中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 5 Languages around the world单元分层练
一、单词拼写
1．They advocate a simple life with an e (强调) on hard work, family, and community.
【答案】emphasis
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：他们提倡简单的生活，强调努力工作、家庭和社区。根据汉语" 强调 "和首字母，应用 emphasis ，此处名词作介词宾语，不定冠词后接单数名词，故填 emphasis 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
2．Following this, he g became famous throughout the world as the new Isaac Newton.
【答案】gradually
【知识点】副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：此后，他以新艾萨克·牛顿的身份逐渐闻名于世。根据句意和首字母，应用 gradually，"逐渐地"，此处副词修饰谓语动词 became ，作状语，故填 gradually 。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰谓语动词。
3．Her team examined over 2, 000 old medical texts, and evaluated 280, 000 plants for their medical p (价值).
【答案】properties
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：她的团队检查了2000多篇古老的医学文献，并评估了28万株植物的医学特性。根据汉语" 价值 "和首字母，应用 property，此处名词作介词宾语，泛指，应用复数形式，故填properties 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
4．Tu You you's research lead to the discovery of artemisinin, a c (重要的) new treatment for malaria.
【答案】crucial
【知识点】作前置定语
【解析】【分析】句意：屠呦呦的研究发现了青蒿素，这是一种治疗疟疾的重要新疗法。根据汉语" 重要的 "和首字母，应用 crucial ，此处形容词修饰名词 treatment ，作定语，故填 crucial 。
【点评】考查形容词，本题涉及形容词作定语。
5．Your home will also learn your daily routine and p , so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening.
【答案】preferences
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：你的家也会了解你的日常生活和喜好，所以当你每天晚上回家时，一切都会为你准备好。根据句意和首字母，应用 preference "喜好，偏爱"，与 daily routine 并列，作宾语，结合语境应用复数名词，故填 preferences 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作宾语。
二、单项选择题
6． We didn't ____ that there would be snow because it was sunny when we set off.
A．participate B．anticipate C．cooperate D．strengthen
【答案】B
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我们不期待会有雪，因为我们出发的时候是晴天。participate参加，常与in搭配；anticipate期待；cooperate合作；strengthen加强。因为是晴天所以不期待会下雪，用anticipate。故选B。
【点评】考查动词的词义辨析。要求考生清楚单词意思，根据句意判断选项。
7． It was the most disastrous space accident ever, and it____ people's hearts.
A．cast a shadow on B．was bound to
C．throw light on D．make sense of
【答案】A
【知识点】动词短语的辨析；动词的固定搭配
【解析】【分析】这是曾经发生的最为灾难性的太空事故，它给人们的内心留下了阴影。cast a showdow on留下阴影；be bound to一定，决心；throw light on点亮，给...希望；make sense of理解。根据"It was the most disasterous accident ever"可知，这场事故给人们留下阴影。故选A。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。了解动词的一些常用搭配的意思，根据句意判断选项。
8． —Don't you think the new job is a real challenge for Jack
—Well, ____ difficulties he meets, I believe he will never lose heart.
A．whenever B．whatever C．whichever D．however
【答案】B
【知识点】构词法
【解析】【分析】句意：——你不认为这个新工作对于Jack来说是一个真正的挑战吗？——无论他遇到什么困难，我相信他永远不会丧失信心。whenever无论何时；whatever无论什么；whichever无论哪一个；however无论怎样。后面是名词difficulties，表示"困难"，同时根据句意需要选择"无论什么"。故选B。
【点评】考查单词意思。清楚基础单词组合而成的单词的意思，再在理解句意的基础进行选择。
9． —Did you watch the live broadcast of China's military parade on September，3rd？
—It's a pity that I missed it. I ____ to New York then
A．would fly B．flew C．was flying D．have flown
【答案】C
【知识点】动词的语态
【解析】【分析】句意：——你有看9月3日中国军队演习的现场直播吗？——很遗憾我错过了。当时我正在飞往纽约。then在这里表示"当时"，第二个说话者想表达军事演习的时候自己正在飞机上，因此用过去进行时。故选C。
【点评】考查过去进行时，选择时应当充分理解句意，揣摩语境，判断正确时态。
10． Because of their continuous failures, my enthusiasm for the football team gradually ____.
A．faded away B．ran out C．gave up D．died out
【答案】A
【知识点】动词的语态；动词短语的辨析；动词的固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：因为他们不断的失败，我对足球队的热情渐渐消失。fade away逐渐消失，褪去；ran out用尽；give up放弃；die out灭绝。fade away常用作形容某种抽象情感逐渐消失，这里指的是对足球队的热情逐渐消失。故选A。
【点评】考查动短语辨析。清楚动词短语的基本意思，根据句意判断正确选项。
三、选词填空
用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空（每个短语只能用一次，其中有两个短语是多余的）
bring…to public attention in terms of break down be devoted to set up concentrate on by accident let down take the lead at one point have an effect on look across
11．The government announced that a special charity fund next month.
