贵州省2023年中考英语真题
一、选词填空（共5个小题; 每小题1分, 满分5分）
（2023·贵州） 阅读下面短文，从框内6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。
A. if B. in C. activities D. this E. so F. different
Every year, on January 5th, the city of Harbin in northeast China changes into a winter wonderland. Tourists from all around the world come to visit 1． wonderful ice and snow festival.
The festival started in 1963 and began as a winter party. The festival often lasts for one month. However, 2． the weather stays cold and dry, it will go on for a few more days. Temperatures are usually very cold. They can go down to -17℃.
Ice sculptors(雕塑家) use 3． tools to carve the hard ice and snow. These sculptors display their works 4． two main areas. "Sun Island" has huge snow sculptures of people and animals. "Ice and Snow World" has sculptures of buildings. At night, these buildings light up with brightly-colored lights.
Visitors can do a lot of other 5． , such as skiing and ice sliding. They can also go swimming in the icy waters of the Songhua River.
二、完形填空（共10个小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
（2023·贵州） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项。
A gentleman needed a young man to help him in his office, so he put an advertisement in a newspaper. Nearly fifty people applied for the job. He in a short time 6． one and sent the rest away.
"I should like to know," said a friend, "why did you 7． that young man, who didn't bring a recommendation(推荐信) with him "
"You are mistaken," said the gentleman. "He had a great many."
"He wiped his feet at the door and 8． the door after him, showing that he was tidy and orderly."
"He gave up his seat immediately to that old man, indicating that he was 9． and thoughtful."
"He took off his cap when he came in and answered my questions without delay(延迟), showing that he was polite and a 10． thinker."
"He lifted up the book which I had purposely laid on the floor, and 11． it on the table, while all the rest stepped over it, or kicked it aside, showing that he was careful."
"And he waited 12． for his turn instead of pushing the others aside, indicating that he was modest(谦逊的)."
"When I talked with him, I noticed that his 13． was carefully washed, his hair in nice order, and his teeth as white as milk. When he wrote his 14． , I observed that his fingernails were clean."
"Don't you call these 15． letters of recommendation I do and what I can tell about by using my eyes for ten minutes is worth more than all the fine letters he can bring to me."
6．A．missed B．chose C．described
7．A．thank B．interview C．prefer
8．A．closed B．repaired C．painted
9．A．honest B．calm C．kind
10．A．quick B．careful C．friendly
11．A．covered B．placed C．weighed
12．A．worriedly B．excitedly C．quietly
13．A．shirt B．bike C．umbrella
14．A．name B．diary C．score
15．A．opinions B．qualities C．feelings
三、阅读理解（共12个小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分30分）
（2023·贵州） 阅读理解
16．How long do teenagers need to sleep at least every day
A．Seven hours. B．Eight hours. C．Nine hours.
17．What time do people feel the sleepiest during a day
A． B． C．
18．The writer proves a lack of sleep plays a role in accidents by ____.
A．asking questions B．listing numbers C．giving examples
19．Which of the following can be put in ▲
A．SUGGESTIONS B．FACTS C．PROBLEMS
（2023·贵州） 阅读理解
The old lanes(巷子) of the Beijing hutongs many were there hundreds of years ago during the Ming and Qing dynasties. They keep not only the traditional culture but also the way of life in the past. People can go shopping, eat delicious food, and watch the street life by visiting the Beijing hutongs. What's more, it's a good way to learn more about the daily life of people in Beijing.
A hutong is a lane formed by traditional courtyard compounds(筑有围墙的院子) on both sides. The compounds are called siheyuan, meaning "four joined-together courtyard."
The hutongs have interesting names, which tell their origin(起源), location, or history. They are in these gray lanes where kids talk and play.
One of China's most famous writers, Laoshe, was born in siheyuan in the west of the city. The memories of his childhood in hutongs were so important to him that even after he had been away from Beijing for more than 20 years, he still clearly remembered them and wrote them into a novel called Four Generations under One Roof.
Now, Beijing still has about 400,000 siheyuan for people to live in. However, most hutongs are in great danger because more and more new buildings have been built. So, we should try our best to protect hutongs, the treasure of traditional culture.
20．What can we learn about the Beijing hutongs
A．They have a short history.
B．They are far from siheyuan.
C．They have interesting names.
21．The writer would most probably talk about ____ after Paragraph 5.
A．how we can know the Beijing hutongs better
B．what we can do to protect the Beijing hutongs
C．why many new buildings were built in Beijing
22．What could be the best title for the text
A．Laoshe—A Well-known Chinese Writer
B．Beijing Hutongs—The Treasure of China
C．Siheyuan—A Picture of the Qing Dynasty
23．We may read this text from the section of ____ in a newspaper.
A．Culture Window B．Famous People C．Eating Customs
（2023·贵州） 阅读理解
Could you imagine being in a car driven by a computer, not a human Recently, China has made a big step toward self-driving technology. Since August 2022, driverless taxis can run on roads in Wuhan, Chongqing and Shenzhen.
Why do we develop self-driving cars
Self-driving cars bring us many benefits. They use computers to sense the things around them and make better use of space. This means fewer traffic jams and better parking of cars. For disabled or blind people, self-driving cars can also help them get around more easily.
According to official statistics, each year, more than 1.35 million people are killed on roads around the world, and more are injured. It's reported that self-driving cars could reduce road accidents by 90 percent and save governments a lot of money. The main cause of car accidents is human error(错误). By using computers, self-driving cars don't make poor decisions or lose focus like humans do.
But self-driving cars aren't perfect. If something unexpected on the road happens, self-driving cars can't react(反应) as fast as a human driver could. Also, during weather events like heavy snow, self-driving cars wouldn't see the lines on the road easily. It might lead to an accident. The car's computer system would be broken by someone, causing it to crash or change its direction.
It's clear that there is still a long way to go to make self-driving cars a common and safe sight(景象) on our roads. And China is taking the lead in making this happen, said China Daily.
24．What does the underlined word "They" in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．Disabled people. B．Self-driving cars. C．Taxi drivers.
25．What do we know about self-driving cars
A．They cannot make good use of space.
B．They always react faster than humans.
C．They do not lose focus like humans do.
26．We can infer(推断) that China ____ in self-driving technology.
A．will make greater progress
B．aided many other countries
C．is going to cut its total costs
27．The writer writes the text to ____.
A．encourage more people to buy self-driving cars
B．tell people several advantages of self-driving cars
C．introduce the present situation of self-driving cars
四、任务型阅读（共5个小题;每小题2分,满分10分）
（2023·贵州） 根据短文内容，从6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。
Do you know what your IQ is You can find out by taking a test. But what about your EQ（情商） 28．
EQ is a measure of your ability to recognize（辨别）and manage your emotions, as well as the emotions of others, according to Psychology Today.
