新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州和硕县高级中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题（Word版含答案，无听力部分）

和硕县高级中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试
英语
（卷面分值: 120分 考试时间: 100分钟）
考生须知: 1. 本试卷分试题卷和答题卡两部分, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡的相应位置。
2. 作答选择题时, 选出正确答案后, 用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的字母涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他字母, 在试题卷上作答无效。
3. 作答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上, 在试题卷上作答无效。
4. 考试结束后。将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共70分）
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（共15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
There are no rules for naming towns. Some are reasonable enough, after their founders or a defining geographical feature. However, here are some places whose names seem completely random. Let's look at four of the strangest town names in America.
Likely, California
Population: 12
In 1878, locals were asked to find a new name for their post office, after the Post Office Department rejected its old name, South Fork. They suggested three choices, each of which was turned down because they duplicated（重复）names of other post offices elsewhere in California. When somebody remarked that they would likely never find a name, somebody else supposedly spoke up and said, "It is not likely that there will be another post office in the state called ‘Likely’." They submitted that, and it was accepted.
Why, Arizona
Population: 151
This town probably got its name from the simple fact that it was near the Y-shaped junction（交叉路口）of two state highways. According to one of the community's early settlers, though, it was inspired by people driving through who asked, "Why are you living way out here "
Whynot, North Carolina
Population; 228
Whynot was founded in the 18th century by English and German immigrants. The story is that there was a long discussion about what to call the community, and finally somebody asked "Why not name it Whynot and then we can go home "
Hungry Horse, Montana
Population: 575
Hungry Horse and the nearby Hungry Horse Dam were named for two horses who got lost in the snow in the winter of 1900 and were found weak and starving a month later. They were nursed back to health.
1. In what order are the four towns listed in the passage
A. According to the area. B. According to the history.
C. According to the population. D. According to the achievement.
2. Why was the name of the post office refused for three times
A. The Post Office Department disliked them.
B. The locals liked a name related to their own life.
C. They believed that they wouldn't come up with a name.
D. They shared the same names with other post offices in California.
3. Which of the origin of the names is uncertain
A. Likely, California B. Why, Arizona
C. Why not, North Carolina D. Hungry Horse, Montana
B
Never will Kate Baker forget her frightening traveling experience. She and her husband. Bob, were heading to Europe with their 2-year-old son, Neil. "When we got on the plane in New York, all three of us were healthy," she said. "But halfway over the Atlantic Ocean, Neil started to get very warm, and his face was red." Then Neil began foaming at the mouth.
"The flight attendants were going up and down the aisle（过道）, asking anyone if they were a doctor," Kate recalled, "No one would come forward. And then the pilot started announcing, ‘Is there a doctor on board and should I turn this plane around ’ And again, no one came forward."
"When noticing Neil could hardly breathe, I think I must have gone into shock because I couldn't feel anything, and I couldn't speak," Kate said.
Then three women got out of their seats and approached where she was standing in the aisle. They came up to her and put their arms around her. They started speaking to Kate in a language that she didn't understand.
"The tone of their voice was so, so soothing, and they stood there with me with their arms around me." said Kate.
They eventually landed in Amsterdam. But they quickly booked another flight home to New Jersey. They went right to a doctor, who discovered that Neil had just had an ear infection. His symptoms（症状）had probably been due to a rapid increase in his body temperature.
The doctor treated him for the ear infection, and everything was fine. Kate never forgot those women and how supportive they were. She said, "I will never forget them and what they did for me. We may not speak the same language, but it doesn't matter to me because we can connect on a very deep human level."
