2022-2023江西省宜丰中学期末考试英语试卷
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What color is the cat
A. Blue. B. Grey. C. Brown.
2. When does the woman usually wake up in the morning
A. At 7:00. B. At 8:00. C. At 11:00.
3. Where are the speakers
A. At home. B. At an art exhibition hall. C. At the park.
4. Why does the man feel painful according to the woman
A. He lacks exercise. B. He has an old injury. C. He fell down.
5. What do the speakers think about the new tea shop
A. It is good to relax there. B. It is more special than other brands.
C. It is a waste of time lining up for its tea.
第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。
6. What are the speakers doing now
A. Taking photos. B. Posing for pictures.(摆姿势) C. Looking at an album(相册)
7. Which photos does the woman appreciate the most
A. Photos about beauty in people. B. Photos about beauty in mountains.
C. Photos about beauty in the little things.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至10题。
8. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A sports game. B. A school training. C. A fire accident.
9. What can students take from the classroom if they act quickly
A. All of their things. B. None of their things. C. Some of their things.
10. Who will inform students when it is time to return
A. A student. B. The headmaster. C. A teacher.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至13题。
11. Which grade is the woman’s niece in now
A. Grade Five. B. Grade Six. C. Grade Seven.
12. What is the right thing for people to do according to the man
A. Letting kids enjoy their childhood. B. Exposing kids to adult world earlier.
C. Preparing kids for high school ahead of time.
13. Why was the man’s niece so happy
A. She didn’t have to go to school. B. She didn’t have to brush her teeth.
C. She thought she could stay up longer.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至17题。
14. Why are the speakers at the exhibition
A. To sell artworks. B. To meet an artist. C. To have an interview.
15. What does the art blogger like about the exhibition
A. Its style. B. Its colour. C. Its size.
16. What does the man say about the sculptures
A. They are worth appreciating. B. They are boring for some people.
C. They are not easy for some people.
17. What will the woman probably do next
A. Buy more wine. B. Get some change. C. Text the man.
听下面一段独白，回答第18至20题。
18. What has happened in a small town in the Arctic(北极)
A. Polar bears have crowded into the small town.
B Residents have been forced to leave their houses.
C. Arctic ice near the town has been melting rapidly.
19. What did the town officials suggest the residents do
A Feed the bears. B. Shoot the animals. C. Keep their garbage inside.
20. Why will relocating the bears be so difficult
A. Good places are hard to find. B. The bears are extremely dangerous.
C. Humans are driving the bears away.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分 40 分)
第一节 (共 11 小题;每小题 2.5 分, 满分 27.5 分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和 D)中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
POETRY CHALLENGE
Write a poem about how courage, determination, and strength have helped you face challenges in your life.
Prizes
3 Grand Prizes:Trip to Washington, D.C. for each of three winners, a parent and one other person of the winner’s choice. Trip includes round-trip air tickets, hotel stay for two nights, and tours of the National Air and Space Museum and the office of National Geographic World.
6 First Prizes:The book Sky Pioneer:A Photobiography of Amelia Earhart signed by author Corinne Szabo and pilot Linda Finch.
50 Honorable Mentions:Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earhart’s final flight.
Rules
Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification.
■Write a poem using 100 words or fewer. Your poem can be any format, any number of lines.
■Write by hand or type on a single sheet of paper. You may use both the front and back of the paper.
■On the same sheet of paper, write or type your name, address, telephone number, and birth date.
■Mail your entry to us by October 31 this year.
1. How many people can each grand prize winner take on the free trip
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Six.
2. What will each of the honorable mention winners get
A. A plane ticket. B. A book by Corinne Szabo.
C. A special T-shirt. D. A photo of Amelia Earhart.
3. Which of the following will result in disqualification
A. Typing your poem out. B. Writing a poem of 120 words.
C. Using both sides of the paper. D. Mailing your entry on October 30.
B
From Santa Barbara to Scotland, strangers are becoming friends by going on bike rides together. They get paired up by Cycling Without Age, an organization that helps seniors go for bike rides, even if they can’t pedal themselves.
Hugh Lyon and David Lawrence, who are roughly 20 years apart in age, have been riding together for years. The 56-year-old Lawrence serves as a “pilot”, driving the trishaw—a bike with a passenger seat in the front that Cycling Without Age uses for their rides. They go for rides about once a week often discussing the history of their town.
“Despite my deceased parents, it gives me a connection with people from an older generation,” said Lawrence “and I enjoy spending time with them and hearing their stories.”
The pair have formed a friendship outside of cycling. Lawrence said he calls Lyon often and goes to the gym with him to help him with exercises he can’t do on his own.
Ole Kassow, who founded Cycling Without Age, said that’s the power of the program. “The truly powerful thing about these bike rides is that they tie people and stories together to create new relationships,” he told CBS News. “In my friendships—and the ability to form new relationships at any age—are what define a good life, and often also a long and happy life.”
John Boettner started the Santa Barbara chapter. He has one rule for passengers. “They say, ‘What does it cost if I’m going to go for a ride ’ I say, ‘Here’s what it costs: You have to wave. If you don’t wave, I’m going to kick you out,’” he joked. He said he likes when they hit red lights, because it gives them a chance to connect with people on the road. “Driving the trishaw is the best advertisement for Cycling Without Age”, Boettner said, “When you take a 101-year-old woman for a bike ride and she holds your hand tight and says thank you and gives you a kiss on the cheek, it doesn’t get any better than that.”
4. What did Lawrence benefit from Cycling Without Age
A. Picking up forgotten stories. B. Improving his health condition.
C. Understanding his parents’ love. D. Creating a relationship with seniors.
5. Why did Ole Kassow mention “friendships”
A. To share the pleasure of cycling. B. To state the nature of happiness.
C. To show the value of the program. D. To introduce the definition of a good life.
6. What can we learn from Boettner’s words in the last paragraph
A. The program needs to be advertised. B. Passengers have to pay for their rides.
C. Red lights connect people on the road. D. Bike riders feel fulfilled by offering rides.
7. What is the best title for this article
A. Every cloud has a silver lining B. Friendship on the wheels
C. Grow through life D. Happiness is a journey, not a destination
C
People who have kids live longer than those who remain childless, an academic study has suggested. Researchers believe it is because adults’ immune systems are “refreshed” when kids go to nursery and start picking up infections.
During the course of someone’s life, their immune system can become weaker. But when kids start bringing infections home, their parents’ immune systems get a workout. Non-parents — unless they are teachers or nurses perhaps — do not get the same exposure to infection.
Writing in the journal Scientific Reports, Miguel Portela said parents had less risk of dying from infection than non-parents and if they did, it was about five years later. He said that “a parent’s immune system is refreshed by a child’s infections at a time when their own protection starts wearing thin.” He added, “With this improved immune system, the parent has a better chance to defend whatever infections that might strike when old and weak and parenthood is rewarded in individual terms through an improved immunization against infections.” Naturally there are other reasons why some people live longer than others, but they may not be comparable with becoming a parent. The academics say that high income and house ownership are always associated with higher survival but less so than having children.
Mr. Portela admits the research is far from complete, saying that while the results “record a relationship between the presence of children and death rate, the specific transmission mechanisms remain unclear. He acknowledges the presence of other, perhaps behavioral factors in parents which result in changed death rate compared to individuals without children.” He adds, “While the relationships of lifestyle choices such as smoking, obesity, drinking and other behavioral factors with life expectancy and causes of death are well studied and understood, the same cannot be said for the individual decision to become a parent”.
8. Why did Mr. Portela say “parents had less risk of dying from infection than non-parents”
A. Parents have healthier lifestyles.
B. Parents have less exposure to infection.
C. Parents have higher ability to fight against infections.
D. Parents have less experience to fight against infections.
9. How are parents protected against infections
A. By being exposed to their kids’ infection. B. By working out with their kids.
C. By refreshing their kids’ life. D. By strengthening their kids’ infection.
10. What can we infer from the research
A. Rich life benefits parents more than having children.
B. Lack of sleep has nothing to do with life expectancy.
C. The presence of children can improve parents’ health
D Behavioral factors contribute to higher death rate than having no children.
