牛津译林版八年级英语上册 Unit 3 A day out 知识点讲解（PDF版无答案）

译林版八上 Unit3 A day out
单元知识清单
一、重点短语
1. come on 来吧，赶快
2. enjoy oneself / have a good/great time/have fun玩得愉快
3. Australia n.澳大利亚
Australian adj. 澳大利亚的
4. a cup of coffee一杯咖啡
5. president n.总统
6. join vt./vi. join sb.加入某人的行列 例：Do you want to join us
join +组织 例：He joined the Army/Party last year.
join in 一般指参加活动，不过不是很大型的活动
例：join in the game / join in the conversation
大型的一般用 take part in, 正式活动一般用 attend.
7. journey n.旅行，旅程
8. arrive at/in 到达
arrive in+大地点/arrive at+小地点 arrive in Paris到巴黎
reach +sp. 到达某地(正式) reach the hotal到达酒店
get +to+ sp. 到达某地(口语化) get to the airport到机场
9. can’t wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事
10. interest n.令人感兴趣的事（或人）；兴趣
place of interest 景点
11.pull vt./vi. ________ push v._________
12. final
adj.最后的
n.决赛
finally adv.最后
13. get on 上车
get off 下车
14. cost vt. 花费（金钱） n.费用，价钱
15. helpful adj.有帮助的--helpless adj.无助的，无耐的
useful adj.有用的 --useless adj.无用的，徒劳的
16. taste v. 品尝
n.味道；品味
17. cheer--cheerful adj.高兴的,令人愉快的--cheerfully adj.高高兴兴地，愉快
地
18. colour--colourful adj.颜色鲜艳的，五彩缤纷的
19. keep vt.留着；不退还
20. learn sth.by oneself =teach oneself 自学某事
for oneself为自己
enjoy oneself玩得开心
hurt oneself伤害自己
protect oneself保护自己
help oneself to sth.自便，自取
by oneself独自的，单独
look after oneself照顾自己
say to oneself自言自语
dress oneself自己穿衣
21. have相关的词组:
have 有 have a book 有一本书
have 吃 have lunch 吃午饭
have 喝 have tea 喝茶
have举办 have a party举办派对
have进行 have a class 上课
have去 have a trip去旅行
have度过 have a good time 过得愉快
have患病 have a cold感冒
Comic strip&Welcome to the unit
1、be going to +动词原形，一般将来时，表示打算或计划做某事。be随句子主语的人称
和数量变化而变化。
例：We’re going to buy a new TV tomorrow.
例：He is giong to play football with his friends this Sunday.
2、You need to exercise and keep fit.你需要锻炼和保持健康。
*exercise
1) n. “做操,练习”-可数 n.
两操（do morning/eye exercises）一练(练习 do some exercises)
2) n. “锻炼”-不可数 n. (do some exercise) 例：It’s good for us to exercise every day.
3) v. 锻炼 exercise---_____________(动词三单)
多锻炼 do more ___________ = ___________ more
*keep fit .=keep healthy 保持健康 keep+adj.表示保持...状态
*need的用法：
①行为动词 （sb need to do） You need to do it now. →You don’t need to do it now.（有人
称时态变化）
②情态动词（常用语否定疑问句中） needn’t do sth →You needn’t do it now.
③用于回答 must 问句 Must I do it now —Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t. / No, you
don’t have to.
③sth need + doing形式时表示被动意义 E.g. The flowers need watering. Your clothes need
washing.
3、This hill isn’t as high as a real one.这座山没有真正的山高。
* as adj/adv as 和真的一样；not as/so ...as 不如...
* true 符合事实情况的事件 a true story；
* real 质地真假的东西 a real bridge
4、come on 的用法
1）用来请求、激励、劝说时，意为“来吧”，例：
Come on, Lucy. Don’t be so shy.
Come on, you can do it .
2) 用来催促别人快走/做…时，意为“快点”，例：
Come on, it’s getting dark.
Come on, Mr Wang is waiting.
3) 用来表示责备和不耐烦，意为“得了吧，行了，够了”，
例：Come on, don’t sit there dreaming.
4) 用于体育竞赛等场合激励队友时，意为“加油”，例：Come on, Come on,！
5) 用于挑战或激怒对方时，意为“来吧，试试吧，好吧”，例：Come on, I’m not afraid of you.