12．He the river and saw what was a bright green colour on the other side of the river.
13．It was not until his wife found a hidden journal and sent it to the newspaper that his actions .
14． , he held the world record for the fastest marathon time, but later he was surpassed by a younger athlete.
15．Since joining the organization, John and his team improving access to education for poor children in remote areas.
16．With his attention the task at hand, John didn't notice the time passing by.
17．The car in the middle of the highway, causing a traffic jam.
18．The team performed exceptionally well, in the competition from the start.
19． educational achievement, the school ranks among the top in the region.
20．In most cases, what we see what we believe.
【答案】11．would be set up
12．looked across
13．were brought to public attention
14．At one point
15．have been devoted to
16．concentrated on
17．broke down
18．taking the lead
19．In terms of
20．has an effect on
【知识点】完成句子
【解析】【分析】bring…to public attention 动词短语，"让公众注意"；in terms of 介词短语，"就.....而言"；break down动词短语，"出故障，崩溃"； be devoted to动词短语，"献身于，专注于"； set up动词短语，"建立"； concentrate on 动词短语，"集中在……上"；by accident 介词短语，"偶然，意外地"；let down动词短语，"使失望"；take the lead动词短语，"领先"； at one point 介词短语，"曾经，一度"；have an effect on动词短语，"有影响"； look across动词短语，"眺望"。
【点评】考查选词填空，要求考生在理解句义的基础上，根据方框内所给的短语，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。
11．句意：政府宣布下个月将设立一个特别慈善基金。结合句意表示"设立"应用set up，空处为从句谓语动词，主语a special charity fund和set up是被动关系，主句为一般过去时，结合时间状语next month可知，从句用过去将来时的被动语态。故填would be set up。
12．句意：他望向河的对岸，看到河的另一边是一片亮绿色。结合句意表示"眺望"用look across，空处和saw并列作主句谓语，也应用一般过去时。故填looked across。
13．句意：直到他的妻子发现一本隐藏的日记并把它寄给报社，他的行为才引起公众的注意。结合句意表达"让公众注意"用bring...to public attention，空处为主句谓语动词，结合语境和从句谓语动词found判断主句用一般过去时，且主语his actions和bring是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填were brought to public attention。
14．句意：他一度保持着马拉松最快成绩的世界纪录，但后来被一位年轻的运动员超越了。结合句意表达"曾经，一度"用at one point，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填At one point。
15．句意：自加入该组织以来，John和他的团队一直致力于改善偏远地区贫困儿童的受教育机会。结合句意表达"致力于……"应用be devoted to，空处为主句谓语动词，结合语境和状语从句"Since joining the organization"判断主句为现在完成时，主语John and his team是复数，助动词用have。故填have been devoted to。
16．句意：约翰把注意力集中在手头的任务上，没有注意到时间在流逝。结合句意表达"集中在……上"用concentrate on，在with复合结构中宾语attention和concentrate on是逻辑被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补。故填concentrated on。
17．句意：汽车在高速公路中间抛锚，造成交通堵塞。结合句意表达"抛锚"用break down，空处为句子谓语动词，陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填broke down。
18．句意：这支队伍表现异常出色，从一开始就在比赛中处于领先地位。结合句意表达"领先"用take a lead，句中已有谓语动词performed且无连词，因此空处填非谓语动词作状语，take the lead和逻辑主语the team之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填taking the lead。
19．句意：就教育成绩而言，这所学校在本地区名列前茅。结合句意表达"就……而言"用in terms of，和空后名词构成状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填In terms of。
20．句意：在大多数情况下，我们所看到的对我们所相信的有影响。结合句意表达"对……有影响"用have an effect on，空处为主句谓语动词，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，句子what we see作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。故填has an effect on。
四、翻译
21．当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说： "这个荣誉不仅仅属于我。在我身后有一个团队，还有我的国家的全体人民。 "
【答案】Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, "The honor is not just mine. There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country. "
【知识点】动词的语态；一般现在时；一般过去时；过去完成时；there be结构；汉译英
【解析】【分析】时间状语"当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时"译为upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize，"这个荣誉不仅仅属于我"，是主系表结构，译为the honor is not just mine.；"在我身后有一个团队"是there be句式，结合汉语提示应用一般现在时，译为there is a team behind me；"我的国家的全体人民"用all the people of my country表达，与"一个团队"之间为并列关系，应用and连接。故答案为：Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize，she said， "The honor is not just mine.There is a team behind me，and all the people of my country."
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及过去完成时的被动语态，一般过去时，一般现在时，there be句式以及宾语从句。
22．许多这样的新发明已经可以使用，并且正在一些家庭中使用。
【答案】Many of these new innovations are already available and being used in some homes.
【知识点】动词的语态；现在进行时；一般现在时；汉译英
【解析】【分析】主语是" 许多这样的新发明 "用 many of these new innovations 表达，"可以使用"应用形容词available ，此处作表语，"已经"用副词 already 表达，" 并且正在一些家庭中使用 "应用现在进行时的被动语态，用are being used in some homes 表达，故答案为： Many of these new innovations are already available and being used in some homes.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时和现在进行时的被动语态。
23．我的心好像被切成了碎片。
【答案】My heart felt as if it had been cut into pieces.
