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浙江新目标（Go for it）版初中英语九年级全册Unit 12 Section B同步练习
一、单词拼写（词汇运用）
1．根据短文内容和所给中文提示，在空白处写出正确的单词，每空一词。
"Take
care!" my brother shouted to me. When I heard this, I was already lying on
the ground.
"You
really have bad (运气), Kate!" my brother
said. He was right. I had the (最差的) day of my
life.
When
I woke up in the morning, I found (我自己) on the
floor. Don't ask me how I got there, because I didn't know, (也).
The
greatest soccer game was supposed to be on at 7:00 a.m.，so last night I set my alarm clock for 6:40a. m. (然后) I turned on the computer to (搜索)
the Internet for the highlights (最精彩的部分) of the game.
When I was going to sit down, I missed the chair. I was so angry that I decided
to go out to (放松). When I was riding my bike with my younger brother, I bumped into(撞到) my neighbor's mailbox by (偶然地). What
a (糟糕的) day! My day didn't go exactly as I
(计划). I missed the game, slipped off(滑下) the chair and bumped into a mailbox.
二、语法填空
2．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。
April Fool's Day is celebrated in the
Western world on April 1st of every year. It is also (call) All Fools'
Day. It is not a legal(法定的) holiday. Even it
has been celebrated for many years, it is still not (include) in the official
list of holidays every year.
April Fool's Day is a day when people can
play jokes and hoaxes each other. In the United States, Canada，France and South Korea, jokes and hoaxes last all day, and in some
countries such Ireland, South Africa, New Zealand and the United
Kingdom, they last only until noon.
In these countries if someone plays a trick
on you in the afternoon, he or she will be called April Fool.
Here are two (piece) of real April Fool's
Day news in history. On April 1st, 1946, Hawaii and Alaska were hit by a
tsunami(海啸) that (kill) 165 people. On April 1st, 2002 WWE RAW changed
its logo which is used until now.
A famous April Fool's Day hoax in history
is when the Leaning Tower of Pisa was （announce） to have fallen over， many people
called
the radio station to confirm (确认) the (surprise)
news.
三、翻译
3．当我到那儿时，票已经被卖光了。
When
I got there, the tickets .
4．当杰克到电影院时，电影已经开始十分钟了。
When
Jack got to the cinema, the movie for ten minutes.
5．到上学期期末为止，我们已经学习了三千多个单词。
We
more than 3,000 words by the end of last term.
6．成千上万的人相信那个故事是真的。
people believed that the story was true.
四、阅读理解
7． The word “day” has two meanings. When we talk about the number of days in a year, we are using “day” to mean 24 hours. But when we talk about day and night, we are using “day” to mean the time between sunrise and sunset. Since the earth looks like a ball, the sun can shine on only half of it at a time. Always one half of the earth is having day and the other half night. A place is moved from day into night and from night into day over and over by the spinning（旋转）of the earth. At the equator（赤道）day and night are sometimes the same length（长度）. They are each twelve hours long. The sun rises at 6 o'clock in the morning and sets at 6 o'clock in the evening. For six months the North Pole is tilted（倾斜）toward the sun. In those months the Northern Hemisphere（半球）gets more hours of sunlight than the Southern Hemisphere. Days are longer than nights. South of the equator nights are longer than days. For the other six months the North Pole is tilted away from the sun. Then the Southern Hemisphere gets more sunlight. Days are longer than nights. North of the equator nights are longer than days. Winter is the season of long nights. Summer is the season of long days.
（1）When the Western Hemisphere is having day, the eastern Hemisphere is having ________________.
A．both day and night B．day
C．neither day nor night D．night
（2）A place is moved from day into night and from night into day over and over by _______________ of the earth.
A．the pushing B．the pulling C．the spinning D．the passing
（3）At the equator day is as long as night _______________.
A．sometimes B．never C．usually D．always
（4）When the North Pole is tilted toward the sun, the Northern Hemisphere gets _______________ sunlight.
A．less B．more C．all D．no
五、完形填空
8．（2017八上·禹州月考）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
All over the world people enjoy （1） . Sports （2） people to keep healthy happy, and to live （3） .
