阅读理解（议论文+新闻报道）-备战2024年高考英语近两年名校地市联考模拟试题精选汇编（新高考）
2023·重庆·西南大学附中模拟测试
2. 2023·江苏南京第一中学校考模拟预测
2023·湖南邵阳·统考三模
2023·湖南郴州·校联考模拟预测
2023·福建泉州·泉州五中校考一模
2023·四川·校联考模拟预测
2023··福建省福州第一中学校考三模
2023·河北衡水中学校考模拟预测
9. 2023·湖南长沙·长郡中学校考模拟预测
10.2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈师大附中校考模拟预测
1.【2023·重庆·西南大学附中模拟测试】
An owl(猫头鹰) named Flaco escaped New York’s Central Park Zoo last week after his cage was broken. This set off a bird- hunt of police officers and park rangers( 护林员). Zoo officials worried that Flaco, who had been kept in his zoo cage for 13 years, may have lost the survival abilities he needed in the wild. They placed some of his favorite treats in the open air to attempt to trap him.
Flaco was not fooled. Instead, he was sighted flying over 5th Avenue, and Central Park’s skating rink. A number of New Yorkers stamped into Central Park to try to catch a glimpse of Flaco, taking photos with excitement.
But this week, zoo officials announced they accepted that Flaco remained in Central Park because he had been seen bringing up bones and fur from the park’s abundant community of rats. “He has been very successful at hunting and consuming the abundant rats in the park.” zoo officials told the New York Post. “And that’s amazing. He’s hunting on his own. He’s flying better. Flaco really seems to be enjoying himself out there.”
There is a caution attached to this story of an owl who is making it on his own in the city that never sleeps. Owls are nocturnal. They go around searching for food at night. They sleep during the day, or try to, like lots of people who work the overnight shift. Yet some New Yorkers who don’t know proper bird-watching behavior reportedly see Flaco sleep in a tree during the day, and begin to shout at him. It interrupts his sleep. Flaco can’t try to say “shh, shh” with the traditional New York reply. After all, a bird can’t give someone the bird.
1．Why were zoo officials concerned about Flaco’s ability to survive
A．Because his favourite food was too little.
B．Because he might be attacked by police.
C．Because his cage was severely damaged.
D．Because he was kept in his cage for long.
2．What can we infer about Flaco from the third paragraph
A．He has adapted to the wild. B．He has found his previous home.
C．He still faces great challenges. D．He dislikes the rats in the park.
3．What does the underlined word “nocturnal” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Scary-looking. B．Shy and quiet.
C．Active at night. D．Badly-behaved.
4．Which word best describes the author’s attitude to the interruption to Flaco’s sleep
A．Cautious. B．Favorable. C．Ambiguous. D．Disapproving.
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．D
【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章报道了猫头鹰弗拉科 从纽约中央公园动物园的围栏中逃了出来。在躲过了各种救援尝试后，弗拉科已经很好地适应了他宽敞的新家——他可能会一直呆在那里。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Zoo officials worried that Flaco, who had been kept in his zoo cage for 13 years, may have lost the survival abilities he needed in the wild.（动物园官员担心，在动物园笼子里被关了13年的弗拉科可能已经失去了在野外生存所需的能力。）”可知，因为他被关在笼子里太久了所以动物园官员担心弗拉科的生存能力。故选D。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段“But this week, zoo officials announced they accepted that Flaco remained in Central Park because he had been seen bringing up bones and fur from the park’s abundant community of rats. ‘He has been very successful at hunting and consuming the abundant rats in the park.’ zoo officials told the New York Post. ‘And that’s amazing. He’s hunting on his own. He’s flying better. Flaco really seems to be enjoying himself out there.’（但本周，动物园官员宣布，他们接受Flaco留在中央公园，因为有人看到它从公园里大量的老鼠群落中叼来骨头和皮毛。“他在猎捕和吃掉公园里大量的老鼠方面非常成功。动物园官员告诉《纽约邮报》。“这太神奇了。他在独自打猎。他飞得好多了。弗拉科似乎在那里玩得很开心。”）”可知，从第三段可以推断弗拉科已经适应了野外环境。故选A。
3．词义猜测题。根据第四段划线词后“They go around searching for food at night. They sleep during the day, or try to, like lots of people who work the overnight shift. （它们在夜间四处寻找食物。他们白天睡觉，或者试着睡觉，就像很多上夜班的人一样。）”可知，猫头鹰是夜行动物，划线词是在夜晚活跃的。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“ Yet some New Yorkers who don’t know proper bird-watching behavior reportedly see Flaco sleep in a tree during the day, and begin to shout at him. It interrupts his sleep. Flaco can’t try to say “shh, shh” with the traditional New York reply. After all, a bird can’t give someone the bird.（然而，据报道，一些不知道正确观鸟行为的纽约人看到Flaco白天在树上睡觉，就开始对它大喊大叫。它打断了他的睡眠。弗拉科不能用传统的纽约人的回答说“嘘，嘘”。）”可知，作者对弗拉科睡眠被打断的态度是不同意的。故选D。
2.（2023·江苏南京第一中学校考模拟预测）
Tesla’s self-driving cars have recently come under investigation as a report on crashes raises questions about their safety. Despite Tesla CEO Elon Musk’s claim that their Autopilot capability makes their cars “unequivocally (毫不含糊地) safer,” data suggests otherwise.
According to The Washington Post, the number of deaths and serious injuries associated with Tesla’s driver-assistance technology is higher than previously reported. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) recorded 736 crashes since 2019, with at least17 of them being fatal. These figures include crashes involving both Autopilot, which allows cars to drive on highways without human intervention, and the newer Full Self-Driving feature, which extends automation to city streets. However, these statistics can’t record incidents that were avoided due to the cars’ safety features. Additionally, when compared to the total number of car crashes that occurred last year, the number of crashes involving driver-assistance vehicles appears relatively small, but actually it’s not.
Tesla’s safety claims lack context as Autopilot is primarily designed for highways, while most accidents occur in more complex environments with cross-traffic, pedestrians, and cyclists. Moreover, Tesla’s customer base consists mainly of wealthier individuals who live in communities with lower accident rates.
Concerns are raised by Tesla’s request to the NHTSA not to reveal whether Autopilot or Full Self-Driving was in use during fatal crashes. This lack of transparency (透明) prevents a comprehensive analysis of the incidents and raises questions about responsibility.
Safety exaggerations (夸大) combined with Tesla’s aggressive marketing have led to accidents caused by drivers relying too heavily on the system. Full Self-Driving does not allow the car to fully drive itself, and drivers are expected to remain attentive and ready to intervene at all times. However, Tesla’s messaging may mislead some users into believing otherwise.
While a driverless future has the potential to be safer, it is crucial not to convince the public that underdeveloped capabilities are ready for widespread use. Tesla should address past problems, ensure their automation set can detect emergency vehicles, and be transparent with the public about the limitations of their technology. Rushing the implementation of such technology without addressing its limitations could lead to serious consequences on the road.
5．What can we learn about Tesla’s driver-assistance-related crashes from paragraph 2
A．736 fatal cases of self-driving are recorded.
B．NHTSA focused on the crashes on highways.
C．The total number of car crashes is extremely small.
D．The incidents avoided are not counted in the crash statistics.
6．What can be inferred about Tesla’s safety claims
A．They are supported by comprehensive data.
B．They are based on limited driving environment.
C．They are restricted to the experiences of satisfied customers.
D．They have been proven to be accurate and reliable by NHTSA．
7．What can we know about Full Self-Driving
A．It is ill-received. B．It is well-developed.
C．It needs the driver to stay focused. D．It reduces the accidents greatly.
