【快乐考生】2015届高中英语Unit 4 Earthquakes课时作业 人教新课标必修1
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| 名称 | 【快乐考生】2015届高中英语Unit 4 Earthquakes课时作业 人教新课标必修1 |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2014-11-22 09:30:34 | ||
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【快乐考生】2015届高考英语一轮总复习 Unit 4 Earthquakes课时作业 新人教版必修1
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2013·湖南卷)In my living room，there is a plaque(匾)that advises me to “Bloom (开花)where you are planted.” It reminds me of Dorothy.I got to know Dorothy in the early 1980s，when I was teaching Early Childhood Development through a program with Union College in Barbourville，Kentucky.The job responsibilities required occasional visits to the classroom of each teacher in the program.Dorothy stands out in my memory as one who “bloomed” in her remote area.
Dorothy taught in a school in Harlan County，Kentucky，Appalachian Mountain area.To get to her school from the town of Harlan，I followed a road winding around the mountain.In the eight-mile journey，I crossed the same railroad track five times，giving the possibility of getting caught by the same train five times.Rather than feeling excited by this drive through the mountains，I found it depressing.The poverty level was shocking and the small shabby houses gave me the greatest feeling of hopelessness.
From the moment of my arrival at the little school，all gloom(忧郁)disappeared.Upon arriving at Dorothy's classroom，I was greeted with smiling faces and treated like a queen.The children had been prepared to show me their latest projects.Dorothy told me with a big smile that they were serving poke greens salad and cornbread for “dinner” (lunch)．In case you don't know，poke greens are a weed-type plant that grows wild，especially on poor ground.
Dorothy never ran out of reports of exciting activities of her students.Her enthusiasm never cooled down.When it came time to sit for the testing and interviewing required to receive her Child Development Associate Certification，Dorothy was ready.She came to the assessment and passed in all areas.Afterward，she invited me to the one-and-only steak house in the area to celebrate her victory，as if she had received her Ph.D.degree.After the meal，she placed a little box containing an old pen in my hand.She said it was a family heirloom(传家宝)，but to me it is a treasured symbol of appreciation and pride that cannot be matched with things.
[文章大意]Dorothy在一所条件非常差的学校取得了很大的成功，这说明一个人取得成功与他在什么地方没有关系，最重要的是付出怎样的努力。
1．“Early Childhood Development” in Paragraph 1 refers to________.
A．a program directed by Dorothy
B．a course given by the author
C．an activity held by the students
D．an organization sponsored by Union College
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段的第三、四句可知，Early Childhood Development是作者教的一门课程。
答案：B
2．In the journey，the author was most disappointed at seeing________.
A．the long track B．the poor houses
C．the same train D．the winding road
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“the small shabby houses gave me the greatest feeling of hopelessness”可知。
答案：B
3．Upon arriving at the classroom，the author was cheered up by________.
A．a warm welcome B．the sight of poke greens
C．Dorothy's latest projects D．a big dinner made for her
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句可知，一到Dorothy的教室，作者就受到热烈的欢迎，这使得作者的忧虑消失了。
答案：A
4．What can we know about Dorothy from the last paragraph?
A．She was invited to a celebration at a restaurant.
B．She got a pen as a gift from the author.
C．She passed the required assessment.
D．She received her Ph.D.degree.
解析：推理判断题。文章最后一段提到Dorothy在面试时准备充分，而由“in the area to celebrate her victory”可知Dorothy已经通过了评估。
答案：C
5．What does the author mainly intend to tell us?
A．Whatever you do，you must do it carefully.
B．Whoever you are，you deserve equal treatment.
C．However poor you are，you have the right to education.
D．Wherever you are，you can accomplish your achievement.
解析：主旨大意题。文章通过讲述Dorothy在极其恶劣的环境下取得成功的故事来说明，一个人不管在什么地方只要付出努力都能取得成功。
答案：D
B
(2013·江苏模拟)Don't you just love ice skating every winter？I am sure，that since winter is approaching，your skates are set to come out，just waiting to be used.Impress your friends with your new trick on how to ice－skate backwards with the help of these tips.Skating backwards on ice is a bit difficult but once you master the basic，there's nothing like it.Follow the steps given below and you will be able to skate backwards in no time.
Stand Straight
The first thing that you need to do is，stand straight.If you feel that you are falling backwards，then just put your chin up and slightly bend your knees.Don't worry；this happens to all.
Confidence is What You Need
The most important step while learning how to skate backwards，is having enough confidence in yourself and in what you are doing.How can you achieve this？By practice.Just practice rolling backwards down a gentle slope every single day or just by pushing off from a wall or something of that sort.But before you do that，make sure that the place where you are practicing is free from any kind of debris(碎片)because otherwise，you could end up in the hospital due to some accident.While going backwards，just get used to the feeling of moving backwards.One of the important ice skating tips and techniques is that if you feel that you are losing your balance，then scissor(做剪式运动)your skates.Keep practicing this till you are confident about it.
