教科版（广州）英语五年级下册五升六 名词专题专项提升练习（无答案）

名词专题
一、名词基础知识
知识点1.名词的定义和分类
1) 定义：名词表示人、地方、事物或抽象概念的统一名称。
2) 名词按数量可分为两大类：__________名词和__________名词。
3) 可数名词是指能以数目来计算，可以分成个体的人或东西。
4) 不可数名词是指不能以数目来计算，不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料 的东西。常见不可数名词有颗粒，粉尘，气体，液体，物质，抽象概念等。
①液体： _________________________________________________________
②自然现象：_________________________________________________________ ③食品类： _________________________________________________________ ④抽象概念：_________________________________________________________ 5) 有些名词既可作为可数名词也用作不可数名词，但意义上有变化。如：
fish __________ __________ chicken__________ __________
orange __________ __________ time__________ __________
glass__________ __________ paper __________ __________
room __________ __________
6) 可数名词通常有__________和__________两种形式；
不可数名词通常__________复数形式。
例 1. 请归类可数名词和不可数名词，把该单词的编号写在相应的位置上。
book milk rice bun soup water tea hamburger desk bread money banana egg coffee meat tree pork tooth pen beef chair
1.可数名词：__________________________________________________________
2.不可数名词：_______________________________________________________
知识点2：可数名词的数
1) 一般情况下，在单数名词词尾加__________。
如：apple—apples；book—books；
2) 以________________ 结尾的名词，在词尾加es。
如：bus—buses；peach—peaches；
3) 以辅音字母+y结尾的的名词，去y为__________，再加__________；以元音字母+y结尾的名词，直接加__________。
如：library—libraries；boy—boys；
4) 以o结尾的名词，加__________（英雄爱吃土豆西红柿和芒果）；其他加__________。如：potato—potatoes； zoo—zoos；
5) 以-f/-fe结尾的名词，变__________为__________加__________。
如：knife—knives；shelf—shelves。
可数名词的不规则变化：
1) oo变ee: ___________________________________________________________
2) a变e: _____________________________________________________________
3)词尾加en/ ren: ______________________________________________________
4) 单复数一样: _______________________________________________________
5) 不规则变化: _______________________________________________________
小练笔：
1.There are a lot of __________ on the bus.
A.China B.Chinas C.Chinese D.Chineses
2.Mr. and Mrs. Decarlo like Chinese __________.
A.foods and peoples B.foods and people C.food and peoples
D.food and people
3.There __________ some __________ in the pond.
A.is; fish B.is; fishes C.are; fish D.are; fishes
知识点3：某国人的“数”
口诀：“中、日”友好是一致；“英、法”联盟a变e；其他一律加s 。 如：Chinese—__________; Japanese—__________; Englishman—__________; Frenchman—__________; German—__________; American—__________; Australian—__________.
小练笔：
1.There are four __________ and two __________ in the group.
A. Japanese; Englishmen B. Japaneses; Englishmen
C. Japanese; Englishmans D. Japaneses; Englishmans
2.There are some __________ and __________ on the bus.
A. Frenchmans; Germans B. Frenchmen; Germen
C. Frenchmans; Germen D. Frenchmen; Germans
3.Mr. Black is from __________. He’s __________. He speaks __________.
A. America; American; English B. Chinese; China; Chinese
C. Australia; Australian; Russian D. England; French; France
知识点4：复合名词的数
1) You can pick oranges from the orange trees.
2) There are forty men teachers in our school.
我发现了：
1) 复合名词变复数时，只改中心词为__________；
如：girl student→__________
2) 由__________或__________加另一个名词构成的复合名词时，两个都变复数； 如：woman doctor-__________ (女医生); man servant-__________ (男服务员)
小练笔：
1.We have five __________ in our garden so we can eat a lot of apples every year.
A. apple tree B. apples tree C. apple trees D. apples trees
2.Will you please show me the way to the __________ shop
A. shoe B. shoes’ C. shoes D. shoe’s
3. Those people are __________ (woman) doctors.
知识点5：不可数名词的表示
例题：
1) The food is very fresh.
2) There is some water on the plate.
3) I have much homework to do after school.
4) I want to drink a box of milk.
5) I want to drink two boxes of milk.
我发现了：
1) 不可数名词主要是以物质名词与抽象名词为主。
2) 不可数名词通常__________（有/没有）复数形式，__________（能/不能）直接与a，an 连用，也__________ （能/不能）直接用数字表数量。
3) 不可数名词作为主语时，是__________（三单/非三单）主语，谓语动词要用___________形式。
4) 修饰不可数名词的数量词语有：______________________________________________________。
5) 不可数名词可用“量词短语”表示的数量，结构是：____________________________________________。
6) 不可数名词用“量词短语”表示数量时，数量>1时，量词要用___________。
7) 常见量词： __________（玻璃杯）；__________（瓶）；__________（杯）；__________（片，张）； __________（双）；__________（盘）；__________（碗）；__________（盒）； __________（包）；__________（公斤）。
小练笔：
1. There is some __________ (food) in the basket.
2. I would like some apple __________ (juice). I am very thirsty.
3. I see you have some white __________ (hair).
4. There are two __________ (cup) of __________ (tea) on the table.
二、名词所有格
知识点1：含’s的名词所有格
1) This is Alice’s dress.