8．Which title best summarizes the content of this text
A．Concerns and Questions Surrounding Tesla’s “Self-Driving” Cars
B．Tesla’s Self-Driving Cars: The Safest Option of Driving on the Road
C．The Future of Self-Driving Cars: A Closer Look at Tesla’s Technology
D．Reconstruction and Revolution of Tesla’s Autopilot and Full Self-Driving
【答案】5．D 6．B 7．C 8．A
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是特斯拉的自动驾驶车辆所受到的一些质疑和它自身存在的一些问题。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段的“However, these statistics can’t record incidents that were avoided due to the cars’ safety features.(然而，这些统计数据并不能记录由于汽车的安全特性而避免的事故。)”可知，避免的事故不计入撞车统计。故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段的“Tesla’s safety claims lack context as Autopilot is primarily designed for highways, while most accidents occur in more complex environments with cross-traffic, pedestrians, and cyclists. Moreover, Tesla’s customer base consists mainly of wealthier individuals who live in communities with lower accident rates.(特斯拉的安全声明缺乏背景，因为自动驾驶仪主要是为高速公路设计的，而大多数事故发生在更复杂的环境中，有交叉交通、行人和骑自行车的人。此外，特斯拉的客户群主要是生活在事故率较低社区的富裕人士。)”可知，特斯拉的安全声明是基于有限的驾驶环境。故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Full Self-Driving does not allow the car to fully drive itself, and drivers are expected to remain attentive and ready to intervene at all times.(全自动驾驶不允许汽车完全自动驾驶，司机需要保持注意力，随时准备干预。)”可知，全自动驾驶需要司机保持专注。故选C。
8．主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Tesla’s self-driving cars have recently come under investigation as a report on crashes raises questions about their safety. Despite Tesla CEO Elon Musk’s claim that their Autopilot capability makes their cars “unequivocally (毫不含糊地) safer,” data suggests otherwise.(特斯拉的自动驾驶汽车最近受到调查，因为一份关于车祸的报告引发了对其安全性的质疑。尽管特斯拉首席执行官Elon Musk声称，他们的自动驾驶功能使他们的汽车“绝对更安全”，但数据显示并非如此。)”及后文的描述可知，本文主要讲的是特斯拉的自动驾驶车辆所受到的一些质疑和它自身存在的一些问题，因此最好的题目是A选项“Concerns and Questions Surrounding Tesla’s “Self-Driving” Cars(围绕特斯拉“自动驾驶”汽车的担忧和问题)”。故选A。
3.【2023·湖南邵阳·统考三模】
More families than ever are taking “adventures”—long term trips where children learn on the road. Worldschooling (游学世界), adventuring, life-learning, whatever you call it, more parents are doing it.
Take Jo and Jamie Robins, who are into a four-month South America trip with their daughters. “We want to take some time to step back from life, the treadmill (枯燥无味的工作) of working hard to pay a mortgage (按揭贷款), not having enough time for family or to follow our interests , says Jo.
David and Debs Hurst’s three-month mission to visit their Facebook friends with their sons turned into a campervan(房车) trip across 13 countries. “To our minds, they are learning in a more interesting way,” says David.
Martina and Julian Tyrrell sold their house in Cambridge to sail off into the sunset on a yacht(游艇) with their daughters. Nearly two years on, they are now based by the Guadiana River on the border of Spain and Portugal while the girls go to a Spanish school and are wondering where the wind might take them next. “When people asked us how long we would be away, I jokingly said between six months and 60 years. The kids love the life and I’m not that concerned about school because we always said we would homeschool them. If they get to a point where they want to go to school, I won’t stand in their way,” says Martina.
The Department of Education takes a poor view of any time away from school. “Children must receive a suitable education. Even missing a week of school affects children’s attainment,” said a spokeswoman.
Most round-the-world family blogs praise the experience as life-changing in the best way possible. Lara Pennington-Ellis, a British single mum based in Barcelona who set off on a round-the-world trip with her eight-year-old son, is one exception. I’m loving our intense time together but I’m also missing my personal freedom and adult conversation. “Worldschooling sounds easygoing but it’s actually the hardest hour of the day, to work hard and do maths /Spanish /English /handwriting homework.” she says in one post.
9．Why did Jo go adventuring
A．To find inspiration for her work. B．To enjoy life with her family.
C．To meet her online friends. D．To learn Spanish.
10．What do Martina’s words show
A．She is concerned about school education.
B．She has difficulty teaching her kids at home.
C．She will allow her kids to decide when to attend school.
D．She will spend less than three months on a trip.
11．What is the spokeswoman’s attitude towards adventures
A．Reserved. B．Supportive. C．Uncaring. D．Critical.
12．What is a disadvantage of adventure for parents according to Lara
A．They fail to find useful guidance from professionals. B．They have much less time for themselves.
C．They are short of teaching materials. D．They can hardly afford it.
【答案】9．B 10．C 11．D 12．B
【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章报道了不同家长对于带孩子游学的不同观点。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段中的““We want to take some time to step back from life, the treadmill (枯燥无味的工作) of working hard to pay a mortgage (按揭贷款), not having enough time for family or to follow our interests , says Jo.(“我们想花点时间从生活中退一步，从努力工作还房贷的单调乏味中退一步，我们没有足够的时间陪伴家人或从事自己的兴趣爱好，”乔说)”可知，Jo带孩子游学是为了有更多的时间与家人享受生活。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“If they get to a point where they want to go to school, I won’t stand in their way.(如果他们到了想上学的地步，我不会挡他们的路)”可知，Martina允许孩子们自己决定什么时候去上学。故选C。
11．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Children must receive a suitable education. Even missing a week of school affects children’s attainment.(孩子们必须接受适当的教育。即使缺课一周也会影响孩子的成绩)”可知，这位女性发言人对游学持批评的态度。故选D。
12．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“I’m loving our intense time together but I’m also missing my personal freedom and adult conversation.(我喜欢我们在一起的紧张时光，但我也想念我的个人自由和成年人的谈话)”可知，Lara认为带孩子游学的弊端是没有自己的时间。故选B。
4.（2023·湖南郴州·校联考模拟预测）
It’s unlikely that you come home from a trip and stand on top of your bed still wearing your street shoes. For some travellers, putting their suitcase on their bed is just as disgusting (令人反感的). The wheels of our luggage paced the same soiled path as our shoes, rolling through airport bathrooms, sidewalks and public transportation.
While it might sound terrible to put a worldly bag on your bed, is it actually harmful to your health According to Phyllis Kozarsky, an expert travel health consultant, most public health professionals don’t consider luggage a major transmitter (传播者) of disease.
“We have not identified outbreaks related to dirty luggage,” Kozarsky says. Travellers may benefit from cleaning their luggage if they suspect that their hotel rooms are overrun with bedbugs. “Then they certainly would benefit by cleaning it after they returned home,” Kozarsky says.
Even if your luggage touching your bed won’t hurt you, you might still be disgusted. After all, travel is an experience full of bacteria. “You have people... carrying all types of different bacteria. Some of them are sick, and you now have them populating these public travel places,” says Colleen Costello, CEO of Vital Vio, a company that makes antibacterial LED lights. Your fellow travellers have to touch all the same things you have to touch, from the TSA checkpoint to the airplane, the train ticketing machine to the handrail in your train car.
For peace of mind, Costello recommends giving your bag a quick disinfection or storing it on a luggage shelf. Of course, you could go beyond disinfecting your luggage wheels and clean thoroughly the rest of your travel experience — the airplane tray table, hotel room door and remote control.
But Kozarsky doesn’t guarantee that lifestyle. “It’s hard to keep up with every doorhandle, every railing,” Kozarsky says. “You can become a little neurotic (神经质的) that way.”
13．What’s the function of the first paragraph
A．To predict the conclusion. B．To present the argument.
C．To introduce the topic. D．To describe the phenomenon.
14．What does Kozarsky convey by explaining the luggage-cleaning case
A．Luggage touching your bed won’t hurt you. B．Luggage spreads disease through your bed.
C．It’s a must to clean your luggage after travelling. D．Travellers should be careful of on-way dangers.
15．How does Costello support his opinion
A．By giving examples. B．By stating facts.
C．By making comparisons. D．By listing figures.
16．What does Kozarsky think of Costello’s suggestion
A．It has gone too far. B．It’s absolutely worthless.
C．It sounds somewhat reasonable. D．It’s worth taking into consideration.
【答案】13．C 14．A 15．B 16．A
【导语】这是一篇议论文。跟随主人闯荡多年的行李箱放在床上是否对人体有害？专家对此观点不一。
13．推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s unlikely that you come home from a trip and stand on top of your bed still wearing your street shoes. For some travellers, putting their suitcase on their bed is just as disgusting (令人反感的). The wheels of our luggage paced the same soiled path as our shoes, rolling through airport bathrooms, sidewalks and public transportation.(你不太可能从旅行回到家，还穿着你的街头鞋站在床上。对一些旅行者来说，把行李箱放在床上同样令人恶心。我们的行李轮子和我们的鞋子一样，在机场的浴室、人行道和公共交通工具上滚动着)”以及第二段“While it might sound terrible to put a worldly bag on your bed, is it actually harmful to your health (虽然把一个世俗的袋子放在床上听起来很可怕，但它真的对你的健康有害吗？)”可推知，第一段的作用是引入文章话题。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段“We have not identified outbreaks related to dirty luggage(我们还没有发现与脏行李有关的疫情)”以及第四段“Even if your luggage touching your bed won’t hurt you, you might still be disgusted.(即使你的行李碰在床上不会伤害到你，你也可能会感到恶心)”可知，科扎斯基通过解释行李清洁案例传达行李碰你的床不会伤害你。故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据第四段““You have people... carrying all types of different bacteria. Some of them are sick, and you now have them populating these public travel places,” says Colleen Costello, CEO of Vital Vio, a company that makes antibacterial LED lights.(“有人……携带各种不同的细菌。他们中的一些人生病了，现在他们在这些公共旅行场所聚集，”生产抗菌LED灯的Vital Vio公司的首席执行官科琳·科斯特洛说)”可推知，科斯特洛通过陈述事实支持他的观点。故选B。
16．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But Kozarsky doesn’t guarantee that lifestyle. “It’s hard to keep up with every doorhandle, every railing,” Kozarsky says. “You can become a little neurotic (神经质的) that way.”(但科扎斯基并不能保证这种生活方式。科扎尔斯基说：“很难跟上每一个门把手、每一条栏杆。那样你会变得有点神经质。”)”可推知，科扎斯基认为科斯特洛的建议有点太过分了。故选A。
5.【2023·福建泉州·泉州五中校考一模】
Technology seems to discourage slow reading. Reading on screens tires eyes easily. So online writing is more skimmable than print. The neuroscientist Mary Walt argued this “new norm” of skim reading is producing “an invisible, dramatic transformation” in how readers process words. And brains now favor rapid absorption of information, rather than skills developed by deeper reading, like critical analysis.
