中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 4 Natural disasters单元分层练
一、单词拼写
1． Do you remember the days when we chatted each other all night
2． My nephew is a complete football (对……着迷的人).
3． Many people served as (志愿者) in the Beijing Olympic Games.
4． He tried his best, but he still couldn't (拉) the heavy box.
5．The houses on the edge of the town are clearly v from the beach.
6．Their advice played a s （有重大意义的） role in saving my marriage.
二、单项选择题
7．I'm curious about the person ________ Mr. Smith is talking.
A．with whom B．to him C．with him D．to who
8．The building was designed to show the connection betweeen nature and the modern city environment ________ it sits.
A．that B．in that C．which D．in which
9．On her birthday, she received a nice present from her parents _______ a note was attached, saying "We love you so much. "
A．from which B．to which C．in which D．by which
10．To be honest, we admire him for the way ________ he solved the problem.
A．in which B．how C．why D．in that
11．It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer ________ I went for advice.
A．to whom B．from whom C．to who D．from who
三、选词填空
选词填空
when；while；answer；bore；wake up；take up；fill with；switch off； turn over；complain about；for fun；in one's spare time
12．Xiao Min the television and settled down to work.
13．His son studies hard his daughter never studies.
14．Stop the learning environment and concentrate on your lessons.
15．I'm sorry，but you too much room of the bus.
16．The film was so that I left the cinema half an hour later.
17．It's difficult for us those children in the morning.
18．He's retired and now is practising painting .
19．I am going to several e mails this weekend.
20．Many people enjoy going fishing .
21．The bottle will become heavy when it sand.
四、阅读理解
阅读理解
Forests are feeling the heat. In places like the American West, rising temperatures and drought mean less water for trees. Now, scientists have found that thinning early in forest growth creates tougher trees that can endure climate change. What's more, these thinned forests can suck carbon out of the air just as fast as thick forests.
"When it comes to carbon storage and climate change adaptation, we can have our cake and eat it too," says Andrew Larson, forest ecologist and author of the new study. " It's a win-win."
As trees grow, they convert carbon dioxide to food and store it in their leaves, trunks, and roots. But if trees get too crowded, they compete for light and water. Removing some trees can ease the competition, letting the remaining trees grow big and healthy. But scientists worry that removing trees can reduce forest carbon storage.
To see whether the climate trade-off truly exists, scientists tapped into a long-term experiment in northwestern Montana. In 1961, U.S. Forest Service officials started the experiment in a young forest of western larch. The forest was broken up into plots. In some plots, the 8-year-old trees were thinned from tens of thousands per hectare down to 494 per hectare. These trees grew thick trunks and broad tree shades. Other plots were left alone, and the trees there grew tall and skinny as they competed for sunlight. The original study was rooted in an interest in growing timber rapidly. But the scientists at the University of Montana sprouted a new question: How did tree density (密度) influence carbon storage
To find out, they measured tree height, diameter, and width of branches to estimate the amount of carbon stored. They also calculated the carbon contained in other plants, dead wood, and forest floor debris. The research showed total carbon was nearly the same in both forests. The un-thinned forest had more trees, but the thinned forest compensated with bigger trees.
22．What is scientists' finding about forests
A．The tougher trees in thinned forests stand climate change.
B．Thinned forests have as much carbon as thick forests.
C．The American forests are suffering sever heat wave.
D．The thick forests grow rapidly than thinned ones.
23．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 imply
A．We are able to produce and enjoy a cake together.
B．Carbon storage and climate stability are the final goals.
C．We can choose between carbon storage and climate change.
D．Carbon storage and climate adaptation can be achieved meanwhile.
24．How did the US Forest Service officials conduct their study
A．Through observing forests grow.
B．Through comparative experiments.
C．By providing examples to illustrate.
D．By collecting massive amounts of data.
25．What's the purpose of the research mentioned in paragraph 5
A．To achieve how to plant trees scientifically.