5、enjoy oneself 玩得愉快
相当于 have a good time / have fun ＋doing 做某事很开心
We enjoyed ourselves in the park. = We had a good time / had fun in the park.
oneself是反身代词，它包括 ourselves我们自己；yourself你自己；yourselves你们自己；
themselves他/它/她们自己；itself它自己；himself他自己；herself她自己；myself我自己
例：They enjoyed themselves during the holiday.
【拓展】 help oneself 自便、自取 behave oneself 有礼貌、规矩
6、Yesterday I took a boat trip under the famous Harbour Bridge and went past the
Sydney Opera House.昨天我坐船游览了著名的港湾大桥，途中经过了悉尼歌剧院。
take a boat trip to sp = go on a trip to sp乘船去某地
tour指的是在各处作短暂停留的长距离旅行。
trip(休闲或公事等的)短途旅行
travel到远方去或长期旅行
journey较正式的用语；通常指有预定地点的长途旅行。
7、go/walk past the school gate = pass the school gate
go past/walk past= pass
8、take care保重，小心= be careful = look out（小心）
Take care not to hurt yourself. = Be careful not to hurt yourself.
take (good) care of…＝look after…well (好好)照顾…
9、the president of the USA美国总统
president作“总统”解时,
如果指总统职务,其前不用冠词; 例：Bush is president of the States.
如果指总统本人,需用冠词 例：The president of the States is Bush.
作主语的时候，应该加 the. 作表语或补足语的时候不加 the。
10、The bridge is made of steel,isn’t it 这桥是钢制成的，是吗？
be made of 由...制造 看得出原材料 This desk is made of wood.
be made from 由...制造 看不出原材料 The paper is made from wood.
be made in +地点 在…制造 The watches are made in Shanghai.
be made by...后加人，由...所制作
反意疑问句： 构成”陈述句+简略疑问句”
陈述句部分为肯定式时，疑问部分用否定式 前肯后否，前否后肯
陈述部分为否定式时，疑问部分用肯定式
对反意疑问句的回答，如果事实是肯定的，就用 Yes, 事实是否定的，就用 No.
练习：
—Tom is often late for school,isn’t he 前肯后否-Tom经常上学迟到,不是吗？
—_______.And he always gets to school very early.No,he isn't(late for school.)(不是的，他上学不迟到,他总是去的很
早。)
A,No,he is B,Yes,he isn’t C,No,he isn’t D,Ye,he is
—Tom is never late for school,is he 前否后肯-Tom上学从不会迟到，是吗？
—_______.And he always gets to school very early. No,he isn't(late for school.)(是的，他上学不迟到,他总是去的很
早。)
A,No,he is B,Yes,he isn’t C,No,he isn’t D,Ye,he is
11、The bridge weighs over 100,000 tons.= The weight of the bridge is over 100,000 tons.
How heavy is the bridge？
＝ what’s the weight of the bridge
＝ how does the bridge weigh ？
Reading
1、I’m doing fine here.我在这儿挺好。
fine adv. 够好，蛮不错 例：My computer works fine. 例：Things are going fine. 事事顺利。
adj. 好的，优质的，晴朗的，健康的 例：Don’t worry. She’ll be fine. 例：What a fine
view!
2、Yesterday Kitty’s teacher MrWu invited me to join their school trip to the World Cup.
* invite sb to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 例：He invited us to have a picnic.
invite sb to sp. 邀请某人去某地 例：I invited my friends to my birthday party.
* join + 组织/俱乐部（表示成为其中一员） join the Swimming Club.
join +人 例：invite him to join us
join sb in doing sth. 和某人一起做某事 例：Would you like to join us in dancing
join in +活动 = take part in 例：join in the sports meeting
3、The sun was shining in a clear blue sky.太阳在晴朗的蓝天上照耀着。
* shine vi. 照耀，发光 shine—shined/shone
The sun is shining and it’s warm.
* clear此处用作 adj. 晴朗的，清澈的
We can see flowers on a clear day. The water in the lake was clear.
clear，v. 清除 Who will clear the table
* was shining 为过去进行时态，表示过去某一时间正在进行或发生的动作 构成结构为
was/were+v.-ing
I was doing my homework at 10 yesterday morning.
