(共64张PPT)
Grammar
V-ing form used as
adverbial and object complement
Unit 2 Morals and Virtues
Lead-in
Video
Humaneness
Love, compassion and equality
Morality
Do right actions with the right method
Confucius
Ethics
Community
How people treat their fellowmen in a society, including norms, rules, and customs of a society.
Lead-in
Video
Learning
Learn something new every day and immediately put it into actions through practices.
Character
Character over construction – all humans are born neutral.
Confucius
Ethics
Filial Piety
Respect our family and parents.
Lead-in
What other Chinese traditional virtues do you know
本部分知识点讲解
核心单词
1.operation n．手术；企业；经营
(教材P18)During the operation, she sat in the waiting room for over an hour worrying about him.手术期间，她在候诊室里坐了一个多小时，为他担心。
do/perform an operation (on sb.) (给某人)做手术
in operation 工作中；有效
put sth. into operation 实施
an emergency operation 紧急手术
put sth. into operation 使……运转，启动
come into operation 投入运营
have an operation on sb. 给某人做手术
a rescue operation 营救行动
safe operation 安全操作
The doctor bent over to perform an operation on the patient.医生俯身给病人做手术。
Many private galleries are in operation, with many more opening each year.
很多私人画廊在经营，每年也会有很多新的画廊开业。
The regulations have been put into operation on a trial basis.这些规定已开始试行。
词语积累：
operate vi.运转；动手术 vt.操作
operator n．操作员，经营者
operating adj.操作的，外科手术的
operate a computer操作计算机
operate a company经营一家公司
be easy to operate容易操作
operate on sb.为某人做手术
operating costs运营成本
operating table手术台
误区警示：
operate表示“做手术”时是不及物动词，后面接on，然后接人或者身体的部位；表示“操作”时是及物动词，直接跟宾语。
单句语法填空/完成句子
①The nurse tended the boy so carefully that he recovered from his heart ________ (operate) soon.
②The operation ________ the old man will be carried out on schedule.
③The new rules will be ________ operation soon.
④To our great joy, the new machine is really easy ________ (operate).
⑤With the help of his teammate, the ________ (operate) responded immediately to the event.
⑥The doctor decided to ____________________________(给……做手术)the patient at once.
⑦It's a wonderful plan, and he's just the man to ___________________ (实施).
operation
on
in
to operate
operator
perform an operation on/operate on
put it into operation
2.whisper vi. & vt.悄声说；耳语；低语
n．耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传
(教材P18)I saw her whispering something into his ear, obviously not wanting to be heard.
我看见她对他耳语了几句，显然不想被其他人听见。
whisper sth. to sb. 把某事悄悄告诉某人
whisper about sth. 密谈某事
whisper sth.in one's ear 在某人耳旁小声说某事
It is whispered that... 有人私下说……
in a whisper/in whispers(＝in a low voice) 低声地
She is whispering a story to her daughter.
她低声地给女儿讲着故事。
Jane whispered the secret in my ear.简把秘密悄悄地告诉了我。
It is whispered that he is heavily in debt.据传闻他负债累累。
They were talking in whispers.他们在悄悄地谈话。
I heard a whisper that he had been admitted to a university.我听传闻他已考入了大学。
whisper后接双宾语时，间接宾语无论在前还是在后，其前都要带介词to，即whisper sth. to sb.＝whisper to sb. sth.。
类似结构还有：
explain sth. to sb.向某人解释……
announce sth. to sb.向某人宣布……
introduce sth. to sb.向某人介绍……
suggest sth. to sb.向某人提议……
report sth. to sb.向某人报告……
单句语法填空/完成句子
①In the wedding ceremony, Jack whispered ________ her so that no one else would hear.
②It ___________ (whisper) that he shouldn't serve as an experiment volunteer although he is eager to learn science.
③The baby is sleeping. You'd better speak ________ a whisper.
④Nervously facing challenges, I know I will ___________ (向……低语) myself the two simple words “Be yourself”．
⑤__________________ (有人私下说) the mayor is to resign.
to
is whispered
in
whisper to
It is whispered that
3.assist vt.帮助；援助
(教材P18)．..Dr Bethune did whatever he could to assist the Chinese people.……白求恩大夫尽其所能帮助中国人民。
assist sb. in/with sth. 帮助/援助某人某事
assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事
assist sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
The driver assisted the old man off the bus.司机帮助那位老人下公共汽车。
He assisted me in the preparation of this book.他协助我撰写此书。
I am most grateful to my husband, who assisted me in preparing this book.
