湖南省怀化市湖天中学高中英语 定语从句专项练习 人教新课标必修1

湖南省怀化市湖天中学高中英语 定语从句专项练习 新人教版必修1
一、基本概念
（一）定义及相关术语1．定语从句：复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。???1）关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that,?which,?who,?whom,?whose,?as等；关系副词有when,?where,?why等。?????2）关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如：
?The?man?who?is?shaking?hands?with?my?father?is?a?policeman.??该句中，who?is??shaking?hands?with?my?father?是定语从句，修饰先行词the?man，?“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the?man，在定语从句中作主语。
二、关系代词的用法
（一）基本用法
根据先行词的不同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同，选用不同的关系代词。
如下表：
关系词
先行词
从句成分
例句
备注
关系代词
who
人
主语，宾语
Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?
whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that
whom
人
宾语
Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working
The boy (whom) she loved died in the war.
whose
人，物
定语
I like those books whose topics are about history.
The boy whose father works abroad is my classmate.
that
人，物
主语，宾语
A plane is a machine that can fly.
She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.
which
物
主语，宾语
The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.
The picture which was about the accident was terrible.
as
人，物
主语，宾语
He is such a person as is respected by all of us.
This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.
as做宾语一般不省略
例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分）
① Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week? （作主语）
②The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. （作宾语）
③ The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay. （作定语）
注意：关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略，充当主语时则不能。（见上例②）
2．Whose??通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。I?visited?a?scientist?whose?name?is?known?all?over?the?country.?我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。I?once?lived?in?the?house?whose?roof?has?fallen?in.???我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：We live in a house,______windows face the sea.
We live in a house,______the windows face the sea.
We live in a house,the windows_____ face the sea
We live in a beautiful house,and the windows _____ face the sea
三、介词前提的问题:关系代词在定语从句中充当介词宾语时，介词可以前提至关系代词前。
Eg: Have you seen the pen (which) I wrote the note with just now? （which作介词with的宾语）
→Have you seen the pen with which I wrote the note just now?
但是，要注意的是：
(1)介词提前后，先行词是人或物，关系代词分别只能用whom和which，而不再用that或who。
⑵ 介词提前后，关系代词不再能省略。
⑶ 有些含有介词的短语动词中的介词不能前提，如：look for, look after, take care of等。
错误：Who is the old man to that you were talking to?
正确：Who is the old man to whom you were talking ? 或 Who is the old man (that/ whom) you were talking to?
错误：These are the sheep of which the boy took care.
正确：These are the sheep (which/that) the boy took care of.
四、关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句中的主谓一致
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词在人称和数上应与先行词一致。
例如：
Who is the guy that is reading over there?
The number of people that are going to the exhibition is expected to be over 25,000.
All that needs to be done has been done.
He is one of the students who use computer a lot for study.
Timmy is the only one of the pupils that has failed the exam.
例③中的all意为“一切”，作单数。例⑤中没通过考试的学生事实上只有一人，因此谓语动词也用单数。
that与which, who, whom的用法区别：
情况
用法说明
例句
只用that的情况
先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much,等不定代词时。
先行词被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修饰时
先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时
先行词既指人又指物时
先行词被the only, the very修饰时
句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时
1. He told me everything that he knows.
2. All the books that you offered have been given out.
3. This is the best film that I have ever read.
4. We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.
5. He is the only man that I want to see.
6. Who is the man that is making a speech?
只用which, who, whom的情况
在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人
在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。
先行词本身是that时，关系词用which, 先行词为those, one, he时多用who。
1. He has a son, who has gone abroad for further study.
2. I like the person to whom the teacher is talking.
3. Those who respect others are usually respected by others.
五．关系副词引导的定语从句1．??when??指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。?????I?still?remember?the?day?when=(…)?I?first?came?to?this?school.?????=on which??
?????The?time?when?we?got?together?finally?arrived.???????我们团聚的时刻终于到了。=during which2．??where??指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。Shanghai?is?the?city?where?I?was?born.??上海是我出生的城市。??=in which
3．??why??指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。Please?tell?me?the?reason?why you?missed?the?plane.??请告诉我你误机的原因。= for which
?????注意：关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。??????Great?changes?are?taking?place?in?the?city?where?/?in?which?they?live.??????The?reason?why?/?for?which?he?refused?the?invitation?is?quite?clear.?
4.以the?way为先行词的限制性定语从句做状语时通常由in?which或that引导，而且通常可以省略。如：The?way?(that?/?in?which?)?he?answered?the?questions?was?surprising.??
