bike is different from mine. 18.【课文原句】but it’s so crowded ! 但公共汽车太拥挤了！ 【用法】Crowded adj.拥挤的；人数过多的 常用短语：be crowded with “挤满了……” —— In spring this place is crowded with visitors.春天，这个地方挤满了游客。 【拓展】crowd n.人群；群众 the crowd群众；老百姓 crowds of people 许许多多的人 19.【课文原句】You can ride your bike to school， but remember to be careful all the time.你可以骑自行车去上学，但记着始终要小心。 【用法】all the time意为“一直;不断地”，相当于 always或the whole time。 ——Accidents like this happen all the time.此类事故经常发生。 ——I keep on writing articles all the time我一直在坚持写作。 【拓展】time的相关短语 In time及时 on time准时 ahead of time提前 at a time每次 from time to time有时;偶尔 20.【课文原句】plan v.计划；打算 plan to do sth 计划/打算做某事 ——They plan to visit Hong Kong this year.今年他们计划去香港旅行。 【用法】 n.计划；方案 make a plan 制定计划，后可接介词for，表示计划的对象。 ——It is necessary to make a plan for the summer vacation. 制定一个暑假计划是有必要的。 21.【课文原句】Could you please tell me about the trains or ships to get there 你能告诉我去那里的火车或轮船的信息吗？ 【用法】Colud you please do sth… 是一个表示表示请求的句型，意为“你能……吗”/请你……好吗”，语气非常委婉，相当于“Would you please do sth.. ”. 22.【课文原句】book n.书 ——Books are our good friends. 书籍是我们的好朋友。 【用法】book v.预订，其后接的宾语多是与住、行有关的ticket、room和hotel等词。 ——I booked a room of a hotel for my parents on the Internet.我在网上为父母预定了宾馆的房间。 23.【课文原句】Remember that parking in Amsterdam is very expensive, so stay outside the city centre and travel in by bus or by train..记住，在阿姆斯特丹停车很贵，因此住在市中心外面，坐公共汽车或火车去里面旅行。 【用法1】park作动词，意为“停放(车);泊(车)”，可作不及物动词也可作及物动词 ——Ben parked across the street.本把年停在了街对面。 ——Let＇s find a place to park our car.我们找个地方停车吧。 【拓展】park还可作名词，意为“公园”。 ——We went for a walk in the park.我们去公国散步了 【用法2】 outside此处作介词，意为“在…之外”。其反义词是 inside，意为在…里面”。 ——You can park your car outside our house.你可以把你的汽车停在我们房子的外面。 【拓展】①outside作名词时，意为“外面;外部”。 ——The outside of the house is very old.这座房子的外围很古老。 ②outside作副词时，意为“在外面;朝户外”。 ——Would you please wait outside 你在外面等一等好吗 24.【课文原句】动词不定式（短语）常位于名词、不定代词之后作定语。 —— I have many letters to write.我有许多信要写。 ——There is nothing to worry about.没什么可担心的。 【用法】in a hurry 匆忙；急忙 ——They left in a hurry.他们匆忙离开了。 25.【课文原句】somewhere else 别的某个地方 【用法】somewhere不定副词，意为“某处；在某处；到某处”。 ——I,'m not going home yet. I have to go somewhere else first.我还不准备回家，我必须先去其他某个地方 【拓展】与形容词连用时，形容词必须放在 somewhere之后。 ——The birds are flying somewhere warm.这些鸟正飞往暖和的地方 一、单项选择 ( )1. Most of my friends agreed to go to my birthday party _____ Tom. He said that he had to look after his sick sister. A. besides B. beside C. except D. except for ( )2. ——Where is Jenny ——I’m not sure. She _____ in the school library. A. maybe B. must be C. may be D. will be ( )3. Eric is not going to Nanjing by _____ plane. Instead, he is taking _____ train. A. /;a B. a;/ C. a; the D. the; a ( )4. ——How do you go to school —— On foot. Our school is _____ my house. A. different from B. far away C. close to ( )5. —— _____ does Jenny go to school every day —— By bike. A. How B .Why C. When D. What ( )6. Lots of football fans plan _____ the FIFA World Cup. A. to watch B. watches C. watching D. watched ( )7. The local community centre is open _____ Monday to Saturday. A. in B. from C. for D. on ( )8. —— ____ is it from the museum to the cinema ——About twenty minutes’ walk. A. How long B. How far C. How often D. How much ( )9. ——It takes me half an hour _____ playing the piano. How about you ——I usually spend 20 minutes _____ it. A. practicing; on B. to practice; in C. to practice; on D. practicing; in ( )10. ——What will the phone _____ ——The same as you said, eight hundred dollars each. A. spend B. cost C. pay D. afford 【答案】CCACA ABBCB CDABC 二、填空题 A)选择单词并填写正确形式 accident, cost, outside, underground, happen
1. I went to the market and bought some vegetables. They __________ me about fifty yuan. 2. A car __________ happened and the driver was badly hurt. 3. The teacher asked the boy to go out of the classroom and stand __________. 4. He lives the farthest from the company, so he takes the __________. 5. The story __________ in 1985. 【答案】cost, accident, outside, underground, happened B)填写单词正确形式 1. He plans __________ (have) a picnic in the park next Sunday. 2. It is the __________ (two) largest city in China. 3. Billy looks upset. What happened to __________ (he) 4. His home is __________ (far) than your home. 5. There are so many people on the train. It’s __________ (crowd). 【答案】to have, second, him, farther, crowded Key words： 名词：road 路：（尤指）公路 accident 交通事故；意外事件 choice 选择 classmate 同班同学 journey 旅行；旅程 动词：book 预订 park 停放（车）；泊（车） 形容词：crowded 拥挤的；人数过多的 副词：however 然而；但是 介词：except 除……之外 兼类词：far adv.远；遥远 adj.远的；遥远的 close adj.（距离上）近的，接近的 adv.（距离上）接近地 outside prep.在……之外 adv.在外面；朝户外 n.外面；外部 adj.外部的；外表的 cost v.价钱为；花费 n.价钱；成本；代价 Key phrases： 1.take the bus 乘公共汽车 2.go to school 去上学 3.by taxi 乘出租车 4.what about…… ……怎么样 5.by bike 骑自行车 6.so much 如此多的 7.far from 远离 8.take the underground 乘地铁 9.be close to 离………近 10.the same as 和………一样 11.ride one’s bike 骑自行车 12.be careful 小心 13.all the time 一直；不断地 14.on one’s way to 在某人去……的路上 15.from……to……… 从………到……… 16.how long 多长时间 17.the best way to travel 旅行的最佳方式 18.by train 乘火车 19.by coach 乘长途汽车 20.a long time 很长时间 21.by car 乘小汽车 22.by ship 乘轮船 23.go across 穿越 24.book tickets 预订票 25.get crowded 变得拥挤 26.because of 因为 27.have a great trip 旅途愉快 28.in a hurry 匆忙 29.somewhere else 其他的某个地方 30.thanks for…… 感谢……… 31.plan to do sth. 计划做某事 32.by bike 乘自行车 Key sentences： 1、形容词、副词最高级句型 （1）It’s the most comfortable way, but it’s also the most expensive. （2）He lives the farthest from school… 2、谈论交通方式 （1）----How does Tony go to school ----…He takes the underground. （2）----And what about Lingling ----Her home is the closest to school, so she walks. （3）----How about Daming ----He goes by bus too…… （4）You can ride your bike to school, but remember to be careful all the time. 3、提建议的句型：Then what about going by bike 4、表示请求的句型：Could you please tell me about the trains and ships to get there 5、“It takes sb. some time to do sth” 句型：And it takes you about twelve hours to get there. 一、单选题 （ ）1．——Which month has _______ days in a year ——February. A．the most B．the longest C．the fewest D．the least （ ）2．——How long have the soldiers been in Yushu Town ——______. A．Since April,2010 B．More than a year ago C．In April,2010 D．Since more than a year （ ）3．Mo Yan is one of _____ writers in the world. A．famous B．more famous C．most famous D．the most famous （ ）4．I have two sisters，one is doctor and _________ is a teacher. A．the other B．the others C．another D．other. （ ）5．There isn't air ______ water on the moon. A．and B．but C．or D．so （ ）6．——How long ______ the film Avatar (《阿凡达》) ______？——For just several minutes. A．did; begin B．has; begun C．has; been on D．does; began （ ）7．He had to ______ $100 for that new 3D movie. A．take B．pay C．spend D．cost （ ）8．It takes me _________ to make this cake. A．a two and half hours B．half two hours C．two and a half hours D．two and half hours （ ）9．This dictionary is pretty cheap. The price of it is _________ of the four. A．the lowest B．much cheaper C．the cheapest D．much lower （ ）10．The book _________ me 20 yuan. A．spent B．took C．cost D．paid （ ）11．——How about going to school by boat，Li Lei？——Good idea. That must be _________ than taking a bus. A．