广东省江门市新会区2023-2024学年高三上学期8月开学考试英语试题（解析版，无听力部分）
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| 名称 | 广东省江门市新会区2023-2024学年高三上学期8月开学考试英语试题（解析版，无听力部分） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2023-08-12 00:32:30 | ||
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新会区2023-2024学年高三上学期8月开学考试
英语科试题
试卷满分150分(笔试部分130，上机听说20分)，笔试时间120分钟
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的班别、姓名、学号、考号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡相应位置上，写在本试卷上无效。
一、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
Laura encourages her two kids to make crafts and drawings from old bits of packaging. She began ____1____ her family’s waste when she moved house and decided that she would leave all single-use ____2____ behind.
“It’s cheaper and you know that the item will ____3____ being used instead of being set aside — so it’s just perfect! Each of us play a big ____4____ in taking care of the environment. It’s ____5____ to try to help rather than just keep complaining about the current situation.”
Any glass container is ____6____ and repurposed for something else. This means that the family only send a piece of ____7____ to landfill every two weeks on average. She tries not to buy any plastic at all, but when she does, she will get it ____8____ washed and recycled.
The family also grow their own tomatoes, lettuce, and some other vegetables in the garden, and have orange trees outdoors. Laura has also ____9____ herself in a community of friends who _____10_____ items with each other that they need, like furniture or plates.
She said, “We tried to use the minimum _____11_____ and take over some toys and baby equipment from friends and relatives. If we really had to _____12_____ anything, first we tried at the _____13_____ market.”
To help educate her kids, Laura takes them out on nature walks to the forest where they _____14_____ rubbish as they go. “They enjoy this _____15_____, because they know it’s better for the environment,” she said.
1. A. considering B. reducing C. analyzing D. dividing
2. A. pots B. handles C. items D. collections
3. A. continue B. stop C. fancy D. delay
4. A. game B. lead C. match D. role
5. A. original B. enjoyable C. cautious D. normal
6. A. attended to B. left out C. washed up D. taken away
7. A. equipment B. furniture C. glass D. rubbish
8. A. thoroughly B. delightedly C. modestly D. accidentally
9. A. devoted B. found C. exposed D. buried
10. A. share B. trade C. discuss D. clarify
11. A. necessary B. valuable C. ordinary D. possible
12 A. purchase B. discover C. approach D. preserve
13. A. far-away B. duty-free C. second-hand D. life-long
14. A. pull out B. pick up C. hold back D. keep off
15. A. activity B. idea C. theme D. jungle
二、阅读理解(共两节，满分47.5分)
第一节 阅读理解(共14小题;每小题2.5分，满分35分)
A
Rachel Hore’s fascinating novels move between the past and the present. Her latest The House on Bellevue Gardens is set in London now and in the early 1960s.
Best-selling author Rachel Hore’s previous novels include The Glass Painter’s Daughter, which was shortlisted(入围) for the 2010 Romantic Novel of the Year award, and A Gathering Storm, which was shortlisted for the 2012 Historical Novel of the Year award.
Here, she shares three books that made an impact on her life.
Orlando
by Virginia Woolf
Reading Orlando for the first time in my late teens gave me a wonderful sense of freedom and the possibilities that a life full of books can offer. Forever young Orlando possesses “the strength of a man and a woman’s grace”.
He lives through four centuries and has many disguises; sometimes he even changes his gender.
It was an excellent literary work through history that excited and inspired me.
Flight Behaviour
by Barbara Kingsolver
I’ve read many of Barbara Kingsolver’s novels, including her well-known The Poisonwood Bible, admiring how easily she writes about the power and beauty of the natural world, of which humanity is a dependent part.
I particularly love Flight Behaviour because she engages the reader easily with an ambitious subject for fiction — climate change.
Her story makes us all care about what we are doing to our world.
The Hawk in the Rain
by Ted Hughes
We were given The Thought Fox to read at school and I was so deeply impressed with its central image of the fox in the snow inspiring the poem that I spent that week’s money on the book it appears in. I read and re-read it and was amazed!
I loved the writer’s technique of description, as well as the energy, the violence and the sensuousness (敏感) of those poems.
Everyone should have their ‘discovery of poetry’ moment, and mine was Ted Hughes.
16. Which of the following books was shortlisted for the 2012 Historical Novel of the Year award
A. The House on Bellevue Gardens. B. The Glass Painter’s Daughter.
C. A Gathering Storm. D. Flight Behaviour.
17. Which book did Rachel Hore read when she was in her late teens
A. Flight Behaviour. B. Orlando.
C The Poisonwood Bible. D. The Hawk in the Rain.
18. For what does Rachel Hore admire Barbara Kingsolver
A. The topic of her novel.
B. How she writes about the power and beauty of the natural world.
C. How her novels excite and inspire readers.
D. Her technique of description.
B
When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”
19. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs
A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.
20. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks
A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem.
C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine.
21. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou
A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea.
C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.
22. What is the basis for John’s work
A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive.
C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.
C
Improvements to energy efficiency, such as LED lights, are seen by many authorities as a top priority for cutting carbon emissions. Yet a growing body of research suggests that a rebound effect could wipe out more than half of the savings from energy efficiency improvements, making the goals of the Paris Agreement on climate change even harder to hit.
A team led by Paul Brockway at the University of Leeds, UK, looked at the existing 33 studies on the impact of the rebound effect. First comes the direct rebound: for instance, when someone buys a more efficient car, they may take advantage of that by driving it further. Then comes the indirect rebound: fuel savings leave the owner with more money to spend elsewhere in the economy, consuming energy.
Although the 33 studies used different methods to model the rebound effect, they produced very consistent estimates of its impact, leading the team to conclude that the effect wipes out, on average, 63 percent of the anticipated energy savings.
“We’re not saying energy efficiency doesn’t work. What we’re saying is rebound needs to be taken more seriously,” says Brockway.
The idea that increased efficiency may not deliver the hoped-for savings dates back to the Jevons paradox(悖论), named after the economist William Stanley Jevons, who, in 1865, observed that more efficient coal use led to more demand for coal.
If the rebound effect does prove to be as big as suggested, it means future global energy demand will be higher than expected and the world will need far more wind and solar power and carbon-capture technology than is currently being planned for.
But that doesn’t mean nothing can be done to limit the rebound effect. One answer is to double down on energy efficiency and do twice as much to achieve the same effect.
23. Which of the following is a rebound effect
A. A man uses LED lights to cut carbon emissions.
B. A company uses coal more efficiently to reduce waste.
C. A family saves money by using energy-saving devices.
D. A lady spends savings from her fuel efficient car on more clothes.
24. How did Paul Brockway’s team carry out their research
A. By interviewing economists.
B. By analyzing former studies.
C. By modeling the rebound effect.
D. By debating about the Jevons paradox.
25. What would Paul Brockway probably agree with
A. Authorities should dismiss energy efficiency.
B. Worldwide efforts to preserve energy are in vain.
C. The rebound effect helps protect the environment.
D. More attention should be paid to the rebound effect.
D
Video calls are a common occurrence, but have you imagined being able to touch the person on the other end of the line Scientists are making this a reality.
Researchers at the University of New South Wales, Australia, have invented a soft skin stretch device (SSD), a haptic (触觉的) device that can recreate the sense of touch. Haptic technology mimics (模仿) the experience of touch by stimulating small areas of the skin in ways that are similar to what is felt in the real world, through force, vibration (震动) or motion.
Vibration is the most common haptic technology today and has been built into many electronic devices, such as one attached to the back of a trackpad (触控板) in laptops, which mimics a button clicking. However, haptic feedback with vibration becomes less sensitive when used continuously. The existing technology also has great difficulty recreating the sense of touch with objects in virtual environments or located remotely, according to Mai Thanh Thai, lead author of the study.
The new technology overcomes issues with existing haptic devices. The research team introduced a novel method to recreate the sense of touch through soft, artificial “muscles”.
“Our three-way directional skin stretch device, built into the fingertips of the wearable haptic glove we also created, is like wearing a second skin — it’s soft, stretchable and mimics the sense of touch — and will enable new forms of haptic communication to enhance everyday activities,” said Thanh Nho Do, senior author of the study.
It works like this: Imagine you are at home and you call your friend who is in Australia. You wear a haptic glove with the SSDs and your friend also wears a glove with integrated (集成的) 3D force sensors. If your friend picks up an object, it will physically press against your friend’s fingers. And his/her glove with 3D force sensors will measure these interactions. The force signals can be sent to your glove so your device will generate the same 3D forces, making you experience the same sense of touch as your friend.
The haptic devices could be applied in various scenarios, allowing users to feel objects inside a virtual world or at a distance. This could be especially beneficial during such times like the COVID-19 pandemic when people rely on video calls to stay connected with loved ones. Or it could be used in medical practices. Doctors can feel a patient’s organ tissues with surgical tools without touching them.
26. What’s the main purpose of the text
A. To encourage the use of a new product.
B. To inform readers of a new invention.
C. To compare different haptic devices.
D. To introduce the development of haptic technology.
27. What can we learn about the SSD
A. It mimics the sense of touch through a trackpad.
B. It mainly uses vibration technology.
C. It takes the shape of a glove.
D. It makes virtual haptic communication possible.
28. What does Paragraph 6 mainly talk about
A. The advantages of the new haptic glove.
B. The applications of the new haptic technology.
C. An explanation of how the haptic device works.
D. A personal experience of using SSDs during a video call.
29. How could the new haptic device benefit people
A. It could replace video calls as a way to communicate.
B. it could be used for recreating organ tissues.
C. Doctors could perform surgeries at once.
D. Users could feel remote objects in a realistic way.
第二节 七选五(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Choosing a career is one of those important decisions that can change the course of your life.____30____ Ample information and self-examination can help you choose a satisfying career that you will enjoy for years to come. If you feel confused about picking a career, you're not alone. We're here to help!
Evaluate your work style. The right career for you will be suited to your work style. Do you need the discipline of a structured work environment to do your best ____31____ There are, of course, other factors that affect your job performance. But, your natural work style plays a big role.
Identify your skills. Every career requires a different skill set. Sales managers need great leadership skills, and teachers need to be able to communicate effectively with both students and parents.____32____List every talent and skill you have, even if it doesn't seem like it will help you get a job.
____33____ What do you want out of a career Do you want to help other people Do you want to travel How much money do you want to make Of course, what you want to achieve often changes over time, and things that were once extremely important become less so.
Remember that things can change. There are a million "Best Careers" lists out there that will say you should have a certain career because you will make a certain amount of money with it. ____34____ There might be a lot of demand for a job now, but what about in 10 years Don't choose a job just because it's number one on a list somewhere. Things can change over time, and the job that was once number one might end up not even making the list a few years from now.
A. Determine your goals.
B. It deserves considerable time and reflection.
C. Take some time to figure out what you're good at.
D. Ask questions about the advantages and disadvantages of the job.
E. Or do you like setting your own schedule and work independently
F. However, there's no way to totally guarantee job security and stability.
G. Are you willing and able to put in that time and the money that comes with it
三、语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Singing is one of those universal actions that everyone can do for fun, regardless of how they sound. According to recent studies _____35_____(conduct) at Goethe University Frankfurt, s nging can be actually helpful to your immune system. The study focused _____36_____ a group of people who sang in a professional choir and discovered that the amount of proteins in the blood that function as antibodies(抗体) was _____37_____(obvious) higher after singing, so people involved in music could be less likely _____38_____(get) sick.
Singing actually is the perfect physical exercise for people who are injured, disabled or elderly. Not only ____39____(do) singing help increase your lung capacity, but it helps stimulate circulation. This can lead to better results when people hit the gym thanks to the person’s increased aerobic(有氧的) capacity and newfound physical or mental strength.
The simple truth is that singing makes you happy. It releases endorphins(内啡肽), a chemical _____40_____ reduces pain and makes you feel _____41_____(happy) and less stressed. People who sing, especially in choirs and on the stage are known to have better social skills and be loss lonely. _____42_____(stand) on the stage and performing can be tough, _____43_____ when you do it in a group, it can help improve your sense of self as well as increase your _____44_____(confident).
