参考答案：
1．C 2．D 3．B
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍一些去法国旅游时的建议。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“September is one of the very best months to visit France. Not only will you get to enjoy plenty of sunshine and warm weather, but the tourist season is beginning to wind down-which means cheaper airfares, lower prices at hotels, and fewer crowds. (九月是访问法国最好的月份之一。你不仅可以享受充足的阳光和温暖的天气，而且旅游季节也开始结束，这意味着机票更便宜，酒店价格更低，人群更少。)”可知，九月份，法国天气温暖，人少，安静。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据Go Wine Tasting部分“The Bordeaux, Loire and Burgundy regions are all lovely and great places to visit vineyards. Besides that, going to the castles of the Loire region in between visiting vineyards on such warm and sunny days is also very enjoyable. (波尔多、卢瓦尔和勃艮第地区都是参观葡萄园的好地方。除此之外，在这样温暖晴朗的日子里，去卢瓦尔河地区的城堡参观葡萄园也是非常愉快的。)”可知，卢瓦尔河地区有城堡和葡萄园。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据Visit the Museums部分“Many museums in France have extended opening hours during the summer to accommodate the extra tourists and locals (法国的许多博物馆在夏季延长了开放时间，以容纳额外的游客和当地人)”可知，法国的许多博物馆在夏季延长了开放时间，即6月、7月和8月延长了开放时间。故选B。
4．B 5．B 6．C 7．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了很多学生不想去上学，甚至对学校产生了压力，因此提供了几个方法，希望能帮助学生健康学习。
4．主旨大意题。根据第二段“A kid who feels stressed about school might have headaches or stomachaches. Having trouble sleeping is also a sign of stress. (一个对学校感到压力的孩子可能会头痛或胃痛。失眠也是压力的一种表现。)”可知第二段主要讲的是孩子在学校感到压力的表现，故选B。
5．细节理解题，根据第四段“It’s a good idea to talk to someone about your problems at school. (和别人谈谈你在学校的问题是个好主意。) ”,第五段“Another good idea is to write down your feeling about school. (另一个好主意是写下你对学校的感觉。)”和第六段“The next time you find yourself disliking school, this will also help you: Make a list of everything you dislike or enjoy—even there is only one thing. (下次你发现自己不喜欢学校的时候，这也会对你有帮助：把你不喜欢或喜欢的东西列一个清单——即使只有一件事。)”可知文章提到了三条建议，故选B。
6．词句猜测题。根据划线句子下文“and you might be able to put the good feeling back in school! (也许你就能把美好的感觉带回学校！)”可推测划线句子意思是试着改变自己的现状，这样你在学校就会感到美好，故选C。
7．推理判断题，通读全文，尤其第一段““I hate school, and I’m not going back!” Have you ever had that thought Lots of kids have had. Usually this feeling doesn’t last long. But what if you feel this way too much (“我讨厌学校，我不回去了！”你有过这样的想法吗？很多孩子都有过。通常这种感觉不会持续太久。但如果你有太多这样的感觉呢？)”可知文章介绍很多学生不想去上学，甚至对学校产生了压力，因此提供了几个方法，希望能帮助学生健康学习。所以这篇文章是写给学生的，故选A。
8．D 9．B 10．A 11．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了机器人对太空探索的重要性，机器人正用于太空探索。
8．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Modern day robots may not be as entertaining as R2D2 or the robot from Lost in Space，but robots are very important to space exploration and are being used in a variety of different ways for several important reasons.(现代机器人可能不像R2D2或《迷失太空》中的机器人那么有趣，但机器人对太空探索非常重要，并且由于几个重要的原因，机器人正以各种不同的方式被使用)”可知，本文主要介绍了机器人在探索太空中的优势及成就。采用对比手法，将机器人与人类对比，突出机器人在太空探索不可替代的优点。并在最后一段简述了机器人探索外太空的发展现状。由此可知，文章最好的标题是“机器人用于太空探索”。故选D项。
9．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“The temperatures on these surfaces are much too hot or much too cold for any humans(对于人类来说，这些表面的温度太热或太冷)”可推知，划线单词withstand为“经受住，顶住”的意思，与B项bear“忍受”意思一致。故选B项。
