Unit5 Encyclopaedias同步学案 牛津上海版八年级上册英语（含答案）

Unit5 Encyclopaedias同步学案
一、知识框架
二、知识梳理
Ⅰ. Important words and phrases:
Words:
Ⅰ．重点词汇
1. ________ prep.不像，不同于 ________v. 不喜欢，讨厌 【拓展】喜欢 like/ be fond of/ be keen on(三者后接V- ing) be tired of 厌倦 2. ________ adj. 可能的；adv. possibly ________ adj. 很可能地； adv. probably 【拓展】likely adj.可能的 be likely to do sth.可能做某事 【近义词】adv. : maybe probably perhaps
3. ________ n. 系列（复数形式） ________n. 日本人（复数形式） 【拓展】国籍变复数口诀： 中日不变英法变，其余都是加-s。 4. ________ adj. 温和的，文雅的 ________ adv. 温和地，文雅地 【形近词】general adj.笼统的，大概的 in general 大概地
5. ________ n. [U]伤害；v. to hurt or injure sb./sth. ________adj. causing harm ________ adj. not causing harm 【拓展】do harm to= be harmful to 对...造成伤害 6. ________v. 创造 ________n. 创造，创作 ________adj. 有创造力的，独创的 【拓展】creativity n.创造力 creator n.创造者
7. ________ n. church(复数形式) ________ n. thief(复数形式) ________ n. mouse(复数形式) 【拓展】复习可数名词变复数形式 注意不规则的变形，如chief→chiefs 8. ________n. 希腊 ________n. 希腊人，希腊语 ________adj. 希腊的
9. ________ n. 娱乐 ________v.使发笑，使愉快 ________adj. 感到娱乐的 ________adj. 令人愉快的 【拓展】fun n.乐事 funny a. 搞笑的，滑稽的 10. ________ v.想；思考 ________ n. 思想家 ________ n.想法，点子= idea ________ n. 思路 【拓展】think of 想起；考虑 think about 考虑 think over 仔细考虑
Ⅱ．重点词汇拓展
look up 查阅
look up sth. in the dictionary 查字典
exist v.存在；实际上有
【形近词】exit n. 出口
反义词：entrance n.入口
die out 灭绝
die of 死于（内因）
die from 死于（外因）
know about = know of知道
know v. 了解
【课堂小练】
Ⅰ.用所给单词的适当形式填空（错误率： 掌握情况： ）
1. father was deeply moved.(even)
2. There’s nothing going on.(harm)
3. Tom is very ，and he often makes some interesting models for his little brother.(create)
4. The post office got behind in delivering Christmas .(mail)
5. We should read books of worth.(really)
6. Please keep my suitcase I am away from the seat.(while)
7. I have been to for many times.(Greek)
8. We should learn knowledge as much as especially when we are young(possibility)
Ⅱ.将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次（错误率： 掌握情况： ）
A.favourite B.as well C.afraid D.others E.the others
Dear Li Yang,
Thank you for your e-mail. I am fine, and enjoying my time at university in Manchester very much. I am happy to answer your questions about studying here in the UK.
I was also a little nervous before I got here, but once I arrived I soon felt happy. You asked me about the kinds of clothes you should bring. You should bring at least one formal outfit(外套）for important dinners’ and remember to bring lots of warm and comfortable clothes 1 .Yes, I did say ‘warm’, because it is a bit cold here until the summer!
My mum wanted to make sure that I packed lots of special food so that I would not miss her Chinese cooking too much. However, there are many different kinds of food in the UK, and I can buy all my favourite foods at small Chinese shops. There are also lots of cheap restaurants near the university.
Another suggestion is to learn how to cook some of your 2 foods before you come. Chinese food in England is very different to the food back home. You can also go to the university canteen—eating with 3 is a great way to make new friends.
You will probably live in the halls of residence in your first year. People usually have their own room, with a desk and a bed. The bathrooms and kitchen are usually near the corridor(走廊）.The kitchen is also a great place to meet the students in your hall. Remember that everyone is nervous, so don’t be 4 to talk to the people you meet.
Good luck! I am sure you will have a wonderful time.