B．To test how much carbon forests contain.
C．To prove the advantages of thinned forests.
D．To see if tree density affects carbon storage.
阅读理解
German media group RTL has set up a new unit, RTL Ventures, to invest in consumer tech companies.
The idea is to build up a project combination of innovative European firms that aspire to become category market leaders in the long term and for which the DACH market (Germany, Austria and Switzerland) offers relevant growth potential, according to RTL, adding that the investment team can call on "cash and media resources" to achieve this. Further details were not given.
RTL Ventures will give the companies in its portfolio ( 文 件 夹 ) access to media brands across a wide range of media: TV, Addressable TV, digital and print. Its key asset ( 资产) is large audience reach in different target groups, which will help the companies build and scale up their brands during the growth phase as part of a marketing mix, according to RTL.
The investments are the responsibility of a separate team led by Beate Koch. Ute Henzgen and her team are responsible for media performance and media consulting for the investments. Urs Cete, Managing Partner of the Bertelsmann Investment Fund BDMI, will be part of the RTL Ventures investment committee and will work together with the investment team.
"By launching RTL Ventures, we have the chance to develop a new portfolio at an ideal time in the market. We will invest with a focus on yield, independence and partnership, and will always be there for our entrepreneurs (企业家). I'm delighted that we'll have the benefit of the support.
26．What is the purpose of RTL
A．To provide the leader's investment.
B．To deal with cash and media resources.
C．To form a unit of potential European companies.
D．To support growth potential of the innovative companies.
27．What does the underlined word "phase" mean in Paragraph 3
A．Experience. B．Stage. C．Potential. D．End.
28．What are the responsibilities of Beate Koch, Ute Henzgen and Urs Cete
A．Co-working for RTL Ventures.
B．Managing investment team of entrepreneurs.
C．Commanding investment and media & managing field.
D．Taking charging of investment committee of entrepreneurs.
29．What does the last sentence of the passage mean
A．Entrepreneurs' plans are risky.
B．RTL Ventures' future is not clear.
C．Customers are not satisfied with RTL Ventures.
D．A new portfolio in the market has a promising future.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 4 Natural disasters单元分层练
一、单词拼写
1． Do you remember the days when we chatted each other all night
【答案】with
【知识点】固定短语；简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：你还记得我们聊了一整夜的日子吗？chat with固定短语，"与......聊天"，故填 with 。
【点评】考查介词，以及固定短语chat with。
2． My nephew is a complete football (对……着迷的人).
【答案】addict
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我的侄子是个十足的足球迷。" 对……着迷的人 "应用 addict ，此处名词作表语，不定冠词后接单数名词，故填 addict 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作表语。
3． Many people served as (志愿者) in the Beijing Olympic Games.
【答案】volunteers
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：许多人在北京奥运会上担任志愿者。" 志愿者 "应用 volunteer ，此处名词作宾语，结合主语 Many people ，可知应用复数名词，故填 volunteers 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
4． He tried his best, but he still couldn't (拉) the heavy box.
【答案】drag
【知识点】实义动词
【解析】【分析】句意：他尽力了，但还是拖不动那个沉重的箱子。" 拉 "应用 drag ，此处是谓语动词， couldn't 后接动词原形，故填 drag 。
【点评】考查动词，掌握 drag 的应用。
5．The houses on the edge of the town are clearly v from the beach.
【答案】visible
【知识点】形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意： 从海滩上可以清楚地看到城镇边缘的房屋。 根据句意：清楚地城镇边缘的房屋， 可知空白处应该：可看见的，" v"开头的"可看见的"英语单词为visible， 故答案为visible。
【点评】考查单词拼写。注意" v"开头的"可看见的"英语单词为visible。
6．Their advice played a s （有重大意义的） role in saving my marriage.