4、The World Park is quite far away.世界公园相当远。
* be far away 远的 be far away from sp 离....远
My home is far away from the school.
My home is two miles away from the school.
5、There was a lot of traffic on the way and the journey was a little boring.路上车辆很多，
旅途有点无聊。
* traffic 交通，来往车辆 不可数名词
a lot of traffic＝heavy traffic＝busy traffic交通拥挤，作主语时谓语动词用单数
* on the way，在路上 on one's way to… 在去某地的路上
* journey n. 旅行，旅程 the journey to sp He is going to make a long journey.
visit：参观，小景点 trip：短途 journey：长途
6、We finally arrive at the park.我们终于到达了公园。
arrive，vi. arrive at+小地点 You must arrive at the airport two hours early.
arrive in +大地点 We will arrive in London at 16:30.
reach，vt. reach sp. He reaches school very early every day.
get to sp. 例：When will they get to that city
When did he ___arrive_______(到达）last night？【无地点用 arrive】
7、All of us couldn’t wait to get off the bus.我们都迫不及待的要下车。
* can't wait to do sth. 迫不及待去做某事
例：We can't wait to see the film.
* get on/off为动介词组 【所以 get on/off it是正确的，而不能用 get it on/off】
8、Soon the whole world was there in front of us.很快整个世界就在在那儿(展现)在我们
面前。
the whole world = all the world
the whole winter = all the winter
his whole life = all his life
9、There are models of more than a hundred places of interest from all over the world.这里
有一百多个世界各地景点的模型。
interest 名词 n.，令人感兴趣的事；兴趣 例：His two interests in life are music and
painting.
【place of interest 景点 (此处的 interest无复数) 】=interesting places=sights名胜/景点
例：There are many places of interest in Beijing.北京有许多名胜古迹。
show/have interest in (doing) sth对…做某事感兴趣 例：Daniel shows/has great interest
in computers.
interest动词 v.，使产生兴趣 sth interest sb 例：Computer games interest a lot of boys.
interested adj. 对….感兴趣，主语是人，
be interested in 例：He is interested in reading interesting story books.
interesting adj. 有趣的，令人感兴趣的，主语一般是事或物。例：The book is interesting.
10、The model Golden Gate Bridge looked as great as the one back home. 金门大桥的模
型看起来就像家乡的那座一样棒。
as....as....A与 B一样 例：The tree is as tall as that one.
not....as/so...as.....A不如 B 例：The tree is not as tall as that one.
11、I couldn’t believe my eyes. 我简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。
not believe one’s eyes 不相信自己的眼睛，非常惊讶，one’s 随着主语的不同而变化
believe my ears相信自己的耳朵；
believe my sixth sense 相信我的直觉。
12、It was an amazing day.这是令人惊奇的一天。
【区别】amazing 令人吃惊的(修饰物，主语为物)=surprising
amazed 惊讶的(修饰人，主语为人)=surprised
13、The song and dance shows歌舞表演。
14、We learnt a lot about different cultures.我们学到了很多不同的文化。
culture n. 文化，通常做不可数 n.，当表示某一种特定形式的文化或某种类型的文化
时，可用复数
Chinese and Western cultures中西方文化
the culture of..... .......的文化
Universities are centers of culture.大学是文化的中心
15、You can see some photos of the trip on the internet.你可以在网上看到一些旅行的照
片。
photo of ....的照片
take photos of sth拍...的照片 例：His uncle took a lot of photos of animals.
16、Go and see for yourself亲自去看看。
for oneself亲自，by oneself＝on one’s own＝alone独自；单独
—Did she find it out for herself
—Yes. She did it all by herself.
17、The model Golden Gate Bridge looked just like the real one in the USA.金门大桥模型
看起来和美国的真桥一模一样。
look like看起来像.....，like 作介词 prep，“像”＝be like
例：She looks like her mother.
例：The full moon looks like a plate.
sound like听起来像
feel like摸起来像
seem like仿佛....似的
18、real，adj. 真的 He is a real hero.
really，adv. 确实；非常 I’m really sorry for that.
19、It is + adj. +for sb. to do sth.
例：It is important for the students to do homework.
＝ doing sth is adj.