?I?don’t?like?the?way?(that?/?in?which)?you?laugh?at?her.????????我不喜欢你冲她的样子。
（五）限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句 (1)形式上：不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。
(2)意义上：是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。
(3)译法上：译成先行词的定语：“．．．的”(4)关系词的使用上：A．作宾语时可省略 B．可用that C．可用who?代替whom非限制性定语从句:(1)形式上：用逗号“，”与主句隔开。(2)意义上：只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。(3)译法上：通常译成主句的并列句。(4)关系词的使用上：A．不可省略 B．不用that C．不可用who?代替whom限制性定语从句举例：The?teacher?told?me?that?Tom?was?the??person?(that/who/whom)I?could?depend?on.??
China?is?a?country?which/that?has?a?long?history.??中国是一个历史悠久的国家。非限制性定语从句举例?：His?mother,?who?(不用that)loves?him?very?much,?is?strict?with?him.??
China,?which（不用that）?was?founded?in?1949,?is?becoming?more?and?more?powerful.?
?I?visited?the?People’s?Great?Hall,?in?which?many?important?meetings?are?held?every?year
高一定语从句专项练习(1)
1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which
2.Do you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke
C. I spoke to D. that I spoke
3.This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed
4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which
5.That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when
6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which
7.Great changes have taken place in the factory ____we are working since then. A. where B. that C. which D. there
8.This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked
9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked
10.The pen ______he is writing is mine. A.with which B.in which C.on which D.by which
11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that
12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. A.to whom B.on whom C.with which D. with whom
13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose
14.I'm interested in ______you have said. A. all that B.all what C. that D. which
15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as
16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be. A. who B. whom C. that D. as
17.He is good at English, ______we all know. A. that B. as C. whom D. what
18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much. A. I went with B. with whom I went
C. with who I went D.I went with him
19.I don't like ______ as you read. A. the novels B. the such novels
C. such novels D. same novels
20.He talked a lot about things and persons _______they remembered in the school. A. which B. that C. whom D. what
21.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing. A. which B. that C. whom D. who
22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women. A. them B. which C. whom D. who
23.You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it. A. who;/ B./; whom C. whom;/ D./; who
24.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now. A. whose title B. its title
C. the title of it D. the title of that
25.Last summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world. A.for which B.for that C.in which D what
26.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV. A. that B. which C. as D. it
27.I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together. A.when; which B.which; when
C.what; that D.on which; when
28.The way ______he looks at problems is wrong. A. which B. whose C. what D./
29.This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting. A. in which B. with which C. that D. for which
30.This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly. A.after which I have looked B. which I have looked after C. that I have looked after D. I have looked after
31.The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill. A. why; that B. that; why
C. for that; hat D. for which; what
32.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam. A.that B.which C.for which D.who
33.That is not the way ______I do it. A./ B.which C.for which D.with which
34.I have two grammars, ______are of great use. A. all of which B. either of which
C. both of that D. both of which
35.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago. A.as was B. which was C.as were D. which
36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them. A. who B. which C. that D. it
37.This is the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph. A. that B. which C. from that D. from which
38.He is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done. A. that B. which C. who D. as
39. You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes. A. / B. why C. when D. whose
40. Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular. A. that B. which C. it D. though
41. --- Did you ask the guard _______ happened? --- Yes, he told me all _______ he knew. A.what; that B. what; what C. which; which D. that; that
42. I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm with the farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life. A.when; who B.that; which C. which; that D. when; which
43. The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing. A.owns; are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are
44. During the days ________, he worked as a servant at the Browns.
A.followed B.following C.to follow D.that followed
45. Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn? A. that B. / C. which D. it
46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _______ he could see _____ was going on inside house. A. which; what B. through which; what
C.through that; what D. what; that
47. Is _______ some German friends visited last week? A. this school B. this the school
C. this school one D. this school where
48. John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected. A. as B. that C. what D. who
49. I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well. A. none of them B. neither of them
C. neither of which D. none of which
50. All that can be eaten _______ eaten up. A. are being B. has been C. had been D. have been （2）真题回顾
1. We went through a period _____ communications were very difficult in rural areas. (2008上海)
A. which B. whose C. in which D. with which
2. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree _____ they can be controlled on purpose. (2007重庆)
A. with which B. to which C. of which D. for which
3. The Beatles, _____ many of you are old enough to remember
came from Livepool.(2006)
A. what B. that C. how D. as
4. In an hour, we can travel to places _____ would have taken our ancestors days to reach. (2006上海)
A. where B. when C. which D. what
5. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction ________ she had come.（ 2006 重庆卷）
A. of which B. by which C. in which D. from which
6. George Orwell, ____ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. (2004全国)
A. the real name B. what his real name
C. his real name D. whose real name
7. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% ________ are sold abroad. (2004辽宁)
A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that
高一定语从句专项练习（1）
1-5 ACDCA 6-10 CAAAA 11-15 CDDAD 16-20 DBBCB 21-25 DCDAA 26-30 CADDB 31-35 ABADC 36-40 BDDAB 41-45 ADCDA 46-50 BBACB
（2）真题回顾
1-7 CBDCD DA
060