四川省攀枝花市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题（含解析，无听力部分）
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| 名称 | 四川省攀枝花市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题（含解析，无听力部分） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-08-11 13:20:35 | ||
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攀枝花市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试
英语试题卷
本试题卷共10页。考生作答时，须将答案答在答题卡上，在本试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答题前，务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。并用2B铅笔将答题卡考号对应数字标号涂黑。
2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
3.答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔在答题卡上题目所指示的答题区域内作答。答在试题卷上无效。
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Ticket Information
Due to extremely high demand, tickets for the three traditional end-of-year concerts of the Vienna Philharmonic are drawn(抽签)on the Vienna Philharmonic website. In this way, people worldwide have an equal chance to purchase these highly desired tickets.
Application Period: February 1-28, 2023
During this period, interested persons can apply on this website for tickets to the Preview Performance, the New Year’s Eve Concert, and the New Year’s Concert. The first step toward making an application for tickets is to register for the drawing. The registration is separate from your user account for the Webshop and is specifically for the drawing. Users can enter their ticket preferences for the upcoming concerts during the application period.
Price Categories
The number of tickets for the New Year’s Concert is limited to two, and the number of tickets for the Preview Performance and New Year’s Eve Concert can be up to four. The ticket prices range between 35? and 1200 ? for the New Year’s Concert, 25 ? and 860 ? for the New Year’s Eve Concert, and between 20? and 495 ? for the Preview Performance. If you wish to change your application, you may only do so during the application period. In March, you will know the results of the drawing.
When Should I Apply
Within the one-month application period, the actual time of application is irrelevant. An application made on February 1 has the same chances as an application made on February 28. The only way to obtain tickets for these concerts is by taking part in the online drawing! Requests submitted through the postal system, by e-mail or by any other means will not be considered!
For more information, please click here.
1. How much should you pay at least for two tickets for the New Year’s Concert
A. 35?. B. 40?. C. 50?. D. 70?.
2. How do you get tickets for these concerts
A. By applying on the website.
B. By posting requests through the postal system.
C. By making the application as early as possible.
D. By sending email to the Vienna Philharmonic website.
3. Where does this text probably come from
A. A newspaper. B. A webpage.
C. A music magazine. D. A tourist brochure.
B
Being a high school coach provides wonderful opportunities not only to seek great skill from students in sports, but also to implant(灌输)in them some valuable life lessons. Donta Green, a hardworking coach at Westinghouse High School in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania has brought his school team to victory. Although part of this is the result of physical fitness and practice, an improved general attitude has also played a key role in the team’s success.
One way Green has changed his players’ behaviors is a strict no-bad-words rule. This applies to(适用于)players and coaches alike. If anyone uses bad language then they can expect to start doing push-ups. In another way, the coach is also addressing the way the high school students dress. No students are to be seen wearing trousers hanging too low and players should walk the corridors of the school in suit and tie.
This is having a positive effect on the students and their academic success, with the team grade average being 3.2. These changes are really affecting the way the players see themselves. As Keyshawn Morsillo, the team’s star player, pointed out: “He’s changed us. Everyone on the football team used to have some bad behaviors. But he has showed us the right way to be a successful man. We respect him and follow his footsteps. Really, he’s helping turn us from boys to men.”
This is influencing the general attitude for these students not only in the school, but also in the wider community, too.
“A lot of the things we do might seem like small things, but they add up to big things. There are things we do that set us apart from other programs. It’s just a lot of simple disciplines. That’s what is lacking in a lot of our young people.” pointed out Green.
While the team continues to impress, it’s important to pay attention to how these small steps can inspire others. We can strengthen in our own children the importance of behaving properly.
4. Why did Donta Green try to change his players’ behaviors
A. To improve their entire quality.
B. To achieve their academic success.
C. To better their communicative skills.
D. To focus their mind on physical training.
5. What is the students’ attitude to the extra disciplines in the team
A. Negative. B. Supportive. C. Uncaring. D. Skeptical.
6. What do Green’s words mean in Paragraph 6
A. Some young people lack necessary disciplines.
B. All the students in his school behave very well.
C. Students’ correct daily behaviors are important.
D. A coach should set a good example for the students.
7. What is the text mainly about
A. A player is changing from a boy to a sport star.
B. A coach has brought his school team to victory.
C. A coach is teaching players valuable life lessons.
D. A football team has won the heart of community.
C
Vehicles on our roads are now mostly petrol and diesel(柴油)cars, but their days cannot continue for much longer. A recent university study found that current electric cars could be used for 87 percent of daily car journeys in the US. That figure could rise to 98 percent by 2020.
One hurdle to the widespread adoption of electric cars has been “range anxiety”—drivers’ concerns about running out of electricity on a journey. While petrol stations are conveniently located across national road systems, the necessary network of electric charging stations is still being developed. That said, charging points are becoming increasingly common throughout the USA.
Attitudes towards electric vehicles have changed greatly over the last few years. Not that long ago, electric cars were met with distrust, and their high prices drove customers away. Thanks to improvements in battery capacity, recharging times, performance and price, the current generation of electric cars are starting to persuade picky consumers. Plug-in cars will soon give internal combustion engine(内燃机)models a run for their money.
As well as development on the road, electric vehicles are taking to the seas and skies. Electric boats are among the oldest methods of electric travel, having enjoyed several decades of popularity from the late 19th to the early 20th century before petrol-powered outboard motors took over. Now, the global drive for renewable energy sources is bringing electric boats back. Steps towards electric air travel are also being made, with Airbus and NASA among the organizations developing and testing battery-powered planes. The experiments could soon make commercial(商业的)electric flight a reality.
Electric vehicles do not produce any emissions(排放). If the US could replace 87 percent of its cars with electric vehicles, it would reduce the national demand for petrol by 61 percent. However, because of the production processes and the generation of electricity required to charge these vehicles, they cannot claim(声称)to be completely emission-free. That said, as many countries continue to increase their use of renewable energy sources, electric vehicles will become even cleaner.
8. The underlined word “hurdle” in Paragraph 2 probably means __________.
A. aim B. difficulty C. result D. step
9. Why did many people refuse to buy the electric cars in the past
A. They were very poorly made. B. They were not widely promoted.
C. They were expensive. D. They couldn’t travel at a high speed.
10. What is the function of Paragraph 4
A. To introduce the history of electric travel.
B. To explain why the world needs more electric cars.
C. To show why more people have interest in electric cars.
D. To describe different ways electric vehicles can be used.
11. Which is the best title for this passage
A. Driving into a Cleaner Future B. History of Electric Cars
C. Problems with Petrol and Diesel Cars D. Best Means of Transportation
D
Have you ever had the strong wish to open a book and stick your nose straight into the pages The smell of old books can refresh any book lovers. We don’t know why, but it is just pleasant to us.
Describing the smell can be a challenge. And mere adjectives will likely be of little use to future generations of historians trying to record, understand or reproduce the scent(气味)of slowly destroyed books. Now, that task may have just become easier thanks to the Historic Book Odor Wheel(气味轮).
In one experiment, researchers asked visitors at the historic library to describe the scents they smelled. All the visitors selected words like “woody”, “smoky” and “earthy” from the list, and described the smell’s intensity(浓度)and pleasantness. In another experiment, the study authors presented visitors to the Birmingham Museum with eight smells—one of which was an unlabeled(未贴标签的)historic book scent and seven were non-bookish, such as coffee, chocolate, fish market and dirty clothes. The researchers then had those museumgoers describe the historic book smell. The top two responses Chocolate and coffee. “You tend to use familiar associations to describe smells when they are unlabeled,” study author Cecilia Bembibre says.
The team even analysed the volatile organic compounds(VOCs)(挥发性有机化合物)in the book and the library. Using the data from the chemical analysis and visitors’ smell descriptions, the researchers created the Historic Book Odor Wheel to record the “historic library smell”. Main categories, such as “sweet/spicy”, fill the inner(内侧的)circle of the wheel; descriptors, such as “chocolate/cream”, fill the middle; and the chemical compounds likely to be the source with bad smells, like furfural, fill the outer circle. The researchers want the book odor wheel to be a tool that “untrained noses” can use to recognize smells and the compounds causing them, which could deal with historic book protectors’ concerns about material composition and historic paper protection. And hopefully, smells of the past can be reproduced in the lab someday and museums and historians can use it to rebuild a past we can no longer smell.
12. What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A. To introduce the main topic. B. To describe different book smells.
C. To show the author’s attitude. D. To encourage people to read books.
13. People usually describe unlabeled smells by __________.
A. using adjectives B. linking them with food smells
C. analyzing chemical components D. connecting them with familiar things
14. What is the function of the “Historic Book Odor Wheel”
A. To test different smells. B. To store book smells.
C. To describe smells. D. To collect history books.
15. What might the study be used for in the future
A. Creating a whole new smell.
B. Improving people’s sense of smell.
C. Getting rid of bad smells of old books.
D. Reproducing smell of historic books.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Educate Yourself
Despite fears of automation （自动化）destroying jobs, history shows that new technology often ends up creating new jobs and opportunities. If you want to take advantage of these new jobs, you’ll need to be able to teach yourself new things. ____16____. But the following process should get you off to a very good start.
Discover what you want to learn.
The obvious first step is to pick a skill or subject. You probably have an unclear idea in mind already, but you are encouraged to make it more specific. Let’s take learning piano as an example. ____17____ To play a few of your favorite songs To play in a band with your friends To become the next Carnegie Hall pianist You can better record and study your learning progress by doing so.
Determine how you learn best.
You can start finding materials once a learning goal is set. ____18____, you should do some self-reflection（反思）and determine your learning style. However, it’s not as simple as you thought. In reality, you probably learn well in multiple ways, and the best approach will also depend on the topic.
Start with the right learning resources.
If you’re totally new to a subject, you are recommended to read some existing learning resources to get started. Focus on resources that are designed for beginners. This way, you don’t develop bad habits. ____19____.
Practice attentively.
When you practice attentively, you set a specific intention for your practice period and focus on only that. You’re also honest about your present performance, constantly asking how you can improve. ____20____. You could play the guitar absently for 10,000 hours but still be no closer to a great guitarist. It requires attentive, focused practice.
A. Do you like playing the piano
B. What exactly do you want to learn
C. It takes frequent practice to make perfect
D Before you begin specific books or courses
E. Putting in the hours is necessary but not enough
F. It’s difficult to give exact steps for self-education
G. And choose whatever learning resources work best for your style
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入的空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
When Ariel rode her bike to Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge(保护区)in Queens, New York, last November, she planned to go hiking and bird-watching. Bingo! A mile into her walk, she ____21____ a gorgeous female mute swan near the water’s edge. Ariel, 30, who had worked at the Wild Bird Fund rehabilitation(康复)center in Manhattan, knew that mute swans can be ____22____. But it didn’t move as she ____23____ this one.
She was certain that the bird needed ____24____ attention. Then Ariel ____25____ her jacket over the bird’s head to keep it calm, ____26____ picked it up, and cradled it in her arms. And then an idea ____27____ her: What do I do now
Her best choice was the rehabilitation center. ____28____, that was across the East River and on the other side of town. How was she going to ____29____ a 17-pound swan on her bike all that way Luckily, some strangers driving by offered her, her bike, and the swan a _____30_____ to a nearby subway station. And no one seemed particularly _____31_____ by the feathered passenger on the subway. One guy, says Ariel, was “sitting right in front of me on his phone. I don’t know if he noticed there was a swan in front of him.”
Ariel _____32_____ the rehabilitation center, and Higginbotham, an animal-care manager, _____33_____ her up at the subway station and drove bird, bike, and _____34_____ to the center. There, staff members _____35_____ that the swan might have lead(铅)poisoning, caused by swallowing weights used on fishing lines.
The staff did all they could to help her. _____36_____, even with all the thoughtful care, the swan caught a serious disease due to bacterial infection. Two months after Ariel came to her rescue, she _____37_____.
It’s a(n)_____38_____ ending, but the real story is just _____39_____ some people are willing to go to save a swan in the big city. In all, Ariel traveled two hours by foot, car, and subway while dragging her bike. “That’s the perfect _____40_____ of who she is,” says Higginbotham.
21. A. seized B. accompanied C. spotted D. appreciated
22. A. aggressive B. brave C. gentle D. beautiful
23. A. checked B. hugged C. caught D. approached
24. A. patient B. media C. public D. medical
25. A. hung B. covered C. pulled D. held
26. A. cautiously B. quickly C. immediately D. casually
27. A. inspired B. struck C. interested D. stopped
28. A. However B. Otherwise C. Meanwhile D. Therefore
29. A. seat B. support C. transport D. comfort
30. A. car B. map C. boat D. lift
31. A. disturbed B. embarrassed C. amused D. upset
32. A. discovered B. reached C. visited D. called
33. A. looked B. picked C. brought D. cheered
34. A. guy B. passenger C. rescuer D. strangers
35. A. confirmed B. imagined C. determined D. declared
36. A. Hopefully B. Sadly C. Eventually D. Strangely
37. A. got better B. passed away C. flew away D. returned home
38. A. disappointing B. comforting C. heart-warming D. inspiring
39. A. how often B. how long C. how far D. how soon
40. A. condition B. process C. expectation D. summary
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Stress used to be an almost unknown word, but now we have got used to ____41____(talk)about it.
In recent years, stress has been regarded as a cause of many kinds of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness. But like so many other things, it is only too much stress ____42____ does you harm. If you are stuck at home with no stress, then there is slight chance that you will make much ____43____(achieve). In some degree, the more stress you are under, the ____44____(good)your performance will be.