10．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The use of robots has made the cost of space exploration much less expensive than it would cost for humans to do the work.(机器人的使用使得太空探索的成本比人类进行这项工作的成本要低得多)”可知，在太空探索中使用机器人比使用人类花费更多这项陈述是错误的。故选A项。
11．推理判断题。本文讲述了现代机器人可能不如R2D2或 Lost in Space中的机器人那么有趣，但机器人对于太空探索非常重要，并且出于几个重要原因以各种不同方式使用。由此推知，作者的态度是客观的。故选D项。
12．A 13．A 14．C 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者主要分析了基于不同利益的友谊，认为只有建立在美德的友谊才值得保护和珍惜。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“What I found couldn’t be more insightful, and it rings just as true today as it must have then.(我的发现非常有见地，在今天听起来和当时一样正确。)”可知，作者认为亚里士多德对友谊的见地今天听起来和当时一样的正确，结合倒数第三段中的“It’s fascinating that, centuries ago, Aristotle offered that many individual often pursue friendships primarily for utility. And it’s easy to see that some things never change.(有趣的是，几个世纪前，亚里士多德提出许多人追求友谊主要是为了功利。很容易看出，有些事情永远不会改变。)”可知，亚里士多德提出的友谊的目的主要是为了功利，作者认为这是永远不会改变的，由此可以推断，作者多亚里士多德对友谊的看法是支持的态度。故选A项。
13．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Aristotle writes that there are three different kinds of friendship(亚里士多德写道，有三种不同的友谊)”以及下文中的“FRIENDSHIPS BASED ON UTILITY(基于效用的友谊)”、“FRIENDSHIPS BASED ON PLEASURE(基于快乐的友谊)”以及“FRIENDSHIPS BASED ON VIRTUE(基于美德的友谊)”可知，作者列举了亚里士多德的三种不同的友谊并进行简单的分析，由此可推断，作者是通过举例子来阐述亚里士多德的三种友谊。故选A项。
14．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Likewise, he wrote, “Those who love because of what is good for themselves, and those who love because of pleasure do so because of what is pleasant to themselves. Yet what one finds useful or pleasurable, is not permanent but is always changing; thus, when the reason for the friendship is done away, the friendship is dissolved.”(同样地，他写道：“爱的人是为了自己的好处，爱的人是为了自己的快乐。然而，人们觉得有用或愉快的东西，不是永久的，而是一直在变化的;因此，当友谊的原因消失了，友谊也就消失了。”。)”可知，基于利益和快乐的友谊不是永恒的而是多变的，所以，利益和快乐消失的时候，友谊也就消失了。故选C项。
15．推理判断题。根据尾段中的“And it is the friendships based on virtue that are worth protecting and cherishing. But they require considerable energy to maintain -- as Aristotle wrote, “lack of conversation has broken many a friendship” -- but what you get out of these friendships easily outweighs what you put in.(而建立在美德基础上的友谊才是值得保护和珍惜的。但它们需要相当大的精力来维持——正如亚里士多德所写的那样，“缺乏交谈已经毁掉了许多友谊”——但你从这些友谊中获得的东西很容易就超过了你投入的东西。)”可知，认为只有基于美德的友谊值得珍惜和拥有，缺乏交流破坏了友谊，所以，要想保持长久的友谊，需要的是与有共同价值观的人进行交流。故选B项。
16．B 17．E 18．C 19．G 20．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了取得成功，你应该停止做的四件事。
16．此处是本段小标题。根据本段最后一句“And don’t worry about what other people think but come after what makes you happy.(不要担心别人怎么想，先做让你开心的事)”可知，本段是在建议不要让别人来定义自己的成功，先做让自己开心的事情。故B选项“不要让别人决定什么是成功。”符合上下文语境，故选B。
17．根据最后一句“And don’t worry about what other people think but come after what makes you happy.(不要担心别人怎么想，先做让你开心的事)”可知，每个人对成功的解释方式都不同，不该让别人把他们对成功的解释强加于你。故E选项“如果你想成功，不要让别人把他们对成功的解释强加于你。”符合上下文语境，故选E。
18．根据后文“They are critical thinkers, and they understand that we all are ruled by our prejudices, so they will always question new information.(他们是批判性的思考者，他们知道我们都被自己的偏见所左右，所以他们总是会质疑新的信息)”可知，成功的人总是有质疑新信息的习惯，不会只是接受。故C选项“成功的人不会接受任何新的信息。”符合上下文语境，故选C。
