Unit 1 Friends grammar学案 牛津译林版英语八年级上册（含答案）

Grammar
知识清单
●重点词汇
1. worse adj.(bad 的比较级)更差,更糟,更坏 2. worst adj. (bad 的最高级)最差,最糟,最坏
3. height n. 高,高度 4. weight n. 重量
5. competition n. 竞赛,比赛;竞争 6. test n. 测试,考查
●重点短语
1. more interesting than ... 比……更有趣 2. the most expensive computer 最贵的电脑
3. in height 在高度方面 4. in weight 在重量方面
5. in the drawing competition 在绘画比赛中 6. among the six students 在这六个学生中
●重点句子
My book is more interesting than his. 我的书比他的更有趣。
This is the most expensive computer in the shop. 这是这家商店里最贵的一台电脑。
教材导学
1. Comparative and superlative adjectives 形容词的比较级和最高级
[指点迷津] 大多数形容词有三个级别：原级、比较级和最高级。原级即原形，用于不和其他人或事物作比较时。比较级表示“更……”，用于两者之间的比较，常用于说明“前者比后者更……”。当比较的人或事物为三者或三者以上时，要用最高级，表示“最……”。形容词最高级前一般要有定冠词 the。形容词比较级和最高级的变化规则如下：
单音节形容词一般在词尾直接加-er或-est。例如:tall→taller→tallest, fast→faster→fastest
以-e结尾的单音节形容词在词尾直接加-r或-st。例如:large→larger→largest, nice→nicer→nicest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词,变y 为 i,再加-er或-est。例如: busy→busier→busiest, early→ earlier→earliest
形容词比较级的句型通常用“比较级+ than +比较对象”来表示。
My room is smaller than yours. 我的房间比你的小。
三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级表示，结构为“the +最高级+比较范围”。
She is the best player in the team. 她是队里最优秀的运动员。
[小试身手]单项选择
( )(1) Beijing is one of in the world.
A. the most beautiful countries B. the most beautiful cities
C. the very beautiful countries D. the very beautiful cities
( )(2) Who is , John or Jack
A. old B. older C. oldest D. the oldest
( )(3) Kate’s storybook is of all.
A. interesting B. the most interesting
C. the more interesting D. most interesting
2. worse 更差,更糟,更坏
[指点迷津] worse 是形容词 bad 或ill的比较级形式，意为“更差，更糟，更坏”，用于二者之间进行比较。 I feel worse when I meet the difficult maths problem.
当我遇到难的数学题时，我感觉更糟糕。(这里 worse 是 bad 的比较级)
After working for ten hours a day, my mother was worse than yesterday and had to stay in hospital.
我妈妈一天工作十个小时后身体比昨天更差了，不得不住院。(这里 worse 是 ill的比较级)
[拓展]
(1) worse 还可用作副词,意为“更坏地,更糟地”。
He did worse this time. 这次他做得更差。 (这里 worse 是 badly 的比较级)
(2) worst 是 bad/ill/badly 的最高级,意为“最差,最糟,最坏”。
John's grade is the worst of all the students'.
在所有学生的成绩中，约翰的最差。(这里 worst 是 bad 的最高级)
[小试身手]单项选择
( )—— How was your trip to the park
—— It couldn’t be . We lost our way and it kept raining.
A. nicer B. worse C. worst D. good
3. height 高,高度
[指点迷津] height 用作名词，意为“高，高度”，指人或物的具体的高度。
What's your height, my cousin 表哥,你身高多少
[拓展] 常用短语 the height of 表示“……的高度”。
The students want to know the height of the Statue of Liberty in America.
学生们想知道美国自由女神像的高度。
[小试身手] 单项选择
( )—— What's the ofthe building
—— It's 236 metres .
A. high; high B. height; height
C. high; height D. height; high
4. weight 重量
[指点迷津] weight 用作名词,意为“重量”。
What's your weight = How much do you weigh 你重多少
—— What'the weight of the wooden box 那个木箱子的重量是多少
—— Fifty kilos. 五十千克。
[拓展] 与 weight 有关的短语:put on weight 发胖,增肥;lose weight 减肥。
[小试身手]单项选择
( )—— Does Mary only have an apple for breakfast
——Yes. She eats like a bird .
A. to wake up B. to be strong C. to lose weight D. to fall asleep
反馈训练
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. David is . Daniel is th an David. Mike is of the three.(thin)
2. —— Who is (strong), Tom or Jim
—Jim.
3. Which is (close) to the earth, the sun or the moon
4. —— How are you today
5. I think your bag is (small) than mine.
二、从方框中选择合适的单词并用其适当形式填空
many expensive beautiful fast sad
1. Millie is girl in my class.
2. What makes you so today
3. This pen is th an that one.
4. Who is swimmer in your class
5. I have books than you.
三、单项选择
( )1. The sun is th an the earth.
A. big B. very big C. bigger D. the biggest
( )2. It is one of books this year.
A. popularer B. more popular C. popularest D. the most popular
( )3. — How are you feeling today, boy
——I'm feeling much , thanks.
A. good B. well C. better D. best
( )4. Come here at Christmas! You can buy clothes in a year.
A. the cheapest B. cheaper C. the worst D. worse
( )5. ——Tom, are you boy in your class
——No, but John is. I'm shorter than him.
A. the tallest B. the shortest C. the youngest D. the oldest
答案
[教材导学]
1. (1) B (2) B (3) B 2. B 3. D 4. C[反馈训练]
一、1. thin; thinner; the thinnest 2. stronger 3. closer 4. worse 5. smaller
二、 1. the most beautiful 2. sad 3. more expensive 4. the fastest 5. more
三、1~5. CDCAA