Beyond a certain point, though, further stress will only lead to exhaustion, illness and finally a breakdown. You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself ____45____ number of questions. Do you, for example, feel that too much is being expected of you, and yet find it impossible ____46____(say)no Do you find yourself getting impatient or ____47____(annoy)with people over unimportant things If the answer to all those questions ____48____(be)yes, it’s best to control your stress, because you probably are under more stress than is good for you.
You can partly control the amount of stress in your life. Doctors have worked out a chart showing how much stress is involved in various ____49____(activity). Getting married is 50, pregnancy 40, moving house 20, Christmas 12, etc. _____50_____ the total stress in your life is over 150, you are twice as likely to get ill.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Honesty, considering as a good quality, is of vital importance. Honest people won respect while a liar is looked down upon because dishonesty leads to distrust and even ruin one’s reputation. So how to be the honest student Firstly, you’d better not to copy homework or cheat in the exam. Beside, keep your promise and try to do things well. More importantly, tell the truth instead lies. Only in this way can you make lots of progresses in your studies and make more friends. If you’re honest with other, you’ll be treated the same way. There is no doubt whether an honest student will have a bright future.
第二节 写作（满分25分）
52. 假定你是攀枝花中学高二学生李华。你和同学把一则故事改编成了一个英语短剧，准备参加学校举办英语戏剧比赛。请你给外教Miss Evans写封邮件，请她帮忙指导。邮件内容包括：
1.剧情简介；
2.寻求外教的帮助；
3.商定时间地点；
4.表示感谢
注意：
1.词数100左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：改编——adapt vt. 戏剧——drama
Dear Miss Evans,
I’m writing to ask you to do me a favor.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely
Li Hua
攀枝花市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试
英语试题卷 答案解析
本试题卷共10页。考生作答时，须将答案答在答题卡上，在本试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答题前，务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。并用2B铅笔将答题卡考号对应数字标号涂黑。
2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
3.答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔在答题卡上题目所指示的答题区域内作答。答在试题卷上无效。
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Ticket Information
Due to extremely high demand, tickets for the three traditional end-of-year concerts of the Vienna Philharmonic are drawn(抽签)on the Vienna Philharmonic website. In this way, people worldwide have an equal chance to purchase these highly desired tickets.
Application Period: February 1-28, 2023
During this period, interested persons can apply on this website for tickets to the Preview Performance, the New Year’s Eve Concert, and the New Year’s Concert. The first step toward making an application for tickets is to register for the drawing. The registration is separate from your user account for the Webshop and is specifically for the drawing. Users can enter their ticket preferences for the upcoming concerts during the application period.
Price Categories
The number of tickets for the New Year’s Concert is limited to two, and the number of tickets for the Preview Performance and New Year’s Eve Concert can be up to four. The ticket prices range between 35? and 1200 ? for the New Year’s Concert, 25 ? and 860 ? for the New Year’s Eve Concert, and between 20? and 495 ? for the Preview Performance. If you wish to change your application, you may only do so during the application period. In March, you will know the results of the drawing.
When Should I Apply
Within the one-month application period, the actual time of application is irrelevant. An application made on February 1 has the same chances as an application made on February 28. The only way to obtain tickets for these concerts is by taking part in the online drawing! Requests submitted through the postal system, by e-mail or by any other means will not be considered!
For more information, please click here.
1. How much should you pay at least for two tickets for the New Year’s Concert
A. 35?. B. 40?. C. 50?. D. 70?.
2. How do you get tickets for these concerts
A. By applying on the website.
B. By posting requests through the postal system.
C. By making the application as early as possible.
D. By sending email to the Vienna Philharmonic website.
3. Where does this text probably come from
A. A newspaper. B. A webpage.
C. A music magazine. D. A tourist brochure.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要提供了音乐会的一些售票信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The ticket prices range between 35 ? and 1200 ? for the New Year’s Concert, 25 ? and 860 ? for the New Year’s Eve Concert, and between 20 ? and 495 ? for the Preview Performance.(新年音乐会的票价在35欧元到1200欧元之间，跨年音乐会的票价在25欧元到860欧元之间，预览演出的票价在20欧元到495欧元之间)”可知，两张新年音乐会的票至少要70?。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“During this period, interested persons can apply on this website for tickets to the Preview Performance, the New Year’s Eve Concert, and the New Year’s Concert. (在此期间，有兴趣的人士可在本网站申请预演、跨年音乐会和跨年音乐会的门票。)”可知，你可以通过在网站上申请获得这些音乐会的门票。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一句“For more information, please click here.(更多信息，请点击这里。)”可推断，文章很可能来自网页。故选B。
B
Being a high school coach provides wonderful opportunities not only to seek great skill from students in sports, but also to implant(灌输)in them some valuable life lessons. Donta Green, a hardworking coach at Westinghouse High School in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania has brought his school team to victory. Although part of this is the result of physical fitness and practice, an improved general attitude has also played a key role in the team’s success.
One way Green has changed his players’ behaviors is a strict no-bad-words rule. This applies to(适用于)players and coaches alike. If anyone uses bad language then they can expect to start doing push-ups. In another way, the coach is also addressing the way the high school students dress. No students are to be seen wearing trousers hanging too low and players should walk the corridors of the school in suit and tie.
This is having a positive effect on the students and their academic success, with the team grade average being 3.2. These changes are really affecting the way the players see themselves. As Keyshawn Morsillo, the team’s star player, pointed out: “He’s changed us. Everyone on the football team used to have some bad behaviors. But he has showed us the right way to be a successful man. We respect him and follow his footsteps. Really, he’s helping turn us from boys to men.”
This is influencing the general attitude for these students not only in the school, but also in the wider community, too.
“A lot of the things we do might seem like small things, but they add up to big things. There are things we do that set us apart from other programs. It’s just a lot of simple disciplines. That’s what is lacking in a lot of our young people.” pointed out Green.
While the team continues to impress, it’s important to pay attention to how these small steps can inspire others. We can strengthen in our own children the importance of behaving properly.
4. Why did Donta Green try to change his players’ behaviors
A. To improve their entire quality.
B. To achieve their academic success.
C. To better their communicative skills.
D. To focus their mind on physical training.
5. What is the students’ attitude to the extra disciplines in the team
A. Negative. B. Supportive. C. Uncaring. D. Skeptical.
6. What do Green’s words mean in Paragraph 6
A. Some young people lack necessary disciplines.
B. All the students in his school behave very well.
C. Students’ correct daily behaviors are important.
D. A coach should set a good example for the students.
7. What is the text mainly about
A. A player is changing from a boy to a sport star.
B. A coach has brought his school team to victory.
C. A coach is teaching players valuable life lessons.
D. A football team has won the heart of community.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述一名教练提高队员们的综合素质，比赛取得胜利，也给了队员宝贵的人生经验的故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Being a high school coach provides wonderful opportunities not only to seek great skill from students in sports, but also to implant(灌输)in them some valuable life lessons. (作为一名高中教练，不仅提供了绝佳的机会从学生身上寻找伟大的体育技能，而且还向他们灌输了一些宝贵的人生经验。)和第三句“Although part of this is the result of physical fitness and practice, an improved general attitude has also played a key role in the team’s success. (虽然这部分归功于身体素质和训练，但整体态度的提高也在球队的成功中发挥了关键作用)可知，Green教练改变球员们的行为，是为了教他们树立正确的人生价值观并提高他们的整体品质。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“But he has showed us the right way to be a successful man. (但他向我们展示了成为成功人士的正确方法。)”和最后一句“Really, he’s helping turn us from boys to men. (真的，他正在帮助我们从男孩变成男人。)”可知，学生们受益于教练的额外纪律，因此他们对此是支持的。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段的“It’s just a lot of simple disciplines. That’s what is lacking in a lot of our young people.”It's just a lot of simple disciplines.. (它只是很多简单的规范。这正是我们很多年轻人所缺乏的。)可知，学生正确的日常行为很重要。故选C项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Being a high school coach provides wonderful opportunities not only to seek great skill from students in sports, but also to implant(灌输)in them some valuable life lessons.(作为一名高中教练，不仅提供了绝佳的机会从学生身上寻找伟大的体育技能，而且还向他们灌输了一些宝贵的人生经验。)以及全文内容可知，本文主要讲了Green教练向他的球员灌输重要的人生经验。故选C项。
C
Vehicles on our roads are now mostly petrol and diesel(柴油)cars, but their days cannot continue for much longer. A recent university study found that current electric cars could be used for 87 percent of daily car journeys in the US. That figure could rise to 98 percent by 2020.
One hurdle to the widespread adoption of electric cars has been “range anxiety”—drivers’ concerns about running out of electricity on a journey. While petrol stations are conveniently located across national road systems, the necessary network of electric charging stations is still being developed. That said, charging points are becoming increasingly common throughout the USA.
Attitudes towards electric vehicles have changed greatly over the last few years. Not that long ago, electric cars were met with distrust, and their high prices drove customers away. Thanks to improvements in battery capacity, recharging times, performance and price, the current generation of electric cars are starting to persuade picky consumers. Plug-in cars will soon give internal combustion engine(内燃机)models a run for their money.
As well as development on the road, electric vehicles are taking to the seas and skies. Electric boats are among the oldest methods of electric travel, having enjoyed several decades of popularity from the late 19th to the early 20th century before petrol-powered outboard motors took over. Now, the global drive for renewable energy sources is bringing electric boats back. Steps towards electric air travel are also being made, with Airbus and NASA among the organizations developing and testing battery-powered planes. The experiments could soon make commercial(商业的)electric flight a reality.
Electric vehicles do not produce any emissions(排放). If the US could replace 87 percent of its cars with electric vehicles, it would reduce the national demand for petrol by 61 percent. However, because of the production processes and the generation of electricity required to charge these vehicles, they cannot claim(声称)to be completely emission-free. That said, as many countries continue to increase their use of renewable energy sources, electric vehicles will become even cleaner.
8. The underlined word “hurdle” in Paragraph 2 probably means __________.
A. aim B. difficulty C. result D. step
9. Why did many people refuse to buy the electric cars in the past
A. They were very poorly made. B. They were not widely promoted.
C They were expensive. D. They couldn’t travel at a high speed.
10. What is the function of Paragraph 4
A. To introduce the history of electric travel.
B. To explain why the world needs more electric cars.
C. To show why more people have interest in electric cars.
D. To describe different ways electric vehicles can be used.
11. Which is the best title for this passage
A. Driving into a Cleaner Future B. History of Electric Cars
C. Problems with Petrol and Diesel Cars D. Best Means of Transportation
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汽油和柴油汽车虽然仍然主宰着我们的道路，但很快会被电动车辆所替代。电动汽车不产生任何排放物，随着在陆路方面的进步，电动汽车正朝着海洋和天空方向发展，而未来的车辆一定是电动时代。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“One hurdle to the widespread adoption of electric cars has been “range anxiety”—drivers’ concerns about running out of juice on a journey. (电动汽车被广泛采用的一个hurdle是“里程焦虑”——驾驶者担心在旅途中电量耗尽)”可知，“驾驶员担心在旅途中耗尽电能”是电动汽车的缺点，这是电动汽车普及的一个“障碍，难关”。由此可知，hurdle与difficulty意思一致。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Not that long ago, electric cars met with distrust, and their high prices drove customers away. (不久前，电动汽车遭遇了不信任，高昂的价格让消费者望而却步)”可知，过去很多人拒绝购买电动汽车是因为人们认为电动车太贵了不值得买。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“As well as development on the road, electric vehicles are taking to the seas and skies. Electric boats are among the oldest methods of electric travel, having enjoyed several decades of popularity from the late 19th to the early 20th century before petrol-powered outboard motors took over. Now, the global drive for renewable energy sources is bringing electric boats back. Steps towards electric air travel are also being made, with Airbus and NASA among the organizations developing and testing battery-powered planes. (除了在道路上的进步，电动汽车也正在走向海洋和天空。电动船是最古老的电动交通工具之一，从19世纪末到20世纪初，在汽油动力的舷外发动机接管之前，电动船已经流行了几十年。现在，全球对可再生能源的推动正在使电动船回归。电动飞机的发展也在取得进展，空客和美国国家航空航天局都在开发和测试电池驱动的飞机)”可知，电动交通工具以不同的方式出现在陆路，海上及空中。由此推知，第四段的作用是描述电动交通工具的不同的用途。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Vehicles on our roads are now mostly petrol and diesel(柴油)cars, but their days cannot continue for much longer. A recent university study found that current electric cars could be used for 87 percent of daily car journeys in the US. That figure could rise to 98 percent by 2020. (汽油和柴油车可能仍然主宰着我们的道路，但它们的日子屈指可数了。一项最近的大学研究发现，目前美国87%的日常汽车出行可以使用电动汽车。到2020年，这一数字可能上升到98%。)”和第四段中的“As well as development on the road, electric vehicles are taking to the seas and skies.(除了在公路上的发展，电动汽车正在走向海洋和天空。)”和其它内容可知，汽油和柴油交通工具可能仍然主宰着我们的道路，但很快会被电动交通工具所替代，而未来的交通工具一定是更清洁的电动时代。由此可知，A项“驶入更清洁的未来”适合作本文最佳标题。故选A。
D
Have you ever had the strong wish to open a book and stick your nose straight into the pages The smell of old books can refresh any book lovers. We don’t know why, but it is just pleasant to us.