Grammar
1、be the same in some ways.在某些方面是一样的。
2、The bus is as comfortable as those in the USA.这里的公共汽车和美国的一样舒适。
【those 代替复数 the buses】
3、The model Sydney Opera House looks as wonderful as that in Australia.悉尼歌剧院的
模型看起来和澳大利亚的一样漂亮。【that 代替单数 the Opera House】
【当名词后面有后置定语时，句中再次出现该名词时】
单数用 that=the one代替
复数用 those=the ones代替
例：The weather in Jurong is different from that in Kunming.
例：The cars made in Japan are more expensive than those made in China.
4、Simon is trying to pull himself up the rocks.Simon正试图爬上岩石。
pull oneself up the rock向岩石上攀岩
5、You are lucky you didn’t hurt yourself.你没受伤算你走运。
luck 不可数 n. 例：Good luck to sb.祝某人好运
lucky/ unlucky adj. be lucky (not) to do sth 例：You are a lucky dog.
luckily/ unluckily adv. 例：Luckily，I passed the test.
6、keep a secret to oneself 为自己保密
【语法】A. as...as的用法：
1) 肯定句中的结构：A...+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B
例：English is as interesting as Chinese英语和语文一样有趣。
2) 否定句中的结构：A...+not as/so+形容词/副词原级+as+B
例：Jim doesn’t dance as/so well as Daniel.Jim没有 Daniel跳舞跳的好。
3) not as/so...as: 可以和比较级相互转换
例：Nanjing is not as/so big as Shanghai
=Nanjing is smaller than Shanghai.=Shanghai is bigger than Nanjing。
4) 只有同类的事物才能比较
例：His house is as big as mine(√)
His house is as big as me(×)
5) as...as possible=as...as sb. can 尽可能
例：Tom spends as much time as he can practising speaking English.
例：Pls write to me as soon as possible.
Pls write to me as early as you can.
6) as old as...=the same age as...
as big as...=the same size as...
例：I am as old as you.=I am the same age as you.
例：My room is as big as yours.=My room is the same size as yours
【语法】B. 反身代词：
单数 myself yourself himself herself itself
我自己 你自己 他自己 她自己 它自己
复数 ourselves yourselves themselves他们自己
我们自己 你们自己
1) 常和反身代词连用的动词短语：
enjoy oneself 过得开心，玩得愉快
hurt oneself 伤到某人自己
say to oneself自言自语
teach oneself English=learn English by oneself自学英语
think of oneself考虑某人自己
dress oneself某人自己穿衣服
look after oneself=take care of oneself照顾自己
2) 区分：a, (for) oneself 亲自，为了自己(用作副词)
b.by oneself(用作副词)=alone=on one’s own
注意：
1、人称代词的反身形式，指所代的对象在人称、性别、数量上必须保持一致。
2、反身代词在句中不能单独作主语，常放在主语后面或句末作主语的同位语。
Intergrated skills
1、The basketball final篮球决赛。
final n. 决赛 the World Cup Final get to the final
the final exam期末考试
finally，adv. 最后＝ at last＝in the end Finally, we all passed the exam.
2、The match takes place on Sunday.比赛在星期天举行。
①take place发生（用于表示人为的，已计划好的事情，多指举行活动）
②happen 发生（用于表示偶然事故，自然灾害等非人力事件）
happen to sb./sth.“遭遇”指不好的事发生在某人、某物上
sb happen to do sth＝ sb do sth by accident.
例： What happened to you
例：A car accident happened to him yesterday.
拓展：take one’s place或 take the place of sb./sth. 意为“代替某人/某物”
3、cheer for our team.为我们队喝彩。
cheer vi. 欢呼，喝彩
cheerful adj. 喝彩的
* cheer for，为……欢呼，喝彩 例：Let's cheer for the winners.
* cheer up，使振作，高兴起来 例：We tried to cheer him up.
4、need your support 需要你的支持。
support 不可数 n. 支持 例：I need your support.
with one’s support /without your support
have a lot of support from sb得到某人的大力支持
support 作及物 vt.”支持，赞助” 例：I hope you can support me in this!
support→supporter支持者；拥护者 例：I’m a Yao Ming supporter.
5、forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事 I forget to closed the windows this morning.
forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 I forget turning off the light.