We shouldn’t overplay this danger. All readers skim. Skimming is the skill we acquire as we learn to read more skillfully. And fears about declining attention spans have proved to be false alarms. “Some critics worry about attention span and see very short stories as signs of cultural decline, ” The American author Selvin wrote. “But nobody ever said poems were evidence of short attention spans. ”
Yet the Internet has certainly changed the way we read. First, it means there’s more to read, because more people than ever are writing. And digital writing means rapid release and response. Once published, online articles start forming a comment string underneath. Such mode of writing and reading can be interactive and fun, but is probably lacking in profound reflection.
Perhaps we should slow down. Reading is constantly promoted as a source of personal achievement. But this advocacy emphasizes “enthusiastic” or “eager” reading — neither suggest slow absorption. To a slow reader, a piece of writing can only be fully understood by immersing oneself in their slow comprehension of words. The slow reader is like a swimmer who stops counting the number of pool laps he’s done and just enjoys how his body feels and moves in water.
The human need for this kind of deep reading is too determined for any new technology to destroy. We often assume technological change can’t be stopped, so older media are kicked out by newer, more virtual forms. In practice, older technologies can coexist with new ones. The Kindle hasn’t killed off printed books any more than cars killed off bicycles. We still want to enjoy slowly-formed ideas and carefully-chosen words. Even in a fast-moving age, there is time for slow reading.
17．What is the author’s attitude towards Selvin’s opinion
A．Favorable. B．Critical. C．Doubtful. D．Objective.
18．Which statement would the author probably agree with
A．Advocacy of passionate reading helps promote slow reading.
B．Digital writing and reading tends to ignore careful reflection.
C．We should be aware of the impact skimming has on the brain.
D．The number of Internet readers declines due to technology.
19．Why is “swimmer” mentioned in paragraph 4
A．To demonstrate how to immerse oneself in thought.
B．To stress swimming differs from reading.
C．To show slow reading is better than fast reading.
D．To illustrate what slow reading is like.
20．Which would be the best title for the passage
A．Slow Reading is Here to Stay
B．Technology Prevents Slow Reading
C．Reflections on Deep Reading
D．The Wonder of Deep Reading
【答案】17．A 18．B 19．D 20．A
【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者从各角度就科技对阅读的影响阐述了自己的观点并推崇慢速阅读。
17．推理判断题。由文章第二段“We shouldn’t overplay this danger. All readers skim. Skimming is the skill we acquire as we learn to read more skillfully. And fears about declining attention spans have proved to be false alarms. ‘Some critics worry about attention span and see very short stories as signs of cultural decline,’ The American author Selvin wrote. ‘But nobody ever said poems were evidence of short attention spans. ’(我们不应该夸大这种危险。所有读者都会略读。略读是我们在学习更熟练地阅读时获得的技能。事实证明，对注意力持续时间下降的担忧是虚惊一场。美国作家Selvin写道，‘一些评论家担心注意力持续时间，认为短篇小说是文化衰落的标志，但从来没有人说诗歌是注意力持续时间短的证据’。)”可知，作者是赞成Selvin的观点，诗歌就是注意力持续时间短但文化丰富的深度阅读，所以对阅读注意力持续时间下降的担忧是没有必要的。故选A项。
18．推理判断题。由文章第三段“Once published, online articles start forming a comment string underneath. Such mode of writing and reading can be interactive and fun, but is probably lacking in profound reflection.(一旦发表，在线文章就开始在下面形成一个评论字符串。这种写作和阅读模式可以是互动和有趣的，但可能缺乏深刻的反思。)”可知，作者认为在线写作和阅读往往忽视仔细思考。故选B项。
19．推理判断题。由文章第四段“To a slow reader, a piece of writing can only be fully understood by immersing oneself in their slow comprehension of words. The slow reader is like a swimmer who stops counting the number of pool laps he's done and just enjoys how his body feels and moves in water.(对于一个慢读者来说，只有沉浸在他们对单词的缓慢理解中，才能完全理解一篇文章。阅读速度慢的人就像一个游泳运动员，他不再计算自己在游泳池里跑了多少圈，只是享受自己的身体在水中的感觉和运动。)”可知，一个游泳运动员不再计算自己在游泳池里跑了多少圈，只是享受自己的身体在水中的感觉和运动，作者提到游泳运动员是为了说明慢速阅读是什么样的。故选D项。
20．主旨大意题。由文章最后一段“In practice, older technologies can coexist with new ones. The Kindle hasn't killed off printed books any more than cars killed off bicycles. We still want to enjoy slowly-formed ideas and carefully-chosen words. Even in a fast-moving age, there is time for slow reading.(在实践中，旧技术可以与新技术共存。Kindle并没有像汽车杀死自行车一样杀死印刷书籍。我们仍然想享受慢慢形成的想法和精心挑选的词语。即使在一个快速发展的时代，也有时间慢慢阅读。)”以及上文可知，作者就科技对阅读的影响阐述自己的观点并认为在快速发展的时代中，我们仍然可以享受慢速阅读。所以A项Slow Reading is Here to Stay(慢读还是存在的)符文文意。故选A项。
6.【2023·四川·校联考模拟预测】
The cloning technology has aroused heated discussions among people. Some of them speak highly of the technology by claiming that it offers a way for human beings to conquer their own genetic defects. Others consider it an ogre (食人恶魔) who will destroy us all in the end.
FOR
◆ Cloning is important for women who are single to have a child, using cloning instead of artificial insemination (授精). Cloning could also provide a copy of a child for a couple whose child died.
◆ Another goal of cloning is to produce livestock (家畜) with ideal characters for agriculture and industry and to be able to manufacture biological products such as proteins for humans.
◆ Cloning could be used in various ways to benefit the lives of humans.
◆ It may provide a way for completely sterile individuals to reproduce! It may provide a way for homosexual couples to reproduce themselves, and it will probably provide a valuable basic research and possibly spin off technologies related to reproduction and development.
◆ Cloning would also mean that organs could be cloned, so it would be a source of perfect organs for transplant. This surely would be immensely beneficial to millions of unfortunate people who are expected to lose their lives due to failure of a single organ or more organs.
AGAINST
◆ Cloning would intervene in the normal cycle of life. There would be a large number of identical (相同的) genes, which minimizes (使减少到最低限度) the chances of mutation (变异), and, in turn, evolution—the fundamental reason why living things naturally adapt to the ever-changing environment.
◆ With genetic engineering and human cloning it is possible to use these in the arsenal (兵工厂) of ethnic cleansing (清洗) creating inequality in our society, which would be the beginning of many wars.
◆ Another argument against cloning is that it would be available only to the wealthy and therefore would increase social inequality.
◆ If the technology were to be so, scientists could transfer human genes into animals’ and vice versa, which would heighten the danger of developing zoonoses, diseases that are transmitted from animals to humans. It could create a worldwide catastrophe that no one would be able to stop.
◆ Genetic engineering will cause unseen disasters spiraling our world into chaotic darkness.
◆ Cloning dead loved ones will not bring them back; they may look like them, but they will have a different personality.
21．If a single lady wants a baby but she does not accept artificial insemination, she might ________.
A．think about cloning technology to copy one
B．be against having a child from cloning technology
C．produce livestock with ideal characters
D．speak little of the cloning technology
22．The purpose of the writer writing the passage is to ________.
A．encourage us to support the ideas of FOR
B．advise us to accept the ideas of AGAINST
C．tell us to understand the ideas of FOR and AGAINST correctly
D．introduce us to remember the ideas of FOR and AGAINST
23．What’s the author’s attitude towards cloning
A．Favorable. B．Objective. C．Critical. D．Doubtful.