【答案】significant
【知识点】单词拼写；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：他们的建议对挽救我的婚姻起了重大的作用。 根据句意：重大的作用， 可知空白处需要形容词，以" s"开头的"有重大意义的" 形容词为"significant"， 故答案为significant。
【点评】考查单词拼写。注意以" s"开头的"有重大意义的" 形容词为"significant"。
二、单项选择题
7．I'm curious about the person ________ Mr. Smith is talking.
A．with whom B．to him C．with him D．to who
【答案】A
【知识点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我对正在和史密斯先生谈话的那个人感到好奇。 Mr. Smith is talking 是限制性定语从句，先行词是the person，用whom；同时talk with为固定短语，意为"和某人说话"，应使用with whom的结构。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及with whom引导的限制性定语从句。
8．The building was designed to show the connection betweeen nature and the modern city environment ________ it sits.
A．that B．in that C．which D．in which
【答案】D
【知识点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：该建筑旨在展示自然和它所处的现代城市环境之间的联系。 it sits 是限制性定语从句，先行词为the modern city environment，介词in+which引导从句，关系代词which替代先行词。the modern city environment in which it sits意为"它所处的现代城市环境"。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及in which引导的限制性定语从句。
9．On her birthday, she received a nice present from her parents _______ a note was attached, saying "We love you so much. "
A．from which B．to which C．in which D．by which
【答案】B
【知识点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：在她生日那天，她收到了父母送给她的一份精美的礼物，上面有一张纸条，写着"我们非常爱你。" a note was attached 是限制性定语从句，先行词为present，根据从句中的was attached可知，先行词作be attached to的宾语，将to提到从句句首，其后用关系代词which指代先行词。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及to which引导的限制性定语从句。
10．To be honest, we admire him for the way ________ he solved the problem.
A．in which B．how C．why D．in that
【答案】A
【知识点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：说实话，我们钦佩他解决问题的方法。设空处引导定语从句，且在从句中作状语，先行词为way，应用in which。故答案为A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及in which引导的限制性定语从句。
11．It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer ________ I went for advice.
A．to whom B．from whom C．to who D．from who
【答案】A
【知识点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：那是在1952年，曼德拉正是那个我寻求建议的黑人律师。 I went for advice 是限制性定语从句，先行词是 the black lawyer ，结合动词短语go to sb. for advice"向某人寻求建议"；同时，介词后关系代词要用宾格形式。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及"to whom"引起的限制性定语从句，以及固定短语go to sb. for advice。
三、选词填空
选词填空
when；while；answer；bore；wake up；take up；fill with；switch off； turn over；complain about；for fun；in one's spare time
12．Xiao Min the television and settled down to work.
13．His son studies hard his daughter never studies.
14．Stop the learning environment and concentrate on your lessons.
15．I'm sorry，but you too much room of the bus.
16．The film was so that I left the cinema half an hour later.
17．It's difficult for us those children in the morning.
18．He's retired and now is practising painting .
19．I am going to several e mails this weekend.
20．Many people enjoy going fishing .
21．The bottle will become heavy when it sand.