Wang Dong
Phrases:
1. buy her an encyclopedia 给她买一本百科全书
2. much fiercer than tigers 比老虎凶猛得多
3. as gentle as sheep 性情温和如羊
4. know about the lives of dinosaurs from the skeletons, eggs and footprints
从恐龙留下的骨架、蛋和脚印中了解它们的生活
5. die out suddenly 突然灭绝
6. be harmful to … 对……有害 (= be bad for …= do harm to …)
be harmless to… 对……无害
7. an amusement park in the USA 美国有名的乐园
8. be famous for his cartoon characters 因为他的卡通人物而闻名
9. win a free trip to Disneyland 赢得一次迪士尼免费之旅
10. He taught that the way to be happy was to own as few things as possible.
他教导快乐的方式就是尽可能少地拥有物品。
11. give birth to two baby pandas 生两只熊猫宝宝
12. build a mausoleum for him 为他建造一座陵园
13. a Greek thinker 一位希腊的思想家
14. live in Greece 住在希腊
15. a big jar that he lived in 他住的一只大缸
16. see a boy drinking water from his hands by the fountain
看见一个男孩在喷泉边上用手等水喝
17. throw the cup away 把杯子扔掉
18. even happier 甚至更快乐
19. create Disneyland 创建迪士尼
20. after leaving school 毕业后
21. was born in the USA 出生于美国
22. deliver mail 送信件
23. the existence of dinosaurs 恐龙的存在
24. be like a bear in shape and size 在体形上像熊
25. in my other hand 在我的另一只手上
【课堂小练】
词组默写
______________六千多万年前
2.__________________在人类存在之前的一段悠久的时间
3.______________像小鸡一般小
4.__________________突然灭绝了
5.______________遗留
6.__________________了解
7.______________与此同时
8.__________________一位著名的思想家
9.______________扔掉
10.__________________尽可能少的东西
Ⅱ. Important Sentences structures.
1. They were fiercer than tigers and ate meat. 它们比老虎凶猛并食肉。
【知识链接】"be动词+比较级十than”这是形容词比较级的一种表达方式，要注意单音节词和一部分双
音节词的比较级加-er构成。
My sister is taller than I. 我姐比我高点。
2. Nobody knows why. 没人知道这是为什么。
Nobody pron. “没有人，无人，谁也不”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
There is nobody in the room. 屋里没有人。
Nobody knows. 谁也不知道。
【友情提示】nobody因本身含有否定意义，在作主语时，其谓语动词用肯定式。nobody的反义词是somebody。
Somebody is waiting for you有人在等你。
nobody为不定代词，不定代词后跟动词的单数形式。如：everybody, somebody, anybody和everything
something, anything, nothing等。
There is something wrong with my clock. 我的钟坏了。
3. He taught that the way to be happy was to own as few things as possible.他提倡快乐的方法就是拥有尽可能少的东西。
【知识链接】
(1)the way to be happy was to own as few things as possible中用动词不定式引导的词组来作表语，as…as possible尽可能地。
(2)表示两者程度一样，可以使用as ...as的句型。句中的形容词或副词不用比较级，要用原级。
My cousin is as tall as I am. 我堂兄和我一样高。
【知识拓展】如果表示甲在某一方面不如乙时，用“not as/so+形容词／副词+as"句型。
It is not as/so warm today as yesterday.今天不如昨天暖和。
【课堂练习】
Ⅰ.根据汉语意思，完成下列句子，每空格限填一词（错误率： 掌握情况： ）
1.关于你的主题他们了解多少？
What do they _________ _________your topic
2.我们就要落后于世界的其他地区了。
We are going to be_________ _________ ___________the rest of the world.
3.我们把他视为活的百科全书。
We him a walk_________.
4.她打开了两罐李子。
She opened up plums.
5.我从来不扔任何东西。
I never _________ _________ ___________.
6.事实并非如此，没那么简单。
This is actually not the case. It’s not_________ _________ ___________that.
三、课堂练习
Part 2 Vocabulary and Grammar
(第二部分词汇与语法)
I. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案)（错误率： 掌握情况： ）
( ) 26. Whose is ______ It's empty.
A. a bottle of wine B. the bottle of wine
C. the wine bottle D. the bottle wine
( ) 27. They agreed the way to be healthy is to drink_______.
A. as less soft drinks as possible B. as few soft drinks as possible
C. as fewer soft drinks as possible D. as little soft drinks as possible
( ) 28. Zhouzhuang is famous_______ the bridges made stones.
A. as from B. as of C. for from D. for of
( ) 29. Which word doesn't have three syllables (音节) of the following
A. Abacus B. Education C. Calculate D. Amusing
( ) 30. She became even ______when she heard the good news.