24．What would be the best title for the passage
A．How many advantages are there B．How many disadvantages are there
C．Which side is wrong D．Which side are you with
【答案】21．A 22．C 23．B 24．D
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了支持和反对克隆技术的不同观点和意见。
21．细节理解题。根据FOR项第一条中的“Cloning is important for women who are single to have a child, using cloning instead of artificial insemination (授精).(克隆技术对单身女性生孩子很重要，用克隆技术代替人工授精)”可知，如果一位单身女性想生孩子但是不接受人工授精，她可以考虑用克隆技术克隆出一个孩子，故选A。
22．推理判断题。根据全文大意，尤其是第一段“The cloning technology has aroused heated discussions among people. Some of them speak highly of the technology by claiming that it offers a way for human beings to conquer their own genetic defects. Others consider it an ogre (食人恶魔) who will destroy us all in the end.(克隆技术引起了人们的热烈讨论。他们中的一些人高度赞扬这项技术，声称它为人类提供了一种克服自身基因缺陷的方法。其他人认为它是食人魔，最终会毁灭我们所有人。)”可知，本文的写作目的就是让大家正确认识人们对克隆技术所持的赞同与反对的观点。故选C。
23．推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者只是列举了对克隆技术的正反两种观点，所以对此持客观态度，故选B。
24．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“The cloning technology has aroused heated discussions among people. Some of them speak highly of the technology by claiming that it offers a way for human beings to conquer their own genetic defects. Others consider it an ogre (食人恶魔) who will destroy us all in the end.(克隆技术引起了人们的热烈讨论。他们中的一些人高度赞扬这项技术，声称它为人类提供了一种克服自身基因缺陷的方法。其他人认为它是食人魔，最终会毁灭我们所有人。)”可知，文章从FOR与AGAINST两个角度陈述了人们对克隆技术持有的不同观点，因此D项“Which side are you with (你赞成哪一边？)”为最佳标题。故选D。
7.【2023··福建省福州第一中学校考三模】
We’ve all been there. It has been a long day, there is nothing in the fridge, cooking seems arduous and the solution is obvious: takeaway. It’s easy for takeaways to become a regular habit. At some point, you have to wonder: even if you don’t look different in the mirror, is it doing you any harm
There is some evidence that too many takeaways is linked to weight gain, but the relationship isn’t clear. A 2022 study found a connection between eating takeaway-style food in the 24 hours before taking the survey and increased BMI in participants, although the researchers were careful to point out that they didn’t know whether frequently eating takeaways made people overweight, or whether overweight people frequently eat takeaways. There is, however, evidence that simply living near(or walking past)a takeaway outlet or two can have an impact on body weight, with exposure to outlets near the workplace, most likely to tempt people.
But why Well, takeaway food tends to be high in fat and salt - ingredients that are relatively cheap and taste good, making you more likely to reorder. There is also some evidence that junk food can be addictive, as the combination of salt, fat and sugar makes it hard to stop eating.
There is also the nutritional quality of the ingredients themselves. “Most takeaways contain highly processed ingredients and additives, nutrient-poor carbohydrates and plenty of deep-fried foods cooked in oil repeatedly heated to high temperatures, says Pearson.
So, what is the message If you must place that order, consider the options:
The worst offenders on any menu are likely to be fried foods, or anything covered in high-sugar sauces. If you order Chinese food, go for steamed dumplings, grilled fish or soup. If you are going for Indian food, go heavy on the side dishes, like bean and potato curries, which are often more flavourful and healthy.
Finally, try to cut your consumption: consider switching your daily routes, hide the menus, and delete the apps on your phone.
25．What does the underlined word ‘arduous’ in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Attractive B．Troublesome
C．Confusing D．Dull
26．What are researchers still unclear about
A．The cause and effect relationship of takeaways and being overweight
B．Whether there is any connection between takeaways and being overweight
C．Which ingredients in takeaway food are the most addictive
D．Whether takeaways near the workplace are more likely to attract people
27．Which takeaway choice would the writer consider least harmful
A．Hamburgers and fries B．Indian main courses
C．Fried noodles D．Steamed dumplings
28．Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A．Takeaways make you fat
B．Are takeaways harmful
C．How to choose the best takeaway
D．How to avoid takeaways
【答案】25．B 26．A 27．D 28．B
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要就外卖是否对人身体有害进行了讨论。
25．词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“It has been a long day, there is nothing in the fridge(这是漫长的一天，冰箱里什么都没有)”可知，冰箱里什么都没有，所以没法烹饪，即烹饪很困难，由此可推知划线单词“arduous”意为“困难的”，与B项“Troublesome(困难的)”意思一样，故选B。
26．细节理解题。根据第二段中“There is some evidence that too many takeaways is linked to weight gain, but the relationship isn’t clear. (有一些证据表明，吃太多的外卖与体重增加有关，但这种关系尚不清楚)”可知，吃太多的外卖与体重增加有关之间的关系尚不清楚，即研究人员对外卖与体重增加的因果关系尚不清楚，故选A。
27．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“The worst offenders on any menu are likely to be fried foods, or anything covered in high-sugar sauces. If you order Chinese food, go for steamed dumplings, grilled fish or soup. If you are going for Indian food, go heavy on the side dishes, like bean and potato curries, which are often more flavourful and healthy.(在任何菜单上危害最大的可能是油炸食品，或任何上面浇着高糖酱汁的食物。如果你点中国菜，可以点蒸饺、烤鱼或者汤。如果你想吃印度菜，那就多吃一些配菜，比如咖喱豆和土豆，它们通常更加美味和健康)”以及结合选项推知，作者认为蒸饺是对人身体产生最小危害的外卖，故选D。
28．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“It’s easy for takeaways to become a regular habit. At some point, you have to wonder: even if you don’t look different in the mirror, is it doing you any harm (外卖很容易成为一种习惯。在某些时候，你不得不怀疑：即使你在镜子里看起来没有什么不同，这对你有什么害处吗？)”可知，文章主要就外卖是否对人身体有害进行了讨论。B项“外卖有害吗？”适合作文章标题，故选B。
8.【2023·河北衡水中学校考模拟预测】
Public health data signals a genuine crisis in adolescent mental health: rising rates of anxiety, depression, and hopelessness. But as we worry about tweens and teens who are struggling, we can’t ignore another mounting effect — the burdens that are shouldered by their friends and peers in an “always on” world.
We have studied teens and tech for over a decade. Their networks are ever-expanding, in no small part because there’s a sense that being nice means accepting fellow requests from acquaintances and friends-of-friends. And it’s not just staying connected — it’s keeping up with what others post, too.
Social media platforms thus make it technically possible to maintain more relationships than we are historically actually wired to track and manage. The result is an overwhelming wave of social information. It’s especially intense for adolescents whose developmental sensitivities drive them to care deeply about what their peers are doing and thinking.
Significant stress comes with trying to be a “good friend” in the age of social media. Friendship requires both public and behind-the-scenes support. Even before a social media post is made public, close friends can be pulled into photo selection, editing, and final examination. Besides, they need to respond in the right way and in the right amount of time, which differs from one relationship to another. Replying too quickly can be seen as over-eager, especially when the friendship is new or not close. But when it’s a close friend, too long a lag (延迟) can be hurtful.
The qualities that are key to building or breaking friendships are actually the same as they’ve always been: mutual (相互的) sharing of joys and sorrows, a give and take of acceptance and support, and an ability to weather and resolve conflicts. But technologies have transformed how friendships play out. Social media increases the burdens that come along with being a good friend. Too often, these dynamics hit teens hard in ways that are lost on adults. And that is what should be changed with the help of parents, schools and other parts of society.
29．What makes teenagers’ networks continue to expand
A．The pressure to be nice. B．The requests of their parents.
C．The need to meet more people. D．The burden of living independently.
30．What does the author think of being a good friend in the age of social media
A．Exciting. B．Challenging. C．Money-saving. D．Risk-taking.
31．What should be changed according to the last paragraph
A．The qualities of being a teen friend.
B．The conflicts between schools and parents.
C．The relations between parents and their teens.
D．The influences of social media on teen friendship.