interesting B．much interesting C．a lot more interesting D．more much interesting （ ）12．——Do you go to school _________ every day？——Yes，I often walk there. A．by bus B．by bike C．on foot D．on a bus （ ）13．——Can you tell me why you learn English so well ——It’s very simple. You work, grades you will get. A．The harder, the best B．The hard, the better C．Harder,better D．The harder,the better （ ）14．The pilot had to land the plane at an airport in another city _________ the snow. A．and B．because of C．because D．so （ ）15．The boy always wears _________ coat _________ his brother. A．the same；as B．a same；as C．the same；with D．a same；with （ ）16．——_________does your uncle live from here？ ——About 20 miles. A．How long B．How often C．Where D．How far （ ）17．Everybody went to the party _________ Mary. Mary stayed at home and looked after her sister. A．including B．over C．besides D．except （ ）18．——_________ does your journey take？——It's about two hours. A．How often B．How soon C．How far D．How long （ ）19．John ____his bike to go to work every morning. A．rides B．takes C．on （ ）20．When the winter comes，it gets ____. A．cold and cold B．colder and cold C．colder and colder （ ）21．I invited many friends to my birthday party ____Kate，because she is ill. A．except B．with C．through （ ）22．It takes _________ time by ship. A．many too B．too many C．much too D．too much （ ）23．——It’s so cold today. ——Yes, it’s colder than it was yesterday. A．some B．more C．very D．much （ ）24．Mary usually goes to school _________ her father's car. A．by B．with C．in D．on （ ）25．I don't know where Miss Zhang is. You'd better ask _________. A．someone else. B．else someone C．anyone else D．else anyone （ ）26．I usually go to school ________ bike,but sometimes I go to school _______ foot. A．with;on B．on;by C．on;with D．by;on （ ）27．My brother is younger than ____in our class. A．any students B．any other student C．any another student （ ）28．——There was thick haze（雾）in our city this spring. What do you think of it？ ——I think _________ cars we have，_________ pollution our city will have. A．the fewer；the fewer B．the more；the less C．the more；the fewer D．the fewer; the less （ ）29．——Tony is only shorter than Jim, right ——Yes, he is ________ student in his class. A．the second tallest B．the two tallest C．second tallest D．two tallest （ ）30．Li Ning lives farthest _________ the school. A．to. B．from C．away D．in 【答案】1-5CADAC 6-10CBCAC 11-15CCDBA 16-20DDDAC 21-25ADDCA 26-30DBDAB 二、填空题：根据中文填写正确单词 1. Her home is __________ (更近的) to school than my home. 2. Traveling by plane is the __________ (最快的) way. 3. It is a good __________ (选择) to go out on such a beautiful day. 4. I went to the market and bought some vegetables. They __________ (花费) me about fifty yuan. 5. We all went to the party __________ (除了) Mike. He had to stay at home and prepared for the exam. 【答案】closer, fastest, choice, cost, except 三、句型转换 1. It took him three hours to finish the work. (改为同义句) He __________ three hours __________ the work. 2. They go swimming once a week. (对画线部分提问) __________ __________ __________ they go swimming 3. Jerry went there by bus. (改为同义句) Jerry __________ __________ __________ to go there. 4. He often goes to school on foot. (改为同义句) He often __________ __________ school. 5. Tom goes to the library in a hurry. (改为同义句) Tom __________ __________ the library. 【答案】1. spent; finishing 2. How often do 3. took a bus 4. walks to 5. hurries to 四、句子翻译 1. 旅游的最佳方式是什么 __________ __________ __________ __________ to travel 2. 我们的城市是世界上最安全的城市之一。 Our city is __________ __________ __________ __________ cities in the world. 3. 我每天乘公共汽车去上班大约要用30分钟。 It __________ me about 30 minutes __________ __________ to work by bus every day. 4. 谁住得离我们学校最远？ Who lives the __________ __________ our school 5. 你可以乘火车去北京。 You can go to Beijing __________ __________ __________. 【答案】1. What’s the best way 2. one of the safest 3. takes; to go 4. farthest from 5. on a train
学员姓名： 年 级：初 二 课 时 数：
授课主题 外研版英语八年级上册module4 Planes, ships and trains形容词、副词最高级
教学目标 知识目标：掌握module4重点单词16个、重点短语10个及其拓展的知识点。 能力目标：提高学生对交通运输及交通工具的表达能力。 情感目标：提高学生的交通安全意识。
教学重难点 重点：灵活运用module4的重点单词、短语、句型 难点：通过课文内容记忆单词和短语，辨析易混淆单词、短语的用法
授课日期及时段 2023年 月 日
教学内容 模块4的基础知识点梳理 Key vocabulary： 1.road n. （尤指）公路，路 2.accident n. 交通事故；意外事件 3.except prep. 除…之外 4.choice n. 选择 5.classmate n. 同班同学 6.far adv. 远；遥远地；adj. 远的；遥远的 7.far from 远离 8.close adj.（距离上） 近点，接近的。（距离上）接近地 9.crowded adj. 拥挤的；人数过多的 10.all the time 一直；不断地 11.journey n. 旅行；旅程 12.book vt. 预订 13.park vt. 停放（车）；泊（车） 14.outside prep. 在…范围之外；adv. 在外面，向外面；. 外部；外面。adj. 外面的，外部的 15.however adv. 然而；但是 16.cost vt. 花费；价钱为。n. 费用，代价，成本 重点词句同步讲解 1.【课文原句】What happened 【用法】happen动词，意为“发生”。主要有以下用法： 表示“某地/某时发生了某事”常用“Sth.+happened+地点/时间状语”这一结构，此时主语应是事物。 ——The story happened in 2012. 表示“某人出了某事（常指不好的事）”常用“Sth. happened + to sb.”提问时常用“What happened to sb ”这一句型 ——An accident happened to her this morning. 【注意】happen一般指事件偶然“发生”，其主语不能用表示人的词语；如果表示事先安排或有准备的事件，则用take place。 【对点练习1】I wonder _________________ her. 我想知道她怎么了。 2.【课文原句】But nobody was late, except me.但除了我没有人迟到。 【用法】except介词，意为“除…之外”，可用于句首。后面可接名词，代词，动词，副词，介词短语或从句等。常与all、every、no、nothing等词连用，所有、没有…除了…,除去的部分常常与整体是同类事物。 ——He answered all the questions except the last one. 【辨析】except，except for与besides都有“除....之外”的意思，但用法并不相同。 except“除了……之外”，表示“(从整体中)减去”。(前后事物是同类的)Nobody was late except me.除了我之外，没有人迟到。except for“除了”，说明整个基本情况之后，对细节加以纠正，常含有“美中不足”之意(前后事物是不同类的)Your composition is very good except for a few mistakes. 除了几处错误之外，你的作文非常好。besides“除了……之外(还有)”，包括 besides后面的宾语在内，表示“加上”。Besides being a singer, he is a great dancer. 他除了是位歌手，还是位优秀的舞蹈家。
——We all passed the exam except Tom. 除汤姆外，我们都通过了考试。 ——I have another blue pen besides this one. 除这支外，我还有另一支蓝色钢笔。 ——Her composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes.除几处拼写错误外，她的作文非常好。 【对点练习2】——All the workers went home yesterday______ Mr. White. Why ——Because he was on duty. A．except B．besides C．except for D．beside 3.【课文原句】Maybe I should go to school by taxi. 【用法1】Maybe=perhaps=probably,副词，意为“大概；或许；可能”，在句中作状语。 ——Maybe you are right. —— Maybe Mr Miller will stay here for a week.或许我应该坐出租车去上学。 【辨析】may、maybe与may be may情态动词，“可以，可能”，may ＋动词原形I think it may rain this afternoon. 我想今天下午可能下雨。may bemay是情态动词，be是动词原形，意为“也许是、可能是”两者构成完整的谓语形式，与主语形成系表结构。He may be a teacher. 他可能是个老师。maybe副词，意思是“也许、可能”，在句中作状语， 相当于perhaps，常位于句首。Maybe she'll come this afternoon. 她可能今天下午来。
【用法2】by taxi“坐出租车”，是“by+交通工具名词”表示交通方式，表示交通工具的名词用单数形式，且其前不加冠词（a/an/the），用作方式状语。 ——by bus by plane by train by ship ——I often go to work by taxi. 【拓展1】by之后直接跟交通工具名词单数，by和交通工具名词之间不能有任何词。（by a train，by the plane，by my bike都是错误的）。但如果用动词take (乘, 坐), ride (骑), drive (乘车, 驾车)，交通工具名词前要有冠 词或其他修饰词，——take a train , take a plane , ride a bike , drive a car。 【辨析】by，on与in 1) 当交通工具前无限定词修饰时，介词只用by；当交通工具名词前有冠词或形容词性物主代词等限定词时，介词可用in，但不能用by。 ——by bus=in a bus; by train=in a train 2）“骑自行车”不用in而用on。 ——by bike=on a bike=on one’s bike 3）如果交通工具名词前有具体的钟点时间修饰，则介词用by或on皆可。 ——He will go on/by the 8 o’clock train. 【拓展2】①表示交通方式的常用结构 用介词表达by+交通工具名词in/on+限定词+交通工具名词用动词表达take+a/the+交通工具名词walk/ ride/fly/ drive.+to+地点