四、词形变化(共10个空，每空1.25分，满分1-2.5分)
用括号里单词的适当形式填空。
45. She put all her __________ (energy) into her work.(所给词的适当形式填空)
46. The public kept __________ (complain) about the increase in the cost of health insurance. (所给词的适当形式填空)
47. The room still has many of its _________ (origin) features. (所给词的适当形式填空)
48. Over the next several________(decade), she held many important positions. (所给词的适当形式填空)
49. The legendary Dragon Gate was built using __________ (material) donated from China. (所给词的适当形式填空)
50. Tokyo and New York are major ________ (finance) centres.（用所给词的适当形式填空）
51. In recent years, they __________ (reflect) people’s wishes and faiths. (所给词的适当形式填空)
52. I __________ (absolute) enjoyed the archery, too. (所给词的适当形式填空)
53. The exact __________ (location) are being kept secret for reasons of security. (所给词的适当形式填空)
54. With great enthusiasm, he talked about how he found the animals and __________ (approach) them. (所给词的适当形式填空)
五、写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
55. 假定你是李华，你的笔友Tom来信和你讨论他对太空探索的看法，他认为花巨资探索太空是没有必要的，请你据此给他写一封回信。内容包括：
(1)你对他观点的看法；
(2)你对太空探索的看法和理由。
注意：(1)词数80左右;
(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
(3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数
Dear Tom,
I have known your ideas about exploring space.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
56. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The easy way out isn't always easiest. I learned that lesson when I decided to treat my father to a special meal. I glanced through the cookbook and chose a menu which included homemade bread. Knowing the bread would take time, I started on it as soon as he left for work.
As I was not experienced in cooking, I thought if a dozen was good, two dozen would be better, so I doubled everything. As Dad loved oranges, I also opened a can of orange and poured it all into the bowl. Soon there was sticky dough (面团) covered with ugly yellowish marks. Realizing I had been defeated, I put the dough in the rubbish bin outside so I wouldn't have to face him laughing at my work.
I went on preparing the rest of the meal, and, when Dad got home, we sat down to Cornish chicken with rice. He tried to enjoy the meal but seemed disturbed. Twice he got up and went outside, saying he thought he heard a noise. The third time he left, I went to the windows to see what he was doing.
Looking out, I saw Dad standing about three feet from the rubbish bin, holding the lid up with a stick and looking into the container. When I came out of the house, he dropped the stick and explained that there was something alive in the rubbish bin. Picking up the stick again, he held the lid up enough for me to see. I felt cold. But I stepped closer and looked harder.
Without doubt it was my work. The hot sun had caused the dough to double in size and the. fermenting yeast (酵母) made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing. I had to admit what the "living thing" was and why it was there. I don't know who was more embarrassed by the whole thing, Dad or me.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My dad tapped me gently on the shoulder, and we went inside.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
At a party three months later, everyone wanted to try my bread.
新会区2023-2024学年高三上学期8月开学考试
英语科试题 答案解析
试卷满分150分(笔试部分130，上机听说20分)，笔试时间120分钟
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的班别、姓名、学号、考号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡相应位置上，写在本试卷上无效。
一、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
Laura encourages her two kids to make crafts and drawings from old bits of packaging. She began ____1____ her family’s waste when she moved house and decided that she would leave all single-use ____2____ behind.
“It’s cheaper and you know that the item will ____3____ being used instead of being set aside — so it’s just perfect! Each of us play a big ____4____ in taking care of the environment. It’s ____5____ to try to help rather than just keep complaining about the current situation.”
Any glass container is ____6____ and repurposed for something else. This means that the family only send a piece of ____7____ to landfill every two weeks on average. She tries not to buy any plastic at all, but when she does, she will get it ____8____ washed and recycled.
The family also grow their own tomatoes, lettuce, and some other vegetables in the garden, and have orange trees outdoors. Laura has also ____9____ herself in a community of friends who _____10_____ items with each other that they need, like furniture or plates.
She said, “We tried to use the minimum _____11_____ and take over some toys and baby equipment from friends and relatives. If we really had to _____12_____ anything, first we tried at the _____13_____ market.”
To help educate her kids, Laura takes them out on nature walks to the forest where they _____14_____ rubbish as they go. “They enjoy this _____15_____, because they know it’s better for the environment,” she said.
1. A. considering B. reducing C. analyzing D. dividing
2. A. pots B. handles C. items D. collections
3. A. continue B. stop C. fancy D. delay
4. A. game B. lead C. match D. role
5. A. original B. enjoyable C. cautious D. normal
6. A. attended to B. left out C. washed up D. taken away
7. A. equipment B. furniture C. glass D. rubbish
8. A. thoroughly B. delightedly C. modestly D. accidentally
9. A. devoted B. found C. exposed D. buried
10. A. share B. trade C. discuss D. clarify
11. A. necessary B. valuable C. ordinary D. possible
12. A. purchase B. discover C. approach D. preserve
13. A. far-away B. duty-free C. second-hand D. life-long
14. A. pull out B. pick up C. hold back D. keep off
15. A. activity B. idea C. theme D. jungle
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. B 11. D 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要通过讲述劳拉的一家身体力行，从小事做起，以教育孩子为先，来实现环保节能。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她搬家时，她开始减少家里的垃圾，并决定把所有的一次性物品都留下。A. considering考虑；B. reducing减少；C. analyzing分析；D. dividing分配，分开。根据上文“Laura encourages her two kids to make crafts and drawings from old bits of packaging.”可知，劳拉是一个很注意利用废弃物，变废为宝的人，所以这里指她不抛弃能够用的物品，减少垃圾即不制造垃圾，能够用的东西都用上。故选B。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意见第1题。A. pots罐、瓶、壶；B. handles柄、把手；C. items商品、物品；D. collections收藏品。根据上文“all single-use”和下文“It’s cheaper and you know that the item”可知，这里是指离开时留下所有一次性的物品的泛指，而不是指具体的某一件东西。故选C。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这很便宜，并且，你知道的，这些东西会被继续使用，而不是被搁置起来——所以这太完美了！A. continue继续；B. stop停止；C. fancy喜欢；D. delay推迟。根据下文“being used instead of being set aside”可知，这些东西会被循环利用以避免浪费。故选A。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们每个人在保护环境方面都扮演着重要的角色。A. game游戏；B. lead领导；C. match比赛；D. role角色。根据下文“It’s ____5____ to try to help rather than just keep complaining about the current situation.”可知，劳拉认为：在保护环境方面，人人有责任，故在她看来，我们每个人都能起作用，play a big role in“在……方面起重要作用”符合题意。故选D。
【5题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：试图帮助而不是一味抱怨现状是一件令人愉快的事。A. original独创的，新颖的；B. enjoyable令人愉悦的，使人高兴的；C. cautious小心的，谨慎的；D. normal正常的。根据下文“to try to help rather than just keep complaining about the current situation”可知，在劳拉看来，保护环境，爱护身边的环境是-种享受，是令人感到快乐的事情，而不是一种负担或其他的感受。故选B。
【6题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：所有的玻璃容器都被洗干净，用作其他用途。A. attended to照顾；B. left out遗漏；C. washed up洗干净；D. taken away带走。根据下文“repurposed for something else”可知，因为还要被再次利用，故应是先被清洗干净。故选C。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这意味着这家人平均每两周只送一袋垃圾到垃圾填埋场。A. equipment设备；B. furniture家具；C. glass玻璃；D. rubbish垃圾。根据下文“to landfill”可知，他们是送垃圾到垃圾填埋场。故选D。
【8题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她尽量不买任何塑料制品，但一旦买了，她会彻底清洗并回收。A. thoroughly彻底地；B. delightedly开心地；C. modestly低调地，适度地；D. accidentally碰巧地。根据这句话上下文描写可知，因为塑料制品污染严重，所以，当避免不了要买时，就应被彻底地清洗干净并循环利用。故选A。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：劳拉还总是和一群朋友在一起，他们互相交换他们需要的物品，比如家具或盘子。A. devoted奉献；B. found发现；C. exposed暴露；D. buried埋。根据下文“herself in a community of friends who ____10____ items with each other that they need”可知，劳拉经常参加这样的活动。find oneself... 是一个固定用法，意即“发现自己处在某种状态；不知不觉的……”。故选B。
【10题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第9题详解。A. share分享；B. trade贸易，交易；C. discuss讨论；D. clarify澄清。根据下文“with each other that they need”可知，这里指互换以至不浪费。故选B。
【11题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们尽可能的少用，还从亲戚朋友那里接手了一些玩具和婴儿用品。A. necessary必要的；B. valuable有价值的；C. ordinary普通的；D. possible可能的。根据上文“minimum”可知，劳拉是尽可能的少用。句中minimum是动词use的宾语，而possible是其后置定语，possible的意思是“（尽）可能的（最少量的）”，故选D。
【12题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们真的需要购买任何东西，首先我们会在二手市场尝试。A. purchase购买；B. discover发现；C. approach接近；D. preserve保存。根据下文“first we tried at the ____13____ market”可知，去市场是要购买一些东西。这是与上文一物多次利用和与他人交换使用相对应的行为，即：不得不购买时。故选A。
【13题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见第12题详解。A. far-away遥远的；B. duty-free免税的；C. second-hand二手的；D. life-long终身的。根据上文“Laura has also ____9____ herself in a community of friends who ____10____ items with each other that they need, like furniture or plates.”和“We tried to use the ____11____ and take over some toys and baby equipment from friends and relatives.”可知，劳拉是很节俭的人，所以为了节省，去二手市场当然更符合情理，故选C。
【14题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了更好地教育孩子，劳拉带他们去森林里散步，在那里他们一边走一边捡垃圾。A. pull out驶出，摆脱困境；B. pick up捡起；C. hold back控制，抑制；D. keep off不靠近，远离。根据上文“To help educate her kids, Laura takes them out on nature walks to the forest”可知，劳拉他们这样做是为了教育孩子们，所以应该是在森林里捡垃圾。故选B。
【15题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们喜欢这项活动，因为他们知道这对环境更好。A. activity活动；B. idea想法；C. theme主题；D. jungle丛林。根据上文“To help educate her kids, Laura takes them out on nature walks to the forest where they ____14____ rubbish as they go.”可知，这里指的是劳拉带他们去森林里散步并一起捡垃圾这个活动。故选A。
二、阅读理解(共两节，满分47.5分)
第一节 阅读理解(共14小题;每小题2.5分，满分35分)
A
Rachel Hore’s fascinating novels move between the past and the present. Her latest The House on Bellevue Gardens is set in London now and in the early 1960s.
Best-selling author Rachel Hore’s previous novels include The Glass Painter’s Daughter, which was shortlisted(入围) for the 2010 Romantic Novel of the Year award, and A Gathering Storm, which was shortlisted for the 2012 Historical Novel of the Year award.
Here, she shares three books that made an impact on her life.
Orlando
by Virginia Woolf
Reading Orlando for the first time in my late teens gave me a wonderful sense of freedom and the possibilities that a life full of books can offer. Forever young, Orlando possesses “the strength of a man and a woman’s grace”.
He lives through four centuries and has many disguises; sometimes he even changes his gender.
It was an excellent literary work through history that excited and inspired me.
Flight Behaviour
by Barbara Kingsolver
I’ve read many of Barbara Kingsolver’s novels, including her well-known The Poisonwood Bible, admiring how easily she writes about the power and beauty of the natural world, of which humanity is a dependent part.
I particularly love Flight Behaviour because she engages the reader easily with an ambitious subject for fiction — climate change
Her story makes us all care about what we are doing to our world.
The Hawk in the Rain
by Ted Hughes
We were given The Thought Fox to read at school and I was so deeply impressed with its central image of the fox in the snow inspiring the poem that I spent that week’s money on the book it appears in. I read and re-read it and was amazed!
I loved the writer’s technique of description, as well as the energy, the violence and the sensuousness (敏感) of those poems.