Simply put, having a high EQ means that you're a "people" person. You know yourself very well and you can easily understand others. 29． They are the ability to recognize your own emotions; the ability to use those emotions to solve problems; and the ability to manage emotions, such as by calming yourself down when you're feeling nervous.
Does it seem obvious to you that having a high EQ can be a good thing 30． They show great social skills, especially when they take up jobs that need them to deal with strangers often. According to MindTools, an online resource for career skill-building, many companies are now using EQ tests when interviewing new staff.
31． For example, when two friends have an argument, people with a high EQ can "read" the other person's emotions and know when and how to stop the argument, perhaps by ending it in a humorous way.
If you feel like you have a low EQ, don't worry. 32． A good way is using positive thinking to help you get out of failures. By doing so, you can improve your EQ gradually.
A. It's possible to improve it.
B. Do you know what EQ is
C. A low EQ will make us get into trouble.
D. Many experts divide EQ into three skills.
E. People with a high EQ perform much better at work.
F. Having a high EQ can help you in everyday life as well.
五、任务型阅读（共5个小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分）
（2023·贵州） 阅读下面短文，根据其内容填空和回答问题。
WRITING SYSTEMS
Topic overview There are two main kinds of writing systems. ·alphabets(字母表) ·pictures Basic information ·First writing system: 3,000 BCE (Before Common Era) ·First alphabet system: 2,000-1,000 BCE ·Chinese writing system: from 1,000 BCE
Alphabet writing systems Some writing systems use alphabets. Alphabet writing systems use letters to tell you what sounds to make. Arabic and English both use an alphabet. There are 26 letters in the English alphabet and 28 letters in the Arabic alphabet. The first alphabet started in the Middle East 3,000 years ago. The English and Arabic alphabets both come from this alphabet. Picture or symbol writing systems Some writing systems use pictures or symbols to show the meaning of words. Picture writing started 5000 years ago in the Middle East. Modern Chinese also uses a picture writing system today. Japanese uses some of the symbols from the Chinese picture system. For example, the Chinese word for fish is "yu" and the Japanese word is "sakana", but both languages write it in the same way. There are thousands of symbols in picture writing systems -you have to learn 4,000 symbols to read Chinese. Writing systems and change Languages sometimes change their writing systems. Before 1423, the Korean language used the Chinese picture system. In 1423, the Koreans invented their own alphabet system. Now Korean uses an alphabet system. Turkey also changed its writing system. Before 1928, Turkish used the Arabic alphabet. Today it uses an alphabet like English, but with some extra symbols, like " " and " ". Do you use symbols Today, in many languages, we use symbols to explain what we mean. For example, many people use symbols likeandwhen they write text messages or emails. These symbols show how we feel. They are called emoticons(表情符号) because they tell people about our emotions. See also: Ancient civilizations: Middle East, China Languages: Arabic, Chinese, English, Japanese, Korean, Turkish writing system: the way of writing a language
33．The records show that the was invented in 3,000 BCE. (答案不超过3个单词)
34．Both the first alphabet and the picture writing started in . (答案不超过3个单词)
35．Some of the Japanese symbols the Chinese picture system. (答案不超过3个单词)
36．Korean changed its writing systems years earlier than Turkish. (答案不超过3个单词)
37．Do you like using emoticons such asand Why or why not (须用完整句子回答。)
六、根据中文意思, 补全英语译文。（每空限填一词, 缩写算一词）（共5个小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分）
38．（2023·贵州） 《山行》是一首多么美的诗啊！
beautiful poem Going up the Hill is!
39．（2023·贵州） 向他人学习并自我提升对我们极其重要。
others and improving ourselves is essential for us.
40．（2023·贵州） 梵净山因其令人叹为观止的风光吸引大量的游客。
Mount Fanjing attracts tourists for its amazing scenery.
41．（2023·贵州） 事虽难，做则必成。
Difficult as the task is, get the job done if we keep working at it.
42．（2023·贵州） 中国科学家屠呦呦发现了一种治疗疟疾的有效药物。
Tu Youyou is the Chinese scientist an effective drug against malaria.
七、语法填空（共10个小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
（2023·贵州） 阅读下面短文，在各题空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Each year, billions of pounds of garbage end up in the oceans. Sometimes people throw away water 43． (bottle) or other plastic. They do not recycle their garbage. People may not know that wind 44． rain can move garbage from land to sea. Plastic takes a very long time to break down. It can remain in the oceans 45． hundreds of years. Plastic pieces are very 46． (danger) to sea animals.
One group, Washed Ashore, came up with a new idea 47． (tell) people about the problems in the oceans. First, they take the garbage from 48． beach. Then, they clean and sort it. 49． (final), they work with the plastic pieces to make huge works of art. The artwork is mostly of sea creatures (生物).
Washed Ashore has 50． (create) more than seventy of these works of art. Some of 51． (they) are now traveling in a show all over the world. Each piece shows the effects of trash.
In one show, people learn how plastic fools fish and other sea animals. They think the plastic 52． (be) food, eat it, and get very sick or even die.
This would not happen if people used less plastic and did not litter. The plastic would not end up in the ocean.