19．根据本段小标题“Do not worry about all unpredictable things that may happen to you.(不要担心可能会发生在你身上的不可预见的事情)”以及上文“If you want to be successful, stop thinking about everything that may happen to you.(如果想要成功，就不要去想任何或许会发生在你身上的事情)”可知，本句承接上文应进一步说明试着去接受现实，接受无法预测的事实。故G选项“试着接受现实，接受你的未来无法预测的事实。”符合上下文语境，故选G。
20．根据下文“Your attempts to become “good” for everyone will turn into nothing but new worries, stresses, and problems.(你对每个人都“好”的尝试只会变成新的担忧、压力和问题)”可知，此处是说不可能让每个人都满意，故D选项“众所周知，我们不可能取悦身边所有的人。”符合上下文语境，故选D。
21．A 22．B 23．D 24．B 25．C 26．D 27．C 28．A 29．A 30．C 31．D 32．B 33．A 34．A 35．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一名出租车司机深夜接一名老人，送她去临终关怀院途中发生的感人故事。
21．考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天晚上，我凌晨两点半去接一位乘客。A. pick up开车接；B. play with与……一起玩；C. look after照顾；D. call up打电话。根据上文“I drove a taxi for a living（我以开出租车为生）”可知，这里说的是，开车去接乘客。故选择A项。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我去接乘客时，我发现除了一楼窗户里的一盏灯外，大楼一片黑暗。A. curtain窗帘B. light灯光；C. hole洞；D. shape形状。根据上文“I found the building was dark except for（我发现大楼一片黑暗，除了…）”可知，这里说的是除了一楼窗户里的灯，故选择B项。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“等一下，”一个虚弱而苍老的声音回答。A. strange陌生的；B. nice好的；C. happy幸福的；D. weak虚弱的。根据下文“A small woman in her eighties stood before me（一个八十多岁的小老太太站在我面前）”可知，这里要说的是虚弱而苍老的声音，故选择D项。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经过长时间的停顿，门终于打开了。A. terrible可怕的；B. long长的；C. sudden突然的；D. short短的。根据下文“the door opened at last（门终于开了）”可知，上文说的是等了很长时间，故选择B项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把手提箱拿到车上，然后回来帮助那个女人。A. rushed冲；B. offered提供；C. returned返回；D. decided决定。根据上文“I took the suitcase to the car（我把手提箱拿到车上）”可知，这里说的是返回来帮她。故选择C项。
26．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她挽着我的胳膊，我们慢慢地向汽车走去。A. quickly快速地；B. directly直接地；C. politely礼貌地；D. slowly缓慢地。根据上文“A small woman in her eighties stood before me （一个八十多岁的小老太太站在我面前）”可知，这里应该说是缓慢地走向汽车，故选择D项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她一直感谢我的好意。A. pity同情；B. support支持；C. kindness善良；D. advice建议。根据上文“I took the suitcase to the car, and then 5 to help the woman .（我把手提箱拿到车上，然后回来帮助那个女人）”可知，这里说的是她感谢我对她的帮助，故选择C项。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们上出租车后，她给了我一个地址，然后问：“你能开车穿过市中心吗？”A. address地址；B. order要求；C. smile笑；D. gift礼物。根据下文“We drove 13 to the address she had given me .（我们默默地驱车前往她给我的地址）”可知，这里说的是她给了我一个地址，故选择A项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经没有家人了。A. family家人；B. life生活；C. friends朋友；D. money钱。根据上文“I’m on my way to a hospice（我正在去临终关怀院的路上）”可知，她没有家人了，故选择A项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她给我看了她曾经工作过的大楼，她曾经住过的社区，以及她小时候跳舞的家具店。A. sent发送；B. told告诉；C. showed展示；D. left离开。根据下文“the building where she had once worked , the neighborhood where she had lived , and the furniture shop where she had gone dancing as a girl（她曾经工作过的大楼，她曾经住过的社区，以及她小时候跳舞的家具店）”可知，上文说的是她向我展示这些曾经生活过的地方，故选择C项。
31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：有时她会让我在一栋特殊的建筑前慢下来，然后坐着看着黑暗，一言不发。A. go by流逝；B. get out退出；C. run away跑开；D. slow down减速。根据下文“in front of a special building and would sit looking straight into the darkness , saying nothing（在一栋特殊的建筑前，坐着看着黑暗一言不发）”可知，她在特殊的建筑前特意要求慢下来以回忆，故选择D项。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时她会让我在一栋特殊的建筑前慢下来，然后坐着看着黑暗，一言不发。A. world世界；B. darkness黑暗；C. brightness亮度；D. sky填空。根据第一段中“One night I went to 1 a passenger at 2:30am .（一天晚上，我在凌晨2:30去接了一位乘客）”可知，这里说的是看着黑暗，故选择B项。
