长春外国语学校2022-2023学年第一学期高三年级期末阶段测试
英语试卷
本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分, 共12页。考试结束后, 将答题卡交回。
注意事项:
1. 答题前, 考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚, 将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写, 字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4. 作图可先使用铅笔画出, 确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5. 保持卡面清洁, 不要折叠, 不要弄破、弄皱, 不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where are the speakers
A. In Singapore. B. In China. C. In Russia.
2. Who has probably arrived
A. The man’s dad. B. The man’s sister. C. The man’s friend.
3. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Wear warmer clothing. B. Follow him. C. Have lunch first.
4. Which is the most popular job nowadays
A. A surgeon. B. A general doctor. C. A dentist.
5. What are the speakers talking about
A. Fashion. B. Weather. C. Shopping.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Former roommates. B. Former classmates. C. Former co-workers.
7. Who is the woman’s best friend
A. Jessica. B. Samantha. C. Elaine.
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. What shape of glasses does the man recommend
A. Square. B. Round. C. Heart-shaped.
9. Which glasses are the least popular
A. The red ones. B. The gold ones. C. The purple ones.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。
10. What does the man need to fix
A. Plot. B. Grammar. C. Characters.
11. When will the book be published
A. In May. B. In June. C. In July.
12. How will the man return the book
A. By e-mail. B. By post. C. In person.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
13. Where are the speakers now
A. At the train station. B. In the Central Park. C. On the Rockaway Beach.
14. What do the speakers have in common
A. They both take pleasure in riding bikes.
B. They both live in the centre of New York.
C. They both celebrate Thanksgiving yearly.
15. What is true about the New York Subway
A. It runs around the clock.
B. It’s the longest in the world.
C. It offers free rides to foreigners.
16. How does the woman’s family spend Thanksgiving
A. Playing games together.
B. Watching a football game.
C. Having a meal with relatives.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
17. Who is the speaker probably talking to
A. Her recorder. B. Her teacher. C. Her friend.
18. What is the advantage of keeping a diary
A. It provides you with new ideas.
B. It helps you organize your goals.
C. It allows you to write better English.
19. Why does the speaker admire her friend
A. She is clever. B. She is humorous. C. She is hardworking.
20. What time is it probably
A. Early in the Morning. B. Around lunch time. C. Late in the evening.
第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题: 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Department for International Trade (DIT) is a UK Government department working with businesses based in the United Kingdom to ensure their success in international markets. Here are some events to be held by DIT.
International Business Festival — Future Transport
What could new technology in travel mean for business Hear the latest from the Government’s centres for autonomous vehicles and listen to the successful cases. The event will also predict near-future developments in transport and make a surprisingly strong business argument for more traditional ways of getting from A to B.
LOCATION: National Exhibition Center, West Midlands B401NT, United Kingdom
PRICING: 80 pounds for a festival pass and 40 pounds for a day pass. FESTll provides a 20 percent discount until the end of April.
TEL: 0121-7804141
International E-Commerce Workshop
This workshop will enable you to develop your digital skills, raise your global brand presence, and allow you to test new markets with minimal investment. You will learn how to develop a strategy in online routes to market, identify multi-channel and B2B online opportunities.
LOCATION: East Midlands Business Ltd, Unit 5 Merus Court, United Kingdom
PRICING: Free
TEL: 0658-1714889
International Business Festival — Urbanisation (城市化) & Cities
Examine the considerable leadership and governance challenges that must be overcome if cities are to fulfil their potential as engines for growth. Find opportunities in a changing world and meet future partners, buyers, investors and develop relationships.
LOCATION: Exhibition Centre Liverpool, Kings Dock, L3 4BX, United Kingdom
PRICING: 105 pounds for a festival pass and 50 pounds for a day pass. FEST11 provides a 20 percent discount until the end of April.
TEL: 0289-6032899
Please call at 0789-1056888 if you are having any problems registering for the site.
1. Which number should you call if you have some questions about future transport event
A. 0658-1714889. B. 0789-1056888.
C. 0121-7804141. D. 0289-6032899.
2. Where should the participants go to join in the International E-Commerce Workshop
A. Exhibition Centre Liverpool. B. East Midlands Business Ltd.
C. Kings Dock, L3 4BX. D. West Midlands B401NT.
3. How much will you pay at least for a day pass of the International Business Festival
A. 105 pounds. B. 21 pounds. C. 10 pounds. D. 40 pounds.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章讲介绍了英国政府的一个部门——国际贸易部(DIT)的三个活动。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“International Business Festival — Future Transport（国际商展——未来运输）”下的“TEL: 0121-7804141”可知，如果对未来的交通事件有疑问，可拨打0121-7804141。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“International E-Commerce Workshop（国际电子商务研讨会）”下的“LOCATION: East Midlands Business Ltd, Unit 5 Merus Court, United Kingdom”可知，参加“国际电子商务研讨会”的人士应前往East Midlands Business Ltd. ，故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“International Business Festival — Urbanisation (城市化) & Cities（国际商业节-城市化与城市）”下的“PRICING: 105 pounds for a festival pass and 50 pounds for a day pass. FESTll provides a 20 percent discount until the end of April.（票价：节日票105英镑，一天票50英镑。FESTll在4月底前提供20%的折扣。）”可知，一天票价减去20%的折扣是40英镑。故选D。
B
Born on July 1st, 1948, in the small Italian city of Palmi, Roberto Crea was a genius kid. He moved to the Netherlands and majored in Biological Chemistry. It was this university that directed his interest in the synthesis(合成) of nucleotides, the basic units that are required to build DNA. At that time, not many researchers studied the combination of genes, but Roberto’s strong chemistry background made a historical invention possible.
In 1977, he joined the Genentech, Inc. and the gene synthesis team at City of Hope Medical School. The company funded Dr. Crea’s ongoing research on gene synthesis. After working day and night, the brilliant individual finally invented a new procedure that improved the chemical synthesis of genes. Thanks to his rich knowledge and the joint efforts of the excellent Genentech team, he made use of this discovery to produce the human insulin(胰岛素) genes, A and B. It was his invention that allowed Genentech to be labeled as the first producer of human protein. This benefited hundreds of millions of people suffering from diabetes(糖尿病) all over the world.
Today Roberto is known as the father of synthetic insulin and almost won the Nobel Prize. His efforts did not stop after discovering the synthetic insulin; in fact, he was more than driven and tried to make more contributions to the field of biotechnology. His team of experts discovered Ziconotide under his teachings and guidance. According to leading scientists and researchers, this drug is more powerful and effective than morphine(吗啡), and the best part of this is that it has zero side-effects.
Dr. Roberto Crea has a long list of creditable discoveries and researches that he has achieved in 65 years of his life. He is an inspiration for many individuals who aim to add value to humanity with the help of science.
4. What may contribute to Roberto’s invention of the human insulin genes
A. His good luck in his life. B. His curiosity about his study.
C. His creative imagination. D. His knowledge of chemistry.
5. What do the underlined words “this discovery” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. A special way of producing human protein.