Everyone should have their ‘discovery of poetry’ moment, and mine was Ted Hughes.
16. Which of the following books was shortlisted for the 2012 Historical Novel of the Year award
A. The House on Bellevue Gardens. B. The Glass Painter’s Daughter.
C. A Gathering Storm. D. Flight Behaviour.
17. Which book did Rachel Hore read when she was in her late teens
A. Flight Behaviour. B. Orlando.
C. The Poisonwood Bible. D. The Hawk in the Rain.
18. For what does Rachel Hore admire Barbara Kingsolver
A. The topic of her novel.
B. How she writes about the power and beauty of the natural world.
C. How her novels excite and inspire readers.
D. Her technique of description.
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了对畅销书作家Rachel Hore的生活产生影响的三本书，介绍了作者以及Rachel Hore的阅读体会。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Best-selling author Rachel Hore’s previous novels include The Glass Painter’s Daughter, which was shortlisted(入围) for the 2010 Romantic Novel of the Year award, and A Gathering Storm, which was shortlisted for the 2012 Historical Novel of the Year award.”可知畅销作家Rachel Hore之前的小说包括入围2010年度浪漫小说奖的The Glass Painter’s Daughter，以及入围2012年度历史小说奖的A Gathering Storm。由此可知，A Gathering Storm入围了2012年度历史小说的提名。故选C。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据Orlando部分中“Reading Orlando for the first time in my late teens gave me a wonderful sense of freedom and the possibilities that a life full of books can offer. (十几岁时第一次读到《奥兰多》，让我感受到了自由的美好，也感受到了充满书香的生活所能带来的可能性)”由此可知，Rachel Hore在十几岁的时候读过Orlando这本书。故选B。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据Flight Behaviour部分中“I’ve read many of Barbara Kingsolver’s novels, including her well-known The Poisonwood Bible, admiring how easily she writes about the power and beauty of the natural world, of which humanity is a dependent part.(我读过Barbara Kingsolver的很多小说，包括她著名的《毒木圣经》，很欣赏她如此轻松地描写了自然世界的力量和美丽，而人性是其中不可或缺的一部分)”由此可知，Rachel Hore因为Barbara Kingsolver描写自然世界的力量和美丽的方式而崇拜她。故选B。
B
When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”
19. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs
A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.
20. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks
A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem.
C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine.
21. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou
A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea.
C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.
22. What is the basis for John’s work
A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive.
C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.
【答案】19. C 20. D 21. B 22. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John Todd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. (当约翰·托德还是个孩子时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals (在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, John added the sludge. (几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. (他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. (这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair. (你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。
C
Improvements to energy efficiency, such as LED lights, are seen by many authorities as a top priority for cutting carbon emissions. Yet a growing body of research suggests that a rebound effect could wipe out more than half of the savings from energy efficiency improvements, making the goals of the Paris Agreement on climate change even harder to hit.
A team led by Paul Brockway at the University of Leeds, UK, looked at the existing 33 studies on the impact of the rebound effect. First comes the direct rebound: for instance, when someone buys a more efficient car, they may take advantage of that by driving it further. Then comes the indirect rebound: fuel savings leave the owner with more money to spend elsewhere in the economy, consuming energy.
Although the 33 studies used different methods to model the rebound effect, they produced very consistent estimates of its impact, leading the team to conclude that the effect wipes out, on average, 63 percent of the anticipated energy savings.
“We’re not saying energy efficiency doesn’t work. What we’re saying is rebound needs to be taken more seriously,” says Brockway.
The idea that increased efficiency may not deliver the hoped-for savings dates back to the Jevons paradox(悖论), named after the economist William Stanley Jevons, who, in 1865, observed that more efficient coal use led to more demand for coal.
If the rebound effect does prove to be as big as suggested, it means future global energy demand will be higher than expected and the world will need far more wind and solar power and carbon-capture technology than is currently being planned for.
But that doesn’t mean nothing can be done to limit the rebound effect. One answer is to double down on energy efficiency and do twice as much to achieve the same effect.
23. Which of the following is a rebound effect
A. A man uses LED lights to cut carbon emissions.
B. A company uses coal more efficiently to reduce waste.
C. A family saves money by using energy-saving devices.
D. A lady spends savings from her fuel efficient car on more clothes.
24. How did Paul Brockway’s team carry out their research
A. By interviewing economists.
B. By analyzing former studies.
C. By modeling the rebound effect.
D. By debating about the Jevons paradox.
25. What would Paul Brockway probably agree with
A. Authorities should dismiss energy efficiency.
B. Worldwide efforts to preserve energy are in vain.
C. The rebound effect helps protect the environment.
D. More attention should be paid to the rebound effect.
【答案】23. D 24. B 25. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由提高能源效率所带来的反弹效应可能使其节省的资金大大缩减，并指出人们应采取任何措施来限制反弹效应。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Then comes the indirect rebound: fuel savings leave the owner with more money to spend elsewhere in the economy, consuming energy.（然后是间接反弹：节省的燃料使车主有更多的钱花在其他经济领域，消耗能源。）”可知，间接反弹指节省的燃料使车主有更多的钱花在其他经济领域，消耗能源。D项“女士把省油汽车节省的钱花在买更多的衣服上。”就是把省下来的钱花在其他经济领域（服装领域）上，符合间接反弹效应。故选D项。
24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Although the 33 studies used different methods to model the rebound effect,（尽管这33项研究使用了不同的方法来模拟反弹效应，）”中的model the rebound effect可知，研究团队是通过模拟反弹效应进行他们的研究的。故选B项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段““We're not saying energy efficiency doesn't work. What we're saying is rebound needs to be taken more seriously,” says Brockway.（Brockway说：“我们并不是说能源效率不起作用，我们的意思是需要更加认真地对待经济反弹。”）”中的be taken more seriously可知，Brockway认为应该更加关注反弹效应。故选D项。
D
Video calls are a common occurrence, but have you imagined being able to touch the person on the other end of the line Scientists are making this a reality.
Researchers at the University of New South Wales, Australia, have invented a soft skin stretch device (SSD), a haptic (触觉的) device that can recreate the sense of touch. Haptic technology mimics (模仿) the experience of touch by stimulating small areas of the skin in ways that are similar to what is felt in the real world, through force, vibration (震动) or motion.
Vibration is the most common haptic technology today and has been built into many electronic devices such as one attached to the back of a trackpad (触控板) in laptops, which mimics a button clicking. However, haptic feedback with vibration becomes less sensitive when used continuously. The existing technology also has great difficulty recreating the sense of touch with objects in virtual environments or located remotely, according to Mai Thanh Thai, lead author of the study.
The new technology overcomes issues with existing haptic devices. The research team introduced a novel method to recreate the sense of touch through soft, artificial “muscles”.
“Our three-way directional skin stretch device, built into the fingertips of the wearable haptic glove we also created, is like wearing a second skin — it’s soft, stretchable and mimics the sense of touch — and will enable new forms of haptic communication to enhance everyday activities,” said Thanh Nho Do, senior author of the study.
It works like this: Imagine you are at home and you call your friend who is in Australia. You wear a haptic glove with the SSDs and your friend also wears a glove with integrated (集成) 3D force sensors. If your friend picks up an object, it will physically press against your friend’s fingers. And his/her glove with 3D force sensors will measure these interactions. The force signals can be sent to your glove so your device will generate the same 3D forces, making you experience the same sense of touch as your friend.
The haptic devices could be applied in various scenarios, allowing users to feel objects inside a virtual world or at a distance. This could be especially beneficial during such times like the COVID-19 pandemic when people rely on video calls to stay connected with loved ones. Or it could be used in medical practices. Doctors can feel a patient’s organ tissues with surgical tools without touching them.
26. What’s the main purpose of the text
A. To encourage the use of a new product.
B. To inform readers of a new invention.
C. To compare different haptic devices.
D. To introduce the development of haptic technology.
27. What can we learn about the SSD
A. It mimics the sense of touch through a trackpad.
B. It mainly uses vibration technology.
C. It takes the shape of a glove.
D. It makes virtual haptic communication possible.
28. What does Paragraph 6 mainly talk about
A. The advantages of the new haptic glove.
B. The applications of the new haptic technology.
C. An explanation of how the haptic device works.
D. A personal experience of using SSDs during a video call.
29. How could the new haptic device benefit people
A. It could replace video calls as a way to communicate.
B. it could be used for recreating organ tissues.
C. Doctors could perform surgeries at once.
D. Users could feel remote objects in a realistic way.
【答案】26. B 27. D 28. C 29. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家正在使视频通话能够触碰到电话另一端的人成为现实。这一项技术将会利用在方方面面，造福于人类。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。第二段第一句“Researchers at the University of New South Wales, Australia, have invented a soft skin stretch device (SSD), a haptic (触觉的) device that can recreate the sense of touch.”提到，澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的研究人员发明了一种柔软皮肤拉伸设备，这是一种可以重现触觉的触觉设备，下文讲述了该设备的工作原理和应用，所以本文的目的是介绍一项发明。故选B项。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Scientists are making this a reality.”及第二段第一句“Researchers at the University of New South Wales, Australia, have invented a soft skin stretch device (SSD), a haptic(触觉的) device that can recreate the sense of touch.(澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的研究人员发明了一种柔软皮肤拉伸设备(SSD)，这是一种可以重现触觉的触觉设备。)”可知，SSD可使虚拟触觉通信成为可能。故选D项。
【28题详解】
段落大意题。根据第六段中“It works like this:”可知，这段主要是解释触觉设备的工作原理。故选C项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句“The haptic devices could be applied in various scenarios, allowing users to feel objects inside a virtual world or at a distance.”可知，触觉设备可以应用在各种场景中，允许用户感受虚拟世界中的物体或者远距离的物体。故选D项。
第二节 七选五(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Choosing a career is one of those important decisions that can change the course of your life.____30____ Ample information and self-examination can help you choose a satisfying career that you will enjoy for years to come. If you feel confused about picking a career, you're not alone. We're here to help!
Evaluate your work style. The right career for you will be suited to your work style. Do you need the discipline of a structured work environment to do your best ____31____ There are, of course, other factors that affect your job performance. But, your natural work style plays a big role.
Identify your skills. Every career requires a different skill set. Sales managers need great leadership skills, and teachers need to be able to communicate effectively with both students and parents.____32____List every talent and skill you have, even if it doesn't seem like it will help you get a job.
____33____ What do you want out of a career Do you want to help other people Do you want to travel How much money do you want to make Of course, what you want to achieve often changes over time, and things that were once extremely important become less so.
Remember that things can change. There are a million "Best Careers" lists out there that will say you should have a certain career because you will make a certain amount of money with it. ____34____ There might be a lot of demand for a job now, but what about in 10 years Don't choose a job just because it's number one on a list somewhere. Things can change over time, and the job that was once number one might end up not even making the list a few years from now.