我非常感谢我的丈夫，他曾协助我撰写此书。
He assisted the old man to fill in the forms.他帮助老人填写表格。
词语积累：
(1) assistance n．帮助，援助，支持
come to one's assistance前来援助
(2) assistant n．助手，助理
a senior assistant高级助理
a personal assistant私人助理
a shop assistant店员
an assistant editor助理编辑
medical/technical assistance医疗/技术援助
with the assistance of sb.在某人的帮助下
give/offer assistance to sb.给某人以援助
单句语法填空/同义句转换
①He assisted me ________ good suggestions and encouragement.
②We really should do something ________ (assist) them.
③I applied to my boss for an ________ (assist), for it was more than I could do myself.
④In spite of his cries, no one came to his ________ (assist).
⑤We shall do our best to assist him to correct his mistakes.
→We shall do our best to _____________________ his mistakes.
with
to assist
assistant
assistance
assist him in correcting
4.memory n．记忆力；回忆
(教材P18)After Dr Bethune's death, Chairman Mao Zedong wrote an article in memory of him...白求恩大夫去世后，毛泽东主席写了一篇文章来纪念他……
in memory of 作为对……的纪念
have a good/bad memory (for) 记忆力好/差
from memory 凭记忆
memory loss 失忆
painful/sweet memories 痛苦的/甜蜜的回忆
He founded the charity in memory of his late wife.
他兴办那个慈善机构以纪念他已故的妻子。
He has a bad memory for dates.他对日期的记忆力很差。
He played the tune from memory.他是凭记忆力来弹这首曲子的。
“in＋n.＋of”结构：
in case of防备
in celebration of庆祝
in charge of负责，管理
in defense of保卫
in favour of赞成，主张
in need of需要
in search of寻找
in support of支持
in praise of赞扬
in honour of为了纪念……
in place of代替
in terms of就……而言
单句语法填空/完成句子
①She has an excellent memory ________ names, which helps her a lot in her commercial work.
②She can recite the whole poem ________ memory.
③Huang Jiaju made up a song Glorious Years ________ memory of Nelson Mandela.
④The library was built ____________ (为了纪念) those who carried our country through the hardship.
⑤The stadium was named______________(为了向……表示敬意) the club's first chairman.
⑥Most of us were __________ (支持) Tom's suggestion and entrusted him to make a plan.
for
from
in
in memory of
in honour of
in favour of
重要短语
1.pass away去世
(教材P18)Sadly, Dr Bethune passed away in November the following year and was buried in Shijiazhuang.不幸的是，白求恩大夫第二年11月去世，葬在石家庄。
pass by 经过
pass...on to 把……传递给
pass down 流传，世代相传
pass through 通过，穿过
pass off as 装作，冒充
pass sth. to sb. 把某物传给某人
He unfortunately passed away last year.他不幸于去年去世了。
单句语法填空/完成句子
①We were passing ________， so we thought we'd come and say hello.
②Alice was very sorry to hear her grandmother had passed ________ two days before.
③Valuable things that were passed _______ have something in common.
④He escaped by __________________ (把自己佯装成)a guard.
by
away
down
passing himself off as
2.first aid急救
(教材P18)He helped to organise hospitals, taught doctors and nurses, and showed people how to give first aid.他帮助组织医院，教医生和护士，并向人们展示如何进行急救。
give first aid 进行急救
a first-aid course 急救课程
first aid treatment 急救治疗
Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends.教授不是受过培训的护士，不是经济援助专家，也不是你最好的朋友。
知识拓展：
(1)名词aid：
do/give/offer/perform/carry out first aid (to sb.)(对某人)实施急救
financial aid经济援助
come to one's aid＝come to the aid of sb.帮某人的忙
in aid of为了帮助……
with the aid of在……的帮助下
(2)动词aid：
aid sb. in( doing) sth.帮助某人(做)某事
aid sb. with sth.在某方面帮助某人
aid sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事
单句语法填空/完成句子
①We have aided him ________ (finish) the inquiry ahead of time.＝We have aided him in ________(finish)the inquiry ahead of time.