Describing the smell can be a challenge. And mere adjectives will likely be of little use to future generations of historians trying to record, understand or reproduce the scent(气味)of slowly destroyed books. Now, that task may have just become easier thanks to the Historic Book Odor Wheel(气味轮).
In one experiment, researchers asked visitors at the historic library to describe the scents they smelled. All the visitors selected words like “woody”, “smoky” and “earthy” from the list, and described the smell’s intensity(浓度)and pleasantness. In another experiment, the study authors presented visitors to the Birmingham Museum with eight smells—one of which was an unlabeled(未贴标签的)historic book scent and seven were non-bookish, such as coffee, chocolate, fish market and dirty clothes. The researchers then had those museumgoers describe the historic book smell. The top two responses Chocolate and coffee. “You tend to use familiar associations to describe smells when they are unlabeled,” study author Cecilia Bembibre says.
The team even analysed the volatile organic compounds(VOCs)(挥发性有机化合物)in the book and the library. Using the data from the chemical analysis and visitors’ smell descriptions, the researchers created the Historic Book Odor Wheel to record the “historic library smell”. Main categories, such as “sweet/spicy”, fill the inner(内侧的)circle of the wheel; descriptors, such as “chocolate/cream”, fill the middle; and the chemical compounds likely to be the source with bad smells, like furfural, fill the outer circle. The researchers want the book odor wheel to be a tool that “untrained noses” can use to recognize smells and the compounds causing them, which could deal with historic book protectors’ concerns about material composition and historic paper protection. And hopefully, smells of the past can be reproduced in the lab someday and museums and historians can use it to rebuild a past we can no longer smell.
12. What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A. To introduce the main topic. B. To describe different book smells.
C. To show the author’s attitude. D. To encourage people to read books.
13. People usually describe unlabeled smells by __________.
A. using adjectives B. linking them with food smells
C. analyzing chemical components D. connecting them with familiar things
14. What is the function of the “Historic Book Odor Wheel”
A. To test different smells. B. To store book smells.
C. To describe smells. D. To collect history books.
15. What might the study be used for in the future
A. Creating a whole new smell.
B. Improving people’s sense of smell.
C. Getting rid of bad smells of old books.
D. Reproducing smell of historic books.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种用于记录旧书气味的“气味轮”的诞生。研究人员通过在博物馆和图书馆组织游客进行气味感官描述，并开展化学分析，创建了历史书籍气味轮来记录“历史图书馆的气味”。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Have you ever had the strong wish to open a book and stick your nose straight into the pages The smell of old books can refresh any book lovers. We don’t know why, but it is just pleasant to us. (你是否曾经有强烈的愿望想打开一本书，把鼻子直接贴在书页上？旧书的味道能使任何书迷精神焕发。我们不知道为什么，但它只是让我们愉快。)”可知，第一段主要描述了我们对书籍气味的迷恋。结合第二段的“Now, that task may have just become easier thanks to the Historic Book Odor Wheel(气味轮).(现在，多亏了历史书籍“气味轮”，这项任务可能变得更容易了。)”可推断，第一段描述我们对书籍的迷恋是为了引出文章的主题——“气味轮”的出现。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的““You tend to use familiar associations to describe smells when they are unlabeled,” study author Cecilia Bembibre says.(“当气味没有被打上标签时，你常常使用熟悉的联想来描述它们，”研究作者Cecilia Bembibre说。) ”及第三段全段对于实验过程的描述可知，人们在描述未知气味时，倾向于使用熟悉的事物来展开联想。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Using the data from the chemical analysis and visitors’ smell descriptions, the researchers created the Historic Book Odor Wheel to record the “historic library smell”. Main categories, such as “sweet/spicy”, fill the inner(内侧的) circle of the wheel; descriptors, such as “chocolate/cream”, fill the middle; and the chemical compounds likely to be the smelly source, like furfural, fill the outer circle. The researchers want the book odor wheel to be a tool that “untrained noses” can use to recognize smells and the compounds causing them, which could deal with historic book protectors’ concerns about material composition and historic paper conservation. And hopefully, smells of the past can be reproduced in the lab someday and museums and historians can use it to rebuild a past we can no longer smell. (利用化学分析数据和游客的气味描述，研究人员创造了“历史图书气味轮”来记录“历史图书馆的气味”。主要类别，如“甜/辣”，填充车轮的内圆；描述词，如“巧克力/奶油”，填在中间；而可能是臭味来源的化合物，如糠醛，填满了外圈。) ”可知，使用“历史书籍气味轮”的目的是描述气味。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The researchers want the book odor wheel to be a tool that “untrained noses” can use to recognize smells and the compounds causing them, which could deal with historic book protectors’ concerns about material composition and historic paper protection. And hopefully, smells of the past can be reproduced in the lab someday and museums and historians can use it to rebuild a past we can no longer smell. (研究人员希望书中的气味轮能成为一种工具，“未经训练的鼻子”可以用来识别气味和导致气味的化合物，这可以解决文物保护人员对材料组成和历史纸张保护的担忧。希望有一天，过去的气味可以在实验室里重现，博物馆和历史学家可以用它来重建我们再也闻不到的过去)”可推知，研究者们未来有望利用气味轮来保护历史材料文献、重现历史书籍的气味。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Educate Yourself
Despite fears of automation （自动化）destroying jobs, history shows that new technology often ends up creating new jobs and opportunities. If you want to take advantage of these new jobs, you’ll need to be able to teach yourself new things. ____16____. But the following process should get you off to a very good start.
Discover what you want to learn.
The obvious first step is to pick a skill or subject. You probably have an unclear idea in mind already, but you are encouraged to make it more specific. Let’s take learning piano as an example. ____17____ To play a few of your favorite songs To play in a band with your friends To become the next Carnegie Hall pianist You can better record and study your learning progress by doing so.
Determine how you learn best.
You can start finding materials once a learning goal is set. ____18____, you should do some self-reflection（反思）and determine your learning style. However, it’s not as simple as you thought. In reality, you probably learn well in multiple ways, and the best approach will also depend on the topic.
Start with the right learning resources.
If you’re totally new to a subject, you are recommended to read some existing learning resources to get started. Focus on resources that are designed for beginners. This way, you don’t develop bad habits. ____19____.
Practice attentively.
When you practice attentively, you set a specific intention for your practice period and focus on only that. You’re also honest about your present performance, constantly asking how you can improve. ____20____. You could play the guitar absently for 10,000 hours but still be no closer to a great guitarist. It requires attentive, focused practice.
A. Do you like playing the piano
B. What exactly do you want to learn
C. It takes frequent practice to make perfect
D. Before you begin specific books or courses
E. Putting in the hours is necessary but not enough
F. It’s difficult to give exact steps for self-education
G. And choose whatever learning resources work best for your style
【答案】16. F 17. B 18. D 19. G 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何自学一个新技能。
16题详解】
根据前句“If you want to take advantage of these new jobs, you’ll need to be able to teach yourself new things.”（如果你想利用这些新工作，你需要能够自学新东西。）和后句“But the following process should get you off to a very good start”（但是下面的过程会让你有一个很好的开始。），F选项的“It’s difficult to give exact steps for self-education”（很难给出自我教育的确切步骤），承上启下，说明给出自我教育的步骤是困难的。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Identify What You Want to Learn”（确定你想学什么）可知，本段的主题是确定自己具体想学习的内容。根据后文三个问题“To play a few of your favorite songs To play in a band with your friends To become the next Carnegie Hall soloist？”（弹奏几首你最喜欢的歌 和你的朋友在乐队里演奏 成为卡内基音乐厅的下一位独奏家 ）可知，你要明确你具体要学习的是什么，B选项的“What exactly do you want to learn”（你到底想学什么），符合语境，引出后文问题，与前后文逻辑一致，故选B。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Determine how you learn best.”（确定你如何学习得最好。）可知，本段主要如何学得最好，以及后句“you should do some self-reflection and determine your learning style.”（你应该做一些自我反思并决定你的学习风格。）可知，此处指的是事前反思，D选项的“Before you begin specific books or courses”（在你开始特定的书籍或课程之前），先反思再开始，与前后文语义逻辑一致，故选D。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Start With the Right Learning Resources”（从正确的学习资源开始）可知，本段主要强调正确的学习资源，以及前句“Focus on resources that make few assumptions and are designed for absolute beginners. This way, you don’t miss fundamentals or develop bad habits.”（关注那些假设较少、专为绝对初学者设计的资源。这样，你就不会错过基本原则或养成坏习惯。）可知，此处说明应该如何选择学习资源，G选项的“And choose whatever learning resources work best for your style”（选择最适合你风格的学习资源），与前句语义逻辑一致，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据后文“You could play the guitar absently for 10,000 hours but still be no closer to playing like Pat Metheney, a great guitarist. It requires attentive, focused practice.”（你可以心不在焉地弹吉他一万个小时，但仍然无法像伟大的吉他手帕特·梅塞尼那样演奏。这需要专心、专注的练习。）可知，此处指的是不仅需要花时间，而且要投入，E选项的“Putting in the hours is necessary but not enough”（投入时间是必要的，但还不够。），与后文在语义逻辑上一致，故选E。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入的空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
When Ariel rode her bike to Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge(保护区)in Queens, New York, last November, she planned to go hiking and bird-watching. Bingo! A mile into her walk, she ____21____ a gorgeous female mute swan near the water’s edge. Ariel, 30, who had worked at the Wild Bird Fund rehabilitation(康复)center in Manhattan, knew that mute swans can be ____22____. But it didn’t move as she ____23____ this one.
She was certain that the bird needed ____24____ attention. Then Ariel ____25____ her jacket over the bird’s head to keep it calm, ____26____ picked it up, and cradled it in her arms. And then an idea ____27____ her: What do I do now
Her best choice was the rehabilitation center. ____28____, that was across the East River and on the other side of town. How was she going to ____29____ a 17-pound swan on her bike all that way Luckily, some strangers driving by offered her, her bike, and the swan a _____30_____ to a nearby subway station. And no one seemed particularly _____31_____ by the feathered passenger on the subway. One guy, says Ariel, was “sitting right in front of me on his phone. I don’t know if he noticed there was a swan in front of him.”
Ariel _____32_____ the rehabilitation center, and Higginbotham, an animal-care manager, _____33_____ her up at the subway station and drove bird, bike, and _____34_____ to the center. There, staff members _____35_____ that the swan might have lead(铅)poisoning, caused by swallowing weights used on fishing lines.
The staff did all they could to help her. _____36_____, even with all the thoughtful care, the swan caught a serious disease due to bacterial infection. Two months after Ariel came to her rescue, she _____37_____.
It’s a(n)_____38_____ ending, but the real story is just _____39_____ some people are willing to go to save a swan in the big city. In all, Ariel traveled two hours by foot, car, and subway while dragging her bike. “That’s the perfect _____40_____ of who she is,” says Higginbotham.