八、写作（满分25分）
53．（2023·贵州）请结合下图内容及提示，以"My Family Memory"为题，根据写作要求，写一篇不少于80词的短文。
describe the memory What happened When did it happen Who was in the memory express your feelings or opinions What do you think of it Why do you think so
写作要求：
1. 结合实际，用适当的形容词补全标题。
2. 短文须包含图中所有信息，并适当拓展。
3. 文中不能出现真实的人名和校名。
答案解析部分
【答案】1．D；2．A；3．F；4．B；5．C
【知识点】选词填空；社会活动类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍哈尔滨的冰雪节。
A. if，如果，B. in，在里面，C. activities，活动，D. this，这个，E. so，所以，F. different，不同的
【点评】考查选词填空，注意根据提示词和上下文的逻辑关系，推测词意，注意形容词，名词复数，连词等用法。
1．句意：自世界各地的游客来参观这个美妙的冰雪节。根据festival是名词，其前缺少短语，根据提示词可知是this，指示代词修饰名词单数，故填D。
2．句意：然而，如果天气保持寒冷和干燥，这种情况还会持续几天。此处缺少连词，根据the weather stays cold and dry, it will go on for a few more days，可知表示假设，提示词可知是if，引导条件状语从句，故填A。
3．句意：冰雕师使用不同的工具雕刻坚硬的冰雪。根据tools和提示词可知是形容词different修饰名词复数tools，故填F。
4．句意：这些雕塑家主要在两个区域展示他们的作品。根据main areas和提示词可知是in main areas，介词短语做地点状语，故填B。
5．句意：游客可以做很多其他的活动，比如滑雪和滑冰。a lot of修饰名词复数，根据skiing and ice sliding和提示词可知是活动，activities，是名词复数，故填C。
【答案】6．B；7．C；8．A；9．C；10．A；11．B；12．C；13．A；14．A；15．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文主要是一位招聘者向朋友解释为什么聘请一个没有推荐信的人。
【点评】考查完形填空，注意词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意上下文的逻辑，并且考虑句型，语法搭配 ，语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。
6．句意：他很快就选了一个，把其余的都送走了。missed错过；described描述。根据Nearly fifty people applied for the job. He in a short time...one and sent the rest away可知，将近50人申请这份工作，他很快就选择了一个。故选B。
7．句意：你为什么更喜欢那个没有带推荐信的年轻人？thank感谢；interview面试；prefer更喜欢。根据why did you...that young man, who didn't bring a recommendation(推荐信) with him可知，朋友问为什么更喜欢一个没有推荐信的年轻人，故选C。
8．句意：他在门口擦了脚，走后把门关上，表明他整洁有序。closed关闭；repaired修理；painted涂。根据He wiped his feet at the door and他在门口擦了擦脚，可知应该是关门，故选A。
9．句意：马上把座位让给了那位老人，这表明他很善良，很体贴。honest诚实的；kind善良的。根据He gave up his seat immediately to that old man可知，让座给老人是善良的，故选C。
10．句意：他进来时摘下帽子，毫不拖延地回答了我的问题，这表明他很有礼貌，思维敏捷。quick迅速的；careful仔细的；friendly友好的。根据answered my questions without delay可知，毫不拖延地回答问题，说明思维敏捷。故选A。
11．句意：他把我故意放在地板上的书捡起来，放在桌子上，而其他所有人都踩着它，或者踢到一边，表明他很仔细。covered覆盖；placed放置；weighed称重。根据He lifted up the book which I had purposely laid on the floor, and...it on the table可知，把书捡起来放在桌子上，故选B。
12．句意：他安静地等着轮到他，而不是把别人推开，这表明他很谦虚。worriedly担心地；excitedly激动地；quietly安静地。根据indicating that he was modest表明他很谦虚，可知他安静地等着轮到自己，故选C。
13．句意：当我和他谈话时，我注意到他的衬衫洗得很仔细，头发很整齐，牙齿洁白如牛奶。shirt衬衫；bike自行车；umbrella雨伞。根据I noticed that his...was carefully washed可知，面试时注意到年轻人衬衫洗得很干净，故选A。
14．句意：他写名字的时候，我注意到他的指甲很干净。name名字；diary日记；score分数。根据When he wrote his..., I observed that his fingernails were clean可知，应聘需要留下信息，如名字，这时注意到指甲很干净。故选A。
15．句意：你不把这些品质称为推荐信吗？opinions意见；qualities品质；feelings感觉。前文提到年轻人一些好的品质，招聘者认为这些都是他的推荐信。故选B。
【答案】16．B
17．A
18．C
19．B
【知识点】教育类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍关于睡眠的相关事实。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
16．细节题。根据Teenagers 8-10可知，青少年需要8-10小时的睡眠，所以是至少8小时。故选B。
17．细节题。根据" usually peaks twice a day, at 2 a.m. and 2 p.m.可知，疲劳通常在一天中达到高峰两次，即凌晨两点和下午2点。故选A。
18．推断题。根据④部分的介绍可知，作者通过举例证明睡眠不足是造成事故的原因之一。故选C。
19．推断题。本文主要介绍关于睡眠的相关事实，故FACTS，事实可以放在空缺处作为标题，故选B。
【答案】20．C
21．B
22．B
23．A
【知识点】社会文化类；说明文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】本文介绍北京的胡同文化。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，猜测题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
20．细节题。根据The hutongs have interesting names可知，胡同有有趣的名字，故选C。
21．推断题。根据So, we should try our best to protect hutongs, the treasure of traditional culture可知，我们应该尽最大努力保护胡同这一传统文化的瑰宝，由此可知，后面可能会讨论我们可以做些什么来保护北京的胡同。故选B。
22．主旨题。本文主要介绍北京的胡同文化，选项B"北京胡同——中国的瑰宝"是最佳标题，故选B。
23．推断题。本文主要介绍北京的胡同文化，由此可知，可能在报纸的"文化之窗"版块看到这篇文章，故选A。
【答案】24．B
25．C
26．A
27．C
【知识点】科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍自动驾驶汽车的现状。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
24．词义猜测题。根据Self-driving cars bring us many benefits. They use computers to sense the things around them and make better use of space可知，自动驾驶汽车给我们带来了许多好处。它们用电脑来感知周围的事物，更好地利用空间。此处they指的是自动驾驶汽车，故选B。
25．细节题。根据"by using computers, self-driving cars don't make poor decisions or lose focus like humans do可知，通过使用计算机，自动驾驶汽车不会像人类那样做出糟糕的决定或注意力分散。故选C。
26．推断题。根据It's clear that there is still a long way to go to make self-driving cars a common and safe sight(景象) on our roads. And China is taking the lead in making this happen可知，要让自动驾驶汽车成为我们道路上常见而安全的景象，还有很长的路要走，中国正在率先实现这一目标，由此可知，中国将在自动驾驶技术方面取得更大的进步。故选A。
27．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍自动驾驶汽车的现状，包括自动驾驶汽车的优势和劣势，故选C。
【答案】28．B；29．D；30．E；31．F；32．A
【知识点】任务型阅读；科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了情商高的人的特点以及怎样提高自己的情商。
A. It's possible to improve it.有可能改进。
B. Do you know what EQ is 你知道什么是情商吗
C. A low EQ will make us get into trouble.低情商会让我们陷入麻烦。
D. Many experts divide EQ into three skills.许多专家将情商分为三种技能。
E. People with a high EQ perform much better at work.情商高的人在工作中表现得更好。
F. Having a high EQ can help you in everyday life as well.拥有高情商对你的日常生活也有帮助。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，可以将整个文章首先浏览一遍，大概理解意思，根据逻辑关系，找到可以匹配信息的选项。
28．根据后句EQ is a measure of your ability to recognize（辨别）and manage your emotions, as well as the emotions of others, according to Psychology Today可知，此处介绍什么是情商，选项B"你知道什么是情商吗？"符合语境，故选B。
29．根据They are the ability to recognize your own emotions; the ability to use those emotions to solve problems; and the ability to manage emotions可知，它们是识别自己情绪的能力；运用这些情绪来解决问题的能力；以及管理情绪的能力。此处介绍情商的三种能力，选项D"许多专家将情商分为三种技能。"符合语境，故选D。
30．根据They show great social skills, especially when they take up jobs that need them to deal with strangers often可知，他们表现出出色的社交技巧，尤其是当他们从事需要经常与陌生人打交道的工作时。此处介绍情商在工作中的情况，选项E"情商高的人在工作中表现得更好。"符合语境，故选E。
31．根据 For example, when two friends have an argument, people with a high EQ can ‘read' the other person's emotions and know when and how to stop the argument, perhaps by ending it in a humorous way可知，例如，当两个朋友吵架时，高情商的人可以"读懂"对方的情绪，知道何时以及如何停止争吵，也许可以用幽默的方式结束。此处介绍情商在生活中的应用，选项F"拥有高情商对你的日常生活也有帮助。"符合语境，故选F。
32．根据A good way is using positive thinking to help you get out of failures. By doing so, you can improve your EQ gradually可知，一个好的方法是用积极的思维来帮助你摆脱失败。通过这样做，你可以逐渐提高你的情商。此处介绍情商是可以提高的，选项A"这是可以提高的。"符合语境，故选A。
【答案】33．first writing system
34．the Middle East
35．are from/come from
36．505
37．本题属于开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案：Yes, I do. Because emoticons can express my emotions better than words.
