Unit 5 Wild animals分层精讲精练【词汇专项】（含答案）

牛津译林版八年级上册Unit5分层精讲精练
【词汇专项】
（一）词汇考点精讲
Part1 词形转换梳理
1.die v.死亡 →death n. 死，死亡→dead adj. 死的 → dying adj. 将死的
2.mean v.意味着；打算→（过去式）meant → meaning n.意义；意思 →
meaningful adj.有意义的 →meaningless adj.无意义的
3.begin v.开始→beginning n.开始；开端→（过去式）began → beginner n.初学者
4.sad adj. 伤心的 → (比较级）sadder →（最高级）saddest→ sadness n.悲伤→sadly adv. 伤心地
5.serious adj.严重的；认真的→ seriously adv. 严肃地；认真地
6.main adj.主要的→ mainly adv. 主要地
7. danger n.危险→endangered adj. 濒危的 →dangerous adj. 危险的→（反义词）safe adj.安全的
8.act v.表演；行动→actor n.男演员 → actress n.女演员→ action n.行动→ active adj. 积极的 → activity n.活动
9.close v.关闭 → closed adj.关闭的→ (反义词）open adj.开着的；v.打开
adj.近的→ (反义词）far adj.远的
10.thick adj.厚的；浓的 → (反义词）thin adj. 薄的；淡淡的
11.live v.居住；adj.活的；现场直播的 → living n.生存；生计/adj.活着的→ alive adj.活着的→ lively 活泼的；生动有趣的
12.sell v. 卖→ (过去式）sold → sale n.出售
13.ill adj.生病的→illness n.疾病
14.report n.报告/v. 报道 → reporter n.记者
15.move v.移动；搬家；感动→moving 令人感动的；感人的 （修饰物）→moved 感动的（修饰人）→movement n.移动
16.slow adj.慢的→ slowly adv. 慢地
17.free adj. 自由的；免费的/v.释放→ freedom n.自由
18.hunt v.打猎；猎取→ hunting n.打猎 →hunter n.猎人
19.protect v.保护→protection n. 保护
20. paint v.画；涂色→painting n.绘画作品→painter n.画家；油漆匠
21.feel v.感觉→ feeling n.感觉；感触
22.happy adj.开心的;幸福的→happiness n.幸福；开心→unhappy adj.不开心的→unhappiness n.不幸
23.invite v.邀请→invitation n.邀请
24.kind adj.善良的/n.种类→kindly adv.善良地→kindness n.善良；仁慈
25.bear n.熊/ v.容忍；（生育）孩子→ （过去式）bore或beared→ （过去分词）borne/beared/born 【born 可以单独做形容词“天生的”“出生的”】
Part2 构词法梳理
①v.＋-ing
end→ending 结尾；结局
mean→meaning 意义
build→building 建筑物
begin→beginning 开始
meet→meeting 会议
shop→shopping 购物(特殊)
swim→swimming 游泳(特殊)
train→training 训练；培养
say→saying 谚语
feel→feeling 感觉；感受
cross→crossing 十字路口
park→parking 停车
② adj.＋-ness
happy→happiness 幸福
ill→illness 疾病
kind→kindness 仁慈
lonely→loneliness 寂寞
sad→sadness 悲哀
③ v.＋ion/tion
act→action 行动
collect→collection 收集
communicate→communication 交流
direct→direction 方向
operate→operation 操作；手术
introduce→introduction 介绍
invent→invention 发明；发明物
invite→invitation 邀请；请柬
pollute→pollution 污染
protect→protection 保护
suggest→suggestion 建议
compete→competition 竞争；比赛
Part3 易混词汇辨析
1.accept&receive
①accept强调主观接受，同意 I don’t accept your advice. 我不接受你的建议。
②receive强调客观的收到
receive a letter (from sb.) 收到某人的来信
This morning I received a present but I didn’t accept it.
今天早晨我收到了一个礼物，但是我没有接受。
2.“不再”的几种表达方式
词语 同义词 用法
no longer not… any longer 强调时间或动作“不再延续” , 与延续性动词连用
no more not … any more 强调数量和程度“不再增加” , 与非延续性动词连用
3.both/all/either/neither/none 区分
☆both (两者)都
Both of my parents are teachers. 我的父母都是老师。
☆all (三者或三者以上)都 All of us are here. 我们都在这。
☆either 两者之一 Take either of the books.随便拿哪本书都可以。（二选一）
Either is OK.