21. A. seized B. accompanied C. spotted D. appreciated
22. A. aggressive B. brave C. gentle D. beautiful
23. A. checked B. hugged C. caught D. approached
24. A. patient B. media C. public D. medical
25. A. hung B. covered C. pulled D. held
26. A. cautiously B. quickly C. immediately D. casually
27. A. inspired B. struck C. interested D. stopped
28. A. However B. Otherwise C. Meanwhile D. Therefore
29. A. seat B. support C. transport D. comfort
30. A. car B. map C. boat D. lift
31. A. disturbed B. embarrassed C. amused D. upset
32. A. discovered B. reached C. visited D. called
33. A. looked B. picked C. brought D. cheered
34. A. guy B. passenger C. rescuer D. strangers
35. A. confirmed B. imagined C. determined D. declared
36. A. Hopefully B. Sadly C. Eventually D. Strangely
37. A. got better B. passed away C. flew away D. returned home
38. A. disappointing B. comforting C. heart-warming D. inspiring
39. A. how often B. how long C. how far D. how soon
40. A. condition B. process C. expectation D. summary
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. C 36. B 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公阿里尔在路边偶然发现了一只受伤的天鹅，于是她努力地去拯救天鹅的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：走了一英里，她在水边发现了一只雌天鹅。A. seized抓住；B. accompanied陪同；C. spotted发现；D. appreciated感激；欣赏。根据下文“ knew that mute swans can be 2 . But as she approached this one, it didn’t move.”可知，她是发现了天鹅。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：30岁的阿里尔曾在曼哈顿的野鸟基金会康复中心工作，知道疣鼻天鹅可能很有攻击性。A. aggressive富于攻击性的；B. brave勇敢的；C. gentle温和的；D. beautiful漂亮的。根据她曾是救援中心工作人员及下文“But it didn’t move as she ____3____ this one.”所体现的转折关系可知，她知道天鹅是具有攻击性的，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当她接近这只时，它没有动。A. checked检查；B. hugged拥抱；C. caught抓住；D. approached靠近。根据下句“She was certain that the bird needed ____4____ attention.”可知她确信这只鸟需要医疗护理。说明她靠近了这只天鹅。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她确信这只鸟需要医疗照顾。A. patient耐心的；B. media媒体；C. public公共的；D. medical医学的。根据上文提到天鹅具有攻击性，却没有动，以及下文“There, staff members ____15____ that the swan might have lead(铅)poisoning”可知，这只天鹅中毒了，需要医疗照顾，故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后爱丽儿把外套盖在小鸟的头上，让它保持冷静，然后小心翼翼地把它抱起来，把它抱在怀里。A. hung悬挂；B. covered覆盖；C. pulled拉；D. held举起。根据空后“her jacket over the bird’ s head to keep it calm, 6 picked it up，and cradled it in her arms.”可知，然后Ariel把她的夹克盖在小鸟的头上，让它保持冷静，小心翼翼地把它捡起来，抱在怀里。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后爱丽儿把外套盖在小鸟的头上，让它保持冷静，然后小心翼翼地把它抱起来，把它抱在怀里。A. cautiously小心地；B. quickly快速地；C. immediately立即；D. casually随意地。根据前文“She was certain that the bird needed 3 attention.”可知，这只天鹅需要医疗照顾可知它生病了，所以应“小心翼翼”把它捡起，故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时她突然想到:我现在该怎么办 A. inspired鼓舞；B. struck突然想到；C. interested使感兴趣；D. stopped停止。结合下文“How was she going to 9 a 17-pound swan on her bike all that way ”可推知，作者当时在想“要怎么办”，这个想法“突然地”出现在她脑海，sth. struck sb.表示“某人突然想到某事”，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她最好的选择是康复中心。然而，它在东河对岸，在城镇的另一边。A. However然而；B. Otherwise否则；C. Meanwhile同时；D. Therefore因此。根据上句“Her best choice was the rehabilitation center (她最好的选择是康复中心)”和下句“that was across the East River and on the other side of town (在东河对面，在城镇的另一边)可知前后句是转折关系。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她怎么用自行车把一只17磅重的天鹅运输到目的地 A. seat容纳；B. support支持；C. transport运输；D. comfort安慰。根据后文“Luckily, some strangers driving by offered her, her bike, and the swan a 10 to a nearby subway station.”可知，开车经过的陌生人把她带到地铁站，所以此处是运输天鹅这么远。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，一些开车经过的陌生人让她、她的自行车和天鹅搭便车去附近的地铁站。A. car汽车；B. map地图；C. boat船；D. lift搭便车。根据前文“How was she going to 9 a 17-pound swan on her bike all that way ”可知，爱丽儿在想怎么运输天鹅，再根据Luckily，可知陌生人帮助了她，所以此处是固定搭配offer sb. a lift表示“给某人搭便车”。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在地铁上，似乎没有人对这位长着羽毛的乘客感到特别惊慌。A. disturbed被扰乱的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. amused愉快的；D. upset不安的。根据后文“One guy, says Ariel, was “sitting right in front of me on his phone. I don’t know if he noticed there was a swan in front of him.”(爱丽儿说，有一个人“正坐在我面前玩手机。我不知道他是否注意到他前面有一只天鹅。”)”可知，一个人坐在她面前玩手机，所以乘客并没有因为天鹅而惊慌。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：阿里尔打电话给康复中心的动物护理经理希金博特姆，让他到地铁站接她，然后开车把鸟、自行车和救援人员送到康复中心。A. discovered发现；B. reached到达；C. visited参观；D. called打电话。 根据下句“and Higginbotham, an animal-care manager， 13 her up at the subway station and drove bird, bike, and 14 to the center.”可知动物护理经理Higginbotham在地铁站接了她，开车带着天鹅、自行车和救援人员去了康复中心。说明Ariel给康复中心打了电话，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. looked看；B. picked挑选；C. brought带来；D. cheered欢呼。根据下文“drove bird, bike, and ____14____ to the center.”可知，动物护理经理Higginbotham在地铁站接了她，开车带着bird、自行车和救援人员去了康复中心。pick up“接某人”。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：阿里尔打电话给康复中心的动物护理经理大卫，让他到地铁站接她，然后开车把鸟、自行车和救援人员送到康复中心。A. guy家伙；B. passenger乘客；C. rescuer救援人员；D. stranger陌生人。根据前文“Luckily, some strangers driving by offered her, her bike, and the swan a ____10____ to a nearby subway station.”可知，让他到地铁站接她，然后开车把鸟、自行车和作者送到康复中心，作者是救援天鹅的人员。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，工作人员确定这只天鹅可能有铅中毒，这是由于吞食了鱼线上的重物引起的。A. confirmed确认；B. imagined想象；C. determined确定；D. declared宣布。根据下句“that the swan might have lead (铅) poisoning, caused by swallowing weights used on fishing lines.”可知工作人员确定这只天鹅可能铅中毒了，是因为吞咽了钓鱼线上的重物。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，即使经过精心照料，天鹅还是因为细菌感染而得了重病。A. Hopefully有希望地；B. Sadly伤心地；C. Eventually最后；D. Strangely奇怪地。根据下句“even with all the thoughtful care, the swan caught a serious disease due to bacterial infection”可知尽管得到了精心的照料，这只天鹅还是因细菌感染而染上了严重的疾病。这是令人非常伤心的。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在爱丽儿救她两个月后，她去世了。A. got better变得更好；B. passed away去世；C. flew away飞走；D. returned home回家。根据前文“even with all the thoughtful care, the swan caught a serious disease due to bacterial infection.”可知，天鹅的情况很不好，推知，处此处应是两个月后，天鹅去世了。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个令人失望的结局，但真实的故事是，在大城市里，一些人为了拯救一只天鹅，愿意走多远。A. disappointing令人失望的；B. comforting安慰的；C. heart-warming暖心的；D. inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据前文“Two months after Ariel came to her rescue, she 17 .”可知，天鹅最后去世了，所以是令人失望的结局。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查副词短语辨析。句意：这是一个令人失望的结局，但真实的故事是，在大城市里，一些人为了拯救一只天鹅，愿意走多远。A. how often多长时间一次；B. how long多长时间；C. how far多远；D. how soon多快。根据后文“In all, Ariel traveled two hours by foot, car, and subway while dragging her bike.”可知，此处是在讲距离，所以应该用how far。故选C项。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大卫说:“这是对她的完美概况。”A. condition条件；B. process过程；C. expectation预料；D. summary总结；概况。根据前文“In all, Ariel traveled two hours by foot, car, and subway while dragging her bike.”可知，爱丽儿不辞辛苦的步行、开车、乘地铁，同时拖着她的自行车，走了两个小时，只为救这只天鹅，所以上述的行程是对她的完美概括。故选D项。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Stress used to be an almost unknown word, but now we have got used to ____41____(talk)about it.
In recent years, stress has been regarded as a cause of many kinds of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness. But like so many other things, it is only too much stress ____42____ does you harm. If you are stuck at home with no stress, then there is slight chance that you will make much ____43____(achieve). In some degree, the more stress you are under, the ____44____(good)your performance will be.
Beyond a certain point, though, further stress will only lead to exhaustion, illness and finally a breakdown. You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself ____45____ number of questions. Do you, for example, feel that too much is being expected of you, and yet find it impossible ____46____(say)no Do you find yourself getting impatient or ____47____(annoy)with people over unimportant things If the answer to all those questions ____48____(be)yes, it’s best to control your stress, because you probably are under more stress than is good for you.
You can partly control the amount of stress in your life. Doctors have worked out a chart showing how much stress is involved in various ____49____(activity). Getting married is 50, pregnancy 40, moving house 20, Christmas 12, etc. _____50_____ the total stress in your life is over 150, you are twice as likely to get ill.
【答案】41. talking
42. that 43. achievement
44. better 45. a
46. to say 47. annoyed
48. is 49. activities
50. If
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了压力的好处和坏处，并对如何应对压力提出了方法和建议。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：压力曾经是一个几乎不为人知的词，但现在我们已经习惯了谈论它。be used to doing sth.“习惯做某事”，用动名词作宾语，故填talking。
42题详解】
考查强调句型。句意：但是就像很多其他事情一样，只是压力太大对你有害。强调句型的基本结构为：It is/was + 被强调成分 + that/who + 其它成分，其最大的特点是去掉It is/was 和 that/who，句子仍然成立。分析句子可知，本句是强调句型，强调的是句子的主语only too much stress。故填that。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：如果你呆在家里没有压力，那么，你取得很大成就的可能性就很小了。分析句子可知，much修饰不可数名词，作动词make的宾语，故填achievement。
【44题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：在某种程度上，你承受的压力越大，你的表现就会越好。“the+ 比较级， the+比较级”意为“越……就越……”。所以本空使用 good 的比较级形式 better 。故填better 。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：你可以通过问自己几个问题来判断自己何时处于最佳状态，何时处于低谷。a number of “许多，大量”，该短语通常作定语修饰可数名词复数形式，本句中使用a number of 修饰可数名词复数形式questions。故填a。
【46题详解】
考查不定式。句意：例如，你是否觉得别人对你的期望太高，而你却不可能说“不” 分析句子可知，find后的it作形式宾语，真正的宾语用不定式，故填to say。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：你是否发现自己在无关紧要的事情上变得不耐烦或烦恼 annoyed“恼怒的”，该词是由过去分词转换而来的形容词，通常修饰人，表示人的感受。本句中该词和impatient 构成并列关系一起和系动词get构成系表结构，用形容词作表语。故填annoyed。
【48题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：如果所有这些问题的答案都是肯定的，那么你最好控制你的压力，因为你可能承受的压力比对你有利的压力更大。分析句子可知，be动词作谓语，文章主时态是一般现在时，主语the answer是单数，谓语动词用单数，故填is。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：医生们制作了一个图表，显示不同活动中所涉及到的压力。activity“活动”是可数名词，由various修饰用复数，故填activities。
【50题详解】
考查连词。句意：如果你生活中的总压力超过150，你生病的可能性就会增加一倍。根据句意并分析句子可知，空处填连词引导条件状语从句，故填If。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Honesty, considering as a good quality, is of vital importance. Honest people won respect while a liar is looked down upon because dishonesty leads to distrust and even ruin one’s reputation. So how to be the honest student Firstly, you’d better not to copy homework or cheat in the exam. Beside, keep your promise and try to do things well. More importantly, tell the truth instead lies. Only in this way can you make lots of progresses in your studies and make more friends. If you’re honest with other, you’ll be treated the same way. There is no doubt whether an honest student will have a bright future.
【答案】1. considering→ considered
2. won→ win
3. ruin→ ruins
4. the→ an
5. 删除to
6. Beside→ Besides
7. 在lies前加of
8. progresses→ progress
9. other→ others
10. whether→ that
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了诚实的重要性。
【详解】1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：诚实被认为是一种良好的品质，是至关重要的。句子主语Honesty与动词consider之间存在被动关系，应用过去分词，故将considering改为considered。
2.考查时态。句意：诚实的人赢得尊重，而骗子却被看不起，因为不诚实会导致不信任，甚至毁掉自己的声誉。此处表示一种普遍现象和客观真理，应使用一般现在时，故将won改为win。
3.考查主谓一致。句意：诚实的人赢得尊重，而骗子却被看不起，因为不诚实会导致不信任，甚至毁掉自己的声誉。此处and连接两个并列谓语，原因状语从句主语为不可数名词，连接的第二个谓语也应使用第三人称单数，故将ruin改为ruins。
4.考查冠词。句意：那么，如何做一个诚实的学生呢？此处为泛指“一个诚实的学生”，应使用不定冠词，且honest是以元音音素开头的词，应用an，故将the改为an。
5.考查情态动词。句意：首先，你最好不要在考试中抄作业或作弊。此处had better整体视为情态动词，后跟动词原形，had better not do sth意为“最好不要做某事”，故删除to。
6.考查副词。句意：此外，要信守诺言，努力把事情做好。副词besides意为“此外，而且”，故将Beside改为Besides。
7.考查介词。句意：更重要的是，说实话而不是谎言。短语instead of整体意为“代替，而不是”，后接名词或名词短语，故在lies前加of。
8. 考查不可数名词。句意：只有这样，你才能在学习上取得很大的进步，结交更多的朋友。名词progress为不可数名词，没有复数形式，故将progresses改为progress。
9. 考查代词。句意：如果你对别人诚实，你也会受到同样的对待。此处“别人”为复数含义，应使用其复数形式，故将other改为others。
10.考查连接词。句意：毫无疑问，一个诚实的学生会有光明的未来。此处的同位语同句为肯定含义，且语义完整，使用不含意义的连接词that，故将whether改为that。
第二节 写作（满分25分）
52. 假定你是攀枝花中学高二学生李华。你和同学把一则故事改编成了一个英语短剧，准备参加学校举办的英语戏剧比赛。请你给外教Miss Evans写封邮件，请她帮忙指导。邮件内容包括：
1.剧情简介；
2.寻求外教的帮助；
3.商定时间地点；
4.表示感谢。
注意：
1.词数100左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：改编——adapt vt. 戏剧——drama
Dear Miss Evans,
I’m writing to ask you to do me a favor.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Miss Evans,
I’m writing to ask you to do me a favor. We’d like to adapt the classic novel The Steamboat for a short English play. The play is set on a big storm after midnight. We saved a scared boy. So would you please spare some time to review the draft script attached to this email and make necessary changes
If it is convenient, may I pay you a visit at your office next Tuesday to give you more details Given your busy schedule, I’d be very appreciative if you offer to give some professional advice.
Look forward to your early reply.
Best regards!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是攀枝花中学高二学生李华。你和同学把一则故事改编成了一个英语短剧，准备参加学校举办的英语戏剧比赛。请你给外教Miss Evans写封邮件，请她帮忙指导。
【详解】1.词汇积累
挽救：save→rescue
拜访：pay sb a visit→visit
感激的：appreciative→grateful
建议：advice→suggestion
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：The play is set on a big storm after midnight. We saved a scared boy.
拓展句：The play is set on a big storm after midnight when we saved a scared boy.