②霍尔克再次开放了自己的花园，以帮助困难群体。
Holker once again opens its gardens _________the disadvantaged.
③在今晚的复活节特别节目中，他们来帮助一个需要在预算中获得一些令人开心的灵感的家庭。
In tonight's Easter special they __________________a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget.
to finish
finishing
in aid of
come to the aid of
典型句式
1.have sth. done使某事被做；遭遇某事
(教材P18)Returning from the North Pole, the traveller wrote a book about his experience and had it published the following year.从北极回来后，那位旅行者写了一本关于他的经历的书，并在第二年出版了。
[句式分析] 在have sth. done结构中，sth.与do是被动关系。
I must have the work finished on time.我必须按时把这项工作完成。(主语自己做)
I'm going to have my hair cut.我要去理发。(让别人做)
She had her bike stolen.她的自行车被偷了。(表示一种遭遇)
知识拓展：
(1)have sb. do sth.(＝get sb. to do sth.＝make sb. do sth.)让某人做某事(sb.与do之间是主动关系)
(2)can't/won't have sb. doing sth.不能容忍某人做某事
(3)have sth. to do有某事要做(have是实义动词“有”，to do作后置定语)
(4)get sth. done做完某事
即学即练 单句语法填空
①I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph ________ (take).
②I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ________ (catch).
③I began to learn this when I had my car ________ (crash).
④We can't have people ________ (arrive) late all the time.
⑤Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ________ (wash).
taken
to catch
crashed
arriving
washed
2.whatever引导宾语从句
(教材P18)Despite the difficult situation, Dr Bethune did whatever he could to assist the Chinese people.尽管情况困难，但白求恩大夫还是尽其所能帮助中国人民。
[句式分析]
despite the difficult situation是介词短语作状语，whatever he could是whatever引导的宾语从句。
[学法点拨]
(1) whatever可以引导名词性从句，即宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句和同位语从句。在句中充当宾语、表语、主语和同位语，相当于anything that。
(2)whatever还可以引导让步状语从句，相当
no matter what。
Franklin was free to do pretty much whatever he pleased.
富兰克林几乎可以做他想做的任何事情。
Whatever requests you make will be granted.你提的任何请求都会得到许可。(主语从句)
She applied whatever strength she had left to the task.
她将所有剩下的精力都用到这项任务上。(宾语从句)
Whatever happens, you know that I'll stand by you.＝No matter what happens, you know that I'll stand by you.你知道无论发生什么，我都会支持你。
单句语法填空/完成句子
①________ happens in the future, the sweet memories will never fade away.
②We will do ________ we can to add some new features to this running machine.
③In order not to waste our precious time, we'll eat at ________ restaurant has a free table.
④________ you do it, you will find it a difficult task.
⑤________________________ (任何值得做的事) is worth doing well.
⑥The gold medal will be awarded to __________________________ (获得第一名的人) in the bicycle race.
⑦________________________ (无论你有什么恐惧), go through them.
Whatever
whatever
whichever
However
Whatever is worth doing at all
whoever wins the first place
Whatever fears you may have
Read the sentences below and pay attention to the underlined parts.
… her brother complained, thinking of the high
tuition fees.(P16)
2. Thinking of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic.(P16)
3. The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.(P17)
4. At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care.(P16)
单元语法 Lead-in
adverbial
adverbial
object complement
subject complement
问题导学1: 4’
2.结合 V-ing 的不同形式完成下表(以动词do为例)。
1.思考V-ing 作状语在句中所起的作用？
一般式
完成式
主动形式(否)
被动形式(否)
3.读句子，思考以下问题：
①. V-ing 作状语可以表示哪些情况？
②. V-ing 作状语应注意什么？
1) Hearing the bell, the students rushed to the school canteen.
2) Not knowing the answer to this question , he turned to his deskmate.
3) The two girls stood there for half an hour talking about the boys who were playing basketball.
4) The COVID-19 broke out throughout the world,
causing hundreds of thousands of deaths.
5) Working harder, you will make some progress.
点拨精讲1 13’:
V-ing形式在句中作状语, 修饰谓语动词或整个句子。
1.思考V-ing 作状语在句中所起的作用？
主动形式(否) 被动形式（否）
一般式
完成式
(not) doing
(not) having done
(not) being done
(not) having been done
1) Hearing the bell, the students began to enter the classroom.