People play different games in winter and summer. （4） is good for swimming. And in winter people often go skating.
Some sports are very interesting and people everywhere are interested in them. For example, football is very popular. In China most people, men, （5） , boys, and girls, like to watch football games. They often talk about it. Some people often play football. Running and jumping began long long ago. But basketball and volleyball are rather （6） . People began to play them not long ago. And people are starting new sports or games all the time. Water skiing is one of （7） .
People （8） different countries may not （9） to understand each other, but after a game they often become （10） .
（1）A．sports B．food C．rest D．friends
（2）A．let B．make C．help D．have
（3）A．long B．longer C．happy D．happily
（4）A．Winter B．Summer C．Autumn D．Spring
（5）A．woman B．women C．old D．young
（6）A．new B．interesting C．popular D．old
（7）A．oldest B．newest C．the oldest D．the newest
（8）A．in B．of C．from D．at
（9）A．can B．able C．be able D．be able to
（10）A．brothers B．friendly C．friends D．Healthy
答案解析部分
1．【答案】luck；worst；myself；either；Then；search；relax；accident；terrible；planned
【知识点】单词拼写
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了作者糟糕的一天。
（1）句意：凯特，你的运气真不好。运气，luck，不可数名词，故填luck。
（2）句意：我度过了一生中最差的一天。最差的，worst，bad的最高级，故填worst。
（3）句意：当我早上醒来时，我发现自己在地板上。我自己，myself，反身代词，故填myself。
（4）句意：别问我我怎么到那的，因为我也不知道。也，either，用于否定句句尾，故填either。
（5）句意：然后我打开电脑上网搜索比赛最精彩的部分。然后，then，句首首字母大写，故填Then。
（6）句意：然后我打开电脑上网搜索比赛最精彩的部分。搜索，search，to后面加动词原形表目的，故填search。
（7）句意：我如此生气以至于我决定出去放松。放松，relax，to后面加动词原形表目的，故填relax。
（8）句意：我偶然撞到了邻居的邮箱。偶然地，by accident，固定搭配，故填accident。
（9）句意：多糟糕的一天！糟糕的，terrible，形容词，修饰名词day，故填terrible。
（10）句意：我的一天没有和我计划的一样进行。计划，plan，动词，因didn't为过去式，可知是过去的动作，plan也应是过去式，其过去式为planned，故填planned。
【点评】考查单词拼写，注意根据提示及句意填写正确形式的单词，注意固定搭配和时态。
2．【答案】called；though；included；on；as；an；pieces；killed；announced；surprising
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了愚人节的时间和风俗，愚人节这一天人们可以互相开玩笑和恶作剧。然后又列举了愚人节的一些著名的玩笑。
（1）句意：它也被称作All Fools' Day。call叫，称呼，动词，被称作be called，是固定短语，故答案为called。
（2）句意：尽管它已经被庆祝了许多年了，但它仍然不被包括在官方每年的节日名单中。根据 it is still not，它仍然不， 可知意思是尽管它已经被庆祝了许多年了，尽管even though，是固定短语，故答案为though。
（3）句意：尽管它已经被庆祝了许多年了，但它仍然不被包括在官方每年的节日名单中。include，动词，包括，根据此句中的it和句意可知应该用动词include的过去分词，构成被动语态，故答案为included。
（4）句意：愚人节这一天人们可以互相开玩笑和恶作剧。开玩笑，play jokes on，固定搭配，故答案为on。
（5）句意：在一些国家，例如爱尔兰，南非，新西兰和英国，他们只持续到中午。列举事物用such as，根据 Ireland, South Africa, New Zealand and the United Kingdom 可知是列举事物，故答案为as。
（6）句意：在这些国家如果有人在下午给你开玩笑，他或她会被称为一个愚人节傻瓜。一个，a/an，April的第一个音是元音音素，用an，故答案为an。
（7）句意：在历史上有两条真的愚人节的新闻。piece，片，条，两条新闻two pieces of news，故答案为pieces。
（8）句意：在1946年的4月1日，夏威夷和阿拉斯加被一场海啸袭击，杀死了165人。kill杀死，动词，说的是过去的事情，动词kill用过去式killed，故答案为killed。
（9）句意：历史上一个著名的愚人节恶作剧是有人宣布比萨斜塔倒了，许多人给电视台打电话来确认这个令人吃惊的消息。 announce，宣布，动词，根据句意和前面的was可知应该用过去分词，和was构成被动语态，故答案为 announced。