【点睛】【高分句型1】So would you please spare some time to review the draft script attached to this email and make necessary changes （运用了不定式作目的状语和过去分词作定语）
【高分句型2】
Given your busy schedule, I’d be very appreciative if you offer to give some professional advice.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
英语试题卷
本试题卷共10页。考生作答时，须将答案答在答题卡上，在本试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答题前，务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。并用2B铅笔将答题卡考号对应数字标号涂黑。
2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
3.答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔在答题卡上题目所指示的答题区域内作答。答在试题卷上无效。
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Ticket Information
Due to extremely high demand, tickets for the three traditional end-of-year concerts of the Vienna Philharmonic are drawn(抽签)on the Vienna Philharmonic website. In this way, people worldwide have an equal chance to purchase these highly desired tickets.
Application Period: February 1-28, 2023
During this period, interested persons can apply on this website for tickets to the Preview Performance, the New Year’s Eve Concert, and the New Year’s Concert. The first step toward making an application for tickets is to register for the drawing. The registration is separate from your user account for the Webshop and is specifically for the drawing. Users can enter their ticket preferences for the upcoming concerts during the application period.
Price Categories
The number of tickets for the New Year’s Concert is limited to two, and the number of tickets for the Preview Performance and New Year’s Eve Concert can be up to four. The ticket prices range between 35? and 1200 ? for the New Year’s Concert, 25 ? and 860 ? for the New Year’s Eve Concert, and between 20? and 495 ? for the Preview Performance. If you wish to change your application, you may only do so during the application period. In March, you will know the results of the drawing.
When Should I Apply
Within the one-month application period, the actual time of application is irrelevant. An application made on February 1 has the same chances as an application made on February 28. The only way to obtain tickets for these concerts is by taking part in the online drawing! Requests submitted through the postal system, by e-mail or by any other means will not be considered!
For more information, please click here.
1. How much should you pay at least for two tickets for the New Year’s Concert
A. 35?. B. 40?. C. 50?. D. 70?.
2. How do you get tickets for these concerts
A. By applying on the website.
B. By posting requests through the postal system.
C. By making the application as early as possible.
D. By sending email to the Vienna Philharmonic website.
3. Where does this text probably come from
A. A newspaper. B. A webpage.
C. A music magazine. D. A tourist brochure.
B
Being a high school coach provides wonderful opportunities not only to seek great skill from students in sports, but also to implant(灌输)in them some valuable life lessons. Donta Green, a hardworking coach at Westinghouse High School in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania has brought his school team to victory. Although part of this is the result of physical fitness and practice, an improved general attitude has also played a key role in the team’s success.
One way Green has changed his players’ behaviors is a strict no-bad-words rule. This applies to(适用于)players and coaches alike. If anyone uses bad language then they can expect to start doing push-ups. In another way, the coach is also addressing the way the high school students dress. No students are to be seen wearing trousers hanging too low and players should walk the corridors of the school in suit and tie.
This is having a positive effect on the students and their academic success, with the team grade average being 3.2. These changes are really affecting the way the players see themselves. As Keyshawn Morsillo, the team’s star player, pointed out: “He’s changed us. Everyone on the football team used to have some bad behaviors. But he has showed us the right way to be a successful man. We respect him and follow his footsteps. Really, he’s helping turn us from boys to men.”
This is influencing the general attitude for these students not only in the school, but also in the wider community, too.
“A lot of the things we do might seem like small things, but they add up to big things. There are things we do that set us apart from other programs. It’s just a lot of simple disciplines. That’s what is lacking in a lot of our young people.” pointed out Green.
While the team continues to impress, it’s important to pay attention to how these small steps can inspire others. We can strengthen in our own children the importance of behaving properly.
4. Why did Donta Green try to change his players’ behaviors
A. To improve their entire quality.
B. To achieve their academic success.
C. To better their communicative skills.
D. To focus their mind on physical training.
5. What is the students’ attitude to the extra disciplines in the team
A. Negative. B. Supportive. C. Uncaring. D. Skeptical.
6. What do Green’s words mean in Paragraph 6
A. Some young people lack necessary disciplines.
B. All the students in his school behave very well.
C. Students’ correct daily behaviors are important.
D. A coach should set a good example for the students.
7. What is the text mainly about
A. A player is changing from a boy to a sport star.
B. A coach has brought his school team to victory.
C. A coach is teaching players valuable life lessons.
D. A football team has won the heart of community.
C
Vehicles on our roads are now mostly petrol and diesel(柴油)cars, but their days cannot continue for much longer. A recent university study found that current electric cars could be used for 87 percent of daily car journeys in the US. That figure could rise to 98 percent by 2020.
One hurdle to the widespread adoption of electric cars has been “range anxiety”—drivers’ concerns about running out of electricity on a journey. While petrol stations are conveniently located across national road systems, the necessary network of electric charging stations is still being developed. That said, charging points are becoming increasingly common throughout the USA.
Attitudes towards electric vehicles have changed greatly over the last few years. Not that long ago, electric cars were met with distrust, and their high prices drove customers away. Thanks to improvements in battery capacity, recharging times, performance and price, the current generation of electric cars are starting to persuade picky consumers. Plug-in cars will soon give internal combustion engine(内燃机)models a run for their money.
As well as development on the road, electric vehicles are taking to the seas and skies. Electric boats are among the oldest methods of electric travel, having enjoyed several decades of popularity from the late 19th to the early 20th century before petrol-powered outboard motors took over. Now, the global drive for renewable energy sources is bringing electric boats back. Steps towards electric air travel are also being made, with Airbus and NASA among the organizations developing and testing battery-powered planes. The experiments could soon make commercial(商业的)electric flight a reality.
Electric vehicles do not produce any emissions(排放). If the US could replace 87 percent of its cars with electric vehicles, it would reduce the national demand for petrol by 61 percent. However, because of the production processes and the generation of electricity required to charge these vehicles, they cannot claim(声称)to be completely emission-free. That said, as many countries continue to increase their use of renewable energy sources, electric vehicles will become even cleaner.
8. The underlined word “hurdle” in Paragraph 2 probably means __________.
A. aim B. difficulty C. result D. step
9. Why did many people refuse to buy the electric cars in the past
A. They were very poorly made. B. They were not widely promoted.
C. They were expensive. D. They couldn’t travel at a high speed.
10. What is the function of Paragraph 4
A. To introduce the history of electric travel.
B. To explain why the world needs more electric cars.
C. To show why more people have interest in electric cars.
D. To describe different ways electric vehicles can be used.
11. Which is the best title for this passage
A. Driving into a Cleaner Future B. History of Electric Cars
C. Problems with Petrol and Diesel Cars D. Best Means of Transportation
D
Have you ever had the strong wish to open a book and stick your nose straight into the pages The smell of old books can refresh any book lovers. We don’t know why, but it is just pleasant to us.
Describing the smell can be a challenge. And mere adjectives will likely be of little use to future generations of historians trying to record, understand or reproduce the scent(气味)of slowly destroyed books. Now, that task may have just become easier thanks to the Historic Book Odor Wheel(气味轮).
In one experiment, researchers asked visitors at the historic library to describe the scents they smelled. All the visitors selected words like “woody”, “smoky” and “earthy” from the list, and described the smell’s intensity(浓度)and pleasantness. In another experiment, the study authors presented visitors to the Birmingham Museum with eight smells—one of which was an unlabeled(未贴标签的)historic book scent and seven were non-bookish, such as coffee, chocolate, fish market and dirty clothes. The researchers then had those museumgoers describe the historic book smell. The top two responses Chocolate and coffee. “You tend to use familiar associations to describe smells when they are unlabeled,” study author Cecilia Bembibre says.
The team even analysed the volatile organic compounds(VOCs)(挥发性有机化合物)in the book and the library. Using the data from the chemical analysis and visitors’ smell descriptions, the researchers created the Historic Book Odor Wheel to record the “historic library smell”. Main categories, such as “sweet/spicy”, fill the inner(内侧的)circle of the wheel; descriptors, such as “chocolate/cream”, fill the middle; and the chemical compounds likely to be the source with bad smells, like furfural, fill the outer circle. The researchers want the book odor wheel to be a tool that “untrained noses” can use to recognize smells and the compounds causing them, which could deal with historic book protectors’ concerns about material composition and historic paper protection. And hopefully, smells of the past can be reproduced in the lab someday and museums and historians can use it to rebuild a past we can no longer smell.
12. What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A. To introduce the main topic. B. To describe different book smells.
C. To show the author’s attitude. D. To encourage people to read books.
13. People usually describe unlabeled smells by __________.
A. using adjectives B. linking them with food smells
C. analyzing chemical components D. connecting them with familiar things
14. What is the function of the “Historic Book Odor Wheel”
A. To test different smells. B. To store book smells.
C. To describe smells. D. To collect history books.
15. What might the study be used for in the future
A. Creating a whole new smell.
B. Improving people’s sense of smell.
C. Getting rid of bad smells of old books.
D. Reproducing smell of historic books.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Educate Yourself
Despite fears of automation （自动化）destroying jobs, history shows that new technology often ends up creating new jobs and opportunities. If you want to take advantage of these new jobs, you’ll need to be able to teach yourself new things. ____16____. But the following process should get you off to a very good start.
Discover what you want to learn.
The obvious first step is to pick a skill or subject. You probably have an unclear idea in mind already, but you are encouraged to make it more specific. Let’s take learning piano as an example. ____17____ To play a few of your favorite songs To play in a band with your friends To become the next Carnegie Hall pianist You can better record and study your learning progress by doing so.
Determine how you learn best.
You can start finding materials once a learning goal is set. ____18____, you should do some self-reflection（反思）and determine your learning style. However, it’s not as simple as you thought. In reality, you probably learn well in multiple ways, and the best approach will also depend on the topic.
Start with the right learning resources.
If you’re totally new to a subject, you are recommended to read some existing learning resources to get started. Focus on resources that are designed for beginners. This way, you don’t develop bad habits. ____19____.
Practice attentively.
When you practice attentively, you set a specific intention for your practice period and focus on only that. You’re also honest about your present performance, constantly asking how you can improve. ____20____. You could play the guitar absently for 10,000 hours but still be no closer to a great guitarist. It requires attentive, focused practice.
A. Do you like playing the piano
B. What exactly do you want to learn
C. It takes frequent practice to make perfect
D Before you begin specific books or courses
E. Putting in the hours is necessary but not enough
F. It’s difficult to give exact steps for self-education
G. And choose whatever learning resources work best for your style
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入的空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
When Ariel rode her bike to Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge(保护区)in Queens, New York, last November, she planned to go hiking and bird-watching. Bingo! A mile into her walk, she ____21____ a gorgeous female mute swan near the water’s edge. Ariel, 30, who had worked at the Wild Bird Fund rehabilitation(康复)center in Manhattan, knew that mute swans can be ____22____. But it didn’t move as she ____23____ this one.
She was certain that the bird needed ____24____ attention. Then Ariel ____25____ her jacket over the bird’s head to keep it calm, ____26____ picked it up, and cradled it in her arms. And then an idea ____27____ her: What do I do now
Her best choice was the rehabilitation center. ____28____, that was across the East River and on the other side of town. How was she going to ____29____ a 17-pound swan on her bike all that way Luckily, some strangers driving by offered her, her bike, and the swan a _____30_____ to a nearby subway station. And no one seemed particularly _____31_____ by the feathered passenger on the subway. One guy, says Ariel, was “sitting right in front of me on his phone. I don’t know if he noticed there was a swan in front of him.”
Ariel _____32_____ the rehabilitation center, and Higginbotham, an animal-care manager, _____33_____ her up at the subway station and drove bird, bike, and _____34_____ to the center. There, staff members _____35_____ that the swan might have lead(铅)poisoning, caused by swallowing weights used on fishing lines.
The staff did all they could to help her. _____36_____, even with all the thoughtful care, the swan caught a serious disease due to bacterial infection. Two months after Ariel came to her rescue, she _____37_____.
It’s a(n)_____38_____ ending, but the real story is just _____39_____ some people are willing to go to save a swan in the big city. In all, Ariel traveled two hours by foot, car, and subway while dragging her bike. “That’s the perfect _____40_____ of who she is,” says Higginbotham.
21. A. seized B. accompanied C. spotted D. appreciated
22. A. aggressive B. brave C. gentle D. beautiful
23. A. checked B. hugged C. caught D. approached
24. A. patient B. media C. public D. medical
25. A. hung B. covered C. pulled D. held
26. A. cautiously B. quickly C. immediately D. casually
27. A. inspired B. struck C. interested D. stopped
28. A. However B. Otherwise C. Meanwhile D. Therefore
29. A. seat B. support C. transport D. comfort
30. A. car B. map C. boat D. lift
31. A. disturbed B. embarrassed C. amused D. upset
32. A. discovered B. reached C. visited D. called
33. A. looked B. picked C. brought D. cheered
34. A. guy B. passenger C. rescuer D. strangers
35. A. confirmed B. imagined C. determined D. declared
36. A. Hopefully B. Sadly C. Eventually D. Strangely
37. A. got better B. passed away C. flew away D. returned home
38. A. disappointing B. comforting C. heart-warming D. inspiring
39. A. how often B. how long C. how far D. how soon
40. A. condition B. process C. expectation D. summary
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Stress used to be an almost unknown word, but now we have got used to ____41____(talk)about it.
In recent years, stress has been regarded as a cause of many kinds of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness. But like so many other things, it is only too much stress ____42____ does you harm. If you are stuck at home with no stress, then there is slight chance that you will make much ____43____(achieve). In some degree, the more stress you are under, the ____44____(good)your performance will be.