B. A reliable method for curing people of diabetes.
C. A new procedure for improving gene synthesis.
D. A simple technique of separating human genes.
6. What do we know about Roberto in Paragraph 3
A. He won a Nobel Prize.
B. He stuck to his scientific research.
C. He discovered morphine with his team.
D. He retired after making the great discovery.
7. Which of the following best describes Roberto
A. Enthusiastic and generous. B. Courageous and calm.
C. Ambitious and patient. D. Committed and talented.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Roberto Crea博士在发明合成人胰岛素方面的突出贡献。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第一段“but Roberto’s strong chemistry background made a historical invention possible.(Roberto强大的化学背景使一个历史发明成为可能)”可知，发明人类胰岛素的原因是Roberto拥有相关化学知识。故选D。
【5题详解】
短语猜测题。根据文章第二段画线词上文“After working day and night, the brilliant individual finally invented a new procedure that improved the chemical synthesis of genes(在日夜工作之后，这位才华横溢的人终于发明了一种新的方法，改进了基因的化学合成)”可推知，画线部分“这一发现”是指上文提到的一种改进基因合成的新方法。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章第三段“His efforts did not stop after discovering the synthetic insulin; in fact, he was more than driven and tried to make more contributions to the field of biotechnology.(在发现合成胰岛素后，他的努力没有停止；事实上，他非常有动力，并试图在生物技术领域做出更多的贡献)”可推知，Roberto坚持他的科学研究。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章首句“Born on July 1st, 1948, in the small Italian city of Palmi, Roberto Crea was a genius kid.(Roberto Crea在1948年7月1日出生在意大利小城Palmi，是个天才)”可知，Roberto Crea是有天赋的。再通读全文以及文章最后一段“Dr. Roberto Crea has a long list of creditable discoveries and researches that he has achieved in 65 years of his life.(Roberto Crea博士在他65年的生命中取得了一长串值得信赖的发现和研究成果)”可推知，Roberto Crea全心全意地投身在自己的研究领域之中。故选D。
C
Rain is vital to life on Earth. However, rain isn’t just made of water anymore — it’s partly made of plastic.
Millions of tiny pieces of plastic, called microplastics, are wandering around Earth’s atmosphere and traveling across entire continents, according to a study published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on April 12. Another study, published in the journal Science in June 2020, has revealed that every year more than 1,000 tons of the particles — equivalent to over 120 million plastic bottles — fall in rain.
Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter and come from a number of sources. Plastic bags and bottles released into the environment break down into smaller and smaller bits. Some microplastics are manufactured deliberately to provide abrasion in a host of products, such as toothpaste and cleansers, according to the Daily Mail. Another major source is your washing machine. When you wash synthetic clothing, tiny microfibers get flushed away with the wastewater. Even though the water is treated by a wastewater plant, the microplastics remain, and they are released into the sea, according to American magazine Wired.
Plastic rain may remind people of acid rain, but the former is far more widespread and harder to deal with. The tiny particles, too small to be seen with the naked eye, are collected by the wind from the ground. They are so light that they stay in the air to be blown around the globe. As they climb into the atmosphere, they are thought to act as nuclei around which water vapor condenses to form clouds. Some of the dust falls back to land in dry conditions, while the rest comes down as rain, according to the Daily Mail.
Microplastics have been found everywhere you can imagine. From fish and frogs to mice and mosquitoes, their bodies have been found, on average, to contain 40 pieces of microplastic, reported Daily Mail. As the top of the food chain, humans are exposed to microplastics, too. “ We live on a ball inside a bubble,” microplastic researcher Steve Allen at University of Strathelyde, Scotland, told Wired. “There are no borders, there are no edges. It (plastic rain) is raining on the land and then getting blown back up into the air again, to move somewhere else. There’s no stopping it once it’s out.”
8. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. How microplastics are used widely.
B. How microplastics come into being.
C. How microplastics pollute water.
D. How microplastics should be handled.
9. What do we know about microplastics
A. They are light and can be easily dealt with.
B. They result in both acid rain and plastic rain.
C. They have nearly affected the whole food chain.
D. They have a diameter of at least 5 millimeters.
10. What do Steve Allen’s words mean in the last paragraph
A. Countries should work together to fight pollution.
B. The atmosphere possesses the capacity to self-cleanse.
C. It is important to remove microplastics somewhere else.
D. No place is safe from microplastic pollution.
11. Which of the following can be the best title
A. The sources and effects of microplastics.
B. The difference between acid rain and plastic rain.
C. The dangers of microplastics.
D. The microplastics in food chain.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，该研究表明雨水不再仅仅是由水构成的，它部分由塑料构成。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter and come from a number of sources. Plastic bags and bottles released into the environment break down into smaller and smaller bits. Some microplastics are manufactured deliberately to provide abrasion in a host of products, such as toothpaste and cleansers, according to the Daily Mail. Another major source is your washing machine. When you wash synthetic clothing, tiny microfibers get flushed away with the wastewater. Even though the water is treated by a wastewater plant, the microplastics remain, and they are released into the sea, according to American magazine Wired.(微塑料是直径小于5毫米的塑料颗粒，来源多种多样。释放到环境中的塑料袋和塑料瓶被分解成越来越小的碎片。据《每日邮报》报道，一些微塑料是故意制造出来的，以在牙膏和洗面奶等一系列产品中产生磨损作用。另一个主要来源是你的洗衣机。当你洗合成衣物时，微小的微纤维会随着废水一起被冲走。据美国《连线》杂志报道，尽管污水处理厂对这些水进行了处理，但微塑料仍然存在，并被释放到海洋中。)”可知，第三段介绍了微塑料的几种来源，故本段是讲述微塑料是如何产生形成的。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Microplastics have been found everywhere you can imagine. From fish and frogs to mice and mosquitoes, their bodies have been found, on average, to contain 40 pieces of microplastic, reported Daily Mail. As the top of the food chain, humans are exposed to microplastics, too.(你能想到的任何地方都有微塑料。据《每日邮报》报道，从鱼、青蛙到老鼠、蚊子，他们的体内平均含有40个塑料微粒。作为食物链的顶端，人类也会接触到微塑料。)”可知，微塑料几乎可以在任何地方被发现，由此可推断，微塑料几乎影响了整个食物链。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““We live on a ball inside a bubble,” microplastic researcher Steve Allen at University of Strathelyde, Scotland, told Wired. “There are no borders, there are no edges. It (plastic rain) is raining on the land and then getting blown back up into the air again, to move somewhere else. There’s no stopping it once it’s out.”(“我们生活在一个泡泡里的球上，”苏格兰斯特拉希利德大学的微塑料研究员Steve Allen告诉《连线》杂志。“没有边界，没有边缘。它(塑料雨)在陆地上下雨，然后再次被吹回空中，移动到其他地方。一旦泄露出去，就无法阻止了。”)”可知，在Steve Allen看来，世界上没有任何一个地方可以免受微塑料的污染。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Rain is vital to life on Earth. However, rain isn’t just made of water anymore — it’s partly made of plastic.(雨对地球上的生命至关重要。然而，雨水不再仅仅是由水构成的，它部分由塑料构成。)”可知，现在的雨水中含有塑料；文章第三段“Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter and come from a number of sources.(微塑料是直径小于5毫米的塑料颗粒，来源多种多样。)”；文章第四段“Plastic rain may remind people of acid rain, but the former is far more widespread and harder to deal with.(塑料雨可能会让人想起酸雨，但前者的影响范围更广，也更难处理。)”可知，文章用雨引出微塑料无处不在这一话题，并分析了微塑料的来源以及影响。故选A。
D
Electronics woven (编织) into fabrics promise to open up all kinds of interesting possibilities, from clothing that monitors muscle activity and tracks breathing, to garments that can talk to one another. Developing pliable power sources to go with them is an equally important field of research, so scientists at the University of British Columbia have put forward a particularly impressive solution that they say could be the first ever battery that is both stretchable and washable.