Maintain Speed
Confident now？Great！Now the next step is to maintain your speed.While rolling in a straight line with one skate，with the other try sculling(划桨)，that is，keep pushing yourself backwards with an outwards stroke(划动)．Now bring the skate which you were using to scull，and then again，repeat the same process.Make sure that you put most of your weight on the skate which is moving straight and not the one with which you are sculling. Now，try the same thing using the other foot.Again keep doing this till you are confident enough.
Increase Your Speed Now
Once you are confident that you can scull with either foot，the next thing that you have to do is increase your speed.Try some of your own tricks now.Scull with either foot or with both at the same time.
Scull and Be Aware
While you keep one foot straight，keep sculling with the other.You can do that simultaneously(同时，一起)with both feet.Concentrate on what you are doing but don't get so involved that you don't see where you are going.If you are not watching your back，you might just bang against something or someone.
[文章大意]文章介绍了怎样培养向后滑冰，只要遵循步骤，你就会不断进步，最后成为倒滑高手。
6．According to the text confidence comes from________.
A．constant exercise B．strict coaches
C．high speed D．good techniques
解析：细节理解题。由“How can you achieve this？By practice.”可知A项正确。
答案：A
7．Which is the right order of ice－skating backwards?
a．Increasing your speed.
b．Being able to scull with one foot.
c．Being able to stand straight.
d．Trying some different tricks.
A．c→a→d→b B．c→b→d→a
C．c→b→a→d D．a→c→b→d
解析：细节理解题。由全篇文章可知正确的学习倒滑的步骤应选C项。
答案： C
8．In the last paragraph the author mainly wants to express________.
A．one must be brave to learn to ice－skate backwards
B．skating and keeping cautious are both important
C．it's difficult to concentrate when ice－skating backwards
D．it's a common thing to hit someone when ice－skating backwards
解析：主旨大意题。此段前两句话讲了溜冰，后面两句话讲了在溜冰的同时要注意看路看人，保持谨慎。所以选B项。
答案：B
9．The purpose of the text is________.
A．to offer some advice on ice－skating backwards
B．to introduce the culture of ice－skating backwards
C．to explain advantages of ice－skating backwards
D．to compare different ways of ice－skating backwards
解析：主旨大意题。这是一篇介绍如何倒着溜冰的指导材料。文章第一段最后一句“Follow the steps given below and you will be able to skate backwards in no time.”即为主旨。
答案：A
Ⅱ.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult __10__ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. She wished that he was as easy __11__(please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume.
Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not __12__ pleasant experience: people stepped on your feet or __13__ (push) you with their elbows(肘部), hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.
Jane paused in front of a counter __14__some attractive ties were on display. “They are real silk，” the assistant tried to attract her. “Worth double the price.”
But Jane knew from past experience that her __15__ (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father.
Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes __16__ sale. She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please __17__ .
When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents were already __18__ table having supper. Her mother was excited.“Your father has at last decided to stop smoking，” Jane __19__ (inform)．
10．_______ 11._______ 12._______ 13._______
14．_______ 15._______ 16._______ 17._______
18．_______ 19._______
10．解析：此处考查it用作宾语从句中的形式主语这一用法。
答案：it
11．解析：此处考查“形容词＋动词不定式”结构在句中作表语的用法。
答案：to please
12．解析：experience在此表示“经历”，是可数名词，所以这里应该是a pleasant experience(一次愉快的经历)。
答案：a
13．解析：由前面的stepped可知这里也应该用过去式，故用pushed。
答案：pushed
14．解析：where在此引导一个定语从句并在从句中作状语。
答案：where
15．解析：由空格前的物主代词her可知，此处应用choose的名词形式choice。
答案：choice
16．解析：on sale是固定搭配，表示“(廉价)出售”。
答案：on
17．解析：这里是说在给父亲买礼物，故此处用him来指代父亲。
答案：him
18．解析：由后面的having supper可知，这里是说坐在桌子旁边吃饭，故用at table来表示。
答案：at
19．解析：Jane被告知父亲已经决定戒烟了，所以此处用被动语态。
答案：was informed
Ⅲ.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2013·新课标卷Ⅰ)Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want.The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services.Most businesses seek to make a profit(利润)—that is，they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business.__20__Commonly called nonprofits，these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers.__21__
Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning，direction，and control of the operations of a business.__22__One is the establishment(制定)of broad basic policies with respect to production；sales；the purchase of equipment，materials and supplies；and accounting.__23__The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments.Direction is concerned primarily with supervision(监管)and guidance by the management in authority.__24__
A．Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.
B．In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.
C．Examples of nonprofit businesses include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.