Beyond a certain point, though, further stress will only lead to exhaustion, illness and finally a breakdown. You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself ____45____ number of questions. Do you, for example, feel that too much is being expected of you, and yet find it impossible ____46____(say)no Do you find yourself getting impatient or ____47____(annoy)with people over unimportant things If the answer to all those questions ____48____(be)yes, it’s best to control your stress, because you probably are under more stress than is good for you.
You can partly control the amount of stress in your life. Doctors have worked out a chart showing how much stress is involved in various ____49____(activity). Getting married is 50, pregnancy 40, moving house 20, Christmas 12, etc. _____50_____ the total stress in your life is over 150, you are twice as likely to get ill.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Honesty, considering as a good quality, is of vital importance. Honest people won respect while a liar is looked down upon because dishonesty leads to distrust and even ruin one’s reputation. So how to be the honest student Firstly, you’d better not to copy homework or cheat in the exam. Beside, keep your promise and try to do things well. More importantly, tell the truth instead lies. Only in this way can you make lots of progresses in your studies and make more friends. If you’re honest with other, you’ll be treated the same way. There is no doubt whether an honest student will have a bright future.
第二节 写作（满分25分）
52. 假定你是攀枝花中学高二学生李华。你和同学把一则故事改编成了一个英语短剧，准备参加学校举办英语戏剧比赛。请你给外教Miss Evans写封邮件，请她帮忙指导。邮件内容包括：
1.剧情简介；
2.寻求外教的帮助；
3.商定时间地点；
4.表示感谢
注意：
1.词数100左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：改编——adapt vt. 戏剧——drama
Dear Miss Evans,
I’m writing to ask you to do me a favor.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely
Li Hua
攀枝花市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试
英语试题卷 答案解析
本试题卷共10页。考生作答时，须将答案答在答题卡上，在本试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答题前，务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。并用2B铅笔将答题卡考号对应数字标号涂黑。
2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
3.答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔在答题卡上题目所指示的答题区域内作答。答在试题卷上无效。
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Ticket Information
Due to extremely high demand, tickets for the three traditional end-of-year concerts of the Vienna Philharmonic are drawn(抽签)on the Vienna Philharmonic website. In this way, people worldwide have an equal chance to purchase these highly desired tickets.
Application Period: February 1-28, 2023
During this period, interested persons can apply on this website for tickets to the Preview Performance, the New Year’s Eve Concert, and the New Year’s Concert. The first step toward making an application for tickets is to register for the drawing. The registration is separate from your user account for the Webshop and is specifically for the drawing. Users can enter their ticket preferences for the upcoming concerts during the application period.
Price Categories
The number of tickets for the New Year’s Concert is limited to two, and the number of tickets for the Preview Performance and New Year’s Eve Concert can be up to four. The ticket prices range between 35? and 1200 ? for the New Year’s Concert, 25 ? and 860 ? for the New Year’s Eve Concert, and between 20? and 495 ? for the Preview Performance. If you wish to change your application, you may only do so during the application period. In March, you will know the results of the drawing.
When Should I Apply
Within the one-month application period, the actual time of application is irrelevant. An application made on February 1 has the same chances as an application made on February 28. The only way to obtain tickets for these concerts is by taking part in the online drawing! Requests submitted through the postal system, by e-mail or by any other means will not be considered!
For more information, please click here.
1. How much should you pay at least for two tickets for the New Year’s Concert
A. 35?. B. 40?. C. 50?. D. 70?.
2. How do you get tickets for these concerts
A. By applying on the website.
B. By posting requests through the postal system.
C. By making the application as early as possible.
D. By sending email to the Vienna Philharmonic website.
3. Where does this text probably come from
A. A newspaper. B. A webpage.
C. A music magazine. D. A tourist brochure.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要提供了音乐会的一些售票信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The ticket prices range between 35 ? and 1200 ? for the New Year’s Concert, 25 ? and 860 ? for the New Year’s Eve Concert, and between 20 ? and 495 ? for the Preview Performance.(新年音乐会的票价在35欧元到1200欧元之间，跨年音乐会的票价在25欧元到860欧元之间，预览演出的票价在20欧元到495欧元之间)”可知，两张新年音乐会的票至少要70?。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“During this period, interested persons can apply on this website for tickets to the Preview Performance, the New Year’s Eve Concert, and the New Year’s Concert. (在此期间，有兴趣的人士可在本网站申请预演、跨年音乐会和跨年音乐会的门票。)”可知，你可以通过在网站上申请获得这些音乐会的门票。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一句“For more information, please click here.(更多信息，请点击这里。)”可推断，文章很可能来自网页。故选B。
B
Being a high school coach provides wonderful opportunities not only to seek great skill from students in sports, but also to implant(灌输)in them some valuable life lessons. Donta Green, a hardworking coach at Westinghouse High School in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania has brought his school team to victory. Although part of this is the result of physical fitness and practice, an improved general attitude has also played a key role in the team’s success.
One way Green has changed his players’ behaviors is a strict no-bad-words rule. This applies to(适用于)players and coaches alike. If anyone uses bad language then they can expect to start doing push-ups. In another way, the coach is also addressing the way the high school students dress. No students are to be seen wearing trousers hanging too low and players should walk the corridors of the school in suit and tie.
This is having a positive effect on the students and their academic success, with the team grade average being 3.2. These changes are really affecting the way the players see themselves. As Keyshawn Morsillo, the team’s star player, pointed out: “He’s changed us. Everyone on the football team used to have some bad behaviors. But he has showed us the right way to be a successful man. We respect him and follow his footsteps. Really, he’s helping turn us from boys to men.”
This is influencing the general attitude for these students not only in the school, but also in the wider community, too.
“A lot of the things we do might seem like small things, but they add up to big things. There are things we do that set us apart from other programs. It’s just a lot of simple disciplines. That’s what is lacking in a lot of our young people.” pointed out Green.
While the team continues to impress, it’s important to pay attention to how these small steps can inspire others. We can strengthen in our own children the importance of behaving properly.
4. Why did Donta Green try to change his players’ behaviors
A. To improve their entire quality.
B. To achieve their academic success.
C. To better their communicative skills.
D. To focus their mind on physical training.
5. What is the students’ attitude to the extra disciplines in the team
A. Negative. B. Supportive. C. Uncaring. D. Skeptical.
6. What do Green’s words mean in Paragraph 6
A. Some young people lack necessary disciplines.
B. All the students in his school behave very well.
C. Students’ correct daily behaviors are important.
D. A coach should set a good example for the students.
7. What is the text mainly about
A. A player is changing from a boy to a sport star.
B. A coach has brought his school team to victory.
C. A coach is teaching players valuable life lessons.
D. A football team has won the heart of community.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述一名教练提高队员们的综合素质，比赛取得胜利，也给了队员宝贵的人生经验的故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Being a high school coach provides wonderful opportunities not only to seek great skill from students in sports, but also to implant(灌输)in them some valuable life lessons. (作为一名高中教练，不仅提供了绝佳的机会从学生身上寻找伟大的体育技能，而且还向他们灌输了一些宝贵的人生经验。)和第三句“Although part of this is the result of physical fitness and practice, an improved general attitude has also played a key role in the team’s success. (虽然这部分归功于身体素质和训练，但整体态度的提高也在球队的成功中发挥了关键作用)可知，Green教练改变球员们的行为，是为了教他们树立正确的人生价值观并提高他们的整体品质。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“But he has showed us the right way to be a successful man. (但他向我们展示了成为成功人士的正确方法。)”和最后一句“Really, he’s helping turn us from boys to men. (真的，他正在帮助我们从男孩变成男人。)”可知，学生们受益于教练的额外纪律，因此他们对此是支持的。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段的“It’s just a lot of simple disciplines. That’s what is lacking in a lot of our young people.”It's just a lot of simple disciplines.. (它只是很多简单的规范。这正是我们很多年轻人所缺乏的。)可知，学生正确的日常行为很重要。故选C项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Being a high school coach provides wonderful opportunities not only to seek great skill from students in sports, but also to implant(灌输)in them some valuable life lessons.(作为一名高中教练，不仅提供了绝佳的机会从学生身上寻找伟大的体育技能，而且还向他们灌输了一些宝贵的人生经验。)以及全文内容可知，本文主要讲了Green教练向他的球员灌输重要的人生经验。故选C项。
C
Vehicles on our roads are now mostly petrol and diesel(柴油)cars, but their days cannot continue for much longer. A recent university study found that current electric cars could be used for 87 percent of daily car journeys in the US. That figure could rise to 98 percent by 2020.
One hurdle to the widespread adoption of electric cars has been “range anxiety”—drivers’ concerns about running out of electricity on a journey. While petrol stations are conveniently located across national road systems, the necessary network of electric charging stations is still being developed. That said, charging points are becoming increasingly common throughout the USA.
Attitudes towards electric vehicles have changed greatly over the last few years. Not that long ago, electric cars were met with distrust, and their high prices drove customers away. Thanks to improvements in battery capacity, recharging times, performance and price, the current generation of electric cars are starting to persuade picky consumers. Plug-in cars will soon give internal combustion engine(内燃机)models a run for their money.
As well as development on the road, electric vehicles are taking to the seas and skies. Electric boats are among the oldest methods of electric travel, having enjoyed several decades of popularity from the late 19th to the early 20th century before petrol-powered outboard motors took over. Now, the global drive for renewable energy sources is bringing electric boats back. Steps towards electric air travel are also being made, with Airbus and NASA among the organizations developing and testing battery-powered planes. The experiments could soon make commercial(商业的)electric flight a reality.
Electric vehicles do not produce any emissions(排放). If the US could replace 87 percent of its cars with electric vehicles, it would reduce the national demand for petrol by 61 percent. However, because of the production processes and the generation of electricity required to charge these vehicles, they cannot claim(声称)to be completely emission-free. That said, as many countries continue to increase their use of renewable energy sources, electric vehicles will become even cleaner.
8. The underlined word “hurdle” in Paragraph 2 probably means __________.
A. aim B. difficulty C. result D. step
9. Why did many people refuse to buy the electric cars in the past
A. They were very poorly made. B. They were not widely promoted.
C They were expensive. D. They couldn’t travel at a high speed.
10. What is the function of Paragraph 4
A. To introduce the history of electric travel.
B. To explain why the world needs more electric cars.
C. To show why more people have interest in electric cars.
D. To describe different ways electric vehicles can be used.
11. Which is the best title for this passage
A. Driving into a Cleaner Future B. History of Electric Cars
C. Problems with Petrol and Diesel Cars D. Best Means of Transportation
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汽油和柴油汽车虽然仍然主宰着我们的道路，但很快会被电动车辆所替代。电动汽车不产生任何排放物，随着在陆路方面的进步，电动汽车正朝着海洋和天空方向发展，而未来的车辆一定是电动时代。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“One hurdle to the widespread adoption of electric cars has been “range anxiety”—drivers’ concerns about running out of juice on a journey. (电动汽车被广泛采用的一个hurdle是“里程焦虑”——驾驶者担心在旅途中电量耗尽)”可知，“驾驶员担心在旅途中耗尽电能”是电动汽车的缺点，这是电动汽车普及的一个“障碍，难关”。由此可知，hurdle与difficulty意思一致。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Not that long ago, electric cars met with distrust, and their high prices drove customers away. (不久前，电动汽车遭遇了不信任，高昂的价格让消费者望而却步)”可知，过去很多人拒绝购买电动汽车是因为人们认为电动车太贵了不值得买。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“As well as development on the road, electric vehicles are taking to the seas and skies. Electric boats are among the oldest methods of electric travel, having enjoyed several decades of popularity from the late 19th to the early 20th century before petrol-powered outboard motors took over. Now, the global drive for renewable energy sources is bringing electric boats back. Steps towards electric air travel are also being made, with Airbus and NASA among the organizations developing and testing battery-powered planes. (除了在道路上的进步，电动汽车也正在走向海洋和天空。电动船是最古老的电动交通工具之一，从19世纪末到20世纪初，在汽油动力的舷外发动机接管之前，电动船已经流行了几十年。现在，全球对可再生能源的推动正在使电动船回归。电动飞机的发展也在取得进展，空客和美国国家航空航天局都在开发和测试电池驱动的飞机)”可知，电动交通工具以不同的方式出现在陆路，海上及空中。由此推知，第四段的作用是描述电动交通工具的不同的用途。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Vehicles on our roads are now mostly petrol and diesel(柴油)cars, but their days cannot continue for much longer. A recent university study found that current electric cars could be used for 87 percent of daily car journeys in the US. That figure could rise to 98 percent by 2020. (汽油和柴油车可能仍然主宰着我们的道路，但它们的日子屈指可数了。一项最近的大学研究发现，目前美国87%的日常汽车出行可以使用电动汽车。到2020年，这一数字可能上升到98%。)”和第四段中的“As well as development on the road, electric vehicles are taking to the seas and skies.(除了在公路上的发展，电动汽车正在走向海洋和天空。)”和其它内容可知，汽油和柴油交通工具可能仍然主宰着我们的道路，但很快会被电动交通工具所替代，而未来的交通工具一定是更清洁的电动时代。由此可知，A项“驶入更清洁的未来”适合作本文最佳标题。故选A。
D
Have you ever had the strong wish to open a book and stick your nose straight into the pages The smell of old books can refresh any book lovers. We don’t know why, but it is just pleasant to us.
Describing the smell can be a challenge. And mere adjectives will likely be of little use to future generations of historians trying to record, understand or reproduce the scent(气味)of slowly destroyed books. Now, that task may have just become easier thanks to the Historic Book Odor Wheel(气味轮).