To develop a battery with such capabilities, the scientists reimagined the way these devices are put together. Rather than forming a lithium-ion battery packed with hardened materials inside a rigid exterior, the team turned to an alternative chemistry in zinc-manganese (锌锰) dioxide, which is appealing for its low cost and safety. These materials were ground down into tiny pieces and inset in a polymer (聚合物) to form very thin and stretchable layers.
“We went with zinc-manganese because for devices worn next to the skin, it’s a safer chemistry than lithium-ion batteries, which can produce deadly compounds when they break,” says Nguyen.
The resulting battery is flexible and can be stretched to twice its normal length, has a specific capacity of 160 mAh g-1 and keeps 75 percent of its capacity over 500 charge and discharge cycles. Impressively, the team found the battery to withstand 39 wash cycles so far.
The team is now working to improve the power output and lifetime of the battery, and says the creation has already attracted commercial interest, with the cost expected to be similar to a standard rechargeable battery. They imagine it being put to use in watches and patches that measure vital signs, and in smart clothing that does much the same thing.
12. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “pliable” in paragraph 1
A Strong. B. Multiple.
C. Reliable. D. Flexible.
13. What was a major consideration for introducing zinc-manganese battery
A. Safety. B. Hardness.
C. Comfortableness. D. Convenience.
14. Which aspect of the new battery impressed the researchers in paragraph 4
A. Its stretch length. B. Its washability.
C. Its massive capacity. D. Its charge speed.
15. What is the main idea of the text
A. Electronic clothing is well received.
B. Clothing fitted with new battery is on the way.
C. Flexible and washable power sources woven into clothing will be available.
D. Electronics woven into fabrics open up possibilities.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新的研究发现，该研究致力于在衣服上编织柔性可洗电源。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文“so scientists at the University of British Columbia have put forward a particularly impressive solution that they say could be the first ever battery that is both stretchable and washable.(因此英属哥伦比亚大学的科学家们提出了一个特别令人印象深刻的解决方案，他们说这可能是有史以来第一个既可拉伸又可清洗的电池。)”和第四段中“The resulting battery is flexible and can be stretched to twice its normal length(这种电池很灵活，可以拉伸到正常长度的两倍)”可知，划线词所在句意为：开发与之配套的柔韧能源也是一个同样重要的研究领域，划线词pliable为“柔韧的”之意。选项A“Strong (强壮的)”；选项B“Multiple (多个的)”；选项C“Reliable (可依赖的)”；选项D“Flexible(柔韧的、灵活的)”。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Rather than forming a lithium-ion battery packed with hardened materials inside a rigid exterior, the team turned to an alternative chemistry in zinc-manganese (锌锰) dioxide, which is appealing for its low cost and safety. (该团队没有在坚硬的外壳内用硬化材料填充锂离子电池，而是转向了锌锰二氧化锌的替代化学物质，这种化学反物质因其低成本和安全而具有吸引力。)”以及文章第三段““We went with zinc-manganese because for devices worn next to the skin, it’s a safer chemistry than lithium-ion batteries, which can produce deadly compounds when they break,” says Nguyen.(“我们选择了锌锰电池，因为对于佩戴在皮肤附近的设备来说，它比锂离子电池更安全，锂离子电池在破裂时会产生致命的化合物，”Nguyen说。)”可知，该团队引入锌锰电池主要考虑到安全性。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Impressively, the team found the battery to withstand 39 wash cycles so far.(令人印象深刻的是，研究小组发现，到目前为止，这种电池可以承受39次洗涤循环。)”可知，令研究小组印象深刻的是这种电池可以承受39次洗涤循环。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Electronics woven (编织) into fabrics promise to open up all kinds of interesting possibilities, from clothing that monitors muscle activity and tracks breathing, to garments that can talk to one another. Developing pliable power sources to go with them is an equally important field of research, so scientists at the University of British Columbia have put forward a particularly impressive solution that they say could be the first ever battery that is both stretchable and washable. (编织在织物中的电子产品有望开启各种有趣的可能性，从监测肌肉活动和跟踪呼吸的衣服，到可以相互交谈的衣服。开发柔性电源是一个同样重要的研究领域，因此英属哥伦比亚大学的科学家们提出了一个特别令人印象深刻的解决方案，他们说这可能是有史以来第一个既可拉伸又可清洗的电池。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了研究人员正在将柔性电源编织到衣服之中。故选C。
第二节(共5小题: 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Shyness is normal and it is not considered as a mental problem. All people have been shy at one time or another. Even the most confident people experienced being shy. ____16____.
You probably are wondering why you are shy. It may be because of the environment you were used to or the way you were brought up. Certain events or incidents in the past may also lead to the reason why you are shy now. ____17____ Most shy people have shy parents and relatives and it is not surprising to find out that they too have become shy persons.
One of the negative sides of being shy is having the tendency to be passive. Most of the time shy people can’t stand up for themselves and what they believe is right. ____18____This apparently influences their social life as well as work, family and other aspects of their life.
While shyness has negative aspects, it has positive sides. Shy people are usually good observers and do not get themselves into too much trouble because they try to observe their environment or any situation before they act. ____19____ They can also make great friends. Since they have difficulties in social scenes, making friends seems to be a must. Therefore, they value their friends wholeheartedly and have proven to be loyal and thoughtful friends.
____20____ Some of them born with shy parents have successfully battled against being shy. This contributes to their constant self-improvement, developing self-esteem and trying to be exposed to new environments.