【知识点】任务型阅读；科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍书写系统的相关内容。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。
33．根据First writing system: 3,000 BCE可知，最早的文字系统出现于公元前3000年，故填first writing system。
34．根据"he first alphabet started in the Middle East 3,000 years ago."和"Picture writing started 5,000 years ago in the Middle East.可知，第一个字母表和图画文字都起源于中东，故填the Middle East。
35．根据Japanese uses some of the symbols from the Chinese picture system.可知，日语使用了一些来自中文文字系统的符号，故填are/come from。
36．根据In 1423, the Koreans invented their own alphabet system. Now Korean uses an alphabet system. Turkey also changed its writing system. Before 1928, Turkish used the Arabic alphabet可知，韩国和土耳其改变书写系统的时间分别是1423年和1928年，韩国比土耳其早了505年。故填505。
37．是的我喜欢所以表情符号，因为表情符号比文字更能表达我的情感，故填Yes, I do. Because emoticons can express my emotions better than words.
38．【答案】What；a
【知识点】汉译英；what引导的感叹句
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少：多么，语序是形容词+名词+主语+谓语，可知是感叹句，poem是可数名词单数，用What+a/an+adj+可数名词单数+主谓的向上，beautiful首字母发辅音音素，故用不定冠词a。故填What a。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记感叹句的用法。
39．【答案】Learning；from
【知识点】汉译英；动名词；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少：向某人学习，learn from，此处用动名词作主语，故填Learning from。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记learn from，动名词作主语的用法。
40．【答案】lots；of
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少：大量，lots of，固定搭配，修饰名词复数tourists，故答案为lots of。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记lots of的用法。
41．【答案】we；will
【知识点】汉译英；一般将来时
【解析】【分析】根据if we keep working at it可知，是条件状语从句，本句主语是我们，we，主句时态用一般将来时will+动词原形，故填we will。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记将来时，we的用法。
42．【答案】who/that；discovered
【知识点】汉译英；一般过去时；定语从句
【解析】【分析】此处含定语从句，先行词是人scientist，引导词在从句中作主语，用who/that引导定语从句；发现，discover，是动词，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时。故用过去式，故填who/that discovered。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记过去式，定语从句的用法。
【答案】43．bottles；44．and；45．for；46．dangerous；47．to tell；48．a；49．Finally；50．created；51．them；52．is
【知识点】语法填空；环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍海洋垃圾的问题，呼吁人们少用塑料，不乱扔垃圾。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，非谓语动词，词性，主谓一致，不定冠词，连词搭配等多种用法。
43．句意：有时人们会扔掉水瓶或其他塑料制品。bottle是可数名词，此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式，故填bottles。
44．句意：人们可能不知道，风和雨可以把垃圾从陆地带到海洋。此处缺少连词，根据wind和rain可知构成并列关系，用and连接，故填and。
45．句意：它可以在海洋中存留数百年。hundreds of years是时间段，此处表示持续多长时间，故用介词for，表示remain的持续，故填for。
46．句意：塑料碎片对海洋动物非常危险。are系动词后缺少形容词在句中作表语，danger是名词，危险，dangerous是形容词，危险的，故填dangerous。
47．句意：一个名为"冲上岸"的组织提出了一个新想法，向人们讲述海洋中的问题。came up with是谓语，tell是动词，故此处在句中表示目的，用动词不定式形式，故填to tell。
48．句意：首先，他们从海滩上捡垃圾。beach是名词单数，第一次提及某物，用不定冠词，是以辅音音素开头的单词，故用不定冠词a表示泛指一个，故填a。
49．句意：最后，他们用塑料片制作出巨大的艺术品。final是形容词，最终的，此处在句中修饰整个句子，用副词finally，句首需大写首字母。故填Finally。
50．句意："冲上岸"已经创作了70多件这样的艺术作品。create是动词，根据助动词has可知时态是现在完成时，动词用过去分词形式，故填created。
51．句意：他们中的一些人现在正在世界各地进行展览。they是主格，他们，介词后用宾格作宾语，them是宾格，他们，故填them。
52．句意：他们认为塑料是食物，吃了它，就会生病甚至死亡。be是系动词原形，主语是不可数名词，故是第三人称单数，故用单三式is，故填is。
53．【答案】My Funniest Family MemoryThere are countless interesting memories in our family. Let me tell you one of them. It's about eating.I remember once, when I was at my grandma's house, it's time for dinner. I was so hungry that I ran to the table in a windy manner and started eating. I just had a bite of the food, feeling very spicy. I asked my mother, "Mom, why is vegetable pepper so hot " Mom ran over and tasted it. She said, "This is not vegetable pepper. It's pepper!" "Ah " I asked in confusion. This is chili. No wonder it's so spicy. "Give me some water!" The family laughed when they heard it. In fact, there are many interesting family stories, waiting for us to discover. As long as you are serious about discovering it, you will feel that family fun everywhere.
【知识点】命题作文；提纲作文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇提纲类作文，以"My Family Memory"为题，描述一下家的记忆，突出介绍发生了什么，什么时候发生的，谁在记忆里，表达你的感受或观点，时态一般过去时介绍过去，最后检查所用时态 人称是否符合要求，检查段落是否完整，句子表达是否准确，语法，拼写，标点，移行，大小写等方面是否有误。
【点评】本文结构紧凑，语言简练，要点齐全，文中ountless interesting memories，in confusion疑惑地，no wonder，等词汇的使用，使上下文意连接紧密 ，本文还采用了丰富的句型，比如运I was so hungry that I ran to the table in a windy manner and started eating，so that引导的结果状语从句，As long as you are serious about discovering it, you will feel that family fun everywhere，as long as引导的条件状语从句等复合句，大大增加了信息的容量，使文章增色不少。
1 / 1贵州省2023年中考英语真题
一、选词填空（共5个小题; 每小题1分, 满分5分）
（2023·贵州） 阅读下面短文，从框内6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。
A. if B. in C. activities D. this E. so F. different
Every year, on January 5th, the city of Harbin in northeast China changes into a winter wonderland. Tourists from all around the world come to visit 1． wonderful ice and snow festival.
