牛津译林版八年级英语上册 Unit 1 Friends单元重难点归纳(PDF版无答案）

译林版八上 Unit1 Friends
单元知识清单
一、重点短语
1. somemore food更多一些食物
2. make sb happy使某人开心
=make sb feel happy
make sb.do sth[make+宾语+宾语补足语（adj作）]
3. tell him/her everything about yourself告诉他有关你自己的一切
4. have problems 遇到难题
5. keep a secret保守秘密
keep secrets复数形式
6. care about me关心我
care for you照顾你
=take care of you
7. be ready to do sth乐意做某事
be ready to help乐于帮助
be ready to help others乐于助人
8. be willing to do sth乐意做某事
9. an honest man 一个诚实的人
dishonest【反义词】不诚实的
10. tell lies/funny jokes撒谎/讲有趣的笑话
tell讲故事讲笑话用 tell
lie作 n.谎言
作 v.撒谎，躺下
lie的过去式 lay(躺下)—过去式 lied(撒谎)
lie的现在分词 lying
lie to sb.对某人撒谎
a white lie 善意的谎言
11. agree with sb.同意某人的意见
12. be polite to sb. 对某人有礼貌【反义词 impolite 不礼貌的】
13. share one’s joy分享某人的欢乐
14. give one’s seat to someone in need给有需要的人让座
someone in need/people in need 需要帮助的人
15. want to be a singer 想成为一个歌手
want to be 想要成为...
want to do 想要去做某事
16. make him look smart使他看上去神气
17. make me laugh使我笑
【make sb. sth】make 后面接双宾语
18. have long straight hair有长长的直发
19. be good at telling jokes擅长讲笑话
相当于 do well in
20. have a good voice有一副好嗓子
21. wear small round glasses戴小的圆眼镜
22. have a good sense of humour富有幽默感
a sense of ... ......感
have a good sense of time.很有时间观念
have a good sense of direction.很有方向感
23. feel bored感到无聊
24. say a bad word about anyone 说任何人坏话
say a bad word about sb./say bad words about sb.
25. knock sth onto the floor 把某物撞掉地上
26. meet different people跟不同的人碰面
27. listen to people carefully认真听人们讲
28. travel around the world环游世界
all over the world
29. plan to be a social worker 打算成为一个社会工作者
30. make friends with sb与某人交朋友
31. help people with their problems帮助人们解决问题
32. our future plans我们的未来计划
33. learn more about art 关于艺术了解更多
more about更多关于
34. have a round face 有一张圆脸
35. look really pretty and kind 看上去真的漂亮善良
36. work with children跟孩子合作
work with...跟...合作
37. both…and…两者都……
all 三者或三者以上
38. smiling eyes笑眯眯的眼睛
39. have a smile on her face她的脸上有笑容
Comic strip&Welcome to the unit
一、Can I have something to drink 我能喝点什么吗？
【动词不定式作后置定语修饰不定代词】something to drink/eat 一些喝/吃的东西
你想要吃点什么东西吗？Would you like
二、Can I have some more food 我能再吃点食物吗？
数字+more+名词= another+数字+名词，意为”再，又，还”，表示在数量原有的基础上增加
例：three more apples= another three apples
one more= another
some more 另外一些（无同义短语）
再来一些牛奶/食物怎么样？ What about _____________________________
三、You are so kind.你真是太好了。
be kind to sb. 对某人友善。
类似短语 be friendly/ polite/ generous… to sb.
四、Maybe we can share it.也许我们可以一起分享它。
maybe adv. “也许、可能”, 相当于 perhaps，常位于句首。
may be中，may是情态动词，be是动词原形, 意为“也许是、可能是”。
maybe和 may be可相互转换
He may be in the office.= Maybe he is in the office. 他或许在办公室。
You may be right.= Maybe you are right. 你或许是对的。
五、There’s nothing in the fridge.冰箱里什么都没有。
等于 There isn’t anything in the fridge.
六、keep a secret = keep secrets 保守秘密 keep (过去式___kept_____)
keep a secret for sb. 为某人保密 例：keep a secret for her
keep a secret to oneself 把秘密藏于某人自己心中
七、What makes your friend so special 什么使你的朋友如此特别？
make sb(宾格) + adj./ do sth. 使某人…./ 做….