A. happy B. happier C. happily D. more happily
( ) 31. Have you ever visited the memorial ______Dr. Sun Yat-sen
A. for B. at C. to D. on
( ) 32. Lucy, ________ her elder sister, ________dressing up.
A. dislike… unlikes B. unlike …unlikes
C. unlike… dislikes D. dislike… dislikes
( ) 33. I'd like to know about the history of this high school. Will you please______ in the encyclopaedia for me
A. look up it B. look for it C. look it up D. look it for
( ) 34. Did all dinosaurs do_____ to human beings
A. harm B. harmless C. harmful D. harmfully
( ) 35. A giant panda eats_____ bamboo shoots, though it eats______ plants as well.
A. main other B. main others
C. mainly the other D. mainly other
( ) 36. I lost______ keys here yesterday.
A. a piece of B. a pair of C. a bunch of D. an item of
( ) 37. I would like to go to Disneyland in America______ in the future.
A. sometime B. sometimes C. some time D. some times
( ) 38. Boys can do their homework as______ as girls.
A. careful B. careless C. carefully D. careless
( ) 39. I don't ________Walt Disney, but I ______him.
A. know… know B. know about… know about
C. know about… know D. know… know about
plete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once(将下列单词或词组填入空格完成短文。每空格限填一词，每词或词组只能填一次)（错误率： 掌握情况： ）
(
A. take part in
B. ones
C. a bit
D. times
E. Tuesday
F. across
G. ones
)
In the UK, there's one day a year when everyone eats food made with flour, eggs and milk. That day is called Pancake Day. Pancake Day is also called Shrove __40__, Pancake Tuesday, Fat Tuesday and Mardi Gras.
On Pancake Day, pancake races are held in villages and towns __41__ the UK. The tradition of pancake racing started a long time ago. The most famous pancake race, at Olney in Buckinghamshire, has been held since 1445. Now many people __42__ the race every year.
During a pancake race teams run with a frying pan, get to a line, have to flip (抛，翻转) the pancake, and then pass the pan to another team member. It's __43__ like a relay (接力赛跑). And there are often four members in a team. The winner is the first team to cross the line having flipped the pancake a certain number of__44__. Flipping pancakes is not an easy job, so some people struggle to flip their pancakes and there are often a few dropped__45__. And the pancake must be intact (完整的) when they finish the race.
During the race, the atmosphere is really warm. Every team has its own colorful costumes. And people can enjoy eating their pancakes after the race.
III. Fill in the blanks with given words in their proper forms (用所给单词的适当形式填空)（错误率： 掌握情况： ）
46. Diogenes came from Europe. He's a great_________ (Greece) thinker.
47. Elephants are ______(quietly), caring and clever animals.
48. Young girls are always______ (amusement) at new Barbie dolls.
49.________(gentle) cook the peppers for 5-6 minutes.
5o. Human beings should live_________(peace) together with all the animals and plants.
51. The Water Cube (水立方) uses rain to wash ______(it), and this can save and recycle water.
52. Because of the climate change, this kind of plant will _______(dead) out in the future.
53. Scientists found that some animals cry when they're________ (happy).
IV. Rewrite the sentences as required(按要求改写句子)（错误率： 掌握情况： ）
54. A female panda gives birth to one or two babies a year. (改为一般疑问句)
_______a female panda ________birth to one or two babies a year
55.Don't copy Emmy's homework next time. (改为反意疑问句)
Don't copy Emmy's homework next time, ________ _______
56.some dinosaurs were very gentle. They were like chicken. (两句合并成一句)
Some dinosaurs were______ gentle_____ they were like chickens.
57.Smoking is bad for your health. (保持原句意思基本不变)
Smoking is______ ______your health.
58. People have laughed at the angry cat and the clever mouse for over sixty years. (对划线部分提问)
_________ _________ have people laughed at the angry cat and the clever mouse
59. In my opinion, Sarah Brightman sings the best of all the women singers. (保持原句意思基本不变)
In my opinion, nobody _______sings so________ as Sarah Brightman of all the women singers.
四、课后练习
1.默写本单元单词和词组。
2.课后阅读ABCD篇专项训练。
3.复习本节课所学的重点笔记内容。
I. Reading comprehension(阅读理解)（错误率： 掌握情况： ）
A. Choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案)
On February 3rd, 1949, New York Harbor was an exciting place. Many people were there to greet a ship from France, On the ship (there) were 49 French railroad boxcars （火车车厢) filled with gifts from the people of France to the people of America. These boxcars were from the famous Merci Train (Merci: a French word meaning "thank you").