In one experiment, researchers asked visitors at the historic library to describe the scents they smelled. All the visitors selected words like “woody”, “smoky” and “earthy” from the list, and described the smell’s intensity(浓度)and pleasantness. In another experiment, the study authors presented visitors to the Birmingham Museum with eight smells—one of which was an unlabeled(未贴标签的)historic book scent and seven were non-bookish, such as coffee, chocolate, fish market and dirty clothes. The researchers then had those museumgoers describe the historic book smell. The top two responses Chocolate and coffee. “You tend to use familiar associations to describe smells when they are unlabeled,” study author Cecilia Bembibre says.
The team even analysed the volatile organic compounds(VOCs)(挥发性有机化合物)in the book and the library. Using the data from the chemical analysis and visitors’ smell descriptions, the researchers created the Historic Book Odor Wheel to record the “historic library smell”. Main categories, such as “sweet/spicy”, fill the inner(内侧的)circle of the wheel; descriptors, such as “chocolate/cream”, fill the middle; and the chemical compounds likely to be the source with bad smells, like furfural, fill the outer circle. The researchers want the book odor wheel to be a tool that “untrained noses” can use to recognize smells and the compounds causing them, which could deal with historic book protectors’ concerns about material composition and historic paper protection. And hopefully, smells of the past can be reproduced in the lab someday and museums and historians can use it to rebuild a past we can no longer smell.
12. What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A. To introduce the main topic. B. To describe different book smells.
C. To show the author’s attitude. D. To encourage people to read books.
13. People usually describe unlabeled smells by __________.
A. using adjectives B. linking them with food smells
C. analyzing chemical components D. connecting them with familiar things
14. What is the function of the “Historic Book Odor Wheel”
A. To test different smells. B. To store book smells.
C. To describe smells. D. To collect history books.
15. What might the study be used for in the future
A. Creating a whole new smell.
B. Improving people’s sense of smell.
C. Getting rid of bad smells of old books.
D. Reproducing smell of historic books.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种用于记录旧书气味的“气味轮”的诞生。研究人员通过在博物馆和图书馆组织游客进行气味感官描述，并开展化学分析，创建了历史书籍气味轮来记录“历史图书馆的气味”。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Have you ever had the strong wish to open a book and stick your nose straight into the pages The smell of old books can refresh any book lovers. We don’t know why, but it is just pleasant to us. (你是否曾经有强烈的愿望想打开一本书，把鼻子直接贴在书页上？旧书的味道能使任何书迷精神焕发。我们不知道为什么，但它只是让我们愉快。)”可知，第一段主要描述了我们对书籍气味的迷恋。结合第二段的“Now, that task may have just become easier thanks to the Historic Book Odor Wheel(气味轮).(现在，多亏了历史书籍“气味轮”，这项任务可能变得更容易了。)”可推断，第一段描述我们对书籍的迷恋是为了引出文章的主题——“气味轮”的出现。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的““You tend to use familiar associations to describe smells when they are unlabeled,” study author Cecilia Bembibre says.(“当气味没有被打上标签时，你常常使用熟悉的联想来描述它们，”研究作者Cecilia Bembibre说。) ”及第三段全段对于实验过程的描述可知，人们在描述未知气味时，倾向于使用熟悉的事物来展开联想。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Using the data from the chemical analysis and visitors’ smell descriptions, the researchers created the Historic Book Odor Wheel to record the “historic library smell”. Main categories, such as “sweet/spicy”, fill the inner(内侧的) circle of the wheel; descriptors, such as “chocolate/cream”, fill the middle; and the chemical compounds likely to be the smelly source, like furfural, fill the outer circle. The researchers want the book odor wheel to be a tool that “untrained noses” can use to recognize smells and the compounds causing them, which could deal with historic book protectors’ concerns about material composition and historic paper conservation. And hopefully, smells of the past can be reproduced in the lab someday and museums and historians can use it to rebuild a past we can no longer smell. (利用化学分析数据和游客的气味描述，研究人员创造了“历史图书气味轮”来记录“历史图书馆的气味”。主要类别，如“甜/辣”，填充车轮的内圆；描述词，如“巧克力/奶油”，填在中间；而可能是臭味来源的化合物，如糠醛，填满了外圈。) ”可知，使用“历史书籍气味轮”的目的是描述气味。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The researchers want the book odor wheel to be a tool that “untrained noses” can use to recognize smells and the compounds causing them, which could deal with historic book protectors’ concerns about material composition and historic paper protection. And hopefully, smells of the past can be reproduced in the lab someday and museums and historians can use it to rebuild a past we can no longer smell. (研究人员希望书中的气味轮能成为一种工具，“未经训练的鼻子”可以用来识别气味和导致气味的化合物，这可以解决文物保护人员对材料组成和历史纸张保护的担忧。希望有一天，过去的气味可以在实验室里重现，博物馆和历史学家可以用它来重建我们再也闻不到的过去)”可推知，研究者们未来有望利用气味轮来保护历史材料文献、重现历史书籍的气味。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Educate Yourself
Despite fears of automation （自动化）destroying jobs, history shows that new technology often ends up creating new jobs and opportunities. If you want to take advantage of these new jobs, you’ll need to be able to teach yourself new things. ____16____. But the following process should get you off to a very good start.
Discover what you want to learn.
The obvious first step is to pick a skill or subject. You probably have an unclear idea in mind already, but you are encouraged to make it more specific. Let’s take learning piano as an example. ____17____ To play a few of your favorite songs To play in a band with your friends To become the next Carnegie Hall pianist You can better record and study your learning progress by doing so.
Determine how you learn best.
You can start finding materials once a learning goal is set. ____18____, you should do some self-reflection（反思）and determine your learning style. However, it’s not as simple as you thought. In reality, you probably learn well in multiple ways, and the best approach will also depend on the topic.
Start with the right learning resources.
If you’re totally new to a subject, you are recommended to read some existing learning resources to get started. Focus on resources that are designed for beginners. This way, you don’t develop bad habits. ____19____.
Practice attentively.
When you practice attentively, you set a specific intention for your practice period and focus on only that. You’re also honest about your present performance, constantly asking how you can improve. ____20____. You could play the guitar absently for 10,000 hours but still be no closer to a great guitarist. It requires attentive, focused practice.
A. Do you like playing the piano
B. What exactly do you want to learn
C. It takes frequent practice to make perfect
D. Before you begin specific books or courses
E. Putting in the hours is necessary but not enough
F. It’s difficult to give exact steps for self-education
G. And choose whatever learning resources work best for your style
【答案】16. F 17. B 18. D 19. G 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何自学一个新技能。
16题详解】
根据前句“If you want to take advantage of these new jobs, you’ll need to be able to teach yourself new things.”（如果你想利用这些新工作，你需要能够自学新东西。）和后句“But the following process should get you off to a very good start”（但是下面的过程会让你有一个很好的开始。），F选项的“It’s difficult to give exact steps for self-education”（很难给出自我教育的确切步骤），承上启下，说明给出自我教育的步骤是困难的。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Identify What You Want to Learn”（确定你想学什么）可知，本段的主题是确定自己具体想学习的内容。根据后文三个问题“To play a few of your favorite songs To play in a band with your friends To become the next Carnegie Hall soloist？”（弹奏几首你最喜欢的歌 和你的朋友在乐队里演奏 成为卡内基音乐厅的下一位独奏家 ）可知，你要明确你具体要学习的是什么，B选项的“What exactly do you want to learn”（你到底想学什么），符合语境，引出后文问题，与前后文逻辑一致，故选B。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Determine how you learn best.”（确定你如何学习得最好。）可知，本段主要如何学得最好，以及后句“you should do some self-reflection and determine your learning style.”（你应该做一些自我反思并决定你的学习风格。）可知，此处指的是事前反思，D选项的“Before you begin specific books or courses”（在你开始特定的书籍或课程之前），先反思再开始，与前后文语义逻辑一致，故选D。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Start With the Right Learning Resources”（从正确的学习资源开始）可知，本段主要强调正确的学习资源，以及前句“Focus on resources that make few assumptions and are designed for absolute beginners. This way, you don’t miss fundamentals or develop bad habits.”（关注那些假设较少、专为绝对初学者设计的资源。这样，你就不会错过基本原则或养成坏习惯。）可知，此处说明应该如何选择学习资源，G选项的“And choose whatever learning resources work best for your style”（选择最适合你风格的学习资源），与前句语义逻辑一致，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据后文“You could play the guitar absently for 10,000 hours but still be no closer to playing like Pat Metheney, a great guitarist. It requires attentive, focused practice.”（你可以心不在焉地弹吉他一万个小时，但仍然无法像伟大的吉他手帕特·梅塞尼那样演奏。这需要专心、专注的练习。）可知，此处指的是不仅需要花时间，而且要投入，E选项的“Putting in the hours is necessary but not enough”（投入时间是必要的，但还不够。），与后文在语义逻辑上一致，故选E。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入的空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
When Ariel rode her bike to Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge(保护区)in Queens, New York, last November, she planned to go hiking and bird-watching. Bingo! A mile into her walk, she ____21____ a gorgeous female mute swan near the water’s edge. Ariel, 30, who had worked at the Wild Bird Fund rehabilitation(康复)center in Manhattan, knew that mute swans can be ____22____. But it didn’t move as she ____23____ this one.
She was certain that the bird needed ____24____ attention. Then Ariel ____25____ her jacket over the bird’s head to keep it calm, ____26____ picked it up, and cradled it in her arms. And then an idea ____27____ her: What do I do now
Her best choice was the rehabilitation center. ____28____, that was across the East River and on the other side of town. How was she going to ____29____ a 17-pound swan on her bike all that way Luckily, some strangers driving by offered her, her bike, and the swan a _____30_____ to a nearby subway station. And no one seemed particularly _____31_____ by the feathered passenger on the subway. One guy, says Ariel, was “sitting right in front of me on his phone. I don’t know if he noticed there was a swan in front of him.”
Ariel _____32_____ the rehabilitation center, and Higginbotham, an animal-care manager, _____33_____ her up at the subway station and drove bird, bike, and _____34_____ to the center. There, staff members _____35_____ that the swan might have lead(铅)poisoning, caused by swallowing weights used on fishing lines.
The staff did all they could to help her. _____36_____, even with all the thoughtful care, the swan caught a serious disease due to bacterial infection. Two months after Ariel came to her rescue, she _____37_____.
It’s a(n)_____38_____ ending, but the real story is just _____39_____ some people are willing to go to save a swan in the big city. In all, Ariel traveled two hours by foot, car, and subway while dragging her bike. “That’s the perfect _____40_____ of who she is,” says Higginbotham.