32．What is the text mainly about
A．Why more teens are addicted to social media
B．How teens nowadays gain long-standing friendships
C．How social media has made teen friendships more stressful
D．What makes teens become more sensitive to their peers’ needs
【答案】29．A 30．B 31．D 32．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是社交媒体是如何让青少年的友谊变得更紧张的。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Their networks are ever-expanding, in no small part because there’s a sense that being nice means accepting fellow requests from acquaintances and friends-of-friends.(他们的社交网络不断扩大，很大程度上是因为他们觉得友善意味着接受来自熟人和朋友的朋友的请求。)”可知，让青少年的社交网络不断扩大的是友善的压力。故选A。
30．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Significant stress comes with trying to be a “good friend” in the age of social media. Friendship requires both public and behind-the-scenes support. Even before a social media post is made public, close friends can be pulled into photo selection, editing, and final examination. Besides, they need to respond in the right way and in the right amount of time, which differs from one relationship to another.(在社交媒体时代，试图成为“好朋友”会带来巨大的压力。友谊需要公开和幕后的支持。甚至在社交媒体帖子被公开之前，亲密的朋友就可以参与照片的选择、编辑和最终检查。此外，他们需要以正确的方式和适当的时间做出回应，这在不同的关系中是不同的。)”可知，在社交媒体时代做一个好朋友是具有挑战性的。故选B。
31．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“But technologies have transformed how friendships play out. Social media increases the burdens that come along with being a good friend. Too often, these dynamics hit teens hard in ways that are lost on adults. And that is what should be changed with the help of parents, schools and other parts of society.(但科技已经改变了友谊的发展方式。社交媒体增加了成为好朋友的负担。通常情况下，这些动态对青少年的影响是成年人所忽视的。在家长、学校和社会其他方面的帮助下，这种情况应该得到改变。)”可知，根据最后一段，应该改变的是社交媒体对青少年友谊的影响。故选D。
32．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“But as we worry about tweens and teens who are struggling, we can’t ignore another mounting effect — the burdens that are shouldered by their friends and peers in an “always on” world.(但是，当我们担心那些正在挣扎的青少年时，我们不能忽视另一个日益增加的影响——在一个“永远在线”的世界里，他们的朋友和同龄人所承担的负担。)”可知，本文主要讲的是社交媒体是如何让青少年的友谊变得更紧张的，故选C。
9.【2023·湖南长沙·长郡中学校考模拟预测】
Ralph Emerson once said that the purpose of life is not to be happy, but to be useful, to be loving, to make some difference in the world. While we appreciate such words of wisdom, we rarely try to follow them in our lives.
Most people prefer to live a good life themselves, ignoring their responsibilities for the world. This narrow perception of a good life may provide short-term benefits, but is sure to lead to long-term harm and suffering. A good life based on comfort and luxury may eventually lead to more pain because we spoil our health and even our character, principles, ideals, and relationships.
What then, is the secret of a good life A good life is a process, not a state of being: a direction, not a destination. We have to earn a good life by first serving others without any expectation in return because their happiness is the very source of our own happiness. More importantly, we must know ourselves inside out. Only when we examine ourselves deeply can we discover our abilities and recognize our limitations, and then work accordingly to create a better world.
The first requirement for a good life is having a loving heart. When we do certain right things merely as a duty, we find our job so tiresome that we’ll soon burn out. However, when we do that same job out of love, we not only enjoy what we do, but also do it with an effortless feeling.
However, love alone is insufficient to lead a good life. Love sometimes blinds us to the reality. Consequently, our good intentions may not lead to good results. To achieve desired outcome, those who want to do good to others also need to equip themselves with accurate world knowledge. False knowledge is more dangerous than ignorance. If love is the engine of a car, knowledge is the steering wheel(方向盘). If the engine lacks power, the car can’t move; if the driver loses control of the steering, a road accident probably occurs. Only with love in heart and the right knowledge in mind can we lead a good life.
With love and knowledge, we go all out to create a better world by doing good to others. When we see the impact of our good work on the world we give meaning to our life and earn lasting joy and happiness.
33．What effect does the narrow perception of a good life have on us
A．Making us simple-minded. B．Making us short-sighted.
C．Leading us onto a busy road. D．Keeping us from comfort and luxury.
34．According to the author, how can one gain true happiness
A．Through maintaining good health.
B．By going through pain and suffering.
C．By recognizing one’s abilities and limitations.
D．Through offering help much needed by others.
35．According to Paragraph 4, doing certain right things with a loving heart makes one ________.
A．less selfish B．less annoying
C．more motivated D．more responsible
36．According to Paragraph 5, life can be made truly good when ________.
A．inspired by love and guided by knowledge
B．directed by love and pushed by knowledge
C．purified by love and enriched by knowledge
D．promoted by love and defined by knowledge
【答案】33．B 34．D 35．C 36．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了什么是美好生活、美好生活的秘诀是什么。
33．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“This narrow perception of a good life may provide short-term benefits, but is sure to lead to long-term harm and suffering. (这种对美好生活的狭隘看法可能会带来短期的好处, 但肯定会导致长期的伤害和痛苦。)”可知, 对美好生活的狭隘看法只能给我们带来短期的好处, 但会让我们目光短浅。故选B 项。
34．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“We have to earn a good life by first serving others without any expectation in return because their happiness is the very source of our own happiness. (我们必须通过首先不求回报地为他人服务来获得美好的生活, 因为他人的幸福是我们自己幸福的源泉。)”可知, 我们能够从帮助他人获得真正的幸福。故选D项。
35．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“However, when we do that same job out of love, we not only enjoy what we do, but also do it with an effortless feeling. (然而, 当我们出于热爱做同样的工作时, 我们不仅享受我们做的事情, 而且也享受那种毫不费力的感觉。)”可知, 带着热爱去做事会让人更加享受做这件事情，由此可推测出，越享受做某件事, 做事越有动力。故选C项。
36．推理判断题。根据文章第五段中的“If love is the engine of a car, knowledge is the steering wheel(方向盘).(如果爱是汽车的发动机，那么知识就是方向盘。)”可知，爱是人做事的动力，知识是人做事的指导。再根据最后一段中的“With love and knowledge, we go all out to create a better world by doing good to others. (带着爱和知识，我们全力以赴，通过对他人做好事来创造一个更美好的世界。)”可推知, 有爱的激励和知识的指导, 生活就会变得更美好。故选A 项。
10.【2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈师大附中校考模拟预测】
Even though people have been disabled playing sports like rugby and football, extreme sports take the whole ordeal (磨难) to the next level. Sports like downhill cycling are very dangerous because one would be going downhill, over rocky or dirt zones, through forests, even at potentially deadly speeds. A slip-up could be your downfall.
Nobody who gets into extreme sports goes with the desire to do harm to themselves. With that, athletes train for years and years before they attempt anything extreme. To most people, extreme sports are extreme simply because they take more skill than what an average person has. An athlete with skill and training makes an extreme thing become a daily routine, which does not wipe out the danger, but greatly reduces it.
Even when there is a lot of skill involved, things might not go the athlete’s way, not at all. Luck and circumstances have a lot to do with how things develop, whether above 8, 000 meters or in a wood, going downhill. In some places, crossing the street is an extreme sport, considering how wild traffic can get.
Some view parkour, the sports of running, jumping and climbing under, around and through buildings, as an extreme sport, while it is more of a life philosophy, where the athlete does not have to do anything remotely dangerous. Free soloing, which means climbing a rock or ice face without safety gear, is absolutely deadly, where one slip means almost certain death, depending on the height, of course. Skateboarding is relatively safe, but if you constantly find ridiculous places to practice on, like the fence of a bridge, then things can get very complicated. The extreme part depends on the athlete.
To summarize, yes, extreme sports are dangerous, but the danger depends on the athlete, their choice of sport, direction in which they take it, as well as the circumstances. Some things are out of our control, while others we can influence through exercise and healthier risk choices.
37．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about regarding extreme sports
A．Extreme sports differ from one another.
B．Skill matters a lot in maintaining safety.
C．Athletes’ luck is a key factor that influences safety.
D．Extreme sports are more dangerous than regular sports.
38．Why are several extreme sports listed in Paragraph 4
A．To explain danger depends on the athlete.
B．To show free soloing is the most dangerous.
C．To compare which one involves the most skill.
D．To demonstrate how to choose an extreme sport.
39．What is the author’s attitude towards the danger of extreme sports
A．Objective. B．Doubtful.
C．Intolerant. D．Unconcerned.