A. But in most cases, shyness proves to be genetic.
B. They are sensitive and accustomed to getting suspicious.
C. Because some people are born to be shy, they let it go hang.
D. So if you’re feeling shy, don’t worry because you are not alone.
E. They are not hot-headed and think twice before making any decisions.
F. Although shyness is something from birth it can be improved over time.
G. They avoid crowds by nature and stay away from groups and social interactions.
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. G 19. E 20. F
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章分析了人们会害羞的原因、介绍了害羞的弊端和益处以及害羞是可以慢慢克服的这一事实。
【16题详解】
第一段是全文的开篇，前三句话“Shyness is normal and it is not considered as a mental problem. All people have been shy at one time or another. Even the most confident people experienced being shy. (害羞是正常的，它不被认为是一种精神问题。所有的人都曾有过害羞的时候。即使是最自信的人也会感到害羞) ”讲到害羞是正常现象，所有人，包括最自信的人，都曾害羞过，D项“So if you’re feeling shy, don’t worry because you are not alone.(所以，如果你感到害羞，不要担心，因为你不是一个人)”是本段的结论，正因为人人都会害羞，所以不用担心，与上文构成因果关系。故选D项。
【17题详解】
上文“It may be because of the environment you were used to or the way you were brought up. Certain events or incidents in the past may also lead to the reason why you are shy now.(这可能是因为你所习惯的环境或者你被抚养长大的方式。过去的某些事情或事件也可能是导致你现在害羞的原因) ”讲感到害羞可能与成长环境和特定事件等外部因素有关，而下文“Most shy people have shy parents and relatives and it is not surprising to find out that they too have become shy persons.(大多数害羞的人都有害羞的父母和亲戚，所以不难发现他们也成了害羞的人)”讲害羞可能来自父母亲戚的遗传、基因，是内部因素，上下文之间有转折对比关系，A项 “But in most cases, shyness proves to be genetic.(但在大多数情况下，害羞是遗传的)”起到承上启下的作用。故选A项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“This apparently influences their social life as well as work, family and other aspects of their life.(这显然影响了他们的社会生活以及工作、家庭和生活的其他方面)”中指示代词this可知，上文中应出现其指代内容，而且该内容会影响到人们的社会生活以及工作、家庭和生活的其他方面，G 项“They avoid crowds by nature and stay away from groups and social interactions.(他们天生避开人群，远离群体和社会交往)”中所描述害羞的人会“避开人群，远离群体和社会交往”这一行为，会对人们的方方面面造成极大的影响，正是下文代词this指代的 对象，与下文构成逻辑上的顺承关系。故选G项。
【19题详解】
根据段首中心句“While shyness has negative aspects, it has positive sides.(虽然害羞有消极的方面，但它也有积极的方面)”可知，本段主要介绍“害羞”的积极意义，E项“They are not hot-headed and think twice before making any decisions.(他们不会头脑发热，在做任何决定之前都会再三考虑)”讲害羞的人做事情会深思熟虑，这是对中心句中“positive sides”的举例说明，同时，与其上文和下文构成并列关系，都是对中心句的举例说明。故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据下文“Some of them born with shy parents have successfully battled against being shy. This contributes to their constant self-improvement, developing self-esteem and trying to be exposed to new environments.(一些人出生时父母就很害羞，但他们成功地战胜了害羞。这有助于他们不断自我完善，发展自尊，尝试接触新环境) ”可知，本段主要讲了害羞是可以战胜的，F项“Although shyness is something from birth, it can be improved over time.(虽然害羞是与生俱来的，但它可以随着时间的推移而改善)”讲害羞可以改善，作为段首中心句，是对全段内容的准确概括，且句中“it can be improved ”与下文“their constant self-improvement, developing self-esteem”相照应。故选F项。
第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分45分)
第一节(共15小题: 每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Several months ago, a tornado fiercely hit our city without any signs before. We hadn’t ____21____ for it in advance, so we were just forced to go into our ____22____ actions. I happened not to be in the classroom when it attacked. Hearing the alarm screaming, I rushed ____23____ as fast as I could back to the classroom.
Never did I imagine that we would put our regular ____24____ to use. Never did I imagine that my students had ____25____against the wall and crouched (蹲) down on their knees. Their eyes were obviously filled with ____26____ as they asked if their parents, pets, and friends would be okay. I, along with other teachers, tried our best to ____27____ them, though we actually didn’t know what the ____28____ would be.
I couldn’t ____29____ the tornado any more. However, I’m very proud of my students who performed so well. In such a ____30____ and dangerous situation, they behaved beyond their ages. Never in my life had I seen them ____31____ instructions so quickly, without any hesitation. Though some tears were dropping and some hearts were beating fast, the kids were incredibly ____32____. I’m extremely proud that they struggled to calm down because of their ____33____ in me.
Because of the tornado, I realized that my job as a teacher meant a lot. Behind every well-behaved students are a long line of teachers who have made it their life’s ____34____ to educate them with safety, courage, calmness and trust. Though the tornado has presented ____35____, I’m sure we can handle them one by one.
21. A. paid B. searched C. accounted D. prepared
22. A. agency B. education C. emergency D. selection
23. A. suddenly B. finally C. secretly D. immediately
24. A. games B. trainings C. languages D. savings
25. A. mixed up B. stood out C. lined up D. spoken out
26. A. panic B. anger C. shame D. puzzle
27 A. encounter B. comfort C. satisfy D. praise
28. A. problem B. result C. success D. reason
29. A. hate B. expect C. see D. approach
30. A. simple B. ideal C. scary D. strange
31. A. follow B. provide C. repeat D. change
32. A. fortunate B. honest C. confident D. brave
33. A. trust B. pride C. interest D. growth
34 A. reward B. power C. wisdom D. goal
35. A. chances B. challenges C. adventures D. discussions
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了工作中突遇龙卷风来袭，学生们有序避难，以及通过这次事件得出的感慨。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们没有提前做好准备，所以不得不采取紧急行动。设空处与for构成短语，A. paid for支付；B. searched for寻找；C. accounted for导致；D. prepared for为……做准备。根据上文的“Several months ago, a tornado fiercely hit our city without any signs before. (几个月前，一场龙卷风猛烈袭击了我们的城市，之前没有任何迹象)”和下文的“in advance”可知，因为龙卷风来前没有任何迹象，所以没有提前做准备。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. agency机构；B. education教育；C. emergency紧急；D. selection选择。因为没有提前做出应对龙卷风的准备，所以只能采取紧急行动。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：听到警报声，我立即尽可能快地赶回了教室。A. suddenly突然；B. finally最终；C. secretly秘密地；D. immediately立即。龙卷风来袭，警报响起，由此语境可知，作者立刻跑回教室。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没想过我们的日常培训会派上用场。A. games游戏；B. trainings训练；培训；C. languages语言；D. savings存款。根据下文学生们有序地靠墙避难的行动可知，他们平时进行过演练。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我从来没有想过我的学生们会靠着墙排成一排，跪下来。A. mixed up混淆；B. stood out突出；C. lined up排成行；D. spoken out说出。