【知识点】虚拟语气；一般过去时；过去完成时；表语从句；汉译英
【解析】【分析】主语" 我的心 "用my heart，谓语动词"感觉"用feel表达，结合汉语提示，应用过去时，"好像被切成了碎片"是as if引导的表语从句，谓语动词应用虚拟语气，"切成碎片"应用动词短语cut...into piece是对过去情况的假设，应用过去完成时的被动语态，故答案为：My heart felt as if it had been cut into pieces.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般过去时，过去完成时的被动语态，虚拟语气以及表语从句。
24．智能马桶也会持续跟踪你的健康状况。
【答案】Smart toilets will be keeping constant track of your health as well.
【知识点】固定短语；将来进行时；汉译英
【解析】【分析】主语" 智能马桶 "用 smart toilets 表达，"会持续跟踪"用动词短语 keep constant track of 是谓语动词，结合汉语提示应用将来进行时，宾语"你的健康状况"用your health 表达，副词" 也 "用固定短语as well表达，故答案为： Smart toilets will be keeping constant track of your health as well.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及将来进行时以及固定短语keep constant track of 。
25．简将要工作的房子叫Thornfield。
【答案】The house where Jane was to work was called Thornfield.
【知识点】一般过去时；过去将来时；关系副词引导定语从句的用法；汉译英
【解析】【分析】本句是含有定语从句的复合句，主句部分是" 房子叫Thornfield "，译为： The house was called Thornfield，叙述的是过去的一般性事实，用一般过去时；"简将要工作的"作定语，修饰the house，用定语从句where Jane was to work ，谓语动词用过去将来时，故答案为： The house where Jane was to work was called Thornfield.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般过去时，过去将来时以及限制性定语从句。
26． 在任何情况下，我们都不应该完全相信网上的新闻。（under no circumstances翻译句子）
【答案】Under no circumstances should we believe the news on the Internet completely.
【知识点】固定短语；倒装句；汉译英
【解析】【分析】表示"在任何情况下，我们都不..."可使用under no circumstances这一表示否定含义的短语放在句首，主干部分要使用部分倒装语序。主语we；谓语部分should believe，宾语"网上的新闻"翻译为 the news on the Internet ，"完全地"可使用副词completely作状语修饰动词believe。所以陈述句翻译为we should believe the news on the Internet completely。故答案为Under no circumstances should we believe the news on the Internet completely.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及部分倒装，以及固定短语under no circumstances。
五、改错题
27． 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I have two foreign friends, Kari and Vance, which come from the USA. Now they were teaching English in a university in Nanjing. Last year they paid the visit to our school. I had never meet any foreigners before. Besides, I was eagerly to know how I was getting on my spoken English, so I went over to talk with them. All of them were surprising a school student could speak English. And they suggested to taking a photo together. Since then we have been good friends and now we write English letter to each other often.
【答案】①which → who ②were → are ③the → a ④meet → met ⑤eagerly → eager ⑥在my前加with ⑦All → Both ⑧surprising → surprised ⑨去掉to ⑩letter → letters
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇记叙文。主要讲述去年两个外国朋友参观他们学校，作者为了检测一下英语口语如何，勇敢地和他们交流，因此几人成为了朋友，现在这两个外国朋友南京的一所大学教英语。
（1）句意：我有2个外国朋友Kari and Vance，他们都来自美国。分析全句，应使用关系代词who引起的定语从句，先行词为Kari and Vance，指人，who在从句中做主语，故将which改为who。
（2）句意：现在他们在南京的一所大学教英语。此处讲述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时，故将 were改为are。
（3）句意：去年他们参观了我们学校。固定短语pay a visit to sp.意为"参观……"，故将the改为a。
（4）句意：我以前从未见过外国人。本句使用了过去完成时had done， 动词meet的过去分词为met，故将meet改为met。
（5）句意：此外，我急切地想知道我的英语口语如何，所以我走过去和他们交谈。be动词后使用形容词做表语，此处使用固定用法be +adj.+to do...，eagerly为副词，其形容词为eager（急切的），故将eagerly改为eager。
（6）句意：此外，我急切地想知道我的英语口语如何，所以我走过去和他们交谈。固定短语get on with...表示"与……相处，某事进展如何"，分析本句，作者想知道他的英语口语怎样，使用"某事进展如何"这个词意，故在my前加with。
（7）句意：他们都对一个学生能说英语感到惊讶。根据上文可知作者有2个外国朋友Kari andVance，表示两者使用both，all表示三者或三者以上，位于句首，首字母大写，故将All改为Both。
（8）句意：他们都对一个学生能说英语感到惊讶。形容词surprised（感到惊讶的）常用来修饰人， 形容词surprising（令人惊讶的）常用来修饰物，故将surprising改为surprised。
（9）句意：并且他们建议一起照张相。本句使用固定短语suggest doing（建议做……），故将 taking前to去掉。
（10）句意：那时起，我们一直是好朋友，现在我们经常写英文信给对方。分析语境，他们彼此之间经常通信，名词letter应使用复数，故将letter改为letters。
【点评】考查短文改错。本题考点涉及时态错误，定语从句连接词使用错误，冠词错误，名词单复数，形容词副词使用错误，固定短语，代词错误等，综合性强，知识覆盖面大，区分度高。要求考生仔细分析文章每一句话，火眼金睛发现错误，并改正，得出正确答案。
六、补全对话
补全对话
It takes time to really get to know someone, but first impressions often determine whether someone is willing to spend more time learning about you. In fact, people's first impressions are made within seven seconds of meeting someone new. 28．
Show respect. People want to feel respected before they show you the same respect. 29． Be sure to treat everyone around you well, because it shows a lot about who you are.