40．Which of the following is the best title of the text
A．Do Extreme Sports Test Your Courage
B．Why Should Extreme Sports Be Banned
C．Are Extreme Sports Really That Dangerous
D．Why Do We Take to Extreme Sports So Much
【答案】37．B 38．A 39．A 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了作者对于极限运动危险性的认识。
37．主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“To most people, extreme sports are extreme simply because they take more skill than what an average person has. An athlete with skill and training makes an extreme thing become a daily routine. That does not wipe out the danger, but it greatly reduces it.(对大多数人来说，极限运动之所以是极限运动，仅仅是因为它们需要比普通人更多的技巧。一个运动员运用技巧和训练是一个极端的事情被提上日程。这并不能完全消除危险，但可以大大减少危险)”可知，第二段主要讨论了在极限运动中，运动员的技巧在保障自身安全的过程中是非常重要的。故选B。
38．推理判断题。根据第四段“Some view parkour, the sports of running, jumping and climbing under, around and through buildings, as an extreme sport, while it is more of a life philosophy, where the athlete does not have to do anything remotely dangerous. Free soloing, which means climbing a rock or ice face without safety gear, is absolutely deadly, where one slip means almost certain death, depending on the height, of course. Skateboarding is relatively safe, but if you constantly find ridiculous places to practice on, like the fence of a bridge, then things can get very complicated. The extreme part depends on the athlete.(一些人把跑酷（跑、跳、爬建筑物下面、周围和穿过建筑物的运动）视为一种极限运动，但它更像是一种生活哲学，运动员不必做任何危险的事情。自由独攀，也就是在没有安全装备的情况下攀爬岩石或冰面，绝对是致命的，一次滑倒几乎就意味着死亡，当然，这取决于高度。滑板相对安全，但如果你经常找一些可笑的地方练习，比如桥的栅栏，那么事情就会变得非常复杂。极限部分取决于运动员)”可推知，在第4段中，列举了几种极限运动来解释危险取决于运动员。故选A。
39．推理判断题。根据最后一段“To summarize, yes, extreme sports are dangerous, but the danger depends on the athlete, their choice of sport, direction in which they take it, as well as the circumstances. Some things are out of our reach of control, while others we can influence through exercise and healthier risk choices.(总之，是的，极限运动是危险的，但危险取决于运动员，他们对运动的选择，他们采取的方向，以及环境。有些事情是我们无法控制的，而有些事情我们可以通过锻炼和更健康的风险选择来影响)”可推知，作者对极限运动的看法是客观的。故选A。
40．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“To summarize, yes, extreme sports are dangerous, but the danger depends on the athlete, their choice of sport, direction in which they take it, as well as the circumstances. Some things are out of our reach of control, while others we can influence through exercise and healthier risk choices.(总之，是的，极限运动是危险的，但危险取决于运动员，他们对运动的选择，他们采取的方向，以及环境。有些事情是我们无法控制的，而有些事情我们可以通过锻炼和更健康的风险选择来影响)”及前文论述可知，作者认为极限运动的危险和很多因素都有关，不能简单地把极限运动和危险等同起来。由此可知，Are Extreme Sports Really That Dangerous (极限运动真的那么危险吗？)适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。阅读理解（议论文+新闻报道）-备战2024年高考英语近两年名校地市联考模拟试题精选汇编（新高考）
阅读理解（议论文+新闻报道）
2023·重庆·西南大学附中模拟测试
2. 2023·江苏南京第一中学校考模拟预测
2023·湖南邵阳·统考三模
2023·湖南郴州·校联考模拟预测
2023·福建泉州·泉州五中校考一模
2023·四川·校联考模拟预测
2023··福建省福州第一中学校考三模
2023·河北衡水中学校考模拟预测
9. 2023·湖南长沙·长郡中学校考模拟预测
10.2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈师大附中校考模拟预测
1.【2023·重庆·西南大学附中模拟测试】
An owl(猫头鹰) named Flaco escaped New York’s Central Park Zoo last week after his cage was broken. This set off a bird- hunt of police officers and park rangers( 护林员). Zoo officials worried that Flaco, who had been kept in his zoo cage for 13 years, may have lost the survival abilities he needed in the wild. They placed some of his favorite treats in the open air to attempt to trap him.
Flaco was not fooled. Instead, he was sighted flying over 5th Avenue, and Central Park’s skating rink. A number of New Yorkers stamped into Central Park to try to catch a glimpse of Flaco, taking photos with excitement.
But this week, zoo officials announced they accepted that Flaco remained in Central Park because he had been seen bringing up bones and fur from the park’s abundant community of rats. “He has been very successful at hunting and consuming the abundant rats in the park.” zoo officials told the New York Post. “And that’s amazing. He’s hunting on his own. He’s flying better. Flaco really seems to be enjoying himself out there.”
There is a caution attached to this story of an owl who is making it on his own in the city that never sleeps. Owls are nocturnal. They go around searching for food at night. They sleep during the day, or try to, like lots of people who work the overnight shift. Yet some New Yorkers who don’t know proper bird-watching behavior reportedly see Flaco sleep in a tree during the day, and begin to shout at him. It interrupts his sleep. Flaco can’t try to say “shh, shh” with the traditional New York reply. After all, a bird can’t give someone the bird.
1．Why were zoo officials concerned about Flaco’s ability to survive
A．Because his favourite food was too little.
B．Because he might be attacked by police.
C．Because his cage was severely damaged.
D．Because he was kept in his cage for long.
2．What can we infer about Flaco from the third paragraph
A．He has adapted to the wild. B．He has found his previous home.
C．He still faces great challenges. D．He dislikes the rats in the park.
3．What does the underlined word “nocturnal” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Scary-looking. B．Shy and quiet.
C．Active at night. D．Badly-behaved.
4．Which word best describes the author’s attitude to the interruption to Flaco’s sleep
A．Cautious. B．Favorable. C．Ambiguous. D．Disapproving.
2.（2023·江苏南京第一中学校考模拟预测）
Tesla’s self-driving cars have recently come under investigation as a report on crashes raises questions about their safety. Despite Tesla CEO Elon Musk’s claim that their Autopilot capability makes their cars “unequivocally (毫不含糊地) safer,” data suggests otherwise.
According to The Washington Post, the number of deaths and serious injuries associated with Tesla’s driver-assistance technology is higher than previously reported. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) recorded 736 crashes since 2019, with at least17 of them being fatal. These figures include crashes involving both Autopilot, which allows cars to drive on highways without human intervention, and the newer Full Self-Driving feature, which extends automation to city streets. However, these statistics can’t record incidents that were avoided due to the cars’ safety features. Additionally, when compared to the total number of car crashes that occurred last year, the number of crashes involving driver-assistance vehicles appears relatively small, but actually it’s not.
Tesla’s safety claims lack context as Autopilot is primarily designed for highways, while most accidents occur in more complex environments with cross-traffic, pedestrians, and cyclists. Moreover, Tesla’s customer base consists mainly of wealthier individuals who live in communities with lower accident rates.
Concerns are raised by Tesla’s request to the NHTSA not to reveal whether Autopilot or Full Self-Driving was in use during fatal crashes. This lack of transparency (透明) prevents a comprehensive analysis of the incidents and raises questions about responsibility.
Safety exaggerations (夸大) combined with Tesla’s aggressive marketing have led to accidents caused by drivers relying too heavily on the system. Full Self-Driving does not allow the car to fully drive itself, and drivers are expected to remain attentive and ready to intervene at all times. However, Tesla’s messaging may mislead some users into believing otherwise.
While a driverless future has the potential to be safer, it is crucial not to convince the public that underdeveloped capabilities are ready for widespread use. Tesla should address past problems, ensure their automation set can detect emergency vehicles, and be transparent with the public about the limitations of their technology. Rushing the implementation of such technology without addressing its limitations could lead to serious consequences on the road.
5．What can we learn about Tesla’s driver-assistance-related crashes from paragraph 2
A．736 fatal cases of self-driving are recorded.
B．NHTSA focused on the crashes on highways.
C．The total number of car crashes is extremely small.
D．The incidents avoided are not counted in the crash statistics.
6．What can be inferred about Tesla’s safety claims
A．They are supported by comprehensive data.
B．They are based on limited driving environment.
C．They are restricted to the experiences of satisfied customers.
D．They have been proven to be accurate and reliable by NHTSA．
7．What can we know about Full Self-Driving
A．It is ill-received. B．It is well-developed.
C．It needs the driver to stay focused. D．It reduces the accidents greatly.
8．Which title best summarizes the content of this text
A．Concerns and Questions Surrounding Tesla’s “Self-Driving” Cars
B．Tesla’s Self-Driving Cars: The Safest Option of Driving on the Road
C．The Future of Self-Driving Cars: A Closer Look at Tesla’s Technology
D．Reconstruction and Revolution of Tesla’s Autopilot and Full Self-Driving
3.【2023·湖南邵阳·统考三模】
More families than ever are taking “adventures”—long term trips where children learn on the road. Worldschooling (游学世界), adventuring, life-learning, whatever you call it, more parents are doing it.
Take Jo and Jamie Robins, who are into a four-month South America trip with their daughters. “We want to take some time to step back from life, the treadmill (枯燥无味的工作) of working hard to pay a mortgage (按揭贷款), not having enough time for family or to follow our interests , says Jo.
David and Debs Hurst’s three-month mission to visit their Facebook friends with their sons turned into a campervan(房车) trip across 13 countries. “To our minds, they are learning in a more interesting way,” says David.
Martina and Julian Tyrrell sold their house in Cambridge to sail off into the sunset on a yacht(游艇) with their daughters. Nearly two years on, they are now based by the Guadiana River on the border of Spain and Portugal while the girls go to a Spanish school and are wondering where the wind might take them next. “When people asked us how long we would be away, I jokingly said between six months and 60 years. The kids love the life and I’m not that concerned about school because we always said we would homeschool them. If they get to a point where they want to go to school, I won’t stand in their way,” says Martina.
The Department of Education takes a poor view of any time away from school. “Children must receive a suitable education. Even missing a week of school affects children’s attainment,” said a spokeswoman.
Most round-the-world family blogs praise the experience as life-changing in the best way possible. Lara Pennington-Ellis, a British single mum based in Barcelona who set off on a round-the-world trip with her eight-year-old son, is one exception. I’m loving our intense time together but I’m also missing my personal freedom and adult conversation. “Worldschooling sounds easygoing but it’s actually the hardest hour of the day, to work hard and do maths /Spanish /English /handwriting homework.” she says in one post.