D．However，some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.
E．The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.
F．In the theory of business management organization has two main aspects.
G．Planning in business management has three main aspects.
答案：20.D 21.C 22.G 23.E 24.A
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2013·湖南卷)In my living room，there is a plaque(匾)that advises me to “Bloom (开花)where you are planted.” It reminds me of Dorothy.I got to know Dorothy in the early 1980s，when I was teaching Early Childhood Development through a program with Union College in Barbourville，Kentucky.The job responsibilities required occasional visits to the classroom of each teacher in the program.Dorothy stands out in my memory as one who “bloomed” in her remote area.
Dorothy taught in a school in Harlan County，Kentucky，Appalachian Mountain area.To get to her school from the town of Harlan，I followed a road winding around the mountain.In the eight-mile journey，I crossed the same railroad track five times，giving the possibility of getting caught by the same train five times.Rather than feeling excited by this drive through the mountains，I found it depressing.The poverty level was shocking and the small shabby houses gave me the greatest feeling of hopelessness.
From the moment of my arrival at the little school，all gloom(忧郁)disappeared.Upon arriving at Dorothy's classroom，I was greeted with smiling faces and treated like a queen.The children had been prepared to show me their latest projects.Dorothy told me with a big smile that they were serving poke greens salad and cornbread for “dinner” (lunch)．In case you don't know，poke greens are a weed-type plant that grows wild，especially on poor ground.
Dorothy never ran out of reports of exciting activities of her students.Her enthusiasm never cooled down.When it came time to sit for the testing and interviewing required to receive her Child Development Associate Certification，Dorothy was ready.She came to the assessment and passed in all areas.Afterward，she invited me to the one-and-only steak house in the area to celebrate her victory，as if she had received her Ph.D.degree.After the meal，she placed a little box containing an old pen in my hand.She said it was a family heirloom(传家宝)，but to me it is a treasured symbol of appreciation and pride that cannot be matched with things.
[文章大意]Dorothy在一所条件非常差的学校取得了很大的成功，这说明一个人取得成功与他在什么地方没有关系，最重要的是付出怎样的努力。
1．“Early Childhood Development” in Paragraph 1 refers to________.
A．a program directed by Dorothy
B．a course given by the author
C．an activity held by the students
D．an organization sponsored by Union College
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段的第三、四句可知，Early Childhood Development是作者教的一门课程。
答案：B
2．In the journey，the author was most disappointed at seeing________.
A．the long track B．the poor houses
C．the same train D．the winding road
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“the small shabby houses gave me the greatest feeling of hopelessness”可知。
答案：B
3．Upon arriving at the classroom，the author was cheered up by________.
A．a warm welcome B．the sight of poke greens
C．Dorothy's latest projects D．a big dinner made for her
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句可知，一到Dorothy的教室，作者就受到热烈的欢迎，这使得作者的忧虑消失了。
答案：A
4．What can we know about Dorothy from the last paragraph?
A．She was invited to a celebration at a restaurant.
B．She got a pen as a gift from the author.
C．She passed the required assessment.
D．She received her Ph.D.degree.
解析：推理判断题。文章最后一段提到Dorothy在面试时准备充分，而由“in the area to celebrate her victory”可知Dorothy已经通过了评估。
答案：C
5．What does the author mainly intend to tell us?
A．Whatever you do，you must do it carefully.
B．Whoever you are，you deserve equal treatment.
C．However poor you are，you have the right to education.
D．Wherever you are，you can accomplish your achievement.
解析：主旨大意题。文章通过讲述Dorothy在极其恶劣的环境下取得成功的故事来说明，一个人不管在什么地方只要付出努力都能取得成功。
答案：D
B
(2013·江苏模拟)Don't you just love ice skating every winter？I am sure，that since winter is approaching，your skates are set to come out，just waiting to be used.Impress your friends with your new trick on how to ice－skate backwards with the help of these tips.Skating backwards on ice is a bit difficult but once you master the basic，there's nothing like it.Follow the steps given below and you will be able to skate backwards in no time.
Stand Straight
The first thing that you need to do is，stand straight.If you feel that you are falling backwards，then just put your chin up and slightly bend your knees.Don't worry；this happens to all.
Confidence is What You Need
The most important step while learning how to skate backwards，is having enough confidence in yourself and in what you are doing.How can you achieve this？By practice.Just practice rolling backwards down a gentle slope every single day or just by pushing off from a wall or something of that sort.But before you do that，make sure that the place where you are practicing is free from any kind of debris(碎片)because otherwise，you could end up in the hospital due to some accident.While going backwards，just get used to the feeling of moving backwards.One of the important ice skating tips and techniques is that if you feel that you are losing your balance，then scissor(做剪式运动)your skates.Keep practicing this till you are confident about it.