根据避难的常识及“against the wall靠着墙”可知，学生们靠着墙排成一行。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们询问父母、宠物和朋友是否会没事时，他们的眼里显然充满了恐慌。A. panic恐慌；B. anger生气；C. shame羞耻；D. puzzle谜。由龙卷风来袭及学生们担心家人朋友的语境可知，他们是感到害怕惊慌的。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和其他老师一起尽力安慰他们，尽管我们实际上也不知道结果会是什么。A. encounter遭遇；B. comfort安慰；C. satisfy使满意；D. praise表扬。因为学生们感到恐慌，所以老师们对他们进行安慰。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. problem问题；B. result结果；C. success成功；D. reason原因。因为龙卷风正在来袭，老师们也无法得知会造成什么样的后果。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很讨厌龙卷风。A. hate讨厌；B. expect期待；C. see看到；D. approach接近。根据后一句中的However转折和“I’m very proud of my students who performed so well”可知，作者讨厌龙卷风，但为学生们应对龙卷风的表现感到自豪。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在如此可怕和危险的情况下，他们的行为表现超越了他们的年龄。A. simple简单的；B. ideal理想的；C. scary恐怖的；D. strange奇怪的。根据龙卷风的特性可知，它是危险可怕的。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一生中从未见过他们如此迅速、毫不犹豫地遵循指示。A. follow遵循；听从；B. provide提供；C. repeat重复；D. change改变。根据下文的“instructions指示”可知，“follow遵循；听从”符合句意。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然有泪水在滴落，心跳紧张地加快，但孩子们都非常勇敢。A. fortunate幸运的；B. honest诚实的；C. confident自信的；D. brave勇敢的。根据后文“they struggled to calm down(他们努力冷静下来)”可知，面对龙卷风正在来袭，学生们是勇敢的。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我非常自豪，他们努力地冷静下来源于对我的信任。A. trust信任；B. pride骄傲；C. interest兴趣；D. growth成长。根据作者是一名教师的身份可知，“trust信任”符合句意，学生们能够冷静下来是因为对老师的信任，呼应第14空的后的“trust”。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在每一个品行端正学生背后，都有许许多多的老师，他们把用安全、勇气、冷静和信任教育学生作为自己的人生目标。A. reward奖励；B. power能力；C. wisdom智慧；D. goal目标。根据下文的“to educate them with safety, courage, calmness and trust(用安全、勇气、冷静和信任教育他们)”可知，这是老师教育的目标。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然龙卷风带来了挑战，但我相信我们能够一一应对。A. chances机会；B. challenges挑战；C. adventures优势；D. discussions讨论。根据后半句“I’m sure we can handle them one by one.(但我相信我们能够一一应对)”可知，人们应对的是挑战，“challenges挑战”符合句意。故选B。
第二卷
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese consumers have shown ____36____ (increase) demand for high-quality and intelligent products containing innovative technologies during this year’s Singles Day shopping extravaganza, which has played ____37____ vital role in stimulating consumers’ purchasing appetites and promoting a ____38____ (recover) in consumption, experts said.
While the country has announced measures ____39____ (optimize) its COVID-19 rules, domestic consumption is expected to ____40____ (far) gain growth momentum in the coming months, they said, and called for more efforts to unleash consumers’ purchasing potential and provide greater ____41____ (finance)support for self-employed businesses, tourism, retailers, and entertainment and cultural sectors ____42____ have been affected by the pandemic. ____43____ China’s biggest online shopping event, the multiday promotional campaign has demonstrated the enormous vitality and resilience of consumer spending, despite pressure such as the COVID-19 pandemic and external uncertainties, industry observers said.
Data from Tmall, Alibaba’s business-to-customer platform, ____44____ (show) 25,343 brands saw sales surpass 1 million yuan ($140,500) from 8 pm on Oct 31 to midnight on Friday. The turnover of more than 2,000 _____45_____ (brand) exceeded 10 million yuan during this period.
【答案】36. increasing
37. a 38. recovery
39. to optimize
40. further
41. financial
42. that##which
43. As 44. showed
45. brands
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了，在今年的双十一购物狂欢中，中国消费者对包含创新技术的高品质智能产品的需求日益增长，这在刺激消费者的购买欲望和促进消费复苏方面发挥了至关重要的作用。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：专家表示，在今年的双十一购物狂欢中，中国消费者对包含创新技术的高品质智能产品的需求日益增长，这在刺激消费者的购买欲望和促进消费复苏方面发挥了至关重要的作用。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词作定语，修饰空后的名词“demand”，increasing增加的，形容词。故填increasing。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：专家表示，在今年的双十一购物狂欢中，中国消费者对包含创新技术的高品质智能产品的需求日益增长，这在刺激消费者的购买欲望和促进消费复苏方面发挥了至关重要的作用。“role”为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，空后“vital”为辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。play a vital role in在……中发挥重要作用，故填a。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：专家表示，在今年的双十一购物狂欢中，中国消费者对包含创新技术的高品质智能产品的需求日益增长，这在刺激消费者的购买欲望和促进消费复苏方面发挥了至关重要的作用。分析句子成分可知，不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填recovery。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们说，虽然国家已经宣布了措施来优化新冠肺炎规则，但预计未来几个月国内消费将进一步获得增长动力，并呼吁加大力度释放消费者的购买潜力，并为受疫情影响的个体经营企业、旅游、零售商、娱乐和文化部门提供更大的财政支持。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to optimize。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：他们说，虽然国家已经宣布了措施来优化新冠肺炎规则，但预计未来几个月国内消费将进一步获得增长动力，并呼吁加大力度释放消费者的购买潜力，并为受疫情影响的个体经营企业、旅游、零售商、娱乐和文化部门提供更大的财政支持。分析句子成分可知，空处为副词修饰动词“gain”。故填further。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们说，虽然国家已经宣布了措施来优化新冠肺炎规则，但预计未来几个月国内消费将进一步获得增长动力，并呼吁加大力度释放消费者的购买潜力，并为受疫情影响的个体经营企业、旅游、零售商、娱乐和文化部门提供更大的财政支持。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词“support”。故填financial。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他们说，虽然国家已经宣布了措施来优化新冠肺炎规则，但预计未来几个月国内消费将进一步获得增长动力，并呼吁加大力度释放消费者的购买潜力，并为受疫情影响的个体经营企业、旅游、零售商、娱乐和文化部门提供更大的财政支持。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“self-employed businesses, tourism, retailers, and entertainment and cultural sectors”，关系词在定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which或that。故填that/which。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：行业观察人士表示，作为中国最大的网上购物活动，尽管面临COVID-19大流行和外部不确定性等压力，但为期数天的促销活动显示出消费者支出的巨大活力和弹性。根据句意可知，空处为介词，意为“作为”，用as；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填As。
【44题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：来自阿里巴巴B2C平台——天猫的数据显示，从10月31日晚8点到周五午夜，25343个品牌的销售额超过了100万元(140,500美元)。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“from 8 pm on Oct 31 to midnight on Friday”可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故填showed。
【45题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：2000多个品牌在此期间营业额超过1000万元。brand品牌，可数名词，根据空前的“more than 2,000”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填brands。
第四部分写作(共一节, 满分25分)
46. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was summer, and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before. He decided to take me on a trip to the Wild West.