11. What’s the best title for the passage
A. Parents and Non-parents B. How to Achieve Longer Life Expectancy
C. How Is Parents’ Immune Systems Changed D. Children’s Effect on Parents’ Immune System
D
What was once science fiction is now a part of our everyday lives, as artificial intelligence (AI) is something that many of us live alongside. According to Statista, in 2019, 3.25 billion virtual assistants were used worldwide and that figure is predicted to be more than double by 2014.
AI is doing more for us than setting reminders, making recommendations, and offering us weather reports. In fact, it could be about to change the healthcare landscape entirely. It is estimated that one in eight people today use health apps regularly. And AI has more to offer.
Dr Emilia Molimpakis is a neuroscientist who co-founded thymia, a platform that uses AI powered games to help doctors spot depression.
“I was inspired to start thymia after seeing my best friend struggle with depression,” she says, “I saw her try to go through the psychiatric (精神病学的) system and fall through the cracks. Despite being seen by a psychiatrist, she ended up trying to take her own life. When that happened, I was the one who found her, and this experience impressed me.”
Aside from blaming herself for not recognizing the signs sooner, what she could not get her head around was how the psychiatrist should not see this coming. She realized that the tools psychiatrists used were still these old-fashioned, pen-and-paper questionnaires that have been found, time and again, to be subjective and not reflecting a patient’s actual mental health status. So, thymia was born.
But as we look into the future, what should we be aware of Before we dive in head-first, there are still questions we need to answer. As Dr Molimpakis points out, it’s vitally important that AI tools used in healthcare must be trained on a diverse data set that is typical of all groups of people. It should also be used alongside, and in addition to, professional care—not as a replacement. We should also consider carefully how our health data is stored and used. These are topics that both users and professionals have a responsibility to consider.
12. Where is the text probably taken from
A. An AI guide. B. A research paper.
C. A health magazine D. An encyclopedia.
13. What is the purpose of creating thymia
A. To cure depression. B. To train doctors.
C. To detect signs of illness. D. To design questionnaires.
14. What do the underlined words “get her head around” mean in Paragraph 5
A. Get over. B. Figure out. C. Make up. D. Turn down.
15. What can we learn about the application of AI tools in the last paragraph
A. It needs further improvement.
B. It was a double-edged sword.
C. It will develop into professional care.
D. It can make professionals more responsible.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How many books have you finished since high school Between study, work, family, and social lives, trying to find time to read needs more effort than a relaxing hobby. How can you get reading books into your full schedule ____16____
Borrow more books than you can read. Libraries have very large “limits” on books you can take out. ____17____ Return anything you don’t like. Some of the most efficient readers return five out of six books unread. This is not something to be ashamed of.
____18____ If you have a whole morning to read, you might hope for more kinds. People who read a lot have something going to suit all tastes.
Try the 50-page rule. If you feel you have to finish all the books you start, you may be stuck in something boring and not read again for weeks. ____19____ You’ll find something else you love more soon.
Don’t care about any thoughts about what you “should” be reading. It is OK if you are not so interested in the world’s great literature. Read what you want. ____20____ If you’re only reading because you “should” read, then over time, reading will drop from the top of your list down to laundry level or going to the dentist.
A. Read more than one book at a time.
B. You may have trouble deciding what to read first.
C. Here’s how to make more time for your favorite books.
D. So go crazy and borrow anything that looks interesting.
E. Quit after a few dozen pages if you’re not feeling into it.
F. Reading is one of the most pleasurable activities out there.
G. People don’t do well with the feelings of suffering long term.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Do you have any idea how rewarding it is to spread homemade butter on bread Most of my generation may not know but ask my kids—they think they’re truly ____21____ the life.
I feel like we took a step “backward” when we bought a cow. How ____22____ it is to buy milk and butter off the shelf in the store. But I enjoy the ____23____ back. It adds so much simplicity to our lives. My children will ____24____ with many memories of a sweet milk cow, fresh butter and bread, and family ____25____.
Adding a milk cow to our home wasn’t a ____26____ decision. I knew it would take time and____27____, but I haven’t regretted it. My children also haven’t ____28____ the extra work. We’ve all found so much ____29____ in this attempt.
My oldest child is _____30_____making butter. It’s something she’s wanted to do with raw milk for years. The kids all take turns churning the milk in the bottle. _____31_____ it’s fully butter the kids are so _____32_____ to pull the churn off the bottle and glimpse inside. They’ve had even more fun making their own little butters.
Not everyone’s picture of a _____33_____ life is the same. How you raise your kids influences what the next generation will _____34_____ and what type of work ethic (职业道德) they’ll have. Don’t be afraid to take a step back with your family to a _____35_____ life.
21 A. escaping B. rebuilding C. living D. celebrating
22. A. cheap B. convenient C. advanced D. wonderful
23. A. step B. life C. memory D. generation
24. A. fit in B. hold on C. grow up D. settle down
25. A. history B. togetherness C. acceptance D. commitment
26. A. tough B. firm C. crucial D. light
27. A. effort B. trouble C. practice D. confidence
28. A. put off B. given up C. returned to D. complained about
29. A. butter B. joy C. power D. skill
30. A. longing for B. living on C. setting about D. keeping up
31. A. Unless B. Though C. Once D. Until
32. A. relieved B. shocked C. exhausted D. excited
33. A. rewarding B. peaceful C. normal D. harmonious
34. A. regret B. appreciate C. suspect D. envy
35. A. healthier B. quieter C. richer D. simpler
第二节 (15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
March 21 is World Sleep Day, an international annual event, which ____36____ (intend) to be a celebration of sleep and a call to pay attention to sleep, for sleepiness and sleeplessness are a global problem that ____37____(threat) health and the quality of people’s life.
It is a day ____38____ people around the world care about their sleep and also ask them a ____39____(vary) of questions about sleep.
Why do we need sleep Nobody can give a perfect answer to this question. However, recently tests ____40____(show) that lack of sleep over about four weeks _____41_____ (contribute) to a strong drop in body temperature, great weight _____42_____ (lose) and finally sickness.
Different people need different amounts of sleep. Eight hours a night is considered the average amount of sleep. The least number of sleeping hours _____43_____ (recommend) by doctors is ten hours for primary school students, nine for junior high school students and eight for senior high school students. We find it quite _____44_____ (surprise) that some people seem to get along well with very little sleep at night. For example, Thomas Edison said that sleep was a waste of time. He did, however, take naps during the day. And Albert Einstein said that he needed ten hours’ sleep a night.
Do you have some of the most useful suggestions for_____45_____ good night’s sleep
第四部分 写作(40分)
第一节 句子翻译(10分)
46. 尽管智能手机给人们生活带来了许多便捷，但其负面影响不容忽视。(汉译英)
47. 我写这封信是为了向您表达我们的感激之情，因为我们都从您上周所做的讲座中受益良多。(汉译英)
48. 药品不应放在儿童容易够得到的地方。(access) (汉译英)
49. 直到经历了真正的苦难后，他才意识到对家人的爱是多么的重要。(not until部分倒装)(汉译英)
50. 观众是如此的激动以至于他们都迫不及待地要和表演者们交谈。(倒装句)(汉译英)
51. 当她迎接她那失散多年的姐妹时，幸福的眼泪顺着她的脸颊流了下来。(汉译英)
52. 母亲的鼓励使我坚信我肯定能赢得中国诗歌比赛的冠军。(同位语从句)(汉译英)
53. 我们还应牢记，我们的生活方式与我们的习俗、传统和文化有着密切的关系。(汉译英)
54. 他愤怒地走进了房间，打翻了桌上的花瓶。(汉译英)
55. 这门课程主要针对入门班的学生，作者希望他们能打好汉字的基础。(汉译英)
第二节 单句填空(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
56. The invention would have a wide range of ____________ (apply) in industry.（所给词的适当形式填空）
57. Pakistan came into________ (exist) as an independent country after the war.（所给词的适当形式填空）
58. To avoid____________(confuse), please write the children’s names clearly on all their school clothes. (所给词的适当形式填空)
59. There were only seven of us on the _________(advance) course. (所给词的适当形式填空)
60. The town has changed beyond______________(recognize) since I was last here. (所给词的适当形式填空）
第三节 应用文(满分15分)
61. 你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以Be smart online learners为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：
1. 分析优势与不足；
2. 提出学习建议。
注意：
1. 词数100左右;
2. 题目和首句已为你写好。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第四节 读后续写(10分)
62. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Amy and I had been best friends since primary school and spent almost every day with each other. Sometimes, other children said we were no fun because we were both very academic(学术的) and liked to study, but we liked it that way. Both of us were very hard-working and always got good grades at school.