——I go to school by bike. =I go to school on my bike=I ride to school.我骑自行车去上学。 ②提问交通方式用how。 ——How are you going there 你们将怎么去那里 ——We’re going there by train.我们将坐火车去那里。 【对点练习3】（1） __________ he is at school. = He __________ at school. （2）We want to _____________ to New York. = We want to travel to New York ______train. 4.【课文原句】I am planning to travel from London to Amsterdam. 【用法1】plan及物动词，意为“计划，打算”，后常接名词、代名词或动词不定式做宾语。plan to do sth. 意为“计划/打算做某事”。 ——I've been planning this visit for months.（接名词） ——Where do you plan to spend your holiday （接动词不定式） ——He doesn't plan to go to Beijing on vacation. 【拓展】plan还可用作名词，意为“计划”。常用短语:make a plan for sth.意为“为....制订计划”，make a plan (to do sth.)“制订计划（做某事）”。 ——I'm making my studying plan. ——They made a new plan for the use of the time. 【用法2】from…to…固定搭配，意为“从....到....”，可以用来连接时间，也可以用来连接地点。 ——We are going to sail from Shanghai to Qingdao. ——How far is it from your office to the bank ——The meeting is from three to five o'clock. 【对点练习4】（1） I'm planning __________(buy) a new piano for my son. （2）I'll _________________ my holiday. 我要为我的假期做个计划。 （3）We work ____________________. 我们从早到晚工作。 5.【课文原句】How long does the journey take and what is the best way to travel 【用法1】how long意为“多长时间;多长”，常用来提问一段时间(如three days, four weeks等)或询问长度。 ——How long did he stay here 他在这儿待了多久 ——How long is the river 这条河有多长 【辨析】how long与how often与how soon 1）how long意为“多长时间”，用来对时间段进行提问，它多用在现在完成时中，常见的答语有“for+时间段”以及由since构成的短语等。 ——How long have you been here 你在这里多久了 ——For about five years.大约五年了。 2）how often 意为“多久一次；多长时间一次”，用来对频率进行提问。常见答语有usually，sometimes，never等频度副词，以及once a week，twice a month等表示频率的短语。 ——How often do you visit your mother ——Once a week. 3）how soon意为“再过多久：还要多久”，多用在表示将来的句子中，用来对将来的某个时间段进行提问，答语为“in+时间段” ——How soon will he be back ——In an hour. 【用法2】way名词，意为“方式”。 ——The cheapest way to go to Beijing is by train. 【拓展】常见的关于way的短语： by the way顺便说；顺便问一下By the way, where is the post office on one's way to sp.在某人去某地的路上I met Kate on my way home.get in the way挡路Her social life got in the way of her studies.the way to....去…….的路Could you tell me the way to the museum
【对点练习5】（1）——___________ do you brush your teeth ——Twice a day. （2）——______________ will you stay there ——I will stay there for three days. 6.【课文原句】However, it will not cost as much as going by train. 【用法1】 however副词，意为“然而;但是”，可以位于句首、句中和句末。通常要用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。 ——He lives a hard life. However, he feels happy.他过着艰苦的生活，然而，他觉得幸福 but是并列连词，连接两个并列分句，上下两句在总的意义上构成了对比。常用于口语。I really don't like cheese, but I will try just a little this time.我实在是不喜欢吃奶酪，但是这次我要尝一点。however不能直接连接两个分句，必须另起新句，并用逗号隔开。比but用的场合更正式。It was raining hard. However, we went out to look for the boy. 雨下得很大，不过我们还是出去寻找那个男孩。
——My father knows that it is not good to smoke. However, he can't give up smoking.我的父亲知道吸烟不好。然而，他戒不了烟。 ——I called you, but you did not answer. 我给你打过电话，但你没接。 【用法2】cost与spend与pay与take 1）cost动词，意为“花费”，后接life, money, health, time等，侧重于“代价”。主语是物或事，一般有两个宾语，不用于被动语态。 ——The dictionary costs me five dollars. ——It costs me 10 dollars to go to New York by train. ——The computer costs three thousand yuan. ——The cost of living in big cities Is high.大 2）spend，主语是人，宾语是可以是时间、精力、金钱等，其后用on+名词；in（可省略）+动名词。 ——I spent two hours on this maths problem ——He spent a lot of money (in) buying a new house. 3）pay“支付，付款”，主语是人，宾语可以是人或钱。常与介词for连用。 ——We'll pay you in a few days. 4）take“花费”，It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多少时间。主语常用it，其中it是形式主义，真正的主语是其后的动词不定式。 ——It takes two hours to finish my homework. 【总结】 主语花费对象结构spend人时间 / 金钱sb. spend … in doing sth / on sth.pay人金钱sth. cost sb. …cost物金钱sb. pay for sth.take物（常用it）时间it takes / took sb. … to do sth.
The present cost me ninety yuan.=I spent ninety yuan buying the present.=I spent ninety yuan on the present.=I paid ninety yuan for the present.=It took me 30 ninety yuan to buy the present. 【对点练习6】（1）He _____________(cost / spent / paid / took) a lot of money for the house. （2）A new computer _________(costs / spends / pays /takes) a lot of money. （3）She _________(costs / spends / pays /takes) much money on clothes. （4）It ________ (cost / spent / paid / took) me two hours to finish the work. 7.【课文原句】It is the fastest and the second cheapest, but you may have to wait for hours at the airport because of bad weather. …但因为恶劣的天气你可能不得不在机场等数小时。 【用法】because of 是介词短语，意为“因为”，后接名词（短语）、代词或者动词ing形式作宾语。 ——I didn’t go to school yesterday because of illness.因为生病我昨天没有去上学。 【拓展】because of与because because连词，后接句子引导原因状语从句，常用于回答why引导的问句Because it rained, I couldn’t go there yesterday. 因为下雨，我昨天没去那里。because of短语介词，后接名词(短语)、代词或动词ing形式作宾语Because of the rain, I couldn’t go there yesterday. 因为下雨，我昨天没去那里。
——We didn't go to the beach because of the heavy rain.=We didn't go to the beach because it rained heavily.因为雨下得很大，所以我们没有去海滩。 【对点练习7】（1） It's ______________mountain in China. 它是中国第二高峰。 （2）He came back late ___________(because / because of) there was something wrong with his car. 8.【课文原句】How can I get to Beijing from here 【用法】get to与arrive at与arrive in与reach“到达”有四种说法： 1）get to+名词（后跟副词时不用to）We got to the cinema at 8:00 yesterday. 2）arrive in+大地方The famous singer arrived in Beijing yesterday. 3）arrive at+小地方You should arrive at school on time. 4）reach+名词When did your parents reach New York 【对点练习8】When did you _____ to Shanghai = When did you _______ Shanghai = When did you ______ in Shanghai 9.【课文原句】What happened 发生了什么 (教材第26页) 【用法】happen不及物动词，意为“发生;出现”。无被动语态 ——The story happened in1876.故事发生在1876年。 【拓展1】happen的常见用法 ——sth.+ happened+时间地点状语 某时某地发生了某事 ——happen to sb/sth. 某人/某物发生了某事 ——happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 ——It happens/happened that. 碰巧 ①A strange thing happened in the village.村子里发生了一件奇怪的事。 ②If anything happened to him, please let me know.万一他有什么不測，请通知我。 ③I happened to be out when he called.他打电话时我刚好出去了 ④It happened that I had no money on me.碰巧我身上没带钱。 【拓展2】happen与 take place (发生) ——Happen 强调某事发生的偶然性，take place表示事先安排或有准备的事情或活动发生 ——I hope nothing has happened to them，我希望他们没出事。 ——The meeting will take place at 8 a m. tomorrow. 会议将于明天上午8:00举行。 10.【课文原句】road accident道路交通事故 【用法】Accident 名词，意为“交通事故；意外事件”。表示“出事故”一般用have an accident. ——A car accident happened to her this morning.今天上午她发生了车祸。 【拓展】by accident偶然 ——I met her by accident yesterday.昨天我偶然遇到了她。 11.【课文原句】heavy形容词 ，“”沉重的” eg. Tom’s bag is very heavy. Tom的书包很沉重。 【用法】“很多的;大量的;严重的”，表示在数量、程度等方面超出一般。副词形式为 heavily。常用于雨雪下的大，交通严重（引申意即交通拥堵） ——It snowed/rained heavily this morning. So I was late because of the heavy snow/rain.今天早上雪/雨下得很大，所以因为这场大雪/大雨我迟到了。 ——We all hate the heavy traffic.我们都讨厌拥堵的交通。 12.【课文原句】choice 名词，意为”选择”。其动词形式为choose。 【用法】We are faced with a difficult choice. 我们面临着艰难的抉择。 【拓展】① make choices/ a choice表示“做出选择”。 ——I had to make a choice. 我必须做出选择。 ——It's important to help the students make choices.帮助学生做出选择是重要的。 ② have no choice but to do sth表示“除了做某事别无选择”。 ——I have no choice but to accept the fact.我别无选择，只能接受这个事实。 13.【课文原句】There’s so much traffic. 交通那么拥堵。（traffic n.交通 不可数名词） So much“如此多”，修饰不可数名词There is so much money in the bag.So many“如此多”，修饰可数名词复数So many students are waiting for the bus.