（10）句意：历史上一个著名的愚人节恶作剧是有人宣布比萨斜塔倒了，许多人给电视台打电话来确认这个令人吃惊的消息。 surprise，令人吃惊，动词，根据后面的名词news可知用形容词，news是物，用形容词surprising，故答案为 surprising。
【点评】考查语法填空。需要根据单词在语境中的词性进行适当的变形。同时熟记固定搭配和固定句式。
3．【答案】had；been；sold；out
【知识点】汉译英；过去完成时的被动语态
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此处缺少成分“卖光“sell out，是固定短语，根据 When I got there，可知用过去完成时，又根据票 ticket 和卖 sell 之间是被动关系，可知用被动语态，过去完成时被动语态的构成是had been +过去分词，sell的过去分词是sold，故答案为had，been，sold，out。
【点评】考查汉译英和过去完成时被动语态。注意根据中英文判定时态和语态。
4．【答案】had；been；on
【知识点】汉译英；过去完成时
【解析】【分析】根据中英文提示可知此处缺少”开始“，根据when we got to the cinema.当我们到达电影院的时候，可知为过去完成时，for+一段时间，谓语动词要用延续性动词，be on进行，开始， 固定短语，是延续性动词，故答案为had，been，on。
【点评】考查汉译英和延续性动词在完成时中的用法。注意for+一段时间要用延续性动词连用。
5．【答案】had；learnt
【知识点】汉译英；过去完成时
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此处缺少成分”学习“，learn，根据 by the end of last term ，可知为过去完成时，过去完成时的构成是had+过去分词，learn的过去分词是learnt，故答案为had，learnt。
【点评】考查汉译英和过去完成时。注意by the end of 后跟过去的时间，谓语动词用过去完成时。
6．【答案】Thousands；of
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“成千上万”，thousands of成千上万，固定搭配，句首首字母大写，故填Thousands of。
【点评】考查汉译英，识记thousands of的用法。
7．【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
【知识点】科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】短文大意：“天”有两层含义。当我们谈论一年里面的天数,我们使用的“天”意味着24小时。但是当我们谈论白天和黑夜,我们使用“天”来表示从日出到日落这段时间。
（1）细节理解题。根据Since the earth looks like a ball, the sun can shine on only half of it at a time. Always one half of the earth is having day and the other half night.可知选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据A place is moved from day into night and from night into day over and over by the spinning（旋转）of the earth可知选.C。
（3）细节理解题。根据At the equator（赤道）day and night are sometimes the same length（长度）.可知选A。
（4）细节理解题。根据For six months the North Pole is tilted（倾斜）toward the sun. In those months the Northern Hemisphere（半球）gets more hours of sunlight than the Southern Hemisphere. 可知选B。
【点评】科普环保类阅读。
8．【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）B；（4）B；（5）B；（6）A；（7）D；（8）C；（9）C；（10）C
【知识点】社会现象类；说明文
【解析】【分析】你喜欢运动吗？运动可以使我们保持健康，能使我们快乐、长寿。运动的形式是多种多样的，如跑步、跳高、篮球、足球、排球等。他们有的已经有了很长的历史，有的是比较新的运动。无论来自什么国家，人们在一起运动之后都会成为朋友。
（1）A考查名词及语境的理解。句意：世界各地的人都喜欢运动。sports 运动；food 食物；rest 休息；friends 朋友。根据下文可知，这篇短文介绍的是关于运动的事情，故应选A。
（2）C考查动词及语境的理解。句意：运动帮助人们保持健康、快乐和长寿。let 让；make 让，使；制作；help 帮助；have 有，举行。这句话中使用的句型是help sb to do sth.，动词不定式是带to的；其他三个选项的动词，跟不定式的时候，都是不带to的。故选C。
（3）B考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：运动帮助人们保持健康、快乐和长寿。long 长的；longer 更长的；happy 快乐的；happily快乐地，副词。根据句意可知，这里是把运动和不运动进行比较，运动可以使人们活得更长，故选B。
（4）B考查名词及语境的理解。句意：夏天适合游泳。Winter 冬季；Summer 夏季；Autumn 秋季；Spring春季。根据上下文People play different games in winter and summer. ...And in winter people often go skating.可知，下句话提到的是冬季的运动，因此这里说的是夏季的运动，故选B。
（5）B考查名词及语境的理解。句意：在中国，大多数人，男人、女人，男孩、女孩，喜欢观看足球比赛。woman 女人，单数；women 女人，复数；old 老的；young年轻的。根据句意可知，这里的词是跟前面的men相对的，故选B。