The festival started in 1963 and began as a winter party. The festival often lasts for one month. However, 2． the weather stays cold and dry, it will go on for a few more days. Temperatures are usually very cold. They can go down to -17℃.
Ice sculptors(雕塑家) use 3． tools to carve the hard ice and snow. These sculptors display their works 4． two main areas. "Sun Island" has huge snow sculptures of people and animals. "Ice and Snow World" has sculptures of buildings. At night, these buildings light up with brightly-colored lights.
Visitors can do a lot of other 5． , such as skiing and ice sliding. They can also go swimming in the icy waters of the Songhua River.
【答案】1．D；2．A；3．F；4．B；5．C
【知识点】选词填空；社会活动类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍哈尔滨的冰雪节。
A. if，如果，B. in，在里面，C. activities，活动，D. this，这个，E. so，所以，F. different，不同的
【点评】考查选词填空，注意根据提示词和上下文的逻辑关系，推测词意，注意形容词，名词复数，连词等用法。
1．句意：自世界各地的游客来参观这个美妙的冰雪节。根据festival是名词，其前缺少短语，根据提示词可知是this，指示代词修饰名词单数，故填D。
2．句意：然而，如果天气保持寒冷和干燥，这种情况还会持续几天。此处缺少连词，根据the weather stays cold and dry, it will go on for a few more days，可知表示假设，提示词可知是if，引导条件状语从句，故填A。
3．句意：冰雕师使用不同的工具雕刻坚硬的冰雪。根据tools和提示词可知是形容词different修饰名词复数tools，故填F。
4．句意：这些雕塑家主要在两个区域展示他们的作品。根据main areas和提示词可知是in main areas，介词短语做地点状语，故填B。
5．句意：游客可以做很多其他的活动，比如滑雪和滑冰。a lot of修饰名词复数，根据skiing and ice sliding和提示词可知是活动，activities，是名词复数，故填C。
二、完形填空（共10个小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
（2023·贵州） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项。
A gentleman needed a young man to help him in his office, so he put an advertisement in a newspaper. Nearly fifty people applied for the job. He in a short time 6． one and sent the rest away.
"I should like to know," said a friend, "why did you 7． that young man, who didn't bring a recommendation(推荐信) with him "
"You are mistaken," said the gentleman. "He had a great many."
"He wiped his feet at the door and 8． the door after him, showing that he was tidy and orderly."
"He gave up his seat immediately to that old man, indicating that he was 9． and thoughtful."
"He took off his cap when he came in and answered my questions without delay(延迟), showing that he was polite and a 10． thinker."
"He lifted up the book which I had purposely laid on the floor, and 11． it on the table, while all the rest stepped over it, or kicked it aside, showing that he was careful."
"And he waited 12． for his turn instead of pushing the others aside, indicating that he was modest(谦逊的)."
"When I talked with him, I noticed that his 13． was carefully washed, his hair in nice order, and his teeth as white as milk. When he wrote his 14． , I observed that his fingernails were clean."
"Don't you call these 15． letters of recommendation I do and what I can tell about by using my eyes for ten minutes is worth more than all the fine letters he can bring to me."
6．A．missed B．chose C．described
7．A．thank B．interview C．prefer
8．A．closed B．repaired C．painted
9．A．honest B．calm C．kind
10．A．quick B．careful C．friendly
11．A．covered B．placed C．weighed
12．A．worriedly B．excitedly C．quietly
13．A．shirt B．bike C．umbrella
14．A．name B．diary C．score
15．A．opinions B．qualities C．feelings
【答案】6．B；7．C；8．A；9．C；10．A；11．B；12．C；13．A；14．A；15．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文主要是一位招聘者向朋友解释为什么聘请一个没有推荐信的人。
【点评】考查完形填空，注意词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意上下文的逻辑，并且考虑句型，语法搭配 ，语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。
6．句意：他很快就选了一个，把其余的都送走了。missed错过；described描述。根据Nearly fifty people applied for the job. He in a short time...one and sent the rest away可知，将近50人申请这份工作，他很快就选择了一个。故选B。
7．句意：你为什么更喜欢那个没有带推荐信的年轻人？thank感谢；interview面试；prefer更喜欢。根据why did you...that young man, who didn't bring a recommendation(推荐信) with him可知，朋友问为什么更喜欢一个没有推荐信的年轻人，故选C。
8．句意：他在门口擦了脚，走后把门关上，表明他整洁有序。closed关闭；repaired修理；painted涂。根据He wiped his feet at the door and他在门口擦了擦脚，可知应该是关门，故选A。
9．句意：马上把座位让给了那位老人，这表明他很善良，很体贴。honest诚实的；kind善良的。根据He gave up his seat immediately to that old man可知，让座给老人是善良的，故选C。
10．句意：他进来时摘下帽子，毫不拖延地回答了我的问题，这表明他很有礼貌，思维敏捷。quick迅速的；careful仔细的；friendly友好的。根据answered my questions without delay可知，毫不拖延地回答问题，说明思维敏捷。故选A。
11．句意：他把我故意放在地板上的书捡起来，放在桌子上，而其他所有人都踩着它，或者踢到一边，表明他很仔细。covered覆盖；placed放置；weighed称重。根据He lifted up the book which I had purposely laid on the floor, and...it on the table可知，把书捡起来放在桌子上，故选B。
12．句意：他安静地等着轮到他，而不是把别人推开，这表明他很谦虚。worriedly担心地；excitedly激动地；quietly安静地。根据indicating that he was modest表明他很谦虚，可知他安静地等着轮到自己，故选C。
13．句意：当我和他谈话时，我注意到他的衬衫洗得很仔细，头发很整齐，牙齿洁白如牛奶。shirt衬衫；bike自行车；umbrella雨伞。根据I noticed that his...was carefully washed可知，面试时注意到年轻人衬衫洗得很干净，故选A。
14．句意：他写名字的时候，我注意到他的指甲很干净。name名字；diary日记；score分数。根据When he wrote his..., I observed that his fingernails were clean可知，应聘需要留下信息，如名字，这时注意到指甲很干净。故选A。
15．句意：你不把这些品质称为推荐信吗？opinions意见；qualities品质；feelings感觉。前文提到年轻人一些好的品质，招聘者认为这些都是他的推荐信。故选B。
三、阅读理解（共12个小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分30分）
（2023·贵州） 阅读理解
16．How long do teenagers need to sleep at least every day
A．Seven hours. B．Eight hours. C．Nine hours.