We took a plane to Albuquerque, a big city in the state of New Mexico. We reached Albuquerque in the late afternoon. Uncle Paul, my dad’s friend, picked us up from the airport and drove us up to his farm in Pecos.
His wife Tina cooked us a delicious dinner and we got to know his sons Ryan and Kyle. My dad and I spent the night in the guestroom of the farm house listening to the frogs and water rolling down the river nearby. Very early in the morning, Uncle Paul woke us up to have breakfast. “The day starts at dawn on my farm,” he said. After breakfast, I went to help Aunt Tina feed the chickens, while my dad went with Uncle Paul to take the sheep out to graze (吃草). I was impressed to see my dad and Uncle Paul riding horses. They looked really cool.
In the afternoon, I asked Uncle Paul if I could take a horse ride, and he said yes, as long as my dad went with me. I wasn’t going to take a horse ride by myself anyway. So, my dad and I put on our new cowboy hats, got on our horses, and headed slowly towards the mountains. “Don’t be late for supper,” Uncle Paul cried, “and keep to the track so that you don’t get lost!” “OK!” my dad cried back. After a while Uncle Paul and his farm house were out of sight. It was so peaceful and quiet and the colors of the brown rocks, the deep green pine trees, and the late afternoon sun mixed to create a magic scene. It looked like a beautiful woven (编织的) blanket spread out upon the ground just for us.
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
Paragraph 1：
Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
We had no idea where we were and it got dark.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse. Its abrupt appearance scared my horse, making it run off the track wildly. I spared no efforts to hold on as hard as I could and my dad was trying to keep up, extremely worried about my safety. Fortunately, minutes later, the horse stopped before a river, out of breath. Relieved, we looked around trying to find the track. However, it was nowhere to be found. So aimlessly did the frightened horse run that we got lost unconsciously.
Paragraph 2:
We had no idea where we were and it got dark. Nothing in sight was familiar and neither did we know where the farm house was. Just at the point of desperation, from the distance came a faint voice. “It must be Uncle Paul,” I exclaimed excitedly. That we didn’t come back for dinner made him realize something unusual might have happened. So my uncle went out to look for us. Finally, we reached our uncle’s farm house safe and sound.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了父亲带儿子去西部荒野的一个朋友家体验农场生活，见父亲和叔叔骑马，儿子也很想骑，于是亲身上马体验的经历。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，一只小兔子跳到了我的马前。”可知，第一段可描写兔子出现后带来的反应扩展开，可以写马的反应，也可以写人的反应，但要注意与第二段首句相呼应。
②由第二段首句内容“我们不知道自己在哪里，天黑了。”可知，第二段可呼应前文保罗叔叔的叮嘱——不要误吃晚饭，可从如何寻路返回农场去写。
2.续写线索：兔子出现——马受惊——迷路——天黑——被叔叔找到——到达农舍
3.词汇激活
行为类
使惊吓：scare/frighten
努力：spare no efforts to /try one’s best
叫喊：exclaim/shout
情绪类
疯狂：wildly / madly
担心：worried /concerned
【点睛】[高分句型1] Its abrupt appearance scared my horse, making it run off the track wildly. (运用了现在分词作结果状语)
[高分句型2] Nothing in sight was familiar and neither did we know where the farm house was. (运用了部分倒装和where引导的宾语从句)
听力答案：1-5 BCACB 6-10 BBACB 11-15 CBAAA 16-20 CABAC长春外国语学校2022-2023学年第一学期高三年级期末阶段测试
英语试卷
本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分, 共12页。考试结束后, 将答题卡交回。
注意事项:
1. 答题前, 考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚, 将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写, 字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4. 作图可先使用铅笔画出, 确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5. 保持卡面清洁, 不要折叠, 不要弄破、弄皱, 不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1 Where are the speakers
A. In Singapore. B. In China. C. In Russia.
2. Who has probably arrived
A. The man’s dad. B. The man’s sister. C. The man’s friend.
3. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Wear warmer clothing. B. Follow him. C. Have lunch first.
4. Which is the most popular job nowadays
A. A surgeon. B. A general doctor. C. A dentist.
5. What are the speakers talking about
A. Fashion. B. Weather. C. Shopping.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A Former roommates. B. Former classmates. C. Former co-workers.
7. Who is the woman’s best friend
A. Jessica. B. Samantha. C. Elaine.
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. What shape of glasses does the man recommend
A. Square. B. Round. C. Heart-shaped.
9. Which glasses are the least popular
A. The red ones. B. The gold ones. C. The purple ones.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。
10. What does the man need to fix
A. Plot. B. Grammar. C. Characters.
11. When will the book be published
A. In May. B. In June. C. In July.
12. How will the man return the book
A. By e-mail. B. By post. C. In person.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
13. Where are the speakers now
A. At the train station. B. In the Central Park. C. On the Rockaway Beach.
14. What do the speakers have in common
A. They both take pleasure in riding bikes.
B. They both live in the centre of New York.
C. They both celebrate Thanksgiving yearly.
15. What is true about the New York Subway
A. It runs around the clock.
B. It’s the longest in the world.
C. It offers free rides to foreigners.
16. How does the woman’s family spend Thanksgiving
A. Playing games together.
B. Watching a football game.
C. Having a meal with relatives.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
17. Who is the speaker probably talking to
A. Her recorder. B. Her teacher. C. Her friend.
18. What is the advantage of keeping a diary
A. It provides you with new ideas.
B. It helps you organize your goals.
C. It allows you to write better English.
19. Why does the speaker admire her friend
A. She is clever. B. She is humorous. C. She is hardworking.
20. What time is it probably
A. Early in the Morning. B. Around lunch time. C. Late in the evening.
第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题: 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Department for International Trade (DIT) is a UK Government department working with businesses based in the United Kingdom to ensure their success in international markets. Here are some events to be held by DIT.
International Business Festival — Future Transport
What could new technology in travel mean for business Hear the latest from the Government’s centres for autonomous vehicles and listen to the successful cases. The event will also predict near-future developments in transport and make a surprisingly strong business argument for more traditional ways of getting from A to B.
LOCATION: National Exhibition Center, West Midlands B401NT, United Kingdom
PRICING: 80 pounds for a festival pass and 40 pounds for a day pass. FESTll provides a 20 percent discount until the end of April.
TEL: 0121-7804141
International E-Commerce Workshop
This workshop will enable you to develop your digital skills, raise your global brand presence, and allow you to test new markets with minimal investment. You will learn how to develop a strategy in online routes to market, identify multi-channel and B2B online opportunities.
LOCATION: East Midlands Business Ltd, Unit 5 Merus Court, United Kingdom
PRICING: Free
TEL: 0658-1714889
International Business Festival — Urbanisation (城市化) & Cities
Examine the considerable leadership and governance challenges that must be overcome if cities are to fulfil their potential as engines for growth. Find opportunities in a changing world and meet future partners, buyers, investors and develop relationships.