4. What made Kate's travelling experience frightening
A. The impatient travelers. B. The rude flight attendants.
C. The sudden illness of Neil. D. The poor service on board.
5. Why did the three women get close to Kate
A. To warn her to be silent. B. To offer her some comfort.
C. To advise her to change a seat. D. To tell her how to treat her son.
6. What does the underlined word "soothing" probably mean in Paragraph 5
A. Comforting. B. Frightening. C. Threatening. D. Disappointing.
7. What does the author mainly want to convey from the passage
A. She was fed up with the passengers on board.
B. She was grateful to the doctor in New Jersey.
C. It's essential to provide medical service on board.
D. She felt the warmth conveyed by complete strangers.
C
In a study, published in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, a team of French researchers at the University of Sorbonne Paris North demonstrated that ants have the potential to act as early stage cancer detectors.
"We knew that ants can be easily trained," Baptiste Piqueret, who led the study, said. "Furthermore, they have an efficient sense of smell. We then combined these two abilities and tested whether ants were able to detect the smell of cancer or not."
Tumor（肿瘤）cells produce specific chemical compounds that allow them to be distinguished from healthy tissues. These are known as cancer biomarkers. Animals can be trained to sniff out（嗅出）these chemicals and thus identify when a patient has cancer.
In the present study, worker ants of the species Formica fusca—commonly known as the silky ant—were trained to recognize cancer biomarkers of an extremely aggressive human breast cancer. The urine（尿液）of mice carrying these tumors was collected and presented to the trained ants, alongside urine from tumor—free mice.
After just three rounds of training, where the ants learned to associate the smell of cancer biomarkers with a sugary treat, they spent approximately 20 percent more time near the urine from the tumor—bearing mice than the urine from those who were tumor—free.
In the past, dogs and mice have also been shown to sniff out cancers. But ants would provide a particularly attractive alternative as they are relatively easy to keep, they don't require expensive rearing（饲养）facilities, and it appears that they can be trained to recognize specific odors in relatively few trials.
8. What does the underlined phrase "two abilities" in paragraph 2 refer to
① Ants are cheap to buy. ② Ants can be easily trained.
③ Ants have a good sense of smell. ④ Ants are available all over the world.
A. ①② B. ②③ C. ③④ D. ①④
9. How do Tumor cells differ from healthy cells
A. They are different in size. B. They are different in color.
C. They are different in smell. D. They are different in quantity.
10. How did the researchers draw their conclusion
A. By doing experiments. B. By quoting others' research.
C. By collecting published data. D. By doing online questionnaires.
11. Why are dogs and mice mentioned in the last paragraph
A. To indicate the new trend of medical research.
B. To list the achievements made by the researchers.
C. To show the advantages of ants as cancer detectors.
D. To explain how to train other animals to serve people.
D
We all have things we don't need. For Canberra resident Zoe Bowman, it is melon ballers（蔬果挖球器）. "Someone asked for a melon baller to make some melon balls for a kid's party, and I looked in the drawer and I had three," she says. "I don't need three melon ballers!" The request was made on a Facebook page that she manages, one of the thousands of local pages that make up the "buy nothing" movement.
Part zero—waste movement, part community—building project, "buy nothing" has taken off in Australia's inner—city suburbs as a way to rehome unwanted goods and avoid unnecessary purchases—like a third melon baller. "It gives people something to do before immediately consuming," says Bowman. In a world where people rarely know their neighbors, a "buy nothing" page is a way to get to know the people living on your street. Bowman has become friends with some people she regularly corresponds with in the group.
In such a group, both behaviour and membership are strictly policed. Demanding or offering money in exchange for goods or services will get you banned. Posting about lost pets is discouraged, and politics is outlawed.
Once a group gets too big, usually more than 1,000 or 1,500 members, it is divided into smaller groups. When Bowman joined her group in Canberra, it covered a sixth of the city. Now it covers just three suburbs: Aranda, Cook and Macquarie. The aim is always to make the groups as hyper—local as possible.
The "buy nothing" community exists in a comfortable and trusting bubble. People recognize each other by name and leave their back gates unlocked for people to come and collect what they need. Without trust, a "buy nothing" group can't go smoothly.