14.【课文原句】Don’t worry. 不用担心 【用法】worry about……担心… (worry v.) ——Don’t worry about us. 不用为我们担心。 ——We worried a lot about the bad weather.我们非常担心这坏天气 【拓展】be worried about…… 担心………( worried adj.) ——The girl was worried about her study.那个女孩担心她的学习。 15.【课文原句】far from=far away from 意为“远离”，from后接表示地点的名词或副词。 —— Mr Wang lives far from the station.王先生住的离车站远。 ——He lives the farthest from school, so he takes the understand.他住的离学校最远，因此他坐地铁。 16.【课文原句】close v.“关；关闭” 反义词：open“打开” 【用法1】adj.①“亲密的” a close friend 一个亲密的朋友 ②“（距离上）近的，接近的”=near,反义词是far，意为“远的，遥远的”，常用短语：be close to “离………近” be far from “离………远” 【用法2】adv.”接近；靠近；紧挨着” eg. I live close to school.我住的离学校近。 ——The two buildings are close togethe.两座建筑物相距很近。 ——My home is close to the zoo.我家离动物国近。 ——The bank is far from the station.银行离车站远。 17.【课文原句】be the same as…..和……一样 ——Oh, your skirt is the same as hers. 【用法】be different from 和……不同 ——My cousin’s bike is different from mine. 18.【课文原句】but it’s so crowded ! 但公共汽车太拥挤了！ 【用法】Crowded adj.拥挤的；人数过多的 常用短语：be crowded with “挤满了……” —— In spring this place is crowded with visitors.春天，这个地方挤满了游客。 【拓展】crowd n.人群；群众 the crowd群众；老百姓 crowds of people 许许多多的人 19.【课文原句】You can ride your bike to school， but remember to be careful all the time.你可以骑自行车去上学，但记着始终要小心。 【用法】all the time意为“一直;不断地”，相当于 always或the whole time。 ——Accidents like this happen all the time.此类事故经常发生。 ——I keep on writing articles all the time我一直在坚持写作。 【拓展】time的相关短语 In time及时 on time准时 ahead of time提前 at a time每次 from time to time有时;偶尔 20.【课文原句】plan v.计划；打算 plan to do sth 计划/打算做某事 ——They plan to visit Hong Kong this year.今年他们计划去香港旅行。 【用法】 n.计划；方案 make a plan 制定计划，后可接介词for，表示计划的对象。 ——It is necessary to make a plan for the summer vacation. 制定一个暑假计划是有必要的。 21.【课文原句】Could you please tell me about the trains or ships to get there 你能告诉我去那里的火车或轮船的信息吗？ 【用法】Colud you please do sth… 是一个表示表示请求的句型，意为“你能……吗”/请你……好吗”，语气非常委婉，相当于“Would you please do sth.. ”. 22.【课文原句】book n.书 ——Books are our good friends. 书籍是我们的好朋友。 【用法】book v.预订，其后接的宾语多是与住、行有关的ticket、room和hotel等词。 ——I booked a room of a hotel for my parents on the Internet.我在网上为父母预定了宾馆的房间。 23.【课文原句】Remember that parking in Amsterdam is very expensive, so stay outside the city centre and travel in by bus or by train..记住，在阿姆斯特丹停车很贵，因此住在市中心外面，坐公共汽车或火车去里面旅行。 【用法1】park作动词，意为“停放(车);泊(车)”，可作不及物动词也可作及物动词 ——Ben parked across the street.本把年停在了街对面。 ——Let＇s find a place to park our car.我们找个地方停车吧。 【拓展】park还可作名词，意为“公园”。 ——We went for a walk in the park.我们去公国散步了 【用法2】 outside此处作介词，意为“在…之外”。其反义词是 inside，意为在…里面”。 ——You can park your car outside our house.你可以把你的汽车停在我们房子的外面。 【拓展】①outside作名词时，意为“外面;外部”。 ——The outside of the house is very old.这座房子的外围很古老。 ②outside作副词时，意为“在外面;朝户外”。 ——Would you please wait outside 你在外面等一等好吗 24.【课文原句】动词不定式（短语）常位于名词、不定代词之后作定语。 —— I have many letters to write.我有许多信要写。 ——There is nothing to worry about.没什么可担心的。 【用法】in a hurry 匆忙；急忙 ——They left in a hurry.他们匆忙离开了。 25.【课文原句】somewhere else 别的某个地方 【用法】somewhere不定副词，意为“某处；在某处；到某处”。 ——I,'m not going home yet. I have to go somewhere else first.我还不准备回家，我必须先去其他某个地方 【拓展】与形容词连用时，形容词必须放在 somewhere之后。 ——The birds are flying somewhere warm.这些鸟正飞往暖和的地方 一、单项选择 ( )1. Most of my friends agreed to go to my birthday party _____ Tom. He said that he had to look after his sick sister. A. besides B. beside C. except D. except for ( )2. ——Where is Jenny ——I’m not sure. She _____ in the school library. A. maybe B. must be C. may be D. will be ( )3. Eric is not going to Nanjing by _____ plane. Instead, he is taking _____ train. A. /;a B. a;/ C. a; the D. the; a ( )4. ——How do you go to school —— On foot. Our school is _____ my house. A. different from B. far away C. close to ( )5. —— _____ does Jenny go to school every day —— By bike. A. How B .Why C. When D. What ( )6. Lots of football fans plan _____ the FIFA World Cup. A. to watch B. watches C. watching D. watched ( )7. The local community centre is open _____ Monday to Saturday. A. in B. from C. for D. on ( )8. —— ____ is it from the museum to the cinema ——About twenty minutes’ walk. A. How long B. How far C. How often D. How much ( )9. ——It takes me half an hour _____ playing the piano. How about you ——I usually spend 20 minutes _____ it. A. practicing; on B. to practice; in C. to practice; on D. practicing; in ( )10. ——What will the phone _____ ——The same as you said, eight hundred dollars each. A. spend B. cost C. pay D. afford 二、填空题 A)选择单词并填写正确形式 accident, cost, outside, underground, happen
1. I went to the market and bought some vegetables. They __________ me about fifty yuan. 2. A car __________ happened and the driver was badly hurt. 3. The teacher asked the boy to go out of the classroom and stand __________. 4. He lives the farthest from the company, so he takes the __________. 5. The story __________ in 1985. B)填写单词正确形式 1. He plans __________ (have) a picnic in the park next Sunday. 2. It is the __________ (two) largest city in China. 3. Billy looks upset. What happened to __________ (he) 4. His home is __________ (far) than your home. 5. There are so many people on the train. It’s __________ (crowd). Key words： 名词：road 路：（尤指）公路 accident 交通事故；意外事件 choice 选择 classmate 同班同学 journey 旅行；旅程 动词：book 预订 park 停放（车）；泊（车） 形容词：crowded 拥挤的；人数过多的 副词：however 然而；但是 介词：except 除……之外 兼类词：far adv.远；遥远 adj.远的；遥远的 close adj.（距离上）近的，接近的 adv.（距离上）接近地 outside prep.在……之外 adv.在外面；朝户外 n.外面；外部 adj.外部的；外表的 cost v.价钱为；花费 n.价钱；成本；代价 Key phrases： 1.take the bus 乘公共汽车 2.go to school 去上学 3.by taxi 乘出租车 4.what about…… ……怎么样 5.by bike 骑自行车 6.so much 如此多的 7.far from 远离 8.take the underground 乘地铁 9.be close to 离………近 10.the same as 和………一样 11.ride one’s bike 骑自行车 12.be careful 小心 13.all the time 一直；不断地 14.on one’s way to 在某人去……的路上 15.from……to……… 从………到……… 16.how long 多长时间 17.the best way to travel 旅行的最佳方式 18.by train 乘火车 19.by coach 乘长途汽车 20.a long time 很长时间 21.by car 乘小汽车 22.by ship 乘轮船 23.go across 穿越 24.book tickets 预订票 25.get crowded 变得拥挤 26.because of 因为 27.have a great trip 旅途愉快 28.in a hurry 匆忙 29.somewhere else 其他的某个地方 30.thanks for…… 感谢……… 31.plan to do sth. 计划做某事 32.by bike 乘自行车 Key sentences： 1、形容词、副词最高级句型 （1）It’s the most comfortable way, but it’s also the most expensive. （2）He lives the farthest from school… 2、谈论交通方式 （1）----How does Tony go to school ----…He takes the underground. （2）----And what about Lingling ----Her home is the closest to school, so she walks. （3）----How about Daming ----He goes by bus too…… （4）You can ride your bike to school, but remember to be careful all the time. 3、提建议的句型：Then what about going by bike 4、表示请求的句型：Could you please tell me about the trains and ships to get there 5、“It takes sb. some time to do sth” 句型：And it takes you about twelve hours to get there. 一、单选题 （ ）1．——Which month has _______ days in a year ——February. A．the most B．the longest C．the fewest D．the least （ ）2．——How long have the soldiers been in Yushu Town ——______. A．Since April,2010 B．More than a year ago C．In April,2010 D．Since more than a year （ ）3．Mo Yan is one of _____ writers in the world. A．famous B．more famous C．most famous D．the most famous （ ）4．I have two sisters，one is doctor and _________ is a teacher. A．the other B．the others C．another D．other. （ ）5．There isn't air ______ water on the moon. A．and B．but C．or D．so （ ）6．——How long ______ the film Avatar (《阿凡达》) ______？——For just several minutes. A．did; begin B．has; begun C．