【答案】12．switched off
13．while
14．is filled with
15．take up
16．boring
17．to wake up
18．for fun
19．answer
20．in their free time
21．complaining about
【知识点】完成句子
【解析】【分析】when连词，"当.....的时候"；while并列连词，"然而"；answer动词，"回答，回复"；bore动词，"使厌烦"；wake up动词短语，"唤醒，叫醒"；take up动词短语，"占据"；fill with动词短语，"用.....充满，用.....填满"；switch off动词短语，"关掉"； turn over动词短语，"翻转，移交"；complain about动词短语，"抱怨"；for fun介词短语，"为了娱乐"；in one's spare time介词短语，"在空闲时间"。
【点评】考查选词填空，要求考生在理解句义的基础上，根据方框内所给的词汇和短语，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。
12．句意：肖敏关掉电视，静下心来工作。switch off动词短语，"关掉"，此处是谓语动词，根据 settled down to work ，可知应用一般过去时，故填 switched off 。
13．句意：他的儿子学习很努力，而他的女儿从不学习。while并列连词，"然而"，用于前后对比，故填 while 。
14．句意：不要再抱怨学习环境了，集中精力学习。complain about动词短语，"抱怨"，结合固定短语stop doing "停止做....."，故填complaining about。
15．句意：对不起，你占用了公共汽车太多的空间。take up动词短语，"占据"，此处是谓语动词，根据 I'm sorry ，可知应用一般现在时，故填 take up 。
16．句意：这部电影太无聊了，半小时后我离开了电影院。bore动词，"使厌烦"，此处形容词作表语，修饰the film，应用-ing形式的形容词，故填 boring 。
17．句意：我们很难在早上叫醒那些孩子。wake up动词短语，"唤醒，叫醒"，此处不定式作主语，故填 to wake up 。
18．句意：他退休了，现在正在练习画画以取乐。for fun介词短语，"为了娱乐"，此处介词短语作目的状语，故填 for fun 。
19．句意：这个周末我要回复几封电子邮件。answer动词，"回答，回复"，此处是谓语动词，be going to 后接动词原形，故填 answer 。
20．句意：许多人喜欢在空闲时间去钓鱼。in one's spare time介词短语，"在空闲时间"，此处介词短语作状语，故填 in their spare time。
21．句意：瓶子装满沙子后会变重。fill with动词短语，"用.....充满，用.....填满"，此处是时间状语从句的谓语动词，与主语it是被动关系，应用被动语态，结合主句 The bottle will become heavy 和"主将从现"原则，应用一般现在时，故填 is filled with 。
四、阅读理解
阅读理解
Forests are feeling the heat. In places like the American West, rising temperatures and drought mean less water for trees. Now, scientists have found that thinning early in forest growth creates tougher trees that can endure climate change. What's more, these thinned forests can suck carbon out of the air just as fast as thick forests.
"When it comes to carbon storage and climate change adaptation, we can have our cake and eat it too," says Andrew Larson, forest ecologist and author of the new study. " It's a win-win."
As trees grow, they convert carbon dioxide to food and store it in their leaves, trunks, and roots. But if trees get too crowded, they compete for light and water. Removing some trees can ease the competition, letting the remaining trees grow big and healthy. But scientists worry that removing trees can reduce forest carbon storage.
To see whether the climate trade-off truly exists, scientists tapped into a long-term experiment in northwestern Montana. In 1961, U.S. Forest Service officials started the experiment in a young forest of western larch. The forest was broken up into plots. In some plots, the 8-year-old trees were thinned from tens of thousands per hectare down to 494 per hectare. These trees grew thick trunks and broad tree shades. Other plots were left alone, and the trees there grew tall and skinny as they competed for sunlight. The original study was rooted in an interest in growing timber rapidly. But the scientists at the University of Montana sprouted a new question: How did tree density (密度) influence carbon storage
To find out, they measured tree height, diameter, and width of branches to estimate the amount of carbon stored. They also calculated the carbon contained in other plants, dead wood, and forest floor debris. The research showed total carbon was nearly the same in both forests. The un-thinned forest had more trees, but the thinned forest compensated with bigger trees.
22．What is scientists' finding about forests
A．The tougher trees in thinned forests stand climate change.
B．Thinned forests have as much carbon as thick forests.
C．The American forests are suffering sever heat wave.
D．The thick forests grow rapidly than thinned ones.
23．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 imply
A．We are able to produce and enjoy a cake together.
B．Carbon storage and climate stability are the final goals.
C．We can choose between carbon storage and climate change.
D．Carbon storage and climate adaptation can be achieved meanwhile.
24．How did the US Forest Service officials conduct their study
A．Through observing forests grow.
B．Through comparative experiments.
C．By providing examples to illustrate.
D．By collecting massive amounts of data.
25．What's the purpose of the research mentioned in paragraph 5
A．To achieve how to plant trees scientifically.