I thought we would be like this forever, however, our friendship was on the rocks recently.
One Monday, we had a surprise math quiz. I thought it was quite easy and was not worried about the results.
I must have sounded very proud of myself after the quiz, saying how easy it was and how I was sure to get a good grade. And many classmates looked at me with admiration.
The next day after class, my math teacher told me that I had the lowest grade in the class! I felt so ashamed and couldn’t believe it; I must be really stupid to fail a simple math quiz!
Afterwards, I pretended to be cheerful and greeted others with a smile as usual, but Amy sensed something was wrong.
We went to wash our hands in the girls’ washroom before lunch. She patted me on the shoulder and asked me what happened. Seeing her concerned look, I had to admit how badly I had done in the math quiz. I begged her not to tell anyone else, and couldn’t help sobbing (啜泣). She held me tightly, saying she would keep my secret, and cheered me up.
However, the next day, I noticed that my classmates were staring at me as I came into math class, when I went to sit down, I was shocked to find a piece of paper on my desk that said, “...Stupid Sarah got a D!” I was so upset that I felt like crying.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then I began to cry, wondering who let out my secret—was it Amy
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When hearing the truth from Alice, I was shocked and couldn’t wait to find Amy to apologize.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案：1-20 BABAC CCBAB AACAB CBACA2022-2023江西省宜丰中学期末考试英语试卷
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What color is the cat
A. Blue. B. Grey. C. Brown.
2. When does the woman usually wake up in the morning
A. At 7:00. B. At 8:00. C. At 11:00.
3. Where are the speakers
A. At home. B. At an art exhibition hall. C. At the park.
4. Why does the man feel painful according to the woman
A. He lacks exercise. B. He has an old injury. C. He fell down.
5. What do the speakers think about the new tea shop
A. It is good to relax there. B. It is more special than other brands.
C. It is a waste of time lining up for its tea.
第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。
6. What are the speakers doing now
A. Taking photos. B. Posing for pictures.(摆姿势) C. Looking at an album(相册)
7. Which photos does the woman appreciate the most
A. Photos about beauty in people. B. Photos about beauty in mountains.
C. Photos about beauty in the little things.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至10题。
8 What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A sports game. B. A school training. C. A fire accident.
9. What can students take from the classroom if they act quickly
A. All of their things. B. None of their things. C. Some of their things.
10. Who will inform students when it is time to return
A. A student. B. The headmaster. C. A teacher.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至13题。
11. Which grade is the woman’s niece in now
A. Grade Five. B. Grade Six. C. Grade Seven.
12. What is the right thing for people to do according to the man
A. Letting kids enjoy their childhood. B. Exposing kids to adult world earlier.
C. Preparing kids for high school ahead of time.
13. Why was the man’s niece so happy
A. She didn’t have to go to school. B. She didn’t have to brush her teeth.
C. She thought she could stay up longer.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至17题。
14. Why are the speakers at the exhibition
A. To sell artworks. B. To meet an artist. C. To have an interview.
15. What does the art blogger like about the exhibition
A. Its style. B. Its colour. C. Its size.
16. What does the man say about the sculptures
A. They are worth appreciating. B. They are boring for some people.
C. They are not easy for some people.
17. What will the woman probably do next
A. Buy more wine. B. Get some change. C. Text the man.
听下面一段独白，回答第18至20题。
18. What has happened in a small town in the Arctic(北极)
A. Polar bears have crowded into the small town.
B. Residents have been forced to leave their houses.
C. Arctic ice near the town has been melting rapidly.
19. What did the town officials suggest the residents do
A. Feed the bears. B. Shoot the animals. C. Keep their garbage inside.
20. Why will relocating the bears be so difficult
A. Good places are hard to find. B. The bears are extremely dangerous.
C. Humans are driving the bears away.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分 40 分)
第一节 (共 11 小题;每小题 2.5 分, 满分 27.5 分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和 D)中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
POETRY CHALLENGE
Write a poem about how courage, determination, and strength have helped you face challenges in your life.
Prizes
3 Grand Prizes:Trip to Washington, D.C. for each of three winners, a parent and one other person of the winner’s choice. Trip includes round-trip air tickets, hotel stay for two nights, and tours of the National Air and Space Museum and the office of National Geographic World.
6 First Prizes:The book Sky Pioneer:A Photobiography of Amelia Earhart signed by author Corinne Szabo and pilot Linda Finch.
50 Honorable Mentions:Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earhart’s final flight.
Rules
Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification.
■Write a poem using 100 words or fewer. Your poem can be any format, any number of lines.
■Write by hand or type on a single sheet of paper. You may use both the front and back of the paper.
■On the same sheet of paper, write or type your name, address, telephone number, and birth date.
■Mail your entry to us by October 31 this year.
1. How many people can each grand prize winner take on the free trip
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Six.
2. What will each of the honorable mention winners get
A A plane ticket. B. A book by Corinne Szabo.
C. A special T-shirt. D. A photo of Amelia Earhart.
3. Which of the following will result in disqualification
A. Typing your poem out. B. Writing a poem of 120 words.
C. Using both sides of the paper. D. Mailing your entry on October 30.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。本文是一篇诗歌大赛的征稿启事。文章就参赛作品的内容、奖项、参赛规则等做了介绍。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中第一段中的“Trip to Washington, D.C. for each of three winners, a parent and one other person of the winner's choice”可知，每位获奖者都可以带一名家长和另一名由获奖者选择的人员。因此，每位获奖者可以带两个人。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中第三段“50 Honorable Mentions: Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earhart's final flight”可知，每位优秀奖获奖者都将获得一件纪念埃尔哈特最后一次飞行的T恤。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一部分中的“Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification. Write a poem using 100 words or fewer”可知，所写的诗字数不能超过100字。否则，将会被取消资格。故结合选项，B选项(写一首120字的诗)是会被取消资格的。故选B。
B
From Santa Barbara to Scotland, strangers are becoming friends by going on bike rides together. They get paired up by Cycling Without Age, an organization that helps seniors go for bike rides, even if they can’t pedal themselves.
Hugh Lyon and David Lawrence, who are roughly 20 years apart in age, have been riding together for years. The 56-year-old Lawrence serves as a “pilot”, driving the trishaw—a bike with a passenger seat in the front that Cycling Without Age uses for their rides. They go for rides about once a week often discussing the history of their town.
“Despite my deceased parents, it gives me a connection with people from an older generation,” said Lawrence “and I enjoy spending time with them and hearing their stories.”
The pair have formed a friendship outside of cycling. Lawrence said he calls Lyon often and goes to the gym with him to help him with exercises he can’t do on his own.
Ole Kassow, who founded Cycling Without Age, said that’s the power of the program. “The truly powerful thing about these bike rides is that they tie people and stories together to create new relationships,” he told CBS News. “In my friendships—and the ability to form new relationships at any age—are what define a good life, and often also a long and happy life.”
John Boettner started the Santa Barbara chapter. He has one rule for passengers. “They say, ‘What does it cost if I’m going to go for a ride ’ I say, ‘Here’s what it costs: You have to wave. If you don’t wave, I’m going to kick you out,’” he joked. He said he likes when they hit red lights, because it gives them a chance to connect with people on the road. “Driving the trishaw is the best advertisement for Cycling Without Age”, Boettner said, “When you take a 101-year-old woman for a bike ride and she holds your hand tight and says thank you and gives you a kiss on the cheek, it doesn’t get any better than that.”