33．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我们默默地驱车前往她给我的地址。A. in silence沉默地；B. in danger处于危险中；C. in surprise吃惊地；D. in secret秘密地。根据上文“would sit looking straight into the darkness, saying nothing（坐着看着黑暗一言不发）”可知，这里说的是沉默地开车，没有再交谈，故选择A项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我几乎不假思索地弯下腰给了她一个拥抱。A. hug拥抱；B. lift电梯；C. handshake握手；D. answer回答。根据下文“Our hug ended with her remark（我们的拥抱以她的话结束）”可知，这里说的是我弯腰给了她一个拥抱，故选择A项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你给了一个老妇人一点快乐。A. regret后悔；B. thought想法；C. hope希望；D. joy快乐。根据上文“Almost without thinking, I bent and gave her a 14 .（我几乎不假思索地弯下腰给了她一个拥抱）”可知，这里说的是，我的拥抱给她带来了一些快乐，故选择D项。
36．traditional 37．but 38．at 39．Looking 40．a 41．shoulders 42．directly 43．were invited 44．to stop 45．attracts
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。听说中国的传统制茶技术被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产，49岁的田冠祥女士感到很高兴，对她来说，泡茶不仅是一种遗产，也是她和她的家人过上更好生活的原因。
36．考查形容词。句意：49岁的田冠祥很高兴听到中国传统制茶技术被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产。分析句子结构，使用形容词traditional作定语，修饰名词短语tea-making techniques of China，故填traditional。
37．考查连词。句意：对田女士来说，泡茶不仅是一种遗产，也是她和家人过上更好生活的原因。根据上文“tea making is not only a heritage(泡茶不仅是一种遗产)”以及下文“what has made a better life possible for her and her family(她和家人过上更好生活的原因)”可知上下文之间为并列关系，not only…but (also)为固定短语，含义为：不但……而且……，故填but。
38．考查介词。句意：茶农一家住在茶山脚下。分析句子结构，at the foot of为固定短语，含义为：在……脚下，与句子表达的含义一致，故填at。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：从窗户往回看，一年四季都可以看到茶树把山染成了鲜艳的绿色。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语，应使用非谓语动词，因非谓语动词look与其逻辑主语one之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词，首字母大写，故填Looking。
40．考查冠词。句意：过去，我们是一个贫穷的九口之家，靠茶园为生。分析句子结构，make a living为固定短语，含义为：以……为生，故填a。
41．考查名词。句意：早些年，当我去镇上卖茶时，我只能把它们扛在肩上，杆子的两端都挂着两个沉重的袋子，”田女士说。根据常识，人的肩膀有两个，所以空白处应填名词shoulder的复数形式，故填shoulders。
42．考查副词。句意：由于当地的减贫努力，村里现在已经铺设了道路和互联网，水泥路直通田家门口，自来水直接流入她的厨房。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语，使用副词，修饰动词flowing，故填directly。
43．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：2020年，几位专家被邀请到该县担任当地茶叶的首席科学家。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，与主语several experts之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，结合时间状语In 2020可知句子表达的是发生在过去的动作，使用一般过去时的被动语态，因主语为复数，故填were invited。
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：专家们告诉茶农停止使用杀虫剂，并承诺他们有更好的方法来杀死害虫。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做宾补，应使用非谓语动词，因tell sb. to do sth.为固定句型，含义为：告诉某人做某事，与句子表达的含义一致，故填to stop。
45．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：种植和销售茶叶会让我们的钱包“鼓起来”，而且还会吸引更多的游客来到茶园。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，结合并列谓语makes可知句子表达的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时，动名词短语Growing and selling tea作主语，谓语单数形式，故填attracts。
46．Dear Chis,
Knowing you’re into Chinese culture, I’m writing to invite you to join in “My Story of Chinese Hanzi”, an activity intended for foreign students.