2) Not knowing the answer to this question , he turned to his deskmate.
3) The two girl stood there for half an hour talking about the boys who were playing basketball.
4) The COVID-19 broke out throughout the world,
causing hundreds of thousands of deaths.
5) Working harder, you will make some progress.
3.读句子，思考以下问题：
①. V-ing 作状语可以表示哪些情况？
②. V-ing 作状语应注意什么？
时间状语=when...
原因状语=because...
伴随状语=and ...
结果状语
=which caused...
条件状语=if...
Attention 1:
V-ing 作状语，相当于_________________________。
一个状语从句(并列句)
Attention 2:
V-ing 作状语时，它的逻辑主语必须是____________, 分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上的__________。
句子的主语
主谓关系
Read the sentences below and pay attention to
the underlined parts.
1. … her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees.
2. Thinking of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic.
3. The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.
4. At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villiage to provide medical care.
1. thinking→adverbial
2. thinking→adverbial
3. playing→object complement
4. riding→object complement
1.-ing形式作状语时, 分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语,
分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上的主谓关系, 否则不能用
现在分词作状语。但要注意它的各种形式变化:
主动形式 被动形式
一般式 V-ing being V-ed
完成式 having V-ed having been V-ed
-ing形式作状语
1．作时间状语
Walking in the park，she saw an old friend.
＝When/while(she was)walking in the park，she saw an old friend. 当她在公园里散步时，她看到了她的一个老朋友。
Having finished the work，he went to see his teacher.
＝After he had finished the work，he went to see his teacher.
完成这次工作后，他去看望他的老师。
【特别提示】当表达正在进行的动作时，可直接在分词前面加上when/while，此时也可理解为状语从句的省略。
2．作原因状语
Being ill，he couldn't go to school.
＝As he was ill，he couldn't go to school.
3．作条件状语
Working hard，you'll make great progress.
＝If you work hard，you'll make great progress.
4．作结果状语
His parents died，leaving him an orphan.
＝His parents died and left him an orphan.
The snow lasted a week，resulting in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area.
＝The snow lasted a week，and resulted in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area.
5．作方式状语
He came running back to tell me the news.
6．作伴随状语
I stood by the door，not daring to say a word.
＝I stood by the door，and didn’t dare to say a word.
She walked along the street，singing softly to herself.
＝She walked along the street and sang softly to herself.
7．作让步状语
Working or reading，she always did her best.
＝Whether she worked or read，she always did her best.
Working very hard，he didn't feel a bit tired.
＝Though he worked hard，he didn't feel a bit tired.
要点必记
当时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的主语与主句主语一致（或者从句主语是it），且从句谓语含有be 动词时，为了简练，可以将从句的主语和 be 动词一起省略。
记忆口诀
主从主语一致时，从句又有be 动词。
为了简练皆省去，剩下表语或分词。
“ 疑问词+to do”相当于名词性从句；“疑问词+-ing/-ed/adj. ...”相当于状语从句。
状语从句的省约
Complete the sentences with the correct forms os the verbs in the box.
feel want face smile return worry hear knock
Hearing
worrying
wanting
knocking
Facing
Returning
smiling
Feeling
Complete the conversations using the correct forms of the words in the brackets.
1. A: You look really_______( tire).You should go home and have a rest.
B: Yes, well, a five-hour operation is pretty _______ (tire).
2. A: Did you hear that Susan and Bob got married
B: Really That’s the most__________(shock) news I have heard today.
3. A: Harry, you forgot to return my phone call last night!
B: Oh, I'm very sorry. I went to sleep__________(listen)to music.
tiring
tiring
shocking
listening
4. A: How can you sit inside_______(play) games all day Isn't there anything more important you can do with your time
B: Come on, Mum. It's a holiday.
5. A: The museum was___________(interest),wasn’t it
B: It was great. I was quite___________(interest)in those ancient pieces of jade.
6. A: Are you sure this is the man you saw that night
B: That’s right. From my window, I saw him_______(come)into the building.
A: Did you hear a gunshot after that B: No, but I heard people__________(shout) downstairs.