has; been on D．does; began （ ）7．He had to ______ $100 for that new 3D movie. A．take B．pay C．spend D．cost （ ）8．It takes me _________ to make this cake. A．a two and half hours B．half two hours C．two and a half hours D．two and half hours （ ）9．This dictionary is pretty cheap. The price of it is _________ of the four. A．the lowest B．much cheaper C．the cheapest D．much lower （ ）10．The book _________ me 20 yuan. A．spent B．took C．cost D．paid （ ）11．——How about going to school by boat，Li Lei？——Good idea. That must be _________ than taking a bus. A．interesting B．much interesting C．a lot more interesting D．more much interesting （ ）12．——Do you go to school _________ every day？——Yes，I often walk there. A．by bus B．by bike C．on foot D．on a bus （ ）13．——Can you tell me why you learn English so well ——It’s very simple. You work, grades you will get. A．The harder, the best B．The hard, the better C．Harder,better D．The harder,the better （ ）14．The pilot had to land the plane at an airport in another city _________ the snow. A．and B．because of C．because D．so （ ）15．The boy always wears _________ coat _________ his brother. A．the same；as B．a same；as C．the same；with D．a same；with （ ）16．——_________does your uncle live from here？ ——About 20 miles. A．How long B．How often C．Where D．How far （ ）17．Everybody went to the party _________ Mary. Mary stayed at home and looked after her sister. A．including B．over C．besides D．except （ ）18．——_________ does your journey take？——It's about two hours. A．How often B．How soon C．How far D．How long （ ）19．John ____his bike to go to work every morning. A．rides B．takes C．on （ ）20．When the winter comes，it gets ____. A．cold and cold B．colder and cold C．colder and colder （ ）21．I invited many friends to my birthday party ____Kate，because she is ill. A．except B．with C．through （ ）22．It takes _________ time by ship. A．many too B．too many C．much too D．too much （ ）23．——It’s so cold today. ——Yes, it’s colder than it was yesterday. A．some B．more C．very D．much （ ）24．Mary usually goes to school _________ her father's car. A．by B．with C．in D．on （ ）25．I don't know where Miss Zhang is. You'd better ask _________. A．someone else. B．else someone C．anyone else D．else anyone （ ）26．I usually go to school ________ bike,but sometimes I go to school _______ foot. A．with;on B．on;by C．on;with D．by;on （ ）27．My brother is younger than ____in our class. A．any students B．any other student C．any another student （ ）28．——There was thick haze（雾）in our city this spring. What do you think of it？ ——I think _________ cars we have，_________ pollution our city will have. A．the fewer；the fewer B．the more；the less C．the more；the fewer D．the fewer; the less （ ）29．——Tony is only shorter than Jim, right ——Yes, he is ________ student in his class. A．the second tallest B．the two tallest C．second tallest D．two tallest （ ）30．Li Ning lives farthest _________ the school. A．to. B．from C．away D．in 二、填空题：根据中文填写正确单词 1. Her home is __________ (更近的) to school than my home. 2. Traveling by plane is the __________ (最快的) way. 3. It is a good __________ (选择) to go out on such a beautiful day. 4. I went to the market and bought some vegetables. They __________ (花费) me about fifty yuan. 5. We all went to the party __________ (除了) Mike. He had to stay at home and prepared for the exam. 三、句型转换 1. It took him three hours to finish the work. (改为同义句) He __________ three hours __________ the work. 2. They go swimming once a week. (对画线部分提问) __________ __________ __________ they go swimming 3. Jerry went there by bus. (改为同义句) Jerry __________ __________ __________ to go there. 4. He often goes to school on foot. (改为同义句) He often __________ __________ school. 5. Tom goes to the library in a hurry. (改为同义句) Tom __________ __________ the library. 四、句子翻译 1. 旅游的最佳方式是什么 __________ __________ __________ __________ to travel 2. 我们的城市是世界上最安全的城市之一。 Our city is __________ __________ __________ __________ cities in the world. 3. 我每天乘公共汽车去上班大约要用30分钟。 It __________ me about 30 minutes __________ __________ to work by bus every day. 4. 谁住得离我们学校最远？ Who lives the __________ __________ our school 5. 你可以乘火车去北京。 You can go to Beijing __________ __________ __________.
辅导讲义
学员姓名： 年 级：初 二 课 时 数：
授课主题 外研版英语八年级上册module4 Planes, ships and trains形容词、副词最高级
教学目标 知识目标：掌握module4重点单词16个、重点短语10个及其拓展的知识点。 能力目标：提高学生对交通运输及交通工具的表达能力。 情感目标：提高学生的交通安全意识。
教学重难点 重点：灵活运用module4的重点单词、短语、句型 难点：通过课文内容记忆单词和短语，辨析易混淆单词、短语的用法
授课日期及时段 2023年 月 日
教学内容 模块4的基础知识点梳理 Key vocabulary： 1.road n. （尤指）公路，路 2.accident n. 交通事故；意外事件 3.except prep. 除…之外 4.choice n. 选择 5.classmate n. 同班同学 6.far adv. 远；遥远地；adj. 远的；遥远的 7.far from 远离 8.close adj.（距离上） 近点，接近的。（距离上）接近地 9.crowded adj. 拥挤的；人数过多的 10.all the time 一直；不断地 11.journey n. 旅行；旅程 12.book vt. 预订 13.park vt. 停放（车）；泊（车） 14.outside prep. 在…范围之外；adv. 在外面，向外面；. 外部；外面。adj. 外面的，外部的 15.however adv. 然而；但是 16.cost vt. 花费；价钱为。n. 费用，代价，成本 重点词句同步讲解 1.【课文原句】What happened 【用法】happen动词，意为“发生”。主要有以下用法： 表示“某地/某时发生了某事”常用“Sth.+happened+地点/时间状语”这一结构，此时主语应是事物。 ——The story happened in 2012. 表示“某人出了某事（常指不好的事）”常用“Sth. happened + to sb.”提问时常用“What happened to sb ”这一句型 ——An accident happened to her this morning. 【注意】happen一般指事件偶然“发生”，其主语不能用表示人的词语；如果表示事先安排或有准备的事件，则用take place。 【对点练习1】I wonder _________________ her. 我想知道她怎么了。 【答案】what happen to 2.【课文原句】But nobody was late, except me.但除了我没有人迟到。 【用法】except介词，意为“除…之外”，可用于句首。后面可接名词，代词，动词，副词，介词短语或从句等。常与all、every、no、nothing等词连用，所有、没有…除了…,除去的部分常常与整体是同类事物。 ——He answered all the questions except the last one. 【辨析】except，except for与besides都有“除....之外”的意思，但用法并不相同。 except“除了……之外”，表示“(从整体中)减去”。(前后事物是同类的)Nobody was late except me.除了我之外，没有人迟到。except for“除了”，说明整个基本情况之后，对细节加以纠正，常含有“美中不足”之意(前后事物是不同类的)Your composition is very good except for a few mistakes. 除了几处错误之外，你的作文非常好。besides“除了……之外(还有)”，包括 besides后面的宾语在内，表示“加上”。Besides being a singer, he is a great dancer. 他除了是位歌手，还是位优秀的舞蹈家。
——We all passed the exam except Tom. 除汤姆外，我们都通过了考试。 ——I have another blue pen besides this one. 除这支外，我还有另一支蓝色钢笔。 ——Her composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes.除几处拼写错误外，她的作文非常好。 【对点练习2】——All the workers went home yesterday______ Mr. White. Why ——Because he was on duty. A．except B．besides C．except for D．beside 【答案】根据答语可知Mr. White在值班，没有回家，所以要表示“除了……之外”，而不包括除了的部分，因此用except。 3.【课文原句】Maybe I should go to school by taxi. 【用法1】Maybe=perhaps=probably,副词，意为“大概；或许；可能”，在句中作状语。 ——Maybe you are right. —— Maybe Mr Miller will stay here for a week.或许我应该坐出租车去上学。 【辨析】may、maybe与may be may情态动词，“可以，可能”，may ＋动词原形I think it may rain this afternoon. 我想今天下午可能下雨。may bemay是情态动词，be是动词原形，意为“也许是、可能是”两者构成完整的谓语形式，与主语形成系表结构。He may be a teacher. 他可能是个老师。maybe副词，意思是“也许、可能”，在句中作状语， 相当于perhaps，常位于句首。Maybe she'll come this afternoon. 她可能今天下午来。
【用法2】by taxi“坐出租车”，是“by+交通工具名词”表示交通方式，表示交通工具的名词用单数形式，且其前不加冠词（a/an/the），用作方式状语。 ——by bus by plane by train by ship ——I often go to work by taxi. 【拓展1】by之后直接跟交通工具名词单数，by和交通工具名词之间不能有任何词。（by a train，by the plane，by my bike都是错误的）。但如果用动词take (乘, 坐), ride (骑), drive (乘车, 驾车)，交通工具名词前要有冠 词或其他修饰词，——take a train , take a plane , ride a bike , drive a car。 【辨析】by，on与in 1) 当交通工具前无限定词修饰时，介词只用by；当交通工具名词前有冠词或形容词性物主代词等限定词时，介词可用in，但不能用by。 ——by bus=in a bus; by train=in a train 2）“骑自行车”不用in而用on。 ——by bike=on a bike=on one’s bike 3）如果交通工具名词前有具体的钟点时间修饰，则介词用by或on皆可。 ——He will go on/by the 8 o’clock train. 【拓展2】①表示交通方式的常用结构 用介词表达by+交通工具名词in/on+限定词+交通工具名词用动词表达take+a/the+交通工具名词walk/ ride/fly/ drive.+to+地点