12. Why did Bowman respond to the request for a melon baller
A. She was eager to become famous.
B. She desired to make friends with others.
C. She wanted to make money by selling them.
D. She had extra melon ballers that she didn't need.
13. What is mainly talked about in paragraph 3
A. The origin of "buy nothing" groups. B. The meaning of "buy nothing" groups.
C. The regulations of "buy nothing" groups. D. The achievements of "buy nothing" groups.
14. What matters most in the running of "buy nothing" groups
A. Trust. B. Profit. C. Commitment. D. Management.
15. What might be the best title for the passage
A. Buy Nothing—A Good Way to Save Money
B. Buy Nothing—Explodes Around The Global
C. Buy Nothing—Saving Money & Living Better
D. Buy Nothing—Contributes to World Development
第二节（共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Studying abroad is full of adventures—everything is different and exciting. How can you adjust to the new environment soon Homestay is a great way to get to know the culture from a first—hand aspect. Here are some tips on how to enjoy a successful homestay.
Bring a thoughtful gift.
16 . Instead, a little souvenir from your home country is a great icebreaker. Besides, it will help your hosts remember what an awesome temporary family member you were.
Respect the schedule.
Even though you paid for your stay, you' re still part of a family that is not yours —respect their schedules. If the meals are at 7 p. m., make sure you are on time. 17 .
Attend the family meals.
Most host programs will give you the choice to include meals in your homestay. It's highly recommended that you join your family for at least one meal each day. 18 . You can also enjoy the conversations that meals inspire.
Be fair and honest when problems arise.
19 . Nobody can avoid it. In case there's a major trouble that bothers you, try to talk to the family first. Be aware that it might take some time to get used to each other—not just for you but also for the host family.
20 .
When it comes time to leave, you might be feeling some relief about getting back to a more familiar home. Do remember to make an effort to express your thanks to the family for letting you into their home and sharing their lives with you.
A. Show great relief before you leave B. Express your gratitude before leaving C. You don't have to spend a fortune on it D. This can help you taste home—made local food E. You should always be honest to your host family F. Whenever people live together, there's room for conflict G. You must let your host family know in advance if you can't arrive on time
第二部分英语知识运用（共两节,满分45分）
第一节完形填空（共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给各题四个选项（A、B、C和D）中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When Nicole George—O'Brien was 16, she began having seizures（癫痫）. Her doctors tried some treatment, but they didn't 21 the problem. So when she was 21, she had brain 22 . That stopped the seizures, and her life went back to 23 . Five years later, she was driving over the San Mateo Bridge when suddenly it 24 like a thunderclap: another seizure.
"When I woke up in the hospital and 25 what had happened, I was really worried that I had hurt someone," George—O'Brien 26 . "And that was the first thing I asked the nurses and the doctor: ‘Did I hurt someone '"
The medical staff told her that a 27 had seen her having a seizure and 28 . He directed traffic around her car and made 29 no one was hurt.
"I didn't hit anyone 30 they didn't hit me, which is a 31 ," she said. No one knew the man's 32 , and to this day, George—O'Brien doesn't know anything more about him. She thinks he 33 drove off after the ambulance took her to 34 .
"He clearly 35 my life, and probably the lives of several people on the freeway that morning," she said. His actions 36 George—O'Brien's thinking about what she wanted to do with her life. She went on to become a therapist（治疗专家）, a decision that she 37 to the kindness the unknown man showed her that day.
"It contributed to my 38 to do a type of work that also gave care and 39 ," she said. "I've had a great life, and I feel incredibly 40 to him for allowing that to happen."