【What 作句子的主语】
八、What makes good friends, Amy 艾米，什么样的人适合做好朋友呢？
【What 作句子的主语】
九、You can trust them because they never tell lies. 你可以信任他们，因为他们从不说谎。
tell lies/ tell a lie(to sb.)向某人撒谎
十、 have problems (in) doing sth. = have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
have problems with sth. 某方面有困难
十一、I think good friends should be interesting too.我认为好朋友应该是有趣的。
interested adj.感到有趣的，一般修饰人
interesting adj. 令人感到有趣的，一般修饰物
interesting外向性质的词，用于指人、事、物的外在影响方面，意为“使（外）
人感兴趣的”；interested内向性质的词，用于指人的内心感受方面，意为“感兴
趣的”
1) I think good friends should be interesting too. (page7)（外在影响）
2) Max is so interesting. (page8)（外在影响）
十二、Yes,that’s true.是的，确实这样。
true adj.正确的，真实的 truly adv.
truth n. 真相，真理，事实
a true friend 一个真正的朋友
in a real world 在真实的世界里
Reading
一、Betty is one of my best friends.Betty是我最好的朋友之一
One of the+adj,最高级+可数n.复数- 做主语时谓语用单数
例：One of the tallest boys comes from UK.
二、She is willing to share things with her friends.她乐意与朋友们分享东西。
share sth.with sb....和某人分享
share one’s joy 分享某人的快乐
be willing to do sth=be ready to do sth.乐于做某事
三、She is also helpful and ready to help people any time. 她也乐于助人，且乐意在任何时候
准备好帮助别人。
be ready to help 乐于帮助【be ready to help others 乐于助人】
any time 任何时候
四、She helps me with my homework and she always gives her seat on the bus to someone in
need.她帮助我的家庭作业，并且在公交车上她总是把座位让给需要帮助的人。
help sb. with sth.= help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事
give one’s seat让座
someone in need= people in need需要帮助的人
五、Betty has a good voice.Betty有一副好嗓音。
have 动词，“长着”在句中作谓语动词；
with 介词，“长着，戴着”，在句中作定语；
wear 动词，“穿着，戴着”，在句中作谓语动词；
in 介词，“穿着”，在句中作定语；
例： My sister has short hair. 动词，长着，作谓语动词
例：The girl with short hair is my sister. 介词，长着，作定语，修饰 the girl, 不可用 has,因为句中已经有
谓语动词 is
例： My sister wears small round glasses.
例：The girl with small round glasses is my sister.
例： She’s a small girl with a ponytail.
voice 嗓音指说话声、歌唱声、鸟叫声等嗓子发出的好听的声音 例：in a low/ high voice
sound 声音(泛指人能够听到的任何声音)，包括大的小的 例：make a sound
noise 噪音、喧闹声(指不悦耳的、不和谐的嘈杂的声音) 例：make some noise
六、She wants to be a singer when she grows up. 她长大了想成为一名歌手。
want to be 想要成为
want to do 想要去做
七、He is the tallest boy in our class. 他是我们班最高的男孩子。
the tallest最高级前面加定冠词the。
tall—比较级 taller
八、Max looks smart in his small round glasses. 马克斯带着小圆眼镜，看起来很精神。
sb. look +adj.+in sth. = sth. look +adj.+on sb.
两个形容词叠加短语
big bright eyes long straight hair a big clean dining hall
九、Max has a good sense of humour.Max很有幽默感。
have a (good) sense of humour = be (very) humorous (很）有幽默感
a sense of ... ......感
have a good sense of time.很有时间观念
have a good sense of direction.很有方向感
十、He tells funny jokes and always makes me laugh. 他讲有趣的笑话，总是使我发笑。
【make sb. sth】make 后面接双宾语
【make sb. do sth.】make+宾语+adj.作宾补
make me happy= make me feel happy
十一、I never feel bored with him和他在一起从不会感到无聊
bored 修饰人
boring修饰物
a boring football match 一场令人感到无聊的足球赛
never 频度副词，表示”从不，从来不”,修饰动词，表示动作发生的次数的副词
常见的有：always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,once(一次)，twice(两次)
十二、They do not fit well under his desk. 他的退不能很好地放在桌子底下。
fit vi.可容纳，装进
十三、When he walks past our desks.当他经过我们的课桌。
walk past 走着经过 past 介词 动词+past = pass (v.)
When he walks past our desks,… = When he ________ our desks,…..
十四、He often knocks the books onto the floor.他经常把书碰到地上。
knock ... onto the floor 把......撞到地板上
knock..off… 把…从…上面撞掉
十五、She is shorter than I am. 她个子比我矮。
=She is shorter then me
十六、She smiles and never says a bad word about anyone. 她经常笑，并且从不说任何人的
坏话。
say a bad word about sb./say bad words about sb.说某人的坏话
say/speak/talk/tell辨析：
say +说话内容； say a bad word about sb；say to oneself
speak +语言; 打电话；speak French； May I speak to …
talk with/to sb.; talk about sth.