9．Why did Jo go adventuring
A．To find inspiration for her work. B．To enjoy life with her family.
C．To meet her online friends. D．To learn Spanish.
10．What do Martina’s words show
A．She is concerned about school education.
B．She has difficulty teaching her kids at home.
C．She will allow her kids to decide when to attend school.
D．She will spend less than three months on a trip.
11．What is the spokeswoman’s attitude towards adventures
A．Reserved. B．Supportive. C．Uncaring. D．Critical.
12．What is a disadvantage of adventure for parents according to Lara
A．They fail to find useful guidance from professionals. B．They have much less time for themselves.
C．They are short of teaching materials. D．They can hardly afford it.
4.（2023·湖南郴州·校联考模拟预测）
It’s unlikely that you come home from a trip and stand on top of your bed still wearing your street shoes. For some travellers, putting their suitcase on their bed is just as disgusting (令人反感的). The wheels of our luggage paced the same soiled path as our shoes, rolling through airport bathrooms, sidewalks and public transportation.
While it might sound terrible to put a worldly bag on your bed, is it actually harmful to your health According to Phyllis Kozarsky, an expert travel health consultant, most public health professionals don’t consider luggage a major transmitter (传播者) of disease.
“We have not identified outbreaks related to dirty luggage,” Kozarsky says. Travellers may benefit from cleaning their luggage if they suspect that their hotel rooms are overrun with bedbugs. “Then they certainly would benefit by cleaning it after they returned home,” Kozarsky says.
Even if your luggage touching your bed won’t hurt you, you might still be disgusted. After all, travel is an experience full of bacteria. “You have people... carrying all types of different bacteria. Some of them are sick, and you now have them populating these public travel places,” says Colleen Costello, CEO of Vital Vio, a company that makes antibacterial LED lights. Your fellow travellers have to touch all the same things you have to touch, from the TSA checkpoint to the airplane, the train ticketing machine to the handrail in your train car.
For peace of mind, Costello recommends giving your bag a quick disinfection or storing it on a luggage shelf. Of course, you could go beyond disinfecting your luggage wheels and clean thoroughly the rest of your travel experience — the airplane tray table, hotel room door and remote control.
But Kozarsky doesn’t guarantee that lifestyle. “It’s hard to keep up with every doorhandle, every railing,” Kozarsky says. “You can become a little neurotic (神经质的) that way.”
13．What’s the function of the first paragraph
A．To predict the conclusion. B．To present the argument.
C．To introduce the topic. D．To describe the phenomenon.
14．What does Kozarsky convey by explaining the luggage-cleaning case
A．Luggage touching your bed won’t hurt you. B．Luggage spreads disease through your bed.
C．It’s a must to clean your luggage after travelling. D．Travellers should be careful of on-way dangers.
15．How does Costello support his opinion
A．By giving examples. B．By stating facts.
C．By making comparisons. D．By listing figures.
16．What does Kozarsky think of Costello’s suggestion
A．It has gone too far. B．It’s absolutely worthless.
C．It sounds somewhat reasonable. D．It’s worth taking into consideration.
5.【2023·福建泉州·泉州五中校考一模】
Technology seems to discourage slow reading. Reading on screens tires eyes easily. So online writing is more skimmable than print. The neuroscientist Mary Walt argued this “new norm” of skim reading is producing “an invisible, dramatic transformation” in how readers process words. And brains now favor rapid absorption of information, rather than skills developed by deeper reading, like critical analysis.
We shouldn’t overplay this danger. All readers skim. Skimming is the skill we acquire as we learn to read more skillfully. And fears about declining attention spans have proved to be false alarms. “Some critics worry about attention span and see very short stories as signs of cultural decline, ” The American author Selvin wrote. “But nobody ever said poems were evidence of short attention spans. ”
Yet the Internet has certainly changed the way we read. First, it means there’s more to read, because more people than ever are writing. And digital writing means rapid release and response. Once published, online articles start forming a comment string underneath. Such mode of writing and reading can be interactive and fun, but is probably lacking in profound reflection.
Perhaps we should slow down. Reading is constantly promoted as a source of personal achievement. But this advocacy emphasizes “enthusiastic” or “eager” reading — neither suggest slow absorption. To a slow reader, a piece of writing can only be fully understood by immersing oneself in their slow comprehension of words. The slow reader is like a swimmer who stops counting the number of pool laps he’s done and just enjoys how his body feels and moves in water.
The human need for this kind of deep reading is too determined for any new technology to destroy. We often assume technological change can’t be stopped, so older media are kicked out by newer, more virtual forms. In practice, older technologies can coexist with new ones. The Kindle hasn’t killed off printed books any more than cars killed off bicycles. We still want to enjoy slowly-formed ideas and carefully-chosen words. Even in a fast-moving age, there is time for slow reading.
17．What is the author’s attitude towards Selvin’s opinion
A．Favorable. B．Critical. C．Doubtful. D．Objective.
18．Which statement would the author probably agree with
A．Advocacy of passionate reading helps promote slow reading.
B．Digital writing and reading tends to ignore careful reflection.
C．We should be aware of the impact skimming has on the brain.
D．The number of Internet readers declines due to technology.
19．Why is “swimmer” mentioned in paragraph 4
A．To demonstrate how to immerse oneself in thought.
B．To stress swimming differs from reading.
C．To show slow reading is better than fast reading.
D．To illustrate what slow reading is like.
20．Which would be the best title for the passage
A．Slow Reading is Here to Stay
B．Technology Prevents Slow Reading
C．Reflections on Deep Reading
D．The Wonder of Deep Reading
6.【2023·四川·校联考模拟预测】
The cloning technology has aroused heated discussions among people. Some of them speak highly of the technology by claiming that it offers a way for human beings to conquer their own genetic defects. Others consider it an ogre (食人恶魔) who will destroy us all in the end.
FOR
◆ Cloning is important for women who are single to have a child, using cloning instead of artificial insemination (授精). Cloning could also provide a copy of a child for a couple whose child died.
◆ Another goal of cloning is to produce livestock (家畜) with ideal characters for agriculture and industry and to be able to manufacture biological products such as proteins for humans.
◆ Cloning could be used in various ways to benefit the lives of humans.
◆ It may provide a way for completely sterile individuals to reproduce! It may provide a way for homosexual couples to reproduce themselves, and it will probably provide a valuable basic research and possibly spin off technologies related to reproduction and development.
◆ Cloning would also mean that organs could be cloned, so it would be a source of perfect organs for transplant. This surely would be immensely beneficial to millions of unfortunate people who are expected to lose their lives due to failure of a single organ or more organs.
AGAINST
◆ Cloning would intervene in the normal cycle of life. There would be a large number of identical (相同的) genes, which minimizes (使减少到最低限度) the chances of mutation (变异), and, in turn, evolution—the fundamental reason why living things naturally adapt to the ever-changing environment.
◆ With genetic engineering and human cloning it is possible to use these in the arsenal (兵工厂) of ethnic cleansing (清洗) creating inequality in our society, which would be the beginning of many wars.
◆ Another argument against cloning is that it would be available only to the wealthy and therefore would increase social inequality.
◆ If the technology were to be so, scientists could transfer human genes into animals’ and vice versa, which would heighten the danger of developing zoonoses, diseases that are transmitted from animals to humans. It could create a worldwide catastrophe that no one would be able to stop.
◆ Genetic engineering will cause unseen disasters spiraling our world into chaotic darkness.
◆ Cloning dead loved ones will not bring them back; they may look like them, but they will have a different personality.
21．If a single lady wants a baby but she does not accept artificial insemination, she might ________.
A．think about cloning technology to copy one
B．be against having a child from cloning technology
C．produce livestock with ideal characters
D．speak little of the cloning technology
22．The purpose of the writer writing the passage is to ________.
A．encourage us to support the ideas of FOR
B．advise us to accept the ideas of AGAINST
C．tell us to understand the ideas of FOR and AGAINST correctly
D．introduce us to remember the ideas of FOR and AGAINST
23．What’s the author’s attitude towards cloning
A．Favorable. B．Objective. C．Critical. D．Doubtful.
24．What would be the best title for the passage
A．How many advantages are there B．How many disadvantages are there
C．Which side is wrong D．Which side are you with
7.【2023··福建省福州第一中学校考三模】
We’ve all been there. It has been a long day, there is nothing in the fridge, cooking seems arduous and the solution is obvious: takeaway. It’s easy for takeaways to become a regular habit. At some point, you have to wonder: even if you don’t look different in the mirror, is it doing you any harm
There is some evidence that too many takeaways is linked to weight gain, but the relationship isn’t clear. A 2022 study found a connection between eating takeaway-style food in the 24 hours before taking the survey and increased BMI in participants, although the researchers were careful to point out that they didn’t know whether frequently eating takeaways made people overweight, or whether overweight people frequently eat takeaways. There is, however, evidence that simply living near(or walking past)a takeaway outlet or two can have an impact on body weight, with exposure to outlets near the workplace, most likely to tempt people.