2) Miss Li is in the teachers’ room now.
3) These children’s mothers are friends.
4) This is Lily and Lucy’s room.
5) Both Lily’s and Lucy’s rooms are beautiful.
我发现了：
1) 名词所有格用来表示两个人或事物之间的___________关系，即“某人的什么人或东西”。
2) _________所有格通常用于有生命的所属关系，一般在名词后加___________。
3) 以s结尾的名词后加___________构成所有格。如：教师节_________________。
4) 不以s结尾的名词加___________构成所有格。如：父亲节________________。
5) and连接两个并列主语时，如果表示两人共有，则只在 ___________（前者/后者）加’s。 如：Jane and Helen’s room 珍妮和海伦的房间。
6) and连接两个并列主语，时表示各自拥有，则___________都要加’s 。
如：Bill’s and Tom’s radios 比尔的收音机和汤姆的收音机。
小练笔：
1.翻译
教师节_____________________ 儿童节________________________
母亲节_____________________ 妇女节________________________
2.Mr Smith is __________ father. They are twin sisters.
A. Mary’s and John’s B. Mary’s and John
C. Mary and John’s D. Mary and Johns’
3.__________ fathers couldn’t come to school, because they have gone to Changsha.
A. Li Ping and Wang Hua B. Li Ping’s and Wang Hua
C. Li Ping and Wang Hua’s D. Li Ping’s and Wang Hua’s
知识点2：时间、距离等无生命的所有格
表示时间、距离、国家、地点等无生命的名词表达。
表示时间：two days’ trip today’s newspaper
表示距离：two hours’ walk ten minutes’ drive
表示国家：China’s weather India’s problems
表示地点：the city’s parks Beijing’s streets 北京的街道
我发现了：
表示时间、距离、国家、地点等名词虽然是无生命的，但是通常用 _______________（’s所有格/of 所有格）表示所有关系。
小练笔：
1.--- How __________ is it from Guangzhou to Beijing
--- It’s more than four __________ flight.
A. long; hour’s B. far; hour’s C. long; hours’ D. far; hours’
2.The market isn’t far from here. It’s only __________ .
A. half an hours’ ride B. half an hour’s ride
C. half an hour ride D. an hour and a half ride
知识点3：of所有格
1) 没有生命的事物（名词），通常用__________（of/’s）表示所有关系。如：the legs of the desk。
2) 注意of所有格短语中英文语序是__________（相同/不同）的。如：“A的B”用of所有格表示为“(the) B of A”。
小练笔：
1.There is a map __________ China on the wall. It’s my __________.
A. to; fathers’ B. of; father’s C. with; father’s D. of; fathers’
2.The capital __________ __________（中国的首都）is Beijing.
知识点4：双重所有格
例题：
1) David is a friend of my father's. 戴维是我父亲的一位朋友。
2) I gave him two photos of mine. 我给了他我的两张照片。
3) These are some inventions of Edison's. 这些是爱迪生的一些发明。
我发现了：
1) 双重所有格两种表达：
①名词+of+ __________ 如：a friend of my father’s；
②名词+of+ __________如：a photo of mine；
“of＋名词所有格”中的名词必须表示__________（人/物），不能表示__________（人/物）。
3) “of＋名词所有格”中的名词必须是__________（泛指/特指）的，不能是__________（泛指/特指）的。
小练笔：
1.Tom is __________. He will come to see me.
A. my a friend B. a friend of my C. mine friend D. a friend of mine
2.Uncle Chen is __________.
A. the son's of my grandfather's B. a son of my grandfather
C. a son's my grandfather D. a son of my grandfather's
3. A friend of __________ (she) has a beautiful house in the countryside.
整合训练：
1.There are plenty of __________ in the box.
A. sheep B. pork C. air D. orange
2. A box of _______ is twenty yuan, and two bottles of water __________ four yuan.
A. apple; is B. apples; is C. apples; are D. apple; are
3.There are twenty__________ in this hospital. Some of them are ________.
A. man doctors, Germans B. men doctors, Germans
C. man doctor, Germen D. men doctors, Germen
4.I am a friend of __________.
A. the Green B. the Greens C. the Greens’s D. the Greens’
5.Look,there is some __________ in the picture.
A.coke B.two cups of tea C.bottle of coffee D.oranges
6.This is __________ bedroom. The twins sisters like it very much.
A. Jenny and Maria's B. Jenny's and Maria C. Jenny's and Maria's
7.用所给词的适当形式填空。
(1) My little brother has got two __________ (watch). One is old, the other is new.
(2) Tomorrow two __________ (Australian) and three __________(Frenchman) will visit our company.
(3) Be careful! Those __________ (knife) are very sharp.
(4) Mr White has only one _______ (child), but Mr Smith has five _________ (child).
(5) This is my __________ (teacher) office. There are seven __________ (teacher) in this office.
(6) It’s thirty-eight __________ (minute) walk from my home to Guangzhou International School.