（6）A考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：但是篮球和排球都是比较新的运动。new新的； interesting 有趣的；popular 流行的，受欢迎的；old老的。根据上句话Running and jumping began long long ago和这句话开头的but可知，相比跑步和跳跃，篮球和排球都是比较新鲜的运动，故选A。
（7）D考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：滑水是最新的运动之一。oldest 最老的；newest 最新的；the oldest 最老的；the newest最新的。根据上句话可知，这里作者谈的是新出现的运动，最新的之一是滑水，故选D。
（8）C考查介词及语境的理解。句意：来自不同国家的人可能不能够相互理解，但是在一场比赛之后，他们经常会变成朋友。in 在……里面；of……的；from 来自；at在具体地点。根据句意可知，这里说的是来自不同国家的人，故选C。
（9）C考查形容词短语及语境的理解。句意：来自不同国家的人可能不能够相互理解，但是在一场比赛之后，他们经常会变成朋友。can 能，否定形式在后面加not；able 是形容词，前面跟be动词；be able 能；be able to能，和后面的to重复。故应选C。
（10）C考查名词及语境的理解。句意：来自不同国家的人可能不能够相互理解，但是在一场比赛之后，他们经常会变成朋友。Brothers兄弟；friendly 友好的；friends 朋友；healthy健康的。根据句意可知应选C。
【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
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浙江新目标（Go for it）版初中英语九年级全册Unit 12 Section B同步练习
一、单词拼写（词汇运用）
1．根据短文内容和所给中文提示，在空白处写出正确的单词，每空一词。
"Take
care!" my brother shouted to me. When I heard this, I was already lying on
the ground.
"You
really have bad (运气), Kate!" my brother
said. He was right. I had the (最差的) day of my
life.
When
I woke up in the morning, I found (我自己) on the
floor. Don't ask me how I got there, because I didn't know, (也).
The
greatest soccer game was supposed to be on at 7:00 a.m.，so last night I set my alarm clock for 6:40a. m. (然后) I turned on the computer to (搜索)
the Internet for the highlights (最精彩的部分) of the game.
When I was going to sit down, I missed the chair. I was so angry that I decided
to go out to (放松). When I was riding my bike with my younger brother, I bumped into(撞到) my neighbor's mailbox by (偶然地). What
a (糟糕的) day! My day didn't go exactly as I
(计划). I missed the game, slipped off(滑下) the chair and bumped into a mailbox.
【答案】luck；worst；myself；either；Then；search；relax；accident；terrible；planned
【知识点】单词拼写
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了作者糟糕的一天。
（1）句意：凯特，你的运气真不好。运气，luck，不可数名词，故填luck。
（2）句意：我度过了一生中最差的一天。最差的，worst，bad的最高级，故填worst。
（3）句意：当我早上醒来时，我发现自己在地板上。我自己，myself，反身代词，故填myself。
（4）句意：别问我我怎么到那的，因为我也不知道。也，either，用于否定句句尾，故填either。
（5）句意：然后我打开电脑上网搜索比赛最精彩的部分。然后，then，句首首字母大写，故填Then。
（6）句意：然后我打开电脑上网搜索比赛最精彩的部分。搜索，search，to后面加动词原形表目的，故填search。
（7）句意：我如此生气以至于我决定出去放松。放松，relax，to后面加动词原形表目的，故填relax。
（8）句意：我偶然撞到了邻居的邮箱。偶然地，by accident，固定搭配，故填accident。
（9）句意：多糟糕的一天！糟糕的，terrible，形容词，修饰名词day，故填terrible。
（10）句意：我的一天没有和我计划的一样进行。计划，plan，动词，因didn't为过去式，可知是过去的动作，plan也应是过去式，其过去式为planned，故填planned。
【点评】考查单词拼写，注意根据提示及句意填写正确形式的单词，注意固定搭配和时态。
二、语法填空
2．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。
April Fool's Day is celebrated in the
Western world on April 1st of every year. It is also (call) All Fools'
Day. It is not a legal(法定的) holiday. Even it
has been celebrated for many years, it is still not (include) in the official
list of holidays every year.