☆neither （两者）都不 Neither of my parents is a teacher. 我的父母都不是老师。
☆none （三者或三者以上）都不
None of the students in the classroom got a book. 教室里的学生都没有书。
口诀：th 两者，n表否
4.close&closed区分
☆close
①v .关闭→（反义词） open v.打开
②adj.密切的；近的 be close to … 离…近 a close friend 一个亲密的朋友
③adv. 接近地 靠近地 Today I come close to be late.
☆closed
①close 对应的过去式,过去分词 He closed the door and went out. 他关上门，出去了。
②adj.关闭的 （反义词） open adj.打开的 Keep your eyes closed. 保持双眼紧闭。
5.reason&excuse区分
①reason n.理由 v.推理 What is the reason？ 是什么原因？
②excuse n.借口 v.原谅 What is your excuse this time 你这次有什么借口？
词汇考点精练
一、单项选择
1．Can you give me some ________ on how to improve my Chinese writing
A．danger B．trouble C．medicine D．advice
2．________ of my classmates watched the game last Saturday. We all went to the museum.
A．Some B．Most C．None D．No one
3．I’ve watched the game from ________ to end.
A．finishing B．beginning C．leaving D.begin
4．I often play telephone on the high-speed train to _______ the time.
A．save B．waste C．pass D．take
5．Dad is ________. So I went to the cinema with my friends.
A．busy B．free C．quiet D．smart
6．Let’s play a game. Please keep our eyes ________.
A．close B．closing C．to close D．closed
7．How did you make your parents _________
A．happy B．happily C．happiness D．sadly
8．—Can you tell me when we will know the ________ of the exam
—Maybe tomorrow.
A．end B．result C．level D.beginning
9．He has passed the exam. What good _______!
A．message B．report C．news D. informations
10．It was sunny just now, but ________ it began to rain.
A．suddenly B．slowly C．loudly D.quickly
11．The man was short of money, so he ________ his favorite car to me.
A．gave B．sold C．lent D.borrow
12．—Mrs. Smiths _______ her two sons in the war.
—She must be very sad. Let’s do something for her.
A．fell B．missed C．lost D.left
13．—Lucy is much thinner than before.
—She seems to ________ interest in food.
A．share B．fail C．leave D．lose
14．—Quan Hongchan won the gold medal at the Olympic Games in 2021.
—Her success was the _________ of years of hard training.
A．reason B．excuse C．idea D．result
15．—Which of the two sweaters are you going to take
—I’m going to take ________. One is for my brother and the other is for myself.
A．each B．all C．none D．both
16．— Can you tell me how to make the toy truck run
— Why not read the ________ first I am kind of busy now.
A．report B．card C．instruction D．information
17．—My favorite TV ________ is A Bite of China.
—We like it, too. My mother often tries cooking food after watching it.
A．news B．percent C．program D．result
18．—Which dress do you like better, the red one or the blue one
—It’s hard to choose. Why don’t we buy _________ of them
A．both B．neither C．none D．either
19．—The scarf you bought for your mother feels so ________.
—Because it is made of silk.
A．soft B．thick C．strong D．hard
20．The final exam is coming, so Tina has to ________ her lessons late into the night.
A．review B．repeat C．report D．refuse
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1．At the __________ (begin) of the sports meeting, we got together on the playground.
2．The charity store provides us with ________ tea and coffee. (freedom)
3．We won’t ________ (lose) the game.
4．You can keep your eyes ________ (close) if you feel nervous(紧张的)!
5．Michael had a bad cold this morning. He didn’t go to school because of his ________ (ill).
6．Many sheep were _________ (die) because of the cold weather in Xinjiang.
7．I _________ (sell) him my car last year.
8．Jim was ________ (bear) in 2000.
9．Lily broke her favourite vase carelessly, but failing in the exam made her ________ (sadly).
10．Can you tell me the importance of ________ (protect) the earth
11．Uncle Jack made up his mind ________ (lose) weight. We hope he will succeed.
12．The old man didn’t know where to go because he had nowhere ________ (live).
13．On snowy days, a driver must drive as ________ (slow) as possible.
14．What’s the ________(mean) of the word “film” in American English
15．Food is an important part of cultural ________ (celebrate) .
三、根据首字母或汉语提示填空
1．James said sorry to Peter through a letter, but Peter didn’t a________ it.
2．He was b________on a small farm.
3．My pet dog that lived with me for five years d________ yesterday.
4．The r________ of the study show that the virus of COVID-19 comes from nature.
5．These lovely things are not for h________ but for animals.
6．Most of the h________ stopped catching animals to make money.
7．David ________(卖)his old flat at a low price last week.
8． It’s a ______________ (遗憾) that you cannot come.
9．When you are in trouble, try to face any difficulties. Don’t ________ (失去) your heart.