A. Determine your goals.
B. It deserves considerable time and reflection.
C. Take some time to figure out what you're good at.
D. Ask questions about the advantages and disadvantages of the job.
E. Or do you like setting your own schedule and work independently
F. However, there's no way to totally guarantee job security and stability.
G. Are you willing and able to put in that time and the money that comes with it
【答案】30. B 31. E 32. C 33. A 34. F
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。择业是能够改变你人生轨迹的重要决定之一。文章就如何择业提出了几点建议。
【30题详解】
根据前文“Choosing a career is one of those important decisions that can change the course of your life.”（择业是能够改变你人生轨迹的重要决定之一。）可知，此处是讲择业非常重要，根据后文“Ample information and self-examination can help you choose a satisfying career that you will enjoy for years to come.”（充足的信息和自我测试可以帮助你选择一个令人满意的职业，而且你会在未来的几年里享受它。）可知，择业需要充足的信息和自我测试，也就是需要大量的时间和思考，所以选项B（它值得我们花大量的时间和思考。）切合文意。故选B。
【31题详解】
根据前文“Evaluate your work style.”（评估你的工作风格。）可知，此处是讲评估你的工作风格和倾向，选项E（还是喜欢自己安排时间，独立工作？）切合文意，且和前文句式相同。故选E。
【32题详解】
根据前文“Identify your skills.”（识别你的技能。）可知，此处是讲弄清楚自己的技能，所以选项C（花点时间想想自己擅长什么。）切合文意。故选C。
【33题详解】
根据后文“Of course, what you want to achieve often changes over time, and things that were once extremely important become less so.”（当然，你想要达到的目标往往会随着时间的推移而改变，曾经非常重要的事情也变得不那么重要了。）可知，此处是指在事业上想要达到的目标，所以选项A（确定你的目标。）切合文意。故选A。
【34题详解】
根据后文“Things can change over time, and the job that was once number one might end up not even making the list a few years from now.”（随着时间的推移，事情可能会发生变化，曾经排在第一位的工作可能在几年后甚至不会出现在榜单上。）可知，此处是指工作并不完全具有保障和稳定性，所以选项F（然而，没有办法完全保证工作的安全性和稳定性。）切合文意。故选F。
三、语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Singing is one of those universal actions that everyone can do for fun, regardless of how they sound. According to recent studies _____35_____(conduct) at Goethe University Frankfurt, s nging can be actually helpful to your immune system. The study focused _____36_____ a group of people who sang in a professional choir and discovered that the amount of proteins in the blood that function as antibodies(抗体) was _____37_____(obvious) higher after singing, so people involved in music could be less likely _____38_____(get) sick.
Singing actually is the perfect physical exercise for people who are injured, disabled or elderly. Not only ____39____(do) singing help increase your lung capacity, but it helps stimulate circulation. This can lead to better results when people hit the gym thanks to the person’s increased aerobic(有氧的) capacity and newfound physical or mental strength.
The simple truth is that singing makes you happy. It releases endorphins(内啡肽), a chemical _____40_____ reduces pain and makes you feel _____41_____(happy) and less stressed. People who sing, especially in choirs and on the stage are known to have better social skills and be loss lonely. _____42_____(stand) on the stage and performing can be tough, _____43_____ when you do it in a group, it can help improve your sense of self as well as increase your _____44_____(confident).
【答案】35. conducted
36. on##upon
37. obviously
38. to get 39. does
40. which##that
41. happier
42. Standing
43. but 44. confidence
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了唱歌可以给人带来非常多的益处，并进行了具体说明。
【35题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：根据法兰克福歌德大学最近进行的研究，唱歌实际上可以帮助你的免疫系统。分析句子可知，“(conduct) at Goethe University Frankfurt”在句中为后置定语，修饰名词“studies”，动词“conduct”与名词“studies”为动宾关系，所以此处用过去分词conducted，表示被动，故填conducted。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：这项研究集中在一组在专业合唱团唱歌的人身上，发现唱歌后血液中作为抗体的蛋白质含量明显更高，所以参与音乐的人不太可能生病。短语：focus on/upon“集中于，关注”，为固定结构，结合句中英语提示和句意，故填on/upon。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：这项研究集中在一组在专业合唱团唱歌的人身上，发现唱歌后血液中作为抗体的蛋白质含量明显更高，所以参与音乐的人不太可能生病。空处在句中为状语，修饰形容词“higher”，所以此处用副词obviously，故填obviously。
【38题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：这项研究集中在一组在专业合唱团唱歌的人身上，发现唱歌后血液中作为抗体的蛋白质含量明显更高，所以参与音乐的人不太可能生病。固定短语：be likely to do“可能做某事”，结合句中英语提示，故填to get。
【39题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：唱歌不仅有助于增加肺活量，还有助于刺激血液循环。本句是由not only置于句首引起的部分倒装句，空处应用助动词，其主语“singing”，为第三人称单数，结合“helps”可知，时态为一般现在时，因此空处用单三，故填does。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它会释放内啡肽，这是一种减少疼痛的化学物质，让你感觉更快乐，并减少压力。分析句子可知，空处及其后的内容为定语从句，先行词为“a chemical”，在从句中作主语，所以空处用关系代词which/that，故填which/that。
【41题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意同上。根据句中“and less stressed”可知，空处用比较级happier，作表语，与“less stressed”并列，故填happier。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：站在舞台上表演可能会很艰难，但当你在一群人中间表演时，它可以帮助你提高自我意识，增加你的自信。根据句中“and performing”可知，空处用动名词standing，与“performing”并列，作句子的主语，处于句首，所以首字母大写。故填Standing。
【43题详解】
考查连词。句意：站在舞台上表演可能会很艰难，但当你在一群人中间表演时，它可以帮助你提高自我意识，增加你的自信。分析句子可知，结合句中“ (stand) on the stage and performing can be tough”及“ it can help improve your sense of self as well as increase”可知，前半句讲述站在舞台表演有困难，后半句提到了唱歌的好处，所以空处及后文与前文为转折关系，故填but。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：站在舞台上表演可能会很艰难，但当你在一群人中间表演时，它可以帮助你提高自我意识，增加你的自信。空处在句中为宾语，结合空前“your”可知，此处用名词confidence，为不可数名词。故填confidence。
四、词形变化(共10个空，每空1.25分，满分1-2.5分)
用括号里单词的适当形式填空。
45. She put all her __________ (energy) into her work.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】energies
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她把全部精力都投入到工作中。分析句子可知，空处在句中作put的宾语，所以应用名词energy，且空前有all修饰，energy“精力；力量”为可数名词，需用复数形式。故填energies。
46. The public kept __________ (complain) about the increase in the cost of health insurance. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】complaining
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：公众一直在抱怨医疗保险费用的增加。分析句子可知，此处是固定短语keep doing sth.，意为“不停地做某事”。故填complaining。
47. The room still has many of its _________ (origin) features. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】original
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个房间有很多新颖的特点。此处用形容词修饰名词作表语，original意为“新颖的”，故填original。
48. Over the next several________(decade), she held many important positions. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】decades
【解析】
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：在接下来的几十年里，她担任了许多重要职务。decade是可数名词，由several修饰，用名词复数形式。故填decades。
49. The legendary Dragon Gate was built using __________ (material) donated from China. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】materials
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：传说中的龙门是用中国捐赠的材料建造的。动词using后接名词作宾语。名词material为可数名词，其前没有冠词，为泛指，所以用复数形式。根据中英文提示及句意，故填materials。
50. Tokyo and New York are major ________ (finance) centres.（用所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】financial
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：东京和纽约是主要的金融中心。根据空格后的名词centres可知，空格处应填形容词作定语，根据句意“金融的”是financial。故填financial。
51. In recent years, they __________ (reflect) people’s wishes and faiths. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】have reflected
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：近年来，他们表达了人民的愿望和信仰。空处在句中为谓语，结合句中“In recent years”可知，空处的时态应为现在完成时；主语“they”为复数，所以助动词用have，故填have reflected。
52. I __________ (absolute) enjoyed the archery, too. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】absolutely
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：我确实也喜欢射箭。空格处修饰动词enjoyed，作状语，应用副词形式。故填absolutely。
53. The exact __________ (location) are being kept secret for reasons of security. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】locations
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：为了安全起见，具体地点保密。形容词exact后接名词形式，在句中作主语。根据谓语动词are可知，用名词的复数形式， 故填locations 。
54. With great enthusiasm, he talked about how he found the animals and __________ (approach) them. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】approached
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：他满怀热情地讲述了他是如何发现这些动物并走近它们的。分析句子结构，这是一个包含宾语从句的复合句，“how he found the animals and __________ (approach) them.”在句子中做介词about的宾语，根据从句的并列连词and可知空白处表示的是一个发生在过去的动作，从句谓语动词均使用一般过去时，故填approached。
五、写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
55. 假定你是李华，你的笔友Tom来信和你讨论他对太空探索的看法，他认为花巨资探索太空是没有必要的，请你据此给他写一封回信。内容包括：
(1)你对他的观点的看法；
(2)你对太空探索的看法和理由。
注意：(1)词数80左右;
(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
(3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
I have known your ideas about exploring space.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tom,
I have known your ideas about exploring space. I didn’t agree that exploring space is a waste of time and money. Actually, it’s more important than you can imagine.
The space technology can help to improve the techniques in other fields. With the help of satellites, GPS is widely used all over the world. Besides, space technology represents a country’s scientific and technological level. Last but not least, exploring space helps us to think the future of mankind.
In short, exploring space is so important that we should continue this great project.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给笔友Tom写一封回信，讨论自己对太空探索的看法。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
重要的：important → significant
帮助：help → assist
领域，方面：field → aspect
广泛地：widely → diffusely
2. 句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：With the help of satellites, GPS is widely used all over the world.
拓展句：It is with the help of satellites that GPS is widely used all over the world.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
Last but not least, exploring space helps us to think the future of mankind.（运用了动名词作主语）
【高分句型2】
In short, exploring space is so important that we should continue this great project.（运用了动名词作主语和so...that...的句型）
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
56. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The easy way out isn't always easiest. I learned that lesson when I decided to treat my father to a special meal. I glanced through the cookbook and chose a menu which included homemade bread. Knowing the bread would take time, I started on it as soon as he left for work.
As I was not experienced in cooking, I thought if a dozen was good, two dozen would be better, so I doubled everything. As Dad loved oranges, I also opened a can of orange and poured it all into the bowl. Soon there was sticky dough (面团) covered with ugly yellowish marks. Realizing I had been defeated, I put the dough in the rubbish bin outside so I wouldn't have to face him laughing at my work.
I went on preparing the rest of the meal, and, when Dad got home, we sat down to Cornish chicken with rice. He tried to enjoy the meal but seemed disturbed. Twice he got up and went outside, saying he thought he heard a noise. The third time he left, I went to the windows to see what he was doing.
Looking out, I saw Dad standing about three feet from the rubbish bin, holding the lid up with a stick and looking into the container. When I came out of the house, he dropped the stick and explained that there was something alive in the rubbish bin. Picking up the stick again, he held the lid up enough for me to see. I felt cold. But I stepped closer and looked harder.
Without doubt it was my work. The hot sun had caused the dough to double in size and the. fermenting yeast (酵母) made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing. I had to admit what the "living thing" was and why it was there. I don't know who was more embarrassed by the whole thing, Dad or me.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My dad tapped me gently on the shoulder, and we went inside.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
At a party three months later, everyone wanted to try my bread.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
My dad tapped me gently on the shoulder, and we went inside. Sitting back to our Cornish chicken, Dad, smilingly, updated me on recent events at his work without a mere mention of the crazy dough wildly dancing outside, which served wonderfully as a gentle embarrassment reliever. However, while doing the dishes after dinner, Dad said to me with firmness in his voice, "You don't have to be an expert to make bread, but you do have to do your research before taking actions. There is no such thing as an easy way out." And that was the starting point of my journey with making the perfect bread.
At a party three months later, everyone wanted to try my bread. The rest of the night slipped away, filled with inquiries about my secret recipe. Yet, hardly was there a different answer other than, "Beauty comes from balance and patience." To be frank, that was exactly what I'd learnt during my numerous experiments. An amazing loaf of bread required suitable balance of ingredients to mix as well as enormous patience of waiting for the dough to rise. Countless were my failures to make tasty bread, every single moment of it was cherished. Along the journey, I've developed from the man whose dough sighs in a dustbin to the man whose bread makes your taste but dance.
【解析】
【分析】本文以时间为顺序，以第一人称“我”的叙事角度，讲述了我想要为父亲制作特殊的一餐——自制面包。但由于缺乏提前准备和经验耐心，计划宣告失败，我把酵母面团丢进了垃圾桶，以免父亲知道后笑话我。谁知道酵母面团在阳光下持续发酵，表面震动和“呼吸”的模样像极了垃圾桶里有活物，以至于父亲在吃饭时一直惴惴不安，三番五次想要探寻究竟，最终我让真相大白后，场面有些尴尬。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“爸爸轻轻地拍了拍我的肩膀，我们走了进去。”可知，第一段可讲述爸爸缓解尴尬，鼓励或者教导我的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“三个月后的一次聚会上，每个人都想尝尝我的面包。”可知，第二段可描写我成功的过程或喜悦，讲述这一探索过程的感悟和经验。
2.续写线索：轻拍肩膀——缓解尴尬——教导鼓励——制作成功——快乐喜悦
英语科试题
试卷满分150分(笔试部分130，上机听说20分)，笔试时间120分钟
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的班别、姓名、学号、考号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡相应位置上，写在本试卷上无效。
一、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
Laura encourages her two kids to make crafts and drawings from old bits of packaging. She began ____1____ her family’s waste when she moved house and decided that she would leave all single-use ____2____ behind.