——I go to school by bike. =I go to school on my bike=I ride to school.我骑自行车去上学。 ②提问交通方式用how。 ——How are you going there 你们将怎么去那里 ——We’re going there by train.我们将坐火车去那里。 【对点练习3】（1） __________ he is at school. = He __________ at school. （2）We want to _____________ to New York. = We want to travel to New York ______train. 【答案】Maybe、May be；take a train、by 4.【课文原句】I am planning to travel from London to Amsterdam. 【用法1】plan及物动词，意为“计划，打算”，后常接名词、代名词或动词不定式做宾语。plan to do sth. 意为“计划/打算做某事”。 ——I've been planning this visit for months.（接名词） ——Where do you plan to spend your holiday （接动词不定式） ——He doesn't plan to go to Beijing on vacation. 【拓展】plan还可用作名词，意为“计划”。常用短语:make a plan for sth.意为“为....制订计划”，make a plan (to do sth.)“制订计划（做某事）”。 ——I'm making my studying plan. ——They made a new plan for the use of the time. 【用法2】from…to…固定搭配，意为“从....到....”，可以用来连接时间，也可以用来连接地点。 ——We are going to sail from Shanghai to Qingdao. ——How far is it from your office to the bank ——The meeting is from three to five o'clock. 【对点练习4】（1） I'm planning __________(buy) a new piano for my son. （2）I'll _________________ my holiday. 我要为我的假期做个计划。 （3）We work ____________________. 我们从早到晚工作。 【答案】to buy、make a plan for、from morning to night 5.【课文原句】How long does the journey take and what is the best way to travel 【用法1】how long意为“多长时间;多长”，常用来提问一段时间(如three days, four weeks等)或询问长度。 ——How long did he stay here 他在这儿待了多久 ——How long is the river 这条河有多长 【辨析】how long与how often与how soon 1）how long意为“多长时间”，用来对时间段进行提问，它多用在现在完成时中，常见的答语有“for+时间段”以及由since构成的短语等。 ——How long have you been here 你在这里多久了 ——For about five years.大约五年了。 2）how often 意为“多久一次；多长时间一次”，用来对频率进行提问。常见答语有usually，sometimes，never等频度副词，以及once a week，twice a month等表示频率的短语。 ——How often do you visit your mother ——Once a week. 3）how soon意为“再过多久：还要多久”，多用在表示将来的句子中，用来对将来的某个时间段进行提问，答语为“in+时间段” ——How soon will he be back ——In an hour. 【用法2】way名词，意为“方式”。 ——The cheapest way to go to Beijing is by train. 【拓展】常见的关于way的短语： by the way顺便说；顺便问一下By the way, where is the post office on one's way to sp.在某人去某地的路上I met Kate on my way home.get in the way挡路Her social life got in the way of her studies.the way to....去…….的路Could you tell me the way to the museum
【对点练习5】（1）——___________ do you brush your teeth ——Twice a day. （2）——______________ will you stay there ——I will stay there for three days. 【答案】How often、How long 6.【课文原句】However, it will not cost as much as going by train. 【用法1】 however副词，意为“然而;但是”，可以位于句首、句中和句末。通常要用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。 ——He lives a hard life. However, he feels happy.他过着艰苦的生活，然而，他觉得幸福 but是并列连词，连接两个并列分句，上下两句在总的意义上构成了对比。常用于口语。I really don't like cheese, but I will try just a little this time.我实在是不喜欢吃奶酪，但是这次我要尝一点。however不能直接连接两个分句，必须另起新句，并用逗号隔开。比but用的场合更正式。It was raining hard. However, we went out to look for the boy. 雨下得很大，不过我们还是出去寻找那个男孩。
——My father knows that it is not good to smoke. However, he can't give up smoking.我的父亲知道吸烟不好。然而，他戒不了烟。 ——I called you, but you did not answer. 我给你打过电话，但你没接。 【用法2】cost与spend与pay与take 1）cost动词，意为“花费”，后接life, money, health, time等，侧重于“代价”。主语是物或事，一般有两个宾语，不用于被动语态。 ——The dictionary costs me five dollars. ——It costs me 10 dollars to go to New York by train. ——The computer costs three thousand yuan. ——The cost of living in big cities Is high.大 2）spend，主语是人，宾语是可以是时间、精力、金钱等，其后用on+名词；in（可省略）+动名词。 ——I spent two hours on this maths problem ——He spent a lot of money (in) buying a new house. 3）pay“支付，付款”，主语是人，宾语可以是人或钱。常与介词for连用。 ——We'll pay you in a few days. 4）take“花费”，It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多少时间。主语常用it，其中it是形式主义，真正的主语是其后的动词不定式。 ——It takes two hours to finish my homework. 【总结】 主语花费对象结构spend人时间 / 金钱sb. spend … in doing sth / on sth.pay人金钱sth. cost sb. …cost物金钱sb. pay for sth.take物（常用it）时间it takes / took sb. … to do sth.
The present cost me ninety yuan.=I spent ninety yuan buying the present.=I spent ninety yuan on the present.=I paid ninety yuan for the present.=It took me 30 ninety yuan to buy the present. 【对点练习6】（1）He _____________(cost / spent / paid / took) a lot of money for the house. （2）A new computer _________(costs / spends / pays /takes) a lot of money. （3）She _________(costs / spends / pays /takes) much money on clothes. （4）It ________ (cost / spent / paid / took) me two hours to finish the work. 【答案】paid 、costs、spends 、took 7.【课文原句】It is the fastest and the second cheapest, but you may have to wait for hours at the airport because of bad weather. …但因为恶劣的天气你可能不得不在机场等数小时。 【用法】because of 是介词短语，意为“因为”，后接名词（短语）、代词或者动词ing形式作宾语。 ——I didn’t go to school yesterday because of illness.因为生病我昨天没有去上学。 【拓展】because of与because because连词，后接句子引导原因状语从句，常用于回答why引导的问句Because it rained, I couldn’t go there yesterday. 因为下雨，我昨天没去那里。because of短语介词，后接名词(短语)、代词或动词ing形式作宾语Because of the rain, I couldn’t go there yesterday. 因为下雨，我昨天没去那里。
——We didn't go to the beach because of the heavy rain.=We didn't go to the beach because it rained heavily.因为雨下得很大，所以我们没有去海滩。 【对点练习7】（1） It's ______________mountain in China. 它是中国第二高峰。 （2）He came back late ___________(because / because of) there was something wrong with his car. 【答案】the second highest、because 8.【课文原句】How can I get to Beijing from here 【用法】get to与arrive at与arrive in与reach“到达”有四种说法： 1）get to+名词（后跟副词时不用to）We got to the cinema at 8:00 yesterday. 2）arrive in+大地方The famous singer arrived in Beijing yesterday. 3）arrive at+小地方You should arrive at school on time. 4）reach+名词When did your parents reach New York 【对点练习8】When did you _____ to Shanghai = When did you _______ Shanghai = When did you ______ in Shanghai 【答案】get、reach、arrive 9.【课文原句】What happened 发生了什么 (教材第26页) 【用法】happen不及物动词，意为“发生;出现”。无被动语态 ——The story happened in1876.故事发生在1876年。 【拓展1】happen的常见用法 ——sth.+ happened+时间地点状语 某时某地发生了某事 ——happen to sb/sth. 某人/某物发生了某事 ——happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 ——It happens/happened that. 碰巧 ①A strange thing happened in the village.村子里发生了一件奇怪的事。 ②If anything happened to him, please let me know.万一他有什么不測，请通知我。 ③I happened to be out when he called.他打电话时我刚好出去了 ④It happened that I had no money on me.碰巧我身上没带钱。 【拓展2】happen与 take place (发生) ——Happen 强调某事发生的偶然性，take place表示事先安排或有准备的事情或活动发生 ——I hope nothing has happened to them，我希望他们没出事。 ——The meeting will take place at 8 a m. tomorrow. 会议将于明天上午8:00举行。 10.【课文原句】road accident道路交通事故 【用法】Accident 名词，意为“交通事故；意外事件”。表示“出事故”一般用have an accident. ——A car accident happened to her this morning.今天上午她发生了车祸。 【拓展】by accident偶然 ——I met her by accident yesterday.昨天我偶然遇到了她。 11.【课文原句】heavy形容词 ，“”沉重的” eg. Tom’s bag is very heavy. Tom的书包很沉重。 【用法】“很多的;大量的;严重的”，表示在数量、程度等方面超出一般。副词形式为 heavily。常用于雨雪下的大，交通严重（引申意即交通拥堵） ——It snowed/rained heavily this morning. So I was late because of the heavy snow/rain.今天早上雪/雨下得很大，所以因为这场大雪/大雨我迟到了。 ——We all hate the heavy traffic.我们都讨厌拥堵的交通。 12.【课文原句】choice 名词，意为”选择”。其动词形式为choose。 【用法】We are faced with a difficult choice. 我们面临着艰难的抉择。 【拓展】① make choices/ a choice表示“做出选择”。 ——I had to make a choice. 我必须做出选择。 ——It's important to help the students make choices.帮助学生做出选择是重要的。 ② have no choice but to do sth表示“除了做某事别无选择”。 ——I have no choice but to accept the fact.我别无选择，只能接受这个事实。 13.【课文原句】There’s so much traffic. 交通那么拥堵。（traffic n.交通 不可数名词） So much“如此多”，修饰不可数名词There is so much money in the bag.So many“如此多”，修饰可数名词复数So many students are waiting for the bus.