Be enthusiastic. 30． Don't be afraid to show that you are interested in someone. In fact, people often see passion(激情)as a charming sign of strength and inspiration.Showing your enthusiasm by smiling or using friendly humor will make you seem easy-going.
31． Body language is as important as your words to first impressions. Make sure your posture is good， make strong eye contact（眼神接触）and try to express your interest in others.
Try to avoid the bad days. If something unfortunate happens, you don't have to follow a scheduled meeting on the day. 32． Let them know you don't want unfavorable things to affect them. It'll show your ability to communicate effectively.
A. Make others comfortable.
B. Instead, you can set another time.
C. Pay attention to your body language.
D.Show interest in the person you meet.
E. When you go out for dinner, be polite to waiters.
F. Be polite and show manners with "please and thank you ".
G.Here are some tips on how to make a good first impression.
【答案】28．G；29．F；30．D；31．C；32．B
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何给人留下良好第一印象的建议。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
28．根据空前"It takes time to really get to know someone, but first impressions often determine whether someone is willing to spend more time learning about you. In fact, people's first impressions are made within seven seconds of meeting someone new. "真正了解一个人是需要时间的，但第一印象往往决定了一个人是否愿意花更多的时间来了解你。事实上，人们的第一印象是在与陌生人见面后的七秒钟内形成的；结合后文介绍了如何给人留下良好第一印象的建议， G.Here are some tips on how to make a good first impression "这里有一些关于如何给人留下良好的第一印象的建议。"，承上启下。符合语境，故选G。
29．根据空前"Show respect. People want to feel respected before they show you the same respect. "尊重他人人们想要在尊重你之前感受到被尊重。可知，本段提出的建议为"尊重他人"，F. Be polite and show manners with ‘please' and ‘thank you'. "有礼貌，用‘请'和‘谢谢'来表现礼貌。"，承接上文，描述怎么样的行为是尊重他人，上下文衔接连贯，符合语境，故选F。
30．根据空后"Don't be afraid to show that you are interested in someone. In fact, people often see passion (激情) as a charming sign of strength and inspiration. Showing your enthusiasm by smiling or using friendly humor will make you seem easygoing."不要害怕表现出你对某人感兴趣。事实上，人们常常把激情看作是力量和灵感的迷人标志。用微笑或友好的幽默来表达你的热情会让你看起来很随和。可知，后文提到不要害怕表现出你对某人感兴趣，即本句是在建议对遇到的人表现出兴趣。D. Show interest in the person you meet."对你遇到的人表现出兴趣。"承接下文，符合语境，故选D。
31．根据空后"Body language is as important as your words to first impressions. Make sure your posture is good, make strong eye contact (眼神接触) and try to express your interest in others."对于第一印象来说，肢体语言和你的语言一样重要。确保你的姿势正确，要有强烈的眼神交流，并试着表达你对他人的兴趣。可知，本段的主旨是说明肢体语言的重要性，C. Pay attention to your body language. "注意你的肢体语言"，与下文语意一致，适合作小标题。故选C。
32．根据空前"Try to avoid the bad days. If something unfortunate happens, you don't have to follow a scheduled meeting on the day. "尽量避免糟糕的日子。如果不幸的事情发生了，你不必不必遵循当天的预定见面；以及空后"Let them know you don't want unfavorable things to affect them. It'll show your ability to communicate effectively. "让他们知道你不想让不好的事情影响到他们。这将显示你有效沟通的能力。可知，上文提到不必在当天遵守预定的会面，让自己不好的事情影响到别人，即建议另外约时间， B. Instead, you can set another time. "相反，你可以另定时间。"，与上文为转折关系，下文则是对B项的解释，上下文衔接连贯，故选B。
七、阅读理解
阅读理解
When international aid is given, steps must be taken to ensure that the aid reaches the people for whom it is intended. The way to achieve this may not be simple. It is very difficult for a nation to give help directly to people in another nation. The United Nations Organization(UNO)could undertake to direct the distribution of aid. Here however rises the problem of costs. Also tied with this is time. Perhaps the UNO could set up a body of devoted men and women in every country who can speedily distribute aid to victims of floods and earthquakes.