21. A. ignore B. solve C. doubt D. believe
22. A. examination B. project C. concept D. surgery
23. A. normal B. magical C. formal D. practical
24. A. hit B. dropped C. let D. bet
25. A. introduced B. informed C. realized D. forgot
26. A. refused B. assumed C. predicted D. recalled
27. A. lady B. man C. leacher D. doctor
28. A. pulled over B. drove away C. burst out D. stood out
29. A. simple B. tough C. sure D. possible
30. A. but B. and C. still D. so
31. A. question B. secret C. logical D. miracle
32. A. identity B. number C. hobby D. secret
33. A. constantly B. simply C. rarely D. hardly
34. A. restaurant B. school C. company D. hospital
35. A. wrote B. possessed C. changed D. ruined
36. A. attracted B. influenced C. concluded D. admitted
37. A. devotes B. introduces C. credits D. continues
38. A. desire B. achievement C. strength D. attitude
39. A. donation B. money C. kindness D. freedom
40. A. delighted B. fortunate C. satisfied D. grateful
第Ⅱ卷
第二节语法填空（共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式, 并填在答题卡的相应位置。
Wuhan University reopened to the public for cherry blossom appreciation after closure last year due to COVID-19, its 41 （office）Wechat account said on Sunday.
From March 15 to 27, people can make an online reservation 42 （visit）the campus between 8:30 am and 5:30 pm on workdays and between 8 am and 6 pm on weekends. Reservations should 43 （make）three days ahead of the day of the visit. This year, the university is limiting 44 number of visitors to 15,000 on workdays and 30,000 on weekends.
Anyone 45 （present）symptoms of illness, including fever, cough, runny nose or sore throat will not be allowed to enter the campus until 46 （full）recovered.
At the beginning of 2020, 42,000 doctors and nurses from other regions and 540,000 local medical workers 47 （fight）against COVID-19 and missed the chance to see the famous cherry blossoms on the campus, China News Agency reported.
Dou Xiankang, the headmaster of Wuhan University, said they would set a special day every year for doctors and nurses 48 were engaged in COVID-19 prevention and control in Wuhan to appreciate the blossoms. Saturday is the specially 49 （select）day in 2023 for the medical staff and their 50 （family）. Each person is allowed to bring up to two family members.
第三部分 写作（共两节, 满分35分）
第一节: 短文改错（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词;
2. 只允许修改 10处, 多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I'm fond of sweet food, bread in the particular. When it come to my ideal job, I do have an urge to running a bakery. In order to make full preparation for it, I've made my mind to major in food science and engineering. The bread make in my bakery must be free from harmful chemicals. What we all know, nothing is more important than healthy. I'll also offer some bread to starving people on a regularly basis. Now it's high time that I must study hard to pursue my sweet dream.
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华, 你的英国笔友Peter来信说, 他在学习汉语, 但在阅读方面有困难, 请你给他回信, 要点如下:
1. 阅读的好处; 2. 给出具体建议。
注意:
1. 词数100左右; 2, 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
2022—2023学年第二学期期末考试试题卷
高二英语参考答案
阅读理解
1—3 CDB 4—7 CBAD 8—11BCAC 12—15 DCAC 16—20 CGDFB
完形填空
21—25 BDAAC 26—30 DBACB 31—35 DABDC 36—40 BCACD
语法填空
41. official 42. to visit 43. be made 44. the 45. presenting 46. fully
47. fought 48. who/that 49. selected 50. families
改错题
51. … in the particular… 去掉the
52. …it come to… come→comes
53. …to running a… running→run
54. …full preparation for… preparation→preparations
55. …made my mind… make 后加up
56. …bread make in… make→made
57. …What we all… What→As
58. …important than healthy… healthy→health
59. …on a regularly basis… regularly→regular
60. …I must study hard… must→should
书面表达
Dear Peter,
I'm sorry to hear that you are having trouble reading Chinese. Nowadays Chinese is widely used in the world. To be honest, it is not easy to learn Chinese well. I'm writing to share my opinion and advice on this topic.
First and foremost, it is of great significance for Chinese learners to read books in the original language. By doing so, not only can you appreciate the charm of the language, but you can also broaden your horizons. As for how to solve the challenges in reading, I do think interest comes first. You are expected to choose books suitable to your level. With more practice, you are sure to benefit from your reading.
I sincerely hope what I mentioned above can be of help to you. Please contact me without hesitation if you need further help.