It is scheduled for May 25 in the school concert hall. As is required, participants will deliver a 3-minute speech on a given theme. With abundant preparations, you cannot fail to fancy this special experience. Plus, the top winners will be awarded some Chinese classics. For more detailed information, you might as well ask me at any time.
Looking forward to your active participation and your story.
Regards,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是校学生会上席李华。你校拟举办“汉字缘”(My Story of Chinese Hanzi)活动，请你给留学生Chris写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加。
【详解】1.词汇积累
旨在：intend for→aim to
参加：join in→take part in
丰富的：abundant→ample
主题：theme→topic
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With abundant preparations, you cannot fail to fancy this special experience.
拓展句：If you could make abundant preparations, you cannot fail to fancy this special experience.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Knowing you’re into Chinese culture, I’m writing to invite you to join in “My Story of Chinese Hanzi”, an activity intended for foreign students. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] As is required, participants will deliver a 3-minute speech on a given theme. (运用了as引导非限制性定语从句)
答案第1页，共2页八一中学2022—2023学年第二学期高二年级期末考试
英语试卷
考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分
阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共37.5分）
A
September is one of the very best months to visit France. Not only will you get to enjoy plenty of sunshine and warm weather, but the tourist season is beginning to wind down-which means cheaper airfares, lower prices at hotels, and fewer crowds. If this is your first trip to France, here is some handy information to help you get started planning your vacation!
Go Wine Tasting
September is the beginning of the grape harvest season in France, meaning there are plenty of wine-related events and festivals around the country. So September is a great time to visit the vineyards(葡萄园) around the country and go wine tasting. The Bordeaux, Loire and Burgundy regions are all lovely and great places to visit vineyards. Besides that, going to the castles of the Loire region in between visiting vineyards on such warm and sunny days is also very enjoyable.
Take a Barge Cruise
The temperatures are slightly lower, but plenty of sunshine makes for perfect conditions to enjoy a barge cruise on the canals of France. With such comfortable weather and beautiful scenery at this time of year, nothing equals hanging out on the deck of a barge.
Visit the Museums
Many museums in France have extended opening hours during the summer to accommodate the extra tourists and locals, and some museums also have extended opening hours into September. Wandering around the Louvre will take you into a wonder world, where you can enjoy world-famous art. Going out of the Louvre, you can walk to the modem and fashionable Champs Elysees to do some shopping.
Besides the above, riding a bike through France’s villages is also a welcome activity for young visitors in September. So, don’t hesitate and start to plan your September trip to France now.
1．Which of the following can best describe France in September
A．Hot and quiet B．Cool and noisy. C．Warm and quiet. D．Cold and noisy.
2．Which region should you go to if you want to visit both Vineyards and castles
A．Paris B．Bordeaux. C．Burgundy. D．Loire.
3．According to the text, many French museums have extended opening hours in ________.
A．December B．July C．May D．February
B
“I hate school, and I’m not going back!” Have you ever had that thought Lots of kids have had.Usually this feeling doesn’t last long. But what if you feel this way too much
A kid who feels stressed about school might have headaches or stomachaches. Having trouble sleeping is also a sign of stress. And if you’re not getting enough sleep, you probably feel tired during the day. Feeling tired can make your school day even worse.