17．What time do people feel the sleepiest during a day
A． B． C．
18．The writer proves a lack of sleep plays a role in accidents by ____.
A．asking questions B．listing numbers C．giving examples
19．Which of the following can be put in ▲
A．SUGGESTIONS B．FACTS C．PROBLEMS
【答案】16．B
17．A
18．C
19．B
【知识点】教育类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍关于睡眠的相关事实。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
16．细节题。根据Teenagers 8-10可知，青少年需要8-10小时的睡眠，所以是至少8小时。故选B。
17．细节题。根据" usually peaks twice a day, at 2 a.m. and 2 p.m.可知，疲劳通常在一天中达到高峰两次，即凌晨两点和下午2点。故选A。
18．推断题。根据④部分的介绍可知，作者通过举例证明睡眠不足是造成事故的原因之一。故选C。
19．推断题。本文主要介绍关于睡眠的相关事实，故FACTS，事实可以放在空缺处作为标题，故选B。
（2023·贵州） 阅读理解
The old lanes(巷子) of the Beijing hutongs many were there hundreds of years ago during the Ming and Qing dynasties. They keep not only the traditional culture but also the way of life in the past. People can go shopping, eat delicious food, and watch the street life by visiting the Beijing hutongs. What's more, it's a good way to learn more about the daily life of people in Beijing.
A hutong is a lane formed by traditional courtyard compounds(筑有围墙的院子) on both sides. The compounds are called siheyuan, meaning "four joined-together courtyard."
The hutongs have interesting names, which tell their origin(起源), location, or history. They are in these gray lanes where kids talk and play.
One of China's most famous writers, Laoshe, was born in siheyuan in the west of the city. The memories of his childhood in hutongs were so important to him that even after he had been away from Beijing for more than 20 years, he still clearly remembered them and wrote them into a novel called Four Generations under One Roof.
Now, Beijing still has about 400,000 siheyuan for people to live in. However, most hutongs are in great danger because more and more new buildings have been built. So, we should try our best to protect hutongs, the treasure of traditional culture.
20．What can we learn about the Beijing hutongs
A．They have a short history.
B．They are far from siheyuan.
C．They have interesting names.
21．The writer would most probably talk about ____ after Paragraph 5.
A．how we can know the Beijing hutongs better
B．what we can do to protect the Beijing hutongs
C．why many new buildings were built in Beijing
22．What could be the best title for the text
A．Laoshe—A Well-known Chinese Writer
B．Beijing Hutongs—The Treasure of China
C．Siheyuan—A Picture of the Qing Dynasty
23．We may read this text from the section of ____ in a newspaper.
A．Culture Window B．Famous People C．Eating Customs
【答案】20．C
21．B
22．B
23．A
【知识点】社会文化类；说明文；细节理解
【解析】【分析】本文介绍北京的胡同文化。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，猜测题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
20．细节题。根据The hutongs have interesting names可知，胡同有有趣的名字，故选C。
21．推断题。根据So, we should try our best to protect hutongs, the treasure of traditional culture可知，我们应该尽最大努力保护胡同这一传统文化的瑰宝，由此可知，后面可能会讨论我们可以做些什么来保护北京的胡同。故选B。
22．主旨题。本文主要介绍北京的胡同文化，选项B"北京胡同——中国的瑰宝"是最佳标题，故选B。
23．推断题。本文主要介绍北京的胡同文化，由此可知，可能在报纸的"文化之窗"版块看到这篇文章，故选A。
（2023·贵州） 阅读理解
Could you imagine being in a car driven by a computer, not a human Recently, China has made a big step toward self-driving technology. Since August 2022, driverless taxis can run on roads in Wuhan, Chongqing and Shenzhen.
Why do we develop self-driving cars
Self-driving cars bring us many benefits. They use computers to sense the things around them and make better use of space. This means fewer traffic jams and better parking of cars. For disabled or blind people, self-driving cars can also help them get around more easily.
According to official statistics, each year, more than 1.35 million people are killed on roads around the world, and more are injured. It's reported that self-driving cars could reduce road accidents by 90 percent and save governments a lot of money. The main cause of car accidents is human error(错误). By using computers, self-driving cars don't make poor decisions or lose focus like humans do.
But self-driving cars aren't perfect. If something unexpected on the road happens, self-driving cars can't react(反应) as fast as a human driver could. Also, during weather events like heavy snow, self-driving cars wouldn't see the lines on the road easily. It might lead to an accident. The car's computer system would be broken by someone, causing it to crash or change its direction.
It's clear that there is still a long way to go to make self-driving cars a common and safe sight(景象) on our roads. And China is taking the lead in making this happen, said China Daily.
24．What does the underlined word "They" in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．Disabled people. B．Self-driving cars. C．Taxi drivers.
25．What do we know about self-driving cars
A．They cannot make good use of space.
B．They always react faster than humans.
C．They do not lose focus like humans do.
26．We can infer(推断) that China ____ in self-driving technology.
A．will make greater progress
B．aided many other countries
C．is going to cut its total costs
27．The writer writes the text to ____.
A．encourage more people to buy self-driving cars
B．tell people several advantages of self-driving cars
C．introduce the present situation of self-driving cars
【答案】24．B
25．C
26．A
27．C
【知识点】科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍自动驾驶汽车的现状。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
24．词义猜测题。根据Self-driving cars bring us many benefits. They use computers to sense the things around them and make better use of space可知，自动驾驶汽车给我们带来了许多好处。它们用电脑来感知周围的事物，更好地利用空间。此处they指的是自动驾驶汽车，故选B。
25．细节题。根据"by using computers, self-driving cars don't make poor decisions or lose focus like humans do可知，通过使用计算机，自动驾驶汽车不会像人类那样做出糟糕的决定或注意力分散。故选C。
26．推断题。根据It's clear that there is still a long way to go to make self-driving cars a common and safe sight(景象) on our roads. And China is taking the lead in making this happen可知，要让自动驾驶汽车成为我们道路上常见而安全的景象，还有很长的路要走，中国正在率先实现这一目标，由此可知，中国将在自动驾驶技术方面取得更大的进步。故选A。
27．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍自动驾驶汽车的现状，包括自动驾驶汽车的优势和劣势，故选C。
四、任务型阅读（共5个小题;每小题2分,满分10分）
（2023·贵州） 根据短文内容，从6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。
Do you know what your IQ is You can find out by taking a test. But what about your EQ（情商） 28．
EQ is a measure of your ability to recognize（辨别）and manage your emotions, as well as the emotions of others, according to Psychology Today.
Simply put, having a high EQ means that you're a "people" person. You know yourself very well and you can easily understand others. 29． They are the ability to recognize your own emotions; the ability to use those emotions to solve problems; and the ability to manage emotions, such as by calming yourself down when you're feeling nervous.