After World War II, a lot of factories, roads and farms in France had been destroyed. Many French people had no jobs or money and had little to wear and little to eat. In the winter of 1947, a train was sent across the United States, stopping in cities and towns along the way. At every stop, people gave whatever they could. Factories gave clothing and medicine. Farmers gave food. Families gave money. Even school children gave away their pocket money. All the things were then taken to France by ship.
By 1949, the French had begun to recover from the war. The Merci Train was their way of saying “thank you” to America. French people had filled the boxcars with gifts. Most of them were personal, like hand-made toys, children's drawings, or postcards. But the boxcars themselves were perhaps the most meaningful of the gifts. On each car, the French people had painted the pictures of all their 40 provinces, with an American eagle on the front. The boxcars were taken to each state of America, where they were warmly greeted.
Now many of the states still keep their boxcars. Gifts sent by the French people can still be seen in some museums. The Merci Train came out of the war, but it now reminds the world that countries can also work together in peace.
( ) 60. Man people Waited at New York Harbor on February 3rd, 1949 to ________.
A. start a trip by ship B. meet their families
C. send their gifts D. welcome the Merci Train
( ) 61. In the winter of 1947, a train was sent across the United States because_______.
A. Americans needed more clothes
B. factories planned to sell more clothing
C. French people needed help
D. it would be used to build a ship
( ) 62. The train stopped in cities and towns across America in order to _______in 1947.
A. give away clothing and food
B. give children pocket money
C. collect tings to help French people
D. collect medicine and food for the French
( ) 63. It's clear from the passage that gifts on the Merci Train were________.
A. mainly from American children B. mainly from French children
C. finally sent by ship D. hardly personal
( ) 64.The French painted their 40 provinces and ________on each boxcar because it could show the friendship between the two countries.
A. an American eagle B. hand made toys
C. a line of-thank you D. children's drawings
( ) 65. According to the passage, we can infer that_______.
A. Americans thought France was stronger than America
B. the French were very good at painting pictures
C. the boxcars were kept in American museums
D. some gifts were still kept in some museums in America
B. Read and choose the best words or expressions to complete the passage ( 选择最恰当的单词或词组完成短文)
Most children enjoy spending their holidays in Disneyland, yet the world famous amusement park keeps some secrets:
Cat security guard (保安)
Every night after Disney is closed, 200 cats are sent into the park to__66__ it from mice and other animals. It's said that the cat security began to work in 1957. They stay in a “cat house” in the __67__ time and work at night.
Hidden Mickeys
At Disneyland, Mickey Mouse signs are everywhere. They are on the wallpaper of the first aid station, on the treasure box of the Pirates of the Caribbean __68__ the tall buildings. No one knows how many there are.
Trick of the eye
Things are not always the same as they __69__at Disneyland. The Matterhorn (马特洪峰), for example, looks bigger than it is, __70__the tallest trees are at the foot of the mountain and the smallest are at the top.
Always on stage
There is a rule at Disneyland to protect its magic. That is Never Break Character. For example, if the worker is wearing clothes that__71__ to Fantasyland, he/she mustn't show up in Tomorrowland.
A light stays on
When Walt Disney built the Disneyland, he built a small apartment in it for his family. There is a lamp in the window of the apartment. The workers can see it from the park. It tells the workers that the boss is in the apartment. Today the lamp is always on.
( ) 66. A. pretend B. prevent C. protect D. produce
( ) 67. A. late B. last C. afternoon D. day
( ) 68. A. as well as B. as soon as C. instead of D. in favor of
( ) 69. A. see B. watch C. feel D. look
( ) 70. A. because B. so C. while D. when
( ) 71. A. bring B. borrow C. belong D. buy
C. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words. The first letters are given (在短文空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空限填一词，首字母已给)
I’d always thought that kite flying might be more fun for the kite than for the person holding the line. After all, the kite gets to fly around high above the earth, while the kite flyer has the dubious (不 确 定 的) p __72__of watching it. But what if you could fly up there with the kite Now some young people are doing an exciting new sport called “kite surfing”.
Imagine yourself tied to a giant kite. You let it out, and then pull the line t __73__. But you don't have to hold the kite in place with your body weight. The kite lifts you off the ground and into the air. Kite surfers u__74__ launch(起飞) themselves over water, while standing on a small surfboard. The kite pulls the surfer across the water at __75__ speed and a sudden strong wind can send him flying up into the air.