“It’s cheaper and you know that the item will ____3____ being used instead of being set aside — so it’s just perfect! Each of us play a big ____4____ in taking care of the environment. It’s ____5____ to try to help rather than just keep complaining about the current situation.”
Any glass container is ____6____ and repurposed for something else. This means that the family only send a piece of ____7____ to landfill every two weeks on average. She tries not to buy any plastic at all, but when she does, she will get it ____8____ washed and recycled.
The family also grow their own tomatoes, lettuce, and some other vegetables in the garden, and have orange trees outdoors. Laura has also ____9____ herself in a community of friends who _____10_____ items with each other that they need, like furniture or plates.
She said, “We tried to use the minimum _____11_____ and take over some toys and baby equipment from friends and relatives. If we really had to _____12_____ anything, first we tried at the _____13_____ market.”
To help educate her kids, Laura takes them out on nature walks to the forest where they _____14_____ rubbish as they go. “They enjoy this _____15_____, because they know it’s better for the environment,” she said.
1. A. considering B. reducing C. analyzing D. dividing
2. A. pots B. handles C. items D. collections
3. A. continue B. stop C. fancy D. delay
4. A. game B. lead C. match D. role
5. A. original B. enjoyable C. cautious D. normal
6. A. attended to B. left out C. washed up D. taken away
7. A. equipment B. furniture C. glass D. rubbish
8. A. thoroughly B. delightedly C. modestly D. accidentally
9. A. devoted B. found C. exposed D. buried
10. A. share B. trade C. discuss D. clarify
11. A. necessary B. valuable C. ordinary D. possible
12 A. purchase B. discover C. approach D. preserve
13. A. far-away B. duty-free C. second-hand D. life-long
14. A. pull out B. pick up C. hold back D. keep off
15. A. activity B. idea C. theme D. jungle
二、阅读理解(共两节，满分47.5分)
第一节 阅读理解(共14小题;每小题2.5分，满分35分)
A
Rachel Hore’s fascinating novels move between the past and the present. Her latest The House on Bellevue Gardens is set in London now and in the early 1960s.
Best-selling author Rachel Hore’s previous novels include The Glass Painter’s Daughter, which was shortlisted(入围) for the 2010 Romantic Novel of the Year award, and A Gathering Storm, which was shortlisted for the 2012 Historical Novel of the Year award.
Here, she shares three books that made an impact on her life.
Orlando
by Virginia Woolf
Reading Orlando for the first time in my late teens gave me a wonderful sense of freedom and the possibilities that a life full of books can offer. Forever young Orlando possesses “the strength of a man and a woman’s grace”.
He lives through four centuries and has many disguises; sometimes he even changes his gender.
It was an excellent literary work through history that excited and inspired me.
Flight Behaviour
by Barbara Kingsolver
I’ve read many of Barbara Kingsolver’s novels, including her well-known The Poisonwood Bible, admiring how easily she writes about the power and beauty of the natural world, of which humanity is a dependent part.
I particularly love Flight Behaviour because she engages the reader easily with an ambitious subject for fiction — climate change.
Her story makes us all care about what we are doing to our world.
The Hawk in the Rain
by Ted Hughes
We were given The Thought Fox to read at school and I was so deeply impressed with its central image of the fox in the snow inspiring the poem that I spent that week’s money on the book it appears in. I read and re-read it and was amazed!
I loved the writer’s technique of description, as well as the energy, the violence and the sensuousness (敏感) of those poems.
Everyone should have their ‘discovery of poetry’ moment, and mine was Ted Hughes.
16. Which of the following books was shortlisted for the 2012 Historical Novel of the Year award
A. The House on Bellevue Gardens. B. The Glass Painter’s Daughter.
C. A Gathering Storm. D. Flight Behaviour.
17. Which book did Rachel Hore read when she was in her late teens
A. Flight Behaviour. B. Orlando.
C The Poisonwood Bible. D. The Hawk in the Rain.
18. For what does Rachel Hore admire Barbara Kingsolver
A. The topic of her novel.
B. How she writes about the power and beauty of the natural world.
C. How her novels excite and inspire readers.
D. Her technique of description.
B
When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”
19. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs
A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.
20. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks
A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem.
C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine.
21. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou
A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea.
C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.
22. What is the basis for John’s work
A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive.
C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.
C
Improvements to energy efficiency, such as LED lights, are seen by many authorities as a top priority for cutting carbon emissions. Yet a growing body of research suggests that a rebound effect could wipe out more than half of the savings from energy efficiency improvements, making the goals of the Paris Agreement on climate change even harder to hit.
A team led by Paul Brockway at the University of Leeds, UK, looked at the existing 33 studies on the impact of the rebound effect. First comes the direct rebound: for instance, when someone buys a more efficient car, they may take advantage of that by driving it further. Then comes the indirect rebound: fuel savings leave the owner with more money to spend elsewhere in the economy, consuming energy.
Although the 33 studies used different methods to model the rebound effect, they produced very consistent estimates of its impact, leading the team to conclude that the effect wipes out, on average, 63 percent of the anticipated energy savings.
“We’re not saying energy efficiency doesn’t work. What we’re saying is rebound needs to be taken more seriously,” says Brockway.
The idea that increased efficiency may not deliver the hoped-for savings dates back to the Jevons paradox(悖论), named after the economist William Stanley Jevons, who, in 1865, observed that more efficient coal use led to more demand for coal.
If the rebound effect does prove to be as big as suggested, it means future global energy demand will be higher than expected and the world will need far more wind and solar power and carbon-capture technology than is currently being planned for.
But that doesn’t mean nothing can be done to limit the rebound effect. One answer is to double down on energy efficiency and do twice as much to achieve the same effect.
23. Which of the following is a rebound effect
A. A man uses LED lights to cut carbon emissions.
B. A company uses coal more efficiently to reduce waste.
C. A family saves money by using energy-saving devices.
D. A lady spends savings from her fuel efficient car on more clothes.
24. How did Paul Brockway’s team carry out their research
A. By interviewing economists.
B. By analyzing former studies.
C. By modeling the rebound effect.
D. By debating about the Jevons paradox.
25. What would Paul Brockway probably agree with
A. Authorities should dismiss energy efficiency.
B. Worldwide efforts to preserve energy are in vain.
C. The rebound effect helps protect the environment.
D. More attention should be paid to the rebound effect.
D
Video calls are a common occurrence, but have you imagined being able to touch the person on the other end of the line Scientists are making this a reality.
Researchers at the University of New South Wales, Australia, have invented a soft skin stretch device (SSD), a haptic (触觉的) device that can recreate the sense of touch. Haptic technology mimics (模仿) the experience of touch by stimulating small areas of the skin in ways that are similar to what is felt in the real world, through force, vibration (震动) or motion.
Vibration is the most common haptic technology today and has been built into many electronic devices, such as one attached to the back of a trackpad (触控板) in laptops, which mimics a button clicking. However, haptic feedback with vibration becomes less sensitive when used continuously. The existing technology also has great difficulty recreating the sense of touch with objects in virtual environments or located remotely, according to Mai Thanh Thai, lead author of the study.
The new technology overcomes issues with existing haptic devices. The research team introduced a novel method to recreate the sense of touch through soft, artificial “muscles”.
“Our three-way directional skin stretch device, built into the fingertips of the wearable haptic glove we also created, is like wearing a second skin — it’s soft, stretchable and mimics the sense of touch — and will enable new forms of haptic communication to enhance everyday activities,” said Thanh Nho Do, senior author of the study.
It works like this: Imagine you are at home and you call your friend who is in Australia. You wear a haptic glove with the SSDs and your friend also wears a glove with integrated (集成的) 3D force sensors. If your friend picks up an object, it will physically press against your friend’s fingers. And his/her glove with 3D force sensors will measure these interactions. The force signals can be sent to your glove so your device will generate the same 3D forces, making you experience the same sense of touch as your friend.
The haptic devices could be applied in various scenarios, allowing users to feel objects inside a virtual world or at a distance. This could be especially beneficial during such times like the COVID-19 pandemic when people rely on video calls to stay connected with loved ones. Or it could be used in medical practices. Doctors can feel a patient’s organ tissues with surgical tools without touching them.
26. What’s the main purpose of the text
A. To encourage the use of a new product.
B. To inform readers of a new invention.
C. To compare different haptic devices.
D. To introduce the development of haptic technology.
27. What can we learn about the SSD
A. It mimics the sense of touch through a trackpad.
B. It mainly uses vibration technology.
C. It takes the shape of a glove.
D. It makes virtual haptic communication possible.
28. What does Paragraph 6 mainly talk about
A. The advantages of the new haptic glove.
B. The applications of the new haptic technology.
C. An explanation of how the haptic device works.
D. A personal experience of using SSDs during a video call.
29. How could the new haptic device benefit people
A. It could replace video calls as a way to communicate.
B. it could be used for recreating organ tissues.
C. Doctors could perform surgeries at once.
D. Users could feel remote objects in a realistic way.
第二节 七选五(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Choosing a career is one of those important decisions that can change the course of your life.____30____ Ample information and self-examination can help you choose a satisfying career that you will enjoy for years to come. If you feel confused about picking a career, you're not alone. We're here to help!
Evaluate your work style. The right career for you will be suited to your work style. Do you need the discipline of a structured work environment to do your best ____31____ There are, of course, other factors that affect your job performance. But, your natural work style plays a big role.
Identify your skills. Every career requires a different skill set. Sales managers need great leadership skills, and teachers need to be able to communicate effectively with both students and parents.____32____List every talent and skill you have, even if it doesn't seem like it will help you get a job.
____33____ What do you want out of a career Do you want to help other people Do you want to travel How much money do you want to make Of course, what you want to achieve often changes over time, and things that were once extremely important become less so.
Remember that things can change. There are a million "Best Careers" lists out there that will say you should have a certain career because you will make a certain amount of money with it. ____34____ There might be a lot of demand for a job now, but what about in 10 years Don't choose a job just because it's number one on a list somewhere. Things can change over time, and the job that was once number one might end up not even making the list a few years from now.
A. Determine your goals.
B. It deserves considerable time and reflection.
C. Take some time to figure out what you're good at.
D. Ask questions about the advantages and disadvantages of the job.
E. Or do you like setting your own schedule and work independently
F. However, there's no way to totally guarantee job security and stability.
G. Are you willing and able to put in that time and the money that comes with it
三、语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Singing is one of those universal actions that everyone can do for fun, regardless of how they sound. According to recent studies _____35_____(conduct) at Goethe University Frankfurt, s nging can be actually helpful to your immune system. The study focused _____36_____ a group of people who sang in a professional choir and discovered that the amount of proteins in the blood that function as antibodies(抗体) was _____37_____(obvious) higher after singing, so people involved in music could be less likely _____38_____(get) sick.
Singing actually is the perfect physical exercise for people who are injured, disabled or elderly. Not only ____39____(do) singing help increase your lung capacity, but it helps stimulate circulation. This can lead to better results when people hit the gym thanks to the person’s increased aerobic(有氧的) capacity and newfound physical or mental strength.
The simple truth is that singing makes you happy. It releases endorphins(内啡肽), a chemical _____40_____ reduces pain and makes you feel _____41_____(happy) and less stressed. People who sing, especially in choirs and on the stage are known to have better social skills and be loss lonely. _____42_____(stand) on the stage and performing can be tough, _____43_____ when you do it in a group, it can help improve your sense of self as well as increase your _____44_____(confident).