Sometimes it’s a problem with your classes and schoolwork. Maybe the work is too easy and you get bored. Or maybe the work is too hard, or you don’t feel as clever as the other kids. Reading may be difficult for you, but you are asked to do a lot of it. You may be getting farther and farther behind, and it may seem that you will never catch up with others. When you know why you don’t like school, you can start taking steps to make things better.
It’s a good idea to talk to someone about your problems at school. Your mom, dad, friends, teachers, or even classmates will be able to help you.
Another good idea is to write down your feeling about school. For instance, keep a diary or just write in a notebook. It’s a great way to let out emotion that may be stuck inside you. And you don’t have to share what you have written with others.
The next time you find yourself disliking school, this will also help you: Make a list of everything you dislike or enjoy—even there is only one thing. See what you can change on “don’t like” list. Could you find a way to show off your special interests and talents on what you like Which activities could you try that would help you solve these “don’t like” problems Focus on what you can change and you might be able to put the good feeling back in school!
4．Paragraph 2 mainly tells us the ________ of school stress.
A．examples B．signs C．reasons D．causes
5．How many pieces of advice are mentioned in the passage
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
6．The sentence “Focus on what you can change” in the reading means ________.
A．wait and see
B．be friendly to others
C．do something to change the condition
D．have a positive attitude towards schoolwork
7．This passage is mainly written for ________.
A．students B．parents C．teachers D．doctors
C
Modern day robots may not be as entertaining as R2D2 or the robot from Lost in Space, but robots are very important to space exploration and are being used in a variety of different ways for several important reasons.
Robots make great explorers on planets, moons, and other landing areas.Aside from the earth, just about every surface in the solar system is unsafe for humans to explore. The air on most other planets is insufficient for humans to breathe, making it necessary to wear a space suit and oxygen equipment. The temperatures on these surfaces are much too hot or much too cold for any humans to withstand. Plus there would be complications with radiation, weather, and a lack of gravity. Robots have much less limitation in these areas and can survive much longer under these conditions.
Robots are designed for collecting scientific data. Robots are also able to perform many tasks at one time and can process information much quicker and more efficiently. Important scientific projects from detecting minerals, analyzing ground samples, to finding water are all performed much quicker and accurately by robots.
The use of robots has made the cost of space exploration much less expensive than it would cost for humans to do the work. In order to successfully send humans into space we would need to build a vehicle that can not only carry humans, but also enough food and water to keep them alive for the duration of the trip. Moreover, robots have no problems working for hours on end.Robots never complain, they don’t require food or water, and they never need a bathroom break.
Over the past 30 years or so there have been many different types of robots used successfully in the exploration of space. Perhaps the most famous and successful robots are Spirit and Opportunity who have both been exploring the surface of Mars. They have both been very successful with experiments on soil and rocks and have even found evidence of water in Mars’ history.
8．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．The Development of Robots B．The Discovery of Space Exploration
C．No Robots, No Space Exploration D．Robots Are Used in Space Exploration
9．The underlined word “withstand” in Paragraph 2 most probably means “ ”．
A．remain B．bear C．defeat D．develop
10．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true
A．The use of robots in space exploration costs more than the use of humans.
B．It is dangerous for humans to explore other surfaces in the solar system except the earth.
C．Both Spirit and Opportunity have found the evidence of water on Mars.
D．Many different types of robots have explored the space successfully.
11．What is the writer’s attitude in this passage
A．Negative. B．Persuasive. C．Subjective. D．Objective.
D
Although social media can be enjoyable and beneficial, online relationships simply cannot replace real life connection. But simply being in the flesh with someone does not make a lasting, meaningful relationship, which got me thinking: what, exactly, does My search to answer this question took me back more than 2,000 years to Aristotle’s Nichomachean Ethics. What I found couldn’t be more insightful, and it rings just as true today as it must have then.
Aristotle writes that there are three different kinds of friendship:
FRIENDSHIPS BASED ON UTILITY, in which one or both of the parties gain something as a result of the friendship (think: much of the modern “networking” enterprise, or becoming friends with someone because you think they can help you).