4. What did Lawrence benefit from Cycling Without Age
A. Picking up forgotten stories. B. Improving his health condition.
C. Understanding his parents’ love. D. Creating a relationship with seniors.
5. Why did Ole Kassow mention “friendships”
A. To share the pleasure of cycling. B. To state the nature of happiness.
C. To show the value of the program. D. To introduce the definition of a good life.
6. What can we learn from Boettner’s words in the last paragraph
A. The program needs to be advertised. B. Passengers have to pay for their rides.
C. Red lights connect people on the road. D. Bike riders feel fulfilled by offering rides.
7. What is the best title for this article
A. Every cloud has a silver lining B. Friendship on the wheels
C. Grow through life D. Happiness is a journey, not a destination
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道，介绍了一个帮助人们通过骑自行车来建立友谊的骑行组织。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段““Despite my deceased parents, it gives me a connection with people from an older generation,” said Lawrence “and I enjoy spending time with them and hearing their stories.”(劳伦斯说:“尽管我的父母已经去世，但它让我与老一辈的人建立了联系，我喜欢和他们在一起，听他们的故事。”)”可知，劳伦斯从“无年龄骑行”中与长辈建立了关系。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Ole Kassow, who founded Cycling Without Age, said that’s the power of the program.(Ole Kassow是“无年龄骑行”的创始人，他说这就是这个项目的力量)”及““The truly powerful thing about these bike rides is that they tie people and stories together to create new relationships,” he told CBS News.(他在接受哥伦比亚广播公司采访时表示:“骑自行车真正强大的地方在于，它们把人和故事联系在一起，创造了新的关系。”)”及下文他提到友谊举例可知，Ole Kassow提及“友谊”是为了展示这个项目的价值。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““They say, ‘What does it cost if I’m going to go for a ride ’ I say, ‘Here’s what it costs: You have to wave. If you don’t wave, I’m going to kick you out,’” he joked.(“他们说，‘如果我要去兜风，要花多少钱？’我说，‘这就是它的花销：你必须挥手。如果你不挥手，我就把你踢出去，’”他开玩笑说)”及““Driving the trishaw is the best advertisement for Cycling Without Age”, Boettner said, “When you take a 101-year-old woman for a bike ride and she holds your hand tight and says thank you and gives you a kiss on the cheek, it doesn’t get any better than that.”(“驾驶三轮车是‘无年龄骑行’的最佳广告，”博特纳说，“当你带着一位101岁的老妇人去骑自行车，她紧紧握住你的手，对你说谢谢，并亲吻你的脸颊，这真是再好不过了。”)”可推知，从Boettner的话中，我们可以知道，骑自行车的人会因为提供骑车服务而感到满足。故选D项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“From Santa Barbara to Scotland, strangers are becoming friends by going on bike rides together. They get paired up by Cycling Without Age, an organization that helps seniors go for bike rides, even if they can’t pedal themselves.(从圣巴巴拉到苏格兰，陌生人通过一起骑自行车成为朋友。他们被“无年龄骑行”组织配对，这是一个帮助老年人骑自行车的组织，即使他们不能自己骑自行车)”及全文内容可知，本文介绍了“无年龄骑行”组织，这是一个通过骑自行车来帮助人与人之间建立友谊的组织。B选项“Friendship on the wheels(车轮上的友谊)”符合主旨，适合作为本文最佳标题。故选B项。
C
People who have kids live longer than those who remain childless, an academic study has suggested. Researchers believe it is because adults’ immune systems are “refreshed” when kids go to nursery and start picking up infections.
During the course of someone’s life, their immune system can become weaker. But when kids start bringing infections home, their parents’ immune systems get a workout. Non-parents — unless they are teachers or nurses perhaps — do not get the same exposure to infection.
Writing in the journal Scientific Reports, Miguel Portela said parents had less risk of dying from infection than non-parents and if they did, it was about five years later. He said that “a parent’s immune system is refreshed by a child’s infections at a time when their own protection starts wearing thin.” He added, “With this improved immune system, the parent has a better chance to defend whatever infections that might strike when old and weak and parenthood is rewarded in individual terms through an improved immunization against infections.” Naturally there are other reasons why some people live longer than others, but they may not be comparable with becoming a parent. The academics say that high income and house ownership are always associated with higher survival but less so than having children.
Mr. Portela admits the research is far from complete, saying that while the results “record a relationship between the presence of children and death rate, the specific transmission mechanisms remain unclear. He acknowledges the presence of other, perhaps behavioral factors in parents which result in changed death rate compared to individuals without children.” He adds, “While the relationships of lifestyle choices such as smoking, obesity, drinking and other behavioral factors with life expectancy and causes of death are well studied and understood, the same cannot be said for the individual decision to become a parent”.
8. Why did Mr. Portela say “parents had less risk of dying from infection than non-parents”
A. Parents have healthier lifestyles.
B. Parents have less exposure to infection.
C. Parents have higher ability to fight against infections.
D. Parents have less experience to fight against infections.
9. How are parents protected against infections
A. By being exposed to their kids’ infection. B. By working out with their kids.
C. By refreshing their kids’ life. D. By strengthening their kids’ infection.
10. What can we infer from the research
A. Rich life benefits parents more than having children.
B. Lack of sleep has nothing to do with life expectancy.
C. The presence of children can improve parents’ health
D. Behavioral factors contribute to higher death rate than having no children.
11. What’s the best title for the passage
A. Parents and Non-parents B. How to Achieve Longer Life Expectancy
C. How Is Parents’ Immune Systems Changed D. Children’s Effect on Parents’ Immune System
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。一项学术研究表明，有孩子的人比没有孩子的人寿命更长。研究人员认为，这是因为当孩子们去托儿所并开始感染病毒时，成年人的免疫系统会“焕然一新”。文章主要解释了产生这一现象的原因，研究人员表示父母通过接触孩子的感染来对抗感染，从而更长寿。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“He said that “a parent’s immune system is refreshed by a child’s infections at a time when their own protection starts wearing thin.” He added, “With this improved immune system, the parent has a better chance to defend whatever infections that might strike when old and weak and parenthood is rewarded in individual terms through an improved immunization against infections.”(他说：“当父母的免疫系统开始失去保护作用的时候，孩子的感染使他们的免疫系统恢复了活力。”他补充说：“有了这种改进的免疫系统，当年老体弱时，父母就有更好的机会防御任何可能袭击他们的感染，而在个人方面，父母通过提高对感染的免疫得到了奖励。”)”可知，Portela先生说“有孩子的人比没有孩子的人死于感染的风险更小”，是因为父母对抗感染的能力更高。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“During the course of someone’s life, their immune system can become weaker. But when kids start bringing infections home, their parents’ immune systems get a workout. (在人的一生中，他们的免疫系统会变得更弱。但是，当孩子们把传染病带回家时，他们父母的免疫系统就得到了锻炼)”以及第三段中“He said that “a parent’s immune system is refreshed by a child’s infections at a time when their own protection starts wearing thin.”(他说：“当父母的免疫系统开始失去保护作用的时候，孩子的感染使他们的免疫系统恢复了活力。”)”可知，父母通过接触孩子的感染来对抗感染。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Researchers believe it is because adults’ immune systems are “refreshed” when kids go to nursery and start picking up infections.(研究人员认为，这是因为当孩子们去托儿所并开始感染病毒时，成年人的免疫系统会“焕然一新”)”以及第三段中“He said that “a parent’s immune system is refreshed by a child’s infections at a time when their own protection starts wearing thin.” He added, “With this improved immune system, the parent has a better chance to defend whatever infections that might strike when old and weak and parenthood is rewarded in individual terms through an improved immunization against infections.”(他说：“当父母的免疫系统开始失去保护作用的时候，孩子的感染使他们的免疫系统恢复了活力。”他补充说：“有了这种改进的免疫系统，当年老体弱时，父母就有更好的机会防御任何可能袭击他们的感染，而在个人方面，父母通过提高对感染的免疫得到了奖励。”)”故我们能从研究中推断出儿童的存在可以改善父母的健康。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“People who have kids live longer than those who remain childless, an academic study has suggested. Researchers believe it is because adults’ immune systems are “refreshed” when kids go to nursery and start picking up infections. (一项学术研究表明，有孩子的人比没有孩子的人寿命更长。研究人员认为，这是因为当孩子们去托儿所并开始感染病毒时，成年人的免疫系统会“焕然一新”)”结合文章主要解释了产生这一现象的原因，研究人员表示父母通过接触孩子的感染来对抗感染，从而更长寿。可知，D选项“孩子对父母免疫系统的影响”最符合文章标题。故选D。
D
What was once science fiction is now a part of our everyday lives, as artificial intelligence (AI) is something that many of us live alongside. According to Statista, in 2019, 3.25 billion virtual assistants were used worldwide and that figure is predicted to be more than double by 2014.