10．The panda is one of the animals in ________ (危险).
11．Our parents told us that a good _______（开始）is half done.
12．________ (厚的) hair makes the bears keep warm.
13．Please give your ________ (报告) to Mrs Wang. She wants to read it.
14．To build more ________ (保护区) may be one of the best ways to protect pandas.
15．It’s a ________ (羞愧) that you made so many mistakes in the exercises.
【附录1】词形转化测试
1.die v.死亡 →______________ n. 死，死亡→____________ adj. 死的 → ____________ adj. 将死的
2.mean v.意味着；打算→（过去式）____________ → ____________n.意义；意思 →
____________ adj.有意义的 →____________adj.无意义的
3.begin v.开始→________ n.开始；开端→（过去式）__________ → ____________n.初学者
4.sad adj. 伤心的 → (比较级）____________ →（最高级）saddest→____________ n.悲伤→____________adv. 伤心地
5.serious adj.严重的；认真的→ ____________adv. 严肃地；认真地
6.main adj.主要的→ ____________adv. 主要地
7. danger n.危险→____________adj. 濒危的 →____________ adj. 危险的→（反义词）____________adj.安全的
8.act v.表演；行动→____________ n.男演员 → ____________ n.女演员→____________ n.行动→ active adj. 积极的 → ____________n.活动
9.close v.关闭 → ____________ adj.关闭的→ (反义词）____________adj.开着的；v.打开
adj.近的→ (反义词）____________ adj.远的
10.thick adj.厚的；浓的 → (反义词）____________ adj. 薄的；淡淡的
11.live v.居住；adj.活的；现场直播的 →____________n.生存；生计/adj.活着的→ ____________ adj.活着的→ ____________活泼的；生动有趣的
12.sell v. 卖→ (过去式）____________ → ____________ n.出售
13.ill adj.生病的→____________ n.疾病
14.report n.报告/v. 报道 →____________ n.记者
15.move v.移动；搬家；感动→____________ 令人感动的；感人的 （修饰物）→____________ 感动的（修饰人）→____________ n.移动
16.slow adj.慢的→ ____________ adv. 慢地
17.free adj. 自由的；免费的/v.释放→ ____________ n.自由
18.hunt v.打猎；猎取→ ____________n.打猎 →____________n.猎人
19.protect v.保护→____________ n. 保护
20. paint v.画；涂色→____________ n.绘画作品→____________ n.画家；油漆匠
21.feel v.感觉→ ____________n.感觉；感触
22.happy adj.开心的;幸福的→____________ n.幸福；开心→____________ adj.不开心的→____________n.不幸 23.invite v.邀请→____________ n.邀请
24.kind adj.善良的/n.种类→____________adv.善良地→____________ n.善良；仁慈
【附录2】单词拼写测试
1.野生的_________________
2.自由的_________________
3.一道菜_________________
4.同情_________________
5.死_________________
6.海豚_________________
7.松鼠_________________
8.斑马_________________
9.意思是_________________
10.开始_________________
11.伤心地_________________
12.面对_________________
13.严重的_________________
14.主要地_________________
15.然而_________________
16.结果_________________
17.危险_________________
18.行动_________________
19.保护区_________________
20.法律_________________
21.没有一个_________________
22.关闭的_________________
23.蝙蝠_________________
24.蜜蜂_________________
25.迷路的_________________
26.储蓄_________________
27.条纹_________________
28.一会儿_________________
29.特性_________________
30.猎人_________________
31.捉住_________________
32.狼_________________
33.厚的；浓的_________________
34.失去_________________
35.生存_________________
36.杀死_________________
37.人_________________
38.难过的_________________
39.遗憾_________________
40.卖_________________
41.憾事_________________
42.行动_________________
43.疾病_________________
44.接受_________________
45.报告_________________
46.尾巴_________________
47.昆虫_________________
48.活动_________________
49.缓慢地_________________
50.白天_________________
51.要不然_________________
参考答案：
一、单项选择
1-5 DCBCA 6-10 DABCA 11-15 BCDDD 16-20 CCAAA
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1.beginning
2.free
3.lose
4.closed
5.illness
6.dead
7.sold
8.born
9.sadder
10.protecting
11.to lose
12.to live
13.slowly
14.meaning
15.celebrations
三、根据首字母或汉语提示填空
1.(a)ccept
2.(b)orn
3.(d)ied
4.(r)esults
5.(h)umans
6.(h)unters
7.sold
8.pity
9.lose
10.danger
11.beginning
12.Thick
13.report
14.reserves
15.shame
【附录1】词形转化测试答案见（一）Part1
【附录2】单词拼写测试答案见教材单词表