6、the cost of the trip.旅行的费用。
cost n. 费用，价钱 the cost of .....的费用
例：The cost of the house is too high for me.
例：What’s the cost per student What’s the cost of the trip
cost v. 花费 sth. cost sb. some money 例：It will me 500yuan.
7、rest，vi. 休息 Some students are resting under the big tree.
n. 休息 have/take a rest 休息一下 I’m tired and I want to have a rest.
8、go back to my school回到我的学校
go back to…＝return to…回到…
give back=return 归还 give sth.back to sb.=return sth.to sb. 把某物还给某人
9、Half-time is a 20-minute period for the players to rest.中场休息是一段 20 分钟长给运
动员休息的时间。
10、Why don’t we go to the China Science and Technology Museum
【回顾】Why don’t you/we= Why not+动词原形
11、It’s free for groups of 30 or more students.30人或超过 30人的团队免费。
free，adj. 免费的 例：Some food in the restaurant is free.
adj. 空闲的，自由的 例：Are you free tomorrow
12、beginning 意为“开始、开端、起点”。 from beginning to end 自始至终
at the beginning = at first “起初，开始”，反义词组为 at the end
at the beginning of…在…的初期 e.g. at the beginning of April 四月初
13、as soon as possible 意为“尽早的”，相当于 as soon as you can
Study skills
1、名词+ful/less构成形容词。
ful后缀与 less后缀构成的形容词意思相反。
care→careful 细心的→careless 粗心的
help→helpful 有帮助的→helpless 无助的 例：He is a helpless boy.
例：I feel helpless about this.
use→useful 有用的→useless 无用的
例：It is a useful book.
例：It is very useful for a person to know how to swim.
例：It's useless to argue with them.
hope→hopeful 有希望的→hopeless无望的
colour→colourful 五颜六色的
home→homeless 无家可归的
2、hope，v. 希望 hope to do sth. 例：I hope to be a writer in the future.
hope + 从句 例：I hope that I can be a writer when I grow up.
n. 希望 He is the hope of the family. There is little hope that he will come.
3、taste
n. 味道 a sense of taste 味觉
v. 尝起来 It tastes good.
tasty adj意为“美味的”，作定语或表语
4、keep v. 留着，不退还 How long may I keep the book
* 保持某种状态 Please keep quiet.
* 使....某人保持某种状态 We must keep the classroom clean.
* 保守秘密 I will keep the secret for you.
* 饲养 I keep a dog to play with my daughter.
Task
1，the plan for the day.一天的计划。
2，plan a day out.计划外出的一天。
3，the biggest city square in the world 世界上最大的城市广场
4，be there for about three hours 在那人约三个小时
5，The cost is about ￥50 per student.每个学生的费用大约 50元。
6，We hope you can join us.我希望你们能加入我们。【hope+宾语从句】
练习：
一、词汇运用。
1，How many_______(总统) were there before Lincoin
2，Do you know the________(主要的) idea of the article
3，Your________(支持) means a lot to me during this difficult time.
4，These local________(文化) are very special.We are interested in them.
5，All the________(climb) are excited because they are standing on the top of the mountain.
6，_________(luck).It didn’t rain and we could play soccer as usual.
7，Don’t forget_______(say) thanks when others help you.
8，The street seemed________(end) and they walked for a long time.
9，The________(mean) of the sentence is easy to everybody.
10，It’s wrong of you to think yourself________(hope).Hope is always around you.
11，Children should learn to keep________(they) safe when they go on a trip.
12，The show on Hunan TV is noisy and_______(bored). Let’s watch Jiangsu TV.
13，Thanks for inviting us________(enjoy) the nice meal.
14，There are so many_________(wonder) places to go to in the World Park.
15，I dislike his boring and_________(meaning) talking.
二、同义句转化。
1，You needn’t do exercise every day.
You______need_______exercise every day.
2，Each student spend ￥200 on the trip.
The_______of the trip______￥200 per student.
3，What’s the width(宽度) of the Huaihai Road
_________ ________ ______Huaihai Road
4，Tom jumped higher than Jack yesterday.
Jack_______jump_________high_______Tom yesterday.
5，The number of the cars in Jurong is getting larger and larger.
There_______ _______and ________cars in Jurong.