AI is doing more for us than setting reminders, making recommendations, and offering us weather reports. In fact, it could be about to change the healthcare landscape entirely. It is estimated that one in eight people today use health apps regularly. And AI has more to offer.
Dr Emilia Molimpakis is a neuroscientist who co-founded thymia, a platform that uses AI powered games to help doctors spot depression.
“I was inspired to start thymia after seeing my best friend struggle with depression,” she says, “I saw her try to go through the psychiatric (精神病学的) system and fall through the cracks. Despite being seen by a psychiatrist, she ended up trying to take her own life. When that happened, I was the one who found her, and this experience impressed me.”
Aside from blaming herself for not recognizing the signs sooner, what she could not get her head around was how the psychiatrist should not see this coming. She realized that the tools psychiatrists used were still these old-fashioned, pen-and-paper questionnaires that have been found, time and again, to be subjective and not reflecting a patient’s actual mental health status. So, thymia was born.
But as we look into the future, what should we be aware of Before we dive in head-first, there are still questions we need to answer. As Dr Molimpakis points out, it’s vitally important that AI tools used in healthcare must be trained on a diverse data set that is typical of all groups of people. It should also be used alongside, and in addition to, professional care—not as a replacement. We should also consider carefully how our health data is stored and used. These are topics that both users and professionals have a responsibility to consider.
12. Where is the text probably taken from
A. An AI guide. B. A research paper.
C. A health magazine D. An encyclopedia.
13. What is the purpose of creating thymia
A. To cure depression. B. To train doctors.
C. To detect signs of illness. D. To design questionnaires.
14. What do the underlined words “get her head around” mean in Paragraph 5
A. Get over. B. Figure out. C. Make up. D. Turn down.
15. What can we learn about the application of AI tools in the last paragraph
A. It needs further improvement.
B. It was a double-edged sword.
C. It will develop into professional care.
D It can make professionals more responsible.
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人工智能在医疗方面的应用。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“In fact, it could be about to change the healthcare landscape entirely. It is estimated that one in eight people today use health apps regularly. And AI has more to offer.(事实上，它可能会彻底改变医疗保健行业的格局。据估计，如今有八分之一的人经常使用健康应用程序。人工智能可以提供更多的东西。)”和文章第三段“Dr Emilia Molimpakis is a neuroscientist who co-founded thymia, a platform that uses AI powered games to help doctors spot depression.(Emilia Molimpakis博士是一名神经学家，她与人共同创立了thymia，这是一个利用人工智能游戏帮助医生发现抑郁症的平台。)”可推知，文章有可能出自一本健康杂志。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Dr Emilia Molimpakis is a neuroscientist who co-founded thymia, a platform that uses AI powered games to help doctors spot depression.(Emilia Molimpakis博士是一名神经学家，她与人共同创立了thymia，这是一个利用人工智能游戏帮助医生发现抑郁症的平台。)”可知，创造thymia的目的是为了发现疾病的征兆。故选C。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文“Aside from blaming herself for not recognizing the signs sooner(除了责怪自己没有早点意识到这些迹象之外)”和下文“how the psychiatrist should not see this coming.(精神科医生怎么就不能预见到这一点。)”可知，精神科医生不能预见抑郁症的迹象也是她无法理解的。由此可知，“get her head around”意为“理解，明白”，与figure out（理解，弄清楚）意思接近。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Before we dive in head-first, there are still questions we need to answer. As Dr Molimpakis points out, it’s vitally important that AI tools used in healthcare must be trained on a diverse data set that is typical of all groups of people. It should also be used alongside, and in addition to, professional care—not as a replacement. We should also consider carefully how our health data is stored and used. These are topics that both users and professionals have a responsibility to consider.(在我们一头扎进去之前，还有一些问题需要回答。正如Molimpakis博士所指出的那样，医疗保健中使用的人工智能工具必须在所有人群的典型多样化数据集上进行训练，这一点至关重要。它也应该与专业护理一起使用，而不是作为替代品。我们还应该仔细考虑如何存储和使用我们的健康数据。这些是用户和专业人员都有责任考虑的主题。)”可推知，我们在最后一段了解到人工智能工具的应用需要进一步的改进。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How many books have you finished since high school Between study, work, family, and social lives, trying to find time to read needs more effort than a relaxing hobby. How can you get reading books into your full schedule ____16____
Borrow more books than you can read. Libraries have very large “limits” on books you can take out. ____17____ Return anything you don’t like. Some of the most efficient readers return five out of six books unread. This is not something to be ashamed of.
____18____ If you have a whole morning to read, you might hope for more kinds. People who read a lot have something going to suit all tastes.
Try the 50-page rule. If you feel you have to finish all the books you start, you may be stuck in something boring and not read again for weeks. ____19____ You’ll find something else you love more soon.
Don’t care about any thoughts about what you “should” be reading. It is OK if you are not so interested in the world’s great literature. Read what you want. ____20____ If you’re only reading because you “should” read, then over time, reading will drop from the top of your list down to laundry level or going to the dentist.
A. Read more than one book at a time.
B. You may have trouble deciding what to read first.
C. Here’s how to make more time for your favorite books.
D. So go crazy and borrow anything that looks interesting.
E. Quit after a few dozen pages if you’re not feeling into it.
F. Reading is one of the most pleasurable activities out there.
G. People don’t do well with the feelings of suffering long term.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. A 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要告诉我们如何在日常生活中多读书。
【16题详解】
根据上文“How can you get reading books into your full schedule (你怎样才能把读书纳入你的全部日程？)”可知，上文提出问题，你怎样才能把读书纳入你的全部日程，C项“Here’s how to make more time for your favorite books.（以下是如何为你最喜欢的书腾出更多的时间）”能够承接上文，且能引起下文，下文具体介绍了如何在生活中养成阅读习惯，读更多的书。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Borrow more books than you can read. Libraries have very large “limits” on books you can take out. (借的书比你能读的还多。图书馆对你可以带出去的书有很大的“限制”。)”可知，上文告诉我们尽可以多借书，图书馆允许我们借多本书，D项“So go crazy and borrow anything that looks interesting.（所以，疯狂地去借任何看起来有趣的东西。）”与上文构成因果关系，图书馆允许我们借多本书，所以去借任何看起来有趣的书吧。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据下文“If you have a whole morning to read, you might hope for more kinds. (如果你有一整个上午的时间阅读，你可能希望读更多种类的书。)”可知，上文告诉我们如果你时间充裕，可以读更多种类的书，A项“Read more than one book at a time.（一次读多本书。）”能引起下文，如果你时间充裕，可以一次读多本书。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据上文“If you feel you have to finish all the books you start, you may be stuck in something boring and not read again for weeks. (如果你觉得你必须读完你开始读的所有书，你可能会陷入无聊的境地，好几个星期都不会再读书了。)”可知，上文告诉我们没有必要读完我们不感兴趣的书，E项“Quit after a few dozen pages if you’re not feeling into it.（如果你不感兴趣，在读了几十页之后就放弃。）”能承接上文，没有必要读完我们不感兴趣的书，如果你不感兴趣，在读了几十页之后就放弃。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Don’t care about any thoughts about what you “should” be reading. It is OK if you are not so interested in the world’s great literature. Read what you want. (不要在意任何关于你“应该”读什么的想法。如果你对世界上伟大的文学不那么感兴趣，那也没关系。阅读你想要的内容。)”可知，上文告诉我们要读我们感兴趣的书，而不是读我们“应该”读的书，G项“People don’t do well with the feelings of suffering long term.（人们不能很好地处理长期受苦的感觉。）”能承接上文，如果我们读我们不感兴趣的书，长期下去，会对阅读失去兴趣，因为们不能很好地处理长期受苦的感觉。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Do you have any idea how rewarding it is to spread homemade butter on bread Most of my generation may not know but ask my kids—they think they’re truly ____21____ the life.