14.【课文原句】Don’t worry. 不用担心 【用法】worry about……担心… (worry v.) ——Don’t worry about us. 不用为我们担心。 ——We worried a lot about the bad weather.我们非常担心这坏天气 【拓展】be worried about…… 担心………( worried adj.) ——The girl was worried about her study.那个女孩担心她的学习。 15.【课文原句】far from=far away from 意为“远离”，from后接表示地点的名词或副词。 —— Mr Wang lives far from the station.王先生住的离车站远。 ——He lives the farthest from school, so he takes the understand.他住的离学校最远，因此他坐地铁。 16.【课文原句】close v.“关；关闭” 反义词：open“打开” 【用法1】adj.①“亲密的” a close friend 一个亲密的朋友 ②“（距离上）近的，接近的”=near,反义词是far，意为“远的，遥远的”，常用短语：be close to “离………近” be far from “离………远” 【用法2】adv.”接近；靠近；紧挨着” eg. I live close to school.我住的离学校近。 ——The two buildings are close togethe.两座建筑物相距很近。 ——My home is close to the zoo.我家离动物国近。 ——The bank is far from the station.银行离车站远。 17.【课文原句】be the same as…..和……一样 ——Oh, your skirt is the same as hers. 【用法】be different from 和……不同 ——My cousin’s bike is different from mine. 18.【课文原句】but it’s so crowded ! 但公共汽车太拥挤了！ 【用法】Crowded adj.拥挤的；人数过多的 常用短语：be crowded with “挤满了……” —— In spring this place is crowded with visitors.春天，这个地方挤满了游客。 【拓展】crowd n.人群；群众 the crowd群众；老百姓 crowds of people 许许多多的人 19.【课文原句】You can ride your bike to school， but remember to be careful all the time.你可以骑自行车去上学，但记着始终要小心。 【用法】all the time意为“一直;不断地”，相当于 always或the whole time。 ——Accidents like this happen all the time.此类事故经常发生。 ——I keep on writing articles all the time我一直在坚持写作。 【拓展】time的相关短语 In time及时 on time准时 ahead of time提前 at a time每次 from time to time有时;偶尔 20.【课文原句】plan v.计划；打算 plan to do sth 计划/打算做某事 ——They plan to visit Hong Kong this year.今年他们计划去香港旅行。 【用法】 n.计划；方案 make a plan 制定计划，后可接介词for，表示计划的对象。 ——It is necessary to make a plan for the summer vacation. 制定一个暑假计划是有必要的。 21.【课文原句】Could you please tell me about the trains or ships to get there 你能告诉我去那里的火车或轮船的信息吗？ 【用法】Colud you please do sth… 是一个表示表示请求的句型，意为“你能……吗”/请你……好吗”，语气非常委婉，相当于“Would you please do sth.. ”. 22.【课文原句】book n.书 ——Books are our good friends. 书籍是我们的好朋友。 【用法】book v.预订，其后接的宾语多是与住、行有关的ticket、room和hotel等词。 ——I booked a room of a hotel for my parents on the Internet.我在网上为父母预定了宾馆的房间。 23.【课文原句】Remember that parking in Amsterdam is very expensive, so stay outside the city centre and travel in by bus or by train..记住，在阿姆斯特丹停车很贵，因此住在市中心外面，坐公共汽车或火车去里面旅行。 【用法1】park作动词，意为“停放(车);泊(车)”，可作不及物动词也可作及物动词 ——Ben parked across the street.本把年停在了街对面。 ——Let＇s find a place to park our car.我们找个地方停车吧。 【拓展】park还可作名词，意为“公园”。 ——We went for a walk in the park.我们去公国散步了 【用法2】 outside此处作介词，意为“在…之外”。其反义词是 inside，意为在…里面”。 ——You can park your car outside our house.你可以把你的汽车停在我们房子的外面。 【拓展】①outside作名词时，意为“外面;外部”。 ——The outside of the house is very old.这座房子的外围很古老。 ②outside作副词时，意为“在外面;朝户外”。 ——Would you please wait outside 你在外面等一等好吗 24.【课文原句】动词不定式（短语）常位于名词、不定代词之后作定语。 —— I have many letters to write.我有许多信要写。 ——There is nothing to worry about.没什么可担心的。 【用法】in a hurry 匆忙；急忙 ——They left in a hurry.他们匆忙离开了。 25.【课文原句】somewhere else 别的某个地方 【用法】somewhere不定副词，意为“某处；在某处；到某处”。 ——I,'m not going home yet. I have to go somewhere else first.我还不准备回家，我必须先去其他某个地方 【拓展】与形容词连用时，形容词必须放在 somewhere之后。 ——The birds are flying somewhere warm.这些鸟正飞往暖和的地方 一、单项选择 ( )1. Most of my friends agreed to go to my birthday party _____ Tom. He said that he had to look after his sick sister. A. besides B. beside C. except D. except for ( )2. ——Where is Jenny ——I’m not sure. She _____ in the school library. A. maybe B. must be C. may be D. will be ( )3. Eric is not going to Nanjing by _____ plane. Instead, he is taking _____ train. A. /;a B. a;/ C. a; the D. the; a ( )4. ——How do you go to school —— On foot. Our school is _____ my house. A. different from B. far away C. close to ( )5. —— _____ does Jenny go to school every day —— By bike. A. How B .Why C. When D. What ( )6. Lots of football fans plan _____ the FIFA World Cup. A. to watch B. watches C. watching D. watched ( )7. The local community centre is open _____ Monday to Saturday. A. in B. from C. for D. on ( )8. —— ____ is it from the museum to the cinema ——About twenty minutes’ walk. A. How long B. How far C. How often D. How much ( )9. ——It takes me half an hour _____ playing the piano. How about you ——I usually spend 20 minutes _____ it. A. practicing; on B. to practice; in C. to practice; on D. practicing; in ( )10. ——What will the phone _____ ——The same as you said, eight hundred dollars each. A. spend B. cost C. pay D. afford 【答案】CCACA ABBCB CDABC 二、填空题 A)选择单词并填写正确形式 accident, cost, outside, underground, happen
1. I went to the market and bought some vegetables. They __________ me about fifty yuan. 2. A car __________ happened and the driver was badly hurt. 3. The teacher asked the boy to go out of the classroom and stand __________. 4. He lives the farthest from the company, so he takes the __________. 5. The story __________ in 1985. 【答案】cost, accident, outside, underground, happened B)填写单词正确形式 1. He plans __________ (have) a picnic in the park next Sunday. 2. It is the __________ (two) largest city in China. 3. Billy looks upset. What happened to __________ (he) 4. His home is __________ (far) than your home. 5. There are so many people on the train. It’s __________ (crowd). 【答案】to have, second, him, farther, crowded Key words： 名词：road 路：（尤指）公路 accident 交通事故；意外事件 choice 选择 classmate 同班同学 journey 旅行；旅程 动词：book 预订 park 停放（车）；泊（车） 形容词：crowded 拥挤的；人数过多的 副词：however 然而；但是 介词：except 除……之外 兼类词：far adv.远；遥远 adj.远的；遥远的 close adj.（距离上）近的，接近的 adv.（距离上）接近地 outside prep.在……之外 adv.在外面；朝户外 n.外面；外部 adj.外部的；外表的 cost v.价钱为；花费 n.价钱；成本；代价 Key phrases： 1.take the bus 乘公共汽车 2.go to school 去上学 3.by taxi 乘出租车 4.what about…… ……怎么样 5.by bike 骑自行车 6.so much 如此多的 7.far from 远离 8.take the underground 乘地铁 9.be close to 离………近 10.the same as 和………一样 11.ride one’s bike 骑自行车 12.be careful 小心 13.all the time 一直；不断地 14.on one’s way to 在某人去……的路上 15.from……to……… 从………到……… 16.how long 多长时间 17.the best way to travel 旅行的最佳方式 18.by train 乘火车 19.by coach 乘长途汽车 20.a long time 很长时间 21.by car 乘小汽车 22.by ship 乘轮船 23.go across 穿越 24.book tickets 预订票 25.get crowded 变得拥挤 26.because of 因为 27.have a great trip 旅途愉快 28.in a hurry 匆忙 29.somewhere else 其他的某个地方 30.thanks for…… 感谢……… 31.plan to do sth. 计划做某事 32.by bike 乘自行车 Key sentences： 1、形容词、副词最高级句型 （1）It’s the most comfortable way, but it’s also the most expensive. （2）He lives the farthest from school… 2、谈论交通方式 （1）----How does Tony go to school ----…He takes the underground. （2）----And what about Lingling ----Her home is the closest to school, so she walks. （3）----How about Daming ----He goes by bus too…… （4）You can ride your bike to school, but remember to be careful all the time. 3、提建议的句型：Then what about going by bike 4、表示请求的句型：Could you please tell me about the trains and ships to get there 5、“It takes sb. some time to do sth” 句型：And it takes you about twelve hours to get there. 一、单选题 （ ）1．——Which month has _______ days in a year ——February. A．the most B．