More than the help that one nation can give to another during a disaster, it would be more effective to give other forms of help during normal times. A common proverb says,"Give me a fish and I eat for a day, teach me to fish and I eat for a lifetime. "If we follow this wise saying, it would be right to teach people from less developed nations to take care of themselves. For example, a country could share its technology with another. This could be in simple areas like agriculture or in more complex areas like medical and health care or even in building satellites. Even a small country is able to help less developed nations. Sometime what is taken for granted, like the setting up of a water purification plant or the administration of a school, could be useful for countries which are looking about to solve common problems. It does not cost much to share such simple things. Exchange students could be attached for a number of months or years and learn the required craft while on the site. They can then take their knowledge back to their homelands and if necessary come back from time to time to clear doubts or to update themselves. Such aid will be truly helpful and there is no chance of it being temporary or of it falling into the wrong hands.
Many countries run extensive courses in all sorts of skills. It will not cost much to include deserving foreigners in these courses. Besides giving effective help to the countries concerned, there is also the build-up of friendships to consider. Giving direct help by giving materials may be effective in the short run and must continue to be given in the event of emergencies. However, in the long run what is really effective would be the sharing of knowledge.
33．According to the author, how could international aid reach the victims in time
A．By solving the cost problems.
B．By solving the transportation problems.
C．By setting up a body of devoted people in every country.
D．By relying on the direct distribution of the UNO.
34．What does the author try to express in the underlined sentence
A．Providing food is vital.
B．Learning to fish is helpful.
C．Teaching skills is essential.
D．Looking after others is important.
35．The second paragraph is developed mainly____.
A．by example B．by process C．by comparison D．by contrast
36．Which aid is likely to fall into the wrong hands
A．A medical team. B．An exchange program.
C．A water plant. D．Financial support.
37．What can we infer about international aid from the passage
A．It is facing difficulties.
B．It is unnecessary during normal times.
C．It should be given in the form of materials.
D．It has gained support from developed countries.
【答案】33．C
34．C
35．A
36．D
37．A
【知识点】细节理解题；文章结构题；说明文；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】文章讲了提供国际救援存在的困难，并提出传授救援的形式比给予救援的物资更为重要并进行了大量的举例。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和推理判断题，文章太长或有较多生词时不用紧张，仔细审题抓住题目中关键词去文章中寻找对应的词，答案一定在文中有所体现。
33．细节题，根据Perhaps the UNO could set up a body of devoted men and women in every country who can speedily distribute aid to victims of floods and earthquakes可知，国际救援能快速抵达受害者的方式是建立一支热衷于这项事业的队伍，故选C。
34．推理判断题，根据划线句句意"授人以鱼不如授人以渔"可知，作者想说的是给其他国家提供帮助不如教他们如何自救，因此教别人技能是十分必要的，故选C。
35．推理判断题，第二段的首句是本段中心句，表明作者"授人以鱼不如授人以渔"的观点，接下来都是作者用例子在举证，如a country could share its technology with another国家间分享技术，exchange students国家间派交换生互相学习等，作者通过一系列例子举证本段中心句，故选A。
36．细节题，根据This could be in simple areas like agriculture or in more complex areas like medical and health care or even in building satellite和Exchange students could be attached for a number of months or years and learn the required craft while on the site和 Sometime what is taken for granted, like the setting up of a water purification plant or the administration of a school, could be useful for countries which are looking about to solve common problems以及第二段最后一句说这些救援方式不会落入坏人之手可分别排除A，B，C，故选D。
37．细节题，根据第二段第一句More than the help that one nation can give to another during a disaster, it would be more effective to give other forms of help during normal time可知救援在平常的时候也是必要的，以及传授方式比给予物质救助更有效，可判断A、B错误；文中并没有提到国家救援得到发达国家的支持，无法从文章中得出，D错误，故选A。
阅读理解
We like to think we can read people like a book, relying mostly on facial expressions that give away the emotions inside. But when it comes to the strongest emotions, we read much less from facial expressions than we think we do. In fact, even though we believe it's the face that tells the story, we're typically reading something very different: body language.
That's the new finding from a study published this week in the journal Science. Researchers from Princeton, New York University, and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem presented volunteer study participants with a series of pictures showing people experiencing extreme emotion, either positive or negative. The images included professional tennis players who had just won or lost a point in a major match.
In some of the images, researchers only show the study participants a face; in others, only a body; and in others still, both the body and the face. You might think it'd be obvious from a face whether he has just won Wimbledon. But it turns out it isn't.
"The striking finding was that our participants had no clue if the motion was positive or negative, when they were judging faces only," says lead study author Hillel Aviezer from Hebrew University. "By comparison, when they were judging the body (with no face), or the body with the face, they easily told positive from negative expressions. "
The findings are doubly surprising because the study participants themselves were convinced that they recognized the emotions from the faces, not from body language. "They even had their own theories about what part of the face was most important — but this was a false idea," Aviezer says. He adds that we do, of course, read a great deal of emotional information from faces but only in certain situations.