April Fool's Day is a day when people can
play jokes and hoaxes each other. In the United States, Canada，France and South Korea, jokes and hoaxes last all day, and in some
countries such Ireland, South Africa, New Zealand and the United
Kingdom, they last only until noon.
In these countries if someone plays a trick
on you in the afternoon, he or she will be called April Fool.
Here are two (piece) of real April Fool's
Day news in history. On April 1st, 1946, Hawaii and Alaska were hit by a
tsunami(海啸) that (kill) 165 people. On April 1st, 2002 WWE RAW changed
its logo which is used until now.
A famous April Fool's Day hoax in history
is when the Leaning Tower of Pisa was （announce） to have fallen over， many people
called
the radio station to confirm (确认) the (surprise)
news.
【答案】called；though；included；on；as；an；pieces；killed；announced；surprising
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了愚人节的时间和风俗，愚人节这一天人们可以互相开玩笑和恶作剧。然后又列举了愚人节的一些著名的玩笑。
（1）句意：它也被称作All Fools' Day。call叫，称呼，动词，被称作be called，是固定短语，故答案为called。
（2）句意：尽管它已经被庆祝了许多年了，但它仍然不被包括在官方每年的节日名单中。根据 it is still not，它仍然不， 可知意思是尽管它已经被庆祝了许多年了，尽管even though，是固定短语，故答案为though。
（3）句意：尽管它已经被庆祝了许多年了，但它仍然不被包括在官方每年的节日名单中。include，动词，包括，根据此句中的it和句意可知应该用动词include的过去分词，构成被动语态，故答案为included。
（4）句意：愚人节这一天人们可以互相开玩笑和恶作剧。开玩笑，play jokes on，固定搭配，故答案为on。
（5）句意：在一些国家，例如爱尔兰，南非，新西兰和英国，他们只持续到中午。列举事物用such as，根据 Ireland, South Africa, New Zealand and the United Kingdom 可知是列举事物，故答案为as。
（6）句意：在这些国家如果有人在下午给你开玩笑，他或她会被称为一个愚人节傻瓜。一个，a/an，April的第一个音是元音音素，用an，故答案为an。
（7）句意：在历史上有两条真的愚人节的新闻。piece，片，条，两条新闻two pieces of news，故答案为pieces。
（8）句意：在1946年的4月1日，夏威夷和阿拉斯加被一场海啸袭击，杀死了165人。kill杀死，动词，说的是过去的事情，动词kill用过去式killed，故答案为killed。
（9）句意：历史上一个著名的愚人节恶作剧是有人宣布比萨斜塔倒了，许多人给电视台打电话来确认这个令人吃惊的消息。 announce，宣布，动词，根据句意和前面的was可知应该用过去分词，和was构成被动语态，故答案为 announced。
（10）句意：历史上一个著名的愚人节恶作剧是有人宣布比萨斜塔倒了，许多人给电视台打电话来确认这个令人吃惊的消息。 surprise，令人吃惊，动词，根据后面的名词news可知用形容词，news是物，用形容词surprising，故答案为 surprising。
【点评】考查语法填空。需要根据单词在语境中的词性进行适当的变形。同时熟记固定搭配和固定句式。
三、翻译
3．当我到那儿时，票已经被卖光了。
When
I got there, the tickets .