Does it seem obvious to you that having a high EQ can be a good thing 30． They show great social skills, especially when they take up jobs that need them to deal with strangers often. According to MindTools, an online resource for career skill-building, many companies are now using EQ tests when interviewing new staff.
31． For example, when two friends have an argument, people with a high EQ can "read" the other person's emotions and know when and how to stop the argument, perhaps by ending it in a humorous way.
If you feel like you have a low EQ, don't worry. 32． A good way is using positive thinking to help you get out of failures. By doing so, you can improve your EQ gradually.
A. It's possible to improve it.
B. Do you know what EQ is
C. A low EQ will make us get into trouble.
D. Many experts divide EQ into three skills.
E. People with a high EQ perform much better at work.
F. Having a high EQ can help you in everyday life as well.
【答案】28．B；29．D；30．E；31．F；32．A
【知识点】任务型阅读；科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了情商高的人的特点以及怎样提高自己的情商。
A. It's possible to improve it.有可能改进。
B. Do you know what EQ is 你知道什么是情商吗
C. A low EQ will make us get into trouble.低情商会让我们陷入麻烦。
D. Many experts divide EQ into three skills.许多专家将情商分为三种技能。
E. People with a high EQ perform much better at work.情商高的人在工作中表现得更好。
F. Having a high EQ can help you in everyday life as well.拥有高情商对你的日常生活也有帮助。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，可以将整个文章首先浏览一遍，大概理解意思，根据逻辑关系，找到可以匹配信息的选项。
28．根据后句EQ is a measure of your ability to recognize（辨别）and manage your emotions, as well as the emotions of others, according to Psychology Today可知，此处介绍什么是情商，选项B"你知道什么是情商吗？"符合语境，故选B。
29．根据They are the ability to recognize your own emotions; the ability to use those emotions to solve problems; and the ability to manage emotions可知，它们是识别自己情绪的能力；运用这些情绪来解决问题的能力；以及管理情绪的能力。此处介绍情商的三种能力，选项D"许多专家将情商分为三种技能。"符合语境，故选D。
30．根据They show great social skills, especially when they take up jobs that need them to deal with strangers often可知，他们表现出出色的社交技巧，尤其是当他们从事需要经常与陌生人打交道的工作时。此处介绍情商在工作中的情况，选项E"情商高的人在工作中表现得更好。"符合语境，故选E。
31．根据 For example, when two friends have an argument, people with a high EQ can ‘read' the other person's emotions and know when and how to stop the argument, perhaps by ending it in a humorous way可知，例如，当两个朋友吵架时，高情商的人可以"读懂"对方的情绪，知道何时以及如何停止争吵，也许可以用幽默的方式结束。此处介绍情商在生活中的应用，选项F"拥有高情商对你的日常生活也有帮助。"符合语境，故选F。
32．根据A good way is using positive thinking to help you get out of failures. By doing so, you can improve your EQ gradually可知，一个好的方法是用积极的思维来帮助你摆脱失败。通过这样做，你可以逐渐提高你的情商。此处介绍情商是可以提高的，选项A"这是可以提高的。"符合语境，故选A。
五、任务型阅读（共5个小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分）
（2023·贵州） 阅读下面短文，根据其内容填空和回答问题。
WRITING SYSTEMS
Topic overview There are two main kinds of writing systems. ·alphabets(字母表) ·pictures Basic information ·First writing system: 3,000 BCE (Before Common Era) ·First alphabet system: 2,000-1,000 BCE ·Chinese writing system: from 1,000 BCE
Alphabet writing systems Some writing systems use alphabets. Alphabet writing systems use letters to tell you what sounds to make. Arabic and English both use an alphabet. There are 26 letters in the English alphabet and 28 letters in the Arabic alphabet. The first alphabet started in the Middle East 3,000 years ago. The English and Arabic alphabets both come from this alphabet. Picture or symbol writing systems Some writing systems use pictures or symbols to show the meaning of words. Picture writing started 5000 years ago in the Middle East. Modern Chinese also uses a picture writing system today. Japanese uses some of the symbols from the Chinese picture system. For example, the Chinese word for fish is "yu" and the Japanese word is "sakana", but both languages write it in the same way. There are thousands of symbols in picture writing systems -you have to learn 4,000 symbols to read Chinese. Writing systems and change Languages sometimes change their writing systems. Before 1423, the Korean language used the Chinese picture system. In 1423, the Koreans invented their own alphabet system. Now Korean uses an alphabet system. Turkey also changed its writing system. Before 1928, Turkish used the Arabic alphabet. Today it uses an alphabet like English, but with some extra symbols, like " " and " ". Do you use symbols Today, in many languages, we use symbols to explain what we mean. For example, many people use symbols likeandwhen they write text messages or emails. These symbols show how we feel. They are called emoticons(表情符号) because they tell people about our emotions. See also: Ancient civilizations: Middle East, China Languages: Arabic, Chinese, English, Japanese, Korean, Turkish writing system: the way of writing a language
33．The records show that the was invented in 3,000 BCE. (答案不超过3个单词)
34．Both the first alphabet and the picture writing started in . (答案不超过3个单词)
35．Some of the Japanese symbols the Chinese picture system. (答案不超过3个单词)
36．Korean changed its writing systems years earlier than Turkish. (答案不超过3个单词)
37．Do you like using emoticons such asand Why or why not (须用完整句子回答。)
【答案】33．first writing system
34．the Middle East
35．are from/come from
36．505
37．本题属于开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案：Yes, I do. Because emoticons can express my emotions better than words.
【知识点】任务型阅读；科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍书写系统的相关内容。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。
33．根据First writing system: 3,000 BCE可知，最早的文字系统出现于公元前3000年，故填first writing system。
34．根据"he first alphabet started in the Middle East 3,000 years ago."和"Picture writing started 5,000 years ago in the Middle East.可知，第一个字母表和图画文字都起源于中东，故填the Middle East。
35．根据Japanese uses some of the symbols from the Chinese picture system.可知，日语使用了一些来自中文文字系统的符号，故填are/come from。
36．根据In 1423, the Koreans invented their own alphabet system. Now Korean uses an alphabet system. Turkey also changed its writing system. Before 1928, Turkish used the Arabic alphabet可知，韩国和土耳其改变书写系统的时间分别是1423年和1928年，韩国比土耳其早了505年。故填505。
37．是的我喜欢所以表情符号，因为表情符号比文字更能表达我的情感，故填Yes, I do. Because emoticons can express my emotions better than words.
六、根据中文意思, 补全英语译文。（每空限填一词, 缩写算一词）（共5个小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分）
38．（2023·贵州） 《山行》是一首多么美的诗啊！
beautiful poem Going up the Hill is!