B:I saw an injured man_______(lie) on the floor.
playing
interesting
interested
coming
shouting
lying
-ing形式作宾语补足语
动词的 ing形式作宾语补足语时，与宾语之间是主谓关系，即宾语是其逻辑上的主语。它主要用于以下两类动词后作宾语补足语。
1．表示感觉和心理状态的动词，如see，hear，feel，smell，watch，find，listen to，look at，notice，observe等。例如：
I felt the house shaking.
我觉得房子在晃。
I found a beggar standing at the door.
我发现一个乞丐站在门口。
动词-ing形式作状语和宾补
作宾补
作状语
主动:____________________
被动：___________________
________________________________________________
1.逻辑主语与主句主语 ;
2.否定形式: .
形式
类型
注意
doing / having done
being done / having been done
时间状语
原因状语
结果状语
条件状语
让步状语
方式状语
伴随状语
一致
not / never + v-ing
--ing function
动词-ing形式
作状语和宾补
作宾补
作状语
形式：主动 ________
被动 ________
用法：
在 后作宾补
在 后作宾补
在 后作宾补
doing
being done
感官动词
使役动词
with复合结构
--ing function
现在分词作
状语和宾补
作状语
作宾补
定义
现在分词作状语用法
现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别
定义
使用宾补的情况
易错点
Conclusion
课后练习
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．My father was once the great physicist's ________ (助手) and they two had much in common.
2．To his joy, the man was elected vice ________(主席) of the union later.
3．It is typical of me to forget what I have learned in a very short time for my poor ________ (记忆力).
4．At ________ (午夜) the boy awoke and listened to the radio for a few minutes, for which he was blamed by his roommate.
assistant
chairman
memory
midnight
5．In my opinion, homemade goods will gradually replace ________(进口) foreign goods.
6．Every year, we ________ (出口) many pumpkins to other countries.
7．I hope the unguent (药膏) can protect them from mosquitoes ________ (叮；蜇) when they are marching in the street.
8．He has been devoted to helping those who suffer from ________ (事故) and earthquakes for a decade.
9．They held the belief that the patient could survive the ________ (手术).
10．I could hear several staff ____________ (私语) under the tree over there.
imported
export
biting
accidents
operation
whispering
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
(A)词汇专练
1．This actor often has the first two tricks planned before performing, and then goes for ________．
2．Our mission is to create a welcoming environment ________ which residents feel comfortable, safe and a sense of belonging.
答案与解析：whatever 介词for后接宾语，此处表示无范围的选择，故用whatever。句意：这个演员时常在表演前就计划好前两个技巧，然后全力以赴。
答案与解析：in 先行词environment是抽象名词，定语从句缺少状语，应用in which引导。句意：我们的使命是创造一个令人感到惬意的环境，让居民感到舒适、安全和有归属感。
3．I need a new passport so I will have to
have my photograph ________ (take).
4．No matter ________ you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various activities on Earth Day.
答案与解析：taken my photograph与take之间是被动关系，故用“have sth. done”结构。句意：我需要一个新护照，因此我得去找人给我拍照。
答案与解析：what 句意：不管你喜欢做什么，有一个方法可以让你参与到地球日的各项活动中去。
5．These comments came ________
response to specific questions often asked by local newsmen.
6．Do the following to ensure the safe ________ (operate) of your smoke detector.
答案与解析：in in response to“为了回应”。句意：这些评论是为了回复当地记者们常提出的各种具体问题的。
答案与解析：operation 形容词safe用来修饰名词。句意：为确保你的烟雾探测器安全运行，请执行以下操作。
7．Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever ________ (be) ahead of you for the day.
8．The doctor shares his phone number with the patients in case they need medical ________ (assist).
答案与解析：is whatever作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。句意：锻炼让你更加清醒，做好处理一天事情的准备。
答案与解析：assistance 形容词medical用来修饰名词，根据句意判断填assistance。句意：医生把他的电话号码告诉了病人，以防他们需要医疗帮助。
9．Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect ________ (bite), ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags.
10．This picture often brings back to me many happy ________ (memory) of my high school days.
答案与解析：bites insect bites“昆虫叮咬”。句意：在我看来，露营者是喜欢昆虫叮咬、不熟的食物和不舒服的睡袋的人。
答案与解析：memories many用来修饰复数名词。句意：这张照片常常让我想起我高中时代的许多美好回忆。
语法专练
1．They'll come rushing in, ________ (say) their handbag's been stolen.