I feel like we took a step “backward” when we bought a cow. How ____22____ it is to buy milk and butter off the shelf in the store. But I enjoy the ____23____ back. It adds so much simplicity to our lives. My children will ____24____ with many memories of a sweet milk cow, fresh butter and bread, and family ____25____.
Adding a milk cow to our home wasn’t a ____26____ decision. I knew it would take time and____27____, but I haven’t regretted it. My children also haven’t ____28____ the extra work. We’ve all found so much ____29____ in this attempt.
My oldest child is _____30_____making butter. It’s something she’s wanted to do with raw milk for years. The kids all take turns churning the milk in the bottle. _____31_____ it’s fully butter, the kids are so _____32_____ to pull the churn off the bottle and glimpse inside. They’ve had even more fun making their own little butters.
Not everyone’s picture of a _____33_____ life is the same. How you raise your kids influences what the next generation will _____34_____ and what type of work ethic (职业道德) they’ll have. Don’t be afraid to take a step back with your family to a _____35_____ life.
21. A. escaping B. rebuilding C. living D. celebrating
22. A. cheap B. convenient C. advanced D. wonderful
23. A. step B. life C. memory D. generation
24. A. fit in B. hold on C. grow up D. settle down
25. A. history B. togetherness C. acceptance D. commitment
26. A. tough B. firm C. crucial D. light
27. A. effort B. trouble C. practice D. confidence
28. A. put off B. given up C. returned to D. complained about
29. A. butter B. joy C. power D. skill
30. A. longing for B. living on C. setting about D. keeping up
31. A. Unless B. Though C. Once D. Until
32. A. relieved B. shocked C. exhausted D. excited
33. A. rewarding B. peaceful C. normal D. harmonious
34. A. regret B. appreciate C. suspect D. envy
35. A. healthier B. quieter C. richer D. simpler
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过给家里增加一头奶牛，让孩子们在甜蜜的牛奶、新鲜的黄油和面包以及家庭团聚的回忆中长大，体验真正值得的生活。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们这一代的大多数人可能不知道，但问问我的孩子们——他们认为自己真正过着那种生活。A. escaping逃离；B. rebuilding重建；C. living居住，生活；D. celebrating庆祝。根据“the life”可知，此处表示真正过着的那种生活。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在商店里买现成的牛奶和黄油是多么方便啊。A. cheap便宜的；B. convenient方便的；C. advanced先进的；D. wonderful极好的。根据“to buy milk and butter off the shelf in the store”可知，在商店里买现成的牛奶和黄油是很方便的事。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我喜欢后退一步。A. step步骤，脚步；B. life生活；C. memory记忆；D. generation一代。根据下文“Don’t be afraid to take a step back with your family”可知，此处是信息词step的词汇复现。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的孩子们将在甜蜜的牛奶、新鲜的黄油和面包以及家庭团聚的回忆中长大。A. fit in适合；B. hold on坚持；C. grow up成长，长大；D. settle down定居。根据上文“I feel like we took a step “backward” when we bought a cow.”可知，作者希望自己的孩子们在甜蜜的牛奶、新鲜的黄油和面包以及家庭团聚的回忆中长大。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. history历史；B. togetherness相聚；C. acceptance接受，认可；D. commitment承诺。根据“The kids all take turns churning the milk in the bottle.”可知，在自己生产甜蜜的牛奶、新鲜的黄油和面包的过程中，孩子们获得了家庭团聚的回忆。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：给家里添一头奶牛可不是个轻松的决定。A. tough艰难的；B. firm坚固的；C. crucial至关重要的，关键的；D. light轻松的。根据“I knew it would take time”可知，养一头奶牛不是一个轻松的决定。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析句意：我知道这需要时间和努力，但我并不后悔。A. effort努力；B. trouble麻烦；C. practice练习；D. confidence自信。根据“but I haven’t regretted it”可知虽然添加一头奶牛需要时间和努力，作者并不后悔。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的孩子们也没有抱怨额外的工作。A. put off推迟；B. given up放弃；C. returned to返回；D. complained about抱怨。根据“the extra work.”可知，孩子们没有抱怨额外的工作。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都在这个尝试中找到了很多乐趣。A. butter黄油；B. joy快乐；C. power权力，力量；D. skill技巧。根据“They’ve had even more fun making their own little butters.”可知，作者的家人在养奶牛的尝试中找到了很多乐趣。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我最大的孩子渴望做黄油。A. longing for渴望；B. living on以……为主食；C. setting about着手；D. keeping up保持。根据“It’s something she’s wanted to do with raw milk for years.”可知，作者最大的孩子渴望自己做黄油。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：一旦完全变成黄油，孩子们就会兴奋地把搅乳器从瓶子上拿下来，看一看里面。A. Unless除非；B. Though尽管；C. Once一旦；D. Until直到。此处表示“一旦”，用once引导时间状语从句。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. relieved感到宽慰的；B. shocked震惊的；C. exhausted筋疲力尽的；D. excited兴奋的。根据“They’ve had even more fun making their own little butters.”可知，自己做黄油有很多乐趣，孩子们很兴奋。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：并不是每个人对有意义生活的想象都是一样的。A. rewarding值得的；B. peaceful和平的；C. normal正常的；D. harmonious和谐的。根据上文“Do you have any idea how rewarding it is to spread homemade butter on bread ”可知，此处是信息词rewarding的词汇复现。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你如何培养你的孩子会影响下一代的欣赏和他们会有什么样的职业道德。A. regret后悔；B. appreciate欣赏，感激；C. suspect怀疑；D. envy羡慕。根据“How you raise your kids influences”可知，作者认为培养孩子的过程会影响孩子对生活的欣赏。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不要害怕和你的家人退后一步，过上更简单的生活。A. healthier更健康的；B. quieter更安静的；C. richer更富有的；D. simpler更简单的。根据“It adds so much simplicity to our lives.”可知，作者呼吁后退一步，让家人过上更简单的生活。故选D。
第二节 (15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
March 21 is World Sleep Day, an international annual event, which ____36____ (intend) to be a celebration of sleep and a call to pay attention to sleep, for sleepiness and sleeplessness are a global problem that ____37____(threat) health and the quality of people’s life.
It is a day ____38____ people around the world care about their sleep and also ask them a ____39____(vary) of questions about sleep.
Why do we need sleep Nobody can give a perfect answer to this question. However, recently tests ____40____(show) that lack of sleep over about four weeks _____41_____ (contribute) to a strong drop in body temperature, great weight _____42_____ (lose) and finally sickness.
Different people need different amounts of sleep. Eight hours a night is considered the average amount of sleep. The least number of sleeping hours _____43_____ (recommend) by doctors is ten hours for primary school students, nine for junior high school students and eight for senior high school students. We find it quite _____44_____ (surprise) that some people seem to get along well with very little sleep at night. For example, Thomas Edison said that sleep was a waste of time. He did, however, take naps during the day. And Albert Einstein said that he needed ten hours’ sleep a night.