【答案】What；a
【知识点】汉译英；what引导的感叹句
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少：多么，语序是形容词+名词+主语+谓语，可知是感叹句，poem是可数名词单数，用What+a/an+adj+可数名词单数+主谓的向上，beautiful首字母发辅音音素，故用不定冠词a。故填What a。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记感叹句的用法。
39．（2023·贵州） 向他人学习并自我提升对我们极其重要。
others and improving ourselves is essential for us.
【答案】Learning；from
【知识点】汉译英；动名词；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少：向某人学习，learn from，此处用动名词作主语，故填Learning from。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记learn from，动名词作主语的用法。
40．（2023·贵州） 梵净山因其令人叹为观止的风光吸引大量的游客。
Mount Fanjing attracts tourists for its amazing scenery.
【答案】lots；of
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少：大量，lots of，固定搭配，修饰名词复数tourists，故答案为lots of。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记lots of的用法。
41．（2023·贵州） 事虽难，做则必成。
Difficult as the task is, get the job done if we keep working at it.
【答案】we；will
【知识点】汉译英；一般将来时
【解析】【分析】根据if we keep working at it可知，是条件状语从句，本句主语是我们，we，主句时态用一般将来时will+动词原形，故填we will。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记将来时，we的用法。
42．（2023·贵州） 中国科学家屠呦呦发现了一种治疗疟疾的有效药物。
Tu Youyou is the Chinese scientist an effective drug against malaria.
【答案】who/that；discovered
【知识点】汉译英；一般过去时；定语从句
【解析】【分析】此处含定语从句，先行词是人scientist，引导词在从句中作主语，用who/that引导定语从句；发现，discover，是动词，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时。故用过去式，故填who/that discovered。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记过去式，定语从句的用法。
七、语法填空（共10个小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
（2023·贵州） 阅读下面短文，在各题空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Each year, billions of pounds of garbage end up in the oceans. Sometimes people throw away water 43． (bottle) or other plastic. They do not recycle their garbage. People may not know that wind 44． rain can move garbage from land to sea. Plastic takes a very long time to break down. It can remain in the oceans 45． hundreds of years. Plastic pieces are very 46． (danger) to sea animals.
One group, Washed Ashore, came up with a new idea 47． (tell) people about the problems in the oceans. First, they take the garbage from 48． beach. Then, they clean and sort it. 49． (final), they work with the plastic pieces to make huge works of art. The artwork is mostly of sea creatures (生物).
Washed Ashore has 50． (create) more than seventy of these works of art. Some of 51． (they) are now traveling in a show all over the world. Each piece shows the effects of trash.
In one show, people learn how plastic fools fish and other sea animals. They think the plastic 52． (be) food, eat it, and get very sick or even die.
This would not happen if people used less plastic and did not litter. The plastic would not end up in the ocean.
【答案】43．bottles；44．and；45．for；46．dangerous；47．to tell；48．a；49．Finally；50．created；51．them；52．is
【知识点】语法填空；环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍海洋垃圾的问题，呼吁人们少用塑料，不乱扔垃圾。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，非谓语动词，词性，主谓一致，不定冠词，连词搭配等多种用法。
43．句意：有时人们会扔掉水瓶或其他塑料制品。bottle是可数名词，此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式，故填bottles。
44．句意：人们可能不知道，风和雨可以把垃圾从陆地带到海洋。此处缺少连词，根据wind和rain可知构成并列关系，用and连接，故填and。
45．句意：它可以在海洋中存留数百年。hundreds of years是时间段，此处表示持续多长时间，故用介词for，表示remain的持续，故填for。
46．句意：塑料碎片对海洋动物非常危险。are系动词后缺少形容词在句中作表语，danger是名词，危险，dangerous是形容词，危险的，故填dangerous。
47．句意：一个名为"冲上岸"的组织提出了一个新想法，向人们讲述海洋中的问题。came up with是谓语，tell是动词，故此处在句中表示目的，用动词不定式形式，故填to tell。
48．句意：首先，他们从海滩上捡垃圾。beach是名词单数，第一次提及某物，用不定冠词，是以辅音音素开头的单词，故用不定冠词a表示泛指一个，故填a。
49．句意：最后，他们用塑料片制作出巨大的艺术品。final是形容词，最终的，此处在句中修饰整个句子，用副词finally，句首需大写首字母。故填Finally。
50．句意："冲上岸"已经创作了70多件这样的艺术作品。create是动词，根据助动词has可知时态是现在完成时，动词用过去分词形式，故填created。
51．句意：他们中的一些人现在正在世界各地进行展览。they是主格，他们，介词后用宾格作宾语，them是宾格，他们，故填them。
52．句意：他们认为塑料是食物，吃了它，就会生病甚至死亡。be是系动词原形，主语是不可数名词，故是第三人称单数，故用单三式is，故填is。
八、写作（满分25分）
53．（2023·贵州）请结合下图内容及提示，以"My Family Memory"为题，根据写作要求，写一篇不少于80词的短文。
describe the memory What happened When did it happen Who was in the memory express your feelings or opinions What do you think of it Why do you think so
写作要求：
1. 结合实际，用适当的形容词补全标题。
2. 短文须包含图中所有信息，并适当拓展。
3. 文中不能出现真实的人名和校名。
【答案】My Funniest Family MemoryThere are countless interesting memories in our family. Let me tell you one of them. It's about eating.I remember once, when I was at my grandma's house, it's time for dinner. I was so hungry that I ran to the table in a windy manner and started eating. I just had a bite of the food, feeling very spicy. I asked my mother, "Mom, why is vegetable pepper so hot " Mom ran over and tasted it. She said, "This is not vegetable pepper. It's pepper!" "Ah " I asked in confusion. This is chili. No wonder it's so spicy. "Give me some water!" The family laughed when they heard it. In fact, there are many interesting family stories, waiting for us to discover. As long as you are serious about discovering it, you will feel that family fun everywhere.
【知识点】命题作文；提纲作文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇提纲类作文，以"My Family Memory"为题，描述一下家的记忆，突出介绍发生了什么，什么时候发生的，谁在记忆里，表达你的感受或观点，时态一般过去时介绍过去，最后检查所用时态 人称是否符合要求，检查段落是否完整，句子表达是否准确，语法，拼写，标点，移行，大小写等方面是否有误。
【点评】本文结构紧凑，语言简练，要点齐全，文中ountless interesting memories，in confusion疑惑地，no wonder，等词汇的使用，使上下文意连接紧密 ，本文还采用了丰富的句型，比如运I was so hungry that I ran to the table in a windy manner and started eating，so that引导的结果状语从句，As long as you are serious about discovering it, you will feel that family fun everywhere，as long as引导的条件状语从句等复合句，大大增加了信息的容量，使文章增色不少。
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