tell sb sth.; tell sb. (not) to do sth.; tell stories/jokes/lies
十七、When something worries me, I can always go to her. 当有事情困扰我时，我总是可以
去找她。
sb.worry about sth./sb. =sb. be worried about sth./sb. 某人担心某事/某人
sth. worry sb. = sth. make sb. worried 某事让某人担忧
(worry 三单___________ 过去式____________)
Something worries me. (something 不定代词做主语，谓语动词用三单）
十八、Who would you choose as your best friend, Suzy 苏茜，你会选择谁作为你最好的朋
友？
Who would you choose as your friend 你愿意选谁成为你的朋友？
choose v. “选择”， (choose 过去式_________)
choice n. ”选择”
choose sb. as ……= choose sb. to be …….选择某人成为/作为...
best 在这里是最高级-比较级是 better-原形是 good/well
写出下列单词的比较级和最高级
healthy ______________ ________________
far ______________ ________________
rainy ______________ ________________
shy ______________ ________________
slow ______________ ________________
expensive ______________ ________________
hot ______________ ________________
friendly ______________ ________________
ill ______________ _______________
pretty ______________ ________________
Grammar
一．My book is more interesting than his. 我的书比他的书更有趣。
两者比较时用形容词比较级,其结构为“...比较级 + than ...”。
“我的书” ，”他的书”-注意：两者进行比较时，比较的对象要一致。
二．This is the most expensive computer in the shop. 这是店里最贵的电脑。
the most expensive最贵的，形容词最高级的表示
形容词,
形容词原级、比较级、最高级的用法及变化规律：
一．形容词
用形容词描述人或物时，可以放在名词前面，也可以放在系动词后面。
即：形容词+名词 系动词+形容词
He has a round face.
His face is round.
常用的系动词有：
be, grow, smell, become, keep, sound, feel, look, taste, get, seem, turn …
拓展：副词修饰行为动词（dance happily)
e.g.
1)The ________ boy is singing_______.(happy)
2)The man is looking______at his son. He looks ________at the moment.(angry)
二. 形容词原级、比较级、最高级的用法
A.原级的用法：（没有比较时用原级）
1.在 very, quite, rather, so, too, enough, as…as 等词后面用原级；
例：English is very useful, so we should try our best to learn it well.
例：She is as slim as I am.
例：Tom doesn’t write so/as well as Jim.
B.比较级的用法
1. 适用于两者之间，常与 than 连用。
其结构为：(1)A+be+比较级+than+B e.g. This box is heavier than that one.
(2)A+动词+比较级+than+B e.g. He runs more slowly than me.
2.注意以下例子的运用：
(1)Which is_______(big), the earth or the moon
(2)May is the_______(slim) of the two girls.
3.比较级常与 than, a little, much, even,far等连用。
(1).His brother is very smart but I hear he is much _______(smart) .
(2).This printer is a little____________(expensive) than that one.
(3).Today is very cold,but tomorrow is even___(cold).
4.当两个形容词/副词连用时，常用比较级(表示“越来越…”)：
(1). Autumn comes. The weather is getting _______and_______(cool).
(2).We know English is _____and_____(important).
5. 句型“The+比较级……，the+比较级……”表示“越……就越……”；
例：The more books you read, the more you’ll know. 你读书越多，你知道的就越多
例：The lazier you are, the poorer you will be. 你越懒就会越穷
例：The more, the better.越多越好
C.最高级的用法
1.适用于三者或三者以上，常与：of…, in…等连用，其前常有 the.
(1) Which is _______(big), the earth, the moon or the sun
(2) May is ________(slim) of the three girls.
(3) Mum is________(busy) in my family.
2.注意以下情况：
(1) 序数词后常用最高级 例：Huanghe is the second_____(long) river in China.
(2) one of +最高级+复数名词 (表示最…之一) 例：Changzhou is one of ___(beautiful) cities in Jiangsu.
三．比较级与最高级的同义转换
e.g. (1).Shanghai is the biggest city in China.
= Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. (同一范围)
(2) .Shanghai is bigger than any city in Japan. (不同范围)
四．熟背下列内容：
1.常用的双写末尾字母加-er,-est的形容词有:
big, slim, thin, hot, fat, red, fit, wet(潮湿)，sad, glad等
2.不规则变化的形容词：
good / well better best
ill/bad / badly worse worst
不
规 many/ much more most
则
变
法 little less least
far farther farthest
further furthest
old older oldest
elder eldest
Intergrated skills
一．I would like to be a social worker when I grow up. 我长大后想成为一名社会工作者。
would like to be 想要成为
would like to do 想要去做
二．I am always kind to people. 我对人们总是很友好的。
be kind to 对...很友好相当于be friendly to
三．I will be happy if I can make other people happy. 如果我能让别人开心，我就会开心。
if引导的条件状语从句，遵从主将从现原则
will be happy主句是一般将来时
I can make...从句用一般现在时
四．I want to be as famous as he is. 我想和他一样出名.
be famous as 作为.....出名
be famous for 因为.....很出名
例：Lu Xun is famous ________ his novels.