the longest C．the fewest D．the least （ ）2．——How long have the soldiers been in Yushu Town ——______. A．Since April,2010 B．More than a year ago C．In April,2010 D．Since more than a year （ ）3．Mo Yan is one of _____ writers in the world. A．famous B．more famous C．most famous D．the most famous （ ）4．I have two sisters，one is doctor and _________ is a teacher. A．the other B．the others C．another D．other. （ ）5．There isn't air ______ water on the moon. A．and B．but C．or D．so （ ）6．——How long ______ the film Avatar (《阿凡达》) ______？——For just several minutes. A．did; begin B．has; begun C．has; been on D．does; began （ ）7．He had to ______ $100 for that new 3D movie. A．take B．pay C．spend D．cost （ ）8．It takes me _________ to make this cake. A．a two and half hours B．half two hours C．two and a half hours D．two and half hours （ ）9．This dictionary is pretty cheap. The price of it is _________ of the four. A．the lowest B．much cheaper C．the cheapest D．much lower （ ）10．The book _________ me 20 yuan. A．spent B．took C．cost D．paid （ ）11．——How about going to school by boat，Li Lei？——Good idea. That must be _________ than taking a bus. A．interesting B．much interesting C．a lot more interesting D．more much interesting （ ）12．——Do you go to school _________ every day？——Yes，I often walk there. A．by bus B．by bike C．on foot D．on a bus （ ）13．——Can you tell me why you learn English so well ——It’s very simple. You work, grades you will get. A．The harder, the best B．The hard, the better C．Harder,better D．The harder,the better （ ）14．The pilot had to land the plane at an airport in another city _________ the snow. A．and B．because of C．because D．so （ ）15．The boy always wears _________ coat _________ his brother. A．the same；as B．a same；as C．the same；with D．a same；with （ ）16．——_________does your uncle live from here？ ——About 20 miles. A．How long B．How often C．Where D．How far （ ）17．Everybody went to the party _________ Mary. Mary stayed at home and looked after her sister. A．including B．over C．besides D．except （ ）18．——_________ does your journey take？——It's about two hours. A．How often B．How soon C．How far D．How long （ ）19．John ____his bike to go to work every morning. A．rides B．takes C．on （ ）20．When the winter comes，it gets ____. A．cold and cold B．colder and cold C．colder and colder （ ）21．I invited many friends to my birthday party ____Kate，because she is ill. A．except B．with C．through （ ）22．It takes _________ time by ship. A．many too B．too many C．much too D．too much （ ）23．——It’s so cold today. ——Yes, it’s colder than it was yesterday. A．some B．more C．very D．much （ ）24．Mary usually goes to school _________ her father's car. A．by B．with C．in D．on （ ）25．I don't know where Miss Zhang is. You'd better ask _________. A．someone else. B．else someone C．anyone else D．else anyone （ ）26．I usually go to school ________ bike,but sometimes I go to school _______ foot. A．with;on B．on;by C．on;with D．by;on （ ）27．My brother is younger than ____in our class. A．any students B．any other student C．any another student （ ）28．——There was thick haze（雾）in our city this spring. What do you think of it？ ——I think _________ cars we have，_________ pollution our city will have. A．the fewer；the fewer B．the more；the less C．the more；the fewer D．the fewer; the less （ ）29．——Tony is only shorter than Jim, right ——Yes, he is ________ student in his class. A．the second tallest B．the two tallest C．second tallest D．two tallest （ ）30．Li Ning lives farthest _________ the school. A．to. B．from C．away D．in 【答案】1-5CADAC 6-10CBCAC 11-15CCDBA 16-20DDDAC 21-25ADDCA 26-30DBDAB 二、填空题：根据中文填写正确单词 1. Her home is __________ (更近的) to school than my home. 2. Traveling by plane is the __________ (最快的) way. 3. It is a good __________ (选择) to go out on such a beautiful day. 4. I went to the market and bought some vegetables. They __________ (花费) me about fifty yuan. 5. We all went to the party __________ (除了) Mike. He had to stay at home and prepared for the exam. 【答案】closer, fastest, choice, cost, except 三、句型转换 1. It took him three hours to finish the work. (改为同义句) He __________ three hours __________ the work. 2. They go swimming once a week. (对画线部分提问) __________ __________ __________ they go swimming 3. Jerry went there by bus. (改为同义句) Jerry __________ __________ __________ to go there. 4. He often goes to school on foot. (改为同义句) He often __________ __________ school. 5. Tom goes to the library in a hurry. (改为同义句) Tom __________ __________ the library. 【答案】1. spent; finishing 2. How often do 3. took a bus 4. walks to 5. hurries to 四、句子翻译 1. 旅游的最佳方式是什么 __________ __________ __________ __________ to travel 2. 我们的城市是世界上最安全的城市之一。 Our city is __________ __________ __________ __________ cities in the world. 3. 我每天乘公共汽车去上班大约要用30分钟。 It __________ me about 30 minutes __________ __________ to work by bus every day. 4. 谁住得离我们学校最远？ Who lives the __________ __________ our school 5. 你可以乘火车去北京。 You can go to Beijing __________ __________ __________. 【答案】1. What’s the best way 2. one of the safest 3. takes; to go 4. farthest from 5. on a train
同课章节目录
- Module 1 How to learn English
- Unit 1 Let's try to speak English as much as possi
- Unit 2 You should smile at her.
- Unit 3 Language in use .
- Module 2 My home town and my country
- Unit 1 It's taller than many other buildings.
- Unit 2 Cambridge is a beautiful city in the east o
- Unit 3 Language in use .
- Module 3 Sports.
- Unit 1 Nothing is more exciting than playing tenni
- Unit 2 This year we training more carefully.
- Unit 3 Language in use .
- Module 4 Planes, ships and trains .
- Unit 1 He lives the farthest from school.
- Unit 2 What is the best way to travel.
- Unit 3 Language in use .
- Module 5 Lao She Teahouse.
- Unit 1 I wanted to see the Beijing Opera.
- Unit 2 It descibes the changes in Chinese society.
- Unit 3 Language in use .
- Module 6 Animals in danger.
- Unit 1 It allows people to get closer to them .
- Unit 2 The WWF is working hard to save them all.
- Unit 3 Language in use .
- Revision module A
- Module 7 A famous story
- Unit 1 Alice was sitting with her sister by the ri
- Unit 2 She was thinking about her cat.
- Unit 3 Language in use .
- Module 8 Accidents
- Unit 1 While the car were changing to red, a car s
- Unit 2 I was trying to pick it up when it bite me
- Unit 3 Language in use .
- Module 9 Population
- Unit 1 The population of China is about 1.37 billi
- Unit 2 Arnwick was a city with 200,000 people.
- Unit 3 Language in use .
- Module 10 The weathe
- Unit 1 It might snow.
- Unit 2 The weather is fine all year round.
- Unit 3 Language in use .
- Module 11 Way of life
- Unit 1 In China ,we open a gift later.
- Unit 2 In England, you usually drink tea with milk
- Unit 3 Language in use .
- Module 12 Help
- Unit 1 What should we do before help arrives?
- Unit 2 Stay away from windows and heavy furniture.
- Unit 3 Language in use .
- Revision module B