It's not a new idea to pull things with kites. Fishermen in I __76__ used kites to pull their boats over 700 years ago. In the 1800s, an Englishman showed a way of using kites to pull carts (手推车) over land at high speed. But kite surfing is different not only because it's just done for fun, but because it's so d__77__. After all, there's nobody holding the line. Kite flyers may fly too high or land quickly.
If the wind picks up suddenly, things can get a __78__ dangerous."Sometimes the wind is so strong that nobody can do this dangerous sport,” says Dave Milken, a kite surfing instructor. Think twice if you want to try the new sport.
72. p_______ 73. t_______ 74. u________ 75. s_______ 76. I________
77. d_______ 78. l_______
D. Answer the questions(根据短文内容回答下列问题)
Have you ever thought of creating a world inside light bulbs An artist, Adrian Limani, had a really bright idea-creating his own miniature (微型作品) world and he's capturing it inside light bulbs.
Adrian Limani has produced a series of creative photographs which he believes give the same effect as ships in a bottle.
Tine 21-year-old has even put the Eiffel Tower and the Leaning Tower of Pisa in an image of two light bulbs, while another image shows two birds scrapping (打斗) in mid-air in a bulb.
"I just took some shots of light bulbs, without any effects, just ht shots with the camera," said Adrian, explaining how he was inspired to create these images. “Then I suddenly discovered that I really liked that kind of form. I will continue with the bulb ideas because I like creating special pictures."
To make a really great image, however, is not easy. "Because you need to have a lot of ideas, a lot of imagination and it's better to be a unique style of work that you share," Adrian added. The artist said his ideas or inspiration usually came from music movies, books and his everyday life.
To create the images Adrian uses two or twee photographs."When I have free time I go out and take a lot of shots, in different places and from different views, so that I'll have more materials to make something really good," he mid. After making each combination (融合), he would do two or three different versions of colors and then choose the best one.
A self-taught photographer, the young man said his passion for photography started with browsing wonderful photographs on the Internet. He began to do serious photography when he was 17 and “it was a great feeling".
"People say to me, 'Just continue what you've started because you do great work’, and I really try to do my best," said Adrian.
79. How did Mr Limani feel when he took some shots of ordinary light butts
_______________________________________________________________________________
80. Why does he want to continue his bulb ideas
_______________________________________________________________________________
81. Mr Limani’s works mainly come from his own imagination, don’t they
_______________________________________________________________________________
82. How does Mr Limani get so many materials that help him make images really good
_______________________________________________________________________________
83. Who taught Mr Limani photography
_______________________________________________________________________________
84. What do you learn from Mr Limani’s experiences
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys:
【知识梳理】
Words:
1. unlike, dislike 2. possible, probable
3. series, Japanese 4. gentle, gently
5. harm, harmful, harmless 6. create, creation, creative
7. churches, thieves, mice 8. Greece, Greek, Greek
9. amusement, amuse, amused, amusing 10. think, thinker, thinking, thought
【课堂小练】
Ⅰ. 1. Even 2.harmful 3.creative 4. mail 5.real 6. while 7. Greece 8. possible
Ⅱ. l. B 2.A 3.D 4.C
Phrases:
over sixty million years ago
2. a long time before htunan beings existed
3, as small as chickens
Die out suddenly
leave behind
6. Know about
7. At the same time
8. a famous thinker
9. Throw away
10. As few things as possible
Sentences
【课堂小练】
Ⅰ. 1. know about 2. left behind by 3. Regarded as； encyclopedia
4.a jar of 5. throw anything away 6.as simple as
【课堂练习】
I. 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. C 33. C 34. A
35. D 36. C 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. E 41. F 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. G
II. 46. Greek 47. quiet 48. amused 49. Gently
50. peacefully 51. itself 52. die 53.unhappy
III. 54. Does give 55. will you 56.so, that
57. harmful 58. How long 59. else, well
【课后练习】
A. 60. D 61. C 62. C 63. C 64. A 65. D
B. 66. C 67. D 68. A 69. D 70. A 71. C
C. 72. pleasure 73. tight 74. usually 75. surprising 76. India 77. dangerous 78. Little
D.79. He felt inspired by these ordinary light bulbs.
80. Because he likes creating special pictures.
8l. No. They don't.
82. By taking a lot ot shots, in different places and from different views
83. He taught himself.
84. Any possible answer is OK.