【答案】had；been；sold；out
【知识点】汉译英；过去完成时的被动语态
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此处缺少成分“卖光“sell out，是固定短语，根据 When I got there，可知用过去完成时，又根据票 ticket 和卖 sell 之间是被动关系，可知用被动语态，过去完成时被动语态的构成是had been +过去分词，sell的过去分词是sold，故答案为had，been，sold，out。
【点评】考查汉译英和过去完成时被动语态。注意根据中英文判定时态和语态。
4．当杰克到电影院时，电影已经开始十分钟了。
When
Jack got to the cinema, the movie for ten minutes.
【答案】had；been；on
【知识点】汉译英；过去完成时
【解析】【分析】根据中英文提示可知此处缺少”开始“，根据when we got to the cinema.当我们到达电影院的时候，可知为过去完成时，for+一段时间，谓语动词要用延续性动词，be on进行，开始， 固定短语，是延续性动词，故答案为had，been，on。
【点评】考查汉译英和延续性动词在完成时中的用法。注意for+一段时间要用延续性动词连用。
5．到上学期期末为止，我们已经学习了三千多个单词。
We
more than 3,000 words by the end of last term.
【答案】had；learnt
【知识点】汉译英；过去完成时
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此处缺少成分”学习“，learn，根据 by the end of last term ，可知为过去完成时，过去完成时的构成是had+过去分词，learn的过去分词是learnt，故答案为had，learnt。
【点评】考查汉译英和过去完成时。注意by the end of 后跟过去的时间，谓语动词用过去完成时。
6．成千上万的人相信那个故事是真的。
people believed that the story was true.
【答案】Thousands；of
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“成千上万”，thousands of成千上万，固定搭配，句首首字母大写，故填Thousands of。
【点评】考查汉译英，识记thousands of的用法。
四、阅读理解
7． The word “day” has two meanings. When we talk about the number of days in a year, we are using “day” to mean 24 hours. But when we talk about day and night, we are using “day” to mean the time between sunrise and sunset. Since the earth looks like a ball, the sun can shine on only half of it at a time. Always one half of the earth is having day and the other half night. A place is moved from day into night and from night into day over and over by the spinning（旋转）of the earth. At the equator（赤道）day and night are sometimes the same length（长度）. They are each twelve hours long. The sun rises at 6 o'clock in the morning and sets at 6 o'clock in the evening. For six months the North Pole is tilted（倾斜）toward the sun. In those months the Northern Hemisphere（半球）gets more hours of sunlight than the Southern Hemisphere. Days are longer than nights. South of the equator nights are longer than days. For the other six months the North Pole is tilted away from the sun. Then the Southern Hemisphere gets more sunlight. Days are longer than nights. North of the equator nights are longer than days. Winter is the season of long nights. Summer is the season of long days.
（1）When the Western Hemisphere is having day, the eastern Hemisphere is having ________________.
A．both day and night B．day
C．neither day nor night D．night
（2）A place is moved from day into night and from night into day over and over by _______________ of the earth.
A．the pushing B．the pulling C．the spinning D．the passing
（3）At the equator day is as long as night _______________.
A．sometimes B．never C．usually D．always
（4）When the North Pole is tilted toward the sun, the Northern Hemisphere gets _______________ sunlight.
A．less B．more C．all D．no
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
【知识点】科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】短文大意：“天”有两层含义。当我们谈论一年里面的天数,我们使用的“天”意味着24小时。但是当我们谈论白天和黑夜,我们使用“天”来表示从日出到日落这段时间。
（1）细节理解题。根据Since the earth looks like a ball, the sun can shine on only half of it at a time. Always one half of the earth is having day and the other half night.可知选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据A place is moved from day into night and from night into day over and over by the spinning（旋转）of the earth可知选.C。
（3）细节理解题。根据At the equator（赤道）day and night are sometimes the same length（长度）.可知选A。
（4）细节理解题。根据For six months the North Pole is tilted（倾斜）toward the sun. In those months the Northern Hemisphere（半球）gets more hours of sunlight than the Southern Hemisphere. 可知选B。
【点评】科普环保类阅读。
五、完形填空
8．（2017八上·禹州月考）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
All over the world people enjoy （1） . Sports （2） people to keep healthy happy, and to live （3） .