Do you have some of the most useful suggestions for_____45_____ good night’s sleep
【答案】36. is intended
37. threatens
38. when 39. variety
40. have shown
41. contributes
42. loss 43. recommended
44. surprising
45. a##per
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了睡眠的重要性以及适当的睡眠时间。
【36题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：3月21日是世界睡眠日，这是一个国际性的年度活动，旨在庆祝睡眠，并呼吁人们关注睡眠，因为嗜睡和失眠是一个威胁着人们健康和生活质量的全球性问题。考查从句谓语动词，根据上文可知，从句时态为一般现在时；主语为which，即“an international annual event”，单数，和动词“intend”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is intended。
【37题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：3月21日是世界睡眠日，这是一个国际性的年度活动，旨在庆祝睡眠，并呼吁人们关注睡眠，因为嗜睡和失眠是一个威胁着人们健康和生活质量的全球性问题。这里为从句谓语动词，用名词“threat”的动词“threaten”的适当形式。根据上文可知，从句时态为一般现在时；主语为that，即“a global problem”，单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填threatens。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在这一天，世界各地的人们都会关心他们的睡眠，也会问他们各种关于睡眠的问题。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“a day”，在定语从句中担当时间状语，用关系副词when引导。故填when。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：在这一天，世界各地的人们都会关心他们的睡眠，也会问他们各种关于睡眠的问题。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式，构成短语：a variety of，意为“各种各样的……”。故填variety。
【40题详解】
考查时态。句意：然而，最近的测试表明，超过四周的睡眠不足会导致体温急剧下降，体重急剧下降，最后生病。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“recently”可知，本句为现在完成时；主语为tests，复数，谓语动词用复数形式。故填have shown。
【41题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，最近的测试表明，超过四周的睡眠不足会导致体温急剧下降，体重急剧下降，最后生病。这里为从句的谓语动词，根据上下文可知，从句时态为一般现在时；主语为“lack of sleep over about four weeks”，单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填contributes。
42题详解】
考查名词。句意：然而，最近的测试表明，超过四周的睡眠不足会导致体温急剧下降，体重急剧下降，最后生病。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式，构成短语“weight loss”，意为“体重下降”。故填loss。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：医生建议的最低睡眠时间是小学生10小时，初中生9小时，高中生8小时。这里为非谓语动词担当后置定语，和被修饰词“the least number of sleeping hours”之间存在被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填recommended。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我们发现有些人晚上睡得很少却过得很好，这很令人惊讶。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词担当宾语补足语，surprise的形容词为：surprised，意为“感到惊讶的”，修饰人；surprising，意为“令人惊讶的”，修饰物。根据句意可知，空处用surprising。故填surprising。
【45题详解】
考查冠词或介词。句意：你有什么最有用的建议可以让你拥有一个美好夜晚的睡眠吗？修饰可数名词单数，表泛指，用不定冠词，因此可以填a。也可以是考查介词，表示“每个”，用介词“per”。故填a/per。
第四部分 写作(40分)
第一节 句子翻译(10分)
46. 尽管智能手机给人们生活带来了许多便捷，但其负面影响不容忽视。(汉译英)
【答案】Despite the great convenience smart phones have brought about to people’s life, its side effects can’t be ignored.
【解析】
【详解】考查介词、短语、定语从句和时态。“尽管”用介词despite，后接名词作宾语。“带来”用短语bring about；“许多便捷”翻译为 the great convenience，后接定语从句，先行词convenience在定语从句中作宾语，所以省略关系代词which或that；“负面影响”用短语side effects ；“忽视”英文为ignore。主语side effects与ignore之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态，定语从句强调过去动作对现在造成的影响，所以用现在完成时。根据句意，故翻译为Despite the great convenience smart phones have brought about to people’s life, its side effects can’t be ignored.
47. 我写这封信是为了向您表达我们的感激之情，因为我们都从您上周所做的讲座中受益良多。(汉译英)
【答案】I am writing to express our gratitude because we all benefited a lot from your lecture last week.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、不定式和原因状语从句。表达“我写信来”（用现在进行时）的英文是I am writing，后接动词不定式表目的；“表达”的英文是express，“感激之情”的英文是gratitude；“受益良多”的英文是benefit a lot from，“讲座”的英文是lecture，表示原因用because引导原因状语从句，故翻译为I am writing to express our gratitude because we all benefited a lot from your lecture last week。
48. 药品不应放在儿童容易够得到的地方。(access) (汉译英)
【答案】Drugs should not be placed where the children can access easily.
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词、语态和地点状语从句。“药品”英文为drug，为可数名词，泛指，所以用复数形式，在句中作主语；“不应放”用情态动词should not；“放”用动词place，与主语drugs之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态；后接where引导的地点状语从句，表示“……的地方”；“儿童容易够得到”翻译为the children can access easily。根据句意，故翻译为Drugs should not be placed where the children can access easily.
49. 直到经历了真正的苦难后，他才意识到对家人的爱是多么的重要。(not until部分倒装)(汉译英)
【答案】Not until he went through real hardship did he realize love for his family was very important.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态、宾语从句和倒装结构。全句陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。“直到……才……”用短语not until；否定词位于句首，主句用部分倒装结构，将助动词did提到主句主语love for his family (对家人的爱)前。“经历”用短语go through；“意识到”用动词realize，后接宾语从句，从句结构完整，用只起连接作用的that，可省略；“对家人的爱是多么的重要”翻译为love for his family was very important。根据句意，故翻译为Not until he went through real hardship did he realize love for his family was very important.
50. 观众是如此的激动以至于他们都迫不及待地要和表演者们交谈。(倒装句)(汉译英)
【答案】So excited was the audience that they couldn’t wait to talk to the performers.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和倒装句。句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。“如此……以至于”为固定句型so+形容词/副词+that...引导结果状语从句，当so+形容词/副词位于句首，该部分用部分倒装，“激动的”为修饰人的形容词excited，将so excited位于句首，助动词was应提到主语前面，“迫不及待地做某事”为can’t wait to do sth.，此处应用过去式couldn’t wait to do，“和……交谈”为动词短语talk to，“表演者”为名词performers作宾语，故整句翻译为So excited was the audience that they couldn’t wait to talk to the performers.
51. 当她迎接她那失散多年的姐妹时，幸福的眼泪顺着她的脸颊流了下来。(汉译英)
【答案】When she greeted her long-lost sister, tears of happiness rolled down her cheeks.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态和时间状语从句。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。“当……时候”用when引导时间状语从句；“她迎接她那失散多年的姐妹”翻译为she greeted her long-lost sister；“沿……向下滚；顺着……流下来”用短语roll down；“幸福的眼泪顺着她的脸颊流了下来”翻译为tears of happiness rolled down her cheeks。根据句意，故翻译为When she greeted her long-lost sister, tears of happiness rolled down her cheeks.
52. 母亲的鼓励使我坚信我肯定能赢得中国诗歌比赛的冠军。(同位语从句)(汉译英)
【答案】My mother’s encouragement confirms me in the belief that I will surely win the championship of Chinese Poetry Competition.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态和同位语从句。主句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。“母亲的鼓励”翻译为My mother’s encouragement，为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，在句中作主语；“使某人更坚定（信念等）”用短语confirm sb. in；后接宾语belief (信念)，后接同位语从句，解释说明抽象名词belief的内容；从句不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以用连词that引导；“我肯定能赢得中国诗歌比赛的冠军”，陈述将要发生的事情，用一般将来时，故翻译为I will surely win the championship of Chinese Poetry Competition。根据句意，故翻译为My mother’s encouragement confirms me in the belief that I will surely win the championship of Chinese Poetry Competition.
53. 我们还应牢记，我们的生活方式与我们的习俗、传统和文化有着密切的关系。(汉译英)
【答案】We should also bear in mind that our way of life is closely related to our customs, traditions, and cultures.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和宾语从句。表示“我们”应用代词we；表示“还”应用副词also；表示“应”应用情态动词should；表示“牢记”应用bear in mind；表示“我们的”应用形容词性物主代词our；表示“生活方式”应用名词短语way of life；表示“习俗”应用名词custom的复数形式，表示泛指；表示“传统”应用名词tradition的复数形式，表示泛指；表示“和”应用连词and；表示“文化”应用名词culture的复数形式，表示泛指；表示“与有着密切的关系”应用动词短语be closely related to；“我们的生活方式与我们的习俗、传统和文化有着密切的关系”是“牢记”的内容，要作宾语从句，从句基本成分完整，上下文意思连贯，用连词that引导，这句话描述的是现在的事实，从句谓语用一般现在时。故翻译为We should also bear in mind that our way of life is closely related to our customs, traditions, and culture.
54. 他愤怒地走进了房间，打翻了桌上的花瓶。(汉译英)
【答案】He walked into the room in anger, upsetting the vase on the table.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态和非谓语动词。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。“走进”用短语walk into；“愤怒地”用短语in anger；“打翻”用动词upset，句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语He与upset之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。“桌上”翻译为 on the table。根据句意，故翻译为He walked into the room in anger, upsetting the vase on the table.