Maintain Speed
Confident now？Great！Now the next step is to maintain your speed.While rolling in a straight line with one skate，with the other try sculling(划桨)，that is，keep pushing yourself backwards with an outwards stroke(划动)．Now bring the skate which you were using to scull，and then again，repeat the same process.Make sure that you put most of your weight on the skate which is moving straight and not the one with which you are sculling. Now，try the same thing using the other foot.Again keep doing this till you are confident enough.
Increase Your Speed Now
Once you are confident that you can scull with either foot，the next thing that you have to do is increase your speed.Try some of your own tricks now.Scull with either foot or with both at the same time.
Scull and Be Aware
While you keep one foot straight，keep sculling with the other.You can do that simultaneously(同时，一起)with both feet.Concentrate on what you are doing but don't get so involved that you don't see where you are going.If you are not watching your back，you might just bang against something or someone.
[文章大意]文章介绍了怎样培养向后滑冰，只要遵循步骤，你就会不断进步，最后成为倒滑高手。
6．According to the text confidence comes from________.
A．constant exercise B．strict coaches
C．high speed D．good techniques
解析：细节理解题。由“How can you achieve this？By practice.”可知A项正确。
答案：A
7．Which is the right order of ice－skating backwards?
a．Increasing your speed.
b．Being able to scull with one foot.
c．Being able to stand straight.
d．Trying some different tricks.
A．c→a→d→b B．c→b→d→a
C．c→b→a→d D．a→c→b→d
解析：细节理解题。由全篇文章可知正确的学习倒滑的步骤应选C项。
答案： C
8．In the last paragraph the author mainly wants to express________.
A．one must be brave to learn to ice－skate backwards
B．skating and keeping cautious are both important
C．it's difficult to concentrate when ice－skating backwards
D．it's a common thing to hit someone when ice－skating backwards
解析：主旨大意题。此段前两句话讲了溜冰，后面两句话讲了在溜冰的同时要注意看路看人，保持谨慎。所以选B项。
答案：B
9．The purpose of the text is________.
A．to offer some advice on ice－skating backwards
B．to introduce the culture of ice－skating backwards
C．to explain advantages of ice－skating backwards
D．to compare different ways of ice－skating backwards
解析：主旨大意题。这是一篇介绍如何倒着溜冰的指导材料。文章第一段最后一句“Follow the steps given below and you will be able to skate backwards in no time.”即为主旨。
答案：A
Ⅱ.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult __10__ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. She wished that he was as easy __11__(please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume.
Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not __12__ pleasant experience: people stepped on your feet or __13__ (push) you with their elbows(肘部), hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.
Jane paused in front of a counter __14__some attractive ties were on display. “They are real silk，” the assistant tried to attract her. “Worth double the price.”
But Jane knew from past experience that her __15__ (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father.
Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes __16__ sale. She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please __17__ .
When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents were already __18__ table having supper. Her mother was excited.“Your father has at last decided to stop smoking，” Jane __19__ (inform)．
10．_______ 11._______ 12._______ 13._______
14．_______ 15._______ 16._______ 17._______
18．_______ 19._______
10．解析：此处考查it用作宾语从句中的形式主语这一用法。
答案：it
11．解析：此处考查“形容词＋动词不定式”结构在句中作表语的用法。
答案：to please
12．解析：experience在此表示“经历”，是可数名词，所以这里应该是a pleasant experience(一次愉快的经历)。
答案：a
13．解析：由前面的stepped可知这里也应该用过去式，故用pushed。
答案：pushed
14．解析：where在此引导一个定语从句并在从句中作状语。
答案：where
15．解析：由空格前的物主代词her可知，此处应用choose的名词形式choice。
答案：choice
16．解析：on sale是固定搭配，表示“(廉价)出售”。
答案：on
17．解析：这里是说在给父亲买礼物，故此处用him来指代父亲。
答案：him
18．解析：由后面的having supper可知，这里是说坐在桌子旁边吃饭，故用at table来表示。
答案：at
19．解析：Jane被告知父亲已经决定戒烟了，所以此处用被动语态。
答案：was informed
Ⅲ.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2013·新课标卷Ⅰ)Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want.The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services.Most businesses seek to make a profit(利润)—that is，they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business.__20__Commonly called nonprofits，these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers.__21__
Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning，direction，and control of the operations of a business.__22__One is the establishment(制定)of broad basic policies with respect to production；sales；the purchase of equipment，materials and supplies；and accounting.__23__The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments.Direction is concerned primarily with supervision(监管)and guidance by the management in authority.__24__
A．Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.
B．In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.
C．Examples of nonprofit businesses include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.
D．However，some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.
E．The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.
F．In the theory of business management organization has two main aspects.
G．Planning in business management has three main aspects.
答案：20.D 21.C 22.G 23.E 24.A