B．To test how much carbon forests contain.
C．To prove the advantages of thinned forests.
D．To see if tree density affects carbon storage.
【答案】22．A
23．D
24．B
25．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；段落大意题；说明文；新闻报道类；环境保护类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇科学报道。讲述2了现在，科学家们发现，在森林生长的早期，疏林可以创造出更坚韧的树木，使其能够承受气候变化。更重要的是，这些稀薄的森林吸收空气中的碳的速度和茂密的森林一样快。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题，词义猜测题和主旨大意题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答词义猜测题和主旨大意题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。
22．细节理解题。根据 Now, scientists have found that thinning early in forest growth creates tougher trees that can endure climate change.现在，科学家们发现，在森林生长的早期，疏林可以创造出更坚韧的树木，使其能够承受气候变化。可知在稀疏的森林里，坚韧的树木经受住了气候变化。选项The tougher trees in thinned forests stand climate change.符合题意，故答案为A。
23．词义猜词题。根据"When it comes to carbon storage and climate change adaptation, we can have our cake and eat it too," says Andrew Larson, forest ecologist and author of the new study. " It's a win-win."在碳储存和气候变化适应方面，我们可以鱼与熊掌兼得，"森林生态学家、这项新研究的作者安德鲁·拉尔森说。这是双赢。" 可知 we can have our cake and eat it too,碳储存和气候变化适应方面人类可以兼顾。 选项Carbon storage and climate adaptation can be
achieved meanwhile.符合题意，故答案为D。
24．推理判断题。根据 In 1961, U.S. Forest Service officials started the experiment in a young forest of western larch. The forest
was broken up into plots. In some plots, the 8-year-old trees were thinned from tens of thousands per hectare down to 494
per hectare. These trees grew thick trunks and broad tree shades. Other plots were left alone, and the trees there grew tall and skinny as they competed for sunlight.1961年，美国林务局官员开始在西部落叶松幼林进行实验。森林被分成小块。在一些地块，8年树龄的树木从每公顷数万棵减少到每公顷494棵。这些树长着粗壮的树干和宽阔的树荫。其他的地块没有人管，那里的树木长得又高又瘦，因为它们在争夺阳光。可知他们通过比较实验来进行研究的； 选项Through comparative experiments.符合题意，故答案为B。
25．主旨大意题。根据To find out, they measured tree height, diameter, and width of branches to estimate the amount of carbon
stored. They also calculated the carbon contained in other plants, dead wood, and forest floor debris. The research showed total carbon was nearly the same in both forests. The unthinned forest had more trees, but the thinned forest compensated with bigger trees. 为了找到答案，他们测量了树木的高度、直径和树枝的宽度，以估计碳储量。他们还计算了其他植物、枯木和森林地面碎片中所含的碳。研究表明，这两种森林的总碳含量几乎相同。未砍伐的森林有更多的树，但砍伐后的森林有更大的树作为补偿。可知他们想弄清楚树木密度是否会影响碳储量。 选项To see if tree density affects carbon storage.符合题意，故答案为D。
阅读理解
German media group RTL has set up a new unit, RTL Ventures, to invest in consumer tech companies.
The idea is to build up a project combination of innovative European firms that aspire to become category market leaders in the long term and for which the DACH market (Germany, Austria and Switzerland) offers relevant growth potential, according to RTL, adding that the investment team can call on "cash and media resources" to achieve this. Further details were not given.
RTL Ventures will give the companies in its portfolio ( 文 件 夹 ) access to media brands across a wide range of media: TV, Addressable TV, digital and print. Its key asset ( 资产) is large audience reach in different target groups, which will help the companies build and scale up their brands during the growth phase as part of a marketing mix, according to RTL.
The investments are the responsibility of a separate team led by Beate Koch. Ute Henzgen and her team are responsible for media performance and media consulting for the investments. Urs Cete, Managing Partner of the Bertelsmann Investment Fund BDMI, will be part of the RTL Ventures investment committee and will work together with the investment team.