"I think the findings may have some clinical applications," he says. "Consider populations such as individuals with autism (孤独症). We know these people often have difficulties with recognizing facial expressions," he says. "Until now we have been trying to help them by training them to better understand just the faces. But our work suggests that perhaps we should teach them how to recognize emotions from the full person. "
38．Compared with facial expressions, body language is ____.
A．more important for showing strong emotions
B．good at expressing more negative feelings
C．more difficult to recognize and understand
D．especially important for professional tennis players
39．The participants made poor judgments when they were shown pictures of ____.
A．just a body B．just a face
C．a full person D．negative emotions
40．According to Aviezer, the study participants ____.
A．could explain the reasons behind their judgments correctly
B．read most emotional information from faces
C．overstressed the importance of faces
D．could recognize the emotions easily
41．According to the last paragraph, the research ____.
A．may offer new ways to recognize facial expressions
B．can be used to understand some patients' feelings
C．can help people deal with negative emotions
D．may help people with communication problems
42．Where can you probably find the text
A．In a health magazine. B．In a news report.
C．In a science textbook. D．In a personal diary.
【答案】38．A
39．B
40．C
41．D
42．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；观点态度题；社会现象类；科普类；夹叙夹议
【解析】【分析】文章介绍了一项科学研究，表明通过肢体语言判断人的情绪比通过面部表情更准确并可将研究成果应用到医疗领域中。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和推理判断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
38．细节题，根据第一段第二、三句 But when it comes to the strongest emotions, we read much less from facial expressions than we think we do. In fact, even though we believe it's the face that tells the story, we're typically reading something very different: body languag可知，在表达强烈情感时，肢体语言比面部表情更为重要，故选A。
39．细节题，根据第四段第一句The striking finding was that our participants had no clue if the motion was positive or negative, when they were judging faces only可知，仅通过脸部作出的判断不准确，故选B。
40．推理判断题，根据倒数第二段The findings are doubly surprising because the study participants themselves were convinced that they recognized the emotions from the faces, not from body language可知，志愿者们坚信自己主要是通过面部表情做出正确判断的，所以可以推断出他们过于重视面部表情了，故选C。
41．推理判断题，根据最后一段最后一句But our work suggests that perhaps we should teach them how to recognize emotions from the full person可知，这项研究可以帮助有交流障碍的人更好地辨别他人的情绪，从而帮助他们更好地与他人交流，故选D。
42．推理判断题，文章主要介绍了一项研究，表明通过肢体语言判断人的情绪比通过面部表情更准确，是对一项科学研究的报道，因此选新闻报道更合理，故选B。
八、书面表达
43．假设你是李津，你的英国笔友 Daniel来信向你求助。他最近在学校举办的汉语演讲比
赛中没有获奖，情绪低落，希望你能回信谈谈如何学好汉语。请你给他写-封回信，要点如下：
(1)表示遗憾并安慰
(2)给出学好汉语的方法，如阅读多使用语不犯错
(3)鼓励他不要气馁并表示祝愿
注意：
(1)词数不少于100词；
(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。
参考词汇：演讲比赛 speech competition
Dear Daniel,
I feel deeply sorry when hearing that
Best wishes to you!
Yours sincerely,
Li Jin
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Daniel，
I feel deeply sorry when hearing that you failed to win the speech competition in Chinese held in your school, which made you so depressed. Please don't think about it any more. After all, what is important is that you had put your mind to it.
As for how to learn Chinese, I would really like to offer my helping hand. To begin with, it would always be a great idea to read books in Chinese. I am sure that you can take your Chinese to the next level by reading. In addition, practising Chinese with others or attending a Chinese class is also helpful. Besides, there is no need being afraid of making mistakes when learning a foreign language, without which we can never learn.
I hope you can be persistent in learning Chinese and make progress day by day. Please remember nothing can stop you to make your dream come true once you make up your mind to do it.
Best wishes to you！
Yours sincerely,
Li Jin
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李津的身份写-封回信。写作背景：你的英国笔友 Daniel来信向你求助。他最近在学校举办的汉语演讲比赛中没有获奖，情绪低落，希望你能回信谈谈如何学好汉语。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：(1)表示遗憾并安慰；(2)给出学好汉语的方法，如阅读多使用语不犯错；(3)鼓励他不要气馁并表示祝愿。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I feel deeply sorry when hearing that you failed to win the speech competition in Chinese held in your school, which made you so depressed.运用了宾语从句，非限制性定语从句； Please don't think about it any more. 运用了祈使句；After all, what is important is that you had put your mind to it.运用了主语从句，表语从句；As for how to learn Chinese, I would really like to offer my helping hand. 运用了"疑问词+不定式"作宾语； To begin with, it would always be a great idea to read books in Chinese. 运用了it作形式主语； I am sure that you can take your Chinese to the next level by reading. 运用了宾语从句；In addition, practising Chinese with others or attending a Chinese class is also helpful. 运用了动名词作主语； Besides, there is no need being afraid of making mistakes when learning a foreign language, without which we can never learn.运用了固定句式there is no need ，时间状语从句的省略，非限制性定语从句；I hope you can be persistent in learning Chinese and make progress day by day. 运用了宾语从句；Please remember nothing can stop you to make your dream come true once you make up your mind to do it.运用了宾语从句，条件状语从句。
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Unit 5 Languages around the world单元分层练
一、单词拼写
1．They advocate a simple life with an e (强调) on hard work, family, and community.