But why Well, takeaway food tends to be high in fat and salt - ingredients that are relatively cheap and taste good, making you more likely to reorder. There is also some evidence that junk food can be addictive, as the combination of salt, fat and sugar makes it hard to stop eating.
There is also the nutritional quality of the ingredients themselves. “Most takeaways contain highly processed ingredients and additives, nutrient-poor carbohydrates and plenty of deep-fried foods cooked in oil repeatedly heated to high temperatures, says Pearson.
So, what is the message If you must place that order, consider the options:
The worst offenders on any menu are likely to be fried foods, or anything covered in high-sugar sauces. If you order Chinese food, go for steamed dumplings, grilled fish or soup. If you are going for Indian food, go heavy on the side dishes, like bean and potato curries, which are often more flavourful and healthy.
Finally, try to cut your consumption: consider switching your daily routes, hide the menus, and delete the apps on your phone.
25．What does the underlined word ‘arduous’ in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Attractive B．Troublesome
C．Confusing D．Dull
26．What are researchers still unclear about
A．The cause and effect relationship of takeaways and being overweight
B．Whether there is any connection between takeaways and being overweight
C．Which ingredients in takeaway food are the most addictive
D．Whether takeaways near the workplace are more likely to attract people
27．Which takeaway choice would the writer consider least harmful
A．Hamburgers and fries B．Indian main courses
C．Fried noodles D．Steamed dumplings
28．Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A．Takeaways make you fat
B．Are takeaways harmful
C．How to choose the best takeaway
D．How to avoid takeaways
8.【2023·河北衡水中学校考模拟预测】
Public health data signals a genuine crisis in adolescent mental health: rising rates of anxiety, depression, and hopelessness. But as we worry about tweens and teens who are struggling, we can’t ignore another mounting effect — the burdens that are shouldered by their friends and peers in an “always on” world.
We have studied teens and tech for over a decade. Their networks are ever-expanding, in no small part because there’s a sense that being nice means accepting fellow requests from acquaintances and friends-of-friends. And it’s not just staying connected — it’s keeping up with what others post, too.
Social media platforms thus make it technically possible to maintain more relationships than we are historically actually wired to track and manage. The result is an overwhelming wave of social information. It’s especially intense for adolescents whose developmental sensitivities drive them to care deeply about what their peers are doing and thinking.
Significant stress comes with trying to be a “good friend” in the age of social media. Friendship requires both public and behind-the-scenes support. Even before a social media post is made public, close friends can be pulled into photo selection, editing, and final examination. Besides, they need to respond in the right way and in the right amount of time, which differs from one relationship to another. Replying too quickly can be seen as over-eager, especially when the friendship is new or not close. But when it’s a close friend, too long a lag (延迟) can be hurtful.
The qualities that are key to building or breaking friendships are actually the same as they’ve always been: mutual (相互的) sharing of joys and sorrows, a give and take of acceptance and support, and an ability to weather and resolve conflicts. But technologies have transformed how friendships play out. Social media increases the burdens that come along with being a good friend. Too often, these dynamics hit teens hard in ways that are lost on adults. And that is what should be changed with the help of parents, schools and other parts of society.
29．What makes teenagers’ networks continue to expand
A．The pressure to be nice. B．The requests of their parents.
C．The need to meet more people. D．The burden of living independently.
30．What does the author think of being a good friend in the age of social media
A．Exciting. B．Challenging. C．Money-saving. D．Risk-taking.
31．What should be changed according to the last paragraph
A．The qualities of being a teen friend.
B．The conflicts between schools and parents.
C．The relations between parents and their teens.
D．The influences of social media on teen friendship.
32．What is the text mainly about
A．Why more teens are addicted to social media
B．How teens nowadays gain long-standing friendships
C．How social media has made teen friendships more stressful
D．What makes teens become more sensitive to their peers’ needs
9.【2023·湖南长沙·长郡中学校考模拟预测】
Ralph Emerson once said that the purpose of life is not to be happy, but to be useful, to be loving, to make some difference in the world. While we appreciate such words of wisdom, we rarely try to follow them in our lives.
Most people prefer to live a good life themselves, ignoring their responsibilities for the world. This narrow perception of a good life may provide short-term benefits, but is sure to lead to long-term harm and suffering. A good life based on comfort and luxury may eventually lead to more pain because we spoil our health and even our character, principles, ideals, and relationships.
What then, is the secret of a good life A good life is a process, not a state of being: a direction, not a destination. We have to earn a good life by first serving others without any expectation in return because their happiness is the very source of our own happiness. More importantly, we must know ourselves inside out. Only when we examine ourselves deeply can we discover our abilities and recognize our limitations, and then work accordingly to create a better world.
The first requirement for a good life is having a loving heart. When we do certain right things merely as a duty, we find our job so tiresome that we’ll soon burn out. However, when we do that same job out of love, we not only enjoy what we do, but also do it with an effortless feeling.
However, love alone is insufficient to lead a good life. Love sometimes blinds us to the reality. Consequently, our good intentions may not lead to good results. To achieve desired outcome, those who want to do good to others also need to equip themselves with accurate world knowledge. False knowledge is more dangerous than ignorance. If love is the engine of a car, knowledge is the steering wheel(方向盘). If the engine lacks power, the car can’t move; if the driver loses control of the steering, a road accident probably occurs. Only with love in heart and the right knowledge in mind can we lead a good life.
With love and knowledge, we go all out to create a better world by doing good to others. When we see the impact of our good work on the world we give meaning to our life and earn lasting joy and happiness.
33．What effect does the narrow perception of a good life have on us
A．Making us simple-minded. B．Making us short-sighted.
C．Leading us onto a busy road. D．Keeping us from comfort and luxury.
34．According to the author, how can one gain true happiness
A．Through maintaining good health.
B．By going through pain and suffering.
C．By recognizing one’s abilities and limitations.
D．Through offering help much needed by others.
35．According to Paragraph 4, doing certain right things with a loving heart makes one ________.
A．less selfish B．less annoying
C．more motivated D．more responsible
36．According to Paragraph 5, life can be made truly good when ________.
A．inspired by love and guided by knowledge
B．directed by love and pushed by knowledge
C．purified by love and enriched by knowledge
D．promoted by love and defined by knowledge
10.【2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈师大附中校考模拟预测】
Even though people have been disabled playing sports like rugby and football, extreme sports take the whole ordeal (磨难) to the next level. Sports like downhill cycling are very dangerous because one would be going downhill, over rocky or dirt zones, through forests, even at potentially deadly speeds. A slip-up could be your downfall.
Nobody who gets into extreme sports goes with the desire to do harm to themselves. With that, athletes train for years and years before they attempt anything extreme. To most people, extreme sports are extreme simply because they take more skill than what an average person has. An athlete with skill and training makes an extreme thing become a daily routine, which does not wipe out the danger, but greatly reduces it.
Even when there is a lot of skill involved, things might not go the athlete’s way, not at all. Luck and circumstances have a lot to do with how things develop, whether above 8, 000 meters or in a wood, going downhill. In some places, crossing the street is an extreme sport, considering how wild traffic can get.
Some view parkour, the sports of running, jumping and climbing under, around and through buildings, as an extreme sport, while it is more of a life philosophy, where the athlete does not have to do anything remotely dangerous. Free soloing, which means climbing a rock or ice face without safety gear, is absolutely deadly, where one slip means almost certain death, depending on the height, of course. Skateboarding is relatively safe, but if you constantly find ridiculous places to practice on, like the fence of a bridge, then things can get very complicated. The extreme part depends on the athlete.
To summarize, yes, extreme sports are dangerous, but the danger depends on the athlete, their choice of sport, direction in which they take it, as well as the circumstances. Some things are out of our control, while others we can influence through exercise and healthier risk choices.
37．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about regarding extreme sports
A．Extreme sports differ from one another.
B．Skill matters a lot in maintaining safety.
C．Athletes’ luck is a key factor that influences safety.
D．Extreme sports are more dangerous than regular sports.
38．Why are several extreme sports listed in Paragraph 4
A．To explain danger depends on the athlete.
B．To show free soloing is the most dangerous.
C．To compare which one involves the most skill.
D．To demonstrate how to choose an extreme sport.
39．What is the author’s attitude towards the danger of extreme sports
A．Objective. B．Doubtful.
C．Intolerant. D．Unconcerned.
40．Which of the following is the best title of the text
A．Do Extreme Sports Test Your Courage
B．Why Should Extreme Sports Be Banned
C．Are Extreme Sports Really That Dangerous
D．Why Do We Take to Extreme Sports So Much