FRIENDSHIPS BASED ON PLEASURE, or those centered around pleasant experiences (think: people with whom you can have a good, carefree time).
FRIENDSHIPS BASED ON VIRTUE, in which both individuals share the same values (think: people whom you admire and respect, and with whom you share what you find most important in life).
It’s fascinating that, centuries ago, Aristotle offered that many individual often pursue friendships primarily for utility. And it’s easy to see that some things never change.
Likewise, he wrote, “Those who love because of what is good for themselves, and those who love because of pleasure do so because of what is pleasant to themselves. Yet what one finds useful or pleasurable, is not permanent but is always changing; thus, when the reason for the friendship is done away, the friendship is dissolved.”
It’s OK to have some friendships mainly for utility and pleasure, but it’s important to realize that these fill a different purpose and are likely to have a shorter lifespan than one built upon shared virtue. And it is the friendships based on virtue that are worth protecting and cherishing. But they require considerable energy to maintain -- as Aristotle wrote, “lack of conversation has broken many a friendship” -- but what you get out of these friendships easily outweighs what you put in.
12．What is the author’s attitude towards Aristotle’s grouping of friendship
A．Supportive. B．Opposed. C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.
13．How does the author illustrate Aristotle’s three kinds of friendship
A．By giving examples. B．By offering instructions.
C．By making comparisons. D．By drawing conclusions.
14．Why can’t friendship based on utility and pleasure last long
A．Because there are always other friends around.
B．Because people only consider their own benefits.
C．Because people’s pursuit is not always the same.
D．Because different people make friends for different reasons.
15．According to Aristotle, how can one keep a longer friendship
A．Spend face-to-face time with your friends.
B．Keep talking to the ones with shared values.
C．Value the advantages you get out of a friend.
D．Create a pleasant atmosphere for a conversation.
二、七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分）
Are you satisfied with your life How often do you think of reasons why everyone around you is successful though they are not usually better than you What do you do wrong Here are some things you should stop doing to be successful.
16
Different people may interpret “success” in different ways: some of them measure it by money, other ones in positive changes to people around them and the world. 17 And do not worry about what other people think but come after what makes you happy.
Do not believe anything without questioning it.
18 They are critical thinkers, and they understand that we are all ruled by our prejudices; so, they will always question new information.
Do not worry about all unpredictable things that may happen to you.
If you want to be successful, stop thinking about everything that may happen to you. 19 Be ready to change your deeds and decisions when things suddenly don’t go according to your plan.
Do not care about what other people think of you.
20 Your attempts to become “good” for everyone will turn into nothing but new worries, stresses, and problems. Successful people do not concentrate on quantity of people to please, but worry about their quality and focus on developing friendships with people they really care about.
Success is good, but you should understand that life will get depressing without friendship and love.
A．Do not wait for the “right time” to do anything.
B．Do not let others decide what “success” is for you.
C．Successful people do not just accept any new information to be true.
D．As far as we all know, it’s impossible to please all the people who surround us.
E．If you want to be successful, do not let others force their interpretation of success on you.
F．Successful people never ignore or avoid problems, no matter how big and awful they seem.
G．Try to feel comfortable with the reality and accept the fact that your future can’t be predicted.
三、完形填空(共15分）
Twenty years ago, I drove a taxi for a living. One night I went to 21 a passenger at 2:30am. When I arrived to collect, I found the building was dark except for a single 22 in a ground floor window. I walked to the door and knocked. “Just a minute,” answered a 23 , elderly voice.
After a 24 pause (停留), the door opened at last. A small woman in her eighties stood before me. By her side was a small suitcase. I took the suitcase to the car, and then 25 to help the woman. She took my arm and we walked 26 toward the car. She kept thanking me for my 27 .”It’s nothing,” I told her. “I just try to treat my passengers the way I would want my mother treated.’’
“Oh, you’re such a good man,” she said. When we got into the taxi, she gave me a/an 28 , and then asked, “Could you drive through downtown ”
“It’s not the shortest way,” I answered quickly.
