牛津深圳版中考英语专题复习 冠词学案（无答案）

专题 冠词
【课前导学】
冠词是一种_______，它置于_______前，帮助说明______的含义。冠词本身不能单独使用，在句子中不重读。冠词可以分为_______和_________。此外，在某些情况下是不使用冠词的，这种不使用冠词的情况叫做___________。
【用法讲解】
1. 不定冠词的用法：
不定冠词包括______和________，只用于单数可数名词前。___用于以辅音音素开头的单词前，_______用于以元音音素开头的单词前。它们的意思相当于one, 但是不像one一样强调数量。不定冠词在很多情况下可以译成“一”、“每”，有时可以不译出。
例如：There is ______ book on the table. 桌子上有一本书。
Please give me _______ apple. 请给我一个苹果。
不定冠词的具体用法包括以下几个方面：
1）表示一类人或者一类事物中的一个。
例如：He’s_____ English teacher.　他是个英语老师。
It’s_______action movie. 这是一部动作片。
2）指某人或某物，但不具体说明是何人或何物。
例如：_______ girl is waiting for you at the school gate.
一个女孩在校门口等你。
Is there________ bank near here 这附近有银行吗？
3）用在时间、速度、价格等前，表示“每一”，相当于every。
例如：－How much are the oranges 桔子多少钱？
－Two yuan _______ kilo.　每公斤两元。
I go to school five days ________ week.我一周上五天课。
4）用在某一些固定搭配的短语中。
例如：__________　许多 _________ 一点　 after a while 一会儿　
__________ 看一看　______________ 玩得高兴　 ________ 感冒
5）用在序数词前，表示“又一”，“再一”。
例如，I have three books. I want to buy _____fourth one.
我已经有三本书，我想买第四本。
I want to have _______third try. 我想要试第三次。、
【习题巩固】
1.Jack is honest boy . He wants to be useful person when he grow up.
A. a;an B. an; an C. an; a D. a; a
2.There is “s” in the word “school”
A. an B. a C. the D./
2. 定冠词的用法：
定冠词_______用于名词（可数名词单数和复数，以及不可数名词）前表______，翻译为“这个（些），那个（些）”，或者不翻译。具体用法如下：
1） 特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。
例如：______ apple on the plate is for you. 盘子里的苹果是你的。
_______ book on the desk is mine. 桌子上的那本书是我的。
2） 说话双方都知道的人或者事物。
例如：Please go and close______ door. 请过去把门关上。
3） 指上文刚提到的人或物。
例如：I found____ picture in the box.________picture was very beautiful.
我在箱子里发现了一幅画。那幅画非常美丽。
写作训练：房间里有个女孩，那个女孩是我姐姐。（There be句型）
____________________________________________________________
4）用在世界上独一无二的事物前面。
例如：______ sun is bigger than ______ moon. 太阳比月亮大。
5）用在序数词和形容词的最高级前面。
例如：You are _____ best student in our school. 你是我们学校最好的。
Don’t put off what you should do to ______ last second.
不要把该做的事拖到最后时刻。
6）用在普通名词构成的专有名词前。
例如：___________ 长城 ____________ 颐和园
7）用在乐器名称前。
例如：The little girl likes playing ______ violin.　
那个小女孩喜欢拉小提琴。
8）用在姓氏的复数前，表示“某某一家人或者夫妻俩”。
例如：the Greens 格林一家/格林夫妇
the Blacks 布莱克一家/布莱克夫妇
9）用在某些固定搭配的习惯用语中。
例如：____________在上午 by the way 顺便说一下
at the same time 同时 all the time　一直
____________ 在……中间 　____________ 铺床
【习题巩固】
1. Beijing , capital of China, is city with a long history.
A. the;the B. a; a C.the; a D. /; the
2. Jim lives in north of the city.
A. a B. an C. / D. the
3. As we all know, sun is much bigger than earth.
A. the;the B. a;a C. a;the D. the; a
4.Sometimes, rich are not happy.