四、词形变化(共10个空，每空1.25分，满分1-2.5分)
用括号里单词的适当形式填空。
45. She put all her __________ (energy) into her work.(所给词的适当形式填空)
46. The public kept __________ (complain) about the increase in the cost of health insurance. (所给词的适当形式填空)
47. The room still has many of its _________ (origin) features. (所给词的适当形式填空)
48. Over the next several________(decade), she held many important positions. (所给词的适当形式填空)
49. The legendary Dragon Gate was built using __________ (material) donated from China. (所给词的适当形式填空)
50. Tokyo and New York are major ________ (finance) centres.（用所给词的适当形式填空）
51. In recent years, they __________ (reflect) people’s wishes and faiths. (所给词的适当形式填空)
52. I __________ (absolute) enjoyed the archery, too. (所给词的适当形式填空)
53. The exact __________ (location) are being kept secret for reasons of security. (所给词的适当形式填空)
54. With great enthusiasm, he talked about how he found the animals and __________ (approach) them. (所给词的适当形式填空)
五、写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
55. 假定你是李华，你的笔友Tom来信和你讨论他对太空探索的看法，他认为花巨资探索太空是没有必要的，请你据此给他写一封回信。内容包括：
(1)你对他观点的看法；
(2)你对太空探索的看法和理由。
注意：(1)词数80左右;
(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
(3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数
Dear Tom,
I have known your ideas about exploring space.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
56. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The easy way out isn't always easiest. I learned that lesson when I decided to treat my father to a special meal. I glanced through the cookbook and chose a menu which included homemade bread. Knowing the bread would take time, I started on it as soon as he left for work.
As I was not experienced in cooking, I thought if a dozen was good, two dozen would be better, so I doubled everything. As Dad loved oranges, I also opened a can of orange and poured it all into the bowl. Soon there was sticky dough (面团) covered with ugly yellowish marks. Realizing I had been defeated, I put the dough in the rubbish bin outside so I wouldn't have to face him laughing at my work.
I went on preparing the rest of the meal, and, when Dad got home, we sat down to Cornish chicken with rice. He tried to enjoy the meal but seemed disturbed. Twice he got up and went outside, saying he thought he heard a noise. The third time he left, I went to the windows to see what he was doing.
Looking out, I saw Dad standing about three feet from the rubbish bin, holding the lid up with a stick and looking into the container. When I came out of the house, he dropped the stick and explained that there was something alive in the rubbish bin. Picking up the stick again, he held the lid up enough for me to see. I felt cold. But I stepped closer and looked harder.
Without doubt it was my work. The hot sun had caused the dough to double in size and the. fermenting yeast (酵母) made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing. I had to admit what the "living thing" was and why it was there. I don't know who was more embarrassed by the whole thing, Dad or me.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My dad tapped me gently on the shoulder, and we went inside.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
At a party three months later, everyone wanted to try my bread.
新会区2023-2024学年高三上学期8月开学考试
英语科试题 答案解析
试卷满分150分(笔试部分130，上机听说20分)，笔试时间120分钟
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的班别、姓名、学号、考号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡相应位置上，写在本试卷上无效。
一、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
Laura encourages her two kids to make crafts and drawings from old bits of packaging. She began ____1____ her family’s waste when she moved house and decided that she would leave all single-use ____2____ behind.
“It’s cheaper and you know that the item will ____3____ being used instead of being set aside — so it’s just perfect! Each of us play a big ____4____ in taking care of the environment. It’s ____5____ to try to help rather than just keep complaining about the current situation.”
Any glass container is ____6____ and repurposed for something else. This means that the family only send a piece of ____7____ to landfill every two weeks on average. She tries not to buy any plastic at all, but when she does, she will get it ____8____ washed and recycled.
The family also grow their own tomatoes, lettuce, and some other vegetables in the garden, and have orange trees outdoors. Laura has also ____9____ herself in a community of friends who _____10_____ items with each other that they need, like furniture or plates.
She said, “We tried to use the minimum _____11_____ and take over some toys and baby equipment from friends and relatives. If we really had to _____12_____ anything, first we tried at the _____13_____ market.”
To help educate her kids, Laura takes them out on nature walks to the forest where they _____14_____ rubbish as they go. “They enjoy this _____15_____, because they know it’s better for the environment,” she said.
1. A. considering B. reducing C. analyzing D. dividing
2. A. pots B. handles C. items D. collections
3. A. continue B. stop C. fancy D. delay
4. A. game B. lead C. match D. role
5. A. original B. enjoyable C. cautious D. normal
6. A. attended to B. left out C. washed up D. taken away
7. A. equipment B. furniture C. glass D. rubbish
8. A. thoroughly B. delightedly C. modestly D. accidentally
9. A. devoted B. found C. exposed D. buried
10. A. share B. trade C. discuss D. clarify
11. A. necessary B. valuable C. ordinary D. possible
12. A. purchase B. discover C. approach D. preserve
13. A. far-away B. duty-free C. second-hand D. life-long
14. A. pull out B. pick up C. hold back D. keep off
15. A. activity B. idea C. theme D. jungle
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. B 11. D 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要通过讲述劳拉的一家身体力行，从小事做起，以教育孩子为先，来实现环保节能。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她搬家时，她开始减少家里的垃圾，并决定把所有的一次性物品都留下。A. considering考虑；B. reducing减少；C. analyzing分析；D. dividing分配，分开。根据上文“Laura encourages her two kids to make crafts and drawings from old bits of packaging.”可知，劳拉是一个很注意利用废弃物，变废为宝的人，所以这里指她不抛弃能够用的物品，减少垃圾即不制造垃圾，能够用的东西都用上。故选B。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意见第1题。A. pots罐、瓶、壶；B. handles柄、把手；C. items商品、物品；D. collections收藏品。根据上文“all single-use”和下文“It’s cheaper and you know that the item”可知，这里是指离开时留下所有一次性的物品的泛指，而不是指具体的某一件东西。故选C。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这很便宜，并且，你知道的，这些东西会被继续使用，而不是被搁置起来——所以这太完美了！A. continue继续；B. stop停止；C. fancy喜欢；D. delay推迟。根据下文“being used instead of being set aside”可知，这些东西会被循环利用以避免浪费。故选A。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们每个人在保护环境方面都扮演着重要的角色。A. game游戏；B. lead领导；C. match比赛；D. role角色。根据下文“It’s ____5____ to try to help rather than just keep complaining about the current situation.”可知，劳拉认为：在保护环境方面，人人有责任，故在她看来，我们每个人都能起作用，play a big role in“在……方面起重要作用”符合题意。故选D。
【5题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：试图帮助而不是一味抱怨现状是一件令人愉快的事。A. original独创的，新颖的；B. enjoyable令人愉悦的，使人高兴的；C. cautious小心的，谨慎的；D. normal正常的。根据下文“to try to help rather than just keep complaining about the current situation”可知，在劳拉看来，保护环境，爱护身边的环境是-种享受，是令人感到快乐的事情，而不是一种负担或其他的感受。故选B。
【6题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：所有的玻璃容器都被洗干净，用作其他用途。A. attended to照顾；B. left out遗漏；C. washed up洗干净；D. taken away带走。根据下文“repurposed for something else”可知，因为还要被再次利用，故应是先被清洗干净。故选C。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这意味着这家人平均每两周只送一袋垃圾到垃圾填埋场。A. equipment设备；B. furniture家具；C. glass玻璃；D. rubbish垃圾。根据下文“to landfill”可知，他们是送垃圾到垃圾填埋场。故选D。
【8题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她尽量不买任何塑料制品，但一旦买了，她会彻底清洗并回收。A. thoroughly彻底地；B. delightedly开心地；C. modestly低调地，适度地；D. accidentally碰巧地。根据这句话上下文描写可知，因为塑料制品污染严重，所以，当避免不了要买时，就应被彻底地清洗干净并循环利用。故选A。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：劳拉还总是和一群朋友在一起，他们互相交换他们需要的物品，比如家具或盘子。A. devoted奉献；B. found发现；C. exposed暴露；D. buried埋。根据下文“herself in a community of friends who ____10____ items with each other that they need”可知，劳拉经常参加这样的活动。find oneself... 是一个固定用法，意即“发现自己处在某种状态；不知不觉的……”。故选B。
【10题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第9题详解。A. share分享；B. trade贸易，交易；C. discuss讨论；D. clarify澄清。根据下文“with each other that they need”可知，这里指互换以至不浪费。故选B。
【11题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们尽可能的少用，还从亲戚朋友那里接手了一些玩具和婴儿用品。A. necessary必要的；B. valuable有价值的；C. ordinary普通的；D. possible可能的。根据上文“minimum”可知，劳拉是尽可能的少用。句中minimum是动词use的宾语，而possible是其后置定语，possible的意思是“（尽）可能的（最少量的）”，故选D。
【12题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们真的需要购买任何东西，首先我们会在二手市场尝试。A. purchase购买；B. discover发现；C. approach接近；D. preserve保存。根据下文“first we tried at the ____13____ market”可知，去市场是要购买一些东西。这是与上文一物多次利用和与他人交换使用相对应的行为，即：不得不购买时。故选A。
【13题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见第12题详解。A. far-away遥远的；B. duty-free免税的；C. second-hand二手的；D. life-long终身的。根据上文“Laura has also ____9____ herself in a community of friends who ____10____ items with each other that they need, like furniture or plates.”和“We tried to use the ____11____ and take over some toys and baby equipment from friends and relatives.”可知，劳拉是很节俭的人，所以为了节省，去二手市场当然更符合情理，故选C。
【14题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了更好地教育孩子，劳拉带他们去森林里散步，在那里他们一边走一边捡垃圾。A. pull out驶出，摆脱困境；B. pick up捡起；C. hold back控制，抑制；D. keep off不靠近，远离。根据上文“To help educate her kids, Laura takes them out on nature walks to the forest”可知，劳拉他们这样做是为了教育孩子们，所以应该是在森林里捡垃圾。故选B。
【15题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们喜欢这项活动，因为他们知道这对环境更好。A. activity活动；B. idea想法；C. theme主题；D. jungle丛林。根据上文“To help educate her kids, Laura takes them out on nature walks to the forest where they ____14____ rubbish as they go.”可知，这里指的是劳拉带他们去森林里散步并一起捡垃圾这个活动。故选A。
二、阅读理解(共两节，满分47.5分)
第一节 阅读理解(共14小题;每小题2.5分，满分35分)
A
Rachel Hore’s fascinating novels move between the past and the present. Her latest The House on Bellevue Gardens is set in London now and in the early 1960s.
Best-selling author Rachel Hore’s previous novels include The Glass Painter’s Daughter, which was shortlisted(入围) for the 2010 Romantic Novel of the Year award, and A Gathering Storm, which was shortlisted for the 2012 Historical Novel of the Year award.
Here, she shares three books that made an impact on her life.
Orlando
by Virginia Woolf
Reading Orlando for the first time in my late teens gave me a wonderful sense of freedom and the possibilities that a life full of books can offer. Forever young, Orlando possesses “the strength of a man and a woman’s grace”.
He lives through four centuries and has many disguises; sometimes he even changes his gender.
It was an excellent literary work through history that excited and inspired me.
Flight Behaviour
by Barbara Kingsolver
I’ve read many of Barbara Kingsolver’s novels, including her well-known The Poisonwood Bible, admiring how easily she writes about the power and beauty of the natural world, of which humanity is a dependent part.
I particularly love Flight Behaviour because she engages the reader easily with an ambitious subject for fiction — climate change
Her story makes us all care about what we are doing to our world.
The Hawk in the Rain
by Ted Hughes
We were given The Thought Fox to read at school and I was so deeply impressed with its central image of the fox in the snow inspiring the poem that I spent that week’s money on the book it appears in. I read and re-read it and was amazed!
I loved the writer’s technique of description, as well as the energy, the violence and the sensuousness (敏感) of those poems.
Everyone should have their ‘discovery of poetry’ moment, and mine was Ted Hughes.