2．Following this, he g became famous throughout the world as the new Isaac Newton.
3．Her team examined over 2, 000 old medical texts, and evaluated 280, 000 plants for their medical p (价值).
4．Tu You you's research lead to the discovery of artemisinin, a c (重要的) new treatment for malaria.
5．Your home will also learn your daily routine and p , so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening.
二、单项选择题
6． We didn't ____ that there would be snow because it was sunny when we set off.
A．participate B．anticipate C．cooperate D．strengthen
7． It was the most disastrous space accident ever, and it____ people's hearts.
A．cast a shadow on B．was bound to
C．throw light on D．make sense of
8． —Don't you think the new job is a real challenge for Jack
—Well, ____ difficulties he meets, I believe he will never lose heart.
A．whenever B．whatever C．whichever D．however
9． —Did you watch the live broadcast of China's military parade on September，3rd？
—It's a pity that I missed it. I ____ to New York then
A．would fly B．flew C．was flying D．have flown
10． Because of their continuous failures, my enthusiasm for the football team gradually ____.
A．faded away B．ran out C．gave up D．died out
三、选词填空
用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空（每个短语只能用一次，其中有两个短语是多余的）
bring…to public attention in terms of break down be devoted to set up concentrate on by accident let down take the lead at one point have an effect on look across
11．The government announced that a special charity fund next month.
12．He the river and saw what was a bright green colour on the other side of the river.
13．It was not until his wife found a hidden journal and sent it to the newspaper that his actions .
14． , he held the world record for the fastest marathon time, but later he was surpassed by a younger athlete.
15．Since joining the organization, John and his team improving access to education for poor children in remote areas.
16．With his attention the task at hand, John didn't notice the time passing by.
17．The car in the middle of the highway, causing a traffic jam.
18．The team performed exceptionally well, in the competition from the start.
19． educational achievement, the school ranks among the top in the region.
20．In most cases, what we see what we believe.
四、翻译
21．当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说： "这个荣誉不仅仅属于我。在我身后有一个团队，还有我的国家的全体人民。 "
22．许多这样的新发明已经可以使用，并且正在一些家庭中使用。
23．我的心好像被切成了碎片。
24．智能马桶也会持续跟踪你的健康状况。
25．简将要工作的房子叫Thornfield。
26． 在任何情况下，我们都不应该完全相信网上的新闻。（under no circumstances翻译句子）
五、改错题
27． 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I have two foreign friends, Kari and Vance, which come from the USA. Now they were teaching English in a university in Nanjing. Last year they paid the visit to our school. I had never meet any foreigners before. Besides, I was eagerly to know how I was getting on my spoken English, so I went over to talk with them. All of them were surprising a school student could speak English. And they suggested to taking a photo together. Since then we have been good friends and now we write English letter to each other often.
六、补全对话
补全对话
It takes time to really get to know someone, but first impressions often determine whether someone is willing to spend more time learning about you. In fact, people's first impressions are made within seven seconds of meeting someone new. 28．
Show respect. People want to feel respected before they show you the same respect. 29． Be sure to treat everyone around you well, because it shows a lot about who you are.
Be enthusiastic. 30． Don't be afraid to show that you are interested in someone. In fact, people often see passion(激情)as a charming sign of strength and inspiration.Showing your enthusiasm by smiling or using friendly humor will make you seem easy-going.
31． Body language is as important as your words to first impressions. Make sure your posture is good， make strong eye contact（眼神接触）and try to express your interest in others.
Try to avoid the bad days. If something unfortunate happens, you don't have to follow a scheduled meeting on the day. 32． Let them know you don't want unfavorable things to affect them. It'll show your ability to communicate effectively.
A. Make others comfortable.
B. Instead, you can set another time.
C. Pay attention to your body language.
D.Show interest in the person you meet.
E. When you go out for dinner, be polite to waiters.
F. Be polite and show manners with "please and thank you ".
G.Here are some tips on how to make a good first impression.
七、阅读理解
阅读理解
When international aid is given, steps must be taken to ensure that the aid reaches the people for whom it is intended. The way to achieve this may not be simple. It is very difficult for a nation to give help directly to people in another nation. The United Nations Organization(UNO)could undertake to direct the distribution of aid. Here however rises the problem of costs. Also tied with this is time. Perhaps the UNO could set up a body of devoted men and women in every country who can speedily distribute aid to victims of floods and earthquakes.