Yours,
Li Hua
详解答案
1. C细节理解题。对比文中四个镇子, 明显它们是按照人口从少到多排列的。
2. D细节理解题。根据Likely, California中They suggested three choices, each of which was turned down because they duplicated names of other post offices elsewhere in California 可知, 三个名字被拒绝是因为和加州的其他邮局同名。
3. B细节理解题。根据Why, Arizona中列举了两种名字起源可知, 这个镇子的起源不确定。
4. C 细节理解题。根据第1段中的 But halfway over the Atlantic Ocean, Neil started to get very warm, and his face was red. Then Neil began foaming at the mouth 和第3段中的 Neil could hardly breathe可知, 在飞机上, Kate的儿子Neil突发疾病, 并且没有医生可以施救, 所以情况很紧张。
5. B细节理解题。根据第4段中的They came up to her and put their arms around her. They started speaking to Baker in a language that she didn't understand 可知, 这三个女士在安慰Kate, 并且最后一段再一次证明了这一事实。
6. A 词义猜测题。根据最后一段中 Kate never forgot those women and how supportive they were可知, 三位女士说的话, 虽然作者听不懂, 但是给作者支持。
7. D 推理判断题。孩子在航班飞行过程中, 突发疾病, 而且情况紧急, 虽然最后化险为夷, 但是飞机上三位陌生人的鼓励, 让作者感动。最后一段话中I will never forget them and what they did for me. We may not speak the same language, but it doesn't matter to me because we can connect on a very deep human level 表达了作者的感受: 人类沟通是可以跨越语言的障碍的。
8. B 细节理解题。根据第 2 段中的We knew that ants can be easily trained 和Furthermore, they have an efficient sense of smell 可知, 两个能力指: 蚂蚁容易被训练和蚂蚁有高效的嗅觉。
9. C细节理解题。根据第3段中Tumor cells produce specific chemical compounds that allow them to be distinguished from healthy tissues…Animals can be trained to sniff out these chemicals and thus identify when a patient has cancer 可知, 癌细胞与健康细胞的差别是: 癌细胞能产生特定的化学化合物, 即癌症生物标记物, 它有特殊的味道。
10. A 推理判断题。从4、5段可知研究者们用实验证明, 被训练的蚂蚁可以鉴别有肿瘤的老鼠尿液和无肿瘤的老鼠尿液。
11. C推理判断题。根据最后一段中 But ants would provide a particularly attractive alternative as they are relatively easy to keep, they don't require expensive rearing facilities, and it appears that they can be trained to recognize specific odors in relatively few trials 可知, 这里主要列举了选蚂蚁的三个相对优势: 容易饲养, 不需要昂贵的饲养设施, 容易培养。
12. D。细节理解题。根据第1段中"Someone asked for a melon baller to make some melon balls for a kid's party, and I looked in the drawer and I had three," she says. "I don't need three melon ballers!"可知, Bowman有三个多余的蔬果挖球器, 所以她回应了。
13. C。细节理解题。根据第3段中 Demanding or offering money in exchange for goods or services will get you banned. Posting about lost pets is discouraged, and politics is outlawed可知, 这一段主要列举了“什么都不买”的各种规定。
14. A。推理判断题。根据第 5 段中 People recognize each other by name and leave their back gates unlocked for people to come and collect what they need 可知, 人们为只知道名字的邻居留着后门, 以方便拿东西, 这就是信任, 而且最后一句话Without trust, a “buy nothing" group can't go smoothly 进一步证明信任的重要性。