16. Which of the following books was shortlisted for the 2012 Historical Novel of the Year award
A. The House on Bellevue Gardens. B. The Glass Painter’s Daughter.
C. A Gathering Storm. D. Flight Behaviour.
17. Which book did Rachel Hore read when she was in her late teens
A. Flight Behaviour. B. Orlando.
C. The Poisonwood Bible. D. The Hawk in the Rain.
18. For what does Rachel Hore admire Barbara Kingsolver
A. The topic of her novel.
B. How she writes about the power and beauty of the natural world.
C. How her novels excite and inspire readers.
D. Her technique of description.
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了对畅销书作家Rachel Hore的生活产生影响的三本书，介绍了作者以及Rachel Hore的阅读体会。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Best-selling author Rachel Hore’s previous novels include The Glass Painter’s Daughter, which was shortlisted(入围) for the 2010 Romantic Novel of the Year award, and A Gathering Storm, which was shortlisted for the 2012 Historical Novel of the Year award.”可知畅销作家Rachel Hore之前的小说包括入围2010年度浪漫小说奖的The Glass Painter’s Daughter，以及入围2012年度历史小说奖的A Gathering Storm。由此可知，A Gathering Storm入围了2012年度历史小说的提名。故选C。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据Orlando部分中“Reading Orlando for the first time in my late teens gave me a wonderful sense of freedom and the possibilities that a life full of books can offer. (十几岁时第一次读到《奥兰多》，让我感受到了自由的美好，也感受到了充满书香的生活所能带来的可能性)”由此可知，Rachel Hore在十几岁的时候读过Orlando这本书。故选B。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据Flight Behaviour部分中“I’ve read many of Barbara Kingsolver’s novels, including her well-known The Poisonwood Bible, admiring how easily she writes about the power and beauty of the natural world, of which humanity is a dependent part.(我读过Barbara Kingsolver的很多小说，包括她著名的《毒木圣经》，很欣赏她如此轻松地描写了自然世界的力量和美丽，而人性是其中不可或缺的一部分)”由此可知，Rachel Hore因为Barbara Kingsolver描写自然世界的力量和美丽的方式而崇拜她。故选B。
B
When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”
19. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs
A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.
20. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks
A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem.
C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine.
21. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou
A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea.
C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.
22. What is the basis for John’s work
A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive.
C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.
【答案】19. C 20. D 21. B 22. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John Todd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. (当约翰·托德还是个孩子时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals (在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, John added the sludge. (几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. (他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. (这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair. (你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。
C
Improvements to energy efficiency, such as LED lights, are seen by many authorities as a top priority for cutting carbon emissions. Yet a growing body of research suggests that a rebound effect could wipe out more than half of the savings from energy efficiency improvements, making the goals of the Paris Agreement on climate change even harder to hit.
A team led by Paul Brockway at the University of Leeds, UK, looked at the existing 33 studies on the impact of the rebound effect. First comes the direct rebound: for instance, when someone buys a more efficient car, they may take advantage of that by driving it further. Then comes the indirect rebound: fuel savings leave the owner with more money to spend elsewhere in the economy, consuming energy.
Although the 33 studies used different methods to model the rebound effect, they produced very consistent estimates of its impact, leading the team to conclude that the effect wipes out, on average, 63 percent of the anticipated energy savings.
“We’re not saying energy efficiency doesn’t work. What we’re saying is rebound needs to be taken more seriously,” says Brockway.
The idea that increased efficiency may not deliver the hoped-for savings dates back to the Jevons paradox(悖论), named after the economist William Stanley Jevons, who, in 1865, observed that more efficient coal use led to more demand for coal.
If the rebound effect does prove to be as big as suggested, it means future global energy demand will be higher than expected and the world will need far more wind and solar power and carbon-capture technology than is currently being planned for.
But that doesn’t mean nothing can be done to limit the rebound effect. One answer is to double down on energy efficiency and do twice as much to achieve the same effect.
23. Which of the following is a rebound effect
A. A man uses LED lights to cut carbon emissions.
B. A company uses coal more efficiently to reduce waste.
C. A family saves money by using energy-saving devices.
D. A lady spends savings from her fuel efficient car on more clothes.
24. How did Paul Brockway’s team carry out their research
A. By interviewing economists.
B. By analyzing former studies.
C. By modeling the rebound effect.
D. By debating about the Jevons paradox.
25. What would Paul Brockway probably agree with
A. Authorities should dismiss energy efficiency.
B. Worldwide efforts to preserve energy are in vain.
C. The rebound effect helps protect the environment.
D. More attention should be paid to the rebound effect.
【答案】23. D 24. B 25. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由提高能源效率所带来的反弹效应可能使其节省的资金大大缩减，并指出人们应采取任何措施来限制反弹效应。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Then comes the indirect rebound: fuel savings leave the owner with more money to spend elsewhere in the economy, consuming energy.（然后是间接反弹：节省的燃料使车主有更多的钱花在其他经济领域，消耗能源。）”可知，间接反弹指节省的燃料使车主有更多的钱花在其他经济领域，消耗能源。D项“女士把省油汽车节省的钱花在买更多的衣服上。”就是把省下来的钱花在其他经济领域（服装领域）上，符合间接反弹效应。故选D项。
24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Although the 33 studies used different methods to model the rebound effect,（尽管这33项研究使用了不同的方法来模拟反弹效应，）”中的model the rebound effect可知，研究团队是通过模拟反弹效应进行他们的研究的。故选B项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段““We're not saying energy efficiency doesn't work. What we're saying is rebound needs to be taken more seriously,” says Brockway.（Brockway说：“我们并不是说能源效率不起作用，我们的意思是需要更加认真地对待经济反弹。”）”中的be taken more seriously可知，Brockway认为应该更加关注反弹效应。故选D项。
D
Video calls are a common occurrence, but have you imagined being able to touch the person on the other end of the line Scientists are making this a reality.
Researchers at the University of New South Wales, Australia, have invented a soft skin stretch device (SSD), a haptic (触觉的) device that can recreate the sense of touch. Haptic technology mimics (模仿) the experience of touch by stimulating small areas of the skin in ways that are similar to what is felt in the real world, through force, vibration (震动) or motion.
Vibration is the most common haptic technology today and has been built into many electronic devices such as one attached to the back of a trackpad (触控板) in laptops, which mimics a button clicking. However, haptic feedback with vibration becomes less sensitive when used continuously. The existing technology also has great difficulty recreating the sense of touch with objects in virtual environments or located remotely, according to Mai Thanh Thai, lead author of the study.
The new technology overcomes issues with existing haptic devices. The research team introduced a novel method to recreate the sense of touch through soft, artificial “muscles”.
“Our three-way directional skin stretch device, built into the fingertips of the wearable haptic glove we also created, is like wearing a second skin — it’s soft, stretchable and mimics the sense of touch — and will enable new forms of haptic communication to enhance everyday activities,” said Thanh Nho Do, senior author of the study.
It works like this: Imagine you are at home and you call your friend who is in Australia. You wear a haptic glove with the SSDs and your friend also wears a glove with integrated (集成) 3D force sensors. If your friend picks up an object, it will physically press against your friend’s fingers. And his/her glove with 3D force sensors will measure these interactions. The force signals can be sent to your glove so your device will generate the same 3D forces, making you experience the same sense of touch as your friend.
The haptic devices could be applied in various scenarios, allowing users to feel objects inside a virtual world or at a distance. This could be especially beneficial during such times like the COVID-19 pandemic when people rely on video calls to stay connected with loved ones. Or it could be used in medical practices. Doctors can feel a patient’s organ tissues with surgical tools without touching them.
26. What’s the main purpose of the text
A. To encourage the use of a new product.
B. To inform readers of a new invention.
C. To compare different haptic devices.
D. To introduce the development of haptic technology.
27. What can we learn about the SSD
A. It mimics the sense of touch through a trackpad.
B. It mainly uses vibration technology.
C. It takes the shape of a glove.
D. It makes virtual haptic communication possible.
28. What does Paragraph 6 mainly talk about
A. The advantages of the new haptic glove.
B. The applications of the new haptic technology.
C. An explanation of how the haptic device works.
D. A personal experience of using SSDs during a video call.
29. How could the new haptic device benefit people
A. It could replace video calls as a way to communicate.
B. it could be used for recreating organ tissues.
C. Doctors could perform surgeries at once.
D. Users could feel remote objects in a realistic way.
【答案】26. B 27. D 28. C 29. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家正在使视频通话能够触碰到电话另一端的人成为现实。这一项技术将会利用在方方面面，造福于人类。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。第二段第一句“Researchers at the University of New South Wales, Australia, have invented a soft skin stretch device (SSD), a haptic (触觉的) device that can recreate the sense of touch.”提到，澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的研究人员发明了一种柔软皮肤拉伸设备，这是一种可以重现触觉的触觉设备，下文讲述了该设备的工作原理和应用，所以本文的目的是介绍一项发明。故选B项。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Scientists are making this a reality.”及第二段第一句“Researchers at the University of New South Wales, Australia, have invented a soft skin stretch device (SSD), a haptic(触觉的) device that can recreate the sense of touch.(澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的研究人员发明了一种柔软皮肤拉伸设备(SSD)，这是一种可以重现触觉的触觉设备。)”可知，SSD可使虚拟触觉通信成为可能。故选D项。
【28题详解】
段落大意题。根据第六段中“It works like this:”可知，这段主要是解释触觉设备的工作原理。故选C项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句“The haptic devices could be applied in various scenarios, allowing users to feel objects inside a virtual world or at a distance.”可知，触觉设备可以应用在各种场景中，允许用户感受虚拟世界中的物体或者远距离的物体。故选D项。
第二节 七选五(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Choosing a career is one of those important decisions that can change the course of your life.____30____ Ample information and self-examination can help you choose a satisfying career that you will enjoy for years to come. If you feel confused about picking a career, you're not alone. We're here to help!
Evaluate your work style. The right career for you will be suited to your work style. Do you need the discipline of a structured work environment to do your best ____31____ There are, of course, other factors that affect your job performance. But, your natural work style plays a big role.
Identify your skills. Every career requires a different skill set. Sales managers need great leadership skills, and teachers need to be able to communicate effectively with both students and parents.____32____List every talent and skill you have, even if it doesn't seem like it will help you get a job.
____33____ What do you want out of a career Do you want to help other people Do you want to travel How much money do you want to make Of course, what you want to achieve often changes over time, and things that were once extremely important become less so.
Remember that things can change. There are a million "Best Careers" lists out there that will say you should have a certain career because you will make a certain amount of money with it. ____34____ There might be a lot of demand for a job now, but what about in 10 years Don't choose a job just because it's number one on a list somewhere. Things can change over time, and the job that was once number one might end up not even making the list a few years from now.
A. Determine your goals.
B. It deserves considerable time and reflection.
C. Take some time to figure out what you're good at.
D. Ask questions about the advantages and disadvantages of the job.
E. Or do you like setting your own schedule and work independently
F. However, there's no way to totally guarantee job security and stability.
G. Are you willing and able to put in that time and the money that comes with it
【答案】30. B 31. E 32. C 33. A 34. F
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。择业是能够改变你人生轨迹的重要决定之一。文章就如何择业提出了几点建议。
【30题详解】
根据前文“Choosing a career is one of those important decisions that can change the course of your life.”（择业是能够改变你人生轨迹的重要决定之一。）可知，此处是讲择业非常重要，根据后文“Ample information and self-examination can help you choose a satisfying career that you will enjoy for years to come.”（充足的信息和自我测试可以帮助你选择一个令人满意的职业，而且你会在未来的几年里享受它。）可知，择业需要充足的信息和自我测试，也就是需要大量的时间和思考，所以选项B（它值得我们花大量的时间和思考。）切合文意。故选B。
【31题详解】
根据前文“Evaluate your work style.”（评估你的工作风格。）可知，此处是讲评估你的工作风格和倾向，选项E（还是喜欢自己安排时间，独立工作？）切合文意，且和前文句式相同。故选E。
【32题详解】
根据前文“Identify your skills.”（识别你的技能。）可知，此处是讲弄清楚自己的技能，所以选项C（花点时间想想自己擅长什么。）切合文意。故选C。
【33题详解】
根据后文“Of course, what you want to achieve often changes over time, and things that were once extremely important become less so.”（当然，你想要达到的目标往往会随着时间的推移而改变，曾经非常重要的事情也变得不那么重要了。）可知，此处是指在事业上想要达到的目标，所以选项A（确定你的目标。）切合文意。故选A。
【34题详解】
根据后文“Things can change over time, and the job that was once number one might end up not even making the list a few years from now.”（随着时间的推移，事情可能会发生变化，曾经排在第一位的工作可能在几年后甚至不会出现在榜单上。）可知，此处是指工作并不完全具有保障和稳定性，所以选项F（然而，没有办法完全保证工作的安全性和稳定性。）切合文意。故选F。
三、语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Singing is one of those universal actions that everyone can do for fun, regardless of how they sound. According to recent studies _____35_____(conduct) at Goethe University Frankfurt, s nging can be actually helpful to your immune system. The study focused _____36_____ a group of people who sang in a professional choir and discovered that the amount of proteins in the blood that function as antibodies(抗体) was _____37_____(obvious) higher after singing, so people involved in music could be less likely _____38_____(get) sick.