More than the help that one nation can give to another during a disaster, it would be more effective to give other forms of help during normal times. A common proverb says,"Give me a fish and I eat for a day, teach me to fish and I eat for a lifetime. "If we follow this wise saying, it would be right to teach people from less developed nations to take care of themselves. For example, a country could share its technology with another. This could be in simple areas like agriculture or in more complex areas like medical and health care or even in building satellites. Even a small country is able to help less developed nations. Sometime what is taken for granted, like the setting up of a water purification plant or the administration of a school, could be useful for countries which are looking about to solve common problems. It does not cost much to share such simple things. Exchange students could be attached for a number of months or years and learn the required craft while on the site. They can then take their knowledge back to their homelands and if necessary come back from time to time to clear doubts or to update themselves. Such aid will be truly helpful and there is no chance of it being temporary or of it falling into the wrong hands.
Many countries run extensive courses in all sorts of skills. It will not cost much to include deserving foreigners in these courses. Besides giving effective help to the countries concerned, there is also the build-up of friendships to consider. Giving direct help by giving materials may be effective in the short run and must continue to be given in the event of emergencies. However, in the long run what is really effective would be the sharing of knowledge.
33．According to the author, how could international aid reach the victims in time
A．By solving the cost problems.
B．By solving the transportation problems.
C．By setting up a body of devoted people in every country.
D．By relying on the direct distribution of the UNO.
34．What does the author try to express in the underlined sentence
A．Providing food is vital.
B．Learning to fish is helpful.
C．Teaching skills is essential.
D．Looking after others is important.
35．The second paragraph is developed mainly____.
A．by example B．by process C．by comparison D．by contrast
36．Which aid is likely to fall into the wrong hands
A．A medical team. B．An exchange program.
C．A water plant. D．Financial support.
37．What can we infer about international aid from the passage
A．It is facing difficulties.
B．It is unnecessary during normal times.
C．It should be given in the form of materials.
D．It has gained support from developed countries.
阅读理解
We like to think we can read people like a book, relying mostly on facial expressions that give away the emotions inside. But when it comes to the strongest emotions, we read much less from facial expressions than we think we do. In fact, even though we believe it's the face that tells the story, we're typically reading something very different: body language.
That's the new finding from a study published this week in the journal Science. Researchers from Princeton, New York University, and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem presented volunteer study participants with a series of pictures showing people experiencing extreme emotion, either positive or negative. The images included professional tennis players who had just won or lost a point in a major match.
In some of the images, researchers only show the study participants a face; in others, only a body; and in others still, both the body and the face. You might think it'd be obvious from a face whether he has just won Wimbledon. But it turns out it isn't.
"The striking finding was that our participants had no clue if the motion was positive or negative, when they were judging faces only," says lead study author Hillel Aviezer from Hebrew University. "By comparison, when they were judging the body (with no face), or the body with the face, they easily told positive from negative expressions. "
The findings are doubly surprising because the study participants themselves were convinced that they recognized the emotions from the faces, not from body language. "They even had their own theories about what part of the face was most important — but this was a false idea," Aviezer says. He adds that we do, of course, read a great deal of emotional information from faces but only in certain situations.
"I think the findings may have some clinical applications," he says. "Consider populations such as individuals with autism (孤独症). We know these people often have difficulties with recognizing facial expressions," he says. "Until now we have been trying to help them by training them to better understand just the faces. But our work suggests that perhaps we should teach them how to recognize emotions from the full person. "
38．Compared with facial expressions, body language is ____.
A．more important for showing strong emotions
B．good at expressing more negative feelings
C．more difficult to recognize and understand
D．especially important for professional tennis players
39．The participants made poor judgments when they were shown pictures of ____.
A．just a body B．just a face
C．a full person D．negative emotions
40．According to Aviezer, the study participants ____.
A．could explain the reasons behind their judgments correctly
B．read most emotional information from faces
C．overstressed the importance of faces
D．could recognize the emotions easily
41．According to the last paragraph, the research ____.
A．may offer new ways to recognize facial expressions
B．can be used to understand some patients' feelings
C．can help people deal with negative emotions
D．may help people with communication problems
42．Where can you probably find the text
A．In a health magazine. B．In a news report.
C．In a science textbook. D．In a personal diary.
八、书面表达
43．假设你是李津，你的英国笔友 Daniel来信向你求助。他最近在学校举办的汉语演讲比
赛中没有获奖，情绪低落，希望你能回信谈谈如何学好汉语。请你给他写-封回信，要点如下：
(1)表示遗憾并安慰
(2)给出学好汉语的方法，如阅读多使用语不犯错
(3)鼓励他不要气馁并表示祝愿
注意：
(1)词数不少于100词；
(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。
参考词汇：演讲比赛 speech competition
Dear Daniel,
I feel deeply sorry when hearing that
Best wishes to you!
Yours sincerely,
Li Jin
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