LOCATION: Exhibition Centre Liverpool, Kings Dock, L3 4BX, United Kingdom
PRICING: 105 pounds for a festival pass and 50 pounds for a day pass. FEST11 provides a 20 percent discount until the end of April.
TEL: 0289-6032899
Please call at 0789-1056888 if you are having any problems registering for the site.
1. Which number should you call if you have some questions about future transport event
A. 0658-1714889. B. 0789-1056888.
C. 0121-7804141. D. 0289-6032899.
2. Where should the participants go to join in the International E-Commerce Workshop
A. Exhibition Centre Liverpool. B. East Midlands Business Ltd.
C. Kings Dock, L3 4BX. D. West Midlands B401NT.
3. How much will you pay at least for a day pass of the International Business Festival
A. 105 pounds. B. 21 pounds. C. 10 pounds. D. 40 pounds.
B
Born on July 1st, 1948, in the small Italian city of Palmi, Roberto Crea was a genius kid. He moved to the Netherlands and majored in Biological Chemistry. It was this university that directed his interest in the synthesis(合成) of nucleotides, the basic units that are required to build DNA. At that time, not many researchers studied the combination of genes, but Roberto’s strong chemistry background made a historical invention possible.
In 1977, he joined the Genentech, Inc. and the gene synthesis team at City of Hope Medical School. The company funded Dr. Crea’s ongoing research on gene synthesis. After working day and night, the brilliant individual finally invented a new procedure that improved the chemical synthesis of genes. Thanks to his rich knowledge and the joint efforts of the excellent Genentech team, he made use of this discovery to produce the human insulin(胰岛素) genes, A and B. It was his invention that allowed Genentech to be labeled as the first producer of human protein. This benefited hundreds of millions of people suffering from diabetes(糖尿病) all over the world.
Today Roberto is known as the father of synthetic insulin and almost won the Nobel Prize. His efforts did not stop after discovering the synthetic insulin; in fact, he was more than driven and tried to make more contributions to the field of biotechnology. His team of experts discovered Ziconotide under his teachings and guidance. According to leading scientists and researchers, this drug is more powerful and effective than morphine(吗啡), and the best part of this is that it has zero side-effects.
Dr. Roberto Crea has a long list of creditable discoveries and researches that he has achieved in 65 years of his life. He is an inspiration for many individuals who aim to add value to humanity with the help of science.
4. What may contribute to Roberto’s invention of the human insulin genes
A. His good luck in his life. B. His curiosity about his study.
C His creative imagination. D. His knowledge of chemistry.
5. What do the underlined words “this discovery” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. A special way of producing human protein.
B. A reliable method for curing people of diabetes.
C. A new procedure for improving gene synthesis.
D. A simple technique of separating human genes.
6. What do we know about Roberto in Paragraph 3
A. He won a Nobel Prize.
B. He stuck to his scientific research.
C. He discovered morphine with his team.
D. He retired after making the great discovery.
7. Which of the following best describes Roberto
A. Enthusiastic and generous. B. Courageous and calm.
C. Ambitious and patient. D. Committed and talented.
C
Rain is vital to life on Earth. However, rain isn’t just made of water anymore — it’s partly made of plastic.
Millions of tiny pieces of plastic, called microplastics, are wandering around Earth’s atmosphere and traveling across entire continents, according to a study published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on April 12. Another study, published in the journal Science in June 2020, has revealed that every year more than 1,000 tons of the particles — equivalent to over 120 million plastic bottles — fall in rain.
Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter and come from a number of sources. Plastic bags and bottles released into the environment break down into smaller and smaller bits. Some microplastics are manufactured deliberately to provide abrasion in a host of products, such as toothpaste and cleansers, according to the Daily Mail. Another major source is your washing machine. When you wash synthetic clothing, tiny microfibers get flushed away with the wastewater. Even though the water is treated by a wastewater plant, the microplastics remain, and they are released into the sea, according to American magazine Wired.
Plastic rain may remind people of acid rain, but the former is far more widespread and harder to deal with. The tiny particles, too small to be seen with the naked eye, are collected by the wind from the ground. They are so light that they stay in the air to be blown around the globe. As they climb into the atmosphere, they are thought to act as nuclei around which water vapor condenses to form clouds. Some of the dust falls back to land in dry conditions, while the rest comes down as rain, according to the Daily Mail.
Microplastics have been found everywhere you can imagine. From fish and frogs to mice and mosquitoes, their bodies have been found, on average, to contain 40 pieces of microplastic, reported Daily Mail. As the top of the food chain, humans are exposed to microplastics, too. “ We live on a ball inside a bubble,” microplastic researcher Steve Allen at University of Strathelyde, Scotland, told Wired. “There are no borders, there are no edges. It (plastic rain) is raining on the land and then getting blown back up into the air again, to move somewhere else. There’s no stopping it once it’s out.”
8. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. How microplastics are used widely.
B. How microplastics come into being.
C. How microplastics pollute water.
D. How microplastics should be handled.
9. What do we know about microplastics
A. They are light and can be easily dealt with.
B. They result in both acid rain and plastic rain.
C. They have nearly affected the whole food chain.
D. They have a diameter of at least 5 millimeters.
10. What do Steve Allen’s words mean in the last paragraph
A. Countries should work together to fight pollution.
B. The atmosphere possesses the capacity to self-cleanse.
C. It is important to remove microplastics somewhere else.
D. No place is safe from microplastic pollution.
11. Which of the following can be the best title
A. The sources and effects of microplastics.
B The difference between acid rain and plastic rain.
C. The dangers of microplastics.
D. The microplastics in food chain.
D
Electronics woven (编织) into fabrics promise to open up all kinds of interesting possibilities, from clothing that monitors muscle activity and tracks breathing, to garments that can talk to one another. Developing pliable power sources to go with them is an equally important field of research, so scientists at the University of British Columbia have put forward a particularly impressive solution that they say could be the first ever battery that is both stretchable and washable.
To develop a battery with such capabilities, the scientists reimagined the way these devices are put together. Rather than forming a lithium-ion battery packed with hardened materials inside a rigid exterior, the team turned to an alternative chemistry in zinc-manganese (锌锰) dioxide, which is appealing for its low cost and safety. These materials were ground down into tiny pieces and inset in a polymer (聚合物) to form very thin and stretchable layers.
“We went with zinc-manganese because for devices worn next to the skin, it’s a safer chemistry than lithium-ion batteries, which can produce deadly compounds when they break,” says Nguyen.
The resulting battery is flexible and can be stretched to twice its normal length, has a specific capacity of 160 mAh g-1 and keeps 75 percent of its capacity over 500 charge and discharge cycles. Impressively, the team found the battery to withstand 39 wash cycles so far.
The team is now working to improve the power output and lifetime of the battery, and says the creation has already attracted commercial interest, with the cost expected to be similar to a standard rechargeable battery. They imagine it being put to use in watches and patches that measure vital signs, and in smart clothing that does much the same thing.
12. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “pliable” in paragraph 1
A. Strong. B. Multiple.
C. Reliable. D. Flexible.
13. What was a major consideration for introducing zinc-manganese battery
A. Safety. B. Hardness.
C. Comfortableness. D. Convenience.
14. Which aspect of the new battery impressed the researchers in paragraph 4
A. Its stretch length. B. Its washability.
C. Its massive capacity. D. Its charge speed.
15. What is the main idea of the text
A. Electronic clothing is well received.
B. Clothing fitted with new battery is on the way.
C. Flexible and washable power sources woven into clothing will be available.
D. Electronics woven into fabrics open up possibilities.
第二节(共5小题: 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Shyness is normal and it is not considered as a mental problem. All people have been shy at one time or another. Even the most confident people experienced being shy. ____16____.
You probably are wondering why you are shy. It may be because of the environment you were used to or the way you were brought up. Certain events or incidents in the past may also lead to the reason why you are shy now. ____17____ Most shy people have shy parents and relatives and it is not surprising to find out that they too have become shy persons.
One of the negative sides of being shy is having the tendency to be passive. Most of the time shy people can’t stand up for themselves and what they believe is right. ____18____This apparently influences their social life as well as work, family and other aspects of their life.
While shyness has negative aspects, it has positive sides. Shy people are usually good observers and do not get themselves into too much trouble because they try to observe their environment or any situation before they act. ____19____ They can also make great friends. Since they have difficulties in social scenes, making friends seems to be a must. Therefore, they value their friends wholeheartedly and have proven to be loyal and thoughtful friends.
____20____ Some of them born with shy parents have successfully battled against being shy. This contributes to their constant self-improvement, developing self-esteem and trying to be exposed to new environments.
A. But in most cases, shyness proves to be genetic.
B. They are sensitive and accustomed to getting suspicious.
C. Because some people are born to be shy, they let it go hang.
D. So if you’re feeling shy, don’t worry because you are not alone.
E. They are not hot-headed and think twice before making any decisions.
F. Although shyness is something from birth, it can be improved over time.
G. They avoid crowds by nature and stay away from groups and social interactions.
第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分45分)
第一节(共15小题: 每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Several months ago, a tornado fiercely hit our city without any signs before. We hadn’t ____21____ for it in advance, so we were just forced to go into our ____22____ actions. I happened not to be in the classroom when it attacked. Hearing the alarm screaming, I rushed ____23____ as fast as I could back to the classroom.
Never did I imagine that we would put our regular ____24____ to use. Never did I imagine that my students had ____25____against the wall and crouched (蹲) down on their knees. Their eyes were obviously filled with ____26____ as they asked if their parents, pets, and friends would be okay. I, along with other teachers, tried our best to ____27____ them, though we actually didn’t know what the ____28____ would be.
I couldn’t ____29____ the tornado any more. However, I’m very proud of my students who performed so well. In such a ____30____ and dangerous situation, they behaved beyond their ages. Never in my life had I seen them ____31____ instructions so quickly, without any hesitation. Though some tears were dropping and some hearts were beating fast, the kids were incredibly ____32____. I’m extremely proud that they struggled to calm down because of their ____33____ in me.
Because of the tornado, I realized that my job as a teacher meant a lot. Behind every well-behaved students are a long line of teachers who have made it their life’s ____34____ to educate them with safety, courage, calmness and trust. Though the tornado has presented ____35____, I’m sure we can handle them one by one.
21. A. paid B. searched C. accounted D. prepared
22. A. agency B. education C. emergency D. selection
23. A. suddenly B. finally C. secretly D. immediately
24. A. games B. trainings C. languages D. savings
25. A. mixed up B. stood out C. lined up D. spoken out
26. A. panic B. anger C. shame D. puzzle
27. A. encounter B. comfort C. satisfy D. praise
28. A. problem B. result C. success D. reason
29. A. hate B. expect C. see D. approach
30. A. simple B. ideal C. scary D. strange
31. A. follow B. provide C. repeat D. change
32. A. fortunate B. honest C. confident D. brave
33. A. trust B. pride C. interest D. growth
34. A. reward B. power C. wisdom D. goal
35. A. chances B. challenges C. adventures D. discussions
第二卷
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese consumers have shown ____36____ (increase) demand for high-quality and intelligent products containing innovative technologies during this year’s Singles Day shopping extravaganza, which has played ____37____ vital role in stimulating consumers’ purchasing appetites and promoting a ____38____ (recover) in consumption, experts said.
While the country has announced measures ____39____ (optimize) its COVID-19 rules, domestic consumption is expected to ____40____ (far) gain growth momentum in the coming months, they said, and called for more efforts to unleash consumers’ purchasing potential and provide greater ____41____ (finance)support for self-employed businesses, tourism, retailers, and entertainment and cultural sectors ____42____ have been affected by the pandemic. ____43____ China’s biggest online shopping event, the multiday promotional campaign has demonstrated the enormous vitality and resilience of consumer spending, despite pressure such as the COVID-19 pandemic and external uncertainties, industry observers said.
Data from Tmall, Alibaba’s business-to-customer platform, ____44____ (show) 25,343 brands saw sales surpass 1 million yuan ($140,500) from 8 pm on Oct 31 to midnight on Friday. The turnover of more than 2,000 _____45_____ (brand) exceeded 10 million yuan during this period.
第四部分写作(共一节, 满分25分)
46. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was summer, and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before. He decided to take me on a trip to the Wild West.
We took a plane to Albuquerque, a big city in the state of New Mexico. We reached Albuquerque in the late afternoon. Uncle Paul, my dad’s friend, picked us up from the airport and drove us up to his farm in Pecos.
His wife Tina cooked us a delicious dinner and we got to know his sons Ryan and Kyle. My dad and I spent the night in the guestroom of the farm house listening to the frogs and water rolling down the river nearby. Very early in the morning, Uncle Paul woke us up to have breakfast. “The day starts at dawn on my farm,” he said. After breakfast, I went to help Aunt Tina feed the chickens, while my dad went with Uncle Paul to take the sheep out to graze (吃草). I was impressed to see my dad and Uncle Paul riding horses. They looked really cool.
In the afternoon, I asked Uncle Paul if I could take a horse ride, and he said yes, as long as my dad went with me. I wasn’t going to take a horse ride by myself anyway. So, my dad and I put on our new cowboy hats, got on our horses, and headed slowly towards the mountains. “Don’t be late for supper,” Uncle Paul cried, “and keep to the track so that you don’t get lost!” “OK!” my dad cried back. After a while Uncle Paul and his farm house were out of sight. It was so peaceful and quiet and the colors of the brown rocks, the deep green pine trees, and the late afternoon sun mixed to create a magic scene. It looked like a beautiful woven (编织的) blanket spread out upon the ground just for us.
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
Paragraph 1：
Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
We had no idea where we were and it got dark.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案：1-5 BCACB 6-10 BBACB 11-15 CBAAA 16-20 CABAC