Singing actually is the perfect physical exercise for people who are injured, disabled or elderly. Not only ____39____(do) singing help increase your lung capacity, but it helps stimulate circulation. This can lead to better results when people hit the gym thanks to the person’s increased aerobic(有氧的) capacity and newfound physical or mental strength.
The simple truth is that singing makes you happy. It releases endorphins(内啡肽), a chemical _____40_____ reduces pain and makes you feel _____41_____(happy) and less stressed. People who sing, especially in choirs and on the stage are known to have better social skills and be loss lonely. _____42_____(stand) on the stage and performing can be tough, _____43_____ when you do it in a group, it can help improve your sense of self as well as increase your _____44_____(confident).
【答案】35. conducted
36. on##upon
37. obviously
38. to get 39. does
40. which##that
41. happier
42. Standing
43. but 44. confidence
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了唱歌可以给人带来非常多的益处，并进行了具体说明。
【35题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：根据法兰克福歌德大学最近进行的研究，唱歌实际上可以帮助你的免疫系统。分析句子可知，“(conduct) at Goethe University Frankfurt”在句中为后置定语，修饰名词“studies”，动词“conduct”与名词“studies”为动宾关系，所以此处用过去分词conducted，表示被动，故填conducted。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：这项研究集中在一组在专业合唱团唱歌的人身上，发现唱歌后血液中作为抗体的蛋白质含量明显更高，所以参与音乐的人不太可能生病。短语：focus on/upon“集中于，关注”，为固定结构，结合句中英语提示和句意，故填on/upon。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：这项研究集中在一组在专业合唱团唱歌的人身上，发现唱歌后血液中作为抗体的蛋白质含量明显更高，所以参与音乐的人不太可能生病。空处在句中为状语，修饰形容词“higher”，所以此处用副词obviously，故填obviously。
【38题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：这项研究集中在一组在专业合唱团唱歌的人身上，发现唱歌后血液中作为抗体的蛋白质含量明显更高，所以参与音乐的人不太可能生病。固定短语：be likely to do“可能做某事”，结合句中英语提示，故填to get。
【39题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：唱歌不仅有助于增加肺活量，还有助于刺激血液循环。本句是由not only置于句首引起的部分倒装句，空处应用助动词，其主语“singing”，为第三人称单数，结合“helps”可知，时态为一般现在时，因此空处用单三，故填does。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它会释放内啡肽，这是一种减少疼痛的化学物质，让你感觉更快乐，并减少压力。分析句子可知，空处及其后的内容为定语从句，先行词为“a chemical”，在从句中作主语，所以空处用关系代词which/that，故填which/that。
【41题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意同上。根据句中“and less stressed”可知，空处用比较级happier，作表语，与“less stressed”并列，故填happier。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：站在舞台上表演可能会很艰难，但当你在一群人中间表演时，它可以帮助你提高自我意识，增加你的自信。根据句中“and performing”可知，空处用动名词standing，与“performing”并列，作句子的主语，处于句首，所以首字母大写。故填Standing。
【43题详解】
考查连词。句意：站在舞台上表演可能会很艰难，但当你在一群人中间表演时，它可以帮助你提高自我意识，增加你的自信。分析句子可知，结合句中“ (stand) on the stage and performing can be tough”及“ it can help improve your sense of self as well as increase”可知，前半句讲述站在舞台表演有困难，后半句提到了唱歌的好处，所以空处及后文与前文为转折关系，故填but。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：站在舞台上表演可能会很艰难，但当你在一群人中间表演时，它可以帮助你提高自我意识，增加你的自信。空处在句中为宾语，结合空前“your”可知，此处用名词confidence，为不可数名词。故填confidence。
四、词形变化(共10个空，每空1.25分，满分1-2.5分)
用括号里单词的适当形式填空。
45. She put all her __________ (energy) into her work.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】energies
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她把全部精力都投入到工作中。分析句子可知，空处在句中作put的宾语，所以应用名词energy，且空前有all修饰，energy“精力；力量”为可数名词，需用复数形式。故填energies。
46. The public kept __________ (complain) about the increase in the cost of health insurance. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】complaining
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：公众一直在抱怨医疗保险费用的增加。分析句子可知，此处是固定短语keep doing sth.，意为“不停地做某事”。故填complaining。
47. The room still has many of its _________ (origin) features. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】original
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个房间有很多新颖的特点。此处用形容词修饰名词作表语，original意为“新颖的”，故填original。
48. Over the next several________(decade), she held many important positions. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】decades
【解析】
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：在接下来的几十年里，她担任了许多重要职务。decade是可数名词，由several修饰，用名词复数形式。故填decades。
49. The legendary Dragon Gate was built using __________ (material) donated from China. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】materials
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：传说中的龙门是用中国捐赠的材料建造的。动词using后接名词作宾语。名词material为可数名词，其前没有冠词，为泛指，所以用复数形式。根据中英文提示及句意，故填materials。
50. Tokyo and New York are major ________ (finance) centres.（用所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】financial
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：东京和纽约是主要的金融中心。根据空格后的名词centres可知，空格处应填形容词作定语，根据句意“金融的”是financial。故填financial。
51. In recent years, they __________ (reflect) people’s wishes and faiths. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】have reflected
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：近年来，他们表达了人民的愿望和信仰。空处在句中为谓语，结合句中“In recent years”可知，空处的时态应为现在完成时；主语“they”为复数，所以助动词用have，故填have reflected。
52. I __________ (absolute) enjoyed the archery, too. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】absolutely
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：我确实也喜欢射箭。空格处修饰动词enjoyed，作状语，应用副词形式。故填absolutely。
53. The exact __________ (location) are being kept secret for reasons of security. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】locations
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：为了安全起见，具体地点保密。形容词exact后接名词形式，在句中作主语。根据谓语动词are可知，用名词的复数形式， 故填locations 。
54. With great enthusiasm, he talked about how he found the animals and __________ (approach) them. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】approached
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：他满怀热情地讲述了他是如何发现这些动物并走近它们的。分析句子结构，这是一个包含宾语从句的复合句，“how he found the animals and __________ (approach) them.”在句子中做介词about的宾语，根据从句的并列连词and可知空白处表示的是一个发生在过去的动作，从句谓语动词均使用一般过去时，故填approached。
五、写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
55. 假定你是李华，你的笔友Tom来信和你讨论他对太空探索的看法，他认为花巨资探索太空是没有必要的，请你据此给他写一封回信。内容包括：
(1)你对他的观点的看法；
(2)你对太空探索的看法和理由。
注意：(1)词数80左右;
(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
(3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
I have known your ideas about exploring space.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tom,
I have known your ideas about exploring space. I didn’t agree that exploring space is a waste of time and money. Actually, it’s more important than you can imagine.
The space technology can help to improve the techniques in other fields. With the help of satellites, GPS is widely used all over the world. Besides, space technology represents a country’s scientific and technological level. Last but not least, exploring space helps us to think the future of mankind.
In short, exploring space is so important that we should continue this great project.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给笔友Tom写一封回信，讨论自己对太空探索的看法。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
重要的：important → significant
帮助：help → assist
领域，方面：field → aspect
广泛地：widely → diffusely
2. 句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：With the help of satellites, GPS is widely used all over the world.
拓展句：It is with the help of satellites that GPS is widely used all over the world.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
Last but not least, exploring space helps us to think the future of mankind.（运用了动名词作主语）
【高分句型2】
In short, exploring space is so important that we should continue this great project.（运用了动名词作主语和so...that...的句型）
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
56. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The easy way out isn't always easiest. I learned that lesson when I decided to treat my father to a special meal. I glanced through the cookbook and chose a menu which included homemade bread. Knowing the bread would take time, I started on it as soon as he left for work.
As I was not experienced in cooking, I thought if a dozen was good, two dozen would be better, so I doubled everything. As Dad loved oranges, I also opened a can of orange and poured it all into the bowl. Soon there was sticky dough (面团) covered with ugly yellowish marks. Realizing I had been defeated, I put the dough in the rubbish bin outside so I wouldn't have to face him laughing at my work.
I went on preparing the rest of the meal, and, when Dad got home, we sat down to Cornish chicken with rice. He tried to enjoy the meal but seemed disturbed. Twice he got up and went outside, saying he thought he heard a noise. The third time he left, I went to the windows to see what he was doing.
Looking out, I saw Dad standing about three feet from the rubbish bin, holding the lid up with a stick and looking into the container. When I came out of the house, he dropped the stick and explained that there was something alive in the rubbish bin. Picking up the stick again, he held the lid up enough for me to see. I felt cold. But I stepped closer and looked harder.
Without doubt it was my work. The hot sun had caused the dough to double in size and the. fermenting yeast (酵母) made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing. I had to admit what the "living thing" was and why it was there. I don't know who was more embarrassed by the whole thing, Dad or me.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My dad tapped me gently on the shoulder, and we went inside.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
At a party three months later, everyone wanted to try my bread.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
My dad tapped me gently on the shoulder, and we went inside. Sitting back to our Cornish chicken, Dad, smilingly, updated me on recent events at his work without a mere mention of the crazy dough wildly dancing outside, which served wonderfully as a gentle embarrassment reliever. However, while doing the dishes after dinner, Dad said to me with firmness in his voice, "You don't have to be an expert to make bread, but you do have to do your research before taking actions. There is no such thing as an easy way out." And that was the starting point of my journey with making the perfect bread.
At a party three months later, everyone wanted to try my bread. The rest of the night slipped away, filled with inquiries about my secret recipe. Yet, hardly was there a different answer other than, "Beauty comes from balance and patience." To be frank, that was exactly what I'd learnt during my numerous experiments. An amazing loaf of bread required suitable balance of ingredients to mix as well as enormous patience of waiting for the dough to rise. Countless were my failures to make tasty bread, every single moment of it was cherished. Along the journey, I've developed from the man whose dough sighs in a dustbin to the man whose bread makes your taste but dance.
【解析】
【分析】本文以时间为顺序，以第一人称“我”的叙事角度，讲述了我想要为父亲制作特殊的一餐——自制面包。但由于缺乏提前准备和经验耐心，计划宣告失败，我把酵母面团丢进了垃圾桶，以免父亲知道后笑话我。谁知道酵母面团在阳光下持续发酵，表面震动和“呼吸”的模样像极了垃圾桶里有活物，以至于父亲在吃饭时一直惴惴不安，三番五次想要探寻究竟，最终我让真相大白后，场面有些尴尬。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“爸爸轻轻地拍了拍我的肩膀，我们走了进去。”可知，第一段可讲述爸爸缓解尴尬，鼓励或者教导我的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“三个月后的一次聚会上，每个人都想尝尝我的面包。”可知，第二段可描写我成功的过程或喜悦，讲述这一探索过程的感悟和经验。
2.续写线索：轻拍肩膀——缓解尴尬——教导鼓励——制作成功——快乐喜悦
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