2．We all grew up ________ (hear) people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.”
答案与解析：saying 主语they与say之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作伴随状语。句意：他们会冲进来，说他们的手提包被偷了。
答案与解析：hearing hear和逻辑主语we之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。句意：我们都是听着别人告诉我们“出去呼吸新鲜空气”长大的。
3．The glaciers (冰川 ) are disappearing, ________ (change) the face of Kilimanjaro.
4．________ (understand) her good intentions (打算), I eat all the food that is provided by Mom with appreciation.
答案与解析：changing change和the glaciers之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作结果状语。句意：冰川正在消失，改变着乞力马扎罗(山)的表面。
答案与解析：Understanding 主语I与understand之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。句意：出于对妈妈好意的理解，我满怀感激地吃着她提供的所有食物。
5．His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next
to him, ________ (whisper) support.
6．The researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch” four times ________ (use) the smart keyboard.
答案与解析：whispering whisper是非谓语动词，和逻辑主语his teacher之间是主动关系。句意：他的老师托马斯·惠利就站在他旁边，低声表示支持。
答案与解析：using 非谓语短语作状语，主语100 volunteers和动词之间是主动关系，用现在分词。句意：研究人员让100名志愿者用智能键盘输入“触摸”四次。
7．As I approached mile 23, I could see
my wife ________ (wave) a sign.
8．In the 1960s, while ________ (study) the volcanic history of Yellowstone National Park, Bob Christiansen became puzzled about something.
答案与解析：waving see sb. doing中用现在分词作宾语补足语，表示“看到某人正在做某事”。句意：当我接近23英里时，我可以看到我的妻子挥舞着标语。
答案与解析：studying 在“连词＋分词”结构中，动词和逻辑主语之间是主动关系。句意：20世纪60年代，鲍勃·克里斯蒂安森在研究黄石国家公园的火山历史时，对一些事情感到困惑。
9．After the party, most guests left, with only two of them ________ (remain) in the host family, ________ (help) him clean up.
10．Messages with emojis feel more conversational, ____________ (encourage) better and more frequent communication.
remaining
helping
encouraging
Ⅲ.同义句转换
1．After we cleaned the rooms, we began to clean up our dormitories.
________________ the rooms, we began to clean up our dormitories.
2．Because he was ill, he couldn't book the flight.
________________， he couldn't book the flight.
3．Working hard, you will certainly succeed.
________________ work hard, you will certainly succeed.
4．My car was caught in a traffic jam, which caused the delay.
My car was caught in a traffic jam, ________ the delay.
5．While you are approaching the crossroads, you must be careful.
While ___________ the crossroads, you must be careful.
Having cleaned
Being ill
If you
causing
approaching
Ⅳ.根据汉语提示用v.-ing形式完成句子
1．Our maths teacher gave a further explanation, ________________________________ (使它更容易计算出).
2．_______________ (坦率地说), the resources in the world are very limited.
3．___________ (由于年龄太大), he can't calculate the result quickly.
4．_____________________(从外表判断), he seems to be very nervous.
5．______________________________ (以前从未去过那里), I simply have no idea about the place, which everyone says is well worth a visit.
6．Laura was away in Paris for over a week. When she got home, there was a pile of mail ________________ (等着她).
making it easier to work it out
Frankly speaking
Being too old
Judging from the appearance
Not having been there before
waiting for her
Ⅴ.短文语法填空
We students 1.________ (major) in astronomy paid a visit to a famous university 2.________ (rank) first in France last week. When 3._________ (approach) the university, we were greeted by the members of the Student Association. A boy came close to me, 4.__________ (try) to hug me. 5.________________ (misunderstand) his behavior, I turned my back to him. 6._________________ (refuse), the boy felt confused. Through communication with others I got to know that I had misread his body language. In France, 7.________ (hug) is as common as shaking hands with others in China, 8.__________ (function) just as a way of greeting. It was my lack of knowledge about body language that made me misread his behavior, 9.________ (lead) to the misunderstanding between us. 10.________ (regret) treating the boy impolitely, I made an apology to him.
majoring
ranking
approaching
trying
Misunderstanding
Having been refused
hugging
functioning
leading
Regretting
THANKS