55. 这门课程主要针对入门班的学生，作者希望他们能打好汉字的基础。(汉译英)
【答案】This course is mainly targeted at beginners, whose author hopes that they can lay a good foundation for Chinese characters.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，动词短语和定语从句。句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时。“这门课程主要针对入门班的学生”为主句，“主要地”为副词mainly，“针对”为动词短语be targeted at，“入门班的学生”为beginners，“作者希望他们能打好汉字的基础”处理为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“课程（This course）”，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作“作者”的定语，用关系代词whose。“作者”为名词author，指的是这门课程的作者，为单数意义，“希望”为动词hope，主语是单数，谓语动词应用三单形式，“他们能打好汉字的基础”作宾语，为宾语从句，从句结构完整，用无任何意义只起连接作用的that，“打好……的基础”为lay a good foundation for，“他们能打好汉字的基础”翻译为they can lay a good foundation for Chinese characters，所以“作者希望他们能打好汉字的基础”翻译author hopes that they can lay a good foundation for Chinese characters，故整句翻译为This course is mainly targeted at beginners, whose author hopes that they can lay a good foundation for Chinese characters.
第二节 单句填空(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
56. The invention would have a wide range of ____________ (apply) in industry.（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】applications
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这项发明将在工业上有广泛的应用。分析可知，空处应填名词作have的宾语，结合句意application“应用”符合题意，被a wide range of修饰，应用其复数形式。故填applications。
57. Pakistan came into________ (exist) as an independent country after the war.（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】existence
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：战后巴基斯坦成为了一个独立的国家。空处应填名词作宾语，existence“存在”符合题意，come into existence“成立，开始存在”是固定短语。故填existence。
58. To avoid____________(confuse), please write the children’s names clearly on all their school clothes. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】confusion
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：为了避免混淆，请把孩子们的名字清楚地写在他们的校服上。分析句子结构可知，空处需要名词作avoid的宾语。confusion“混淆”，为不可数名词。故填confusion。
59. There were only seven of us on the _________(advance) course. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】advanced
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：只有我们七个人学高级课程。分析句子可知，course意为“课程”，名词词性，其前应用形容词修饰，advance对应的形容词为advanced，意为“高级的”，句中指高级课程，符合句意。故填advanced。
60. The town has changed beyond______________(recognize) since I was last here. (所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】recognition
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。 句意：自从我上次来这里，这个城镇已经变得都认不出来了。在介词beyond后应是名词；recognize是动词，名词形式为recognition；短语beyond recognition“无法辨认”。故填recognition。
第三节 应用文(满分15分)
61. 你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以Be smart online learners为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：
1. 分析优势与不足；
2. 提出学习建议。
注意：
1. 词数100左右;
2. 题目和首句已为你写好。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】one possible version:
Be smart online learners
Network learning has increasingly become an important means for people to acquire knowledge and solve problems. But being smart online learners has its advantages and disadvantages.
First of all, as smart online learners, we can make full use of the most extensive educational resources to broaden the horizon. Besides, we can take the initiative in our study by ourselves without time and space limit.
Of course, these disadvantages are as follows. Faced with all kinds of information on the internet, we can’t tell the difference between the true and the false, which may be harmful to our study and life. On the other hand, online learning itself has some imperfections, making it difficult for us not to be affected.
In conclusion, we should have a good understanding of its advantages and disadvantages and find a proper way to make our study more efficient.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以Be smart online learners为题写一篇发言稿，参加学校举办的英语演讲比赛。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
充分利用：make full use of→ make the most of
扩宽，丰富：broaden→ enrich
各种各样的：all kinds of→ varieties of
影响：affect→ influence
2. 句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：First of all, as smart online learners, we can make full use of the most extensive educational resources to broaden the horizon.
拓展句：First of all, as smart online learners, we can make full use of the most extensive educational resources in order that we can broaden the horizon.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Faced with all kinds of information on the internet, we can’t tell the difference between the true and the false, which may be harmful to our study and life.（运用了形容词短语作状语，which引导非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】On the other hand, online learning itself has some imperfections, making it difficult for us not to be affected.（运用了现在分词短语作结果状语，it作形式宾语，不定式短语作真正的宾语）
第四节 读后续写(10分)
62. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Amy and I had been best friends since primary school and spent almost every day with each other. Sometimes, other children said we were no fun because we were both very academic(学术的) and liked to study, but we liked it that way. Both of us were very hard-working and always got good grades at school.
I thought we would be like this forever, however, our friendship was on the rocks recently.
One Monday, we had a surprise math quiz. I thought it was quite easy and was not worried about the results.
I must have sounded very proud of myself after the quiz, saying how easy it was and how I was sure to get a good grade. And many classmates looked at me with admiration.
The next day after class, my math teacher told me that I had the lowest grade in the class! I felt so ashamed and couldn’t believe it; I must be really stupid to fail a simple math quiz!
Afterwards, I pretended to be cheerful and greeted others with a smile as usual, but Amy sensed something was wrong.
We went to wash our hands in the girls’ washroom before lunch. She patted me on the shoulder and asked me what happened. Seeing her concerned look, I had to admit how badly I had done in the math quiz. I begged her not to tell anyone else, and couldn’t help sobbing (啜泣). She held me tightly, saying she would keep my secret, and cheered me up.
However, the next day, I noticed that my classmates were staring at me as I came into math class, when I went to sit down, I was shocked to find a piece of paper on my desk that said, “...Stupid Sarah got a D!” I was so upset that I felt like crying.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then I began to cry, wondering who let out my secret—was it Amy
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When hearing the truth from Alice, I was shocked and couldn’t wait to find Amy to apologize.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Then I began to cry, wondering who let out my secret—was it Amy Yes, it must be her since I didn’t tell anyone else. I was so angry that I went straight to Amy and told her we weren’t going to be friends any more because she couldn’t keep her word. She was really upset and swore (发誓) that she hadn’t told anyone. I didn’t believe what she had said and began to avoid her. Several days later, another classmate Alice told me that it was another girl who let out my secret after overhearing (偷听) our talk that day.
When hearing the truth from Alice, I was shocked and couldn’t wait to find Amy to apologize. My mind quickly raced back to the happy moments when Amy and I were together. I couldn’t deny how I missed her these days when I struggled to ignore her. How I wished I hadn’t said such words to her. My heart was pounding when I approached her. “Could you forgive me, Amy ” Dropping my head, I dared not see her. A warm hand held mine and her familiar smile appeared again. With tears streaming down my face, I felt a wave of happiness flooded me. Mutual trust is the secret to lasting friendship.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和朋友Amy之间发生误解又和解的故事。作者和Amy是志趣相投的好友，且一直以来成绩都很好。一次突然的数学突击考试，作者发挥失利，成为成绩最差的那个。看出作者的情绪低落，Amy十分关心。她“偷偷地”将事情告诉了Amy。第二天却因为成绩的问题遭到了同学们的嘲讽。在怀疑Amy“出卖”自己的情况下，作者和Amy之间发生了争吵，却后来从另一个同学那里得知并不是Amy所为。作者很后悔，及时地道歉请求原谅。两个好朋友和解了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Then I began to cry, wondering who let out my secret—was it Amy (然后我开始哭泣，想知道是谁泄露了我的秘密，是Amy吗？)”可知，第一段可描写作者与Amy之间发生的争论，友谊破裂。
②由第二段首句内容“When hearing the truth from Alice, I was shocked and couldn’t wait to find Amy to apologize.(当从Alice那里听到真相时，我很震惊，迫不及待地找到艾米道歉。)”可知，第二段可描写作者向Amy道歉，二人和解。
2.续写线索：作者怀疑Amy——友情决裂——Amy解释——作者不相信Amy——Alice出现告知真相——作者后悔要向Amy道歉——作者与Amy和解
3.词汇激活
行为类
走向：go straight to/walk towards/approach/come to
遵守诺言：keep one’s words/keep one’s promise
告诉：tell sb./inform sb./say to sb.
低下头：drop one’s head/lower one’s head
情绪类
气愤的：angry/mad/ indignant
伤心的：upset/sad/ grieved
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Yes, it must be her since I didn’t tell anyone else.（由since引导原因状语从句）
[高分句型2]. I was so angry that I went straight to Amy and told her we weren’t going to be friends any more because she couldn’t keep her word.（由so…that…引导结果状语从句，because引导原因状语从句）
[高分句型3].I My mind quickly raced back to the happy moments when Amy and I were together.（when引导定语从句）
听力答案：1-20 BABAC CCBAB AACAB CBACA