“Oh, I’m in no hurry,” she said. I’m on my way to a hospice (临终医院). I don’t have any 29 left. The doctor says I don’t have a chance of living very long. I quietly reached over and shut off the meter (计价表). For the next two hours, we drove through the city. She 30 me the building where she had once worked, the neighborhood where she had lived, and the furniture shop where she had gone dancing as a girl. Sometimes she’d ask me to 31 in front of a special building and would sit looking straight into the 32 , saying nothing.
At dawn (黎明), she suddenly said, “I’m tired. Let’s go now.”
We drove 33 to the address she had given me.
“How much do I pay for you ” she asked. “Nothing,” I said. “You have to make a living ,” she answered .
“Oh, there are other passengers,” I answered. Almost without thinking, I bent and gave her a 34 .
She held onto me tightly. Our hug ended with her remark, “You gave an old woman a little moment of 35 .”
21．A．pick up B．play with C．look after D．call up
22．A．curtain B．light C．hole D．shape
23．A．strange B．nice C．happy D．weak
24．A．terrible B．long C．sudden D．short
25．A．rushed B．offered C．returned D．decided
26．A．quickly B．directly C．politely D．slowly
27．A．pity B．support C．kindness D．advice
28．A．address B．order C．smile D．gift
29．A．family B．life C．friends D．money
30．A．sent B．told C．showed D．left
31．A．go by B．get out C．run away D．slow down
32．A．world B．darkness C．brightness D．sky
33．A．in silence B．in danger C．in surprise D．in secret
34．A．hug B．lift C．handshake D．answer
35．A．regret B．thought C．hope D．joy
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文(共15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tian Guanxiang, 49, was delighted to hear that the 36 (tradition) tea-making techniques of China had been listed as a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage (非物质遗产).
For Tian, tea making is not only a heritage, 37 is also what has made a better life possible for her and her family. The tea farmer’s family lives 38 the foot of the tea hill. 39 (look) back from a window, one can see tea trees dyeing the mountain to lively green all year long.
“In the past, we were a poor family of nine who made 40 living from tea gardens. In the early years, when I went to the town to sell tea, I could only carry them on my 41 (shoulder), with two heavy bags hung on each end of the pole,” Tian said. Thanks to local poverty reduction (脱贫) efforts, the village now has paved roads and Internet access, with a cement road going straight to the door of Tian’s home, and tap water flowing 42 (direct) into her kitchen. In 2020, several experts 43 (invite) to the county to serve as chief scientists for the local tea. The experts told tea farmers 44 (stop) using pesticides (农药), promising that they have better ways to kill the pests.
“With good quality, our tea sells at a better price. Growing and selling tea makes our wallets ‘swollen’ and, moreover, 45 (attract) more tourists to the tea gardens. Now, our village has become a scenic spot,” Tian said.
五、写作(共40分）
（一）假定你是校学生会上席李华。你校拟举办“汉字缘”（My Story of Chinese Hanzi）活动，请你给留学生Chris写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加。（15分）
内容包括：
1. 发出邀请；
2. 告知相关事项，包括时间、地点;
3. 期待参加。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（二）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事（25分）
Many years ago,there was a king who often thought,"Nothing good can come to a
nation whose people only complain and expect others to solve their problems."One day, he had an idea.
Early one morning,the king disguised（伪装)himself and went to a Local village. He
placed a large stone in the middle of the main street and hid a diamond(钻石）under the
stone.Then he hid behind a huge maple tree and watched.
The first person down the street was a milkman with his cart.He crashed into the stone,spilling the milk everywhere."What fool put this stone here "he shouted. He picked himself
up and angrily went away.After a while,a group of women came along,each balancing a pot
of water on her head.One woman tripped over the stone and her water pot went crashing
to the ground.She picked herself up and walked away in tears. Neither she nor her friends
thought about moving the stone out of the road.
The king watched all day as many people complained about the stone,but he found
nobody making an attempt to move it. The king was in despair "Is there no one in his
village who feels any responsibility to keep their neighbours from harm ＂
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.开头己给出。
Paragraph 1:
Just then,the king saw a young boy coming along._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Just then,the king stepped out from behind the tree.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