"By launching RTL Ventures, we have the chance to develop a new portfolio at an ideal time in the market. We will invest with a focus on yield, independence and partnership, and will always be there for our entrepreneurs (企业家). I'm delighted that we'll have the benefit of the support.
26．What is the purpose of RTL
A．To provide the leader's investment.
B．To deal with cash and media resources.
C．To form a unit of potential European companies.
D．To support growth potential of the innovative companies.
27．What does the underlined word "phase" mean in Paragraph 3
A．Experience. B．Stage. C．Potential. D．End.
28．What are the responsibilities of Beate Koch, Ute Henzgen and Urs Cete
A．Co-working for RTL Ventures.
B．Managing investment team of entrepreneurs.
C．Commanding investment and media & managing field.
D．Taking charging of investment committee of entrepreneurs.
29．What does the last sentence of the passage mean
A．Entrepreneurs' plans are risky.
B．RTL Ventures' future is not clear.
C．Customers are not satisfied with RTL Ventures.
D．A new portfolio in the market has a promising future.
【答案】26．C
27．B
28．A
29．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了德国媒体集团RTL成立了一个新部门RTL Ventures，投资于消费科技公司。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题和词义猜测题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答词义猜测题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。
26．推理判断题。根据 The idea is to build up a project combination of innovative European firms that aspire to become category market leaders in the long term and for which the DACH market (Germany, Austria and Switzerland) offers relevant growth potential, according to RTL, adding that the investment team can call on "cash and media resources" to achieve this.根据RTL的说法，这个想法是建立一个创新的欧洲公司的项目组合，这些公司渴望长期成为类别市场的领导者，并且DACH市场(德国，奥地利和瑞士)提供相关的增长潜力，并补充说投资团队可以呼吁"现金和媒体资源"来实现这一目标。可知他们的目的就是建立一个创新的欧洲公司。选项To form a unit
of potential European companies.符合题意，故答案为 C。
27．词义猜词题。根据上文RTL Ventures will give the companies in its portfolio ( 文 件 夹 ) access to media brands across a wide
range of media: TV, Addressable TV, digital and print. Its key asset ( 资产) is large audience reach in different target groups, RTL Ventures将为其投资组合中的公司提供广泛的媒体品牌:电视、可寻址电视、数字和印刷。它的关键资产是在不同的目标群体中拥有大量的受众，以及which will help the companies build and scale up their brands… 这将有助于这些公司建立和扩大自己的品牌…… 可知 during the growth phase在增长阶段，phase的意思为"时期，阶段" 选项Stage.符合题意，故答案为B。
28．细节理解题。根据The investments are the responsibility of a separate team led by Beate Koch. Ute Henzgen and her team are
responsible for media performance and media consulting for the investments. Urs Cete, Managing Partner of the Bertelsmann Investment Fund BDMI, will be part of the RTL Ventures investment committee and will work together with the investment team. 投资是由贝亚特·科赫领导的一个独立团队负责的。Ute Henzgen和她的团队负责媒体绩效和媒体咨询。贝塔斯曼投资基金BDMI的管理合伙人Urs Cete将成为RTL Ventures投资委员会的一员，并与投资团队一起工作。 可知他们之间是合作关系。 选项Co-working for
RTL Ventures.符合题意，故答案为A。
29．推理判断题。根据By launching RTL Ventures, we have the chance to develop a new portfolio at an ideal time in the market. We will invest with a focus on yield, independence and partnership, and will always be there for our entrepreneurs (企业家). 通过成立RTL Ventures，我们有机会在市场理想的时机开发新的投资组合。我们的投资将着眼于收益、独立性和伙伴关系，并将永远支持我们的企业家。可知市场上的新投资组合前景光明。 选项A new portfolio in the market has a promising future.符合题意，故答案为D。
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