A. an B. a C. the D./
3. 零冠词的用法：
单独使用名词不使用冠词的情况，在英语中称为零冠词的用法。常见的零冠词的用法有：
1）专有名词(人名、地名国名等)和不可数名词前。
例如：They live in ___ China. 他们住在中国。
His name is ___Li Lei. 他叫李雷。
She likes drinking milk very much. 她很喜欢喝牛奶。
2）复数名词表示一类人或事物时。
例如：I like ___ pandas. They are very cute. 我喜欢熊猫。它们非常可爱。
She thinks ___thrillers are very scary. 她认为恐怖片很可怕。
3）在称呼语、头衔和职务名称前。
例如：I like my___English teacher, Miss Wang. 我喜欢我的英语老师王老师。
4）四季、月份、节假日、日期和星期等名词前不用冠词。
例如：They will have___ football match on Friday.　
星期五他们将有一场足球赛。
5）一日三餐、球类运动前不用冠词。
例如：My brother is playing ___basketball with his friends now.
我弟弟正在和朋友们打篮球。
She has ___breakfast at six o’clock.
她六点吃早餐。
6）名词前有做定语的词this, that, my, your, some, any, each, every等修饰时。
例如：This is my book. 这是我的书。
Some people don’t like his new movie. 一些人不喜欢他的新电影。
7）某些固定词组中不用冠词。
例如：________　在校学习　__________住院　__________　上床睡觉
face to face　面对面　 ___________步行　__________　乘公共汽车
【习题巩固】
My brother Tom can play ping-pong well, but he can’t______play violin.
People like to walk by __sea in June and July.
【真题链接】
John and James often travel together. They are very good fiends, 21 sometimes they argue (争吵) with each other.
One day, they get 22 a desert(沙漠). They have a little food and water. John says, “We should 23 the food and the water for later use.”But James wants 24 the water now. They begin to argue and then they fight (打架). James writes on the sand (沙), “My best friend fights with me!”
Later they see 25 lake in front of them. They are very 26 . When James walks along the lake, he falls into it. John saves him. James thanks John. James writes 27 on a stone (石头) close to the lake before they 28 . It is“My best friend 29 my life.”
He says to John, “When you fight with me, I write it on the sand. The wind will blow it away. However, when you save my life, I write it on a stone. It will 30 there forever.
( )21. A. so B. but C. or D. because
( )22. A. at B. on C. in D. to
( )23. A. keep B. keeps C. keeping D. to keep
( )24. A. drink B. drinks C. to drink D. to drinking
( )25. A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )26. A. happy B. happily C. happiness D. happier
( )27. A. anything B. nothing C. everything D. something
( )28. A. left B. leave C. leaves D. leaving
( )29. A. save B. saved C. saves D. to save
( )30. A. was B. are C. is D.be
【阅读拓展】
A few years ago, my young sons Sam, Jerry and Alex took part in a bike competition in a town far from our home. Their father was busy, so I drove them to the competition.
We were new to the town and didn’t know anyone there. But soon, one woman gave me a chair. In the afternoon, we talked happily. Her name was Bev and she was there with her sons Jim and Carl.
Unluckily, in one of the last races, my son Alex had an accident (事故). He broke his arm badly. Just before I decided to take Alex to the hospital, I saw a familiar (熟悉的) face. It was Bev.
Although I hardly knew her, she could see I was scared(害怕) by the accident and the worry of having two other children to care for in an unfamiliar town.
“You go with him to the hospital,” Bev said. “I’ll take the other two home with my boys. Here is my phone number. I live not far from the town hospital.”
I will never forget her kindness in taking two children off my hands so I could give my injured (受伤的) child the best care.
A friendship started that day, and is still growing now.
( )45. The writer drove her sons to the competition, because__________.
A.the competition was in a city far from their town
B.her three sons were very young
C.her husband was busy
D.the car was new
( )46. In the race, Alex hurt his______.
A. leg B. arm C. hand D. head
( )47. From the passage, we can know that Bev is________
A. kind B. shy C. silly D. proud
( )48. The writer writes this passage to .
A.ask Bev for help B.say sorry to Alex
C.tell a story about a bike competition D.show how she and Bev became friends
【词汇积累】
competition_______ Unluckily______________ accident_______ decided__________ familiar/unfamiliar_______ Although_______ scared___________ kindness_______________ friendship______