21. A. seized B. accompanied C. spotted D. appreciated
22. A. aggressive B. brave C. gentle D. beautiful
23. A. checked B. hugged C. caught D. approached
24. A. patient B. media C. public D. medical
25. A. hung B. covered C. pulled D. held
26. A. cautiously B. quickly C. immediately D. casually
27. A. inspired B. struck C. interested D. stopped
28. A. However B. Otherwise C. Meanwhile D. Therefore
29. A. seat B. support C. transport D. comfort
30. A. car B. map C. boat D. lift
31. A. disturbed B. embarrassed C. amused D. upset
32. A. discovered B. reached C. visited D. called
33. A. looked B. picked C. brought D. cheered
34. A. guy B. passenger C. rescuer D. strangers
35. A. confirmed B. imagined C. determined D. declared
36. A. Hopefully B. Sadly C. Eventually D. Strangely
37. A. got better B. passed away C. flew away D. returned home
38. A. disappointing B. comforting C. heart-warming D. inspiring
39. A. how often B. how long C. how far D. how soon
40. A. condition B. process C. expectation D. summary
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. C 36. B 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公阿里尔在路边偶然发现了一只受伤的天鹅，于是她努力地去拯救天鹅的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：走了一英里，她在水边发现了一只雌天鹅。A. seized抓住；B. accompanied陪同；C. spotted发现；D. appreciated感激；欣赏。根据下文“ knew that mute swans can be 2 . But as she approached this one, it didn’t move.”可知，她是发现了天鹅。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：30岁的阿里尔曾在曼哈顿的野鸟基金会康复中心工作，知道疣鼻天鹅可能很有攻击性。A. aggressive富于攻击性的；B. brave勇敢的；C. gentle温和的；D. beautiful漂亮的。根据她曾是救援中心工作人员及下文“But it didn’t move as she ____3____ this one.”所体现的转折关系可知，她知道天鹅是具有攻击性的，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当她接近这只时，它没有动。A. checked检查；B. hugged拥抱；C. caught抓住；D. approached靠近。根据下句“She was certain that the bird needed ____4____ attention.”可知她确信这只鸟需要医疗护理。说明她靠近了这只天鹅。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她确信这只鸟需要医疗照顾。A. patient耐心的；B. media媒体；C. public公共的；D. medical医学的。根据上文提到天鹅具有攻击性，却没有动，以及下文“There, staff members ____15____ that the swan might have lead(铅)poisoning”可知，这只天鹅中毒了，需要医疗照顾，故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后爱丽儿把外套盖在小鸟的头上，让它保持冷静，然后小心翼翼地把它抱起来，把它抱在怀里。A. hung悬挂；B. covered覆盖；C. pulled拉；D. held举起。根据空后“her jacket over the bird’ s head to keep it calm, 6 picked it up，and cradled it in her arms.”可知，然后Ariel把她的夹克盖在小鸟的头上，让它保持冷静，小心翼翼地把它捡起来，抱在怀里。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后爱丽儿把外套盖在小鸟的头上，让它保持冷静，然后小心翼翼地把它抱起来，把它抱在怀里。A. cautiously小心地；B. quickly快速地；C. immediately立即；D. casually随意地。根据前文“She was certain that the bird needed 3 attention.”可知，这只天鹅需要医疗照顾可知它生病了，所以应“小心翼翼”把它捡起，故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时她突然想到:我现在该怎么办 A. inspired鼓舞；B. struck突然想到；C. interested使感兴趣；D. stopped停止。结合下文“How was she going to 9 a 17-pound swan on her bike all that way ”可推知，作者当时在想“要怎么办”，这个想法“突然地”出现在她脑海，sth. struck sb.表示“某人突然想到某事”，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她最好的选择是康复中心。然而，它在东河对岸，在城镇的另一边。A. However然而；B. Otherwise否则；C. Meanwhile同时；D. Therefore因此。根据上句“Her best choice was the rehabilitation center (她最好的选择是康复中心)”和下句“that was across the East River and on the other side of town (在东河对面，在城镇的另一边)可知前后句是转折关系。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她怎么用自行车把一只17磅重的天鹅运输到目的地 A. seat容纳；B. support支持；C. transport运输；D. comfort安慰。根据后文“Luckily, some strangers driving by offered her, her bike, and the swan a 10 to a nearby subway station.”可知，开车经过的陌生人把她带到地铁站，所以此处是运输天鹅这么远。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，一些开车经过的陌生人让她、她的自行车和天鹅搭便车去附近的地铁站。A. car汽车；B. map地图；C. boat船；D. lift搭便车。根据前文“How was she going to 9 a 17-pound swan on her bike all that way ”可知，爱丽儿在想怎么运输天鹅，再根据Luckily，可知陌生人帮助了她，所以此处是固定搭配offer sb. a lift表示“给某人搭便车”。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在地铁上，似乎没有人对这位长着羽毛的乘客感到特别惊慌。A. disturbed被扰乱的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. amused愉快的；D. upset不安的。根据后文“One guy, says Ariel, was “sitting right in front of me on his phone. I don’t know if he noticed there was a swan in front of him.”(爱丽儿说，有一个人“正坐在我面前玩手机。我不知道他是否注意到他前面有一只天鹅。”)”可知，一个人坐在她面前玩手机，所以乘客并没有因为天鹅而惊慌。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：阿里尔打电话给康复中心的动物护理经理希金博特姆，让他到地铁站接她，然后开车把鸟、自行车和救援人员送到康复中心。A. discovered发现；B. reached到达；C. visited参观；D. called打电话。 根据下句“and Higginbotham, an animal-care manager， 13 her up at the subway station and drove bird, bike, and 14 to the center.”可知动物护理经理Higginbotham在地铁站接了她，开车带着天鹅、自行车和救援人员去了康复中心。说明Ariel给康复中心打了电话，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. looked看；B. picked挑选；C. brought带来；D. cheered欢呼。根据下文“drove bird, bike, and ____14____ to the center.”可知，动物护理经理Higginbotham在地铁站接了她，开车带着bird、自行车和救援人员去了康复中心。pick up“接某人”。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：阿里尔打电话给康复中心的动物护理经理大卫，让他到地铁站接她，然后开车把鸟、自行车和救援人员送到康复中心。A. guy家伙；B. passenger乘客；C. rescuer救援人员；D. stranger陌生人。根据前文“Luckily, some strangers driving by offered her, her bike, and the swan a ____10____ to a nearby subway station.”可知，让他到地铁站接她，然后开车把鸟、自行车和作者送到康复中心，作者是救援天鹅的人员。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，工作人员确定这只天鹅可能有铅中毒，这是由于吞食了鱼线上的重物引起的。A. confirmed确认；B. imagined想象；C. determined确定；D. declared宣布。根据下句“that the swan might have lead (铅) poisoning, caused by swallowing weights used on fishing lines.”可知工作人员确定这只天鹅可能铅中毒了，是因为吞咽了钓鱼线上的重物。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，即使经过精心照料，天鹅还是因为细菌感染而得了重病。A. Hopefully有希望地；B. Sadly伤心地；C. Eventually最后；D. Strangely奇怪地。根据下句“even with all the thoughtful care, the swan caught a serious disease due to bacterial infection”可知尽管得到了精心的照料，这只天鹅还是因细菌感染而染上了严重的疾病。这是令人非常伤心的。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在爱丽儿救她两个月后，她去世了。A. got better变得更好；B. passed away去世；C. flew away飞走；D. returned home回家。根据前文“even with all the thoughtful care, the swan caught a serious disease due to bacterial infection.”可知，天鹅的情况很不好，推知，处此处应是两个月后，天鹅去世了。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个令人失望的结局，但真实的故事是，在大城市里，一些人为了拯救一只天鹅，愿意走多远。A. disappointing令人失望的；B. comforting安慰的；C. heart-warming暖心的；D. inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据前文“Two months after Ariel came to her rescue, she 17 .”可知，天鹅最后去世了，所以是令人失望的结局。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查副词短语辨析。句意：这是一个令人失望的结局，但真实的故事是，在大城市里，一些人为了拯救一只天鹅，愿意走多远。A. how often多长时间一次；B. how long多长时间；C. how far多远；D. how soon多快。根据后文“In all, Ariel traveled two hours by foot, car, and subway while dragging her bike.”可知，此处是在讲距离，所以应该用how far。故选C项。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大卫说:“这是对她的完美概况。”A. condition条件；B. process过程；C. expectation预料；D. summary总结；概况。根据前文“In all, Ariel traveled two hours by foot, car, and subway while dragging her bike.”可知，爱丽儿不辞辛苦的步行、开车、乘地铁，同时拖着她的自行车，走了两个小时，只为救这只天鹅，所以上述的行程是对她的完美概括。故选D项。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Stress used to be an almost unknown word, but now we have got used to ____41____(talk)about it.
In recent years, stress has been regarded as a cause of many kinds of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness. But like so many other things, it is only too much stress ____42____ does you harm. If you are stuck at home with no stress, then there is slight chance that you will make much ____43____(achieve). In some degree, the more stress you are under, the ____44____(good)your performance will be.
Beyond a certain point, though, further stress will only lead to exhaustion, illness and finally a breakdown. You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself ____45____ number of questions. Do you, for example, feel that too much is being expected of you, and yet find it impossible ____46____(say)no Do you find yourself getting impatient or ____47____(annoy)with people over unimportant things If the answer to all those questions ____48____(be)yes, it’s best to control your stress, because you probably are under more stress than is good for you.
You can partly control the amount of stress in your life. Doctors have worked out a chart showing how much stress is involved in various ____49____(activity). Getting married is 50, pregnancy 40, moving house 20, Christmas 12, etc. _____50_____ the total stress in your life is over 150, you are twice as likely to get ill.
【答案】41. talking
42. that 43. achievement
44. better 45. a
46. to say 47. annoyed
48. is 49. activities
50. If
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了压力的好处和坏处，并对如何应对压力提出了方法和建议。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：压力曾经是一个几乎不为人知的词，但现在我们已经习惯了谈论它。be used to doing sth.“习惯做某事”，用动名词作宾语，故填talking。
42题详解】
考查强调句型。句意：但是就像很多其他事情一样，只是压力太大对你有害。强调句型的基本结构为：It is/was + 被强调成分 + that/who + 其它成分，其最大的特点是去掉It is/was 和 that/who，句子仍然成立。分析句子可知，本句是强调句型，强调的是句子的主语only too much stress。故填that。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：如果你呆在家里没有压力，那么，你取得很大成就的可能性就很小了。分析句子可知，much修饰不可数名词，作动词make的宾语，故填achievement。
【44题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：在某种程度上，你承受的压力越大，你的表现就会越好。“the+ 比较级， the+比较级”意为“越……就越……”。所以本空使用 good 的比较级形式 better 。故填better 。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：你可以通过问自己几个问题来判断自己何时处于最佳状态，何时处于低谷。a number of “许多，大量”，该短语通常作定语修饰可数名词复数形式，本句中使用a number of 修饰可数名词复数形式questions。故填a。
【46题详解】
考查不定式。句意：例如，你是否觉得别人对你的期望太高，而你却不可能说“不” 分析句子可知，find后的it作形式宾语，真正的宾语用不定式，故填to say。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：你是否发现自己在无关紧要的事情上变得不耐烦或烦恼 annoyed“恼怒的”，该词是由过去分词转换而来的形容词，通常修饰人，表示人的感受。本句中该词和impatient 构成并列关系一起和系动词get构成系表结构，用形容词作表语。故填annoyed。
【48题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：如果所有这些问题的答案都是肯定的，那么你最好控制你的压力，因为你可能承受的压力比对你有利的压力更大。分析句子可知，be动词作谓语，文章主时态是一般现在时，主语the answer是单数，谓语动词用单数，故填is。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：医生们制作了一个图表，显示不同活动中所涉及到的压力。activity“活动”是可数名词，由various修饰用复数，故填activities。
【50题详解】
考查连词。句意：如果你生活中的总压力超过150，你生病的可能性就会增加一倍。根据句意并分析句子可知，空处填连词引导条件状语从句，故填If。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Honesty, considering as a good quality, is of vital importance. Honest people won respect while a liar is looked down upon because dishonesty leads to distrust and even ruin one’s reputation. So how to be the honest student Firstly, you’d better not to copy homework or cheat in the exam. Beside, keep your promise and try to do things well. More importantly, tell the truth instead lies. Only in this way can you make lots of progresses in your studies and make more friends. If you’re honest with other, you’ll be treated the same way. There is no doubt whether an honest student will have a bright future.
【答案】1. considering→ considered
2. won→ win
3. ruin→ ruins
4. the→ an
5. 删除to
6. Beside→ Besides
7. 在lies前加of
8. progresses→ progress
9. other→ others
10. whether→ that
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了诚实的重要性。
【详解】1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：诚实被认为是一种良好的品质，是至关重要的。句子主语Honesty与动词consider之间存在被动关系，应用过去分词，故将considering改为considered。
2.考查时态。句意：诚实的人赢得尊重，而骗子却被看不起，因为不诚实会导致不信任，甚至毁掉自己的声誉。此处表示一种普遍现象和客观真理，应使用一般现在时，故将won改为win。
3.考查主谓一致。句意：诚实的人赢得尊重，而骗子却被看不起，因为不诚实会导致不信任，甚至毁掉自己的声誉。此处and连接两个并列谓语，原因状语从句主语为不可数名词，连接的第二个谓语也应使用第三人称单数，故将ruin改为ruins。
4.考查冠词。句意：那么，如何做一个诚实的学生呢？此处为泛指“一个诚实的学生”，应使用不定冠词，且honest是以元音音素开头的词，应用an，故将the改为an。
5.考查情态动词。句意：首先，你最好不要在考试中抄作业或作弊。此处had better整体视为情态动词，后跟动词原形，had better not do sth意为“最好不要做某事”，故删除to。
6.考查副词。句意：此外，要信守诺言，努力把事情做好。副词besides意为“此外，而且”，故将Beside改为Besides。
7.考查介词。句意：更重要的是，说实话而不是谎言。短语instead of整体意为“代替，而不是”，后接名词或名词短语，故在lies前加of。
8. 考查不可数名词。句意：只有这样，你才能在学习上取得很大的进步，结交更多的朋友。名词progress为不可数名词，没有复数形式，故将progresses改为progress。
9. 考查代词。句意：如果你对别人诚实，你也会受到同样的对待。此处“别人”为复数含义，应使用其复数形式，故将other改为others。
10.考查连接词。句意：毫无疑问，一个诚实的学生会有光明的未来。此处的同位语同句为肯定含义，且语义完整，使用不含意义的连接词that，故将whether改为that。
第二节 写作（满分25分）
52. 假定你是攀枝花中学高二学生李华。你和同学把一则故事改编成了一个英语短剧，准备参加学校举办的英语戏剧比赛。请你给外教Miss Evans写封邮件，请她帮忙指导。邮件内容包括：
1.剧情简介；
2.寻求外教的帮助；
3.商定时间地点；
4.表示感谢。
注意：
1.词数100左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：改编——adapt vt. 戏剧——drama
Dear Miss Evans,
I’m writing to ask you to do me a favor.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Miss Evans,
I’m writing to ask you to do me a favor. We’d like to adapt the classic novel The Steamboat for a short English play. The play is set on a big storm after midnight. We saved a scared boy. So would you please spare some time to review the draft script attached to this email and make necessary changes
If it is convenient, may I pay you a visit at your office next Tuesday to give you more details Given your busy schedule, I’d be very appreciative if you offer to give some professional advice.
Look forward to your early reply.
Best regards!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是攀枝花中学高二学生李华。你和同学把一则故事改编成了一个英语短剧，准备参加学校举办的英语戏剧比赛。请你给外教Miss Evans写封邮件，请她帮忙指导。
【详解】1.词汇积累
挽救：save→rescue
拜访：pay sb a visit→visit
感激的：appreciative→grateful
建议：advice→suggestion
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：The play is set on a big storm after midnight. We saved a scared boy.
拓展句：The play is set on a big storm after midnight when we saved a scared boy.
【点睛】【高分句型1】So would you please spare some time to review the draft script attached to this email and make necessary changes （运用了不定式作目的状语和过去分词作定语）
【高分句型2】
Given your busy schedule, I’d be very appreciative if you offer to give some professional advice.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
同课章节目录