例：Huai’an is famous __________ an old culture city.
as...as”和...一样”中间加形容词或副词的原级
五．I want to travel around the world and learn more about art some day.
around the world=all over the world 世界各地
learn more about关于..了解更多
some day 总有一天，将来有一天
六．Who’s the boy on the left 左边那个男孩是谁？
七．What’s he like 他人怎么样？
What does he like 他喜欢什么？ 注意这两个句子的区别：
What’s he like ...怎么样,like在这里是介词, 前面是 be动词.
What does he like ...喜欢什么，like在这里是动词，句子里面有助动词 does
What does Mike like
A,Grapes B,He is shy C,Yes,he does.
Task
一．Kate is both my neighbour and my best friend. 凯特既是我的邻居又是我最好的朋友。
both...and 表示”两者都..”不仅...而且”.
both A and B,当连接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数形式
例：Both Mary and Suzy are going to the Great Wall.
not only A,but also B.”不仅A，而且B”,谓语动词就近原则
例：Not only Mr.Lin but also his son loves (love)the movie.
二．She always has a smile on her face and looks happy. 她脸上总是带着微笑，看上去很高兴。
have/wear a smile on one’s face.面带微笑
She looks happy:主系表结构：look作系动词表示”看起来”+adj.(happy)
最常见的五类表示感官的系动词：look,sound,smell,taste,feel
三．I think she will make an excellent teacher. 我认为她会成为一名优秀的教师。
make “成为”=be/become
基础练习
一．单选题
( )1.The sun is ______ than the earth.
A. big B. very big C. bigger D. the biggest
( )2. “My heart will go on” was one of ________ songs of 1998.
A. popularest B. more popular C. popular D. the most popular
( )3. This film is _____ interesting than that one.
A. more B. much C. very D. the most
( )4. Which do you like _____, tea or coffee
A. well B. better C. best D. most
( )5. This shirt is not good. That one is even ___ .
A. better B. worse C. well D. worst
( )6. The baby cried ________.
A. harder and harder B. hardest and hardest
C. more and more hard D. hard and hard
( )7. He is ________ of the two.
A. taller B. the taller boy C. the tallest boy D. the tall boy
( )8. This box is________ that one.
A. heavy than B. so heavy than C. heavier as D. as heavy as
( )9.I think the story is not as _______ as that one.
A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting
( )10. These children are _______ this year than they were last year.
A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller
( )11. It was very hot yesterday, but it is_______ today.
A. even hotter B. more hotter C. much more hot D. much hot
( )12. Our classroom is______ larger than theirs.
A. more B. quite C. very D. much
( )13. Maths is more popular than_______.
A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject
( )14. Tom is stronger than ______ in his class.
A. any other boy B. any boys C. any boy D. other boy
( )15. I like______ one of the two books.
A. the older B. oldest C. the oldest D. older
( )16. Of the two cups, he bought_______ .
A.the smaller B. the smallest C. small D. smaller
( )17. Who jumped ____ of all
A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the most far
( )18. The fifth orange is____ of all. Give it to that small child.
A. big B. bigger C. the bigger D. the biggest
( )19. English is one of____ __spoken in the world.
A. the important languages B. the most important languages
C. most important language D. the most important language
( )20. Beijing is one of________ in China.
A. the largest city B. the large cities C. the larger cities D. the largest cities
二．用所给词的正确形式填空
1.Shanghai is ________than Beijing. It is ___________ city in our country.(large)
2. Bill isn’t as ______ as Mike. Tom is ______ than Mike. Who is __________ of the three boys (old)
3. Mary draws as ______ as Bill, and she is much _______ than him at singing.(well, good)
4.Tom, Jon and I bought a computer each last week. John’s computer is much ______________than Tom’s and
mine. It is ___________________ of the three.(expensive)
5.It is a little __________ today than yesterday. (wet)
6.What city is ________________(beautiful), Dalian, Oingdao or Sanya
7. In the exams, the ___________ (care) you’re, the ______ (few) mistakes you’ll make.
8.These two shoes are much too _____ (big) for me.
9.It was much _____ (cold) than yesterday.
10.I’m doing _____ (good) this term than last term.
11. She is _________ (thin) of the two girls.
12.It’s very _____ in October, but it’s even _____ in December.(cold)
13. The Huanghe River is the second ______ (long) river in our country.
14. He’s quite _____ (tired) . Let’s leave now.
15. Most people in our country are getting_________________(越来越富裕).
三．翻译句子
1.我想潜水是最有趣的活动之一。a
I think diving___________________________________________
2.Jack是我们班最细心的。
Jack ___________________________________________________
3.你英语考试中越认真，犯的错误就越少。
The _________________ you are in the English test, the _______________ you will make.
4.Lily 的房间很整洁，而我的房间比她的房间更整洁。
Lily’s room is ________________, but ______ is _________________.
5.那两个男人中较胖的是我爸爸。
____________________ of the two man in my father.