People play different games in winter and summer. （4） is good for swimming. And in winter people often go skating.
Some sports are very interesting and people everywhere are interested in them. For example, football is very popular. In China most people, men, （5） , boys, and girls, like to watch football games. They often talk about it. Some people often play football. Running and jumping began long long ago. But basketball and volleyball are rather （6） . People began to play them not long ago. And people are starting new sports or games all the time. Water skiing is one of （7） .
People （8） different countries may not （9） to understand each other, but after a game they often become （10） .
（1）A．sports B．food C．rest D．friends
（2）A．let B．make C．help D．have
（3）A．long B．longer C．happy D．happily
（4）A．Winter B．Summer C．Autumn D．Spring
（5）A．woman B．women C．old D．young
（6）A．new B．interesting C．popular D．old
（7）A．oldest B．newest C．the oldest D．the newest
（8）A．in B．of C．from D．at
（9）A．can B．able C．be able D．be able to
（10）A．brothers B．friendly C．friends D．Healthy
【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）B；（4）B；（5）B；（6）A；（7）D；（8）C；（9）C；（10）C
【知识点】社会现象类；说明文
【解析】【分析】你喜欢运动吗？运动可以使我们保持健康，能使我们快乐、长寿。运动的形式是多种多样的，如跑步、跳高、篮球、足球、排球等。他们有的已经有了很长的历史，有的是比较新的运动。无论来自什么国家，人们在一起运动之后都会成为朋友。
（1）A考查名词及语境的理解。句意：世界各地的人都喜欢运动。sports 运动；food 食物；rest 休息；friends 朋友。根据下文可知，这篇短文介绍的是关于运动的事情，故应选A。
（2）C考查动词及语境的理解。句意：运动帮助人们保持健康、快乐和长寿。let 让；make 让，使；制作；help 帮助；have 有，举行。这句话中使用的句型是help sb to do sth.，动词不定式是带to的；其他三个选项的动词，跟不定式的时候，都是不带to的。故选C。
（3）B考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：运动帮助人们保持健康、快乐和长寿。long 长的；longer 更长的；happy 快乐的；happily快乐地，副词。根据句意可知，这里是把运动和不运动进行比较，运动可以使人们活得更长，故选B。
（4）B考查名词及语境的理解。句意：夏天适合游泳。Winter 冬季；Summer 夏季；Autumn 秋季；Spring春季。根据上下文People play different games in winter and summer. ...And in winter people often go skating.可知，下句话提到的是冬季的运动，因此这里说的是夏季的运动，故选B。
（5）B考查名词及语境的理解。句意：在中国，大多数人，男人、女人，男孩、女孩，喜欢观看足球比赛。woman 女人，单数；women 女人，复数；old 老的；young年轻的。根据句意可知，这里的词是跟前面的men相对的，故选B。
（6）A考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：但是篮球和排球都是比较新的运动。new新的； interesting 有趣的；popular 流行的，受欢迎的；old老的。根据上句话Running and jumping began long long ago和这句话开头的but可知，相比跑步和跳跃，篮球和排球都是比较新鲜的运动，故选A。
（7）D考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：滑水是最新的运动之一。oldest 最老的；newest 最新的；the oldest 最老的；the newest最新的。根据上句话可知，这里作者谈的是新出现的运动，最新的之一是滑水，故选D。
（8）C考查介词及语境的理解。句意：来自不同国家的人可能不能够相互理解，但是在一场比赛之后，他们经常会变成朋友。in 在……里面；of……的；from 来自；at在具体地点。根据句意可知，这里说的是来自不同国家的人，故选C。
（9）C考查形容词短语及语境的理解。句意：来自不同国家的人可能不能够相互理解，但是在一场比赛之后，他们经常会变成朋友。can 能，否定形式在后面加not；able 是形容词，前面跟be动词；be able 能；be able to能，和后面的to重复。故应选C。
（10）C考查名词及语境的理解。句意：来自不同国家的人可能不能够相互理解，但是在一场比赛之后，他们经常会变成朋友。Brothers兄弟；friendly 友好的；friends 朋友；healthy健康的。根据句意可知应选C。
【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
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