15. C。主旨大意题。全文主要介绍了“什么都不买”, 并且在第2段中着重介绍了它的两个好处, 故选C。
16. C。启下句。根据下文 Instead, a little souvenir from your home country is a great icebreaker可知, 上文提到一个不合理的礼物, 选项C符合语境。
17. G。承上句。此段主题 Respect the schedule 段中用吃饭的实例说明如何尊重时间表。If the meals are at 7 p. m., make sure you are on time, 选项G承接上文, 解释如果不能按时到的做法。
18. D。承上启下句。此段主题 Attend the family meals. 段中力荐这一做法, 并说明了两个原因, 其一即选项D, 且承接下文You can also enjoy the conversations that meals inspire中的also一词。
19. F。启下句。根据下文Nobody can avoid it 可知, 上文提到住在 host family 会发生的难以避免的情况, 选项F符合语境; 干扰项是E, 这句话虽然紧扣本段主题Be fair and honest when problems arise, 但不能承接下文。
20. B, 主题句。下文段中主要介绍了你即将离开你的host family时的感受和做法, 感到如释重负的同时, 还不要忘记表达谢意, 选B符合主题, 干扰项是A, 这只是感受, 不是与host family 相处的好的建议。
21. B她的医生尝试了一些治疗方法, 但没有解决问题。
22. D 所以在她21岁的时候, 她做了脑部手术。
23. A这停止了癫痫发作, 她的生活恢复了正常。
24. A五年后, 当她开车经过圣马特奥大桥时, 桥突然像雷声一样响起: 又一次癫痫发作。
25. C George—O'Brien回忆道: “当我在医院醒来, 意识到发生了什么时, 我真的很担心自己伤害了别人。”
26. D参见上一题解析。
27. B医务人员告诉她, 一名男子看到她癫痫发作, 就把车停了下来。
28. A参见上一题解析。
29. C他指挥她的车周围的交通, 确保没有人受伤。
30. B我没有伤着任何人, 他们也没有伤着我, 这是一个奇迹,”她说。
31. D 参见上一题解析。
32. A 没有人知道这个人的身份, 直到今天, George—O'Brien 对他一无所知。这
33. B 她认为他只是在救护车把她送到医院后开车离开了。
34. D 参见上一题解析。
35. C她说: “他显然改变了我的生活, 可能也改变了那天早上高速公路上几个人的生活。”
36. B他的行为影响了George—O'Brien对她这一生想做什么的思考。
37. C 她后来成为了一名治疗师, 这一决定归功于那个不知名的男人那天对她的友善。
38. A 她说: “这促使我渴望做一种既能给予关怀又能给予善意的工作。”
39. C 参见上一题解析。
40. D我过着美好的生活, 我非常感谢他让这一切发生。
41. official。考查形容词。修饰名词account, 用形容词official。
42. to visit。考查非谓语。动词不定式短语 to visit the campus…在句中表示目的。
43. be made。考查谓语。主语reservations和谓语make是被动关系, 填be made。
44. the。考查冠词。the number of…表示:……的数量。
45. presenting。考查非谓语。动词present和其逻辑主语anyone是主动关系, 应该用现在分词, 填presenting。
46. fully。考查副词。句中recovered是形容词, 用副词fully修饰。
47. fought。考查谓语。根据句中的时间状语 At the beginning of 2020 可知, 谓语动词用过去时, 填fought。
48. who/that。考查定语从句。先行词是doctors and nurses, 并且在定语从句中作主语, 关系代词填that/who。
49. selected。考查非谓语。the specially selected day表示: 专门选的日子。
50. families。考查名词。形容词性物主代词their后, 用名词复数families。
51. 去掉the in particular表示: 尤其是。
52. come→comes这句话主语是it, 谓语动词应该用comes。
53. running→run have an urge to do sth表示: 有强烈的欲望做某事。
54. preparation→preparations make preparations for…表示: 为……做准备。
55. make后加up make up one's mind表示: 下定决心。
56. make→made 过去分词短语made in my bakery是 bread的后置定语。
57. What→As As引导非限制性定语从句, as we all know表示: 众所周知。
58. healthy→health 句中than后用名词health。
59. regularly→regular 修饰名词basis, 用形容词regular
60. must→should 在句型It's high time that…中, 从句的谓语动词可以用过去时或should + 动词原形。